theories (e.g. general translation theory, polysystem theory);
research methods (e.g. descriptive, empirical);
CHENLI
redefine the concepts ‘literal’ and ‘free’ in operational terms, to describe ‘meaning’ in scientific terms, and to put together systematic taxonomies of translation phenomena.
even the syntax contains a mystery – I render not word-for-word,
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but sense for sense. (St Jerome 395 CE /1997: 25)
many modern theoreticians concur that the main problem with the writings on translation in this period was that the criteria for
容易。”
所谓“五不翻”,即五种不意译而是用音译的情形:
1、秘密故不翻。具有神秘色彩的词语应该不翻。如六字
真言“唵嘛呢叭咪吽”意为“哦!莲花里的珠宝”。不照
字面意义翻译出来,保持了佛语的神秘和庄重。
2、含多义故不翻。如梵语“薄伽梵”一词具有六种意义:
“自在、炽盛、端严、名称、吉祥、尊贵”,这些词无法
精通梵文,熟悉正确的翻译方法,不失梵文所载的义理。
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·薄阅苍雅,粗谙篆隶,不昧此文,其备八也。