高考英语概要写作专项训练
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概要写作
1．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the
passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Cycling isn’t always easy. Busy streets, honking horns, and inadequate bike lanes can make it
an uphill battle. But not even these difficulties can stop Europeans’ passion for cycling. According
to BBC, bicycles outsold cars in most of the European Union’s states last year.
There are traditional bicycle capitals”, such as Amsterdam in the Netherlands and
Copenhagen in Denmark. But in many other traditionally car-made countries, the shift to bikes is
striking. Italians, for instance, bought 1.6 million bikes against 1.4 million cars in 2012.
So what has led to cycling’s growing popularity in Europe?
The economic crisis has played an important role in the issue. “The economic crisis has had
an effect on all areas of people’s lives, including on transport,” Giulietta Pagliaccio, head of the
Italian cycling federation FIAB, told the Australian Associated Press.
Since the European debt crisis broke out in 2009, more people lost their jobs while the cost of
living, including fuel costs, continued to rise. It forced many people to give up driving to save
money, the Guangzhou-based New Express commented. Take Greece, a country seriously hit by
the crisis, for example. It sold 320,000 bikes last year against 58,000 cars.
More importantly, people have changed their views toward cars and bikes. Cars are losing
their appeal as status symbols. Yet, cycling is now seen as “a safe, clean, healthy, inexpensive way
to get around town”, the Daily Star concluded. “It not only reduces traffic jam and pollution, but
also contributes to public health.”
However, with more and more people turning to cycling, questions remain about traffic and
safety problems.
To ease people’s worries, dozens of cities have joined a European Union to make bicycles
equal to cars as a form of urban transport. Quite a few cities now offer well-marked bike lanes,
such as the cycling super-highway marked in blue in London. It runs all over the city, from the
center to the suburbs.
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2．Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)
of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
91. The Problem of Packaging
A large source of rubbish is packaging material. It often makes up more than 30 percent of
the total. To understand why this is true, think of the packaging commonly used for a simple
product, such as toothpaste. The packaging includes not only the tube for the toothpaste, but also
the box for the tube. This box is put into a plastic wrapper. Then, the boxes are transported in a
cardboard container.
Most packaging material ends up in a landfill after it is thrown away. Though necessary,
landfills take up valuable space, often stink, and can leak harmful substances into the soil.
Landfills not included, the production of packaging material itself is a major source of air and
water pollution.
People are now trying to solve the problems caused by packaging materials. In 1991,
Germany took the lead by requiring companies to recycle the packaging used for their goods. To
do this, the companies set up recycling bins in every neighborhood. Consumers now separate their
rubbish into three categories—metal, plastic and paper cartons. They then put it into the
appropriate bin. The rubbish sorted, it is transported to recycling company for processing.
The programme worked well at first. However, the amount of rubbish has begun to increase
again. One reason for this is that many consumers no longer reduce waste because they think the
problem is solved. It seems that to properly deal with the problem of rubbish, everyone must
remain alert and do their part.
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