试卷2

江华瑶族自治县检验医师考试姓名：科室：得分：1.因子Ⅶ和因子V主要含于下列哪种血液成分中是：( )A.硫酸钡吸附血浆B.硫酸钡吸附血清C.正常人新鲜血浆D.正常人新鲜血清2.因子V,Ⅷ主要含于下列哪种血液成分中：( )A.硫酸钡吸附血浆B.硫酸钡吸附血清C.正常人贮存血浆D.正常人贮存血清3.在肝合成时,依赖维生素K的凝血因子是下列哪一组：( )A.Ⅷ,Ⅸ,Ⅺ,ⅫB.Ⅱ,V,Ⅶ,XC.Ⅱ,Ⅶ,Ⅸ,XD.I,Ⅲ,V,Ⅶ4.血管内皮细胞分泌的抗止血物质,下列哪项是错误的是：( )A.组织纤溶酶原激知物(t-PA)B.前列环素(PGI2)C.硫酸乙酰肝素D.血管性血友病因子（VWF）5.血管止血作用的调控,下列哪项是错误的是：( )A.受神经调控B.受体液调控C.二者通过拮抗作用调控D.二者通过协同作用调控6.下列哪种毛细血管仅由一层内皮细胞组成是：( )A.微动脉B.前毛细胞血管C.真毛细血管D.微静脉7.下列哪种细胞是血管壁与血液之间的分界细胞是：( )A.上皮细胞B.内皮细胞C.淋巴细胞D.单核细胞8.下列哪项不属于血小板的细胞器是：( )A.高尔基复合体和线粒体B.a颗粒和糖原颗粒C.致密颗粒和溶酶体颗粒D.微管和微丝9.cAMP与血小板聚集之间的关系,下列哪项是正确的是：( )A.cAMP增高,促进血小板聚集B.cAMP减低,促进血小板聚集C.cAMP正常,抑制血小板聚集D.cAMP减低,抑制血小板聚集10.能兴奋腺苷酸环化酶的物质是：( )A.凝血酶B.PGH2C.PGI2D.TXA211.下列哪一项是错的是：( )A.血小板致密颗粒是血小板的消化结构B.血小板致密颗粒是维持血小板形态、功能、代谢活动所需能量来源C.血小板a颗粒是促进血小板聚集和血栓形成D.溶酶体颗粒是血小板的消化结构12.血小板a颗粒释放的特异蛋白质是：( )A.ADP,ATPB.5-羟色胺和钙离子C.血小板第4因子(PH)和β血小板球蛋白(β-TG)D.血小板促生长因子(PDGF)和凝血酶致敏蛋白(TSP)13.在维持血小板形态方面起重要作用的下列哪项是错误的是：( )A.微管B.微丝C.膜下细丝D.致密颗粒14.血小板在止血中功能,下列哪项是错的是：( )A.活化因子Ⅻ,启动内源凝血途径B.粘附功能C.聚集和释放功能D.释放功能15.下列哪一组在维持血小板的形态,释放和收缩中起重要作用：( )A.微管,微丝和膜下细胞丝B.致密颗粒,a-颗粒和溶酶体颗粒C.ADP,β血小板球蛋白D.ATP和纤维蛋白16.具有促进血小板聚集作用的是：( )A.血小板第3因子B.血小板第4因子C.血小板促生长因子D.血小板激活因子17.下列哪一组是凝血酶原酶：( )A.Ⅸa,Ⅷa,Ca离子,PF3复合物B.Xa Va,Ca离子,PF3复合物C.Ⅲ,Ⅶa,Ca离子复合物D.ⅧF:Ag,Ⅷ:C复合物18.下列哪一项是反映血小板收缩功能的物质：( )A.肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白B.血小板第4因子和自二血小板球蛋白C.血小板促生长因子和凝血酶致敏蛋白D.血小板膜磷脂和膜糖蛋白19.正常共同凝血途径中,以下哪项是正确的：( )A.因子Ⅸa,Ⅷa，PF3,Ca离子形成复合物B.因子Ⅲ,Ⅶa,钙离子形成复合物C.因子Xa, Va,PF3,钙离子形成复合物D.因子Ⅸ,Ⅷ,Ⅱ,磷脂,钙离子形成复合物20.完成血小板粘附功能所需条件是：( )A.血小板数量增多B.微血管壁的结构正常C.GPIb和VWF含量正常以及内皮下层组织成分的存在D.血浆总蛋白,血液电解质浓度及pH值均正常21.按凝血因子命名委员会规定以罗马数字命名凝血因子,下列哪一项是对的：( )A.凝血因子I-XⅢB.凝血因子I-ⅫC.凝血因子I-ⅪD.凝血因子I-Ⅸ22.因子Ⅳ在凝血过程中主要起下列哪一个作用：( )A.参与凝血第一阶段B.参与凝血第二阶段C.参与凝血第三阶段D.参与凝血全过程23.下列哪项是外源凝血途径：( )A.因子Ⅻ沮被激活到因子Xa形成过程B.因子Ⅻ活化到纤维蛋白形成过程C.因子Ⅶ活化到纤维蛋白形成过程D.因子Ⅲ的释放到因子X被激活的过程24.抑制凝血酶活性最主要的物质是：( )A.抗凝血酶I(ATI)B.抗凝血酶Ⅱ(ATⅡ)C.抗凝血酶Ⅲ(ATⅢ)D.抗凝血酶Ⅳ(ATⅣ)25.蛋白C系统中的抗凝血物质,下列哪一种尚未肯定是由肝合成：( )A.蛋白C(PC)B.蛋白S(PS)C.血栓调节蛋白(TM)D.活化蛋白C抑制物(APCI)26.活化蛋白C(APC)能灭活下列哪些因子：( )A.因子Va和ⅧaB.因子Ⅶa和XaC.因子Ⅸa和ⅨaD.ATⅢ和肝素辅因子Ⅱ27.下列哪些因子为抗凝血酶Ⅲ所不能灭活：( )A.因子Ⅺa和ⅫaB.因子Va和ⅧaC.因子Ⅸa和XaD.因子Ⅲ和Ⅶa28.有关激活纤溶系统的途径,下列哪一项是错误的：( )A.内激活途径B.外激活途径C.外源激活途径D.共同激活途径29.下列哪一种纤溶系统抑制物是最重要的：( )A.α2-巨球蛋白B.α1-抗膜蛋白酶C.α2-抗纤溶酶D.C1-灭活剂30.下列哪项不属于纤溶酶的生理作用：( )A.裂解纤维蛋白原B.裂解纤维蛋白C.水解多种凝血因子D.灭活蛋白C31.纤溶激活物的作用是：( )A.使纤维蛋白原变为纤维蛋白原降解产物B.使纤维蛋白变为纤维蛋白降解产物C.使纤溶酶原变为纤溶酶D.使纤维蛋白原变为纤维蛋白32.在纤溶过程中可使纤溶酶原变为纤溶酶的物质是：( )A.纤溶酶原激活物(PA)B.α2-纤溶酶抑制物(α2-PI)C.α2-巨球蛋白(α2-M)D. α1-抗膜蛋白酶(α1-AT)33.在纤维蛋白降解过程中,由可溶性纤维蛋白形成不溶性纤维蛋白除需钙离子外,还需要哪种凝血因子：( )A.因子ⅫB.因子ⅫaC.因子XⅢD.因子XⅢa34.纤维蛋白(原)降解产物的生理功能是：( )A.促进血液凝固B.抑制血液凝固C.促进纤维蛋白溶解 D 抑制纤维蛋白溶解35.下列哪组疾病,出血时间测定正常：( )A.特发性和继发性血小板减少性紫癜B.血友病,缺铁性贫血C.血小板无力症,血小板功能障碍D.遗传性毛细血管扩张症,血管性血友病36.狄克(Duke)法,出血时间测定正常参考值是：( )A.2-6分钟B.1-2分钟C.2-7分钟D.1-3分钟37.血小板表面相关抗体和补体测定对原发性血小板减少性紫癜的诊断意义,下列错误的是( )A.PAIgG,M,A均可增高B.PAC3也可增高C.是特异性试验D.是非特异性试验38.平均血小板体积(MPV)测定结果减少时,见于下列哪项疾病：( )A.Wiskott-Aldrich综合征B.May-Hegglin异常C.原发性血小板减少性紫癜D.血小板增多症39.决定出血时间长短的因素是下列哪一项：( )A.因子Ⅷ和Ⅻ减少B.血小板数量和功能异常C.因子和Ⅱ减少D.因子XⅢ和Ⅻ减少40.出血时间延长见于下列哪种疾病：( )A.血小板减少性紫癜B.过敏性紫癜C.血友病甲D.血友病乙41.经反复检查末梢血液血小板低于下列哪项数值方算作血小板减少：( )A.<120×10↑<9>/LB.<115×10↑<9>/LC.<110×10↑<9>/LD.<100×10↑<9>/L42.原发性血小板减少性紫癜患者作有关的实验室检查时,下列结果哪一项是不符合的：( )A.出血时间延长B.血小板计数减少C.凝血酶原时间延长D.血块收缩不良43.下列哪组检查结果符合原发性血小板减少紫癜的诊断：( )A.出血时间正常,凝血时间及凝血酶原时间延长B.血小板计数正常,血块退缩良好,凝血时间正常C.血小板计数减少,血块退缩不良,出血时间延长D.纤维蛋白原减少,凝血酶时间及凝血酶原时间延长44.原发性血小板减少性紫癜的特征,下列哪项是错误的：( )A.外周血血小板减少B.血小板表面结合有抗血小板抗体C.血小板寿命缩短D.临床出血症状不常见于皮肤和粘膜45.原发性血小板减少性紫癜,下列哪一项检查指标是错的：( )A.血小板减少及出血时间延长B.束臂试验阳性C.血块收缩不良D.凝血时间延长46.下列哪项是抗血小板抗体的相应抗原：( )A.IgMB.IgAC.GP Ⅱb/Ⅲa或GP ID.C3C447.下列哪项疾病属于自发性血小板增多：( )A.炎症性疾病B.骨髓增生性疾病C.恶性肿瘤D.脾切除48.骨髓增生性疾病的发病机理与下列哪一项有关：( )A.骨髓造血干细胞克隆异常B.骨髓细胞增生异常C.造血功能异常D.免疫功能异常49.原发性血小板增多症患者作血小板功能测定时,不会出现哪种变化：( )A.对胶原的反应减低B.血小板致密颗粒减少C.血浆中VWF活性减低D.血小板膜α-肾上腺素能受体减少50.原发性血小板增多症的临床表现中,下列哪项最为常见：( )A.胃肠道出血B.皮肤、粘膜出血C.脾肿大D.指(趾)小血管栓塞51.引起原发性血小板增多症血栓形成的原因,下列哪项是最重要的：( )A.血小板粘附和聚集功能降低B.血小板释放反应增强C.凝血机理减低D.抗凝血机理减低52.原发性血小板减少性紫癜,PAIgG,PAIgA,PAIgM和PAC3的水平均可升/高,其中常见的是 ( )A.PAIgGB.PAIgAC.PAIgMD.PAC53.血栓性血小板减少性紫癜形成微血栓的机理,下列哪一项是错误的：( )A.血浆中缺乏血小板聚集因子的抑制物B.机体产生血小板表面相关IgGC.机体产生免疫复合物D.血小板聚集活性减低致血管扩张54.血片上红细胞呈棘形、盔形等异常形态时,可见于下列哪种疾病：( )A.原发性血小板减少性紫癜B.血栓性血小板减少性紫癜C.血小板无力症D.血友病55.下列哪项是慢性型ITP患者骨髓象的主要特点：( )A.骨髓增生活跃或明显活跃B.巨核细胞增多和有成熟障碍现象C.巨核细胞增多和明显左移现象D.血小板巨大,异形和染色深56.诊断ITP最有价值的实验室检查是下列哪一项：( )A.血小极体积增大B.骨髓巨核细胞增生C.血小板转换率加快D.血小板表面相关Ig增高57.血小板表面相关Ig及C3测定对ITP的诊断价值,下列哪一项是正确的是：( )A.阳性率较高,特异性较低B.阳性率较低，特异性较高C.阳性率较高,特异性较高D.阳性率较低,特异性较低58.血小板表面相关Ig的相应抗原是血小板膜上的哪种成分：( )A.磷脂酰丝氨酸和磷脂酰乙醇胺B.磷脂酰肌醇和磷脂酰胆碱C.糖蛋白Ⅱb/Ⅲa和糖蛋白IbD.糖蛋白Ⅲb和糖蛋白V59.ITP病人血清中存在的抗血小板抗体主要是下列哪一项：( )A.IgG1B.IgG2C.IgG3D.IgG460.ITP最主要的发病机理是：( )A.骨髓巨核细胞成熟障碍B.脾吞噬血小板增多C.血小板功能异常D.血清中有抗血小板抗体61.原发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)血小板减少的原因是：( )A.生成减少B.消耗过多C.破坏增加D.分布异常62.患者以皮肤粘膜出血为主要临床表现,应选下列哪一组筛选试验 ( )A.血小板计数,束臂试验,出血时间B.血小板计数,凝血酶时间,出血时间C.活化部分凝血活酶,凝血酶原及凝血酶时间D.纤维蛋白原,血块收缩,血小板计数63.做PAgT时,试验前一周内病人禁服阿司匹林类药物其原因下列哪项是对的：( )A.阿司匹林可抑制血小板的释放反应,抑制其聚集B.阿司匹林促使血小板释放反应,抑制其聚集C.阿司匹林根本不影响血小板的释放反应及其聚集D.阿司匹林可减弱血小板的释放反应及聚集64.血小板功能拭验下列哪项是错的：( )A.血块退缩试验(CRT)B.血小板粘附试验(PAdT)C.血小板聚集试验(PagT)D.血小板计数65.随方法不同,血小板粘附试验正常参考值下列哪项是错的：( )A.玻珠法62%土4.7%B.玻珠法50%±4.7%C.玻璃滤器法为37.02%土5.09%D.旋转法为37.06%土5.09%66.血小板计数下列哪项为正常参考范围：( )A.100-300×10↑<9>/LB.50-100×10↑<9>/LC.100-300×10↑<12>/LD.100-300×10↑<6>/L67.下列哪一项是发现血小板无力症的最简便试验：( )A.血涂片上血小板分散不堆集B.血小板聚集试验减低,但对Ristocetin有反应C.血块收缩不良D.单克隆抗体(J15,SW21)证实缺乏GPⅡb/Ⅲa68.下列哪种疾病,不会出现血块收缩不良的结果：( )A.血小板减少症B.血小板无力症C.血友病D.低纤维蛋白原血症69.血块收缩不良见于下列哪种疾病：( )A.巨大血小板综合征B.血小板无力症C.血小板第3因子缺乏症D.血小板α颗粒缺乏症70.血浆血栓素B2和6-酮-PGFlα测定结果的变化,下列哪项是正确的：( )A.前者增高,后者降低,临床有血栓形成B.前者降低,后者增高,临床有血栓形成C.二者均增高,临床有血栓形成D.二者均降低,临床有血栓形成71.血小板粘附率和血小板聚集率的变化对诊断下列哪种疾病是正确的：( )A.两者均增高见于血管性血友B.两者均减低见于血小板无力症C.前者增高,后者减低见于原发性血小板增多症D.前者减低,后者增高见于原发性血小板减少症72.血小板粘附率降低见于下列哪一种疾病 ( )A.巨大血小板综合征B.心肌梗塞C.糖尿病D.缺血性中风73.获得性血小板功能异常症,下列哪项检查结果是错误的：( )A血时间延长和血小板数减低 B.血小板粘附和聚集功能减退C.血小板第3因子有效性减低D.血块收缩正常74.获得性血小板功能异常症常见于下列哪种疾病：( )A.尿毒症B.肝疾病C.骨髓增生性疾病D.应用抗血小板药物75.诊断致密颗粒缺乏症下列哪项是错误的：( )A.血小板有I级聚集反应而缺乏Ⅱ级聚集反应B.血小板花生四烯酸代谢正常C.血小板致密颗粒正常,释放反应增多D.血小板α颗正常及其释放产物正常76.血小板第3因子缺乏症,下列哪一项是错误的：( )A.血小板粘附试验正常B.血小板聚集试验正常C.血小板第3因子有效性增加D.血小板释放反应正常77.下列哪一项是发现巨大血小板综合征的最简便试验：( )A.血涂片上体积巨大(如小淋巴细胞)的血小板>50%B.体内外血小板粘附试验减低C.血小板聚集试验正常,但对Ristocetin无反应D.单克隆抗体(AN51,SW2)证实缺乏GPI678.下列哪一项检查结果不符合血小板无力症的诊断：( )A.出血时间延长B.血小板数减少C.血片上血小板无堆集状态D.血小板粘附率及聚集率减低79.诊断血小板无力症的佐证是：( )A.血涂片上血小板分散不堆集B.血小板聚集试验减低,但对Ristocetin有反应C.血块收缩不良D.二单克隆抗体(J15SW2121)证实缺乏GPⅡb/Ⅱa80.凝血时间测定,下列哪种方法最敏感：( )A.普通试管法B.活化凝血时间法C.毛细血管法D.玻卉法81.下列哪一项复合物来源,性质和功能是完全不同的两部分组成：( )A.血小板膜糖蛋白Ⅱb和Ⅲb复合物B.凝血因子XⅢa和XⅢbC.凝血因子Ⅺa与ⅪbD.因子VWF：Ag和Ⅷ：C复合物82.关于蝰蛇毒下列哪项是正确的：( )A.是一种强烈的因子Ⅶ激活剂B.是一种强烈的因子X激活剂C.是一种强烈的因子Ⅻ激活剂D.与Ca2+无关83.患者凝血酶原时间(PT)延长,提示下列哪一组凝血因子缺陷：( )A.因子Ⅷ,Ⅸ,ⅪB.因子XⅢ,Ⅻ,ⅪC.因子Ⅱ,V,Ⅶ,ID.因子V,Ⅶ,Ⅷ84.活化部分凝血活酶时间测定是下列哪一种性质的试验：( )A.共同途径凝血因子筛选试验B.DIC确诊试验C.内源性凝血因子筛选试验D.外源性凝血因子筛选试验85.下列哪种叙述是正确的：( )A.凝血时间较复钙时间测定敏感准确B.复钙时间较凝血时间测定敏感准确C.两者均敏感正确D.两者均不敏感准确86.凝血酶原时间延长可见于下列几种情况,但除了( )A.严重肝病,阻塞性黄疸B.维生素K缺乏,纤维蛋白原减少或缺乏症C.弥散性血管内凝血(DIC),血液中有抗凝物质D.血友病87.某患者诊断重症肝炎,皮肤瘀斑及鼻阻,消化道出血,实验室检查有关出血性疾病试验结果是PT及APTT均延长,此结果提示下列哪组凝血因子有缺陷：( )A.因子Ⅷ,Ⅸ,Ⅺ,ⅫB.因子Ⅱ,Ⅶ,Ⅸ,XC.因子Ⅶ,X,V,ⅡD.因子Ⅲ,V,Ⅶ88.疑为血友病患者,首选常用的筛选试验是下列哪一个：( )A.复钙时间B.凝血时间C.活化部分凝血活酶时间D.活化凝血时间89.毛细血管脆性试验阳性可见于下述疾病,但除外 ( )A.过敏性紫癜B.血友病C.血小板减少性紫癜D.遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张症90.下列哪项组合是错误的：( )A.血管壁异常,束臂试验阳性B.DIC早期,3P试验阳性C.甲型血友病,APTT延长D.血小板减少性紫癜,血块收缩良好91.下列哪项组合是错的：( )A.血友病时,活化部分凝血活酶时间延长B.严重肝病时,凝血酶原时间延长C.继发性DIC早期,3P阳性D.原发性血小板减少紫癜时凝血酶消耗试验正常92.有一肝病患者,临床表现皮肤瘀斑,龈血,鼻衄,消化道出血,你选择下列哪组筛选试验 ( )A.血小板计数,凝血酶原时间,APTT,TTB.阿司匹林耐量试验,束臂试验,出血时间测定C.血小板计数,凝血酶时间,纤维蛋白原D.凝血时间(CT),复钙时间测定93.受检血浆凝血酶时间及蕲蛇酶时间皆延长则表明 ( )A.有肝素或类肝素物质存在B.有FDP或异常纤维蛋白原存在C.因子Ⅱ,V缺乏D.因子X,Ⅶ,Ⅱ缺乏94.测定受检血浆中有否肝素或类肝素物质存在,常用的试验是：( )A.蕲蛇酶时间测定B.蝰蛇毒试验C.甲苯胺蓝纠正试验D.凝血酶原纠正试验95.受检血浆的凝血酶时间（TT）延长,可被甲苯胺蓝纠正则表明：( )A.因子Ⅷ,Ⅸ,Ⅺ缺乏B.因子Ⅱ,V,Ⅶ缺乏C.有肝素或类肝素物质存在D.有FDP或异常纤维蛋白原存在96.血管性假血友病实验室诊断敏感性高,特异性强的是下列哪一项：( )A.BT延长B.VWF：Ag减低C.SDS-凝胶电泳检出VWF多聚体结构异常D.RIPA及ⅧR：Rcof测定减低97.蕲蛇酶时间或爬虫酶时间测定时,以下哪项是正确的：( )A.两者都不受肝素和类肝素物质的影响B.两者都受肝素和类肝素物质的影响C.蕲蛇酶时间受肝素影响而不受类肝素物质影响D.爬虫酶不受肝素影响而受类肝素物质的影响98.凝血时间明显延长见于下列哪组疾病：( )A.甲、乙型血友病B.过敏性紫癜,原发性血小板减少性紫癜C.胆结石和阻塞性黄疸D.白血病,再生障碍性贫血99.某出血性疾病患者,实验室检查结果是:PT正常,APTT延长,APTT延长不被新鲜血清纠正,而被硫酸钡吸附血浆纠正,此结果提示患者是：( )A.血友病甲B.血友病乙C.因子Ⅺ缺乏症D.维生素K缺乏症100.某女性患者,二周来牙龈出血及月经过多,伴有低热及间歇性头痛,实验室检查结果是:Hb 80g/L,网织红细胞10%,血小板计数20×10↑<9>/L,白细胞11×10↑<9>/L,出凝血时间正常,凝血酶原13S(对照12S),APTT45S(对照30S),尿液和肾功能异常,试问该病例可能是：( )A.原发性血小板减少性紫癜B.弥慢性血管内凝血C.血栓性血小板减少性紫癜D.过敏性紫癜。

2023年6月英语四级真题第2套Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions:Suppose the student union of your university is organizing an online discussion on interpersonal relationships. You are to write an essay on ways to maintain a warm and friendly relationship with your classmates and on the benefits of such a relationship. You will have 30 minutes for the task. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) A man was bitten by a snake. C) A man kept a 4-foot snake as a pet.B) A man was taken to a hospital. D) A man fell off his toilet seat.2. A) Where the snake had been taken. C) How the snake was captured.B) Whether the snake was infected. D) Who owned the snake.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) Taking her trash out in fancy dresses. C) Sharing her photos with famous movie stars.B) Amusing herself by going to ball parties. D) Posting her daughter's photos on social media.4. A) To make herself popular. C) To please her daughter.B) To amuse people. D) To record her achievements.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) Eat as much as they want for $10. C) Have a meal even if they have no money.B) Have a chance of winning a $ 100 prize. D) Get a free meal after answering some questions.6. A) It was brought up by two staffers. C) It originated from a donation to her staff.B) It helped to popularize her restaurant. D) It was suggested by some of her customers.7. A) Fifty customers have offered donations. C) Many people have come to eat at the restaurant.B) More people have been giving than taking. D) Most staffers have received messages of kindness. Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) He is a psychologist. C) He is a host for a TV program.B) He is a famous writer. D) He is a primary school teacher.9. A) Why social media accounts vanish without a trace.B) Why parents raise their children in different ways.C) Why people fail to respond to emails promptly.D) Why friends break off contact all of a sudden.10. A) They simply shut themselves down. C) They scream to get their parents back.B) They avoid showing their emotions. D) They attempt to ignore the whole situation.11. A) They may regard any difference as the end of a relationship.B) They are on better terms with friends and romantic partners.C) They try to express their feelings and thoughts effectively.D) They attach more value to their relationships with others.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Their price. C) Their quality.B) Their color. D) Their design.13. A) Jeans are a typical American garment.B). America makes the best-known brands of jeans.C) America has the best weaving tools in the world.D) Jeans are available in a greater variety in America.14. A) They are artificial. C) They are unique.B) They are natural. D) They are special.15. A) They are for casual wearing. C) They are much too pricey.B) They are popular with boys. D) They are worth the price.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passages and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) He desires more in life. C) He feels as inspired as other audience members.B) He wants to see it again. D) He longs to become a superstar himself.17. A) It is rather unrealistic. C) It is somewhat complicated.B) It is extremely artistic. D) It is relatively predictable.18. A) They are biased against women. C) They are full of shootings.B) They are basically misleading. D) They are too simple.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) It can highlight leadership. C) It is a means to inspire creative thinking.B) It can help connect people. D) It is an intuitive way to solidify friendship.20. A) Allow them to recite data points. C) Enable them to remember the main idea.B) Make them more open to learning. D) Stimulate them to engage in discussions.21. A) Inspire listeners' imagination. C) Convey fundamental values.B) Enrich their own experience. D) Explain insightful ideas.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) Immigrants outnumber U.S.-born Americans.B) Immigrants have been contributing to the U.S.C) Another wave of immigrants is hitting the U.S.D) The number of immigrants to the U.S. is declining.23. A) More of them expect their children to succeed in business.B) They have fewer chances to be hired by U.S. companies.C) They have founded most Fortune 500 companies.D) More of them are successful business people.24. A) They have higher installment loan debt than native-born Americans.B) Nineteen percent of them borrow money from friends and family.C) Their level of debt is lower than that of native-born Americans.D) Thirty-four percent of them use credit for their daily purchases.25. A) Keep their traditional values and old habits. C) Borrow money from financial institutions.B) Find employment in competitive businesses. D) Collaborate with native-born Americans.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirection s: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Morocco is responding to increasing energy demands by setting up one of the largest solar plants in the world.The Noor solar power station is ___26___ in the city of Ouarzazate and, once completed, will generate 580 million watts of electricity. The World Bank estimates it will serve 1.1 million people. It's ___27___ to be completed soon.Morocco's current energy comes ___28___ from imports. The nation hopes to get 50 percent of its energy from renewable sources by 2030. With demand for energy ___29___ at an annual rate of 7 percent, the new solar plant could be a ___30___ part of that goal."This makes Morocco a big ___31___ in the field of solar energy in the Arab region and the African continent. It could also be a forerunner for many other countries in the world that ___32___ on foreign imports of energy," said Ali Hajji, a solar energy specialist and engineering professor.Experts believe that the Middle East and North Africa have huge ___33___ for solar energy projects. This is partly because of adequate sunlight and partly because technology has become more ___34___ in the region."The last few years have seen a realization of ___35___ how competitive solar technologies can be," said Michael Taylor, a senior analyst at the International Renewable Energy Agency.A) affordable I) mostlyB) ancestor J) operatingC) crucial K) perhapsD) depend L) pioneerE) initial M) potentialF) insist N) risingG) just O) scheduledH) locatedSection BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by making the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.New Formula One Chief Hopes to Grab Americans' AttentionA) For the past four decades, the leader of Formula One car racing, one of the biggest annual sporting seriesin the world, was Bernie Ecclestone, a former motorcycle parts dealer who built it into an international presence essentially on his own.B) A skilled backroom operator who speaks without a filter, Ecclestone said often that in his opinion, thesport was at its best when he was allowed to act as "a dictator.”C) Yet now the dictator is gone. After an American company, Liberty Media, acquired the Formula Onecompetition recently, Chase Carey—a former executive with Fox Broadcasting Company and DirecTV who by his own admission is not a fierce racing fan—was named to replace Ecclestone and to try to renovate the organization's management, reach and ambition.D) Among the goals, Carey said in an interview on Tuesday, is one that just about every global sport seemsinterested in chasing: increasing interest in the United States. "People have said we're going to "Americanize' it," Carey said. "And we're not going to do that totally. But realistically, there are some elements of Americanization that the sport could use."E) While Formula One commands enormous audiences throughout much of the world, many Americansports fans know it as that other motorsport, the one that is not Nascar (纳斯卡车赛). Formula One teams race far more technologically advanced vehicles around tracks all over the world-in magnificent events in places like Malaysia, Monaco, Singapore and the United Arab Emirates, and on tradition-rich tracks like Silverstone in England and Monza in Italy too.F) The series has an annual race in Austin, Texas. But within "a few years," Carey said, he plans to bringanother to a destination American city, like New York, Los Angeles, Miami or Las Vegas. Carey's ambitious plan is two-fold: first, change the business model of Formula One, which he said was a "one-man show" under Ecclestone that had a largely narrow vision when it came to negotiating partnership deals; and second, alter the way fans experience the sport, both in person and remotely, so that connections between the audience and people within the series are easier to make.G) Increased digital access for fans, a more behind-the-scenes experience for broadcast viewers andinnovation in areas like virtual reality-what is it like to speed around a track inside a Ferrari?-are among the possibilities. "The sport has clearly been underserved," Carey said. "It doesn't do anything digitally.There's no marketing. It doesn't tell any stories. The goal in this is to make the fans connect to the live experience as much as possible, and the tools you have to do that, we're not using at all."H) The larger question, though, is a familiar one: Is there room for Formula One in the ever-crowded sportslandscape of the United States? Opinions vary, particularly because viewing habits among consumers continue to evolve. John Bloom, a professor at Shippensburg University who has studied American sports history, said the biggest challenge for any sport trying to increase its presence in the United States was framing itself in a way that had lasting appeal. "Sports generally become popular in some way because they establish a narrative," Bloom said. "When I think of motorsports in the U.S., what we allthink of is Nascar, and the narrative of Nascar is sort of rural, white, working-class Americans, mostly in the South, connecting with the atmosphere of those races. That's the narrative. When I think of the narrative of Formula One, it's a very different kind of audience."I) That difference, Carey said, is significant. While some might immediately link Formula One to Nascar interms of American growth, Carey said Formula One's brand research had indicated there was very little crossover; rather, Formula One fans generally cite other so-called elite events, like Wimbledon or the Ryder Cup, as competitions they enjoy. "Other than they're both cars, the Nascar fan base is a very different fan base," Carey said. "It's a very regional fan base. Formula One is a global, famous brand of stars. These are machines that shock and awe you."J) Carey's background is in deal making and innovation. At Fox Broadcasting Company, he was a top advisor for years, known for his skill in helping to lead the launch of the company into sports, as well as the start of Fox News Channel. After going to DirecTV, he positioned the satellite provider as a mainstream option in millions of households.K) Now, after Liberty Media paid $4.4 billion to acquire Formula One, he is charged with making the investment pay off. "I think they can build Formula One in the U.S.," said Patrick Crakes, an executive at In Vivo Media Group who spent 25 years at Fox Broadcasting Company before leaving in 2016 as a senior manager at Fox Sports. "People don't work on their cars anymore. They don't want that connection anymore. It's about technology and pushing the limits. It's about speed, danger and risk. And Formula One has that more than any other racing series."L) That is what hooked Carey, and he said he thought his experience was not unusual. He recalled attending Formula One's Monaco race last year and being overwhelmed by the ceremony leading up to the event, the way the race charmed the city for days ahead of the start. In his mind, it felt like a Super Bowl （超级碗橄榄球赛).M) Then, on race day, he watched as the cars rocketed out of a tunnel and went screaming toward a tight turn with the city's harbor and the Mediterranean Sea in the background framing the scene. He was fascinated."You can't help but be awed," he said, "and I think that feeling can be translated to the viewer."N) He added: "The broader sport is a little too inward-looking, and we need to be more open. In some ways, I'm glad to be coming from the outside. The guys who are in the sport forever are sitting there saying: 'We can't do that. We can't do that because it's never been done that way.""36. Chase Carey believes greater use should be made of digital technology to make Formula One moreaccessible to its fans.37. Chase Carey was deeply impressed by the ceremony preceding last year's Monaco race.38. One of Chase Carey's goals is to make Formula One more appealing to Americans.39. A former motorbike parts dealer led Formula One for the past forty years.40. Chase Carey thought the audience of Formula One could be made to share his feeling about the race.41. Chase Carey used to serve as a top advisor for a major broadcasting company.42. Chase Carey intends to make connections easier between the audience and the Formula One racers.43. The new leader of Formula One admitted he was not super interested in car racing.44. People's opinions differ as to whether Formula One can be promoted in the U.S.45. Compared with other racing series, Formula One focuses more on speed and involves more danger.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Supermarkets have long been suffering as one of the thinnest-margined businesses in existence and one of the least-looked-forward-to places to work or visit. For more than a decade, they have been under attack from e-commerce giants, blamed for making Americans fat, and accused of contributing to climate change.Supermarkets can technically be defined as giants housing 15,000 to 60,000 different products. The revolutionary idea of a self-service grocery, where people could hunt and gather food from aisles rather than asking a clerk to fetch items from behind a counter, first came about in America. There is some debate about which was the very first, but over the years a consensus has built around King Kullen Supermarket, founded in New York in 1930.For some 300 years, Americans had fed themselves from small stores and public markets. Shopping for food involved mud, noisy chickens, clouds of flies, nasty smells, bargaining, and getting short-changed. The supermarket imitated the Fordist factory, with its emphasis on efficiency and standardization, and reimagined it as a place to buy food. Supermarkets may not feel cutting-edge now, but they were a revolution in distribution at the time. They were such strange marvels that, on her first official state visit to the United States in 1957, Queen Elizabeth II insisted on an impromptu (即兴的)tour of a suburban-Maryland Giant Food.The typical supermarket layout has barely changed over the past 90 years. Most stores open with flowers, fruit and vegetables at the front as a breath of freshness to arouse our appetite. Meanwhile, they keep the milk, eggs, and other daily basics all the way back so you'll travel through as much of the store as possible, and be tempted along the way.In the early days, as the supermarket multiplied, so did our suspicion of it. We have long feared that this "revolution in distribution" uses corporate black magic on our appetite. The book The Hidden Persuaders, published in 1957, warned that supermarkets were putting women in a "hypnoidal trance (催眠恍惚状态)," causing them to wander aisles bumping into boxes and "picking things off shelves at random."46. What problem have supermarkets been facing?A) They are actually on the way to bankruptcy.C) They are forced to use e-commerce strategies.B) They have been losing customers and profits.D) They have difficulty adapting to climate change.47. What does the passage say about the idea of a self-service grocery?A) It was put forward by King Kullen. C) It has been under constant debate.B) It originated in the United States. D) It proves revolutionary even today.48. What did supermarkets do by adopting the Fordist factory approach?A) They modernized traditional groceries in many ways.B) They introduced cutting-edge layout of their stores.C) They improved the quality of the food they sold.D) They revolutionized the distribution of goods.49. What is the typical supermarket layout intended to do?A) Arouse customers' appetite to buy flowers, fruit and vegetables.B) Provide customers easy access to items they want to buy.C) Induce customers to make more unplanned purchases.D) Enable customers to have a more enjoyable shopping experience.50. What have people long feared about supermarkets?A) They use tricky strategies to promote their business.B) They are going to replace the local groceries entirely.C) They apply corporate black magic to the goods on display.D) They take advantage of the weaknesses of women shoppers.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.The traditional school year, with three months of vacation every summer, was first implemented when America was an agricultural society and the summer months were needed for farm work. Since then, we've completely changed as a nation. Students no longer spend summers farming, but they aren't in school, either. The average American student receives 13 weeks off from school each calendar year-with about 11 of those during the summer. Few other countries have more than seven weeks off in a school calendar.With the U.S. lagging behind other countries in academics, it's time to consider year-round schooling. One benefit of this change is that students will not fall victim to the "summer slide," or the well-documented phenomenon where students forget some of the knowledge they have acquired when too much time is taken off from school. Decades of research shows that it can take from 8 to 13 weeks at the beginning of every school year for students to get back to where they were before the summer holiday.But year-round schooling isn't just about academics. Teachers and students experience a closer relationship in year-round schools than they do in traditional schools and, in the absence of any long-term break, students do not feel detached from the school environment. These closer bonds and greater attachment pay off. Research shows that students in year-round schools are more self-confident and feel more positive about their schooling experience.But don't kids need time to relax? Some childhood development experts believe that time off from school is vital to healthy development as kids are not designed to spend so much of their time inside classrooms and the summer break provides a perfect opportunity to get outside. The problem with this argument is that most children aren't playing outside or even spending time with other kids. While some children visit summer camps, most stay at home, watching TV or playing games on electronic devices, which hardly benefits them.The U.S. has changed from a farming economy to a knowledge- and innovation-based economy, so it makes sense for the school year to change as well.51. Why did America's traditional school year have a three-month summer vacation?A) Students needed to help with farm work.B) Students needed time to learn necessary farming skills.C) The agricultural society then attached less importance to academics.D) America lagged behind other countries in making a scientific school calendar.52. What benefit will year-round schooling bring students in addition to improving their learning?A) It will help them get back to where their lessons started.B) It will enable them to absorb what they have learned.C) It will familiarize them with the school environment.D) It will strengthen their relationship with teachers.53. What do some childhood development experts believe about the long summer vacation?A) It meets students' need to study on their own.B) It enables students to learn about the outside world.C) It satisfies students' desire to stay longer at home.D) It contributes to students' healthy growth.54. What is the argument against the experts' idea of a long summer vacation?A) It does little good to most students.B) It benefits few students playing outside.C) It leads students to neglect their studies.D) It makes students addicted to computer games.55. What does the author think of the traditional school year in the U.S. today?A) Well-grounded. C) Outdated.B) Culture-bound. D) Welcomed.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.改革开放40多年以来,中国政府对高等教育越来越重视,高等教育已经进入稳步发展阶段。

无人机驾驶员、机长模拟试题（二）1、近程无人机活动半径在______（1 分）A．小于15km B．15~50km C．200~800km2、近程无人机活动半径在______以内（1 分）A.15kmB.15-50kmC.50-200km3、按照飞行高度区分，以下属于高空飞行的是______（1 分）A．4500米(含)至9000米(含)B．8000米(含)至12000米(含)C．6000米(含)至12000米(含)4、飞控子系统必须具备如下功能：______（1 分）A.无人机姿态稳定与控制，无人机飞行管理，应急控制B.无人机飞行管理，与导航子系统协调完成航迹控制，信息收集与传递C.无人机起飞与着陆控制，无人机飞行管理，信息收集与传递5、地面控制站飞行参数综合显示的内容包括______（1 分）A.飞行与导航信息、数据链状态信息、设备状态信息、指令信息B.导航信息显示、航迹绘制显示以及地理信息的显示C.飞行与导航信息、数据链状信息、地图航迹显示6、______主要是由飞行操纵、任务载荷控制、数据链路控制和通信指挥库等组成，可完成对无人机机载任务载荷等的操纵控制。

（1 分）A．指挥处理中心B．无人机控制站C．载荷控制站7、指挥控制与______是无人机地面站的主要功能（1 分）A.导航B. 任务规划C. 飞行视角显示8、地面站地图航迹显示系统可为无人机驾驶员提供飞行器______等信息（1 分）A.飞行姿态B. 位置C. 飞控状态9、空域是航空器运行的环境，也是宝贵的国家资源。

国务院、中央军委十分重视我国民用航空交通管制的建设工作，目前正在推进空域管理改革，预计划分三类空域，为_____。

（1 分）A．管制空域、监视空域和报告空域B．管制空域、非管制空域和报告空域C．管制空域、非管制空域和特殊空域10、在一个划定的管制空域内，由______负责该空域内的航空器的空中交通管制（1 分）A 军航或民航的一个空中交通管制单位B 军航和民航的各一个空中交通管制单位C 军航的一个空中交通管制单位11、机场标高指着陆区______的标高。

2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新高考全国Ⅱ卷）语文本试卷满分150分，考试用时150分钟。

一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读I（本题共5小题，19分）阅读下面的文字，完成1~5题。

材料一：中国学者进入典籍英译领域时间相对较晚，据现有汉学书目统计，中国典籍译本绝大多数是由西方汉学家或独立、或在中国合作者帮助下完成的。

传教士以降的西方译者为中国典籍的异域传播做出了不可磨灭的贡献，但以往的西方译者翻译中国文化典籍时，大多采取迎合译语读者的翻译策略，翻译过程中曲解、误译中国文化之处比比皆是。

此外，中国古代经典文本的语言具有语义的浑圆性、语法的意合性和修辞的空灵性这三大特点，使得绝大多数外国学习者难以在较短的时间内触及中华文化的内核。

然而，典籍英译的主要目的，是向西方世界介绍真正的中国传统文化，促进中西文化交流和发展，让西方了解真正的中国。

我们应当客观、公正地看待中国典籍翻译实践和接受之间的窘况与差距，从典籍翻译大家身上汲取翻译的智慧，获取前行的指导和力量。

在这方面，对杨宪益、戴乃迭（英国籍）合译的与英国人霍克斯翻译的《红楼梦》译本的比较，是一个值得我们静下心来认真思考的课题。

这两个译本于20世纪70年代出版，三位译者皆因此获得巨大声誉，也同时掀起了翻译界此后对两种译本经久不息的对比研究热潮。

在这过程中，我们应深入了解中国典籍的外译事实，客观分析两种译本的优长与不足，将中国的本土经验和理论与西方翻译理论相结合，取其精华，让中国的翻译研究与实践在传承和发展的良性循环中获得升华，在实践中不断培养和提高我们讲述中国故事、构建中国话语体系的时代能力。

（摘编自辛红娟《中国典籍“谁来译”》）材料二：翻译思想是决定译者翻译行为和翻译结果的主因，只有通过其翻译思想，读者才能理解其翻译过程中所采取的种种策略，也才能对这些策略所产生的译文进行更客观的评价。

从霍克思的译本中可见，他对原文采取了大多时候“忠实不渝”、间或背信弃“意”的态度。