英文作文正式和非正式的写法
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英文作文正式和非正式的写法
Writing can be formal or informal in its tone. Your purpose for writing and
your intended audience will determine which tone is appropriate.
What is the difference between formal and informal? Formal writing
should be clear, unambiguous, and well organized. Formal writing uses proper
sentence construction, grammar, punctuation, no contractions, no clichés, and no
slang or dialect specific phrasing. The flow is logical and well defined. Sentence
structure may be quite involved and the words may be technical. No familiarity
with the reader is assumed. It is respectful and neutral. No inflammatory, profane,
pejorative, insulting, or other offensive language is used. Jokes and humor are
carefully inserted and are used very rarely in business writing and never in
academic writing. Humor can be a highly personal perception. As a general rule,
avoid attempts at humor. When you write for business purposes or scholarly
reasons, you must be sensitive to your audience and consider the
appropriateness of the language you are using.
Avoid using pronouns and ambiguous references. Instead, take the time to
specifically state what or who you are referring to. In academic work it is
important to clearly state your thesis so the reader knows from the outset what
your objective is. Place the thesis statement at the end of the introductory
paragraph or section.
Organize chapters, sections, subsections, and paragraphs such that they
obviously support your central contention. Follow the concept of introduce,
expand/justify, conclude.
Stay on topic and present all relevant sides of an issue fairly.
Informal writing can be thought of as a friendly voice. It is much like when
you are speaking to your friends. Sentence structure may be short and to the
point. Or it might ramble along as you explore different aspects of a particular
thought. Contractions abound. Slang and clichés litter the work. Colorful, emotive
terms can be used.
Using formal writing. Formal writing should be used in the following
situations:
• Business correspondence and communications, including business e-mails.
• Letters to persons in authority unless you know them personally and are
writing to them as a friend.
• Reports.
• Research papers.
• Technical books, manuals, or articles
• Articles for professional journals.
• Articles for the internet and magazines with a few exceptions.
• Most books (although the dialogue in novels may be informal to define a
character).
Using informal writing. With few exceptions, informal writing should only
be used in personal communications. The exceptions include:
• Articles if the publication's branding is informal and strives for the common
touch.
• Dialogue in books to express and build a particular characterization.
