渤海湾盆地冀中坳陷古潜山的构造成因类型何登发;崔永谦;张煜颖;单帅强;肖阳;张传宝;周从安;高园【摘要】Buried-hill is an important exploration target in Jizhong depression.Analyzing its geologic structure and disclosing its formation mechanism is key to deepen the understanding of its tectonic evolution and the oil and gas exploration fairways.Based on the high-resolution 2-D and 3-D seismic data,and hundreds of deep exploratory wells across the depression,the paper used the structural analysis method to explore the buried-hill stratigraphic strata,fault system,and tectonic evolution as a whole,and put forward a new scheme for buried-hill genetic classification.It is shown that the buried-hill in Jizhong depression underwent a series of processes such as the sedimentary rock formation before Mesozoic,the compression in Late Jurassic,the multi-phase extension during Cretaceous to Paleogene,and the thermal subsiding and burying during Neogene to Quaternary.According to the tectonic location,the structural deformation feature,and the strength of extension,the buried-hill can be divided into 14 kinds of basic genetic mechanism.Due to the long period of tectonic evolution and the combined influences of the inner-and exo-genetic geological processes,the buried-hill has largely of a composite genetics.In map-view,the different genetic buried-hill zones exhibit regularly.It gives 7 kinds of structural association,such as,the tilted block and highbulge,antithetic fault step,synthetic fault step and high bulge,transverse anticline or relay high and inverted slope,high bulge and extensionallochthon block and inverted slope,high high-bi-direction rotation-high bulge,tilted block and metamorphic core complex,etc.Among these,such types of buried-hills as the antithetic tilted block,the high bulge,the fault step,the inverted slope,and the allochthon block have favorable petroliferous potential owing to the matching of the source rocks and the reservoir rocks,the timing for trapping and accumulating.The oil and gas resource is much rich in Jizhong depression.The above genetic classification of buried-hill is helpful for addressing the oil and gas accumulation and distribution.%冀中坳陷的潜山是油气勘探的重要领域.解剖潜山的地质结构、揭示潜山的成因机制是深化油气勘探领域的认识、深入分析潜山构造演化的关键.本文在覆盖全坳陷高精度的二维、三维地震资料,数百口深探井系统解释的基础上,应用构造解析方法,深入研究了潜山的地层系统、断裂构造与构造演化特征,提出了潜山成因分类的新方案.研究表明,冀中坳陷的潜山经历了前中生代建造形成、侏罗纪晚期挤压、白垩纪-古近纪多幕伸展断陷与新近纪-第四纪沉陷埋藏的形成过程;依据潜山发育的构造位置、构造变形特点与伸展变形的强度,将潜山划分为14种基本的成因类型;受控于长期演化及内外地质营力的联合作用,潜山多具有复合成因,在平面上不同成因类型的潜山带有规律地出现,主要有掀斜断块-高凸起型、反向断阶型、同向断阶-高凸起型、横向背斜或转换凸起-反转斜坡型、高凸起型-伸展外来断块型-反转斜坡型、高凸起型-双向旋转型-高凸起型、掀斜断块-变质核杂岩型等7种组合类型.其中,反向掀斜断块型、高凸起型、断阶型、反转型斜坡、外来断块型等成因类型的潜山因源-储组合、成山与成藏时期匹配而含油气性较好.冀中坳陷的潜山油气资源丰富,上述潜山成因分类方案有助于进一步剖析潜山的油气成藏机理与油气分布规律.【期刊名称】《岩石学报》【年(卷),期】2017(033)004【总页数】19页(P1338-1356)【关键词】构造成因;构造演化;成因类型;潜山;油气分布;冀中坳陷;渤海湾盆地【作者】何登发;崔永谦;张煜颖;单帅强;肖阳;张传宝;周从安;高园【作者单位】中国地质大学能源学院,北京100083;中国石油华北油田分公司地球物理勘探研究院,任丘062552;中国地质大学能源学院,北京100083;中国地质大学能源学院,北京100083;中国石油华北油田分公司地球物理勘探研究院,任丘062552;中国石油华北油田分公司地球物理勘探研究院,任丘062552;中国石油华北油田分公司地球物理勘探研究院,任丘062552;中国石油华北油田分公司地球物理勘探研究院,任丘062552【正文语种】中文【中图分类】P618.13潜山(Buried hill)是一种古地貌圈闭，自Powers(1922)发表《潜山及其在石油地质学中的重要性》论文以来，油气勘探实践逐渐证明沉积盆地中这类“基岩”油气藏的巨大勘探潜力，例如美国1928年发现的俄克拉荷马城古潜山油田，委内瑞拉1953年在马拉开波盆地发现的拉巴斯油田(三叠-侏罗系变质岩、火成岩)，阿尔及利亚1956年发现的哈西迈萨乌德寒武系潜山油田(含油面积达1300km2，石油地质储量达35.7×108t)，利比亚在花岗岩基岩潜山中发现了奥季拉-纳福拉油田；我国1959年在酒西盆地发现了鸭儿峡中志留统泉脑沟组变质岩潜山裂缝型油藏，1972年在渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷的义和庄凸起北坡钻探的沾11井于奥陶系灰岩中获得了日产近千吨的高产油流，1975年7月在冀中坳陷饶阳凹陷的任4井在中元古界蓟县系雾迷山组(Jxw)碳酸盐岩中获得1014t/d的高产工业油流，发现了富集高产的任丘潜山油田，拉开了冀中探区大规模潜山勘探的序幕。
