懂你英语 L4 Unit3 P1

英语流利说懂你英语L e v e l4-U n i t3懂你英语Level4 Unit 3 Part1it 3-1 listening时间花费Look at these 2 pie graphs. They show how these 2 people spend their days, not including weekends. The one on the top shows how Emma divides up her days. She is a designer who works for a company.As Emma’s graph shows, the biggest portion部分 of her day is spent working.She works an average of 8 hours a day, which is one third of her day.She gets an average of 6 hours to sleep which is 25% of her day. That’s less sleep than Marti n gets. According to his graph, he gets an average of 7 hours to sleep which is about 29% of his day.On the other hand, Martine who is engineer, works more hours than Emma does.Martine average 9 hours a day at work co mpare to Emma’s 8. That’s 37.5% compare to 33%. Other factors shown in the graph included time for meals and commuting to work.Other activities include getting dress and doing household chores such as doing laundry and paying bills.As you can see, for Martin, commuting is taking a large amount of his time.If he could reduce his commute time, he will have more time for other things. And it isn’t just the time.When the traffic is really heavy his commute is stressful.It will be great if he can work from home one or two days a week. He life will be more enjoyable. And we look at Emma’s graph, we see she probably needs more sleep.Perhaps, she should spend a bit less time socializing with her friends.On the other hand, socializing with her friend is something she really values.As for putting on makeup, she isn’t willing to change that.For her, exercising, socializing and staying beautiful help her deal with the stressful work.In conclusion, Emma and Martin both wish there were more hours in a day.This next graph shows how various factors compare important to 1350 jobs applicants.Applicants were between 20 to 25 years ago.They were asked to list which factors were most important for a good job.As the graph shows, money was the most important factor for 25% of the applicants.However, other factors are also important. The second most important factor was the work environment.In other words, for many, money is everything.People want to like where they work.In fact, if we combine working environment and co-workers, the total is 35%.This is well above the 25% for salary and benefits.Taking together, they are more important than salary and benefits.Career path is also important especially for younger applicants.They want to see that their job helps to build a successful career.For older workers, this may not be as important.Older workers often put the higher value on the balance between life and work. What do you think.it 3-1 vocabulary领土、军事、政治、政权状态The government of a country is a control system.Governments make laws and provide services to their citizens.The land over which a government has controlled, is its territory /'tɛrətɔri/领土.A country’s territory has boundaries /'baʊndri/ or borders.When you leave or enter a country’s territory, you us ually need a passport.The territory of a country is defined by its boundaries.A country’s military provides defense for its territory and its citizens.The military includes an army, an air force and a navy.The main purpose of a military, is to defend a country from attack.A country’s criminal justice system includes the police, courts and prisons.Its purpose is to enforce the law and protect the people from criminal activities.A country social services system provides support to people in need.It provides basic health care services and helps poor people support their children.-----------------------------------------------------------------Anarchy /'ænɚki/ n.混乱;无政府状态;无秩序autocracy /ɔ'tɑkrəsi/ n.独裁;独裁统治;独裁政府;独裁政体Oligarchy /'ɑlə'gɑrki/ n.寡头统治的政府;寡头政治的执政集团;寡头统治的国家--------------------------------------------------------------------------A state of anarchy exits when a country has no effective government.In anarchy, there is nobody to make decisions or enforce the laws.An autocracy is the simplest form of government.In an autocracy, the government is controlled by single individual, known as autocrat.Whether or not an autocracy is successful, depends on the character and ability of the leader.In an oligarchy, a small group of people controls the government.Membership in this group often depends on family connection, wealth or military power.In a republic, individuals are elected to represent the citizens.The power of government in a republic is limited by a constitution.A constitution is a written document that makes the rules for a government to follow.This limits the power of a government.A constitution defines the relationship between the government and its citizens.it 3-1 dialogue谈论工作I hear you lost your job, is that right?Yes, that’s right. I quit. I quit because the way my boss treats people.What happen.I was n’t feeling good one day and he yelled at me. While I told him not to yell at对...吼叫 me, he threatened me.Is that all. That’s what bosses do.Sure, sometime maybe. But my treated everyone badly and I was tired of it. It was the less *The last str ?Yes, it reached the point where I couldn’t take it anymore.I see. So now you d on’t have a job.Right, I don’t have a job.But at least I don’t have to deal with my bos s thing. What are you going to do now?To be honest, I’m not sure. but I’ll fine something. I’ll get a job even if it pays less than before.Are you sorry for your quit.Yes and no. I guess I should have found another job first and then quit.Why didn’t yo u.As I said, he pushed me too far. There were some things that I just won't take.What about your wife.She isn’t happy that I don’t have a job but she understands. She knows I have temper.And she knows I wasn’t happy working there.Well, I get some luck. My job isn’t great. but I like the people I’m working with and I like my manager.Are you planning to stay there?I don’t know.For now, it’s ok. But of course it all depends on how things change.Well if you hear of any job openings, let me know, OK.Su re, send me your resume and I’ll let people know you’re looking.Thanks.it 3-2 listening朗朗Lang Lang is one of the world’s greatest concert /'kɑnsɚt/ pianist.His first contact with western music was when he was just 2 years old.He watched the canton /'kæntən/ in which a cat played a famous piece by Franz Liszt 弗朗兹·李斯特（匈牙利作曲家）. From this experience, he decided he wanted to learn to play piano.When he was 3 and a half years ago, he started piano lessons.2 years later, he won first place in the piano competition.This early success gave his father great hope that Lang Land will became the world greatest pianist. When Lang Lang was 9 years ago, his father quit his job and took him to Beijing.They left everything behind including his mother who had to work.Lang Lang didn’t want to leave her behind but his father insisted.His father wanted him to study at famous Central Conservatory of Music 中央音乐学院.When they moved to Beijing, they rented a flat in a poor area of the city.During this time, Lang Lang practiced several hours a day.They started practicing at 5 o’clock which upset his neighbors.They would often pound on敲打 his door and ask him to stop practicing.They were so angry that he often feared that they would beat him up毒打.Lang Lang usually had piano lessons once a week to prepare for the conservatory /kən'sɝvətɔri/音乐学校.Nearly 2000 students were applying for just 12 places at the conservatory.His lessons were expensive and very difficult, especially because of his piano teacher.His music teacher didn’t like Lang Lang.He called his teacher professor Angry because she always gave him a hard time.One afternoon, his teacher told him he had no talent and told him to go home.Hearing the news, his father screamed and seemed to lose his mind.His father told him that everything was destroyed and there was no reason to live.He ordered Lang Lang to jump off 跳下来 the 11th-floor balcony.After this, Lang Lang almost went crazy. He didn’t want to play the piano anymore.For several months, he neither played the piano nor spoke to his father.Then some friends encouraged him to play a piece for them and he realized his great love of piano. For the next 19 months, he practiced hard and his father encouraged him.Finally, when he was ten, he was accepted into the Conservatory with a full scholarship.In 1995, when he was 13 years old, he played music by show * at Beijing concert hall.In that same year, he won first place at an international competition for young musicians in Japan. When he was 15, he moved to the United States and began to study with the famous pianist at C institute.Since then, he career has grown and he has become a major star.One of the American music critics called him the biggest most exiting key of talent I haven’t encountered many a year of attention piano recycles.In 2010, Lang Lang signed a recalling contract for several million dollars.In 2011, he performed at white house for president Obama of United States and Hu Jintao of China. With all of his success and fame, Lang Lang tries to encourage others.He uses his fame to spread the popularity of classic music and encourage young musicians.And in the end, Lang Lang and his father have rebuilt their relationship.In his autobiography自传, Mr. Lang dedicated the book to his mother and father.it 3-2 vocabulary财务、地理A person debt is how much he or she owes to others.Debt can be in the form of money, products and services owes to someone else.If you borrow money, they were taking on new debt.An asset is something that has value, such as money, property or even a nice personality.Assets can be used to pay off debts.Specialized /'spɛʃə'laɪzd/ knowledge or skills are also assets that can be used to get a job or earn money.Real estate is properties such as land, houses and buildings.Buying, selling or renting property is the business of real estate.Buying or selling real estate is popular for investments.Inventory is a detail list of items in one’s possession /pə'zɛʃən/.In business, one’s inventory is the supply of items that are ready for sale.If a store runs out of the things for sale, it needs to resupply再供应 its inventory.An investment is the purchase of assets with the hope that its value will increase.A good investment can produce income, such as rent income.If the value of that assets falls, the investment will lose money.------------------------------------------------------------------China is the second largest country in the world by land area.A major issue for China is the continuing持续的 expansion of its desserts which had led the dust storms each spring. Many of the world most polluted cities are located there.Asia is referred to as Indian sub-continent.It’s called the sub-continent 次大陆because it separated from the rest of Asia by mountains and sea. It’s one of world’s poorest region with about 75% of the poor living in rural areas.Europe is western neighbor of Asia. It’s separate d from Asia by Ural Mountains乌拉尔 which extent for 1500 miles in the north south direction from the Antarctic/æntˈɑrktɪk/ ocean.The Philippines is the only country in Asia with a majority of Christians /'krɪstʃən/.The Philippines is an island Nation with over 7000 islands. It’s located on the south China sea.The country’s capital city is Manila马尼拉.Asia is the world largest continent covering about 30% of the earth land area.Several island nations are also a part of Asia, including Japan.The world’s tallest mountain is in Asia, including Mount Everest埃佛勒斯峰.it 3-2 dialogue谈论投票选举Hey, have you decided how you’re going to vote？Not, I haven’t. I don’t like any kind of candidates.So you aren’t going to vote.Mu. I don’t know. Probably not. It seems like a waste of time.Really, why do you think of a waste of time？Have you listened to any of their speeches?Yes, I have and I agree that their speeches aren’t very good.Exactly. I can’t believe anything they say. They are just saying what they think we want to hear. Sure, you want to get elected. I admit th at the system isn’t perfect and it’s always have . Whether I vote or not won’t make a difference. It’s all the show.Well, I think you should vote. Do a little research about the candidates.Have you?Yes, I have. I have looked into their backgrounds and their education.How can that help?For example, if they know something about science, it could help the government make a better decision about issues such as climate change.Yes, that’s good point. We need well-educated people make decisions.And I look to see what kind of people are supporting them.What issues do you think are most important?I guess for me, pollution, housing and taxes are important.I want to know how government plans to deal with these issues.Yes, I agree with you. Maybe I will vote, especially if we could get together and talk more about it. What about dinner tomorrow night?Sorry, I’m busy tomorrow night.Oh, that’s too bad. Do you have any time in the next few days? I will take you to a nice restaurant. Actually, I’m quite busy. But I may have time Sun day afternoon. We can have lunch someone near the office.Sure, that was for me. I will give you a call on Saturday and we can decide the details, ok?OK, I will be looking forward to seeing which candidate you support.L4 Unit 3-3 listening 蜜蜂、蜂农与环境Honeybees play an interesting and important role in nature.In additional to making honey, honeybees help many plants reproduce.They do this by pollinating the plant which means to transfer pollen.Pollination授粉 occurs when pollen /'pɑlən/ 花粉 is moved wit hin a plant’s flower or carried to another flower. This is how the plant reproduce.For reproduction to succeed, the pollen must be transferred from the male part of the flower to the female part. Many plants depend on the pollen for reproduction. This included many fruits and vegetables.Beside honeybees, there are many other pollinators including birds, insects and other kind of bees. Without enough pollinators, many of our favorite fruits and vegetable will become more expensive and hard to find. This included almonds and cherries.Honeybee are important pollinators and play an important role in agriculture.Beekeepers are people who keep honeybees.In addition to collecting honey, some beekeepers provide pollination services for farmers.They do this by raising and managing colonies殖民地 of bees.Farmers need colonies to pollinate their crops.Beekeepers can provide and manage of bee colonies to farmers.Honeybees are social insects that live in colonies.A bee colony consists of a queen bee, male drones 雄蜂 and thousands of male worker bees.Each colony also contains eggs and immature未成熟的 bees in various stage of development.The number of bees within a colony depends on the seasonal changes.A colony’s population increases during the warm season and decreases during the colder season.In recent year, many bee colonies have collapsed or disappeared.A bee colony collapses occurs when a majority of bee in colony disappear and leave behind the queen.Some beekeepers have reported losing 30 to 90 % of their colonies.This loss of bee colonies can cause significant problems for farmers who depend on them to pollinate their crops.In some parts of the world, a shortage of bees has increased the cost of renting bees by up to 20%. There are several possible causes for bee colony collapse. One possible collapse is the use of new pesticides农药.Other possible causes include infections from viruses, genetic factors遗传因素 and malnutrition （营养不良）.Changing weather patterns may also play a role as summers get hotter and winters get colder. These changes in weather may weaken the bees, making it more difficult for them to fight infections. Whatever the causes of colony collapse, it’s important to understand that many parts of our world are interdependent.Changes that effect on one species may have serious effects on other species.A change to our environment, can start a chain of event that is difficult to predict.In any complex system such as the earth environment, small changes can cause a un consequences. The danger of un consequences is something that we all need to understand better.L4 Unit 3-3 vocabulary 商品、服务和工作Goods and services supply what people need or want.Goods are things such food and clothing.Services included things such as health care and police protection.A country needs natural and human resources.Natural resources include fresh water supplies, farmland and energy sources such as oil and wind. Human resources includes a skilled workforce that can produce goods and services.Once we had supplies of goods and services, they need to distribute throughout the country. Highways and railways are both way to transport thing from one part of country to another. Electricity are distributed through a system of transmition lines.We live in an age of advertising.Advertising lets people know about goods and services.It educates people about a product being advertised.Trade allows for the exchange of goods and services between different countries.Exports are goods and services that are sold to another country.Imports are goods and services that are brought from other country.For example, many countries import oil from countries such as Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯. Employees are the people who work for a company.Some employees do basic work such as operating a machine or driving a track.People who hire and direct the work of other are managers.Interview is one way to find out about a person who applies for a job.In an interview, the applicants can ask question about a company and company can find out about a person’s skills and experience.An entrepreneur is someone who starts a company.Entrepreneurs often have new ideas and ways of doing things that can give company advantage. Salary and benefits are used to attract new employees into a company.If the salary and benefits are good enough, employees may take a job and stay with the company. Benefits includes vacation time, health insurance and bonuses for employees who do a good job. When apply for job, it’s important to have skil ls and experience needed for the job.Developing and increasing skills and experience is good way to prepare for a job.Each job a person has is an opportunity to learn new things and develop new skills.Advertises try to increase to the demand for a product or service.Education and training are ways to develop a skilled workforce unforeseenL4 Unit 3-3 dialogue 谈论租房与房东You don’t look g ood, is something bothering you？Yes, it’s my landlord房东.Oh, is it something wrong with your flat.No, that’s not something wrong with the flat. But I’m going to have to move out.Why did you have to move out?For the last 2 month, a friend has been staying with me. She stayed until she could find a job. That’s nice of you.Yes, but I’m not supposed to have anyone stayi ng there.Was that in the rental agreement？Yes, it was. It’s ok if a friend stays for a few days but not for more than that.So you broke the agreement even though it was for a good reason.Anyway, one of my neighbors told the landlords about my friend. S o now I’m in trouble. The landlord is angry and says she can’t trust me.That’s ridiculous.I told her about my friend and how I’m trying to help her, but she doesn’t care.Wow, she doesn’t sound very nice.That’s right, she isn’t nice. She’s just interest ed in money. In fact, she is going to keep my security deposit 押金.How can she do that？ Nothing is damaged, right.Right, everything in the flat is fine.She’s keeping the deposit because I broke the rental agreement.What about your rent？Yes , that’s ano ther problem. I already pay 3 months rent so I hope I can get it back.What can you do if she doesn’t return it？I don’t know. I told to my agent. He’s nice and maybe he can help.Maybe I should refuse to leave the flat until I get it back.Be sure to take picture of your flat.What for?Just to show the condition of your flat. Then she can’t say your friend damaged it anyway.Good idea. She’s a small-minded心胸狭窄的, evil woman. I should never have rented it from her in the first place.L4 Unit 3-4 listening 职业What kind of career is the best and what kind of qualification?One of most popular careers for kids is the to become an astronaut.Many kids dream of going space when they grow up.They dream of work on a space station or exploring deep space.To be come an astronaut, it’s important to have the right background.Many astronauts have a background in engineering, physics or medicine.Sometimes they have a military background, such as flying military aircraft.As for pay, astronaut can earn a good salary but not great.Another popular career is to become a musician or actor.Many kids dream of become a famous singer or movie stars.However, most of musician or actor don’t become famous.They are usually paid by the hour or by the performance.Only a very few have lots of money.So the best advice is not to be a musician or actor unless that’s your real passion.Becoming a professional athlete is another dream job for many.It’s nice to imagine play a favorite sport and getting paid for it.However, becoming a famous athlete takes a lot of work and practice.Great athletes practice for hours a day with teammates and coaches.They also work regularly with trainers to keep their body strong.The level of pay for athletes depends on the success and the level of their performance.Athletes often have short career because of the physical requirement of their sport.When you are no longer able to compete in a high level, some athletes become coaches. Firefighters and police officers are important job that help and protect people.These careers require applicants to complete training programs and pass the written and physical tests.These jobs can be exciting and dangerous so they require courage and sometimes sacrifice.When considering salary and benefits, some of the lowest paying jobs are in the hospitality and beauty industries. For example, food service worker and hairstyles generously have low salaries. This kind of job don’t require much of the education or training.But again, if you enj oy what you’re doing, that may be good enough.For example, you may really enjoy talking with your customers.Spending your life doing something you dislike can be very unsatisfying, even if the salary is high. Some of the highest paid professions includes doctors, lawyers and scientists.However, these professions 职业 require high level of education and training.The path to becoming a doctor, for example, is a long one.Doctors require a university degree, several years in medical school, and several more years in experience.Only then are they certified as a medical doctor or MD.So it doesn’t make sense to consider these professions unless you are willing to work hard for many years.And because, you should really care doing the work well.L4 Unit 3-4 vocabulary 战争和生物Civil 内战wars are fought between citizens of the same country and are fought within the country. If citizens of a country disagree about the policy or leader, they may fight a civil war.A world war is fought when countries form alliances and these alliances fight each other.A world war involves many or most of the world’s most powerful countries.There were 2 world war in the 20th century.Terrorism involves groups of individuals rather than countries.Terrorists may come from different countries and they may share the same beliefs.Terrorists often use car-bombings or suicide attacks on innocent people.A terrorist attack can happen at any time and any place.An invasion侵略 occurs when one country attacks another.It sends its army to the other country and attempts to take control.One of most famous invasions was when France invaded Russia in 1812.A defensive 防御的 war occurs when a country is attacked and needs to defend itself.Most of countries have military so that it can defend itself if it’s attacked.When France invaded Russia in 1812, the Russia army fought a defensive war and defeated the French army.A cell 细胞 is the basic unit of life.A cell is smallest structure that can live and reproduce.Cells grow and develop, reproduce and interact with the environment.Photosynthesis光合作用/,foto'sɪnθəsɪs/ was one of most important biological processes.It allows plants to capture and use light as an energy source.Photosynthesis is the process of converting light energy into chemical energy.A virus is small biological structure that attacks and enters cells.Once inside a cell, a virus reproduces and makes many copies of itself.Some diseases such influenza /,ɪnflu'ɛnzə/ (流感)are viruses.Bacteria are one-celled forms of life that are all around us.Although they have a single cell structure, they are very important.Many bacteria are inside us and help us digest our food.DNA is a complex molecule that stores information and can make copies of itself.Nearly an y cells in a person’s body has the same DNA.The information stored in DNA tells cells what to do and it’s necessary for reproduction.L4 Unit 3-4 dialogue 旅馆更换房间Good evening, sir. How can I help you?Yes, we just check in and our room is unacceptable. It’s room 1810.Is there something wrong with the room?Yes, there certainly is. We requested a non-smoking room but the room smiles of smoke.Let me check. Yes, that room is supposed to be a non-smoking room.Well, somebody certainly doesn’t follow the ru les. The current smoke is cigars. We can hardly breath and the windows don’t open.Right, the windows don’t open, sir. I really sorry about this. Let me see if I can find you another room.Yes, please. We certainly can’t stay in that room. Both our kids ha ve asthma哮喘 /'æzmə/, so the smell of smoke can cause breathing problems.Yes, I understand your concern. Sir, I’m afraid we don’t have any other rooms with two double beds. If you’ll excuse me, I will speak with my manager.Thank you. We were really tired and we would like to get rest as soon as possible.Yes, I understand. If you don’t mind, could you wait in the lounge 休息室 near the elevators? I shouldn’t be long.Sure, I hope it doesn’t take time.Good evening, I’m the manager here. I’m sorry to hear abo ut your room.Yes, we are not happy and we were really tired. I hope you can help us.I’m sure we can. Since we don’t have another non-smoking room for you, we will upgrade your suite. Will that be ok?Yes, there will be fine. There is no extra cost, right.No, sir. There would be no extra charge.And it’s non-smoking, right.Yes, sir. I’ve confirmed that is non-smoking.Thanks I really appreciate your help.It’s my pleasure, sir. I hope you and your family have a wonderful stay with us. Here is my card. If there is anything else I can do for you, please let me know.I will. Have a good evening.Thank you, sir. And once again, let me apology for the same inconvenience.。

懂你英语Level4 Unit 3 Part1it 3-1 listening时间花费Look at these 2 pie graphs. They show how these 2 people spend their days, not including weekends. The one on the top shows how Emma divides up her days. She is a designer who works for a company. As Emma’s graph shows, the biggest portion部分of her day is spent working.She works an average of 8 hours a day, which is one third of her day.She gets an average of 6 hours to sleep which is 25% of her day. That’s less sleep than Martin gets. According to his graph, he gets an average of 7 hours to sleep which is about 29% of his day.On the other hand, Martine who is engineer, works more hours than Emma does.Martine average 9 hours a day at work co mpare to Emma’s 8. That’s 37.5% compare to 33%.Other factors shown in the graph included time for meals and commuting to work.Other activities include getting dress and doing household chores such as doing laundry and paying bills. As you can see, for Martin, commuting is taking a large amount of his time.If he could reduce his commute time, he will have more time for other things. And it isn’t just the time. When the traffic is really heavy his commute is stressful.It will be great if he can work from home one or two days a week. He life will be more enjoyable. And we look at Emma’s graph, we see she probably needs more sleep.Perhaps, she should spend a bit less time socializing with her friends.On the other hand, socializing with her friend is something she really values.As for putting on makeup, she isn’t willing to change that.For her, exercising, socializing and staying beautiful help her deal with the stressful work.In conclusion, Emma and Martin both wish there were more hours in a day.This next graph shows how various factors compare important to 1350 jobs applicants.Applicants were between 20 to 25 years ago.They were asked to list which factors were most important for a good job.As the graph shows, money was the most important factor for 25% of the applicants.However, other factors are also important. The second most important factor was the work environment. In other words, for many, money is everything.People want to like where they work.In fact, if we combine working environment and co-workers, the total is 35%.This is well above the 25% for salary and benefits.Taking together, they are more important than salary and benefits.Career path is also important especially for younger applicants.They want to see that their job helps to build a successful career.For older workers, this may not be as important.Older workers often put the higher value on the balance between life and work. What do you think.it 3-1 vocabulary领土、军事、政治、政权状态The government of a country is a control system.Governments make laws and provide services to their citizens.The land over which a government has controlled, is its territory /'tɛrətɔri/领土.A country’s territory has boundaries/'baʊndri/ or borders.When you leave or enter a country’s territory, you usually need a passport.The territory of a country is defined by its boundaries.A country’s military provides defense for its territory and its citizens.The military includes an army, an air force and a navy.The main purpose of a military, is to defend a country from attack.A country’s criminal justice system includes the police, courts and prisons.Its purpose is to enforce the law and protect the people from criminal activities.A country social services system provides support to people in need.It provides basic health care services and helps poor people support their children.-----------------------------------------------------------------Anarchy /'ænɚki/ n.混乱;无政府状态;无秩序autocracy /ɔ'tɑkrəsi/ n.独裁;独裁统治;独裁政府;独裁政体Oligarchy /'ɑlə'gɑrki/ n.寡头统治的政府;寡头政治的执政集团;寡头统治的国家--------------------------------------------------------------------------A state of anarchy exits when a country has no effective government.In anarchy, there is nobody to make decisions or enforce the laws.An autocracy is the simplest form of government.In an autocracy, the government is controlled by single individual, known as autocrat.Whether or not an autocracy is successful, depends on the character and ability of the leader.In an oligarchy, a small group of people controls the government.Membership in this group often depends on family connection, wealth or military power.In a republic, individuals are elected to represent the citizens.The power of government in a republic is limited by a constitution.A constitution is a written document that makes the rules for a government to follow.This limits the power of a government.A constitution defines the relationship between the government and its citizens.it 3-1 dialogue谈论工作I hear you lost your job, is that right?Yes, that’s right. I quit. I quit because the way my boss treats people.What happen.I was n’t feeling good one day and he yelled at me. While I told him not to yell at对...吼叫me, he threatened me. Is that all. That’s what bosses do.Sure, sometime maybe. But my treated everyone badly and I was tired of it. It was the less *The last str ?Yes, it reached the point where I couldn’t take it anymore.I see. So now you d on’t have a job.Right, I don’t have a job.But at least I don’t have to deal with my boss thing. What are you going to do now?To be honest, I’m not sure. but I’ll fine something. I’ll get a job even if it pays less than before.Are you sorry for your quit.Yes and no. I guess I should have found another job first and then quit.Why didn’t you.As I said, he pushed me too far. There were some things that I just won't take.What about your wife.She isn’t happy that I don’t have a job but she understands. S he knows I have temper.And she knows I wasn’t happy working there.Well, I get some luck. My job isn’t great. but I like the people I’m working with and I like my manager.Are you planning to stay there?I don’t know.For now, it’s ok. But of course it al l depends on how things change.Well if you hear of any job openings, let me know, OK.Sure, send me your resume and I’ll let people know you’re looking.Thanks.it 3-2 listening朗朗Lang Lang is one of the world’s greatest concert /'kɑnsɚt/ pianist.His first contact with western music was when he was just 2 years old.He watched the canton/'kæntən/ in which a cat played a famous piece by Franz Liszt 弗朗兹·李斯特（匈牙利作曲家）. From this experience, he decided he wanted to learn to play piano.When he was 3 and a half years ago, he started piano lessons.2 years later, he won first place in the piano competition.This early success gave his father great hope that Lang Land will became the world greatest pianist.When Lang Lang was 9 years ago, his father quit his job and took him to Beijing.They left everything behind including his mother who had to work.Lang Lang didn’t want to leave her behind but his father insisted.His father wanted him to study at famous Central Conservatory of Music 中央音乐学院.When they moved to Beijing, they rented a flat in a poor area of the city.During this time, Lang Lang practiced several hours a day.They started practicing at 5 o’clock which upset his neighbors.They would often pound on敲打his door and ask him to stop practicing.They were so angry that he often feared that they would beat him up毒打.Lang Lang usually had piano lessons once a week to prepare for the conservatory /kən'sɝvətɔri/音乐学校. Nearly 2000 students were applying for just 12 places at the conservatory.His lessons were expensive and very difficult, especially because of his piano teacher.His music teacher didn’t like Lang Lang.He called his teacher professor Angry because she always gave him a hard time.One afternoon, his teacher told him he had no talent and told him to go home.Hearing the news, his father screamed and seemed to lose his mind.His father told him that everything was destroyed and there was no reason to live.He ordered Lang Lang to jump off 跳下来the 11th-floor balcony.After this, Lang Lang almost went crazy. He didn’t want to play the piano anymore.For several months, he neither played the piano nor spoke to his father.Then some friends encouraged him to play a piece for them and he realized his great love of piano.For the next 19 months, he practiced hard and his father encouraged him.Finally, when he was ten, he was accepted into the Conservatory with a full scholarship.In 1995, when he was 13 years old, he played music by show * at Beijing concert hall.In that same year, he won first place at an international competition for young musicians in Japan.When he was 15, he moved to the United States and began to study with the famous pianist at C institute.Since then, he career has grown and he has become a major star.One of the American music critics called him the biggest most exiting key of talent I haven’t encountered many a year of attention piano recycles.In 2010, Lang Lang signed a recalling contract for several million dollars.In 2011, he performed at white house for president Obama of United States and Hu Jintao of China.With all of his success and fame, Lang Lang tries to encourage others.He uses his fame to spread the popularity of classic music and encourage young musicians.And in the end, Lang Lang and his father have rebuilt their relationship.In his autobiography自传, Mr. Lang dedicated the book to his mother and father.it 3-2 vocabulary财务、地理A person debt is how much he or she owes to others.Debt can be in the form of money, products and services owes to someone else.If you borrow money, they were taking on new debt.An asset is something that has value, such as money, property or even a nice personality.Assets can be used to pay off debts.Specialized /'spɛʃə'laɪzd/ knowledge or skills are also assets that can be used to get a job or earn money.Real estate is properties such as land, houses and buildings.Buying, selling or renting property is the business of real estate.Buying or selling real estate is popular for investments.Inventory is a detail list of items in one’s possession /pə'zɛʃən/.In business, one’s inventory is the supply of items that are ready for sale.If a store runs out of the things for sale, it needs to resupply再供应its inventory.An investment is the purchase of assets with the hope that its value will increase.A good investment can produce income, such as rent income.If the value of that assets falls, the investment will lose money.------------------------------------------------------------------China is the second largest country in the world by land area.A major issue for China is the continuing持续的expansion of its desserts which had led the dust storms each spring. Many of the world most polluted cities are located there.Asia is referred to as Indian sub-continent.It’s called the sub-continent 次大陆because it separated from the rest of Asia by mountains and sea.It’s one of world’s poorest region with about 75% of the poor living in rural areas.Europe is western neighbor of Asia. It’s separate d from Asia by Ural Mountains乌拉尔which extent for 1500 miles in the north south direction from the Antarctic/æntˈɑrktɪk/ ocean.The Philippines is the only country in Asia with a majority of Christians /'krɪstʃən/.The Philippines is an island Nation with over 7000 islands. It’s located on the south China sea.The country’s capital city is Manila马尼拉.Asia is the world largest continent covering about 30% of the earth land area.Several island nations are also a part of Asia, including Japan.The world’s tallest mountain is in Asia, including Mount Everest埃佛勒斯峰.it 3-2 dialogue谈论投票选举Hey, have you dec ided how you’re going to vote？Not, I haven’t. I don’t like any kind of candidates.So you aren’t going to vote.Mu. I don’t know. Probably not. It seems like a waste of time.Really, why do you think of a waste of time？Have you listened to any of their speeches?Yes, I have and I agree that their speeches aren’t very good.Exactly. I can’t believe anything they say. They are just saying what they think we want to hear.Sure, you want to get elected. I admit th at the system isn’t perfect and it’s always ha ve .Whether I vote or not won’t make a difference. It’s all the show.Well, I think you should vote. Do a little research about the candidates.Have you?Yes, I have. I have looked into their backgrounds and their education.How can that help?For example, if they know something about science, it could help the government make a better decision about issues such as climate change.Yes, that’s good point. We need well-educated people make decisions.And I look to see what kind of people are supporting them.What issues do you think are most important?I guess for me, pollution, housing and taxes are important.I want to know how government plans to deal with these issues.Yes, I agree with you. Maybe I will vote, especially if we could get together and talk more about it.What about dinner tomorrow night?Sorry, I’m busy tomorrow night.Oh, that’s too bad. Do you have any time in the next few days? I will take you to a nice restaurant.Actually, I’m quite busy. But I may have time Sunday afternoon. We ca n have lunch someone near the office. Sure, that was for me. I will give you a call on Saturday and we can decide the details, ok?OK, I will be looking forward to seeing which candidate you support.L4 Unit 3-3 listening 蜜蜂、蜂农与环境Honeybees play an interesting and important role in nature.In additional to making honey, honeybees help many plants reproduce.They do this by pollinating the plant which means to transfer pollen.Pollination授粉occurs when pollen/'pɑlən/ 花粉is moved within a plant’s flower or carried to another flower. This is how the plant reproduce.For reproduction to succeed, the pollen must be transferred from the male part of the flower to the female part. Many plants depend on the pollen for reproduction. This included many fruits and vegetables.Beside honeybees, there are many other pollinators including birds, insects and other kind of bees.Without enough pollinators, many of our favorite fruits and vegetable will become more expensive and hard to find. This included almonds and cherries.Honeybee are important pollinators and play an important role in agriculture.Beekeepers are people who keep honeybees.In addition to collecting honey, some beekeepers provide pollination services for farmers.They do this by raising and managing colonies殖民地of bees.Farmers need colonies to pollinate their crops.Beekeepers can provide and manage of bee colonies to farmers.Honeybees are social insects that live in colonies.A bee colony consists of a queen bee, male drones 雄蜂and thousands of male worker bees.Each colony also contains eggs and immature未成熟的bees in various stage of development.The number of bees within a colony depends on the seasonal changes.A colony’s population increases during the warm season and decreases during the colder season.In recent year, many bee colonies have collapsed or disappeared.A bee colony collapses occurs when a majority of bee in colony disappear and leave behind the queen.Some beekeepers have reported losing 30 to 90 % of their colonies.This loss of bee colonies can cause significant problems for farmers who depend on them to pollinate their crops.In some parts of the world, a shortage of bees has increased the cost of renting bees by up to 20%.There are several possible causes for bee colony collapse. One possible collapse is the use of new pesticides农药. Other possible causes include infections from viruses, genetic factors遗传因素and malnutrition（营养不良）. Changing weather patterns may also play a role as summers get hotter and winters get colder.These changes in weather may weaken the bees, making it more difficult for them to fight infections.Whatever the causes of colony collapse, it’s important to un derstand that many parts of our world are interdependent.Changes that effect on one species may have serious effects on other species.A change to our environment, can start a chain of event that is difficult to predict.In any complex system such as the earth environment, small changes can cause a un consequences.The danger of un consequences is something that we all need to understand better.L4 Unit 3-3 vocabulary 商品、服务和工作Goods and services supply what people need or want.Goods are things such food and clothing.Services included things such as health care and police protection.A country needs natural and human resources.Natural resources include fresh water supplies, farmland and energy sources such as oil and wind.Human resources includes a skilled workforce that can produce goods and services.Once we had supplies of goods and services, they need to distribute throughout the country.Highways and railways are both way to transport thing from one part of country to another.Electricity are distributed through a system of transmition lines.We live in an age of advertising.Advertising lets people know about goods and services.It educates people about a product being advertised.Trade allows for the exchange of goods and services between different countries.Exports are goods and services that are sold to another country.Imports are goods and services that are brought from other country.For example, many countries import oil from countries such as Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯.Employees are the people who work for a company.Some employees do basic work such as operating a machine or driving a track.People who hire and direct the work of other are managers.Interview is one way to find out about a person who applies for a job.In an inte rview, the applicants can ask question about a company and company can find out about a person’s skills and experience.An entrepreneur is someone who starts a company.Entrepreneurs often have new ideas and ways of doing things that can give company advantage.Salary and benefits are used to attract new employees into a company.If the salary and benefits are good enough, employees may take a job and stay with the company.Benefits includes vacation time, health insurance and bonuses for employees who do a good job.When apply for job, it’s important to have skills and experience needed for the job.Developing and increasing skills and experience is good way to prepare for a job.Each job a person has is an opportunity to learn new things and develop new skills.Advertises try to increase to the demand for a product or service.Education and training are ways to develop a skilled workforce unforeseenL4 Unit 3-3 dialogue 谈论租房与房东You don’t look g ood, is something bothering you？Yes, it’s my landlord房东.Oh, is it something wrong with your flat.No, that’s not something wrong with the flat. But I’m going to have to move out.Why did you have to move out?For the last 2 month, a friend has been staying with me. She stayed until she could find a job.Tha t’s nice of you.Yes, but I’m not supposed to have anyone staying there.Was that in the rental agreement？Yes, it was. It’s ok if a friend stays for a few days but not for more than that.So you broke the agreement even though it was for a good reason.Anyway, one of my neighbors told the landlords about my friend. So now I’m in trouble. The landlord is angry and says she can’t trust me.That’s ridiculous.I told her about my friend and how I’m trying to help her, but she doesn’t care.Wow, she doesn’t s ound very nice.That’s right, she isn’t nice. She’s just interested in money. In fact, she is going to keep my security deposit 押金. How can she do that？Nothing is damaged, right.Right, everything in the flat is fine.She’s keeping the deposit because I b roke the rental agreement.What about your rent？Yes , that’s another problem. I already pay 3 months rent so I hope I can get it back.What can you do if she doesn’t return it？I don’t know. I told to my agent. He’s nice and maybe he can help.Maybe I should refuse to leave the flat until I get it back.Be sure to take picture of your flat.What for?Just to show the condition of your flat. Then she can’t say your friend damaged it anyway.Good idea. She’s a small-minded心胸狭窄的, evil woman. I should never have rented it from her in the first place.L4 Unit 3-4 listening 职业What kind of career is the best and what kind of qualification?One of most popular careers for kids is the to become an astronaut.Many kids dream of going space when they grow up.They dream of work on a space station or exploring deep space.To become an astronaut, it’s important to have the right background.Many astronauts have a background in engineering, physics or medicine.Sometimes they have a military background, such as flying military aircraft.As for pay, astronaut can earn a good salary but not great.Another popular career is to become a musician or actor.Many kids dream of become a famous singer or movie stars.However, most of musician or actor don’t become famou s.They are usually paid by the hour or by the performance.Only a very few have lots of money.So the best advice is not to be a musician or actor unless that’s your real passion.Becoming a professional athlete is another dream job for many.It’s ni ce to imagine play a favorite sport and getting paid for it.However, becoming a famous athlete takes a lot of work and practice.Great athletes practice for hours a day with teammates and coaches.They also work regularly with trainers to keep their body strong.The level of pay for athletes depends on the success and the level of their performance.Athletes often have short career because of the physical requirement of their sport.When you are no longer able to compete in a high level, some athletes become coaches.Firefighters and police officers are important job that help and protect people.These careers require applicants to complete training programs and pass the written and physical tests.These jobs can be exciting and dangerous so they require courage and sometimes sacrifice.When considering salary and benefits, some of the lowest paying jobs are in the hospitality and beauty industries. For example, food service worker and hairstyles generously have low salaries.This kind of j ob don’t require much of the education or training.But again, if you enjoy what you’re doing, that may be good enough.For example, you may really enjoy talking with your customers.Spending your life doing something you dislike can be very unsatisfying, even if the salary is high.Some of the highest paid professions includes doctors, lawyers and scientists.However, these professions 职业require high level of education and training.The path to becoming a doctor, for example, is a long one.Doctors require a university degree, several years in medical school, and several more years in experience.Only then are they certified as a medical doctor or MD.So it doesn’t make sense to consider these professions unless you are willing to work hard for ma ny years.And because, you should really care doing the work well.L4 Unit 3-4 vocabulary 战争和生物Civil 内战wars are fought between citizens of the same country and are fought within the country.If citizens of a country disagree about the policy or leader, they may fight a civil war.A world war is fought when countries form alliances and these alliances fight each other.A world war involves many or most of the world’s most powerful countries.There were 2 world war in the 20th century.Terrorism involves groups of individuals rather than countries.Terrorists may come from different countries and they may share the same beliefs.Terrorists often use car-bombings or suicide attacks on innocent people.A terrorist attack can happen at any time and any place.An invasion侵略occurs when one country attacks another.It sends its army to the other country and attempts to take control.One of most famous invasions was when France invaded Russia in 1812.A defensive 防御的war occurs when a country is attacked and needs to defend itself.Most of countries have military so that it can defend itself if it’s attacked.When France invaded Russia in 1812, the Russia army fought a defensive war and defeated the French army.A cell 细胞is the basic unit of life.A cell is smallest structure that can live and reproduce.Cells grow and develop, reproduce and interact with the environment.Photosynthesis光合作用/,foto'sɪnθəsɪs/ was one of most important biological processes.It allows plants to capture and use light as an energy source.Photosynthesis is the process of converting light energy into chemical energy.A virus is small biological structure that attacks and enters cells.Once inside a cell, a virus reproduces and makes many copies of itself.Some diseases such influenza /,ɪnflu'ɛnzə/ (流感)are viruses.Bacteria are one-celled forms of life that are all around us.Although they have a single cell structure, they are very important.Many bacteria are inside us and help us digest our food.DNA is a complex molecule that stores information and can make copies of itself.Nearly any cells in a person’s body has the same DNA.The information stored in DNA tells cells what to do and it’s necessary for reproduction.L4 Unit 3-4 dialogue 旅馆更换房间Good evening, sir. How can I help you?Yes, we just check in and our room is unacceptable. It’s room 1810.Is there something wrong with the room?Yes, there certainly is. We requested a non-smoking room but the room smiles of smoke.Let me check. Yes, that room is supposed to be a non-smoking room.Well, somebody certainly doesn’t follow the rules. The current smoke is cigars. We can hardly breath and the windows don’t open.Right, the windows don’t open, sir. I really sorry about this. Let me see if I can find you another room.Yes, please. We certainly can’t stay in that room. Both our kids have asthma哮喘/'æzmə/, so the smell of smoke can cause breathing problems.Yes, I understand your concern. Sir, I’m afraid we don’t have any other rooms with two double beds. If you’ll excuse me, I will speak with my manager.Thank you. We were really tired and we would like to get rest as soon as possible.Yes, I understand. If you don’t mind, could you wait in the lounge 休息室near the elevators? I sh ouldn’t be long. Sure, I hope it doesn’t take time.Good evening, I’m the manager here. I’m sorry to hear about your room.Yes, we are not happy and we were really tired. I hope you can help us.I’m sure we can. Since we don’t have another non-smoking room for you, we will upgrade your suite. Will that be ok?Yes, there will be fine. There is no extra cost, right.No, sir. There would be no extra charge.And it’s non-smoking, right.Yes, sir. I’ve confirmed that is non-smoking.Thanks I really appreciate your help.It’s my pleasure, sir. I hope you and your family have a wonderful stay with us. Here is my card. If there is anything else I can do for you, please let me know.I will. Have a good evening.Thank you, sir. And once again, let me apology for the same inconvenience.。

L4 Unit 2-1Listening物种、环境The earth was born about 4.6 million years ago. The first life appeared about a billion years later. The first plant didn’t appear until around 2 billion years ago. Until around 580 million years ago, life formedweresmall and microscopic (微笑的). Since that time, lives has evolved to many different types and species. However, scientists estimate that more than 99% of them are now extinct.They have been several extinction events in the history of the earth. In the extinction event, many life forms or species of life die out. The causes of the massive extinction events are unsoughtmystery. These events are not predictable and can happen at any time. Scientists think that some of that started by asteroid pass or volcano corruption. Events like this, can change the global conditions that life depends on.One major extinction event, happened about 66 million years ago. That event may have been started by a large asteroid that hit the earth. As a result, the dinosaurs and about half of the all species on the planet, died out. When the asteroid hit the earth, it started a chain of events. A chain of event is a series of events linked together, like a chain.These particular chain of events happened over a period of months and years. When the asteroid hit the earth, it caused huge cloud of dust to enter the atmosphere. This cloud of dust blocked the sun and darken the earth for a period of months. Without enoughsunlight, plants and plant-eating animals, quickly died. With the deaths of so many plants and animals, the food chain collapsed . This led to the deaths of many more species.Mass extinction events had played important part in the evolution of life. In fact, some extinction events had helped to accelerate evolution. For example, somem ammals lived to the age of dinosaurs, but they couldn’t compete. When the dinosaurs were removed, the mammals were able to compete more successfully. Once they could compete, mammal evolved to a higher state. Without the extinction event, perhaps we wouldn’t be here today.Scientist estimate that there have been at least 5 massive extinctions in the pass 540 million years. They also believed that we had entered a new extinction event. Species are becoming extinct at a much faster rate than before. Instead of the asteroid and volcano corruptions, the current event is the result of human activities. Human activities, for example, had led to global warming.Global warming is the result of an increase in carbon gases in our atmosphere. These gases trap heat from the sun, so the earth is getting warmer. As a result, sea levels are rising and weather patterns are changing. In addition, we humans are destroying habitats of many plants and animals. Cutting down forest and polluting rivers destroys the habitats of many forms of life.There is no longer any doubt that this is happening. Specials of lives are disappearing at an increasing rate. Global temperatures are rising and weather patterns are changing. Scientists are warning us that fast action is necessary to save our future. If we don’t act, we may go the way of the dinosaurs.L4 Unit 2-1 vocabulary身体系统、产业、技术The body circulatory system includes the heart and blood vessels. The heart pumps the bloods to all parts of body through a network of arteries and vein.The digestive system breaks down and absorbs food into the body. It supplies the energy that the body need s for growth and repair. After digestion, excess food is turned into waste and eliminated from the body.The nervous system includes the brain, spinal cordand nerves. This is your control system. It controls your muscles and organs included your circulatory system and digestive system.The respiratory system includes your nose and lungs. It brings air and oxygen into your body and remove the carbon dioxide from the body. The lungs are where oxygen enters the bloodstream and carbon dioxide is removed.Immune system protects body against the infections and diseases. Sneezing and fever are examples of how the immune systems works. If the infection invades the body and the immune system attacks it.The control use of fire allowed people to cook food and survive in the colder climates. Fire provided the light so that people could work and socialize for longer hours.With the invention of agriculture, people can grow food and settle into communities. By growing food, people can spend less time hunting and more time on other things, such as art.The domestication of animals allows people to raise and use animals for food and work. By raise herds of animals, such as sheep, people have regular supply of meat and clothing. The strength of animals such as horses and oxen was used for work and transportation.The development of tools and machines has resulted in a more fashion manufacturing and construction. With better tools and machines, works can be done with fewer people and much lower cost.The development of science and engineering has improved many thing including communications. With understanding of electricity, telephone and radios allow people to communicate over long distances.The use of machines has reduced the number of people needed to make things.L4 Unit 2-1 dialogue谈论手机和老板Itook a vacation last night.What are you talking about. Where did you take the vacation.I didn’t go anywhere. i just left with my smartphone.How was it.It was great. I got a real magazine and read it with no interpretation . It was very peaceful. Yes, I haven’t done that for a long time.You know what, I begin to hate smartphone.Really, but you can’t live without one, right.Yes, that’s the problem.This change the way people live.Yes, I just so on documentary about that. A husband was complaining his wife that she was spending too much time on her smartphone.What happened, did they get divorced.You guess it. In the end, they got divorced.It is a bit ironic , don’t you think. Smartphones were supposed to bring people together but they are pulling people apart.Yes, you are right.Hey, just a minute, I’ve a message on smartphone and it can’t wait.Hey, wake up and get back to work.What’s wrong with you.I ’m on my break sir and I had a bad headache.Well, you’re not paying you to sleep.If you’re going to sleep, sleep some places else.Yes, sir, it won’t happen again.You had better not.Just a minute. Don’t tell me like that.What did you say.You hurt me, you don’t have to treat people like that.Well, if you don’t like it, I suggest you leave.Ok, I will. I pet enough of you. I will get a job somewhere else.L4 Unit 2-2 Listening概率、角度This man is holding a piece of food in this hand. The piece of food is either an orange or an apple. What can’t see which it’s because we can see inside the box. The probability that it is an orange is equal to the probability that it is an apple. It may be an apple or it may be an orange. It’s going to be one or the other. It can’t be anything else.Now let’s look at it from the man’s point of view. From his point of view, the probability is different. From his point of view, the possibility that he has an orange is 100% or 0%. That’s because he kn ows what he has. For hi m, that is not uncertainty. If he has an orange, the probability is 100%. If he doesn’t have an orange, the probability is 0%. He either has it or he doesn’t.From our point of view, the probability that he has an orange is 50%. From his point of view, the probability that he has an orange is 100% or 0%. So the probability depends on the point of view.People see things from different points of view. This often leads to arguments between the people. Here are some examples. From his m an’s point of view, he is relaxing. He needs to relax because he has been working too hard. He hasn’t been getting sleep. His wife see things differently. She isn’t aware of how hard he has been working. From her point of view, he is doing nothing. However, she knows what needs to be done around the house. It isn’t fair that she has to work while he does nothing. When people see things from different points of view, they often come to different conclusion. This differences can cause real communication problems.L4 Unit 2-2 vocabulary自然灾害、宗教Earthquakes are caused by forces deep within the earth. When the earth shakes, buildings can collapse and people can be buried inside.An explosion is a rapid, violent release of energy. Explosions can be caused by chemical reaction, such as inside the engine. A spark can ignite a mixture of gases and release energy for good anddestructive purposes.Accidents are often caused by people doing foolish things or by not being careful. One major cause of accident is driving too fast. Accidentswith fire can be very serious, and can result in very painful injuries.Epidemics are the rapid spread of a disease, such as the flu and Ebola. Throughout history, epidemics have killed millions of people. Storms are caused by changes in atmosphere, and result in high winds and heavy rains. Thunderstorms are caused by electric charges in the atmosphere, that produce lightening, which can cause forest fire. Some storms cause flooding, and major damage to homes and cities.Followers of thelslam religions are called Muslims. These Muslims are prayer inside the Moses. Muslims are called to prayer 5 times a day, beginning just before sunrise.Christianityis based on the teaching of Jesus crisis, who lived more than 2000 years ago. Christian believe that Jesus is the son of god. Christians are often gathering in churchesor cathedralsto worship.Followers of Judaism are called Jews. These Jews are meeting inside the synagogue , which is a place of worship and study. Judaism was founded over 35 hundreds years ago, in the middle east. Judaism is based on the teaching of Moses, whom they believe it’s the most important prophet.Buddhism began in India and is based on the teachings of Buddha. The religion is about 25 hundred years old. Some Buddhists practice a form of meditation in which they empty their mind of any thoughts.Hinduism is the world’s third most popular religion and is the main religion of India. Hinduism has no founder and is a mixture of many briefs. Some Hindus believe in a circle of birth, life, death and rebirth.L4 Unit 2-2 dialogue谈论失踪客机Do you have any more information about the location of the missing aircraft?Not, we don’t. the only information we had was it disappeared.What about the last communication with the aircraft.The last communication was about 15 minutes before it just disappeared.Was there anything usual in the communication.Not, there was anything usual. Nothing pointed it any kind of problem.Anyway we are confident that we will find it.It’s a large aircraft so that it shouldn’t be difficult to find it.How much countries are helping with the search.Right now, we have search team from 3 countries starting to search.It ’s a big area to search, so can you give an estimate about how long it will take.Yes, it’s a big area so it might take a long time. But we won’t give up. We will search it till we find it.Have they found the wreckage yet.What are you talking about.You know, the airplane that disappeared last year.Oh, yes, now I know what you are referring to. Y es, they’ve found some piece of it.What about the black boxes.No, they still haven’t found the black boxes.It hard to believe that they still don’t know what happened.Perhaps they’ll never know, especially if they still don’t find the black boxes.Whatever happened to it, there is not good reason why a modern airline is allowed to disappear.I agree with you.L4 Unit 2-3 Listening监狱Alcatraz is a small island in San Francisco bay, 1.5 miles from San Francisco. From Alcatraz, you can see the Golden Gate Bridge. A is also famous and is now a major tourist attraction. Tourists can reach the island by boat from the city. Alcatraz has often appeared in movies including escape from Alcatraz, w hich was made in 1979. One reason it’s famous is because it used to be a prison, a very special prison. It was designed for prisoner who was causing trouble for another prisoner, such as trying to escape. It was a maximum security, so escape was almost impossible. The water around it was cold and only very strong prisoners can escape from island to San Francisco.The first group of prisoners arrived in 1934. There were 173 prisoners, including bank robbers and murderers. They came by train from the other prison in the state of Kansas. During that trip, there was heavy security. The prisoners were under guard and handcuffed. Nobody wanted them to escape. The prison was designed to hold upto 336 prisoners. However, the average population was only about 270. Although there wasnotorious inmate such as Al Copen, most of the inmates are no one known.Many were trying to escape from island or were considered to violence. If a man didn’t behave at other prison, he could be sent to Alcatraz. At Alcatraz, there wasjust one prison in each prison cell.Prison life in Alcatraz was highly structured and boring. It was designed for prisoners to follow rules. They had 4 rights, food, clothing, shelter and medical care. Everything else was privilege that had to be earned. Privileges included working, visits from familymembers and access to prison library. There were also activities such as painting and music. Once they showed that he could follow the rules, he could be transferred back to another prison to finish his sentence.Alcatrazwas used as a prison for 29 years. During that time, no prisoner escaped successfully. There were 14 escape attempts, involving in 36 prisoners. 23 were caught alive and 3 were shot and killed. 2 men tries to escape twice. 2 were drought and 2 released as missing and resume drought. The most violent escape attempt occurred on May 2, 1946 when 6 prisoners tried to escape. That events are called the battle of Alcatraz.While in use, Alcatraz has some of the most notorious criminals the history, such as Al Capone. Al Capone was a crime boss, who built his career in Chicago. The prison was finished close in 1963. It was closed because it was too expensive to operate.Inmate n.居民; 同居者; (监狱里的)犯人L4 Unit 2-3 vocabulary 统计图表、法律A bar graph uses rectangle bars in different length to show and compare data. The lengths of a bar are proportional to values they represents. The bar can be vertical, up and down or horizontal.A circle graph, often called a pie graph, it shapes like a circle. It is divided into segments that looks like piece of a pie. Percentages are often used to compare segments which are ordered from biggest to smallest.Line graph are used to show the relationship between two valuables, such as time and distance. These valuables are plotted to 2 axis, the X axis and the Y axis. The X axis often shows time, while the Y axis shows how quantities such as distance, temperature, pro change with times.A flowchart is a type of graph that shows how process and project flows from the start to finish . A flow chart consists of start points, inputs, outputs and decision point.An organizational chart or org chart show the structure of a company. It shows how people and departments within the company are connected. It defines the roles and responsibility of a people or departments within a company.Laws are rules that people are supposed to follow. A system of laws governs the peoplewithin the countries. Criminals are people who break the law. People who commit a crime are called criminals. Some criminals are very dangerous and need to be put in jail. A jail or prison are place where criminals were locked behind bars, sometimes for many years. Prison is designed to keep criminals away from other people.A courthouse is where someone charge with committing a crime goes on a trial. In court, evidence is present to show guilty or innocent of a person on trial.When someone break the laws, they may be arrested by the police. To arrest someone means to take and hold them until they go on trial.L4 Unit 2-3 dialogue谈论汇兑May I help you sir.I’d like to change some US dollars to Ja panese yen please.Yes, certainly sir, how about would you like to change.I’d like to change 500 dollars.May I see your passport please.I don’t have it with me but I do have my driver’s license, would that be ok.No, sorry sir. I need to see your passpo rt. It’s the law.Look, I’m not asking for a loan. I just want to convert into yen. Why do I need my passport. I understand your frustration sir, but that’s the law. I cannot do something that is illegal. Ok, do you have any suggestions.Sure, the easiest things for you to do it is to use the machine in one of the hotels near here. You can borrow someone’s passport and then do the conversion.So the machine doesn’t check the fingerprints or something like that.No, sir. But that’s a limit as to how much you can change at one time. You also have to pay a high fee.Thanks for your help.You ’re welcome sir.L4 Unit 2-3 Listening 人物Al Capone was one of the most famous criminals in American history. He came from an immigrant family. His parents came from Italy and his father was a barber. As a boy, he belonged to a street game. He quit school after finishing the 6th grade. As he built his career as a crime boss in Chicago. He became boss at 26 when previous boss was nearly killed. He crime organization made a lot of money, more than 100 million dollars a year. Most of the money came from illegal activities, especially from the sale of illegal liquor . This organization was also involved in gambling and prostitution.Capone was aflashy dresser who enjoys being famous. He protected himself by bribing police and public officials. Though he was involved in the deaths of many, he was never converted of a serious crime. When he was finally arrested, it was for minor crime. In 1929, he and his body guard were arrested by carrying deadly weapons. For that, he was sent to a year in prison. Capone was released in 9 months for good behaviors.In 1930, Capone was public enemy number 1 in Chicago. A year later he was arrested for failures to pay taxes. The government had finally found a way to catch him. After a trial, he was found guilty and sentenced to 11 years’ prison. He spent the first two years of the sentence at the prison in Atlanta J. then he was sent to Alcatraz, the country’s most famous prison.At Alcatraz, he was diagnosed with the disease that began to take over his brain. As aresult, he spent much of his time at prison hospital. By the time he was released from prison at 1939, he was no longer able to lead his personal organization. He died of stroke and pneumonia in 1947.L4 Unit 2-4 vocabulary财务和性格Income is money received from works or from investments. For company to survive, its income needs to be more than its expenses. People who earn good salaries can buy what they need to survive.A receipt is given to you after you had paid for something. A receipt is a proof that you have paid for something. A receipt shows that something has been paid for. After pay for something, be sure to get a receipt.An invoice is a request for payment. Invoice lists the princes and products being bought. To invoice someone means to givethem a bill for products and services. Once an invoice is paid, it can be used as a receipt.Taxes are what you paid to the government, for government’s services. Taxes pay for many services, such education, police and health care. An income tax is a tax on our income. In some countries, income taxes can be very high.Interest is what we pay to lenders when you borrow money. If someone lends you money, you pay interest for use of that money.Emotional people often show their feelings and have a bad temper. They made decision based on their feelings more than facts. Sometimes, these people make bad decisionbecause of their emotions.Leaders are people who take responsibility and are trusted by others. Good leaders make good decisions and get things done. In many situation, others look to them for leadership.Loyal people can be depended on to follow their leader. They will support and protect their leaders and friends. A strong team needs a good leader and loyal followers.Independent people can do things on their own. They often prefer working by themselves. Sometimes they had difficulty working in a group.Creative people come up with new ideas and ways of doing things. They often have a good imagination and can see things in different ways. Many artists and musicians are very creative.L4 Unit 2-3 dialogue谈论合同和设计方案Congratulation, Lisa.Congratulation’s for what.We just heard the news.What news? Don’t keep me in suspense.Quick service have accepted your video proposals .Oh, really, I just submitted it a week ago.Maybe so. But they like it so much that they made quick decision.You want you to get started on it as soon as possible.That’ s great news. But I’mstill working on other projects. They ne ed to be finished first. Can’t you delay some of other projects.I’m not sure. How important is this project.They are putting a lot of pressure on this now, especially they * proposal. They really like it. It’s a very creative a representing that company. It had everybody laughing.Yes, that was the idea.It was fun to do and our whole team thought it was funny.Well, great job. I think it’s the best work your team have ever done.When can you get started on the project.Are they going to pay extra?In may proposal, I set the early start date would be one month after signing the contract. Was that in the proposal?Yes, it was. Have they signed the contract yet?Not, they haven’t. but I’m sure they will right away.They also need to make advance payment. Tha t was in the proposal too. We can’ t stop everything else just because they are exited.Ok, I will get back to them and let them know.Yes, please do. I have been through these kind of things before.。

懂你英语Level4 Unit 3 Part1it 3-1 listening时间花费Look at these 2 pie graphs. They show how these 2 people spend their days, not including weekends. The one on the top shows how Emma divides up her days. She is a designer who works for a company. As Emma's graph shows, the biggest portion部分of her day is spent working.She works an average of 8 hours a day, which is one third of her day.She gets an average of 6 hours to sleep which is 25% of her day. That's less sleep than Martin gets. According to his graph, he gets an average of 7 hours to sleep which is about 29% of his day.On the other hand, Martine who is engineer, works more hours than Emma does.Martine average 9 hours a day at work compare to Emma's 8. That's 37.5% compare to 33%.Other factors shown in the graph included time for meals and commuting to work.Other activities include getting dress and doing household chores such as doing laundry and paying bills.As you can see, for Martin, commuting is taking a large amount of his time.If he could reduce his commute time, he will have more time for other things. And it isn't just the time.When the traffic is really heavy his commute is stressful.He life will be more enjoyable. It will be great if he can work from home one or two days a week. And we look at Emma's graph, we see she probably needs more sleep.Perhaps, she should spend a bit less time socializing with her friends.On the other hand, socializing with her friend is something she really values.As for putting on makeup, she isn't willing to change that.For her, exercising, socializing and staying beautiful help her deal with the stressful work.In conclusion, Emma and Martin both wish there were more hours in a day.This next graph shows how various factors compare important to 1350 jobs applicants.Applicants were between 20 to 25 years ago.They were asked to list which factors were most important for a good job.As the graph shows, money was the most important factor for 25% of the applicants.However, other factors are also important. The second most important factor was the work environment.In other words, for many, money is everything.People want to like where they work.In fact, if we combine working environment and co-workers, the total is 35%.This is well above the 25% for salary and benefits.Taking together, they are more important than salary and benefits.Career path is also important especially for younger applicants.They want to see that their job helps to build a successful career.For older workers, this may not be as important.Older workers often put the higher value on the balance between life and work. What do you think.领土、军事、政治、政权状态it 3-1 vocabulary The government of a country is a controlsystem.Governments make laws and provide services to their citizens.. 领土?/'t?rt?ri/ territory The land over which a government has controlled, is its ? boundaries A country's territory has /'bandri/ or borders.1When you leave or enter a country's territory, you usually need a passport.The territory of a country is defined by its boundaries.A country's military provides defense for its territory and its citizens.The military includes an army, an air force and a navy.The main purpose of a military, is to defend a country from attack.A country's criminal justice system includes the police, courts and prisons.Its purpose is to enforce the law and protect the people from criminal activities.A country social services system provides support to people in need.It provides basic health care services and helps poor people support their children.-----------------------------------------------------------------Anarchy /'?n?ki/ n.混乱;无政府状态;无秩序autocracy /?'tɑkr?si/ n.独裁;独裁统治;独裁政府;独裁政体Oligarchy /'ɑl?'gɑrki/ n.寡头统治的政府;寡头政治的执政集团;寡头统治的国家--------------------------------------------------------------------------A state of anarchy exits when a country has no effective government.In anarchy, there is nobody to make decisions or enforce the laws.An autocracy is the simplest form of government.In an autocracy, the government is controlled by single individual, known as autocrat.Whether or not an autocracy is successful, depends on the character and ability of the leader.In an oligarchy, a small group of people controls the government.Membership in this group often depends on family connection, wealth or military power.In a republic, individuals are elected to represent the citizens.The power of government in a republic is limited by a constitution.A constitution is a written document that makes the rules for a government to follow.This limits the power of a government.A constitution defines the relationship between the government and its citizens.it 3-1 dialogue谈论工作I hear you lost your job, is that right?Yes, that's right. I quit. I quit because the way my boss treats people.What happen.I wasn't feeling good one day and he yelled at me. While I told him not to yell at对...吼叫me, he threatened me.Is that all. That's what bosses do.Sure, sometime maybe. But my treated everyone badly and I was tired of it. It was the less *The last str ?Yes, it reached the point where I couldn't take it anymore.I see. So now you don't have a job.Right, I don't have a job.But at least I don't have to deal with my boss thing. What are you going to do now?To be honest, I'm not sure. but I'll fine something. I'll get a job even if it pays less than before.Are you sorry for your quit.Yes and no. I guess I should have found another job first and then quit.Why didn't you.As I said, he pushed me too far. There were some things that I just won't take.2What about your wife.She isn't happy that I don't have a job but she understands. She knows I have temper.And she knows I wasn't happy working there.Well, I get some luck. My job isn't great. but I like the people I'm working with and I like my manager. Are you planning to stay there?I don't know.For now, it's ok. But of course it all depends on how things change.Well if you hear of any job openings, let me know, OK.Sure, send me your resume and I'll let people know you're looking.Thanks.it 3-2 listening朗朗Lang Lang is one of the world's greatest concert /'kɑns?t/ pianist.His first contact with western music was when he was just 2 years old.He watched the canton/'k?nt?n/ in which a cat played a famous piece by Franz Liszt 弗朗兹·李斯特（匈牙利作曲家）. From this experience, he decided he wanted to learn to play piano.When he was 3 and a half years ago, he started piano lessons.2 years later, he won first place in the piano competition.This early success gave his father great hope that Lang Land will became the world greatest pianist.When Lang Lang was 9 years ago, his father quit his job and took him to Beijing.They left everything behind including his mother who had to work.Lang Lang didn't want to leave her behind but his father insisted.His father wanted him to study at famous Central Conservatory of Music 中央音乐学院.When they moved to Beijing, they rented a flat in a poor area of the city.During this time, Lang Lang practiced several hours a day.They started practicing at 5 o'clock which upset his neighbors.They would often pound on敲打his door and ask him to stop practicing.They were so angry that he often feared that they would beat him up毒打.Lang Lang usually had piano lessons once a week to prepare for the conservatory /k?n's?v?t?ri/音乐学校.Nearly 2000 students were applying for just 12 places at the conservatory.His lessons were expensive and very difficult, especially because of his piano teacher.His music teacher didn't like Lang Lang.He called his teacher professor Angry because she always gave him a hard time.One afternoon, his teacher told him he had no talent and told him to go home.Hearing the news, his father screamed and seemed to lose his mind.His father told him that everything was destroyed and there was no reason to live.He ordered Lang Lang to jump off 跳下来the 11th-floor balcony.After this, Lang Lang almost went crazy. He didn't want to play the piano anymore.For several months, he neither played the piano nor spoke to his father.Then some friends encouraged him to play a piece for them and he realized his great love of piano. 3For the next 19 months, he practiced hard and his father encouraged him.Finally, when he was ten, he was accepted into the Conservatory with a full scholarship.In 1995, when he was 13 years old, he played music by show * at Beijing concert hall.In that same year, he won first place at an international competition for young musicians in Japan. When he was 15, he moved to the United States and began to study with the famous pianist at C institute.Since then, he career has grown and he has become a major star.One of the American music critics called him the biggest most exiting key of talent I haven't encountered many ayear of attention piano recycles.In 2010, Lang Lang signed a recalling contract for several million dollars.In 2011, he performed at white house for president Obama of United States and Hu Jintao of China. With all of his success and fame, Lang Lang tries to encourage others.He uses his fame to spread the popularity of classic music and encourage young musicians.And in the end, Lang Lang and his father have rebuilt their relationship.In his autobiography自传, Mr. Lang dedicated the book to his mother and father.it 3-2 vocabulary财务、地理A person debt is how much he or she owes to others.Debt can be in the form of money, products and services owes to someone else.If you borrow money, they were taking on new debt.An asset is something that has value, such as money, property or even a nice personality. Assets can be used to pay off debts.Specialized /'sp'la?zd/ knowledge or skills are also assets that can be used to get a job or earn money.Real estate is properties such as land, houses and buildings.Buying, selling or renting property is the business of real estate.Buying or selling real estate is popular for investments.Inventory is a detail list of items in one's possession /p?'zn/.In business, one's inventory is the supply of items that are ready for sale.If a store runs out of the things for sale, it needs to resupply再供应its inventory.An investment is the purchase of assets with the hope that its value will increase.A good investment can produce income, such as rent income.If the value of that assets falls, the investment will lose money.------------------------------------------------------------------China is the second largest country in the world by land area.A major issue for China is the continuing持续的expansion of its desserts which had led the dust storms eachspring. Many of the world most polluted cities are located there.Asia is referred to as Indian sub-continent.It's called the sub-continent 次大陆because it separated from the rest of Asia by mountains and sea. It's one of world's poorest region with about 75% of the poor living in rural areas.Europe is western neighbor of Asia. It's separated from Asia by Ural Mountains乌拉尔which extent for 1500miles in the north south direction from the Antarctic /?nt?ɑrkt?k/ ocean.The Philippines is the only country in Asia with a majority of Christians /'kr?st??n/.4The Philippines is an island Nation with over 7000 islands. It's located on the south China sea.The country's capital city is Manila马尼拉.Asia is the world largest continent covering about 30% of the earth land area.Several island nations are also a part of Asia, including Japan.The world's tallest mountain is in Asia, including Mount Everest埃佛勒斯峰.it 3-2 dialogue谈论投票选举Hey, have you decided how you're going to vote？Not, I haven't. I don't like any kind of candidates.So you aren't going to vote.Mu. I don't know. Probably not. It seems like a waste of time.Really, why do you think of a waste of time？Have you listened to any of their speeches?Yes, I have and I agree that their speeches aren't very good.Exactly. I can't believe anything they say. They are just saying what they think we want to hear. Sure, you want to get elected. I admit that the system isn't perfect and it's always have .Whether I vote or not won't make a difference. It's all the show.Well, I think you should vote. Do a little research about the candidates.Have you?Yes, I have. I have looked into their backgrounds and their education.How can that help?For example, if they know something about science, it could help the government make a better decision aboutissues such as climate change.Yes, that's good point. We need well-educated people make decisions.And I look to see what kind of people are supporting them.What issues do you think are most important?I guess for me, pollution, housing and taxes are important.I want to know how government plans to deal with these issues.Yes, I agree with you. Maybe I will vote, especially if we could get together and talk more about it. What about dinner tomorrow night?Sorry, I'm busy tomorrow night.Oh, that's too bad. Do you have any time in the next few days? I will take you to a nice restaurant. Actually, I'm quite busy. But I may have time Sunday afternoon. We can have lunch someone near the office.Sure, that was for me. I will give you a call on Saturday and we can decide the details, ok?OK, I will be looking forward to seeing which candidate you support.L4 Unit 3-3 listening 蜜蜂、蜂农与环境Honeybees play an interesting and important role in nature.In additional to making honey, honeybees help many plants reproduce.They do this by pollinating the plant which means to transfer pollen.Pollination授粉occurs when pollen/'pɑl?n/ 花粉is moved within a plant's flower or carried to another flower.This is how the plant reproduce.For reproduction to succeed, the pollen must be transferred from the male part of the flower to the female part.Many plants depend on the pollen for reproduction. This included many fruits and vegetables.5Beside honeybees, there are many other pollinators including birds, insects and other kind of bees. Without enough pollinators, many of our favorite fruits and vegetable will become more expensive and hard to find.This included almonds and cherries.Honeybee are important pollinators and play an important role in agriculture.Beekeepers are people who keep honeybees.In addition to collecting honey, some beekeepers provide pollination services for farmers.They do this by raising and managing colonies殖民地of bees.Farmers need colonies to pollinate their crops.Beekeepers can provide and manage of bee colonies to farmers.Honeybees are social insects that live in colonies.A bee colony consists of a queen bee, male drones 雄蜂and thousands of male worker bees. Each colony also contains eggs and immature未成熟的bees in various stage of development. The number of bees within a colony depends on the seasonal changes.A colony's population increases during the warm season and decreases during the colder season.In recent year, many bee colonies have collapsed or disappeared.A bee colony collapses occurs when a majority of bee in colony disappear and leave behind the queen.Some beekeepers have reported losing 30 to 90 % of their colonies.This loss of bee colonies can cause significant problems for farmers who depend on them to pollinate their crops.In some parts of the world, a shortage of bees has increased the cost of renting bees by up to 20%.There are several possible causes for bee colony collapse. One possible collapse is the use of new pesticides农药.Other possible causes include infections from viruses, genetic factors遗传因素and malnutrition（营养不良）.Changing weather patterns may also play a role as summers get hotter and winters get colder.These changes in weather may weaken the bees, making it more difficult for them to fight infections. Whatever the causes of colony collapse, it's important to understand that many parts of our world are interdependent.Changes that effect on one species may have serious effects on other species.A change to our environment, can start a chain of event that is difficult to predict.In any complex system such as the earth environment, small changes can cause a un consequences. The danger of un consequences is something that we all need to understand better.L4 Unit 3-3 vocabulary 商品、服务和工作Goods and services supply what people need or want.Goods are things such food and clothing.Services included things such as health care and police protection.A country needs natural and human resources.Natural resources include fresh water supplies, farmland and energy sources such as oil and wind. Human resources includes a skilled workforce that can produce goods and services.Once we had supplies of goods and services, they need to distribute throughout the country.6Highways and railways are both way to transport thing from one part of country to another. Electricity are distributed through a system of transmition lines.We live in an age of advertising.Advertising lets people know about goods and services.It educates people about a product being advertised.Trade allows for the exchange of goods and services between different countries.Exports are goods and services that are sold to another country.Imports are goods and services that are brought from other country.For example, many countries import oil from countries such as Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯.Employees are the people who work for a company.Some employees do basic work such as operating a machine or driving a track.People who hire and direct the work of other are managers.Interview is one way to find out about a person who applies for a job.In an interview, the applicants can ask question about a company and company can find out about a person's skillsand experience.An entrepreneur is someone who starts a company.Entrepreneurs often have new ideas and ways of doing things that can give company advantage. Salary and benefits are used to attract new employees into a company.If the salary and benefits are good enough, employees may take a job and stay with the company. Benefits includes vacation time, health insurance and bonuses for employees who do a good job.When apply for job, it's important to have skills and experience needed for the job.Developing and increasing skills and experience is good way to prepare for a job.Each job a person has is an opportunity to learn new things and develop new skills.Advertises try to increase to the demand for a product or service.Education and training are ways to develop a skilled workforce unforeseenL4 Unit 3-3 dialogue 谈论租房与房东You don't look good, is something bothering you？Yes, it's my landlord房东.Oh, is it something wrong with your flat.No, that's not something wrong with the flat. But I'm going to have to move out.Why did you have to move out?For the last 2 month, a friend has been staying with me. She stayed until she could find a job.That's nice of you.Yes, but I'm not supposed to have anyone staying there.Was that in the rental agreement？Yes, it was. It's ok if a friend stays for a few days but not for more than that.So you broke the agreement even though it was for a good reason.Anyway, one of my neighbors told the landlords about my friend. So now I'm in trouble. The landlord is angry andsays she can't trust me.7That's ridiculous.I told her about my friend and how I'm trying to help her, but she doesn't care.Wow, she doesn't sound very nice.That's right, she isn't nice. She's just interested in money. In fact, she is going to keep my security deposit 押金.How can she do that？Nothing is damaged, right.Right, everything in the flat is fine.She's keeping the deposit because I broke the rental agreement.What about your rent？Yes , that's another problem. I already pay 3 months rent so I hope I can get it back.What can you do if she doesn't return it？I don't know. I told to my agent. He's nice and maybe he can help.Maybe I should refuse to leave the flat until I get it back.Be sure to take picture of your flat.What for?Just to show the condition of your flat. Then she can't say your friend damaged it anyway.Good idea. She's a small-minded心胸狭窄的, evil woman. I should never have rented it from her in the first place.L4 Unit 3-4 listening 职业What kind of career is the best and what kind of qualification?One of most popular careers for kids is the to become an astronaut.Many kids dream of going space when they grow up.They dream of work on a space station or exploring deep space.To become an astronaut, it's important to have the right background.Many astronauts have a background in engineering, physics or medicine.Sometimes they have a military background, such as flying military aircraft.As for pay, astronaut can earn a good salary but not great.Another popular career is to become a musician or actor.Many kids dream of become a famous singer or movie stars.However, most of musician or actor don't become famous.They are usually paid by the hour or by the performance.Only a very few have lots of money.So the best advice is not to be a musician or actor unless that's your real passion.Becoming a professional athlete is another dream job for many.It's nice to imagine play a favorite sport and getting paid for it.However, becoming a famous athlete takes a lot of work and practice.Great athletes practice for hours a day with teammates and coaches.They also work regularly with trainers to keep their body strong.The level of pay for athletes depends on the success and the level of their performance.Athletes often have short career because of the physical requirement of their sport.When you are no longer able to compete in a high level, some athletes become coaches.Firefighters and police officers are important job that help and protect people.These careers require applicants to complete training programs and pass the written and physical tests. 8These jobs can be exciting and dangerous so they require courage and sometimes sacrifice.When considering salary and benefits, some of the lowest paying jobs are in the hospitality and beauty industries.For example, food service worker and hairstyles generously have low salaries.This kind of job don't require much of the education or training.But again, if you enjoy what you're doing, that may be good enough.For example, you may really enjoy talking with your customers.Spending your life doing something you dislike can be very unsatisfying, even if the salary is high.Some of the highest paid professions includes doctors, lawyers and scientists.However, these professions 职业require high level of education and training.The path to becoming a doctor, for example, is a long one.Doctors require a university degree, several years in medical school, and several more years in experience.Only then are they certified as a medical doctor or MD.So it doesn't make sense to consider these professions unless you are willing to work hard for many years.And because, you should really care doing the work well.L4 Unit 3-4 vocabulary 战争和生物Civil 内战wars are fought between citizens of the same country and are fought within the country. If citizens of a country disagree about the policy or leader, they may fight a civil war.A world war is fought when countries form alliances and these alliances fight each other.A world war involves many or most of the world's most powerful countries.There were 2 world war in the 20th century.Terrorism involves groups of individuals rather than countries.Terrorists may come from different countries and they may share the same beliefs.Terrorists often use car-bombings or suicide attacks on innocent people.A terrorist attack can happen at any time and any place.An invasion侵略occurs when one country attacks another.It sends its army to the other country and attempts to take control.One of most famous invasions was when France invaded Russia in 1812.A defensive 防御的war occurs when a country is attacked and needs to defend itself.Most of countries have military so that it can defend itself if it's attacked.When France invaded Russia in 1812, the Russia army fought a defensive war and defeated the French army.A cell 细胞is the basic unit of life.A cell is smallest structure that can live and reproduce.Cells grow and develop, reproduce and interact with the environment.Photosynthesis光合作用/,foto's?nθ?s?s/ was one of most important biological processes.It allows plants to capture and use light as an energy source.Photosynthesis is the process of converting light energy into chemical energy.9A virus is small biological structure that attacks and enters cells.Once inside a cell, a virus reproduces and makes many copies of itself.Some diseases such influenza /,?nflu'?nz?/ (流感)are viruses.Bacteria are one-celled forms of life that are all around us.Although they have a single cell structure, they are very important.Many bacteria are inside us and help us digest our food.DNA is a complex molecule that stores information and can make copies of itself.Nearly any cells in a person's body has the same DNA.The information stored in DNA tells cells what to do and it's necessary for reproduction.L4 Unit 3-4 dialogue 旅馆更换房间Good evening, sir. How can I help you?Yes, we just check in and our room is unacceptable. It's room 1810.Is there something wrong with the room?Yes, there certainly is. We requested a non-smoking room but the room smiles of smoke.Let me check. Yes, that room is supposed to be a non-smoking room.Well, somebody certainly doesn't follow the rules. The current smoke is cigars. We can hardly breath and thewindows don't open.Right, the windows don't open, sir. I really sorry about this. Let me see if I can find you another room. Yes, please. We certainly can't stay in that room. Both our kids have asthma哮喘/'?zm?/, so the smell of smokecan cause breathing problems.Yes, I understand your concern. Sir, I'm afraid we don't have any other rooms with two double beds. If you'llexcuse me, I will speak with my manager.Thank you. We were really tired and we would like to get rest as soon as possible.Yes, I understand. If you don't mind, could you wait in the lounge 休息室near the elevators? I shouldn't be long.Sure, I hope it doesn't take time.Good evening, I'm the manager here. I'm sorry to hear about your room.Yes, we are not happy and we were really tired. I hope you can help us.I'm sure we can. Since we don't have another non-smoking room for you, we will upgrade your suite. Will that beok?Yes, there will be fine. There is no extra cost, right.No, sir. There would be no extra charge.And it's non-smoking, right.Yes, sir. I've confirmed that is non-smoking.Thanks I really appreciate your help.。

Honey Bee Pollination∙Honeybees play an interesting and important role in nature.∙In additional to making honey, honeybees help many plants reproduce.∙They do this by pollinating the plant which means to transfer pollen.∙Pollination occurs when pollen is moved within a plant’s flower or carried to another flower.∙This is how the plants reproduce.∙For reproduction to succeed, the pollen must be transferred from the male part of the flower to the female part.∙Many plants depend on pollination for reproduction.-Pollination is how help some plants?∙Many plants depend on pollination for reproduction.∙This included many fruits and vegetables.∙Besides honeybees, there are many other pollinators including birds, insects and other kinds of bees.∙Without enough pollinators, many of our favorite fruits and vegetables would become more expensive and hard to find.∙This include almonds and cherries.-What do many plants depend on for reproduction?-Besides honeybees, what are some other pollinators?∙Honeybees are important pollinators and play an important role in the agriculture.∙Beekeepers are people who keep honeybees.∙In addition to collecting honey, some beekeepers provide pollination services to farmers.∙They do this by raising and managing colonies of bees.∙Farmers need the colonies to pollinate their crops.∙Beekeepers can provide and manage bee colonies for farmers.-What's service do some beekeepers provide to farmers?-How do beekeepers provide pollination services?。

L4 Unit 3-1 listening 时间花费Look at these 2 pie graphs. They show how these 2 people spend theirdays, not including weekends. The one on the top shows how Emma dividesup her days. She is a designer who works for a company.As Emma’s graph shows, the bigges t portion of her day is spent w orking. She works an average of 8 hours a day, which is one third of her day. She gets an average of 6 hours to sleep which is 25%of her day. That ’s less sleep than Martin gets. According to his graph, he gets an average of 7hours to sleep which is about 29% of his day. On the other hand, Martinewho is engineer, works more hours than Emmadoes. Martine average 9 hours a day at work co mpare to Emma ’s 8. That ’s % compare to 33%.Other factors shown in the graph included time for meals and commuting to work. Other activities include getting dress and doing household chores such as doing laundry and paying bills. As you can see, for Martin,commuting is taking a large amount of his time. If he could reduce his commutetime, he will have more time for other things. And it isn ’t just the time. When the traffic is really heavy his commute is stressful. Itwill be great if he can work from home one or two days a week. He lifewill be more enjoyable.And we look at Emma ’s graph, we see she probably needs more sleep. Perhaps, she should spend a bit less time socializing with her friends.On the other hand, socializing with her friend is some thing she reallyvalues. As for putting on makeup, she isn ’t willing to change that. For her, exercising, socializing and staying beautiful help her deal with the stressful work. In conclusion, Emmaand Martin both wish there were more hours in a day.This next graph shows how various factors compare important to 1350jobs applicants. Applicants were between 20 to 25 years ago. They wereasked to list which factors were most important for a good job. As thegraph shows, moneywas the most important factor for 25%of the applicants. However, other factors are also important. The second most importantfactor was the work environment. In other words, for many, money iseverything. People want to like where they work. In fact, if wecombine working environment andco-workers, the total is 35%. This is well above the 25% for salaryand benefits. Taking together, they are more important than salary andbenefits. Career path is also important especially for younger applicants. They want to see that their job helps to build a successful career. Forolder workers, this may not be as important. Older workers often put the higher value on the balance between life and work. What do you think.L4 Unit 3-1 vocabulary领土、军事、政治、政权状态The government of a country is a control system. Governments make laws and provide services to their citizens.The land over which a government has controlled, is its territory.A country ’s territory has boundaries or borders. Whenyou leave or enter a country ’s territory, you usually need a passport.The territory of a country is defined by its boundaries.A country ’s militaryprovidesde fensefor its territory and itscitizens.The military includes an army, an air force and a navy. The main purpose of a military, is to defend a country from attack.A country ’s criminal justice system includes the police, courts andprisons. Its purpose is to enforce the law and protect the people fromcriminal activities.A country social services system provides support to people in need.It provides basic health care services and helps poor people support their children.Anarchy n. 混乱 ; 无政府状态 ; 无秩序 autocracy n. 独裁 ; 独裁统治 ; 独裁政府 ; 独裁政体 Oligarchy n.寡头统治的政府;寡头政治的执政集团;寡头统治的国家Astate of anarchy exits when a country has no effective government.In anarchy, there is nobody to make decisions or enforce the laws.An autocracy is the simplest form of government. In an autocracy,the government is controlled by single individual,known as autocrat.Whether or not an autocracy is successful, depends on the character andability of the leader.In an oligarchy, a small group of people controls the government. Membership in this group often depends on family connection, wealthor military power.In a republic, individuals are elected to represent the citizens.The power of government in a republic is limited by a constitution.A constitution is a written document that makes the rules for agovernment to follow. This limits the power of a government. Aconstitution defines the relationship between the government andits citizens.L4 Unit 3-1 dialogue谈论工作Ihear you lost your job, is that rightYes, that’s right. I quit. I quit becaus e the way my boss treats people.What happen.I was n ’t feeling good one day and he yelled at me. While I told himnot to yell at me, he threatened me.Is that all. That’s what bosses do.Sure, sometime maybe. But my treated everyone badly and I wastired of it. It was the less *The last strYes, it reached the point where I couldn’t take it anymore.I see. So now you d on’t have a job.Right, I don’t have a job.But at least I don’t have to deal with my boss thing. What are yougoing to do nowTo be hone st, I’m not sure. but I’ll fine something. I’ll get a job even if it pays less than before.Are you sorry your quit.Yes and no. I guess I should have found another job first andthen quit.Why didn ’t you.As I said, he pushed me too far. There were some things that Ijust won take.What about your wife.She isn ’t happy that I don ’t have a job but she understands. Sheknows I have temper.And she knows I wasn’t happy working there.Well, I get some luck. My job isn’t great. but I like the people I’m working with and I like my manager.Are you planning to stay thereIdon ’t know.For now, it’s ok. But of course i t all depends on how things change.Well if you hear of any job openings, let me know, OK.Sure, send me your resume and I’ll let people know you’re looking. Thanks.L4 Unit 3-2 listening 朗朗 Lang Lang is one of the world ’s greatest concert pianist. His first contact with western music was when he was just 2 years old. He watched the canton in which a cat played a famous piece by FranzLiszt. From this experience, he decided he wanted to learn to play piano. Whenhe was 3 and a half years ago, he started piano lessons. 2 years later,he won first place in the piano competition. This early success gave his father great hope that Lang Land will became the world greatest pianist.When Lang Lang was 9 years ago, his father quit his job and took himto Beijing. They left everything behind including his mother who had towork. Lang Lang didn ’t want to leave her behind but his father insisted. His father wanted him to study at famous Central Conservatory of Music.Whenthey moved to Beijing, they rented a flat in a poor area of the city. During this time, Lang Lang practiced several hours a day. They startedpracticing at 5 o’clock which upset his neighbors. They would often pound on his door and ask him to stop practicing. They were so angry that heoften feared that they would beat him up.Lang Lang usually had piano lessons once a week to prepare for the conservatory. Nearly 2000 students were applying for just 12 places atthe conservatory. His lessons were expensive and very difficult,especially because of his piano teacher. His music teacher didn ’t like Lang Lang. he called his teacher professor Angry because she always gavehim a hard time. One afternoon, his teacher told him he had no talent and told him to go home.Upon hearing the news, his father screamed and seemedto lose his mind. His father told him that everything was destroyed and there was no reason to live. He ordered Lang Lang to jumpoff the 11th-floor balcony. Afterthis, Lang Lang almost went crazy. He didn ’t want to play the piano anymore.For several months, he neither played the piano nor spoke to his father. Then some friends encouraged him to play a piece for them and he realized his great love of piano. For the next 19 months, he practiced hard andhis father encouraged him. Finally, when he was ten, he was accepted into the Conservatory with a full scholarship. In 1995, when he was 13 yearsold, he played music by show * at Beijing concert hall. In that same year, he won first place at an international competition for young musiciansin Japan. Whenhe was 15, he moved to the United States and began to study with the famous pianist at C institute. Since then, he career has grownand he has become a major star. One of the American music critics calledhim the biggest most exiting key of talent I haven ’t encountered many a year of attention piano recycles.In 2010, Lang Lang signed a recalling contract for several milliondollars. In 2011, he performed at white house for president of Obama ofUnited States and Hu Jintao of China.With all of his success and fame, Lang Lang tries to encourage others. He uses his fame to spread the popularity of classic music and encourage young musicians. And in the end, Lang Lang and his father have rebuilttheir relationship. In his autobiography, Mr. Lang dedicated the book to his mother and father.L4 Unit 3-2 vocabulary 财务、地理Aperson debt is how much he or she owes to others. Debt can be in theform of money, products and services owes to someone else. If you borrow money, they were taking on new debt.An asset is something that has value, such as money, property or even a nice personality. Assets can be used to pay off debts. Specializedknowledge or skills are also assets that can be used to get a job or earn money.Real estate is properties such as land, houses and buildings.Buying, selling or renting property is the business of real estate. Buying orselling real estate is popular for investments.Invento ry is a detail list of items in one’s possession. In business, one’s inventory is the supply of items that are ready for sale. If a store runs out of the things for sale, it needs to resupply its inventory.An investment is the purchase of assets with the hope that its valuewill increase. A good investment can produce income, such as rent income. If the value of that assets falls, the investment will lose money.China is the second largest country in the world by land area. A major issue for china isthe continuing expansion of its desserts which had led the dust storms each spring. Many of the world most polluted cities are located there.South Asia is referred to as Indian sub-contin ent. It’s called the sub-continent because it separated from the rest of Asia by mountains and sea. It ’s one of world ’s poorest region with about 75%of the poor livingin rural areas.Europe is western neighbor of Asia. It ’s separate d from Asia by Ural Mountains which extent for 1500 miles in the north south direction fromthe Antarctic ocean.The Philippines is the only country in Asia with a majority ofChristians. The Philippines is an island Nation with over 7000 islands.It ’s located on the south China sea. The country’s capital city is Manila.Asia is the world largest continent covering about 30% of the earthland area. Several island nations are also a part of Asia, including Japan. The world ’s tallest mountain is in Asia, including Mount Everest.L4 Unit 3-2 dialogue谈论投票选举Hey, have you decided how you’re going to v ote.Not, I haven’t. I don’t like any kind of candidates.So you aren ’t going to vote.Mu. I don ’t know. Probably not. It seems like a waste of time.Really, why do you think of a waste of time.Have you listened to any of their speechesYes, I have and I agree that their speeches are n ’t very good. Exactly. I can’t believe anything they say. They are just saying whatthey think we want to hear.Sure, you want to get elected. I admit th at the system isn ’t perfectand it ’s always have. Whether I vote or not won’t make a difference.It ’s all the show.Well, I think you should vote. Do a little research aboutthe candidates.Have youYes, I have. I have looked into their backgrounds and their education.How can that helpFor example, if they know something about science, it could help the government make a better decision about issues such as climate change.Yes, that ’s good point. Weneed well -educated people make decisions.And I look to see what kind of people are supporting them.What issues do you think are most importantI guess for me, pollution, housing and taxes are important. Iwant to know howgovernment plans to deal with these issues.Yes, I agree with you. Maybe I will vote, especially if we couldget together and talk more about it.Whatabout dinner tomorrow nightSorry, I’m busy tomorrow night.Oh, that ’s too bad. Do you have any time in the next few days I willtake you to a nice restaurant.Actually, I ’m quite busy. But I may have time Sunday afternoon. We can have lunch someone near the office.Sure, that was for me. I will give you a call on Saturday and wecan decide the details, ok OK, I will be looking forward to seeing which candidate you support.L4 Unit 3-3 listening 蜜蜂、蜂农与环境Honeybees play an interesting and important role in nature. Inadditional to making honey, honeybees help many plants reproduce. Theydo this by pollinating the plant which means to transfer pollen.Pollination occurs when pollen is moved within a plant ’s flower or carried to another flower. This is how the plant reproduce. Forreproduction to succeed, the pollen must be transferred from the male part of the flower to the female part. Many plants depend on the pollen for reproduction. This included manyfruits and vegetables. Beside honeybees, there are many other pollinators including birds, insects and other kindof bees. Without enough pollinators, many of our favorite fruits andvegetable will become more expensive and hard to find. Thisincluded almonds and cherries.Honeybee are important pollinators and play an important role inagriculture. Beekeepers are people who keep honeybees. In addition tocollecting honey, some beekeepers provide pollination services forfarmers. They do this by raising and managing colonis of bees. Farmersneed colonies to pollinate their crops. Beekeepers can provide and manage of bee colonies to farmers.Honeybees are social insects that live in colonies. A bee colonyconsists of a queen bee, male drones and thousands of male worker bees.Each colony also contains eggs and immature bees in various stage of development. The number of bees within a colony depends on theseasonal changes. A colony ’s population increase s during the warmseason and decreases during the colder season.In recent year, many bee colonies have collapsed or disappeared. A beecolony collapses occurs when a majority of bee in colony disappear andleave behind the beekeepers have reported losing 30 to 90 % of their colonies. This loss of bee colonies can cause significant problems for farmers who depend on them to pollinate their crops. In some parts of the world, a shortage of bees has increased the cost of renting bees byup to 20%.There are several possible causes for bee colony collapse. One possiblecause is the use of new pesticides. Other possible causes includeinfections from viruses, genetic factors and malnutrition （营养不良） . Changing weather patterns may also play a role as summers get hotter and winters get colder. These changes in weather may weaken the bees, making it more difficult for them to fight infections. Whatever the causes ofcolony collapse, it ’s important to understand that many parts of ourworld are inter dependent. Changes that effect on one species may haveserious effects on other species. A change to our environment, can start a chain of event that is difficult to predict. In any complex system such as the earth environment, small changes can cause a un consequences. The danger of un consequences is something that we all need tounderstand better.L4 Unit 3-3 vocabulary商品、服务和工作Goods and services supply whatpeople need or want. Goods are thingssuch food and clothing. Services included things such as health care and police protection.A country needs natural and humanresources. Natural resources include fresh water supplies, farmland and energy sources such as oil and wind.Human resources includes a skilled workforce that can produce goods and services.Once we had supplies of goods and services, they need to distribute throughout the country. Highways and railways are both way to transportthing from one part of country to another.Electricity are distributed through a system of transmition lines.We live in an age of advertising. Advertising lets people know aboutgoods and services. It educates people about a product being advertised.Trade allows for the exchange of goods and services between different countries. Exports are goods and services that are sold to another country. Imports are goods and services that are brought from other country. For example, many countries import oil from countries such as Saudi Arabia.Employees are the people who work for a company. Some employees do basic work suchas operating a machine or driving a track. People who hire and direct the work of other are managers.Interview is one way to find out about a person who applies for a job. In an interview, the applicants can ask question abo ut a company andcompany can find out about a person’s skills and experience.An entrepreneur is someone who starts a company. Entrepreneurs oftenhave new ideas and ways of doing things that can give company advantage.Salary and benefits are used to attract new employees into a company. If the salary and benefits are good enough, employees may take a job andstay with the company. Benefits includes vacation time, health insurance and bonusesfor employees who do a good job.When apply for job, it’s important to have skills and experienceneeded for the job. Developing and increasing skills and experience isgood way to prepare for a job. Each job a person has is an opportunityto learn new things and develop new skills.Advertises try to increase to the demand for a product or service.Education and training are ways to develop a skilled workforce.UnforeseenL4 Unit 3-3 dialogue谈论租房与房东You don’t look good, is somethin g bothering you.Yes, it’s my landlord.Oh, is it something wrong with your flat.No, that ’s not something wrong with the flat. But I ’m going to have to move out.Why did you have to move outFor the last 2 month, a friend has been staying with me. Shestayed until she could find a job.That ’s nice of you.Yes, but I’m not supposed to have anyone staying there.Was that in the rental agreement.Yes, it was. It ’s ok if a friend stays for few days but not for morethan that.So you broke the agreement even though it was for a good reason.Anyway, one of my neighbors told the landlords about my friend. Sonow I ’m in trouble. The landlord is angry and says she can’t trust me.That ’s ridiculous.I told her about my friend and how I’m trying to help her, but she doesn’t care.Wow, she doesn ’t sound very nice.That ’s right, she isn’t’s just interested in money. In fact, sheis going to keep my security deposit.How can she do that. Nothing is damaged, right.Right, everything in the flat is fine.She’s keeping the deposit because I broke the rental agreement.What about your rent.Yes , that’s another problem. I already pay 3 months rent so I hopeI can get it back. What can you do if she doesn’t return it.I don ’t know. I told to my agent. He’s nice and maybe he ca n help.Maybe I should refuse to leave the flat until I get it back.Be sure to take picture of your flat.What forJust to show the condition of your flat. Then she can’t say your friend damagedit anyway. Good idea. She’s a small -minded, evil woman. I should never have rented it from her in the first place.L4 Unit 3-4 listening职业What kind of career is the best and what kind of qualificationOne of most popular careers for kids is the to become an astronaut.Many kids dream of going space when they grow up. They dream of work ona space station or exploring deep space. To become an ast ronaut, it’s important to have the right background. Many astronauts have a background in engineering, physics or medicine. Sometime they have a militarybackground, such as flying military aircraft. As for pay, astronaut canearn a good salary but not great.Another popular career is to become a musician or actor. Many kidsdream of becomea famous singer or movie stars. However, most of musician or actor don ’t become famo us. They are usually paid by the hour or bythe performance. Only a very few have lots of money. So the best adviceis not to be a musician or actor unless that ’s your real passion. Becoming a professional athlete is another dre am job for many. It ’s nice to imagine play a favorite sport and getting paid for it. However, becoming a famous athlete takes a lot of work and practice. Great athletes practice for hours a day with teammates and coaches. They also work regularly with trainers to keep their body strong. The level of pay for athletes depends on the success and the level of their performance. Athletes often haveshort career because of the physical requirement of their sport. Whenyou are no longer able to compete in a high level, some athletes becomecoaches.Firefightersand police officers are important job that help andprotect people. These careers require applicants to complete trainingprograms and pass the written and physical tests. These jobs can beexciting and dangerous so they require courage andsometimes sacrifice.When considering salary and benefits, some of the lowest paying jobsare in the hospitality and beauty industries. For example, food serviceworker and hairstyles generously have low salaries. This ki nd of jobdon’t r equire much of the education or training. But again, if you enjoy what you ’re doing, that may be good enough. For example, you may really enjoy talking with your customers. Spending your life doing something you dislike can be very unsatisfying, even if the salary is high.Some of the highest paid professions includes doctors, lawyers and scientists. However, these professions require high level of educationand training. The path to becoming a doctor, for example, is a long one.Doctors require a university degree, several years in medical school, and several more years in experience. Only then are they certified as a medical doctor or MD. So it doesn ’t make sense to consider these professionsunless you are willing to work hard for manyyears. And because, you should really care doing the work well.L4 Unit 3-4 vocabulary战争和生物Civil wars are fought betweencitizens of the same country and arefought within the country. If citizens of a country disagree about thepolicy or leader, they may fight a civil war.A world war is fought when countries form alliances and these alliances fight each other. A world war involves many or most of the world’s most powerful countries. There were 2 world war in the 20th century.Terrorism involves groups of individuals rather than countries.Terrorists may come from different countries and they may share the same beliefs. Terrorists often use car-bombings or suicide attacks on innocent people. A terrorist attack can happen at any time and any place.An invasion occurs when one country attacks another. It sends its army to the other country and attempts to take control. One of most famousinvasions was when France invaded Russia in 1812.Adefensive war occurs when a country is attacked and needs to defenditself. Most of countries have military so that it can defend itself ifit ’s attacked. when France invaded Russia in 1812, the Russia army foughta defensive war and defeated the French army.Acell is the basic unit of life. A cell is smallest structure thatcan live and reproduce. Cells grow and develop, reproduce and interactwith the environment.Photosynthesis was one of most important biological processes. Itallows plants to capture and use lightas an energy source.photosynthesisis the process of converting light energy into chemical energy.A virus is small biological structure that attacks and enters cells.Once inside a cell, a virus reproduces and makes many copies of itself.Some diseases such influenza(流感)are viruses.Bacteria are one-celled forms of life that are all around us. Although they have a single cell structure,they are very important.Manybacteriaare inside us and help us digest our food.DNAis a complex molecule that stores information and can make copiesof itself. Nearly any cells in a person’s body has the sam e DNA. Theinformation stored in DNAtells cells what to do and it’s necessary for reproduction.L4 Unit 3-4 dialogue旅馆更换房间Good evening, sir. How can I help youYes, we just check in and our room is unacceptable. It’s room 1810.Is there something wrong with the roomYes, there certainly is. Werequested a non-smoking room but the room smiles of smoke. Let me check. Yes, that room is supposed to be anon-smoking room.Well, somebody certainly doesn’t follow the rules. The current smoke is cigars. We c an hardly breath and the windows don’t open.Right, the windows don’t open, sir. I really sorry about this. Letme see if I can find you another room.Yes, please. Wecertainly can’t stay in that room. Both our kids have asthma, so the smell of smoke can cause breathing problems.Yes, I understand your concern. Sir, I’m afraid we don’t have any other rooms with two double beds. If you’ll excuse me, I will speak with my manager.Thank you. We were really tired and we would like to get rest as soonas possible.Yes, I understand. If you don’t mind, could you wait in the loungenear the elevators I shouldn’t be long.Sure, I hope it doesn’t take time.Good evening, I’m the manager here. I’m sorry to hear about your room.Yes, we are not happy and we were really tired. I hope you can helpus.I ’m sure we can. Since we don ’t have another non -smoking room for you, we will upgradeyour suite. Will that be okYes, there will be fine. There is no extra cost, right.No, sir. There would be no extra charge.And it ’s non -smoking, right.Yes, sir. I’ve confirmed that is non-smoking.Thanks I really appreciate your help.It ’s my pleasure, sir. I hope you and your family have a wonderfulstay with us. Here is my card. If there is anything else I can do for you, please let me know.I will. Have a good evening.Thank you, sir. And once again, let me apology for thesame inconvenience.。

懂你英语-L e v e l4-U n i t1-P a r t2-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1L4-U1-P2 英语流利说 4-1-2 懂你英语 Level4 Unit1 Part2L4-U1-P2-1 Listening : A Trip to Yosemite Park 1Today Christina and her friend are enjoying themselves.This morning they got up very early and drove out of San Francisco.They crossed the Bay Bridge before the early morning commute and drove south.Because it was so early, there were almost no cars.Why was there much traffic?-It was so early.How heavy was the traffic?- Because it was so early, therewere almost no cars.After driving for an hour and a half, they stopped and had breakfast.They ordered pancakes and coffee.They also had some fresh fruits.When they finished eating, it was 7 o’clock.Then they got back into the car and drove south.Christina wanted to listen to music, so they turned on the radio.An hour later they stopped for gas.They noticed that there was also a charging station for electric cars.What time was it when they finished eating?-they finishedeating at 7 o’clock.They noticed that there was also a charging stationfor electric cars.Because it was so early, there were almost no cars.An hour later they stopped for gas.They crossed the Bay Bridge before the early morningcommute and drove south.Christina wanted to listen to music, so they turned on the radio. What did they order for breakfast? -They ordered pancakes and coffee.Christina wanted to listen to music, so they turned on the radio.Today Christina and her friend are enjoying themselves.When they finished eating, it was 7 o’clock.This morning they got up very early and drove out of San Francisco.They noticed that there was also a charging station for electric cars.It’s now 1:15 and they are in Yosemite Park.They have been there for two hours, since 11:15.They are looking at Yosemite falls, which is the highestwaterfall in the park.The water drops a total of 740 meters from the top of the upper fall to the base of the lower fall.When did they arrive at the park?- They got there at 11:15They have been there for two hours, since11:15.They are looking at Yosemite falls, which is the highestwaterfall in the park.The water drops a total of 740 meters from the top of the upper fall to the base of the lower fall.How long have they been in the park?- They have been there for two hours, since 11:15.They are looking at Yosemite falls, which is the highest waterfall in the park.They have been there for two hours, since 11:15.The water drops a total of 740 meters from the top of the upper fall to the base of the lower fall.L4-U1-P2-2 Listening : A Trip to Yosemite Park 2In another 15 minutes they plan to eat lunch at amagnificent old hotel in the park.It was built in 1927 and has a great view.They want ed to stay there, but they couldn’t get reservations.To get a room at that hotel, you usually need to make reservations several months in advance.Why couldn't they get reservations?- They didn't reserve early enough.They wanted to stay there, but they couldn’t get reservations.When do you need to make reservations? - you need to make reservations several months in advance.It was built in 1927.They plan to stay in the park until around 4 o’clock.By then they will have been in the park for nearly 5 hours.Then they’ll get back into the car and drive back to San Francisco.They plan to eat dinner somewhere along the way.If the traffic isn’t too bad, they should be back in San Francisco by 10 o’clock.How long would they have been in the park if they leave as scheduled?- For nearly 5 years.When do they expect to be back in San Francisco-They expect to be back by 10 o’clock.Early tomorrow morning they are going to cross the Golden Gate Bridge and go north along the coast.From some places, you can look out on the ocean and see whales and other sea life.Christina has never seen a whale before, so she’s looking forward to it.And tomorrow night they have something special planned.They are going to watch a baseball game.Christina has never seen a baseball game, but she has heard that it is very popular in the US.And the San Francisco baseball team is one of the best.What does she hope to see from the coast?-She hopes to see whales.What do they have plan for tomorrow night?- They are going to watch a baseball game.Christina has never seen a baseball game, but shehas heard that it is very popular in the US.They wanted to stay there, but they couldn’t get reservations.They plan to eat dinner somewhere along the way.They are going to watch a baseball game.Early tomorrow morning they are going to cross the Golden Gate Bridge and go north along the coast.From some places, you can look out on the ocean and see whales and other sea life.What has she heard about baseball?-She has heard that it is very popular in the US.What are they going to do tomorrow morning?- They are going to cross the Golden Gate Bridge and go north along the coast.Christina has never seen a whale before, so she’s looking forward to it.They plan to stay in the park until around 4 o’clock.Christina has never seen a whale before, so she’s lookingforward to it.To get a room at that hotel, you usually need to makereservations several months in advance.Christina has never seen a baseball game, but she has heard that it is very popular in the US.L4-U1-P2-3 Vocabulary : ScienceA force is a push or a pull on an object.A force changes the motion of a moving object.A force can be strong or weak, and it always has a direction.The Earth is a planet that goes around the sun in a circular orbit.The speed of its motion doesn't change, but the direction of its motion does.The Earth has a layer of gas above its surface, which helps to support life.Atoms are the building blocks of matter.At the center of an atom is its nucleus, which has a positive electric charge.Outside the nucleus are electrons, which have a negative charge.Asteroids and comets are objects that orbit our sun but are smaller than planets.Asteroids that pass close to the Earth are called near-earth objects.The layer of gases just above Earth's surface is our atmosphere.The atmosphere is made up of gases, such as oxygen and nitrogen.Without an atmosphere, there would be no life on Earth.A force can increase or decrease the speed of an object, and it can change the direction of motion.The electric force between the nucleus and theelectrons holds the atom together.Without an atmosphere,there would be no life on Earth.A force is a push or a pull on an object.Atoms are the building blocks of matter.The Earth has a layer of gas above its surface, which helps to support life.At the center of an atom is its nucleus, which has a positive electric charge.What changes the motion of a moving object? - A force changes the motion of a moving object.What is the layer of gases just above Earth's surface? -Thelayer of gases just above Earth's surface is our atmosphere.What has a nucleus and an electrons?-Matter has a positive charge nucleus and a negative charge electrons.What objects orbit our sun but are smaller than planets?-Asteroids and comets are objects that orbit our sun but are smaller than planets.What keeps the Earth in an orbit around the sun?-It moves in an orbit around the sun because of the gravitational force between them.A force can increase or decrease the speed of an object, and it can change the direction of motion.The electric force between the nucleus andelectrons holds the atom together.Asteroids that pass close to the Earth are called near-earth objects.A force is a push or a pull on an object.Without an atmosphere, there would be no life on Earth.The Earth has a layer of gas above its surface, which helps to support life.At the center of an atom is its nucleus, which has a positive electric charge.L4-U1-P2-3 Vocabulary : GeometryThe two lines on the left intersect each other at a right angle, which is 90 degrees.The two lines on the right are parallel, which means they never cross.The adjacent sides of a rectangle are perpendicular, which means they meet at a 90-degree angle.The opposite sides of a rectangle are equal and parallel, which means they never cross.The area of a rectangle is the length times the width.A circle is a two dimensional figure with a radiusand circumference , which is the distance around the circle.The area of a circle is pi r squared, where r is the radius and pi is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter.A sphere is a three dimensional figure with a radius and a volume, which is 4/3 pi r cubed.All points on the surface of a sphere are equidistant from its center.A right triangle is a two dimensional figure with 3 sides, two of which are perpendicular.To find its area, multiply the lengths of the two perpendicular sides, a and b, and divided by two. A = 1/2 ab.The two lines on the right are parallel, which means they never cross.All points on the surface of a sphere are equidistant fromits center.The area of a rectangle is the length times the width.These lines are parallel, which means they never cross.The two lines on the right are parallel, which means they never cross.A right triangle is a two dimensional figure with 3 sides, two of which are perpendicular.Which two lines intersect at a right angle?-These two lines intersect each other at a right angle, which is 90 degrees.Which two dimensional figure has a radiusand circumference?-A circle is a two dimensionalfigure with a radius and circumference, which is the distance around the circle.Which two dimensional figure has four sides?- A rectangle is a two dimensional figure has four sides.Which three dimensional figure has a volume which is 4/3 pi r cubed?- A sphere is a three dimensional figure with a radius and a volume, which is 4/3 pi r cubed.Which two dimensional figure has three sides? -A righttriangle is a two dimensional figure with 3 sides, two of which are perpendicular.The two lines on the left intersect each other ata right angle, which is 90 degrees.The opposite sides of a rectangle are equal and parallel, which means they never cross.A rectangle is a two dimensional figure has four sides.Pi is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter.All points on the surface of a sphere are equidistant from its center.The opposite sides of a rectangle are equal and parallel, which means they never cross.L4-U1-P2-5 Dialogue : Dinner ConversationM: Have you finished eating yet?W: No, I haven't. Why are you in such a hurry?M: I'm sorry, but you're such a slow eater.W: A slow eater Well, I try to enjoy my food. You just eat and swallow. I don't see how you can even taste it!I don't see how you can even taste it!M: OK, I'm sorry. Do you mind if I get another glass of wine?W: No, go ahead. I don't want you to sitthere putting pressure on me. I thought we were going to have a relaxing evening.What does she allow him to do? -She allows him to get another glass of wine.A relaxing evening is the opposite of ...a high-pressure evening.M: Yes, you're right. I'd like to relax, but I have a lot on my mind.W: Work related?M: Yes, it is. I've been getting some strange E-mails from my boss. He wants me to cut down on my expenses. Maybe he wants to fire me.His boss wants him to spend less.I'd like to relax, but I have a lot on my mind.W: Is business bad?M: Yes, it is. But I don't want to talk about it.W: OK, but I'm a good listener. You can tell me if you'd like to.What doesn't he want to talk about? -He doesn't want to talk about his business.M: Thanks. Maybe some other time. I'll try to stop thinkingabout it and deal with it tomorrow.W: Good idea. You need to take a break from work. Your health is important, and so am I.M: Yes, you are. I don't know what I would do without you.To deal with something means...to do something about it.Have you finished eating yet?I'm sorry, but you're such a slow eater.I don't see how you can even taste it!I thought we were going to have a relaxing evening.I don't know what I would do without you.11。

L4 Unit 1-1Listening 旅游Christina was on the 2 weeks’ vacation. This is the first vacation she’s had for a long time. the last vacation she took was more than 2 years ago. Now she is visiting her friend inSan Francisco. Her friend and her husband are living in the center of the city. He works ata start-up company at Silicon Valley. While he was working, she worked part time at thedepartment store.克里斯丁正在享受2周的假期。

这是她这么长时间以来的第一个假期。

她上一个假期还是两年以前。

现在她正在旧金山拜访她的朋友。

她的朋友和朋友老公住在市中心。

她朋友老公在硅谷的创业公司工作。

在他工作的时候,她在百货超市做兼职。

Christiana hasn’t seen her friend for long time. The last time they saw each other was3 years ago. At that time, they were both working at a department store. Then Christina quither job and started her own business. She designs women’s clothing.She has 2employers now and her company is slowly growing.克里斯丁已经好久没有看过她朋友了。

L4 Unit 3-1 listening时间花费Look at these 2 pie graphs. They show how these 2 people spend their days, not including weekends. The one on the top shows how Emma divides up her days. She is a designer who works for a company.As Emma’s graph shows, the biggest portion of her day is spent w orking. She works an average of 8 hours a day, which is one third of her day. She gets an average of 6 hours to sleep which is 25% of her day. That’s less sleep than Martin gets. According to his graph, he gets an average of 7 hours to sleep which is about 29% of his day. On the other hand, Martine who is engineer, works more hours than Emma does. Martine average 9 hours a day at work co mpare to Emma’s 8. That’s 37.5% compare to 33%.Other factors shown in the graph included time for meals and commuting to work. Other activities include getting dress and doing household chores such as doing laundry and paying bills. As you can see, for Martin, commuting is taking a large amount of his time. If he could reduce his commute time, he will have more time for other things. And it isn’t just the time. When the traffic is really heavy his commute is stressful. It will be great if he can work from home one or two days a week. He life will be more enjoyable.And we look at Emma’s graph, we see she probably needs more sleep. Perhaps, she should spend a bit less time socializing with her friends. On the other hand, socializing with her friend is some thing she really values. As for putting on makeup, she isn’t willing to change that. For her, exercising, socializing and staying beautiful help her deal with the stressful work. In conclusion, Emma and Martin both wish there were more hours in a day.This next graph shows how various factors compare important to 1350 jobs applicants. Applicants were between 20 to 25 years ago. They were asked to list which factors were most important for a good job. As the graph shows, money was the most important factor for 25% of the applicants. However, other factors are also important. The second most important factor was the work environment. In other words, for many, money is everything. People want to like where they work. In fact, if we combine working environment andco-workers, the total is 35%. This is well above the 25% for salary and benefits. Taking together, they are more important than salary and benefits. Career path is also important especially for younger applicants.They want to see that their job helps to build a successful career. For older workers, this may not be as important. Older workers often put the higher value on the balance between life and work. What do you think.L4 Unit 3-1 vocabulary领土、军事、政治、政权状态The government of a country is a control system. Governments make laws and provide services to their citizens.The land over which a government has controlled, is its territory. A country’s territory has boundaries or borders. When you leave or enter a country’s territory, you usually need a passport.The territory of a country is defined by its boundaries.A country’s militaryprovidesdefensefor its territory and its citizens. The military includes an army, an air force and a navy. The main purpose of a military, is to defend a country from attack.A country’s criminal justice system includes the police, courts and prisons. Its purpose is to enforce the law and protect the people from criminal activities.A country social services system provides support to people in need. It provides basic health care services and helps poor people support their children.Anarchy n.混乱;无政府状态;无秩序autocracy n.独裁;独裁统治;独裁政府;独裁政体Oligarchy n.寡头统治的政府;寡头政治的执政集团;寡头统治的国家Astate of anarchy exits when a country has no effective government. In anarchy, there is nobody to make decisions or enforce the laws.An autocracy is the simplest form of government. In an autocracy, the government is controlled by single individual, known as autocrat. Whether or not an autocracy is successful, depends on the character and ability of the leader.In an oligarchy, a small group of people controls the government. Membership in this group often depends on family connection, wealth or military power.In a republic, individuals are elected to represent the citizens. The power of government in a republic is limited by a constitution.A constitution is a written document that makes the rules for a government to follow. This limits the power of a government. Aconstitution defines the relationship between the government and its citizens.L4 Unit 3-1 dialogue谈论工作Ihear you lost your job, is that right?Yes, that’s right. I quit. I quit because the way my boss treats people.What happen.I was n’t feeling good one day and he yelled at me. While I told him not to yell at me, he threatened me.Is that all. That’s what bosses do.Sure, sometime maybe. But my treated everyone badly and I was tired of it. It was the less *The last str ?Yes, it reached the point where I couldn’t take it anymore.I see. So now you d on’t have a job.Right, I don’t have a job.But at least I don’t have to deal with my boss thing. What are you going to do now?To be honest, I’m not sure. but I’ll fine something. I’ll get a job even if it pays less than before.Are you sorry your quit.Yes and no. I guess I should have found another job first and then quit.Why didn’t you.As I said, he pushed me too far. There were some things that I just won take.What about your wife.She isn’t happy that I don’t have a job but she understands. She knows I have temper.And she knows I wasn’t happy working there.Well, I get some luck. My job isn’t great. but I like the people I’m working with and I like my manager.Are you planning to stay there?Idon’t know.For now, it’s ok. But of course i t all depends on how things change. Well if you hear of any job openings, let me know, OK.Sure, send me your resume and I’ll let people know you’re looking. Thanks.L4 Unit 3-2 listening朗朗Lang Lang is one of the world’s greatest concert pianist. His first contact with western music was when he was just 2 years old. He watched the canton in which a cat played a famous piece by Franz Liszt. From this experience, he decided he wanted to learn to play piano. When he was 3 and a half years ago, he started piano lessons.2 years later, he won first place in the piano competition. This early success gave his father great hope that Lang Land will became the world greatest pianist.When Lang Lang was 9 years ago, his father quit his job and took him to Beijing. They left everything behind including his mother who had to work. Lang Lang didn’t want to leave her behind but his father insisted. His father wanted him to study at famous Central Conservatory of Music. When they moved to Beijing, they rented a flat in a poor area of the city. During this time, Lang Lang practiced several hours a day. They started practicing at 5 o’clock which upset his neighbors. They would often pound on his door and ask him to stop practicing. They were so angry that he often feared that they would beat him up.Lang Lang usually had piano lessons once a week to prepare for the conservatory. Nearly 2000 students were applying for just 12 places at the conservatory. His lessons were expensive and very difficult, especially because of his piano teacher. His music teacher didn’t like Lang Lang. he called his teacher professor Angry because she always gave him a hard time. One afternoon, his teacher told him he had no talent and told him to go home.Upon hearing the news, his father screamed and seemed to lose his mind. His father told him that everything was destroyed and there was no reason to live. He ordered Lang Lang to jumpoff the 11th-floor balcony. After this, Lang Lang almost went crazy. He didn’t want to play the piano anymore.For several months, he neither played the piano nor spoke to his father. Then some friends encouraged him to play a piece for them and he realized his great love of piano. For the next 19 months, he practiced hard and his father encouraged him. Finally, when he was ten, he was accepted into the Conservatory with a full scholarship. In 1995, when he was 13 years old, he played music by show * at Beijing concert hall. In that same year, he won first place at an international competition foryoung musicians in Japan. When he was 15, he moved to the United States and began to study with the famous pianist at C institute. Since then, he career has grown and he has become a major star. One of the American music critics called him the biggest most exiting key of talent I haven’t encountered many a year of attention piano recycles.In 2010, Lang Lang signed a recalling contract for several million dollars. In 2011, he performed at white house for president of Obama of United States and Hu Jintao of China.With all of his success and fame, Lang Lang tries to encourage others. He uses his fame to spread the popularity of classic music and encourage young musicians. And in the end, Lang Lang and his father have rebuilt their relationship. In his autobiography, Mr. Lang dedicated the book to his mother and father.L4 Unit 3-2 vocabulary财务、地理Aperson debt is how much he or she owes to others. Debt can be in the form of money, products and services owes to someone else. If you borrow money, they were taking on new debt.An asset is something that has value, such as money, property or even a nice personality. Assets can be used to pay off debts. Specialized knowledge or skills are also assets that can be used to get a job or earn money.Real estate is properties such as land, houses and buildings. Buying, selling or renting property is the business of real estate. Buying or selling real estate is popular for investments.Inventory is a detail list of items in one’s possession. In business, one’s inventory is the supply of items that are ready for sale. If a store runs out of the things for sale, it needs to resupply its inventory.An investment is the purchase of assets with the hope that its value will increase. A good investment can produce income, such as rent income. If the value of that assets falls, the investment will lose money.China is the second largest country in the world by land area. A major issue for china isthe continuing expansion of its desserts which had led the dust storms each spring. Many of the world most polluted cities are located there.South Asia is referred to as Indian sub-contin ent. It’s called thesub-continent because it separated from the rest of Asia by mountainsand sea. It’s one of world’s poorest region with about 75% of the poor living in rural areas.Europe is western neighbor of Asia. It’s separate d from Asia by Ural Mountains which extent for 1500 miles in the north south direction from the Antarctic ocean.The Philippines is the only country in Asia with a majority of Christians. The Philippines is an island Nation with over 7000 islands. It’s located on the south China sea. The country’s capital city is Manila.Asia is the world largest continent covering about 30% of the earth land area. Several island nations are also a part of Asia, including Japan. The world’s tallest mountain is in Asia, including Mount Everest.L4 Unit 3-2 dialogue谈论投票选举Hey, have you decided how you’re going to vote.Not, I haven’t. I don’t like any kind of candidates.So you aren’t going to vote.Mu. I don’t know. Probably not. It seems like a waste of time.Really, why do you think of a waste of time.Have you listened to any of their speeches?Yes, I have and I agree that their speeches are n’t very good.Exactly. I can’t believe anything they say. They are just saying what they think we want to hear.Sure, you want to get elected. I admit th at the system isn’t perfect and it’s always have. Whether I vote or not won’t make a difference. It’s all the show.Well, I think you should vote. Do a little research about the candidates.Have you?Yes, I have. I have looked into their backgrounds and their education.How can that help?For example, if they know something about science, it could help the government make a better decision about issues such as climate change.Yes, that’s good point. We need well-educated people make decisions.And I look to see what kind of people are supporting them.What issues do you think are most important?I guess for me, pollution, housing and taxes are important. I want to know howgovernment plans to deal with these issues.Yes, I agree with you. Maybe I will vote, especially if we could get together and talk more about it.Whatabout dinner tomorrow night?Sorry, I’m busy tomorrow night.Oh, that’s too bad. Do you have any time in the next few days? I will take you to a nice restaurant.Actually, I’m quite busy. But I may have time Sunday afternoon. We can have lunch someone near the office.Sure, that was for me. I will give you a call on Saturday and we can decide the details, ok? OK, I will be looking forward to seeing which candidate you support.L4 Unit 3-3 listening蜜蜂、蜂农与环境Honeybees play an interesting and important role in nature. In additional to making honey, honeybees help many plants reproduce. They do this by pollinating the plant which means to transfer pollen. Pollination occurs when pollen is moved within a plant’s flower or carried to another flower. This is how the plant reproduce. For reproduction to succeed, the pollen must be transferred from the male part of the flower to the female part. Many plants depend on the pollen for reproduction. This included many fruits and vegetables. Beside honeybees, there are many other pollinators including birds, insects and other kind of bees. Without enough pollinators, many of our favorite fruits and vegetable will become more expensive and hard to find. This included almonds and cherries.Honeybee are important pollinators and play an important role in agriculture. Beekeepers are people who keep honeybees. In addition to collecting honey, some beekeepers provide pollination services for farmers. They do this by raising and managing colonis of bees. Farmersneed colonies to pollinate their crops. Beekeepers can provide and manage of bee colonies to farmers.Honeybees are social insects that live in colonies. A bee colony consists of a queen bee, male drones and thousands of male worker bees. Each colony also contains eggs and immature bees in various stage of development. The number of bees within a colony depends on the seasonal changes. A colony’s population increase s during the warm season and decreases during the colder season.In recent year, many bee colonies have collapsed or disappeared. A bee colony collapses occurs when a majority of bee in colony disappear and leave behind the queen.Some beekeepers have reported losing 30 to90 % of their colonies. This loss of bee colonies can cause significant problems for farmers who depend on them to pollinate their crops. In some parts of the world, a shortage of bees has increased the cost of renting bees by up to 20%.There are several possible causes for bee colony collapse. One possible cause is the use of new pesticides. Other possible causes include infections from viruses, genetic factors and malnutrition（营养不良）. Changing weather patterns may also play a role as summers get hotter and winters get colder. These changes in weather may weaken the bees, making it more difficult for them to fight infections. Whatever the causes of colony collapse, it’s important to understand that many parts of our world are inter dependent. Changes that effect on one species may have serious effects on other species. A change to our environment, can start a chain of event that is difficult to predict. In any complex system such as the earth environment, small changes can cause a un consequences. The danger of un consequences is something that we all need to understand better.L4 Unit 3-3 vocabulary商品、服务和工作Goods and services supply whatpeople need or want. Goods are things such food and clothing. Services included things such as health care and police protection.A country needs natural and human resources. Natural resources include fresh water supplies, farmland and energy sources such as oil and wind. Human resources includes a skilled workforce that can produce goods and services.Once we had supplies of goods and services, they need to distribute throughout the country. Highways and railways are both way to transport thing from one part of country to another.Electricity are distributed through a system of transmition lines.We live in an age of advertising. Advertising lets people know about goods and services. It educates people about a product being advertised.Trade allows for the exchange of goods and services between different countries. Exports are goods and services that are sold to another country. Imports are goods and services that are brought from other country. For example, many countries import oil from countries such as Saudi Arabia.Employees are the people who work for a company. Some employees do basic work suchas operating a machine or driving a track. People who hire and direct the work of other are managers.Interview is one way to find out about a person who applies for a job. In an interview, the applicants can ask question abo ut a company and company can find out about a person’s skills and experience.An entrepreneur is someone who starts a company. Entrepreneurs often have new ideas and ways of doing things that can give company advantage.Salary and benefits are used to attract new employees into a company. If the salary and benefits are good enough, employees may take a job and stay with the company. Benefits includes vacation time, health insurance and bonusesfor employees who do a good job.When apply for job, it’s important to have skills and experience needed for the job. Developing and increasing skills and experience is good way to prepare for a job. Each job a person has is an opportunity to learn new things and develop new skills.Advertises try to increase to the demand for a product or service.Education and training are ways to develop a skilled workforce.UnforeseenL4 Unit 3-3 dialogue谈论租房与房东You don’t look good, is something bothering you.Yes, it’s my landlord.Oh, is it something wrong with your flat.No, that’s not something wrong with the flat. But I’m going to have to move out.Why did you have to move out?For the last 2 month, a friend has been staying with me. She stayed until she could find a job.That’s nice of you.Yes, but I’m not supposed to have anyone staying there.Was that in the rental agreement.Yes, it was. It’s ok if a friend stays for few days but not for more than that.So you broke the agreement even though it was for a good reason.Anyway, one of my neighbors told the landlords about my friend. So now I’m in trouble. The landlord is angry and says she can’t trust me.That’s ridiculous.I told her about my friend and how I’m trying to help her, but she doesn’t care.Wow, she doesn’t sound very nice.That’s right, she isn’t nice.She’s just interested in money. In fact, she is going to keep my security deposit.How can she do that. Nothing is damaged, right.Right, everything in the flat is fine.She’s keeping the deposit because I broke the rental agreement.What about your rent.Yes , that’s another problem. I already pay 3 months rent so I hope I can get it back. What can you do if she doesn’t return it.I don’t know. I told to my agent. He’s nice and maybe he can help.Maybe I should refuse to leave the flat until I get it back.Be sure to take picture of your flat.What for?Just to show the condition of your flat. Then she can’t say your friend damaged it anyway. Good idea. She’s a small-minded, evil woman. I should never have rented it from her in the first place.L4 Unit 3-4 listening职业What kind of career is the best and what kind of qualification?One of most popular careers for kids is the to become an astronaut. Many kids dream of going space when they grow up. They dream of work on a space station or exploring deep space. To become an ast ronaut, it’s important to have the right background. Many astronauts have a background in engineering, physics or medicine. Sometime they have a military background, such as flying military aircraft. As for pay, astronaut can earn a good salary but not great.Another popular career is to become a musician or actor. Many kids dream of become a famous singer or movie stars. However, most of musician or actor don’t become famous. They are usually paid by the hour or by the performance. Only a very few have lots of money. So the best advice is not to be a musician or actor unless that’s your real passion. Becoming a professional athlete is another dre am job for many. It’s nice to imagine play a favorite sport and getting paid for it. However, becoming a famous athlete takes a lot of work and practice. Great athletes practice for hours a day with teammates and coaches. They also work regularly with trainers to keep their body strong. The level of pay for athletes depends on the success and the level of their performance. Athletes often have short career because of the physical requirement of their sport. When you are no longer able to compete in a high level, some athletes become coaches.Firefightersand police officers are important job that help and protect people. These careers require applicants to complete training programs and pass the written and physical tests. These jobs can be exciting and dangerous so they require courage andsometimes sacrifice.When considering salary and benefits, some of the lowest paying jobs are in the hospitality and beauty industries. For example, food service worker and hairstyles generously have low salaries. This ki nd of job don’t r equire much of the education or training. But again, if you enjoy what you’re doing, that may be good enough. For example, youmay really enjoy talking with your customers. Spending your life doing something you dislike can be very unsatisfying, even if the salary is high.Some of the highest paid professions includes doctors, lawyers and scientists. However, these professions require high level of education and training. The path to becoming a doctor, for example, is a long one. Doctors require a university degree, several years in medical school, and several more years in experience. Only then are they certified as a medical doctor or MD. So it doesn’t make sense to consider these professions unless you are willing to work hard for many years. And because, you should really care doing the work well.L4 Unit 3-4 vocabulary战争和生物Civil wars are fought betweencitizens of the same country and are fought within the country. If citizens of a country disagree about the policy or leader, they may fight a civil war.A world war is fought when countries form alliances and these alliances fight each other. A world war involves many or most of the world’s most powerful countries. There were 2 world war in the 20th century.Terrorism involves groups of individuals rather than countries. Terrorists may come from different countries and they may share the same beliefs. Terrorists often use car-bombings or suicide attacks on innocent people. A terrorist attack can happen at any time and any place.An invasion occurs when one country attacks another. It sends its army to the other country and attempts to take control. One of most famous invasions was when France invaded Russia in 1812.Adefensive war occurs when a country is attacked and needs to defend itself. Most of countries have military so that it can defend itself if it’s attacked. when France invaded Russia in 1812, the Russia army fought a defensive war and defeated the French army.Acell is the basic unit of life. A cell is smallest structure that can live and reproduce. Cells grow and develop, reproduce and interact with the environment.Photosynthesis was one of most important biological processes. It allows plants to capture and use lightas an energy source. photosynthesis is the process of converting light energy into chemical energy.A virus is small biological structure that attacks and enters cells. Once inside a cell, a virus reproduces and makes many copies of itself. Some diseases such influenza(流感)are viruses.Bacteria are one-celled forms of life that are all around us. Although they have a single cell structure, they are very important. Many bacteria are inside us and help us digest our food.DNA is a complex molecule that stores information and can make copies of itself. Nearly any cells in a person’s body has the same DNA. The information stored in DNA tells cells what to do and it’s necessary for reproduction.L4 Unit 3-4 dialogue旅馆更换房间Good evening, sir. How can I help you?Yes, we just check in and our room is unacceptable. It’s room 1810.Is there something wrong with the room?Yes, there certainly is. We requested a non-smoking room but the room smiles of smoke. Let me check. Yes, that room is supposed to be a non-smoking room.Well, somebody certainly doesn’t follow the rules. The current smoke is cigars. We can hardly breath and the windows don’t open.Right, the windows don’t open, sir. I really sorry about this. Let me see if I can find you another room.Yes, please. We certainly can’t stay in that room. Both our kids have asthma, so the smell of smoke can cause breathing problems.Yes, I understand your concern. Sir, I’m afraid we don’t have any other rooms with two double beds. If you’ll excuse me, I will speak with my manager.Thank you. We were really tired and we would like to get rest as soon as possible.Yes, I understand. If you don’t mind, could you wait in the lounge near the elevators? I shouldn’t be long.Sure, I hope it doesn’t take time.Good evening, I’m the manager here. I’m sorry to hear about your room.Yes, we are not happy and we were really tired. I hope you can help us.I’m sure we can. Since we don’t have another non-smoking room for you, we will upgradeyour suite. Will that be ok?Yes, there will be fine. There is no extra cost, right.No, sir. There would be no extra charge.And it’s non-smoking, right.Yes, sir. I’ve confirmed that is non-smoking.Thanks I really appreciate your help.It’s my pleasure, sir. I hope you and your family have a wonderful stay with us. Here is my card. If there is anything else I can do for you, please let me know.I will. Have a good evening.Thank you, sir. And once again, let me apology for the same inconvenience.。

懂你英语Level4 Unit 3 Part1it 3-1 listening时间花费Look at these 2 pie graphs. They show how these 2 people spend their days, not including weekends. The one on the top shows how Emma divides up her days. She is a designer who works for a company. As Emma’s graph shows, the biggest portion部分of her day is spent working.She works an average of 8 hours a day, which is one third of her day.She gets an average of 6 hours to sleep which is 25% of her day. That’s less sleep than Martin gets. According to his graph, he gets an average of 7 hours to sleep which is about 29% of his day.On the other hand, Martine who is engineer, works more hours than Emma does.Martine average 9 hours a day at work co mpare to Emma’s 8. That’s 37.5% compare to 33%.Other factors shown in the graph included time for meals and commuting to work.Other activities include getting dress and doing household chores such as doing laundry and paying bills. As you can see, for Martin, commuting is taking a large amount of his time.If he could reduce his commute time, he will have more time for other things. And it isn’t just the time. When the traffic is really heavy his commute is stressful.It will be great if he can work from home one or two days a week. He life will be more enjoyable. And we look at Emma’s graph, we see she probably needs more sleep.Perhaps, she should spend a bit less time socializing with her friends.On the other hand, socializing with her friend is something she really values.As for putting on makeup, she isn’t willing to change that.For her, exercising, socializing and staying beautiful help her deal with the stressful work.In conclusion, Emma and Martin both wish there were more hours in a day.This next graph shows how various factors compare important to 1350 jobs applicants.Applicants were between 20 to 25 years ago.They were asked to list which factors were most important for a good job.As the graph shows, money was the most important factor for 25% of the applicants.However, other factors are also important. The second most important factor was the work environment. In other words, for many, money is everything.People want to like where they work.In fact, if we combine working environment and co-workers, the total is 35%.This is well above the 25% for salary and benefits.Taking together, they are more important than salary and benefits.Career path is also important especially for younger applicants.They want to see that their job helps to build a successful career.For older workers, this may not be as important.Older workers often put the higher value on the balance between life and work. What do you think.it 3-1 vocabulary领土、军事、政治、政权状态The government of a country is a control system.Governments make laws and provide services to their citizens.The land over which a government has controlled, is its territory /'tɛrətɔri/领土.A country’s territory has boundaries/'baʊndri/ or borders.When you leave or enter a country’s territory, you usually need a passport.The territory of a country is defined by its boundaries.A country’s military provides defense for its territory and its citizens.The military includes an army, an air force and a navy.The main purpose of a military, is to defend a country from attack.A country’s criminal justice system includes the police, courts and prisons.Its purpose is to enforce the law and protect the people from criminal activities.A country social services system provides support to people in need.It provides basic health care services and helps poor people support their children.-----------------------------------------------------------------Anarchy /'ænɚki/ n.混乱;无政府状态;无秩序autocracy /ɔ'tɑkrəsi/ n.独裁;独裁统治;独裁政府;独裁政体Oligarchy /'ɑlə'gɑrki/ n.寡头统治的政府;寡头政治的执政集团;寡头统治的国家--------------------------------------------------------------------------A state of anarchy exits when a country has no effective government.In anarchy, there is nobody to make decisions or enforce the laws.An autocracy is the simplest form of government.In an autocracy, the government is controlled by single individual, known as autocrat.Whether or not an autocracy is successful, depends on the character and ability of the leader.In an oligarchy, a small group of people controls the government.Membership in this group often depends on family connection, wealth or military power.In a republic, individuals are elected to represent the citizens.The power of government in a republic is limited by a constitution.A constitution is a written document that makes the rules for a government to follow.This limits the power of a government.A constitution defines the relationship between the government and its citizens.it 3-1 dialogue谈论工作I hear you lost your job, is that right?Yes, that’s right. I quit. I quit because the way my boss treats people.What happen.I was n’t feeling good one day and he yelled at me. While I told him not to yell at对...吼叫me, he threatened me. Is that all. That’s what bosses do.Sure, sometime maybe. But my treated everyone badly and I was tired of it. It was the less *The last str ?Yes, it reached the point where I couldn’t take it anymore.I see. So now you d on’t have a job.Right, I don’t have a job.But at least I don’t have to deal with my boss thing. What are you going to do now?To be honest, I’m not sure. but I’ll fine something. I’ll get a job even if it pays less than before.Are you sorry for your quit.Yes and no. I guess I should have found another job first and then quit.Why didn’t you.As I said, he pushed me too far. There were some things that I just won't take.What about your wife.She isn’t happy that I don’t have a job but she understands. S he knows I have temper.And she knows I wasn’t happy working there.Well, I get some luck. My job isn’t great. but I like the people I’m working with and I like my manager.Are you planning to stay there?I don’t know.For now, it’s ok. But of course it al l depends on how things change.Well if you hear of any job openings, let me know, OK.Sure, send me your resume and I’ll let people know you’re looking.Thanks.it 3-2 listening朗朗Lang Lang is one of the world’s greatest concert /'kɑnsɚt/ pianist.His first contact with western music was when he was just 2 years old.He watched the canton/'kæntən/ in which a cat played a famous piece by Franz Liszt 弗朗兹·李斯特（匈牙利作曲家）. From this experience, he decided he wanted to learn to play piano.When he was 3 and a half years ago, he started piano lessons.2 years later, he won first place in the piano competition.This early success gave his father great hope that Lang Land will became the world greatest pianist.When Lang Lang was 9 years ago, his father quit his job and took him to Beijing.They left everything behind including his mother who had to work.Lang Lang didn’t want to leave her behind but his father insisted.His father wanted him to study at famous Central Conservatory of Music 中央音乐学院.When they moved to Beijing, they rented a flat in a poor area of the city.During this time, Lang Lang practiced several hours a day.They started practicing at 5 o’clock which upset his neighbors.They would often pound on敲打his door and ask him to stop practicing.They were so angry that he often feared that they would beat him up毒打.Lang Lang usually had piano lessons once a week to prepare for the conservatory /kən'sɝvətɔri/音乐学校. Nearly 2000 students were applying for just 12 places at the conservatory.His lessons were expensive and very difficult, especially because of his piano teacher.His music teacher didn’t like Lang Lang.He called his teacher professor Angry because she always gave him a hard time.One afternoon, his teacher told him he had no talent and told him to go home.Hearing the news, his father screamed and seemed to lose his mind.His father told him that everything was destroyed and there was no reason to live.He ordered Lang Lang to jump off 跳下来the 11th-floor balcony.After this, Lang Lang almost went crazy. He didn’t want to play the piano anymore.For several months, he neither played the piano nor spoke to his father.Then some friends encouraged him to play a piece for them and he realized his great love of piano.For the next 19 months, he practiced hard and his father encouraged him.Finally, when he was ten, he was accepted into the Conservatory with a full scholarship.In 1995, when he was 13 years old, he played music by show * at Beijing concert hall.In that same year, he won first place at an international competition for young musicians in Japan.When he was 15, he moved to the United States and began to study with the famous pianist at C institute.Since then, he career has grown and he has become a major star.One of the American music critics called him the biggest most exiting key of talent I haven’t encountered many a year of attention piano recycles.In 2010, Lang Lang signed a recalling contract for several million dollars.In 2011, he performed at white house for president Obama of United States and Hu Jintao of China.With all of his success and fame, Lang Lang tries to encourage others.He uses his fame to spread the popularity of classic music and encourage young musicians.And in the end, Lang Lang and his father have rebuilt their relationship.In his autobiography自传, Mr. Lang dedicated the book to his mother and father.it 3-2 vocabulary财务、地理A person debt is how much he or she owes to others.Debt can be in the form of money, products and services owes to someone else.If you borrow money, they were taking on new debt.An asset is something that has value, such as money, property or even a nice personality.Assets can be used to pay off debts.Specialized /'spɛʃə'laɪzd/ knowledge or skills are also assets that can be used to get a job or earn money.Real estate is properties such as land, houses and buildings.Buying, selling or renting property is the business of real estate.Buying or selling real estate is popular for investments.Inventory is a detail list of items in one’s possession /pə'zɛʃən/.In business, one’s inventory is the supply of items that are ready for sale.If a store runs out of the things for sale, it needs to resupply再供应its inventory.An investment is the purchase of assets with the hope that its value will increase.A good investment can produce income, such as rent income.If the value of that assets falls, the investment will lose money.------------------------------------------------------------------China is the second largest country in the world by land area.A major issue for China is the continuing持续的expansion of its desserts which had led the dust storms each spring. Many of the world most polluted cities are located there.Asia is referred to as Indian sub-continent.It’s called the sub-continent 次大陆because it separated from the rest of Asia by mountains and sea.It’s one of world’s poorest region with about 75% of the poor living in rural areas.Europe is western neighbor of Asia. It’s separate d from Asia by Ural Mountains乌拉尔which extent for 1500 miles in the north south direction from the Antarctic/æntˈɑrktɪk/ ocean.The Philippines is the only country in Asia with a majority of Christians /'krɪstʃən/.The Philippines is an island Nation with over 7000 islands. It’s located on the south China sea.The country’s capital city is Manila马尼拉.Asia is the world largest continent covering about 30% of the earth land area.Several island nations are also a part of Asia, including Japan.The world’s tallest mountain is in Asia, including Mount Everest埃佛勒斯峰.it 3-2 dialogue谈论投票选举Hey, have you dec ided how you’re going to vote？Not, I haven’t. I don’t like any kind of candidates.So you aren’t going to vote.Mu. I don’t know. Probably not. It seems like a waste of time.Really, why do you think of a waste of time？Have you listened to any of their speeches?Yes, I have and I agree that their speeches aren’t very good.Exactly. I can’t believe anything they say. They are just saying what they think we want to hear.Sure, you want to get elected. I admit th at the system isn’t perfect and it’s always ha ve .Whether I vote or not won’t make a difference. It’s all the show.Well, I think you should vote. Do a little research about the candidates.Have you?Yes, I have. I have looked into their backgrounds and their education.How can that help?For example, if they know something about science, it could help the government make a better decision about issues such as climate change.Yes, that’s good point. We need well-educated people make decisions.And I look to see what kind of people are supporting them.What issues do you think are most important?I guess for me, pollution, housing and taxes are important.I want to know how government plans to deal with these issues.Yes, I agree with you. Maybe I will vote, especially if we could get together and talk more about it.What about dinner tomorrow night?Sorry, I’m busy tomorrow night.Oh, that’s too bad. Do you have any time in the next few days? I will take you to a nice restaurant.Actually, I’m quite busy. But I may have time Sunday afternoon. We ca n have lunch someone near the office. Sure, that was for me. I will give you a call on Saturday and we can decide the details, ok?OK, I will be looking forward to seeing which candidate you support.L4 Unit 3-3 listening 蜜蜂、蜂农与环境Honeybees play an interesting and important role in nature.In additional to making honey, honeybees help many plants reproduce.They do this by pollinating the plant which means to transfer pollen.Pollination授粉occurs when pollen/'pɑlən/ 花粉is moved within a plant’s flower or carried to another flower. This is how the plant reproduce.For reproduction to succeed, the pollen must be transferred from the male part of the flower to the female part. Many plants depend on the pollen for reproduction. This included many fruits and vegetables.Beside honeybees, there are many other pollinators including birds, insects and other kind of bees.Without enough pollinators, many of our favorite fruits and vegetable will become more expensive and hard to find. This included almonds and cherries.Honeybee are important pollinators and play an important role in agriculture.Beekeepers are people who keep honeybees.In addition to collecting honey, some beekeepers provide pollination services for farmers.They do this by raising and managing colonies殖民地of bees.Farmers need colonies to pollinate their crops.Beekeepers can provide and manage of bee colonies to farmers.Honeybees are social insects that live in colonies.A bee colony consists of a queen bee, male drones 雄蜂and thousands of male worker bees.Each colony also contains eggs and immature未成熟的bees in various stage of development.The number of bees within a colony depends on the seasonal changes.A colony’s population increases during the warm season and decreases during the colder season.In recent year, many bee colonies have collapsed or disappeared.A bee colony collapses occurs when a majority of bee in colony disappear and leave behind the queen.Some beekeepers have reported losing 30 to 90 % of their colonies.This loss of bee colonies can cause significant problems for farmers who depend on them to pollinate their crops.In some parts of the world, a shortage of bees has increased the cost of renting bees by up to 20%.There are several possible causes for bee colony collapse. One possible collapse is the use of new pesticides农药. Other possible causes include infections from viruses, genetic factors遗传因素and malnutrition（营养不良）. Changing weather patterns may also play a role as summers get hotter and winters get colder.These changes in weather may weaken the bees, making it more difficult for them to fight infections.Whatever the causes of colony collapse, it’s important to un derstand that many parts of our world are interdependent.Changes that effect on one species may have serious effects on other species.A change to our environment, can start a chain of event that is difficult to predict.In any complex system such as the earth environment, small changes can cause a un consequences.The danger of un consequences is something that we all need to understand better.L4 Unit 3-3 vocabulary 商品、服务和工作Goods and services supply what people need or want.Goods are things such food and clothing.Services included things such as health care and police protection.A country needs natural and human resources.Natural resources include fresh water supplies, farmland and energy sources such as oil and wind.Human resources includes a skilled workforce that can produce goods and services.Once we had supplies of goods and services, they need to distribute throughout the country.Highways and railways are both way to transport thing from one part of country to another.Electricity are distributed through a system of transmition lines.We live in an age of advertising.Advertising lets people know about goods and services.It educates people about a product being advertised.Trade allows for the exchange of goods and services between different countries.Exports are goods and services that are sold to another country.Imports are goods and services that are brought from other country.For example, many countries import oil from countries such as Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯.Employees are the people who work for a company.Some employees do basic work such as operating a machine or driving a track.People who hire and direct the work of other are managers.Interview is one way to find out about a person who applies for a job.In an inte rview, the applicants can ask question about a company and company can find out about a person’s skills and experience.An entrepreneur is someone who starts a company.Entrepreneurs often have new ideas and ways of doing things that can give company advantage.Salary and benefits are used to attract new employees into a company.If the salary and benefits are good enough, employees may take a job and stay with the company.Benefits includes vacation time, health insurance and bonuses for employees who do a good job.When apply for job, it’s important to have skills and experience needed for the job.Developing and increasing skills and experience is good way to prepare for a job.Each job a person has is an opportunity to learn new things and develop new skills.Advertises try to increase to the demand for a product or service.Education and training are ways to develop a skilled workforce unforeseenL4 Unit 3-3 dialogue 谈论租房与房东You don’t look g ood, is something bothering you？Yes, it’s my landlord房东.Oh, is it something wrong with your flat.No, that’s not something wrong with the flat. But I’m going to have to move out.Why did you have to move out?For the last 2 month, a friend has been staying with me. She stayed until she could find a job.Tha t’s nice of you.Yes, but I’m not supposed to have anyone staying there.Was that in the rental agreement？Yes, it was. It’s ok if a friend stays for a few days but not for more than that.So you broke the agreement even though it was for a good reason.Anyway, one of my neighbors told the landlords about my friend. So now I’m in trouble. The landlord is angry and says she can’t trust me.That’s ridiculous.I told her about my friend and how I’m trying to help her, but she doesn’t care.Wow, she doesn’t s ound very nice.That’s right, she isn’t nice. She’s just interested in money. In fact, she is going to keep my security deposit 押金. How can she do that？Nothing is damaged, right.Right, everything in the flat is fine.She’s keeping the deposit because I b roke the rental agreement.What about your rent？Yes , that’s another problem. I already pay 3 months rent so I hope I can get it back.What can you do if she doesn’t return it？I don’t know. I told to my agent. He’s nice and maybe he can help.Maybe I should refuse to leave the flat until I get it back.Be sure to take picture of your flat.What for?Just to show the condition of your flat. Then she can’t say your friend damaged it anyway.Good idea. She’s a small-minded心胸狭窄的, evil woman. I should never have rented it from her in the first place.L4 Unit 3-4 listening 职业What kind of career is the best and what kind of qualification?One of most popular careers for kids is the to become an astronaut.Many kids dream of going space when they grow up.They dream of work on a space station or exploring deep space.To become an astronaut, it’s important to have the right background.Many astronauts have a background in engineering, physics or medicine.Sometimes they have a military background, such as flying military aircraft.As for pay, astronaut can earn a good salary but not great.Another popular career is to become a musician or actor.Many kids dream of become a famous singer or movie stars.However, most of musician or actor don’t become famou s.They are usually paid by the hour or by the performance.Only a very few have lots of money.So the best advice is not to be a musician or actor unless that’s your real passion.Becoming a professional athlete is another dream job for many.It’s ni ce to imagine play a favorite sport and getting paid for it.However, becoming a famous athlete takes a lot of work and practice.Great athletes practice for hours a day with teammates and coaches.They also work regularly with trainers to keep their body strong.The level of pay for athletes depends on the success and the level of their performance.Athletes often have short career because of the physical requirement of their sport.When you are no longer able to compete in a high level, some athletes become coaches.Firefighters and police officers are important job that help and protect people.These careers require applicants to complete training programs and pass the written and physical tests.These jobs can be exciting and dangerous so they require courage and sometimes sacrifice.When considering salary and benefits, some of the lowest paying jobs are in the hospitality and beauty industries. For example, food service worker and hairstyles generously have low salaries.This kind of j ob don’t require much of the education or training.But again, if you enjoy what you’re doing, that may be good enough.For example, you may really enjoy talking with your customers.Spending your life doing something you dislike can be very unsatisfying, even if the salary is high.Some of the highest paid professions includes doctors, lawyers and scientists.However, these professions 职业require high level of education and training.The path to becoming a doctor, for example, is a long one.Doctors require a university degree, several years in medical school, and several more years in experience.Only then are they certified as a medical doctor or MD.So it doesn’t make sense to consider these professions unless you are willing to work hard for ma ny years.And because, you should really care doing the work well.L4 Unit 3-4 vocabulary 战争和生物Civil 内战wars are fought between citizens of the same country and are fought within the country.If citizens of a country disagree about the policy or leader, they may fight a civil war.A world war is fought when countries form alliances and these alliances fight each other.A world war involves many or most of the world’s most powerful countries.There were 2 world war in the 20th century.Terrorism involves groups of individuals rather than countries.Terrorists may come from different countries and they may share the same beliefs.Terrorists often use car-bombings or suicide attacks on innocent people.A terrorist attack can happen at any time and any place.An invasion侵略occurs when one country attacks another.It sends its army to the other country and attempts to take control.One of most famous invasions was when France invaded Russia in 1812.A defensive 防御的war occurs when a country is attacked and needs to defend itself.Most of countries have military so that it can defend itself if it’s attacked.When France invaded Russia in 1812, the Russia army fought a defensive war and defeated the French army.A cell 细胞is the basic unit of life.A cell is smallest structure that can live and reproduce.Cells grow and develop, reproduce and interact with the environment.Photosynthesis光合作用/,foto'sɪnθəsɪs/ was one of most important biological processes.It allows plants to capture and use light as an energy source.Photosynthesis is the process of converting light energy into chemical energy.A virus is small biological structure that attacks and enters cells.Once inside a cell, a virus reproduces and makes many copies of itself.Some diseases such influenza /,ɪnflu'ɛnzə/ (流感)are viruses.Bacteria are one-celled forms of life that are all around us.Although they have a single cell structure, they are very important.Many bacteria are inside us and help us digest our food.DNA is a complex molecule that stores information and can make copies of itself.Nearly any cells in a person’s body has the same DNA.The information stored in DNA tells cells what to do and it’s necessary for reproduction.L4 Unit 3-4 dialogue 旅馆更换房间Good evening, sir. How can I help you?Yes, we just check in and our room is unacceptable. It’s room 1810.Is there something wrong with the room?Yes, there certainly is. We requested a non-smoking room but the room smiles of smoke.Let me check. Yes, that room is supposed to be a non-smoking room.Well, somebody certainly doesn’t follow the rules. The current smoke is cigars. We can hardly breath and the windows don’t open.Right, the windows don’t open, sir. I really sorry about this. Let me see if I can find you another room.Yes, please. We certainly can’t stay in that room. Both our kids have asthma哮喘/'æzmə/, so the smell of smoke can cause breathing problems.Yes, I understand your concern. Sir, I’m afraid we don’t have any other rooms with two double beds. If you’ll excuse me, I will speak with my manager.Thank you. We were really tired and we would like to get rest as soon as possible.Yes, I understand. If you don’t mind, could you wait in the lounge 休息室near the elevators? I sh ouldn’t be long. Sure, I hope it doesn’t take time.Good evening, I’m the manager here. I’m sorry to hear about your room.Yes, we are not happy and we were really tired. I hope you can help us.I’m sure we can. Since we don’t have another non-smoking room for you, we will upgrade your suite. Will that be ok?Yes, there will be fine. There is no extra cost, right.No, sir. There would be no extra charge.And it’s non-smoking, right.Yes, sir. I’ve confirmed that is non-smoking.Thanks I really appreciate your help.It’s my pleasure, sir. I hope you and your family have a wonderful stay with us. Here is my card. If there is anything else I can do for you, please let me know.I will. Have a good evening.Thank you, sir. And once again, let me apology for the same inconvenience.。