中英对照.A Modest Proposal, by Dr. Jonathan Swift

Chapter 1 文艺复兴时期I. Edmund SpenserEpithalamion 贺新婚曲The Faerie Queene 仙后选文为The Faerie QueeneII．Christopher MarloweTamburlaine 铁木耳转Dr. Faustus 浮士德悲剧The Jew of Malta 马乐他岛的犹太人Edward II 爱德华二世Hero and Leander 海洛与勒安德尔选文为Dr. Faustus ； The Passionate Shepherd to His LoveIII. William ShakespeareRape of Lucrece 鲁克斯受辱记Venus and Adonis 维纳斯与安东尼斯Titus Andronicus 泰托斯安东尼The Comedy of Errors 错误的喜剧The Two Gentlemen of Veroma 维洛那二绅士The Taming of the Shrew 驯悍记Love’s Labour’s Lost爱的徒劳Richard II 理查二世King John 约翰王Henry IV, Parts I and II, Henry VSix Comedies:A Midsummer Night’s Dream 仲夏夜之梦The Merchant of Venice 威尼斯商人Much Ado About Nothing 无事无非As You Like It 皆大欢喜Twelfth Night 第十二夜The Merry Wise of Windsor 温莎的风流娘儿们Two Tragedies:Romeo and Juliet 罗米欧与朱丽叶Julius Caesar 凯撒HamletOthelloKing LearMacbethAntony and Cleopatra 安东尼与克里佩特拉Troilus and Cressida, and Coriolanus 特洛伊勒斯与克利西达All’ Well That Ends Well (comedy) 终成成眷属Measure for Measure (comedy) 一报还一报Pericles 伯里克利Cymbeline 辛白林The Winter’s Tale冬天的故事The Tempest 暴风雨Henry VIIIThe Two Noble Kinsmen两位贵族亲戚选文为Sonnet 18; The Merchant of Venice; HamletIV. Francis BaconThe Advancement of Learning 论科学的价值与发展Novum Organum 新工具Apophthagmes New and Old 新旧格言录The History of the Reign of Henry VIIThe New Atlantis 新大西岛Maxims of Law 法律原理The Learning Reading upon the Statute of Uses法令使用读书选文Of StudiesV. John DonneThe Elegies and Satires 挽歌与十四行诗The Songs and Sonnets 歌谣与十四行诗Holy Sonnets 圣十四行诗A Hymns to God the Father 给圣父的赞美诗选文The Rising Sun; Death Be Not ProudVI. John MiltonParadise Lost 失乐园Paradise Regain 复乐园Samson Agonistes力士参孙Lycidas 利西达斯Areopagitica 论出版自由Chapter 2 新古典主义时期I． John BunyanThe Pilgrim’s Progress 天路历程Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners 罪人头目的赫免The Life and Death of Mr. Badman 拜德门先生生死录The Holy War 圣战选文The Vanity Fair (from the The Pilgrim’s Progress)II． Alexander PopeThe Dunciad 群愚史诗An Essay on Criticism 论批评The Rape of the Lock 夺发记选文An Essay on CriticismIII. Daniel DefoeRobinson Crusoe 鲁宾逊漂流记Captain Singleton 辛立顿船长Moll Flanders 莫尔弗兰德斯Colonel Jack 杰克上校A Journal of the Plague Year 灾疫之年的日记Roxana 罗克萨那选文Robinson CrusoeIV. Jonathan SwiftA Tale of Tub 木桶传The Battle of the Books 书籍的战斗Gulliver’s Travels 格列弗游记A Modest Proposal 一个小小的建议The Drapier’s Letters 布商的书信选文Gulliver’s TravelsV. Henry FieldingThe Coffee House Politician 咖啡屋的政治家The Tragedy of the Tragedies 悲剧中的悲剧The Historical Register for the Year 1736 1736历史年鉴The History of the Adventures of Joseph Andrews and of his friend Mr. Abraham Adams, Written in Imitation of the Manner of CervantesThe History of Jonathan Wild the Great 大伟人江奈生翻乐德传The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling 汤姆琼斯The History of Amelia 阿米亚选文为Tom JonesVI. Samuel JohnsonPoems:LondonThe Vanity of Human Wishes 人生希望多空幻The History of Rasselas, Price of Abyssinia (a romance)阿比西尼亚王子的故事Irene (a tragedy) 艾琳The Ramble and The Idler 漫游者和闲散者Lives of PoetsA Dictionary of the English Language选文To the Right Honorable the Earl of ChesterfieldVII. Richard Brinsley SheridanThe Rival 情敌The School for Scandal 造谣学校St. Patrick’s Day圣特帕里克节日Scheming Lieutenant 诡计多端的中尉The Duenna 少女的监护人The Critic 批评家Pizarro 比扎罗选文The School for ScandalVIII． Thomas GrayElegy Written in a Country Churchyard 写在教堂墓地的挽歌Ode on a Spring 春之颂Ode on a Distant Prospect of Eton College 伊顿远眺Ode on the Death of a Favourite Cat 爱猫之死颂Hymn to Adversity 逆境颂选文Elegy Written in a Country ChurchyardChapter III 浪温主义时期I． William BlakePoetic Sketches 诗歌扎记The Songs of Innocence 天真之歌The Songs of Experience 经验之歌Marriage of Heaven and Hell 天堂与地狱联姻The Book of Urizen 尤里曾的书The Book of Los 洛斯的书The Four Zoas 四个成熟的个体Milton 弥尔顿选文The Chimney Sweeper (from Songs of Innocence); The TygerII. William WordsworthLyrical Ballads (抒情歌谣集)The PreludeThe ExcursionWorshipper of Nature (The Sparr,w’s Nest, To a Skylark, To the Cuckoo, To a Butterfly,I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud, An Evening Walking, My Heartn Leaps up, Tintern Abbey)选文：I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud, Composed upon Westminster Bridge, She Dwelt Among the Untrodden Ways, The Solitary ReaperIII. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeLyrical BalladsThe Rime of the Ancient Mariner （古舟子咏）Kubla Khan （忽必烈汗）This Lime Free Bower My Prison （酸橙树亭------我的监牢）Frost at Midnight 午夜霜The Nightingale 夜莺Biographia Literaria 文学传记选文Kubla KhanIV． George Grodon ByronHours of Idleness 闲散的时光Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage恰尔德哈罗德游记Oriented Tales 东方化的传奇The Prisoner of Chillon 锡庸的囚徒Manfred 曼弗雷德Don Juan 唐璜Cain 该隐The Island 岛屿The Vision of Judgment 审判的想象选文Song for the Luddites ; The Isles of Greece (from Don Juan)V. Percy Bysshe ShelleyThe Necessity of Atheism 无神论的必要性Queen Mab: A Philosophical Poem 仙后麦布Alastor, or The Spirit of Solitude 复仇者或隐居者的精神Julian and Maddalo 朱利安与麦达格The Revolt of Islam 伊斯兰的反叛The Cenci 钦契一家The Prometheus Unbound解放了的普罗米修斯Adomais 阿多尼斯Hellas 海娜斯A Defense of Poetry 诗之辩护选文A Song: Men of England; Ode to the West WindVI. John KeatsOn First Looking into Chapman’s HomerEndymionLamia, Isabella, The Eve of St. Agens, and Other Poems (Ode on Melancholy, Ode on a Grecian Urn, Ode to a Nightingale, Ode to Psyche)Lyric masterpiece (To Autumn, Hyperion)选文Ode on a Grecian UrnVII. Jane AustenSense and Sensibility 理智与情感Pride and Prejudice 傲慢与偏见Northanger Abbey 诺桑觉寺Mansfield Park 曼斯菲尔德花园Emma 埃玛Persuasion 劝导The Watsons 屈陈氏一爱Fragment of a Novel 小说的片断Plan of a Novel 小说的计划选文Pride and PrejudiceChapter IV. 维多利亚时期I． Charles DickensSketches by Boz 博兹特写集The Posthumous of the Pickwick Club 皮克威克外传Oliver Twist 雾都孤儿Nicholas Nickleby 尼古拉斯尼克尔贝The Pickwick Paper 皮克威克外传David Copperfield 大卫科波菲尔Martin Chuzzlewit 马丁朱尔述维特Dombey and Son 董贝父子A Tale of Two Cities 双城记Bleak House 荒凉山庄Little Dorrit 小杜丽Hard Times 艰难时世Great Expectations 远大前程Our Mutual Friends 我们共同的朋友The Old Curiosity Shop 老古玩店选文为Oliver TwistII. The Bronte SistersPoem by Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell (Charlotte, Emily, Anne)The Professor (Charlotte) 教师Jane Eyre (Charlotte) 简爱Wuthering Heights (Emily) 呼啸山庄Agnes Grey (Anne) 格雷The Tenant of Wildfell Hall (Anne)野岗庄园房客选文Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte, Wuthering Heights by Emily BronteIII. Alfred TennysonPoems by Two Brothers 两兄弟诗集Poems, Chiefly Lyrical 诗集，主要是抒情诗Poems 诗集The Princess 公主In Memoriam 悼念Idylls of the King 国王叙事集选文Break,Break,Break, Crossing the Bar, UlyssesIV. Robert BrowningPauline 波琳 Sordello 索尔戴洛Dramatic Lyrics 戏剧抒情诗Dramatic Romances and Lyrics 戏剧罗曼史和抒情诗Bells and Pomegranates 铃铛与石榴Men and Women 男人与女人Dramatic Personae 剧中人The Ring and the Book 指环与书Dramatic Idylls 戏剧田园诗选文My Last Duchess, Meeting at Night, Parting at MorningV. George EliotScenes of Clerical Life 教区生活场景Adam Bede 亚当比德The Mill on the Floss 弗洛斯河上的磨坊Romola 罗慕拉Felix holt, the Radical 激进分子菲尼克斯霍尔特Middlemarch 米德尔马契Daniel Deronda 但尼尔狄隆达选文MiddlemarchVI. Thomas HardyTess of the D’Urbervilles苔丝Jude the Obscure 无名的裘德The Dynasts 列后The Return of the Native 还乡The Trumpet Major 号兵长The Mayor of Casterbridge 卡斯特桥市长The Woodlanders 林地居民Under the Greenwood 林间居民Far from the Madding Crowd 远离尘嚣选文Tess of the D’Urbervill esChapter 5 现代主义时期I. George Bernard ShawCashel Byron’s Profession 卡歇尔拜伦的职业Our Theaters in the Nineties 90年代的英国戏剧Widower’s Houses 鳏夫的房产 Candida 堪迪达Mrs. Warren’s Profession 沃伦夫人的职业Caesar and Cleoptra 凯撕与克利奥佩特拉 St. Joan 圣女贞德Back to Methuselah 回归玛士撒拉 Man and Superman人与超人John Bull’s Other Island 约翰布尔的另外岛屿 Pygmalion 茶花女Getting Married 结婚 Misalliance 不合适的媳妇Fanny’s First Play 范尼的第一部戏剧The Doctor’s Dilemma医生的困境Too True to be Good 难以置信选文Mrs. Warren’s ProfessionII. John GalsworthyFrom the Four Winds 来自四位吹奏者The Man of Property 财主 The Silver Box 银盒The Forsyte Saga弗尔赛特三部曲 ( The Man of Property, In Chancery 骑虎难下, To Let 出租)A Modern Comedy 现代喜剧 End of the Chapter 篇章未尾选文The Man of PropertyIII. William Butler YeatsThe Lake of Innisfree 伊尼斯岛 Sailing to Byzantium 驶向拜占庭The Countess Cathleen 女伯爵凯瑟琳 Cathleen ni Houlihan 故里痕的凯瑟琳The Land of Heart’s Desire 心里渴望的地方 The Shadowy Waters 浅水区Purgatory 炼狱选文The Lake of InnisfreeIV. T. S. EliotThe Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock 布鲁富劳克的情歌The Waste Land 荒园 Murder in the Cathedral 教堂里的谋杀The Family Reunion 家人团聚 The Confidential Clerk 机要秘书The Statesmen 政治家 The Cocktail Party鸡尾酒会选文The Love Song of J. Alfred PrufrockV. D. H. LawrenceSons and Lovers 儿子与情人 The White Peacock白孔雀The Trespasser 过客 The Rainbow彩虹Women in Love 恋爱中的女人Aaron’s Rod亚伦神仗Kangaroo 袋鼠 The Plumed Serpent带羽毛的蛇Lady Chatterley’s Lover St. Mawr 圣摩尔The Daughter of the Vicar 主教的女儿The Horse Dealer’s Daughter贩马人的女儿The Captain’s Doll 般长的娃娃 The Prussian Officer 普鲁士军官The Virgin and the Gypsy贞女和吉普塞人Trilogy(A Collier’s Friday Night, 矿工周五的夜晚The Daughter-in-law,儿媳 The Widowing of Mrs. Holroyed 守寡的霍尔伊德夫人选文Sons and LoversVI. James JoyceDubliner 都柏林人 A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man青年艺术家的自画像Ulysses 尤利西斯 Finnegans Wake 为芬尼根守灵选文Dubliner美国文学I． Washington IrvingA History of New York form the Beginning of the World to the End of Dutch Dynasty自古至荷兰占领为止的纽约史The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent 见闻扎记Bracebridge Hall 布雷斯布里奇庄园Tales of a Travel 旅行者的故事The Legend of Sleepy Hollow 睡谷的传说选文Rip Van WinkleII. Ralph Waldo EmersonNature 论自然 Essay 散文集 The American Scholar 论美国学者Self-Reliance 论自信 The Over-Soul 论超灵选文NatureIII. Nathaniel HawthorneMosses from an Old Manse古宅青苔The Snow-Image and Other Twice-Told Tales 雪像和其他故事新编The Scarlet Letter 红字The House of Seven Gables 七个尖角阁的房子The Blithedale Romance 福谷传说 The Marble Faun 大理石雕像选文Young Goodman BrownIV. Walt WhitmanLeaves of Grass选文There Was a Child Went Forth, Cavalry Crossing a Ford, Song of MyselfV. Herman MelvilleTypee 泰比 Omoo 奥穆 Mardi 玛迪Redburn 雷德本 White Jacket 白外衣 Pierre 皮埃尔Confidence-Man 信心人 Moby-Dick 白鲸Billy Budd 比利伯德选文Moby-DickChapter 2 现实主义时期I. Mark TwainAdventures of Huckleberry FinnLife on Mississippi The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County Innocent Abroad 傻瓜出国记 Roughing It 含莘如苦The Adventures of Tom Sawyer The Gilded Age 镀金时代A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court 亚瑟王宫庭中的美国佬The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead Wilson傻瓜威尔逊The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg 败坏哈德莱堡的人The Mysterious Stranger 神秘的陌生人选文Adventures of Huckleberry FinnII. Henry JamesThe American 美国人 Daisy Miller 黛西米勒 The European 欧洲人The Protrait of A Lady 贵妇人的画像 The Bostonians 波士顿人Princess Casamassima 卡撒玛西公主 The Private Life 私生活The Middle Years 中年 The Turn of the Screw 螺丝的拧紧The Beast in the Jungle 丛林猛兽 What Maisie Knows 梅西所知道的The Wings of the Dove 鸽翼 The Ambassadors 大使The Golden Bowl 金碗 The Death of a Lion 狮之死选文Daisy MillerIII. Emily DickinsonIf you were coming in the fallThere came a day Summer’s fullI cannot live with You I’m ceded-I’ve stopped being theirs选文This is my letter to the World, I heard a Fly buzz-when I diedI like to see it lap the MilesBecause I could not stop for deathIV． Theodore DreisererSister Carrie 嘉莉妹妹 Nigger Jeff 黑人杰夫Old Rogaum and His Theresa 老罗格姆和他的特里萨 Jennie Gerhardt珍妮姑娘Trilogy of Desire The Financier 金融家 The Genius 天才An American Tragedy 美国悲剧 Dreiser at Russia 德莱塞对俄罗斯的观感选文Sister CarrieChapter 3 现代主义时期I. Ezra PoundThe Cantos 诗章 Collected Early Poems of Ezra Pound 庞德的诗章Personae 人物 Cantos Hugh Selwyn Mauberley 休塞尔温莫伯利Make It New 要革新 Literary Essays 文学散文 The ABC of Reading 阅读入门Polite Essays 优雅的随笔The Translations of Ezra Pound 庞德译文集Confucius 孔子 Shih-Ching 诗集选文In a Station of the Metro, The River-Merchant’s Wife: A Letter, A PactII. Robert Lee FrostA Boy’s Will 一个男孩儿的愿望 North of Boston 波士顿以北 Mountain IntervalNew Hampshire 新罕布什尔 Snowy Evening 雪夜停马在林边 West-Running Brook 向西流去的小溪 Collected Poems 诗选 A Winter Tree选文After Apple-Picking, The Road Not Taken, Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening以III. Eugene O’NeillBound East for Cardiff 驶向东方的卡笛夫 Beyond the Horizon 天外边Straw Anna Christie The Emperor Jones 琼斯皇帝The Hairy Ape 毛猿All God’ s Chillun Got Wings 所有上帝的烟斗都有翅膀The Great God Brown 伟大之神布朗Long Day’s Journal Into Night 直到夜晚的漫长的一天 Desire Under the Elms 榆树下的欲望选文The Hairy ApeIV. F. Scott FitzgeraldThis Side of Paradise 天堂的这一边 Beautiful and Damned 美丽而遭骂的人The Great Gatsby Tender is the Night 夜色温柔The Last Tycoon 最后一个巨头 Flappers and Philosophers 吹捧者与哲学家Tales of the Jazz Age 爵士时代 All the Sad Young Men 所有悲惨的小伙子Taps at Reveille 拍打在起床鼓上 Babylon Revisited重返巴比伦选文The Great GatsbyV. Earnest HemingwayIn Our Time 在我们的时代 A Farewell to Arms 永别了，武器For Whom the Bell Tolls 丧钟为谁敲响 The Old Man and the Sea 老人与海Men Without Women 没有女人的男人 Death in the Afternoon 午后之死The Snows of Kilimanjaro 开利曼扎罗之雪 The Green Hills of Africa 非洲的青山选文Indian Camp (from In Our Time)VI. William FaulknerThe Marble Faun 玉石牧神 The Sound and the Fury 喧嚣与骚动As I Lay Dying 我弥留之际 Light in August 八月之光Absalom, Absalom 押沙龙！押沙龙！ Wild Palms 疯狂的手掌The Hamlet 哈姆雷特 The Unvanquished 不可征服的Go Down, Moses 去吧，摩西 The Fable 寓言The Town 小镇 The Mansion 大厦Soldier’s Pay 士兵的报酬。

Part three the period of the English bourgeois revolution Chaper 1 the English revolution and the Reatoration1 the weakening of the tie between monarchy and bourgeoise2 the clashes between the king and parliament3 the outburst of the English revolution:4 the split with the revolution camp5 the bourgeois dictatorship and the restoration6 the religious cloak of the English revolution:Also called the puritan revolution.Puritanism is the religious doctrine7 literature of the revolution periodChapter 2 John Milton约翰•弥尔顿1608~1674（诗人、政论家;失明后写《失乐园》、《复乐园》、《力士参孙》。

）①Epics: <Paradise Lost>失乐园: written in blank verseIn the poem god is no better than a despot. God is cruel and unjust. Adam and Eve embody Milton's belife in the powers of man.The desription of hell, Satan is the real hero of the poem. Satan is the spirit questioning the authority of God.<Paradise Regained>复乐园②Dramatic poem: < Samson Agonistes>力士参孙:A poetical drama.③<Areopagitica>论出版自由: as a declaration of people's freedom of the press, has been a weapon in the later democratic revulotion struggles.<The Defence of the English People>为英国人民声辩: as the spokesman of the revolution.④<On His Blindness>我的失明This sonnet is written in iambic pentameter rhymed in abba abba cde cde, typical of Italian sonnet.Its theme is that people use their talent for God, and they serve him best sho can endure the suffering best.Milton:1 he was a political in both his life and his art. He was a militant pamphleteer of the English Revolution, and the greatest English revolutionary poet in 17th century2 wrote the greatest epic in English literature. He and Shakespeare have always been regarded as two patterns of English verse3 he first used blank verse in non-dramatic works. In paradise lost, he acquires an absolute mastery of the blank verse.4 he is a great stylist, grand style.5 his sublimity of thought and majesty of expression.Chapter 3 John Bunyan约翰•班扬1628~1688（代表作《天路历程》，宗教寓言，被誉为“具有永恒意义的百科全书”，是英国文学史上里程碑式著作。

a modest proposal 读后感“A Modest Proposal” is a satirical essay written by Jonathan Swift in 1729. The essay is a mock-argument suggesting that the English landlords should eat their starving Irish tenants' children as a solution to Ireland's poverty. Swift believed that the landlords had a moral duty to relieve the Irish people's suffering, but that they were cruel and selfish in their policies and treatment of the poor. By proposing cannibalism as a solution, Swift was mocking the English's indifference and brutalities towards the Irish.The essay is a scathing criticism of the English landlords' ruthless exploitation of Ireland and its people. Swift uses the cannibalistic proposal as a way to expose the landlords' disregard for the Irish people's lives. Through his ironical approach, Swift exposes the landlords' lack of empathy and greed. His position on the matter is that the wealthy English lords were enacting policies that were bringing the Irish people to the brink of starvation. He advocates for a solution in which the landlords can fully utilize the starving children whom they have been instrumental in creating. This is to say that Swift suggests that the landlords should eat the children of their tenants, a heinous but practical solution that would reduce the number of poor people in Ireland.Swift's use of satire is effective in conveying his point as it allows him to be critical without being inflammatory. The audacious proposal was designed to provoke the English lords into reflecting on the plight of the poor Irish. He also uses humor and irony to mask his criticism, making it more palatable to his audience. However, the proposal is morally dubious and highlights the poverty and desperation of the Irish people. Swift uses hisimmodest proposal to reveal the landlords' gruesome and selfish nature and amplifies the inhumane policies that Ireland was experiencing in the hands of its oppressors.In conclusion, “A Modest Proposal” is a cleverly written essay that exposes the brutalities that the Irish people underwent at the hands of the English aristocracy. Swift uses his literary device to turn an unbelievable proposal into a mockery that brings the grim reality faced by the Irish people to the limelight. Swift’s message is plain: the power of the state should be utilized to promote the prosperity and welfare of its citizens. Thus, “A Modest Proposal” provides an excellent reminder that the government must be responsible for its citizens' welfare and must seek to create mechanisms that will improve their quality of life.。

英美文学-中英文对照第一篇：英美文学-中英文对照British Writers and Works The Anglo-Saxon Period λThe Venerable Bede 比得673~735 νEcclesiastical History of the English People 英吉利人教会史λAlfred the Great 阿尔弗雷得大帝849~899 νThe Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 盎格鲁—萨克逊编年史The Late Medieval Ages λWilliam Langland 威廉·兰格伦1332~1400 ν Piers the Plowman 农夫比埃斯的梦λ Geoffery Chaucer 杰弗里·乔叟1340(?)~1400 ν The Books of the Duchess悼公爵夫人ν Troilus and Criseyde特罗伊拉斯和克莱希德ν The Canterbury Tales坎特伯雷故事集ν The House of Fame声誉之宫λ Sir Thomas Malory托马斯·马洛里爵士1405~1471 ν Le Morte D’Arthur亚瑟王之死The Renaissance λSir Philip Sydney菲利普·锡德尼爵士1554~1586 ν The School of Abuse诲淫的学校ν Defense of Poesy 诗辩λ Edmund Spenser埃德蒙·斯宾塞1552~1599 ν The Shepherds Calendar牧人日历ν Amoretti爱情小唱ν Epithalamion婚后曲ν Colin Clouts Come Home Againe柯林·克劳特回来了ν Foure Hymnes四首赞美歌ν The Faerie Queene仙后λ Thomas More托马斯·莫尔1478~1535 ν Utopia乌托邦λ Francis Bacon弗兰西斯·培根1561~1626 ν Advancement of Learning学术的推进ν Novum Organum新工具ν Essays随笔λChristopher Marlowe柯里斯托弗·马洛1564~1595 νTamburlaine帖木耳大帝ν The Jew of Malta马耳他的犹太人ν The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus浮士德博士的悲剧λWilliam Shakespeare威廉·莎士比亚1564~1616 νRomeo and Juliet罗密欧与朱利叶ν Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人ν Henry IV 亨利四世νJulius Caesar尤利乌斯·凯撒νAs You Like It皆大欢喜νHamlet哈姆莱特ν Othello奥赛罗ν King Lear李尔王ν Macbeth麦克白ν Antony and Cleopatra安东尼与克里奥佩特拉ν Tempest暴风雨ν poetry: Venus and Adonis;The Rape of Lucrece(Venus and Lucrece);The Passionate Pilgrim, the SonnetsthThe 17 Century λJohn Milton约翰·弥尔顿1608~1674 νL’Allegre 欢乐的人νIL Pens eroso 沉思的人νComus柯玛斯νLycidas利西达斯ν Of Education论教育ν Areopagitica论出版自由ν The Defence of the English People为英国人民声辩ν The Second Defence of the English People再为英国人民声辩νParadise Lost失乐园νParadise Regained复乐园νSamson Agonistes力士参孙λJohn Bunyan约翰·班扬1628~1688 νGrace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners功德无量νThe Pilgrim’s Progress 天路历程ν The Life and Death of Mr Badman败德先生传ν The Holy War圣战λ John Dryden约翰·德莱顿1631~1700 ν All for Love一切为了爱情ν Absalom and Achitophel押沙龙与阿齐托菲尔ν The Hind and Panther牝鹿与豹ν Annus Mirabilis神奇的年代νAlexander’s Feast亚历山大的宴会ν An Essay of Dramatic Poesy 论戏剧诗thThe 18 Century λ Alexander Pope亚历山大·蒲柏1688~1744 ν Essay on Criticism批评论ν Moral Essays道德论λν An Essay on Man人论ν The Rape of the Rock卷发遇劫记ν The Dunciad愚人记Samuel Johnson塞缪尔·约翰逊1709~1784 νThe Dictionary of English Language英语辞典ν The Vanity of Human Wishes人类欲望之虚幻ν London伦敦ν The Lives of Great Poets诗人传λ Jonathan Swift乔纳森·斯威夫特1667~1745 ν The Battle of Books书战ν A Tale of a Tub木桶的故事νThe Drapper’s Letters一个麻布商的书信ν A Modest Proposal一个小小的建议νGulliver’s Travels格列佛游记λDaniel Defoe丹尼尔·笛福1660~1731 νThe Review(periodical founded by Defoe)评论报ν Robinson Crusoe鲁宾逊漂流记λ Henry Fielding亨利·菲尔丁1707~1754 ν The History of the Adventures of Joseph Andrews约瑟夫·安德鲁νThe Life of Mr Jonathan Wild, the Great大诗人江奈生·威尔德ν Amelia爱米利亚νThe History of Tom Jones, a Foundling汤姆·琼斯νThe Historical Register for 1736一七三六年历史记事ν Don Quixote in England堂吉柯德在英国λSamuel Richardson塞缪尔·理查逊1689~1761 νPamela(Virtue Rewarded)帕米拉λOliver Goldsmith奥利弗·格尔德斯密斯1730~1774 νThe Traveller旅游人ν The Deserted Village荒村νThe Vicar of Wakefield威克菲尔德牧师传νThe Good Natured Man好心人νShe Stoops to Conquer屈身求爱νThe Citizens of the World世界公民λThomas Gray托马斯·格雷1716~1771 ν An Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard墓园挽诗ν Ode on the Death of a Favourite Cat爱猫之死ν The Bard游吟诗人λRichard Brinsley Sheridan理查德·布林斯利·施莱登1751~1816 ν The Rivals情敌ν The School for Scandal造谣学校νSt.Patrick’s Day(The Scheming Lieutenant)圣·派特立克节νThe Duenna伴娘ν The Critic批评家The Romantic Age λ Robert Burns罗伯特·彭斯1759~1796 νPoems Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect主要用苏格兰方言写的诗νJohn Anderson, My Jo约翰·安德生，我的爱人ν A Red, Red Rose 一朵红红的玫瑰ν Auld Long Syne往昔时光νA Man’s a Man for A’That不管那一套νMy Heart’s in the Highlands我的心在那高原上λ William Blake威廉·布莱克1757~1827 ν Songs of Innocence 天真之歌νSongs of Experience经验之歌νAmerica亚美利加νEurope欧罗巴ν Milton弥尔顿ν Jerusalem耶路撒冷ν The Marriage of Heaven and Hell天堂与地狱的婚姻λWilliam Wordsworth威廉·华兹华斯1770~1850 νWe Are Seven我们是七个ν The Solitary Reaper孤独的割麦女νImitations of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood不朽颂ν The Prelude序曲ν Lyrical Ballads抒情歌谣集λ Samuel Taylor Coleridge塞缪尔·泰勒·科尔律治1772~1834 νThe Rime of the Ancient Mariner古舟子颂ν Christabel柯里斯塔贝尔ν Kubla Khan忽必烈汗ν Frost at Night半夜冰霜ν Dejection, an Ode忧郁颂ν Biographia Literaria文学传记λGeorge Gordon Byron乔治·戈登·拜伦1788~1824 νChilde Harold’s Pilgrimage恰尔德·哈罗德尔游记νManfred曼弗雷德νCain该隐ν Don Juan唐·璜ν When We Two Parted当初我们俩分别λPersy Bysshe Shelley波西·比希·雪莱1792~1822 νQueen Mab麦步女王νRevolt of Islam伊斯兰的反叛νThe Cenci钦契一家νThe Masque of Anarchy, Hellas专制者的假面游行νPrometheus Unbound解放了的普罗米修斯ν Ode to the West Wind西风颂ν To a Skylark致云雀λ John Keats约翰·济慈1795~1821 ν On a Grecian Urn希腊古瓮颂ν Ode to a Nightingale夜莺颂ν Ode to Autumn秋颂ν T o Psyche普塞克颂νOn First Looking in Chapman’s Homer初读查普曼翻译的荷马史诗有感λ Sir Walter Scott沃尔特·斯科特爵士1771~1832 ν The Lady of the Lake湖上夫人ν Waverley威弗利ν Guy Mannering盖曼纳令ν Rob Roy罗伯·罗伊ν Ivanhoe艾凡赫ν Kenilworth肯纳尔沃斯堡ν Quentin Durward昆廷·达沃德νSt.Ronan’s Wells圣罗南之泉λ Jane Austen简·奥斯丁1775~1817 ν Sense and Sensibility理智与情感ν Pride and Prejudice傲慢与偏见ν Mansfield Park曼斯菲尔德庄园ν Emma爱玛ν Northanger Abbey诺桑觉寺ν Persuasion劝导λCharles Lamb查尔斯·兰姆1775~1834 νTales from Shakespeare莎士比亚戏剧故事集ν John Woodvil约翰·伍德维尔The Victorian Age λ Charles Dickens查尔斯·狄更斯1812~1870 ν Sketches by Boz波兹特写ν The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club匹克威克外传νOliver Twist奥利弗·特维斯特（雾都孤儿）νThe Old Curiosity Shop老古玩店ν Barnaby Rudge巴纳比·拉奇ν American Notes美国杂记ν Martin Chuzzlewit马丁·朱淑尔维特ν A Christmas Carol圣诞颂歌ν The Chimes教堂钟声ν The Cricket on the Hearth灶上蟋蟀ν Dombey and Son董贝父子ν David Copperfield大卫·科波菲尔ν Bleak House荒凉山庄νHard Times艰难时世ν Little Dorrit小杜丽ν A Tale of Two Cities双城记ν Great Expectations远大前程ν Our Mutual Friend我们共同的朋友ν Edwin Drood艾德温·朱特λWilliam Makepeace Thackeray威廉·麦克匹斯·萨克雷1811~1863 ν Vanity Fair名利场ν Pendennis潘登尼斯ν The Newcomers纽克姆一家ν The History of Henry Esmond亨利·埃斯蒙德λ Charlotte Bronte夏洛蒂·勃朗特1816~1855 ν Professor教师ν Jane Eyre简·爱ν Shirley雪莉ν Villette维莱特λ Emily Bronte艾米莉·勃朗特1818~1854 ν Wuthering Heights 呼啸山庄λ George Eliot乔治·艾略特1819~1880 ν Adam Bede亚当·比德ν The Mill on the Floss弗洛斯河上的磨坊ν Silas Marner织工马南ν Romola罗慕拉ν Felix Holt菲利克斯·霍尔特ν Middlemarch米德尔马契ν Daniel Deronda丹尼尔·德龙拉λ Thomas Hardy托马斯·哈代1840~1928 ν A Pair of Blue Eyes 一双蓝眼睛ν The Trumpet Major号兵长ν Desperate Remedies非常手段νThe Hand of Ethelberta艾塞尔伯塔的婚姻νUnder the Greenwood Tree绿荫下ν Far from the Madding Crowd远离尘嚣νThe Mayor of Casterbridge卡斯特桥市长νTess of the D’Urber villes德伯家的苔丝ν Jude the Obscure无名的裘德λAlfred Tennyson阿尔弗莱德·丁尼生1809~1892 νInMemoriam悼念ν Break, Break, Break冲击、冲击、冲击λν Idylls of the King 国王叙事诗Robert Browning罗伯特·白朗宁1812~1889 ν Dramatic Lyrics 戏剧抒情诗ν Dramatic Romances and Lyrics戏剧故事及抒情诗ν Men and Women男男女女νDramatic Personae登场人物νThe Ring and the Book环与书λElizabeth Barrett Browning伊丽莎白·芭蕾特·白朗宁1806~1861 ν Sonnets from the Portuguese葡萄牙十四行诗ν The Cry of the Children孩子们的哭声λ John Ruskin约翰·罗斯金1819~1900 ν Modern Painters现代画家νThe Seven Lamps of Architecture建筑的七盏明灯νThe Stone of Venice威尼斯石头λ Oscar Wilde奥斯卡·王尔德1856~1900 ν The Happy Prince and Other Tales快乐王子故事集ν The Picture of Dorian Gray多利安·格雷的画像νLady Windermere’s Fan温德米尔夫人的扇子ν A Woman of No Importance一个无足轻重的女人νAn Ideal Husband理想的丈夫ν The Importance of Being Earnest认真的重要1900~1950 λWilliam Butler Yeats威廉·勃特勒·叶茨1865~1939 ν The Responsibilities责任ν The Wild Swans at Coole库尔的野天鹅ν The Tower钟楼ν The Winding Stair弯弯的楼梯λ John Galsworthy约翰·高尔斯华绥1867~1933 ν Forsyte Saga 福尔塞世家λ The Man of Property有产业的人λ In Chancery进退维谷λTo Let招租出让ν The End of the Chapter一章的结束λ James Joyce詹姆斯·乔伊斯1882~1941 ν A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man一个青年艺术家的肖像ν Ulysses尤利西斯ν Finnegans Wake芬尼根的苏醒ν Dubliners都柏林人λ Virginia Woolf弗吉尼娅·沃尔芙1882~1941 ν Mrs Dalloway 达洛维夫人ν T o the Lighthouse到灯塔去ν The Waves浪λDavid Herbert Lawrence戴维·赫伯特·劳伦斯1885~1930 νSons and Lovers儿子与情人ν The Rainbow虹ν Women in Love恋爱中的女人νLady Chatterley’s Lover查特莱夫人的情人λGeorge Bernard Shaw乔治·伯纳·萧1856~1950 νMrs Warren’s Profession 华伦夫人的职业ν Man and Superman人与超人ν Major Barbara巴巴拉少校ν Pygmalion匹格玛利翁ν Heartbreak House伤心之家ν The Apple Cart苹果车ν Saint Joan圣女贞德American Writers and Works Colonial Period λJonathan Edwards乔纳森·爱德华兹1703~1758 ν The Freedom of the Will意志的自由νThe Great Doctrine of Original Sin Defended原罪说辩λBenjamin Franklin本杰明·富兰克林1706~1790 νPoor Richard’s Almanac格言历书νAutobiography自传Romantic Period λWashington Irving华盛顿·欧文ν A History of New York from the Beginning of the World to the End of the Dutch Dynasty纽约外史νThe Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent.见闻札记νA Chronicle of the Conquest of Granada征服格拉纳达νThe Alhambra阿尔罕伯拉ν Rip Van Winkle瑞普·凡·温克尔λJames Fennimore Cooper詹姆斯·菲尼莫·库柏1789~1851 νThe Spy间谍ν Leatherstocking Tales皮袜子五部曲υ The Deerslayer杀鹿者υ The Last of the Mohicans最后的莫西干人υ The Pathfinder 探路者υ The Pioneer开拓者υ The Prairie草原λRalph Waldo Emerson拉尔夫·瓦尔多·爱莫生1803~1882 νNature论自然λ Henry David Thoreau亨利·大卫·梭罗1817~1862 ν A Week on the Concord and Merrimack River康克德和美利马科河上的一周νWalden华尔腾λνA Plea for John Brown为约翰·布朗请命Nathaniel Hawthorne纳萨尼尔·霍桑1804~1864 ν Twice-told Tales 故事重述ν Mosses from and Old Manse古宅青苔ν The Scarlet Letter 红字ν The House of the Seven Gables有七个尖角阁楼的房子ν The Marble Faun大理石雕像λ Herman Melville赫尔曼·梅尔维尔1819~1891 ν Typee泰比νOmio欧穆ν Mardi玛地ν Redburn莱德伯恩ν White Jacket白外套ν Moby Dick白鲸（莫比·迪克）ν Pierre皮埃尔ν Billy Budd比利·巴德λ Walt Whitman沃尔特·惠特曼1819~1892 ν Leaves of Grass 草叶集λEmily Dickenson艾米莉·迪金森1830~1886 νBecause I Can’t Stop for Death因为我不能等待死神ν I Heard a Fly Buzz – When I died我死时听到了苍蝇的嗡嗡声ν Mine – by the Right of the White Election我的丈夫——选择如意情人的权利ν Wild Nights – Wild Nights暴风雨夜λ Edgar Allen Poe埃德加·艾伦·坡1809~1849 ν Ms Found in a Bottle在瓶子里发现的手稿νThe Murders in the Rue Morgue莫格路上的暗杀案νThePurloined Letter被盗的信ν The Fall of the House of Usher厄舍古屋的倒塌ν Ligeia丽姬娅νThe Masque of the Red Death红色死亡的化妆舞会νThe Philosophy of Composition创作哲学ν The Poetic Principle诗歌原理νReview of Hawthorne’s Twice-told Tales评霍桑的《故事重述》 The Age of Realism λ William Dean Howells威廉·迪恩·豪威尔斯1837~1920 ν The Rise of Silas Lapham塞拉斯·拉帕姆的发迹ν A Modern Instance现代婚姻λ Henry James亨利·詹姆斯1843~1916 ν The American美国人ν Daisy Miller戴希·米勒ν The Portrait of a Lady一个青年女人的画像ν The Turn of the Screw拧螺丝ν The Ambassadors使节ν The Wings of the Dove鸽翼ν The Golden Bowl金碗λ Mark Twain马克·吐温1835~1910ν The Gilded Age镀金时代ν The Adventures of Tom Sawyer汤姆·索亚历险记ν The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn哈克贝里·芬历险记ν Life on the Mississippi在密西西比河上νA Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court在亚瑟王朝廷里的康涅狄格州的美国佬ν The Man That Corrupted Hardleybug败坏了哈德莱堡的人American Naturalism λTheodore Dreiser西奥多·德莱塞1871~1945 ν Sister Carrie嘉丽妹妹ν Financier金融家νThe Titan巨头ν The Stoic斯多噶ν Jennie Gerhardt珍妮姑娘ν American Tragedy美国的悲剧νThe Genius天才λ Stephen Crane斯蒂芬·克兰1871~1900 ν Maggie, a Girl of the Street街头女郎麦琪ν The Red Badge of Courage红色英勇勋章ν The Black Riders and Other Lines黑衣骑士及其他ν War IsKind战争是仁慈的The Modern Period λEzra Pound埃兹拉·庞德1885~1972 ν Cantos诗章λThomas Sterns Eliot托马斯·斯特恩斯·艾略特1888~1965 νThe Love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock杰·阿尔弗雷德·普鲁夫洛克的情歌ν The Waste Land荒原ν Hollow Man空心人ν Ash Wednesday圣灰星期三ν Four Quarters四个四重奏ν Murder in the Cathedral大教堂谋杀案ν The Cocktail Party 鸡尾酒会ν The Confidential Clerk机要秘书ν The Sacred Wood圣林ν Essays on Style and Order风格与秩序论文集ν After Strange Gods拜异教神λ Robert Frost罗伯特·弗洛斯特1874~1963 νA Boy’s Will一个男孩的意愿ν Mountain Interval间歇泉ν New Hampshire新罕布什尔λF.Scott Fitzgerald弗·斯科特·费兹杰拉德1896~1940 νThis Side of Paradise人间天堂ν Flappers and Philosophers轻佻女郎与哲学家ν The Beautiful and the Damned美丽的和该死的（漂亮冤家）νThe Great Gatsby了不起的盖茨币（灯绿梦渺）νTender is the Night夜色温柔ν All the Sad Young Man一代悲哀的年轻人ν The Last Tycoon 最后的巨头λ Ernest Hemingway厄内斯特·海明威1899~1961 ν In Our Time在我们的时代里ν Winner Take Nothing胜者无所得ν The Torrents of Spring春潮νThe Sun Also Rises太阳照常升起νA Farewell to Arms永别了，武器ν Death in the Afternoon午后之死ν To Have and Have Not富有与贫穷ν Green Hills of Africa非洲青山ν The Fifth Column第五纵队ν For Whom the Bell Tolls丧钟为谁而鸣ν The Old Man and the Sea老人与海λ Sinclair Lewis辛克莱·刘易斯1885~1951 ν Main Street大街ν Babbitt巴比特ν Arrowsmith埃罗史密斯ν Dodsworth陶兹华斯νElmer Gantry埃尔莫·甘德里λWilla Cather薇拉·凯瑟1873~1947 νAlexander’s Bridge亚历山大的桥ν O Pioneers啊，拓荒者！ν The Song of the Lark莺之歌ν My Antonia我的安东尼娅λ William Faulkner威廉·福克纳1897~1962 ν The Marble Faun 玉石雕像νSoldier’s Pay兵饷ν Mosquitoes蚊群ν Sartoris家族小说ν The Sound and the Fury喧嚣与骚动ν As I Lay Dying在我弥留之际ν Light in August八月之光ν Absalom, Absalom押沙龙，押沙龙ν Go Down, Moses去吧，莫西λ John Steinbeck约翰·斯坦贝克1902~1968 ν Cup of Gold金杯ν Tortilla Flat煎饼坪ν In Dubious Battle胜负未决的战斗ν Of Mice and Men人与鼠νThe Grapes of Wrath愤怒的葡萄The Post-War Period λJerome David Salinger杰罗姆·大卫·赛林格1919~ ν Catcher in the Rye麦田里的守望者λJoseph Heller约瑟夫·海勒1923~1999 νCatch-22第二十二条军规λ Saul Bellow索尔·贝罗1915~ ν Dangling Man晃来晃去的人νThe Adventures of Augie March奥吉·玛其历险记νHenderson the Rain King雨王汉德森ν Herzog赫索格νMr.Sammler’s Planet塞姆勒先生的行星νHumboldt’s Gift 洪堡的礼物νThe Dean’s December院长的十二月American Drama λEugene O’Neil尤金·奥尼尔1888~1953 ν Beyond the Horizon天边外ν The Emperor Jones琼斯皇帝ν The Hairy Ape毛猿ν Desire under the Elms榆树下的欲望ν The Iceman Cometh 卖冰的人来了νLong Day’s Journey into Night长夜漫漫路迢迢λ Tennessee Williams田纳西·威廉姆斯1911~1983 ν The Glass Menagerie玻璃动物园ν A Streetcar Named Desire欲望号街车ν Summer and Smoke 夏与烟ν Cat on a Hot Tin Roof热铁皮屋顶上的猫λ Arthur Milller亚瑟·米勒1915~ ν The Man Who Had All the Luck交好运的人ν All My Sons都是我的儿子ν Death of a Salesman推销员之死ν The Crucible萨勒姆的女巫ν A View for the Bridge桥头眺望λ Edward Albee爱德华·阿尔比1928~ ν Zoo Story动物园故事νWho’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?谁害怕弗吉尼娅·沃尔芙？Black American Literature λRichard Wright理查德·赖特1908~1960 νUncle Tom’s Children汤姆叔叔的孩子们νNative Son土生子ν Black Boy黑孩子λ Ralph Ellison拉尔芙·爱丽森1914~1994 ν Invisible Man看不见的人λ James Baldwin詹姆斯·鲍德温1924~1987 ν Go Tell It on the Mountain向苍天呼吁ν Notes of a Native Son土生子的札记νNobody Knows My Name没有人知道我的名字νThe Fire Next Time下一次将是烈火λT oni Morrison托妮·莫瑞森1931~ νThe Bluest Eye最蓝的眼睛νSong of Solomon所罗门之歌νTar Baby柏油孩子ν Beloved宠儿第二篇：英美文学-中英文对照British Writers and WorksThe Anglo-Saxon Periodλ The Venerable Bede 比得673~735ν Ecclesiastical History of the English People英吉利人教会史λ Alfred the Great 阿尔弗雷得大帝849~899ν The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 盎格鲁—萨克逊编年史The Late Medieval Agesλ William Langland 威廉·兰格伦1332~1400ν Piers the Plowman 农夫比埃斯的梦λ Geoffery Chaucer 杰弗里·乔叟1340(?)~1400ν The Books of the Duchess悼公爵夫人ν Troilus and Criseyde 特罗伊拉斯和克莱希德ν The Canterbury Tales坎特伯雷故事集ν The House of Fame 声誉之宫λ Sir Thomas Malory托马斯·马洛里爵士1405~1471νLe Morte D’Arthur亚瑟王之死The Renaissanceλ Sir Philip Sydney菲利普·锡德尼爵士1554~1586ν The School of Abuse诲淫的学校ν Defense of Poesy诗辩λ Edmund Spenser埃德蒙·斯宾塞1552~1599νThe Shepherds Calendar牧人日历νAmoretti爱情小唱νEpithalamion婚后曲ν Colin Clouts Come Home Againe柯林·克劳特回来了ν Foure Hymnes四首赞美歌ν The Faerie Queene仙后λ Thomas More托马斯·莫尔1478~1535ν Utopia乌托邦λ Francis Bacon弗兰西斯·培根1561~1626ν Advancement of Learning学术的推进ν Novum Organum新工具ν Essays随笔λ Christopher Marlowe柯里斯托弗·马洛1564~1595ν Tamburlaine帖木耳大帝ν The Jew of Malta马耳他的犹太人ν The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus浮士德博士的悲剧λ William Shakespeare威廉·莎士比亚1564~1616ν Romeo and Juliet罗密欧与朱利叶ν Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人ν Henry IV亨利四世νJulius Caesar尤利乌斯·凯撒νAs You Like It皆大欢喜νHamlet哈姆莱特ν Othello奥赛罗ν King Lear李尔王ν Macbeth麦克白ν Antony and Cleopatra安东尼与克里奥佩特拉ν Tempest暴风雨ν poetry: Venus and Adonis;The Rape ofLucrece(Venus and Lucrece);The Passionate Pilgrim, the SonnetsThe 17th Centuryλ John Milton约翰·弥尔顿1608~1674νL’Allegre 欢乐的人ν IL Pens eroso 沉思的人ν Comus柯玛斯ν Lycidas利西达斯νOf Education论教育ν Areopagitica论出版自由ν The Defence of the English People为英国人民声辩ν The Second Defence of the English People再为英国人民声辩ν Paradise Lost失乐园ν Paradise Regained复乐园ν Samson Agonistes力士参孙λ John Bunyan约翰·班扬1628~1688ν Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners功德无量νThe Pilgrim’s Progress 天路历程ν The Life and Death of Mr Badman败德先生传ν The Holy War圣战λ John Dryden约翰·德莱顿1631~1700ν All for Love一切为了爱情ν Absalom and Achitophel押沙龙与阿齐托菲尔ν The Hind and Panther牝鹿与豹ν Annus Mirabilis神奇的年代νAlexander’s Feast亚历山大的宴会ν An Essay of Dramatic Poesy 论戏剧诗The 18th Centuryλ Alexander Pope亚历山大·蒲柏1688~1744ν Essay on Criticism批评论ν Moral Essays道德论ν An Essay on Man人论ν The Rape of the Rock卷发遇劫记ν The Dunciad愚人记λ Samuel Johnson塞缪尔·约翰逊1709~1784ν The Dictionary of English Language英语辞典ν The Vanity of Human Wishes人类欲望之虚幻ν London伦敦ν The Lives of Great Poets诗人传λ Jonathan Swift乔纳森·斯威夫特1667~1745ν The Battle of Books书战ν A Tale of a Tub木桶的故事νThe Drapper’s Letters一个麻布商的书信ν A Modest Proposal一个小小的建议νGulliver’s Travels格列佛游记λ Daniel Defoe丹尼尔·笛福1660~1731ν The Review(periodical founded by Defoe)评论报ν Robinson Crusoe鲁宾逊漂流记λ Henry Fielding亨利·菲尔丁1707~1754ν The History of the Adventures of JosephAndrews约瑟夫·安德鲁ν The Life of Mr Jonathan Wild, the Great大诗人江奈生·威尔德ν Amelia爱米利亚ν The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling汤姆·琼斯ν The Historical Register for 1736一七三六年历史记事ν Don Quixote in England堂吉柯德在英国λ Samuel Richardson塞缪尔·理查逊1689~1761ν Pamela(Virtue Rewarded)帕米拉λ Oliver Goldsmith奥利弗·格尔德斯密斯1730~1774ν The Traveller旅游人ν The Deserted Village荒村νThe Vicar of Wakefield威克菲尔德牧师传νThe Good Natured Man好心人νShe Stoops to Conquer屈身求爱νThe Citizens of the World世界公民λThomas Gray托马斯·格雷1716~1771ν An Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard墓园挽诗ν Ode on the Death of a Favourite Cat爱猫之死ν The Bard游吟诗人λ Richard Brinsley Sheridan理查德·布林斯利·施莱登1751~1816 ν The Rivals情敌ν The School for Scandal造谣学校νSt.Patrick’s Day(The Scheming Lieutenant)圣·派特立克节ν The Duenna伴娘ν The Critic批评家The Romantic Ageλ Robert Burns罗伯特·彭斯1759~1796ν Poems Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect主要用苏格兰方言写的诗ν John Anderson, My Jo约翰·安德生，我的爱人ν A Red, Red Rose一朵红红的玫瑰ν Auld Long Syne往昔时光νA Man’s a Man for A’That不管那一套νMy Heart’s in the Highlands我的心在那高原上λ William Blake威廉·布莱克1757~1827ν Songs of Innocence天真之歌ν Songs of Experience经验之歌ν America亚美利加ν Europe欧罗巴ν Milton弥尔顿ν Jerusalem耶路撒冷ν The Marriage of Heaven and Hell天堂与地狱的婚姻λ William Wordsworth威廉·华兹华斯1770~1850ν We Are Seven我们是七个ν The Solitary Reaper孤独的割麦女ν Imitations of Immortality fromRecollections of Early Childhood不朽颂ν The Prelude序曲ν Lyrical Ballads抒情歌谣集λ Samuel Taylor Coleridge塞缪尔·泰勒·科尔律治1772~1834ν The Rime of the Ancient Mariner古舟子颂ν Christabel柯里斯塔贝尔νKubla Khan忽必烈汗νFrost at Night半夜冰霜νDejection, an Ode忧郁颂ν Biographia Literaria文学传记λ George Gordon Byron乔治·戈登·拜伦1788~1824νChilde Harold’s Pilgrimage恰尔德·哈罗德尔游记ν Manfred曼弗雷德ν Cain该隐ν Don Juan唐·璜ν When We Two Parted当初我们俩分别λ Persy Bysshe Shelley波西·比希·雪莱1792~1822ν Queen Mab麦步女王ν Revolt of Islam伊斯兰的反叛ν The Cenci钦契一家ν The Masque of Anarchy, Hellas专制者的假面游行νPrometheus Unbound解放了的普罗米修斯νOde to the West Wind西风颂ν T o a Skylark致云雀λ John Keats约翰·济慈1795~1821ν On a Grecian Urn希腊古瓮颂ν Ode to a Nightingale夜莺颂ν Ode to Autumn秋颂ν To Psyche普塞克颂νOn First Looking in Chapman’s Homer初读查普曼翻译的荷马史诗有感λ Sir Walter Scott沃尔特·斯科特爵士1771~1832The Lady of the Lake湖上夫人ν Waverley威弗利ν Guy Mannering盖曼纳令ν Rob Roy罗伯·罗伊ν Ivanhoe艾凡赫ν Kenilworth肯纳尔沃斯堡ν Quentin Durward昆廷·达沃德νSt.Ronan’s Wells圣罗南之泉λ Jane Austen简·奥斯丁1775~1817ν Sense and Sensibility理智与情感ν Pride and Prejudice傲慢与偏见ν Mansfield Park曼斯菲尔德庄园ν Emma爱玛ν Northanger Abbey诺桑觉寺ν Persuasion劝导λ Charles Lamb查尔斯·兰姆1775~1834ν Tales from Shakespeare莎士比亚戏剧故事集ν John Woodvil约翰·伍德维尔The Victorian Ageλ Charles Dickens查尔斯·狄更斯1812~1870ν Sketches by Boz波兹特写ν The Posthumous Papers of the PickwickClub匹克威克外传ν Oliver Twist奥利弗·特维斯特（雾都孤儿）ν The Old Curiosity Shop老古玩店ν Barnaby Rudge巴纳比·拉奇ν American Notes美国杂记ν Martin Chuzzlewit马丁·朱淑尔维特ν A Christmas Carol圣诞颂歌ν The Chimes教堂钟声ν The Cricket on the Hearth灶上蟋蟀ν Dombey and Son董贝父子ν David Copperfield大卫·科波菲尔ν Bleak House荒凉山庄νHard Times艰难时世ν Little Dorrit小杜丽ν A Tale of Two Cities双城记ν Great Expectations远大前程ν Our Mutual Friend我们共同的朋友ν Edwin Drood艾德温·朱特λ William Makepeace Thackeray威廉·麦克匹斯·萨克雷1811~1863 ν Vanity Fair名利场ν Pendennis潘登尼斯ν The Newcomers纽克姆一家ν The History of Henry Esmond亨利·埃斯蒙德λ Charlotte Bronte夏洛蒂·勃朗特1816~1855ν Professor教师ν Jane Eyre简·爱ν Shirley雪莉ν Villette维莱特λ Emily Bronte艾米莉·勃朗特1818~1854ν Wuthering Heights呼啸山庄λ George Eliot乔治·艾略特1819~1880ν Adam Bede亚当·比德ν The Mill on the Floss弗洛斯河上的磨坊ν Silas Marner织工马南ν Romola罗慕拉ν Felix Holt菲利克斯·霍尔特ν Middlemarch米德尔马契ν Daniel Deronda丹尼尔·德龙拉λ Thomas Hardy托马斯·哈代1840~1928ν A Pair of Blue Eyes一双蓝眼睛ν The Trumpet Major号兵长ν Desperate Remedies非常手段νThe Hand of Ethelberta艾塞尔伯塔的婚姻νUnder the Greenwood Tree绿荫下ν Far from the Madding Crowd远离尘嚣νThe Mayor of Casterbridge卡斯特桥市长νTess of the D’Urbervilles德伯家的苔丝ν Jude the Obscure无名的裘德λ Alfred Tennyson阿尔弗莱德·丁尼生1809~1892ν In Memoriam悼念ν Break, Break, Break冲击、冲击、冲击ν Idylls of the King国王叙事诗λ Robert Browning罗伯特·白朗宁1812~1889ν Dramatic Lyrics戏剧抒情诗ν Dramatic Romances and Lyrics戏剧故事及抒情诗ν Men and Women男男女女ν Dramatic Personae登场人物νThe Ring and the Book环与书λ Elizabeth Barrett Browning伊丽莎白·芭蕾特·白朗宁1806~1861ν Sonnets from the Portuguese葡萄牙十四行诗ν The Cry of the Children孩子们的哭声λ John Ruskin约翰·罗斯金1819~1900ν Modern Painters现代画家ν The Seven Lamps of Architecture建筑的七盏明灯ν The Stone of Venice威尼斯石头λ Oscar Wilde奥斯卡·王尔德1856~1900ν The Happy Prince and Other Tales快乐王子故事集ν The Picture of Dorian Gray多利安·格雷的画像νLady Windermere’s Fan温德米尔夫人的扇子ν A Woman of No Importance一个无足轻重的女人ν An Ideal Husband理想的丈夫ν The Importance of Being Earnest认真的重要1900~1950λ William Butler Yeats威廉·勃特勒·叶茨1865~1939ν The Responsibilities责任ν The Wild Swans at Coole库尔的野天鹅ν The Tower钟楼ν The Winding Stair弯弯的楼梯λ John Galsworthy约翰·高尔斯华绥1867~1933ν Forsyte Saga福尔塞世家λ The Man of Property有产业的人λ In Chancery进退维谷λTo Let招租出让ν The End of the Chapter一章的结束λ James Joyce詹姆斯·乔伊斯1882~1941ν A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man一个青年艺术家的肖像ν Ulysses尤利西斯ν Finnegans Wake芬尼根的苏醒ν Dubliners都柏林人λ Virginia Woolf弗吉尼娅·沃尔芙1882~1941ν Mrs Dalloway达洛维夫人ν To the Lighthouse到灯塔去ν The Waves浪λ David Herbert Lawrence戴维·赫伯特·劳伦斯1885~1930ν Sons and Lovers儿子与情人ν The Rainbow虹ν Women in Love恋爱中的女人νLady Chatterley’s Lover查特莱夫人的情人λGeorge Bernard Shaw乔治·伯纳·萧1856~1950νMrs Warren’s Profession华伦夫人的职业νMan and Superman人与超人ν Major Barbara巴巴拉少校ν Pygmalion匹格玛利翁ν Heartbreak House伤心之家ν The Apple Cart苹果车ν Saint Joan圣女贞德Death of a Salesman推销员之死ν The Crucible萨勒姆的女巫ν A View for the Bridge桥头眺望λ Edward Albee爱德华·阿尔比1928~ν Zoo Story动物园故事νWho’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?谁害怕弗吉尼娅·沃尔芙？第三篇：英美文学Analysis of Robinson Crusoe2009级师范三班刘静Robinson Crusoe is written by Defoe(1660 ~ 1731), known as the father of English novel and the periodical literature.He is the father of the English novel and periodical literature, who was born in a family which was against the Anglican Protestant.His father is a businessman, doing business.His article influenced the later development of journal articles and newspaper.Because the speech, he was repeatedly arrested.At the age of 59 Defoe began writing fiction as a novelist, show remarkable ability.Robinson Crusoe Robinson is Defoe's first novel, is also one of the most famous novels.It is based on a British seaman on a deserted island alone for 4 years in exile records and creation.Robinson is the heroine of Defoe works inaccordance with their ideals and created the character, he killed out of doing business, living on a desert island for 28 years, overcome all sorts of unimaginable difficulties.He start empty-handed, develop the island, not only to their own survival, and create a new world.He was a pioneer in the image, a real asset class hero.In this figure embodies the western ocean civilization tradition, with the outward development of curiosity, desire to conquer and spirit of adventure, praised the strength quality and working spirit.The novel opens English realistic novel road.In this novel, there are so many about the Wonderful part, but two points impress: one is the author of the narrative language easy to understand.In front of the book, the author use a lot of space to introduce Robinson in the sea to sea before, whether does not listen to parents' guide, but follow the guidance of the soul, the careful psychological description, the author description most incisive.Two is a fascinating story, the protagonist of nearly thirty years of life vividly in front of us, let our eyes as if emerging from a young life.Robinson Crusoe is to let a person look after all that the most primitive, most of my books, not only because it is the wonderful, and it gives us the modern enlightenment.The most qualities I learn from Robinson Crusoe is not his hard-working and brave, but his amazing mental capacity.One can imagine, a single large living alone on a desert island life ten years, no one to accompany him, even the most basic, and a person simply talk for a while to do.The deserted island there is no house, no rice, can only rely on his own hard to create a piece of heaven and earth.The first nonwhite character to be given a realistic, individualized, and humane portrayal in the English novel, Friday has a huge literary and cultural importance.Recent rewritings of the Crusoe story, like J.M.Coetzee’s Foe and Michel Tournier’sFr iday, emphasize the sad consequences of Crusoe’s failure to understand Friday and suggest how the tale might be told very differently from the native’s perspective.Besides his importance to our culture, Friday is a key figure within the context of the nove l.Friday’s sincere questions to Crusoe about the devil, which Crusoe answers onlyindirectly and hesitantly, leave us wondering whether Crusoe’s knowledge of Christianity is superficial and sketchy in contrast to Friday’s fullunderstanding of his own god Benamuckee.In short, Friday’s exuberance and emotional directness often point out the wooden conventionality of Crusoe’s personality.Despite Friday’s subjugation, however, Crusoe appreciates Friday much more than he would a mere servant.Crusoe does not seem to value intimacy with humans much, but he does say that he loves Friday, which is aremarkable disclosure.Crusoe may bring Friday Christianity and clothing, but Friday brings Crusoe emotional warmth and a vitality of spirit that Crusoe’s own European he art lacks.This novel shows that we need to believe ourselves, where there is a will, there is e our hands, then see a new world.What is more, we are not only live ourselves in the world, we need to care about others.Be brave, andnever lose hope.第四篇：英美文学《英美文学》复习方法一、找到《英美文学》的辅导书，例如《自考一本通》《自考直通车》等类型的汉语版辅导书。

A Modest Proposal as a masterpiece of Irony Abstract: Jonathan Swift was a famous politician and satirical novelist of England in the 18th century. He won his reputation by his artistic irony. A Modest Proposal, his most famous political prose, is generally considered as a masterpiece of irony. It is proposed to solve the overpopulation problem of Ireland by eating infants, which is full of irony. This paper is meant to highlight Jonathan Swift’s striking irony and absurdity from the perspective of textual analysis and the art of diction.Key words: Jonathan Swift A Modest Proposal IronyTextual analysis DictionⅠGeneral IntroductionJonathan gained great reputation in English literature by his artistic irony, vivid language and simple style. A Modest Proposal was first published anonymously in Berlin. Later on, it was reprinted in London. Several reprinting witnesses its popularity among the readers.In the 16th century, Ireland became a dependency of England. In the 18th century, though Ireland established its congress, it was still under the strict control of England. Irish people are exploited and oppressed by both English businessmen and Irish big landlord. The situation worsened when Swift wrote the prose. In 1729, Ireland was greatly stricken by natural disasters. Irish people suffered a lot and many of them became beggars in the street. However, the ruling class showed no sympathy to the poor. Instead, they came up with all kinds of “proposals” to solve the overpopulation problem. In e ssence, these “proposals” made Irish poor people in worse situation. These “advisers” tried to save the country by loftily proposing “suggestions”. Swift hated this group of cruel “advisers”. In “A Modest Proposal”, he employed the tone of “advisers” to solve the overpopulation problem by suggesting eating children from poor families.ⅡIrony from the perspective of textual analysisIn the prose, Swift showed the serious situation of Ireland children. Then he calculated the number of children who were a “burden” to their parents or country. After logical analysis of the problem, he finally made “a modest proposal”—t he best solution to the problem that Ireland faced.Swift revealed Ireland’s social problems, and blamed the exploitation by English rulers and the oppression by Irish landlords. His sympathy to the poor in Ireland showed through. Strikingirony was employed in A Modest Proposal from the beginning to the end. It made readers’ hair stand on end when his “modest proposal” turned out to be “eating children”.What a good proposal! What a cruel, bloody and inhuman proposal. However, Swift listed its benefits to prove it the best way to solve the problems. The “proposal” itself was a big irony, so was the absurd feasibility of the proposal. Rather than to say Jonathan Swift made this horrible proposal, we might as well put it like this: it’s the ruling class and those so-called “advisers” who made the proposal.For example, “I grant this food will be somewhat dear, and therefore very proper for Landlords, who, as they have already devoured most of the Parents, seem to have the best Title to the Children.” It made no difference between raising poor children and raising chickens or ducks. Swift directly blamed the landlords of “devouring children and their parent”. From this sentence, we can easily make sense that the proposal will be well received by the ruling class. Actually, that was exactly what they were doing to the poor and the weak group of the society. “A Modest Proposal” was, in essence, just reflection of the dark society. In this ironic way, Swift revealed the cruel reality.ⅢIrony from the perspective of dictionDiction is an art, and Swift made full use of this kind of art to achieve ironic effect. He deliberately employed many words wh ich are to describe animals in his “A Modest Proposal”.The art of diction mainly suggested the low status of the poor people and their bad living conditions in the dark society.For instance, in the sentence “Sacrificing the poor innocent babes, I doubt, more to avoid the expense than the shame, which would move tears and pity in the most savage and inhuman breast.”Swift chose “savage” to represent poor people.Another example can be found in “I believe no gentleman would repine to give ten shillings for the carcass of a good fat Child”. Swift use “carcass” instead of body, to indicate that child is treated as a little animal. These derogatory terms can achieve profound ironic effect.Some other words achieve s different kind of irony, such as “breeders”and “devoured” in “of these I calculate there may be about two hundred thousand couple whose wives are breeders”, and in “I grant this food will be somewhat dear, and therefore very proper for Landlords, who, as they have already devoured most of the parents, seem to have the best title to the Children.”These dictions showed through the cruelty of ruling class in an ironic way. In Swift’s mind, the landlords and English rulers are all predators who feed on Irish children and their parents. We can sense Swift’s strong emotions through these ironic dictions.ⅣThe EndJonathan Swift’s A Modest Proposal is considered as a perfect model of irony which he is against tyranny and for liberty. Swift once wrote a poem to comment on his life: “Fair LIBERTY was all his cry, for her he stood prepared to die.” A Modest Proposal, as a masterpiece of irony in English literature, has become a classic. As time goes on, it will still attract the attention of future generations all over the world.。

BookreportofamodestproposalBook report of a modest proposalJonathan Swift was born of English parents in Dublin .his father died before he was born; his mother was poor and Swift was compelled to accept aid from others. With the help from of an uncle he was educated at Kilkenny School and Trinity College, Dublin. After graduation the only employment he could find was with a distant relative, Sir William Temple who hired him as a secretary. After Temple’s death, Swift returned to Ireland as chaplain to the Earl of Berkeley. Afterwards he entered the strife of party politics. In 1713 Swift was made Dean of St. Patrick’s Cathedral, Dublin, an office he first held as an absentee. As Swift lived longer among the Irish, he gradually became an Irish patriot. He resented the English authorities for the injustice inflicted upon the Irish, and wrote a number of pamphlets against the Whig governments in London.Swift was a master of satire. He wrote a great deal of prose, chiefly in the form of pamphlets. His most famous works are as follows: The Battle of Books, a contribution to the dispute between the relative merits of the ancients and the moderns in literature; A Tale of Tub, a satire on the various churches of the day; Gulliver’s Travels which largely brought him great fame, was published in 1726, and soon it was in everyo ne’s hands ; and A Modest Proposal for Preventing the Children of Poor People in Ireland from Being a Burden to Their Parents, a most forceful exposure of the conditions of the Irish poor.A Modest Proposal, his prominent political prose, is generally taken as a perfect model in English literature. It is an essay that uses satire to make its point. It is proposed to solve theoverpopulation problem of Ireland, which is full of irony. Based on the analysis and interpretation of this famous prose, the paper i s meant to highlight Swift’s striking irony and bleeding absurdity.In fact, the essay is based on the historical background. Over the centuries, England gradually gained a foothold in Ireland. In 1541, the parliament in Dublin recognized England’s Henry V III, a Protestant, as King of Ireland. In spite of repeated uprisings by Irish Catholics, English Protestants acquired more and more estates in Ireland. By 1703, they owned all but ten percent of the land. Meanwhile, legislation was enacted that severely limited the rights of the Irish to hold government office, purchase real estate, get an education, and advance themselves in other ways. As a result, many Irish fled to foreign lands, including America. Most of those who remained in Ireland lived in poverty, facing disease, starvation, and prejudice. Thus, Swift calls attention to abuses inflicted on Irish Catholics by well-to-do English Protestants.In this essay, because so many Irish parents cannot find decent jobs to support their children, they spend all their time walking the streets to beg alms of passers-by. Meanwhile, the children grow up to become thieves or emigrants.This situation presents a serious problem for Britain, especially since there are so many Irish children. Each year, several hundred thousand babies are born to Irish parents. If you subtract those who are born to well-to-do parents, those who are stillborn, and those who die after birth as a result of disease or accident,you are still left with about 120,000 babies who have to be supported by poor parents.In order to solve this problem, Swift satirizes the Englishlandlords with outrageous humor, proposing that Irish infants be sold as food at age one, when they are plump and healthy, to give the Irish a new source of income and the English a new food product to bolster their economy and eliminate a social problem. He says his proposal, if adopted, would also result in a reduction in the number of Catholics in Ireland, since most Irish infants—almost all of whom were baptized Catholic—would end up in stews and other dishes instead of growing up to go to Catholic churches. Here, he is satirizing the prejudice of Protestants toward Catholics.Swift also satirizes the Irish themselves in his essay, for too many of them had accepted abuses stoically rather than taking action on their own behalf.After enjoying this essay, I think the proposal of eating people is much more absurd compared with eating people.When I read this particular satire I was simultaneously shocked, enraged, and sickened. How could such a short piece of fiction affect a person so drastically?In this essay, Jonathan Swift creates the rhetoric device of satire. Swift noted, “Of these I calculate there may be about two hundred thousa nd couple whose wives are breeders.” “Breeders” means the animals that breed animals. Here breeders refer to Irish women who give birth to babies. Swift adopts another way to call Irish people. At first sight, it seems to be tolerant. However, when readers think about it twice, they will realize that it is very rude to call Irish women “breeders”. Another example is “a young healthy child well nursed, is, at a year old, a most delicious, nourishing and whole some food, whether stewed, roasted, baked or boil ed.” A healthy child can be served as “a most delicious, nourishing and wholesome food.” The whole matter is disgusting. One can not have children forfood. Swift here raises many ways to cook children to reveal the absurdity of the whole process. The third example is “I grant this food will be somewhat dear and therefore very proper for landlords, who, as they have already devoured most of the parents, seem to have the best title to the children.”The landlords have already made most of the parents bankrupt. However, they do not have the proprie tary right of the farmers’ children. According to Swift, they do have the right to have their children for food. Swift adopts a vicious argument to achieve satire: the landlords appear right, but in fact wrong.It is quite obvious that he did not intend that his solution be taken literally. He, among other things, is satirizing the fact that the deplorable conditions make it his erroneous proposal seem somewhat plausible; this was intended as a catalyst for change as people would realize how far things had fallen.Swift uses this revolting proposal to condemn both the English for taking such advantage of the poor people of Ireland and the Irish for not doing anything to lessen their plight or to rid their country of English dominion. But above all else, Jonathan Swift did not want any of his readers to ever forget the cruelty the Irish poor faced every day under the ravenous hand of England so the world would dosomething to rid Ireland and the rest of the earth of this immoral and ghastly treatment.On the one hand, I have to a degree learned more about the contemporary society in Ireland and many satire skills which count for much for my English study especially literature. However, on the other hand, it achingly forces me to imagine what a harrowing, heartbreaking, haunting grim fates Irish people endure, and how brutality of people’s lives in country’s oppression——an truly unspeakable tragedy.All in all, there is no denying that A Modest Proposal is absolutely a sea ring masterpiece and a stunning example of the satirist’s art. I am sincerely impressed by it.。

刘意青《简明英国文学史》配套题库【章节题库】（18世纪英国文学（1688-1780））第4部分18世纪英国文学（1688-1780）填空题1. Henry Fielding has been r egarded as “_____”, for his contribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel. （吉林大学2007研）【答案】Father of the English Novel【解析】亨利?菲尔丁被誉为“英国小说之父”。

2. A Modest Proposal by Jonathan Swift is a sharp _____ against the social injustice in _____. （天津外国语学院2011研）【答案】satire,Ireland【解析】1729年斯威夫特发表的《一个温和的建议》是对英国政府对爱尔兰人民剥削压迫的极度讽刺。

这一宣传册建议爱尔兰的穷人把刚满一周岁的孩子卖给富人，富人可将孩子做成美餐，而穷人也将获得一笔收入。

3. The English novel began to prosper in 18th century as a new literary genre. In this period there appeared a number of great novelists such as _____, Daniel Defoe, and _____. （天津外国语学院2011研）【答案】Jonathan Swift,Samuel Richardson【解析】18世纪英国文学的小说家主要有Defoe, Swift, Richardson, Fielding, Smollett and Sterne等。

4. Author: _____ Title: _____. （南京大学2007研）At other times, the like battles have been fought between theYahoos of several neighborhoods, without any visible cause: those of one district watching all opportunities to surprise the next, before they are prepared. But if they find their project has miscarried, they return home, and, for want of enemies, engage in what I call a civil war among themselves.【答案】Author: Jonathan Swift. Title: Gullive r’s Travels【解析】题中文段节选自乔纳森的《格列佛游记》。

A Modest Proposal: A Critical AnalysisIntroductionIn the satirical essay “A Modest Proposal,” Jonathan Swift brings attention to the dire socio-economic conditions in Ireland during the18th century. This thought-provoking piece, characterized by its dark humor and ironic tone, proposes an outrageous solution to the prevalent poverty and overpopula tion issues. Swift’s essay challenges the readers to reflect on the prevailing societal attitudes and calls for action to address the plight of the Irish people.Swift’s Satirical Intentions1.1 Unmasking HypocrisySwift’s primary intention in “A Modest Proposal” is to expose the hypocrisy and insensitivity of the ruling class and critics of Ireland. He adopts a satirical tone to highlight the absurdity of their proposals and policies. By suggesting that the impoverished Irish should selltheir children as food to the wealthy, Swift reveals the callousness with which the Irish were treated by the English.1.2 Engaging the ReaderSwift utilizes shock value to engage and captivate the reader’s attention. By proposing an unthinkable solution, he forces the reader to confront the extreme poverty and desperation faced by the Irish population. This shocking proposal serves as a wake-up call to the reader, compelling them to consider alternative solutions to the prevailing socio-economic issues.Swift’s Rhetorical D evices2.1 IronyThroughout the essay, Swift employs irony to underline the absurdity of the situation. His proposal to sell infants as a source of foodhighlights the paradoxical nature of the Irish society. By advocatingfor an inhumane and repulsive solution, Swift emphasizes the dehumanizing effects of poverty and inequality.2.2 SatireSatire serves as the driving force behind “A Modest Proposal.” Through a clever manipulation of language, Swift unravels the moral decay of society and criticizes those who perpetuate the suffering of the Irish people. His ironic tone and biting humor reveal the flaws in the prevailing socio-economic system and demand a call for change.2.3 SarcasmSwift masterfully uses sarcasm to mock the attitudes of the ruling class. By proposing cannibalism as a solution, he directly targets those who view the Irish population as nothing more than commodities to be exploited. This sarcasm serves as an indictment of the prevailing indifference towards the suffering of the Irish people.Swift’s Socio-Political Commentary3.1 The Failure of English PoliciesWith “A Modest Proposal,” Swift aims to expose the ineffectiveness of the English policies in Ireland. He argues that the English have exploited and mistreated the Irish for far too long. By suggesting such a repugnant proposal, Swift highlights that the English policies only perpetuate the suffering of the Irish population, rather than offering genuine solutions.3.2 Addressing Poverty and OverpopulationSwift’s essay brings attention to the alarming levels of poverty and overpopulation in Ireland. He argues that the Irish population has become an unbearable burden on society due to these issues. While his proposal is appalling, it serves to shed light on the urgent need to address poverty, socio-economic inequality, and overpopulation as essential steps towards a better Ireland.3.3 Advocating for ChangeSwift uses his essay to call for action against the prevailing socio-economic conditions in Ireland. He challenges the readers to think critically about alternative strategies and policies to alleviate poverty and reduce the overpopulation crisis. By inciting a reaction through his outrageous proposal, Swift hopes to inspire real change and empathy towards the Irish people.ConclusionJo nathan Swift’s “A Modest Proposal” remains a timeless essay that skillfully combines satire, irony, and sarcasm to address the prevailing socio-economic conditions in Ireland. Through his thought-provoking and shocking proposal, Swift engages the reader and exposes the hypocrisy of the ruling class. His essay challenges society to consider the plight of the Irish people seriously and calls for action to bring about meaningful change. Today, “A Modest Proposal” serves as a compelling reminder of the power of satire to shine a light on societal injustices and compel the audience to rethink their perspectives.。