CEP226说明书(最新))
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CURRENT MEASUREMENT PROBESAmpFlex ®Flexible AC Current ProbeENGLISHUser ManualCopyright© Chauvin Arnoux®, Inc. d.b.a. AEMC® Instruments. All rights reserved.No part of this documentation may be reproduced in any form or by any means (including electronic storage and retrieval or translation into any other language) without prior agreement and written consent from Chauvin Arnoux®, Inc., as governed by United States and International copyright laws.Chauvin Arnoux®, Inc. d.b.a. AEMC® Instruments15 Faraday Drive • Dover, NH 03820 USATel: (800) 945-2362 or (603) 749-6434 • Fax: (603) 742-2346This documentation is provided “as is,” without warranty of any kind, express, implied, or otherwise. Chauvin Arnoux®, Inc. has made every reasonable effort to ensure that this documentation is accurate; but does not warrant the accuracy or completeness of the text, graphics, or other information contained in this documentation. Chauvin Arnoux®, Inc. shall not be liable for any damages, special, indirect, incidental, or inconsequential; including (but not limited to) physical, emotional or monetary damages due to lost revenues or lost profits that may result from the use of this documentation, whether or not theChauvin Arnoux ®, Inc.d.b.a AEMC ® Instruments Statement of ComplianceChauvin Arnoux ®, Inc. d.b.a. AEMC ® Instrumentscertifies that this instrument has been calibratedusing standards and instruments traceable tointernational standards.We guarantee that at the time of shipping yourinstrument has met the instrument’s publishedspecifications.An NIST traceable certificate may be requested at the time of purchase, or obtained by returning the instrument to our repair and calibration facility, for a nominal charge.The recommended calibration interval for thisinstrument is 12 months and begins on the date ofreceipt by the customer. For recalibration, pleaseuse our calibration services. Refer to our repair andcalibration section at .Serial #:Cata log #:Model #:Please fi ll in the appropriate date as indicated:Date Received: Date Calibration Due:TABLE OF CONTENTS1. INTRODUCTION (5)1.1 PRECAUTIONS FOR USE (6)1.2 RECEIVING YOUR SHIPMENT (6)1.3 PACKAGING (6)2. PRODUCT FEATURES (7)2.1 DESCRIPTION (7)2.2 AMPFLEX® (8)2.3 FEATURES (9)2.4 ACCESSORIES (9)2.5 STANDARD MODELS (10)3. OPERATION (11)3.1 MAKING MEASUREMENTS WITH THE AMPFLEX® (11)3.2 TIPS FOR MAKING PRECISE MEASUREMENTS (12)3.3 TYPICAL RESPONSE CURVES (15)4. SPECIFICATIONS (17)4.1 COMMON SPECIFICATION (18)4.1.1 Electrical (18)4.1.2 Environmental Specifications (18)4.1.3 Mechanical Specifications (19)4.1.4 Sensor Specifications (19)4.1.5 Material Specifications (20)4.1.6 Safety Specifications (20)4.2 INSTRUMENT COMPATIBILITY (20)5. MAINTENANCE (21)5.1 BATTERY REPLACEMENT (21)5.2 CLEANING (21)5.3 REPAIR AND CALIBRATION (22)5.4 TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE (22)5.5 LIMITED WARRANTY (23)5.5.1 Warranty Repairs (23)1. INTRODUCTIONThank you for purchasing an AEMC® Instruments AmpFlex® Flexible AC Current Probe.For the best results from your instrument and for your safety, you must read the enclosed operating instructions carefully and comply with the precautions for use. Only qualified and trained operators should use this product.Symbols and DefinitionsDefinition of Measurement Categories (CAT)CAT IV:Corresponds to measurements performed at the primary electrical supply (< 1000 V).Example: primary overcurrent protection devices, ripple control units,and meters.CAT III:Corresponds to measurements performed in the building installation at the distribution level.Example: hardwired equipment in fixed installation and circuitbreakers.CAT II:Corresponds to measurements performed on circuits directlyconnected to the electrical distribution system.Example: measurements on household appliances and portable tools.1.1 PRECAUTIONS FOR USEThese safety warnings are provided to ensure the safety of personnel and proper operation of the instrument.■Read the instruction manual completely and follow all the safety information before attempting to use or service this instrument.■Wear protective clothing and gloves as required.■Use caution on any circuit: potentially high voltages and currents may be present and may pose a shock hazard.■Read the safety specifications section prior to using the current probe. Never exceed the max voltage ratings given.■Safety is the responsibility of the operator. The AmpFlex® must be used only by qualified personnel using applicable safety precautions.■ALWAYS de-energize the circuit before wrapping the AmpFlex® around bare conductors, bus bars, or near live parts. Do not wrap on live conductors.■ALWAYS connect the electronic module to the display device before wrapping the AmpFlex® around the sample being tested.■ALWAYS inspect the module, sensor, sensor cable, and output terminals prior to use. Replace any defective parts immediately. Use only factory parts.■NEVER use the AmpFlex® on electrical conductors rated above600 V CAT IV; 1000 V CAT III.1.2 RECEIVING YOUR SHIPMENTUpon receiving your shipment, make sure that the contents are consistent with the packing list. Notify your distributor of any missing items. If the equipment appears to be damaged, file a claim immediately with the carrier and notify your distributor at once, giving a detailed description of any damage.1.3 PACKAGINGYour AmpFlex® shipment consists of the following items:■Flexible probe with electronic module.■User manual.■9 V battery.2. PRODUCT FEATURES2.1 DESCRIPTIONThe AmpFlex® is a flexible AC current transformer composed of a flexible sensor and an electronic module. The flexible sensor permits measurements on conductors where standard clamp-on probes could not be used. In particular, it can be installed in tight spaces, around breaker panels, around cable bundles, around wide or large bus bars, or even wrapped around irregular shapes. The Shape Memory feature enables the user to “pre-shape” the sensor before inserting it between or around conductors. This feature facilitates closing, enhances user safety, and alleviates the drooping effect typically associated with flexible sensors.The AmpFlex® is lightweight and does not use magnetic cores like standard transformers. The transformation principle is based on an air core. It presents virtually no load to the system under test, has a low phase shift, has excellent frequency response, and cannot be damaged by overloads.The sensor assembly is waterproof and insulated for 600 V CAT IV; 1000 V CAT III. The AmpFlex® meets EN 61010-1, is CE marked, and is designed with materials and components to meet international agency standards.The AmpFlex® has an mV output proportional to the current measured fordirect readings on DMMs, data loggers, oscilloscopes, and power or harmonic meters. TRMS measurements are taken when connected to a TRMS meter.The AmpFlex® is insensitive to DC currents and only the AC component of the measured signal is measured.The length of the flexible sensor can be selected in lengthsof 24 in, 36 in, and 48 in lengths. Consult the factory for custom lengths, ranges and/or features.2.2 AMPFLEX®Figure 11.Positive: Red Banana Plug (+).mon: Black Banana Plug (-).3.Power ON Indicator (Green LED).4.Overload Indicator (Red LED).5.Range Selection Switch.6.AmpFlex® Connector/Latch.7.Flexible Sensor (Diameter 0.5 in, 12.5 mm).8.Lead from Sensor to Module (6.5 ft, 2 m).9.Electronic Module - Descriptive Label on Back Case (range, model, etc.)2.3 FEATURES■Models to measure from 0.5 A rms to 30,000 A rms.■Accuracy: 1 % of reading.■TRMS measurements when connected to a TRMS instrument.■No core saturation or damage if overloaded.■Overrange LED for measurement circuitry.■600 V CAT IV; 1000V CAT III; EN 61010; CE Mark.■Waterproof sensor.■9 V battery for typical 150 h continuous operation.■Shape Memory for custom pre-shaping of sensor before use (no drooping).■Very high frequency response.■Low phase shift for power.■Insensitive to DC, measures only AC component on DC + AC signals.■Excellent linearity.■Lightweight.2.4 ACCESSORIESBanana (Female) / BNC (Male) Adapter ........................................Cat. # 2118.46 For connection of the AmpFlex® to SLII Models L101, L102, L562,BNC terminals on scopes and other displaying instruments.2.5 STANDARD MODELSAll AmpFlex® models are designed to be used with recorders or power analyzers with a voltage AC input. A scale factor may need to be entered into the recorder to display the exact value.Custom lengths and ranges are available.Contact us: ************************3. OPERATIONPlease ensure that you have already read and fully understand the Precautions for Use section on page 6.3.1 MAKING MEASUREMENTS WITH THE AMPFLEX®■Connect the electronic module to the AC Volt range of your Digital Multi-Meter (DMM)or measuring instrument. Select the appropriate module output voltage range. If the current magnitude is unknown, and if AmpFlex® has two ranges, select the lowest mV/A output setting.■Wrap the flexible core around the conductor to be tested. If possible within range, select the higher mV/A AmpFlex® output range to obtain the best resolution. Do not exceed specified current range for the output. Do not use on selected range if overload LED goes on.■Read the displayed value on the DMM and divide it by the range selected (i.e. if reading = 2.59 V with the 10 mV/A output range, the current flowing through the probe is 2590 mV ÷ 10 = 259 A).■For best accuracy, carefully center the conductor inside the flexible core, and avoid if possible, the proximity of other conductors which may create noise and interference (particularly near the latch).■True RMS measurements are obtained when the AmpFlex® is connected to a True RMS meter. Note that the DC component is not measured.3.2 TIPS FOR MAKING PRECISE MEASUREMENTS■When using the AmpFlex® with a meter, it is important to select the range that provides the best resolution. Failure to do this may result in measurement errors.■For best results, select the highest AmpFlex® output signal possible and the most sensitive meter range for this output.■Make sure the DMM or measuring instrument can accurately measuremV AC. Certain inexpensive DMM have poor resolution and accuracy when measuring low mV AC.■For best accuracy, center the AmpFlex® around the conductor to be measured (see figure 2).■To increase sensitivity or measure on low currents, the AmpFlex® may be wrapped several times around the conductor. Divide your reading by the number of turns for the actual measurement (see Figure 4).■The overall measurement accuracy is the sum of the AmpFlex® accuracy and the displaying instrument accuracy.For best accuracy, center the AmpFlex®Figure 2■The AmpFlex® may be doubled around the conductor to be measured to double the output (see Figures 3 and 4 to show the different values on a DMM while measuring 250 A ac).One turn around a conductor carrying 250 A ACFigure 3Double the turns to double the output in low-current applications or for higher sensitivity.Figure 43.3 TYPICAL RESPONSE CURVES1 Hz10 Hz100 Hz 1000 Hz 10 kHz 100 kHzTypical Accuracy % vs. Frequency @ 100 A, 1 mV/A OutputFrequency1 Hz10 Hz100 Hz1000 Hz10 kHz 100 kHzTypical Accuracy % vs. Frequency @ 100 A, 10 mV/AFrequency%± 10± 9± 8± 7± 6± 5± 4± 3± 2± 1± 0Typical Accuracy % per Range to 100 AAmps3000 A 2500 A 2000 A1500 A 1000 A 500 A 0 A1000 Hz10 kHz100 kHzCurrent Derating Curve (I < 3000 A)FrequencyA m p s100 Hz1000 Hz10 kHz 100 kHzCurrent Derating Curve (I > 3000 A)FrequencyA m p s1 Hz10 Hz100 Hz1000 Hz10 kHz100 kHzTypical Phase Shift vs. Frequency @ 200 A, 1 mV/A OutputFrequencyD e g r e e s4. SPECIFICATIONS*Reference Conditions: 25 °C ± 5 °K, (20 to 75) % RH, 1 minute warm-up, battery at 9 V ± 0.5 V, conductor center, external DC magnetic field < 40 A/m, no external AC magnetic field, no external electrical field, (10 to 100) Hz, sine wave. See accuracy curves for low currents.4.1 COMMON SPECIFICATION4.1.1 ElectricalAccuracy: 1 % of reading ± residual noise.Frequency Range: (10 to 20,000) Hz with current derating.Signal Output: 4.5 V max.Working Voltage: 600 V CAT IV; 1000 V CAT III.Frequency Influence:See Accuracy vs. Frequency curves on pages 15 and 16.Frequency Limitation:See current derating curves (NOTE: no limitation on 300 A Range) page 16. Influence of adjacent conductor in contact with sensor and with AC signal: 0.2 % typical, 2 % maximum.Influence of conductor position in sensor: 0.5 % typical, 4 % max. Influence of shape of sensor: Oblong shape: 0.2 % typical, 1 % max. Common Mode Rejection: 100 dB typical, 80 dB min.4.1.2 Environmental SpecificationsOperating Temperature Range: (-14 to 131) °F (-10 to +55) °C.Storage Temperature Range: (-40 to 158) °F (-40 to +70) °C.Influence of Temperature:Sensor: (14 to 194) °F (-10 to 90) °C; 0.15 % per 18 °F (10 °C)typical, 0.5 % per 18 °F 10 °C max.Module: (14 to 131) °F (-10 to 55) °C; 0.15 % per 18 °F (10 °C)typical, 0.5 % per 18 °F (10 °C) max.Influence of Relative Humidity:(10 to 90) % RH: 0.2 % typical, 0.5 % maximum.Operating Relative Humidity:(50 to 86) °F (10 to 30) °C; 85 ° ± 5 % RH (without condensation).(104 to 122) °F (40 to 50) °C; 45 ° ± 5 % RH (without condensation). Altitude:Operating: (0 to 2000) m, working voltage derating above.Non-operating: (0 to 12,000) m.4.1.3 Mechanical SpecificationsModule Output:Two 4 mm safety banana jacks.Standard 3/4 in (19 mm) spacing.Battery: 9 V Alkaline (NEDA 1604A, IEC 6LR61) recommended.Battery Life: Useable from (9 to 7) V, 150 h typical (continuous use).Low Battery:Power ON indicator (green LED) when battery voltage 7 V, LED blinks when battery voltage is low.Overload Indication:Red LED ON indicates the selected range is overloaded. Module output may not reflect the actual measurement.Dimensions (sensor):24 in, 36 in, and 48 in nominal (± 1 in), other lengths optional.Dimensions (Electronic Module): (4.9 x 2.5 x 1.1) in (124 x 64 x 28) mm. Weight:AmpFlex® 24 in with battery: 0.74 lb.AmpFlex® 36 in with battery: 0.89 lb.AmpFlex® 48 in with battery: 0.95 lb.Connection Cable Length (sensor to module): 6.5 ft (2 m).Colors:Red sensor with dark gray connector and module, black connection cable (sensor to module).Drop Test: Per IEC 68-2-32.Vibration: Per IEC 68-2-6.Mechanical Shock: Per IEC 68-2-27.Weatherproofing: Module: IP40 (EN 60529).4.1.4 Sensor SpecificationsWeight: 10.8 oz (302.4 g).Bend Radius: 0.75 in (19 mm) minimum.Bending Life: > 10,000 without performance deterioration. Waterproofing: IP 65.Resistance to Chemicals: Resistant to oils and aliphatic hydrocarbons.Diameter: 12 mm ± 0.5 mm.Outer Sheath Material: Polyurethane, UL94V0.Dielectric Strength: 7500 V.Latch Spring Life: > 10,000 maneuvers.4.1.5 Material SpecificationsModule: UL 94V2, Color dark gray, Polycarbonate.Sensor Latch: Material: Lexan 500R, UL94V0.Cable Assembly to Sensor: UL94V0, 1000V rating.4.1.6 Saf ety SpecificationsElectrical:Double insulation or reinforced insulation between primary or secondary and outer case per EN 61010.■600 V CAT IV; 1000 V CAT III.Pollution Degree 2.■7.50 kV, 50/60 Hz, dielectric between secondary and the outer case. Electromagnetic Compatibility:■Immunity: meets BF EN 61326-1 – Industrial environment category.Electrostatic discharge (meets EN 61000-4-2).-8 kV in air – level 3 – class B.- 4 kV on contact – level 2 – class B.10 V/m radiated electromagnetic field (in line with EN 61000-4-3) – class B.Rapid transients (in line with EN 61000-4-4).- 1 kV – level 2 – class B.Electric shocks (in line with EN 61000-4-5).- 6 kV – class B.4.2 INSTRUMENT COMPATIBILITYThe AmpFlex® is compatible with any multimeter, AC voltmeter, or other voltage measuring instrument with an input impedance greater than 1 MΩ. To achieve the best overall accuracy, use the AmpFlex® with an AC voltmeter with an accuracy of 0.75 % or better.5. MAINTENANCEWarning■For maintenance use only specified replacement parts.■To avoid electrical shock, do not attempt to perform any repair or servie on the instrument unless you are qualified to do so.■Do not perform any service while the AmpFlex® is on any circuit.■To avoid electrical shock and/or damage to the instrument, do not get water or other foreign agents into the electronic module.■Also see warning on page 2.5.1 BATTERY REPLACEMENT■If the power ON indicator (green LED) blinks or does not light up, replace the battery.■Remove the AmpFlex® from any circuit before replacing the battery.■To replace the battery, open rear case, replace battery, and reassemble. The green LED should go on when the module is turned on.5.2 CLEANING■It is important to keep the probe sensor latch mating surfaces clean and prevent foreign bodies from hampering the closing. The sensor may be gently cleaned with a soft cloth, soap and water. Dry immediately after cleaning. Avoid water penetration into the electronic module.■Make sure the sensor, electronic module, and all leads are dry before any further use.5.3 REPAIR AND CALIBRATIONTo ensure that your instrument meets factory specifications, we recommend that the instrument be sent back to our factory Service Center at one-year intervals for recalibration or as required by other standards or internal procedures.For instrument repair and calibration:You must contact our Service Center for a Customer Service Authorization Number (CSA#). Send an email to *************** requesting a CSA#,you will be provided a CSA Form and other required paperwork along with the next steps to complete the request. Then return the instrument along with the signed CSA Form. This will ensure that when your instrument arrives, it will be tracked and processed promptly. Please write the CSA# on the outside of the shipping container. If the instrument is returned for calibration, we need to know if you want a standard calibration or a calibration traceable to N.I.S.T. (includes calibration certificate plus recorded calibration data).Ship To: Chauvin Arnoux®, Inc. d.b.a. AEMC® Instruments15 Faraday Drive ▪ Dover, NH 03820 USAPhone: (800) 945-2362 (Ext. 360) / (603) 749-6434 (Ext. 360)Fax: (603) 742-2346***************E-mail:(Or contact your authorized distributor.)Contact us for the costs for repair, standard calibration, and calibration traceable to N.I.S.T.NOTE: You must obtain a CSA# before returning any instrument.5.4 TECHNICAL ASSISTANCEIf you are experiencing any technical problems or require any assistance with the proper operation or application of your instrument, please call, e-mail or fax our technical support team:Chauvin Arnoux®, Inc. d.b.a. AEMC® InstrumentsPhone: (800) 343-1391 (Ext. 351)Fax: (603) 742-2346E-mail: ********************5.5 LIMITED WARRANTYThe instrument is warrantied to the owner for a period of two years from the date of original purchase against defects in manufacture. This limited warranty is given by AEMC® Instruments, not by the distributor from whom it was purchased. This warranty is void if the unit has been tampered with, abused, or if the defect is related to service not performed by AEMC® Instruments.Full warranty coverage and product registration is available on our website at /warranty.html.Please print the online Warranty Coverage Information for your records.What AEMC® Instruments will do:If a malfunction occurs within the warranty period, you may return the instrument to us for repair, provided we have your warranty registration information on file or a proof of purchase. AEMC® Instruments will repair or replace the faulty material at our discretion.REGISTER ONLINE AT: /warranty.html5.5.1 Warranty RepairsWhat you must do to return an Instrument for Warranty Repair: First, send an email to *************** requesting a Customer Service Authorization Number (CSA#) from our Service Department. You will be provided a CSA Form and other required paperwork along with the next steps to complete the request. Then return the instrument along with the signed CSA Form. Please write the CSA# on the outside of the shipping container. Return the instrument, postage or shipment pre-paid to:Chauvin Arnoux®, Inc. d.b.a. AEMC® Instruments15 Faraday Drive, Dover, NH 03820 USAPhone: (800) 945-2362 (Ext. 360)(603) 749-6434 (Ext. 360)Fax: (603) 742-2346***************E-mail:Caution: To protect yourself against in-transit loss, we recommend that you insure your returned material.NOTE: You must obtain a CSA# before returning any instrument.AEMC ® Instruments15 Faraday Drive • Dover, NH 03820 USAPhone: +1 (603) 749-6434 • +1 (800) 343-1391 • Fax: +1 (603) 742-234609/2399-MAN 100122 v27。
Innovative GPSsolutions for costoptimalisationGeneral DescriptionThe ACTivE GPS AGPS50A Series withembedded GPS antenna enables highperformance navigation and solid fix even forthe most stringent applications in harsh GPSvisibility environments.It is based on the high performancefeatures of the MediaTek 3329 single-chiparchitecture, Its –165dBm tracking sensitivityextends positioning coverage into place likeurban canyons and dense foliageenvironment where the GPS usage was notpossible before. Water-proof design, easiestand convenient connector allow to add GPSfunctionality to other electronic equipment.Applications•LBS (Location Based Service)•Vehicle navigation system•PND (Portable Navigation Device)•Timing applicationFeatures•Ultra high sensitivity: -165dBm•22 tracking/66 acquisition-channel receiver•WAAS/EGNOS/MSAS/GAGAN support•NMEA protocols (default speed: 9600bps)•Internal back-up battery•One serial port•Embedded patch antenna•Industrial temperature range•RoHS compliant•Tiny form factorPin Assignment1.RX2. TX3. GND4. 3.3VAGPS50A Series Top ViewPerformance SpecificationParameter SpecificationGPS receiverReceiver Type L1 frequency band, C/A code, 22 Tracking / 66 Acquisition-ChannelSensitivity TrackingAcquisition-165dBm-148dBmAccuracy PositionVelocityTiming (PPS)3.0m CEP50 without SA(Typical Open Sky)0.1m/s without SA60ns RMSAcquisition Time Cold StartWarm StartHot StartRe-Acquisition36s33s1s<1sPower Consumption TrackingAcquisitionSleep/Standby<******************TBDNavigation Data Update Rate 1HzOperational Limits AltitudeVelocityAccelerationMax 18,000mMax 515m/sLess than 4gAntenna SpecificationsOutline Dimension 25 x 25 x 4.0 mmCenter Frequency 1575 ± 3 MHzBandwidth 10 MHz minImpedance 50 ΩAxial Ratio 3 dB maxPolarization RHCPMechanical requirementsDimension 25 x 25 x 4.0 mmWeight 50gPower consumptionVCC 5V ±5%Current 45mA(typical)EnvironmentOperating temperature 40 ~ +85 o C (w/o backup battery) Storage temperature 40 ~ +125 o CHumidity ≤95%Hardware Interfaces ConfigurationPower Supply: Regulated power for the SKM50 series is required. The input voltage Vcc should be 3.3V, current is no less than 45mA. Suitable decoupling must be provided by external decoupling circuitry(10uF and 1uF). It can reduce the Noise from power supply and increase power stability.UART Ports:The SKM50 series supports one full duplex serial channels UART. The serial connections are at 2.85V LVTTL logic levels, if need different voltage levels, use appropriate level shifters. the data format is however fixed: X, N, 8, 1, i.e. X baud rate, no parity, eight data bits and one stop bit, no other data formats are supported, LSB is sent first. The modules default baud rate is set up 9600bps. The RX & TX recommended to pull up (10KΩ). It can increase the stability of serial data.Pin No. Pin name I/O Description RemarkUART Port1 RX I TTL:VOH≥0.75 *VCC VOL≤0.25VCC UART Serial Data Input2 TX O TTL:VIH≥0.7 *VCC VIL≤0.3 *VCC UART Serial Data Output3 GND G Power Ground Reference Ground4 VCC P Power Supply VCC:3.3V±10%Software ProtocolNMEA 0183 ProtocolThe NMEA protocol is an ASCII-based protocol, Records start with a $ and with carriage return/line feed. GPS specific messages all start with $GPxxx where xxx is a three-letter identifier of the message data that follows. NMEA messages have a checksum, which allows detection of corrupted data transfers.The ACTivE GPS AGPS50A supports the following NMEA-0183 messages: GGA, GLL, GSA, GSV, RMC VTG, ZDA. The module default NMEA-0183 output is set up GGA, GSA, RMC, GSV, and default baud rate is set up 9600bps.Table 1: NMEA-0183 Output MessagesNMEA Record Description DefaultGGA Global positioning system fixed data YGLL Geographic position—latitude/longitude NGSA GNSS DOP and active satellites YGSV GNSS satellites in view YRMC Recommended minimum specific GNSSYdataVTG Course over ground and ground speed NZDA Date and Time NGGA-Global Positioning System Fixed DataThis sentence contains the position, time and quality of the navigation fix.See RMC for Fix Status, Fix Mode, Fix Date, Speed, and True Course.See GSA for Fix Type, PDOP, and VDOP.$GPGGA,021514.000,2232.1799,N,11401.1823,E,1,6,1.25,84.0,M,-2.2,M,,*74Table 2: GGA Data FormatName Example Units DescriptionMessage ID $GPGGA GGA protocol headerUTC Position 021514.000 hhmmss.sssLatitude 2232.1799 ddmm.mmmmN/S indicator N N=north or S=southLongitude 11401.1823 dddmm.mmmmE/W Indicator E E=east or W=westPosition Fix Indicator 1 See Table 2-1Satellites Used 6 Range 0 to 12HDOP 1.25 Horizontal Dilution of PrecisionMSL Altitude 84.0 meters Altitude (referenced to the Ellipsoid) AltUnit M meters Altitude UnitGeoSep -2.2 meters Geoidal SeparationGeoSepUnit M meters Geoidal Separation UnitAge of Diff.Corr. <Null> second Null fields when it is not UsedDiff.Ref.Station ID <Null> Null fields when it is not UsedChecksum *74EOL <CR> <LF> End of message terminationTable 2-1: Position Fix IndicatorsValue Description0 Fix not available or invalid1 GPS SPS Mode, fix valid2 Differential GPS, SPS Mode, fix validGLL-Geographic Position – Latitude/LongitudeThis sentence contains the fix latitude and longitude.$GPGLL,2232.1799,N,11401.1824,E,021513.000,A,A*50Table 3: GLL Data FormatName Example Units DescriptionMessage ID $GPGLL GLL protocol headerLatitude 2232.1799 ddmm.mmmmN/S Indicator N N=north or S=southLongitude 11401.1824 dddmm.mmmmE/W Indicator E E=east or W=westUTC Position 021513.000 hhmmss.sssFix Status A A=data valid or V=data not validFix Mode A A=autonomous, N = No fix, D=DGPS, E=DR Checksum *50EOL <CR> <LF> End of message teminationGSA-GNSS DOP and Active SatellitesThis sentence contains the mode of operation, type of fix, PRNs of the satellites used in the solutionas well as PDOP, HDOP and VDOP.$GPGSA,A,3,26,05,18,15,27,29,,,,,,,1.52,1.25,0.87*0FTable 4: GSA Data FormatName Example Units DescriptionMessage $GPGSA GSA protocol headerMode 1 A See Table 4-2Mode 2 3 See Table 4-1ID of satellite used 26 Sv on Channel 1ID of satellite used 05 Sv on Channel 2… … …ID of satellite used <Null> Sv on Channel 12 (Null fields when it is notUsed)PDOP 1.52 Position Dilution of PrecisionHDOP 1.25 Horizontal Dilution of PrecisionVDOP 0.87 Vertical Dilution of PrecisionChecksum *0FEOL <CR> <LF> End of message terminationTable 4-1: Mode 1Value Description1 Fix not available2 2D Fix3 3D FixTable 4-2: Mode 2Value DescriptionM Manual-forced to operate in 2D or 3D modeA Automatic-allowed to automatically switch 2D/3DGSV-GNSS Satellites in ViewThis sentence contains the PRNs, azimuth, elevation, and signal strength of all satellites in view. $GPGSV,3,1,12,15,79,333,42,42,50,127,,29,45,263,44,02,36,124,30*7E$GPGSV,3,2,12,26,36,226,34,05,35,046,22,27,33,161,29,21,16,319,*7D$GPGSV,3,3,12,10,15,066,31,18,14,285,45,24,12,319,15,08,09,047,18*7ETable 5: GGA Data FormatName Example Units DescriptionMessage ID $GPGSV GSV protocol headerNumber of Message 3 Total number of GSV sentences (Range 1 to 3)Message Number 1 Sentence number of the total (Range 1 to 3)Satellites in View 12 Number of satellites in viewSatellite ID 15 Channel 1(Range 01 to 32)Elevation 79 degrees Channel 1(Range 00 to 90)Azinmuth 333 degrees Channel 1(Range 000 to 359)SNR(C/NO) 42 dB-Hz Channel 1(Range 00 to 99, null when not tracking) … …Satellite ID 02 Channel 4(Range 01 to 32)Elevation 36 degrees Channel 4(Range 00 to 90)Azimuth 124 degrees Channel 4(Range 000 to 359)SNR(C/NO) 30 dB-Hz Channel 4(Range 00 to 99, null when not tracking) Checksum *7EEOL <CR> <LF> End of message terminationDepending on the number of satellites tracked multiple messages of GSV data may be required. RMC-Recommended Minimum Specific GNSS DataThis sentence contains the recommended minimum fix information.See GGA for Fix Quality, Sats Used, HDOP, Altitude, Geoidal Separation, and DGPS data.See GSA for Fix Type, PDOP and VDOP.$GPRMC,023345.000,A,2232.1767,N,11401.1953,E,0.18,151.55,100410,,,A*6BTable 6: RMC Data FormatName Example Units DescriptionMessage ID $GPRMC RMC protocol headerUTS Position 023345.000 hhmmss.sssStatus A A=data valid or V=data not validLatitude 2232.1767 ddmm.mmmmN/S Indicator N N=north or S=southLongitude 11401.1953 dddmm.mmmmE/W Indicator E E=east or W=westSpeed Over Ground 0.18 KnotsCourse Over Ground 151.55 Degrees True CourseDate(UTC) 100410 ddmmyyMagnetic variation <Null> Degrees Null fields when it is not UsedMagnetic Variation Direction <Null> E=east or W=west (Null fields when it is notUsed)Fix Mode A A=autonomous, N = No fix, D=DGPS, E=DR Checksum *6BEOL <CR> <LF> End of message terminationVTG-Course Over Ground and Ground SpeedThis sentence contains the course and speed of the navigation solution. $GPVTG,148.81,T,,M,0.13,N,0.24,K,A*3DTable 7: VTG Data FormatName Example Units DescriptionMessage ID $GPVTG VTG protocol header Tcourse 148.81 Degrees True CourseReference T T = TrueMcourse <Null> Degrees Magnetic Course (Null fields when it is not Used)Reference M M = Magnetic (Null fields when it is not Used)Speed over ground 0.13 Knots Nautical Miles per HourUnits N KnotsSpeed over ground 0.24 Km/hr in Kilometers per HourUnits K Kilometer per hourMode A A=Autonomous, N=No fix, D=DGPS, E=DR Checksum *3DEOL <CR> <LF> End of message terminationZDA-Date and TimeThis sentence contains UTC date & time, and local time zone offset information. $GPZDA,023345.000,10,04,2010,,*50Table 8: ZDA Data FormatName Example Units DescriptionMessage ID $GPZDA ZDA protocol headerUTC Time 023345.000 hhmmss.sssDay 10 UTC time: day (01 ... 31) ddMonth 04 UTC time: month (01 ... 12) mmYear 2010 UTC time: year (4 digit year) yyyylocal zone hours <null> Local Time Zone Offset Hours (Null fields when it is not Used)local zone minutes <null> Local Time Zone Offset Minutes (Null fields when it is not Used)Checksum *50EOL <CR> <LF> End of message termination ACTE Sp. z o.o. reserves the right to specification changes without notice。
CAUTION: This quick reference guide is only a summary of the EU-ME2, EU-ME2 Premier Plus Instructions for Use. For detailed operating instructions, be sure to followthe EU-ME2, EU-ME2 Premier Plus Instruction Manual included with your EU-ME2 or EU-ME2 Premier Plus purchase.EU-ME2, EU-ME2 Premier PlusQuick Reference Guide - FLOW Mode1 P ress the FLOW key on the keyboard.* The LCD touch panel automatically switches from MAIN MENU to FLOW MAIN .2S imultaneously, the ultrasound image on the monitor switches to the FLOW mode. Ensure that the ROI with colorappears on the image.3S elect a FLOW mode: COLOR , POWER , or H-FLOW .COLOR FLOWPOWER FLOWH-FLOWFLOW MAINT ouch Panel: MAIN MENUGray scale Color scale(Value: velocity range)CAUTION: This quick reference guide is only a summary of the EU-ME2, EU-ME2 Premier Plus Instructions for Use. For detailed operating instructions, be sure to followthe EU-ME2, EU-ME2 Premier Plus Instruction Manual included with your EU-ME2 or EU-ME2 Premier Plus purchase.4 S elect the LOCATION button and adjust the ROI position. The ROI can be moved by using the ROI buttons or the trackball .5S elect the SIZE button and adjust the ROI size. The ROI size can be adjusted by using the ROI buttons or the trackball .6U se the FLOWkey to exit the FLOW mode.ROIROITrackballTrackballROI ButtonsCAUTION: This quick reference guide is only a summary of the EU-ME2, EU-ME2 Premier Plus Instructions for Use. For detailed operating instructions, be sure to followthe EU-ME2, EU-ME2 Premier Plus Instruction Manual included with your EU-ME2 or EU-ME2 Premier Plus purchase.Display (Single/Dual)1P ress the DISPLAY button to switch between single-screen display and dual-screen display.1Detect blood flow in B mode or FLOW mode.SINGLEDUALFLOW ModeSwitchB Mode and FLOW Mode1P ress the FLOW GAIN buttons to adjust the sensitivity of the flow signal in the FLOW mode.* Flow gain can be adjusted in 32 steps.FLOW GAIN buttonsCAUTION: This quick reference guide is only a summary of the EU-ME2, EU-ME2 Premier Plus Instructions for Use. For detailed operating instructions, be sure to followthe EU-ME2, EU-ME2 Premier Plus Instruction Manual included with your EU-ME2 or EU-ME2 Premier Plus purchase.3T he PW CURSOR (two short lines) is shown at the center of the left image. Move the PW CURSOR to the blood flowusing the trackball .4P ress the PW STARTbutton and the Pulse Wave Doppler Waveform starts.PW CURSORPW START ButtonPulse WaveDoppler Waveform2P ress the PW key on the keyboard. Simultaneously, the image switches to the PW mode.* The LCD touch panel automatically switches from MAIN MENU to PW MAIN .CAUTION: This quick reference guide is only a summary of the EU-ME2, EU-ME2 Premier Plus Instructions for Use. For detailed operating instructions, be sure to followthe EU-ME2, EU-ME2 Premier Plus Instruction Manual included with your EU-ME2 or EU-ME2 Premier Plus purchase.Sample Volume1T he SAMPLE VOLUME button designates the width of the blood flow from which Pulse Wave Doppler is acquired. Makesure the cross-sectional surface is positioned between the two lines. Press the SAMPLE VOLUME button to adjust the width of the two lines. The width can be adjusted with the trackball or ARROWkeys.1T he volume of Pulse Wave Doppler Waveforms can be adjusted. Select the PW ADJUST tab and adjust the volume usingthe VOLUME buttons. Pulse Wave Doppler sound can be output from the bottom of the EU-ME2. The adjusted volume setting is saved and recalled the next time the EU-ME2 is used.CAUTION: This quick reference guide is only a summary of the EU-ME2, EU-ME2 Premier Plus Instructions for Use. For detailed operating instructions, be sure to followthe EU-ME2, EU-ME2 Premier Plus Instruction Manual included with your EU-ME2 or EU-ME2 Premier Plus purchase.1A djusting the Base Line position up or down using the BASELINE button corrects the views of Pulse Wave DopplerWaveforms by avoiding imbalanced views. The BASELINE button, on the LCD touch panel, is highlighted during Base Lineadjustment. Touching the button again returns to the original display.Olympus is a registered trademark of Olympus Corporation, Olympus America Inc., and/or their affiliates.。
安全技术说明书页: 1/13 巴斯夫安全技术说明书按照GB/T 16483编制日期 / 本次修订: 12.12.2022版本: 2.2日期/上次修订: 23.02.2022上次版本: 2.1日期 / 首次编制: 27.04.2017产品: 1,6-二异氰酸根合己烷的均聚物(巴速耐® HB 275 B CN)Product: Basonat® HB 275 B CN(30662007/SDS_GEN_CN/ZH)印刷日期 31.08.20231. 化学品及企业标识1,6-二异氰酸根合己烷的均聚物(巴速耐®HB 275 B CN)Basonat® HB 275 B CN推荐用途和限制用途: 工业和职业用涂料或胶粘剂硬化剂公司:巴斯夫(中国)有限公司中国上海浦东江心沙路300号邮政编码 200137电话: +86 21 20391000传真号: +86 21 20394800E-mail地址: **********************紧急联络信息:巴斯夫紧急热线中心(中国)+86 21 5861-1199巴斯夫紧急热线中心(国际):电话: +49 180 2273-112Company:BASF (China) Co., Ltd.300 Jiang Xin Sha RoadPu Dong Shanghai 200137, CHINA Telephone: +86 21 20391000Telefax number: +86 21 20394800E-mail address: ********************** Emergency information:Emergency Call Center (China):+86 21 5861-1199International emergency number: Telephone: +49 180 2273-1122. 危险性概述纯物质和混合物的分类:易燃液体: 分类3急性毒性: 分类4 (吸入-薄雾)巴斯夫安全技术说明书日期 / 本次修订: 12.12.2022版本: 2.2产品: 1,6-二异氰酸根合己烷的均聚物(巴速耐® HB 275 B CN)Product: Basonat® HB 275 B CN(30662007/SDS_GEN_CN/ZH)印刷日期 31.08.2023皮肤致敏物: 分类1特异性靶器官毒性-一次接触: 分类3 (蒸汽可能会导致嗜睡及眩晕.)特异性靶器官毒性-一次接触: 分类3 (对呼吸道系统有刺激性)对水环境的急性危害: 分类3标签要素和警示性说明:图形符号:警示词:警告危险性说明:H226易燃液体和蒸气。
目录1.概述 (1)1.1 主要特点 (1)1.2 对接入设备的要求 (2)1.3 引用标准 (2)2.系统组成 (3)3.CEP226主时钟 (5)3.1 主时钟工作原理 (5)3.2 主时钟模块简介 (6)3.2.1 电源模块 (6)3.2.2 主机接收模块 (6)3.2.3 脉冲输出模块 (7)3.2.4 IRIG-B码输出模块 (7)3.2.5 串口输出模块 (9)3.2.6 网络输出模块 (10)3.3 主时钟技术参数 (13)3.4 主时钟结构 (15)3.4.1 结构说明 (15)3.4.2 前、后面板示意图 (15)4.CEP226F时标扩展装置 (16)4.1 时标扩展装置工作原理 (16)4.2 时标扩展装置模块介绍 (17)4.2.1 电源模块 (17)4.2.2 接收模块 (17)4.2.3 输出模块 (17)4.3 时标扩展装置技术参数 (17)4.4 时标扩展装置结构 (18)4.4.1 结构说明 (18)4.4.2 前、后面板示意图 (19)5.安装与应用 (19)5.1 外形尺寸 (19)5.2 天线安装 (20)附录1 典型工程方案介绍 (21)附录2 主要模块一览表 (26)1.概述在电力系统运行过程中,电网运行状态瞬息万变,而电网调度则实行分层多级管理,调度管理中心远离现场,因此在全网范围内自动化装置的实时时钟必须要有一个统一的时钟。
另外,对于提高电能质量、电网调度操作、事故分析(特别是复杂事故分析)、实现电网运行工况的同步采样、提高高级应用软件计算的准确性等都具有十分重要的意义。
今后随着电力市场的建立,电能量分时计费的推行,时钟同步的重要性将在经济上更加突出。
但现在电力系统中设备大多采用不同厂家的自动化及微机保护设备,各设备采用各自独立的时钟,而各种时钟都有一定的偏差,这样在事故分析中,失去了时间基准,无法分析各开关动作的先后顺序,给故障分析带来了困难,且变电站往往有不同的装置需要接收时钟同步信号,其接口类型繁多,如RS-232C/422/485串行口、脉冲、IRIG-B接口等;装置的数量也不等,所以在实际应用中常感到卫星同步时钟装置的某些类型接口数量不够或缺少某种类型的接口,其结果就是该变电站中有些装置不能实现时钟同步,或者需要再增加一台甚至数台卫星同步时钟装置,而这往往受到资金不足或没有安装位置等限制。
上海仪电科学仪器股份有限公司产品说明书友情提示●请在使用本仪器前,详细阅读本说明书。
●仪器超过一年必须送计量部门或有资格的单位复检,合格后方可使用。
●pH玻璃电极的保质期为一年,出厂一年以后,不管是否使用,其性能都会受到影响,应及时更换。
●第一次使用的pH电极或长期停用的pH电极,在使用前必须在3mol/L氯化钾溶液中浸泡24h。
●不使用时,建议将电极存放在填充溶液中。
对可充电极,将加液塞塞上。
●长期不使用时,将电极放回盒体内室温保存。
上海仪电科学仪器股份有限公司产品说明书目录1PXSJ-226型离子计安装......................................................1.1开箱.............................................................................1.2PXSJ-226型离子计安装 (2)PXSJ-226型离子计操作指南.............................................2.1简介.................................................................................2.1.1术语解释...............................................................2.1.2PXSJ-226型离子计的特点..............................2.1.3PXSJ-226型离子计的主要技术性能.............2.1.4PXSJ-226型离子计图示.....................................2.1.5使用离子计的方法...........................................2.2操作基本知识................................................................2.2.1开机...................................................................2.2.2功能设置...........................................................2.2.3pH 值测量..........................................................2.2.4设置标液组........................................................2.2.5电极标定..........................................................2.2.6测量方法..........................................................2.2.7pX 测量..............................................................2.2.8离子浓度测量......................................................2.2.9数据处理..........................................................2.2.10关闭PXSJ-226型离子计.. (2)2288881012131415172426283232365057PXSJ-226型离子计使用说明书3PXSJ-226型离子计仪器维护.........................................3.1仪器的维护.....................................................................3.2电极的清洗和贮存............................................................3.2.1电极的清洗.........................................................3.2.2电极的贮存..........................................................4PXSJ-226型离子计的附件信息.. (5)附录.....................................................................................附录1:术语解释...............................................................附录2:0~60℃的理论级差值2.3RT/nF,一阶离子n=1,二阶离子n=2..........................................................附录3:六种标准缓冲液0~60℃pH 值..............................附录4:一些主要离子选择性电极与饱和甘汞电极联用时的零电位pX 值..................................................附录5:氟离子标准溶液的配制.......................................附录6:钙离子标准溶液的配制及标定...........................附录7:本系列产品订购信息 (58)58595959606161616263646566上海仪电科学仪器股份有限公司产品说明书1PXSJ-226型离子计安装1.1开箱在PXSJ-226型离子计(套装)装运包装箱中可找到以下部件:1.REX-3型多功能电极支架1只2.PXSJ-226型离子计l台3.PF-1-01型氟电极1支4.232-01型参比电极1支5.T-820-D温度传感器1支6.JB-1A搅拌器1只1.2PXSJ-226型离子计安装打开PXSJ-226型离子计(套装)包装,取出离子计、多功能电极支架、PF-1-01型氟电极、232-01型参比电极、T—820-D温度传感器以及相关附件。
19-226/R6G7C-B02/2TFeatures․Package in 8mm tape on 7〞diameter reel.․Compatible with automatic placement equipment.․Compatible with infrared and vapor phase reflow solder process.․Mono-color type.․Pb-free.․The product itself will remain within RoHS compliant version.․Compliance with EU REACH․Compliance Halogen Free .(Br <900 ppm ,Cl <900 ppm , Br+Cl < 1500 ppm).Description․The 19-226 SMD LED is much smaller than lead frame type components, thus enable smaller board ize, higher packing density, reduced storage space and finally smaller equipment to be obtained.․Besides, lightweight makes them ideal for miniature applications. etc.Applications․Telecommunication: indicator and backlighting in telephone and fax.․Flat backlight for LCD, switch and symbol.․General use.Device Selection GuideChip ChipType MaterialsEmitted Color Resin Color R6 AlGaInP Brilliant Red Water Clear G7 AlGaInP Brilliant Yellow Green Water Clear Absolute Maximum Ratings (Ta=25℃)Parameter Symbol Rating Unit Reverse Voltage V R 5 VForward Current I F R6:25G7:25mAPeak Forward Current (Duty 1/10 @1KHz) I FPR6:60G7:60mAPower Dissipation Pd R6:60G7:60mWOperating Temperature T opr-40 ~ +85 ℃Storage Temperature Tstg -40 ~ +90 ℃Electrostatic Discharge ESD HBM R6:2000G7:2000VSoldering Temperature T sol Reflow Soldering : 260 ℃for 30 sec. Hand Soldering : 350 ℃for 3 sec.Electro-Optical Characteristics (Ta=25℃)Parameter Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit ConditionLuminous Intensity Iv R6:22.5G7:7.2----------57.018.0mcd I F =10mAViewing Angle 2θ1/2----- 120 ----- deg I F =10mAPeak Wavelength λp R6:-----G7:-----632575----------nm I F =10mADominant Wavelength λd R6:616G7:567----------626575nm I F =10mASpectrum Radiation Bandwidth △λR6:-----G7:-----2020----------nm I F =10mAForward Voltage V F R6:1.7G7:1.72.02.02.42.4V I F =10mAReverse Current I R R6:-----G7:---------------1010µA V R =5VNote:1. Tolerance of Luminous Intensity: ±11%Bin Range of Luminous Intensity R6Bin Code Min. Max. Unit Condition 1 22.5 36.0 mcdI F =10mA236.057.0G7Bin Code Min. Max. UnitConditionK 7.20 11.5 mcd I F =10mAL11.518.0Note:Tolerance of Luminous Intensity: ±11%Bin Range of Dominant WavelengthBin Code Min. Max. UnitCondition1 567.0 570.0 nm I F =10mA2 569.0 571.53 570.5 573.5 4572.5575.0Typical Electro-Optical Characteristics Curves R6G7Package Outline DimensionsNote: Tolerances unless mentioned ±0.1mm. Unit = mm Suggested pad dimension is just for reference only. Please modify the pad dimension based on individual need.Moisture Resistant Packing MaterialsLabel Explanation‧CPN: Customer’s Product Number‧P/N: Product Number‧QTY: Packing Quantity‧CAT: Luminous Intensity Rank‧HUE: Chromaticity Coordinates & Dom. Wavelength Rank‧REF: Forward Voltage Rank‧LOT No: Lot NumberReel DimensionsNote: The tolerances unless mentioned is ±0.1mm ,Unit = mmCarrier Tape Dimensions: Loaded quantity 2000 PCS per reelPrecautions For Use1. Over-current-proofCustomer must apply resistors for protection, otherwise slight voltage shift will cause bigcurrent change ( Burn out will happen ).2. Storage2.1 Do not open moisture proof bag before the products are ready to use.2.2 Before opening the package: The LEDs should be kept at 30℃or less and 90%RH or less.2.3 After opening the package: The LED's floor life is 1 year under 30℃or less and 60% RH or less.If unused LEDs remain, it should be stored in moisture proof packages.2.4 If the moisture absorbent material (silica gel) has faded away or the LEDs have exceeded theBaking treatment : 603.3 When soldering, do not put stress on the LEDs during heating.3.4 After soldering, do not warp the circuit board.4.Soldering IronEach terminal is to go to the tip of soldering iron temperature less than 350℃for 3 seconds within once in less than the soldering iron capacity 25W. Leave two seconds and more intervals, and do soldering of each terminal. Be careful because the damage of the product is often started at the time of the hand solder.5.RepairingRepair should not be done after the LEDs have been soldered. When repairing is unavoidable, a double-head soldering iron should be used (as below figure). It should be confirmed beforehand whether the characteristics of the LEDs will or willnot be damaged by repairing.Application RestrictionsHigh reliability applications such as military/aerospace, automotive safety/security systems,and medical equipment may require different product. If you have any concerns, please contact Everlight before using this product in your application. This specification guarantees the quality and performance of the product as an individual component. Do not use this product beyond the specification described in this document.11Rev.5 DISCLAIMER1.EVERLIGHT reserves the right(s) on the adjustment of product material mix for the specification. 2.The product meets EVERLIGHT published specification for a period of twelve (12) months from date of shipment. 3.The graphs shown in this datasheet are representing typical data only and do not show guaranteed values. 4. When using this product, please observe the absolute maximum ratings and the instructions for using outlinedin these specification sheets. EVERLIGHT assumes no responsibility for any damage resulting from the use of the product which does not comply with the absolute maximum ratings and the instructions included in these specification sheets. 5.These specification sheets include materials protected under copyright of EVERLIGHT. Reproduction in any form is prohibited without obtaining EVERLIGHT’s prior consent. 6. This product is not intended to be used for military, aircraft, automotive, medical, life sustaining or life savingapplications or any other application which can result in human injury or death. Please contact authorized Everlight sales agent for special application request.。
Caution: For Laboratory Use. A research reagent for research purposes onlyhuman Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor M3 AequorinCell LineProduct No.: ES-212-ALot No.: 2576Material ProvidedCells: 2 x 1 mL frozen aliquots (ES-212-AV)Format:~2.5 x 106 cells / mL in freezing mediumProduct InformationCellular Background: CHO-K1Cell Line Development:Our proprietary bicistronic expression plasmid containing thesequence coding for the human Muscarinic M3receptor wastransfected in CHO-K1 cells stably expressing the mitochondriallytargeted Aequorin. Geneticin-resistant clones were obtained bylimit dilution and compared for their response to a referenceagonist using the AequoScreen® assay.DNA Sequence: Identical to coding sequence of GenBank NM_000740.2.Corresponding Protein Sequence: Identical to GenBank NP_000731.1.Receptor expression level (B MAX): Estimated to be 0.3 pmol/mg protein, using [3H]N-MethylScopolamine.K D for the above radioligand: 0.02 nMShipping Conditions: Shipped on dry ice. Please ensure dry ice is still present in thepackage upon receipt or contact Customer Support.Storage Conditions: Store in liquid nitrogen (vapor phase)immediately upon receipt.Quality ControlThe EC50 for a reference agonist was determined in an AequoScreen® assay performed on a MicroLumat Plus (Berthold) instrument. A mycoplasma test was performed using MycoAlert® Mycoplasma (Lonza) detection kit. We certify that these results meet our quality release criteria.Acetylcholine (EC50): 72 nMStability: Cells were kept in continuous culture for at least 60 days and showed nodecrease in functional response (EC50, E max).Mycoplasma:This cell line tested negative for mycoplasma.Assay ProceduresWe have shown for many of our GPCR cell lines that freshly thawed cells respond with the same pharmacology as cultured cells. All of our products validated in this way are available as frozen ready-to-use cells in our catalogue. PerkinElmer also offers a custom service for the preparation of large quantities of frozen cryopreserved cells either from a catalogue cell line or a customer’s own cell line. This demonstrates that cells can be prepared and frozen in advance of a screening campaign simplifying assay logistics.Recommended Cell Culture Conditions (CHO-K1)•The recommended media catalogue number and supplier reference information are listed in this Product Technical Data Sheet (last page). Media composition is specifically defined for each cell type and receptor expression selection. The use of incorrect media or component substitutions can lead to reduced cell viability, growth issues and/or altered receptor expression.•Cells undergo major stress upon thawing, and need to adapt to their new environment which may initially affect cell adherence and growth rates. The initial recovery of the cells, and initial doubling time, will vary from laboratory to laboratory, reflecting differences in the origin of culture media and serum, and differences in methodology used within each laboratory.•For the initial period of cell growth (i.e. until cells have reached Log-phase, typically 4-10 days), we strongly recommend removal of the antibiotics (G418, Zeocin™, Puromycin, Blasticidin, Hygromycin, Penicillin and Streptomycin) from the culture media. Immediately after thawing, cells may be more permeable to antibiotics, and a higher intracellular antibiotic concentration may result as a consequence. Antibiotics should be re-introduced when cells have recovered from the thawing stress.Growth Medium: Ham's F-12, 10% FBS, 0.4 mg/mL Geneticin (receptor expressionselection), 0.25 mg/mL Zeocin (Aequorin expression selection). Freezing Medium:Ham's F-12, 10% FBS with 10% DMSO, without selection agents. Thawing Cells:Using appropriate personal protective equipment, rapidly place the frozen aliquot in a 37°C water bath (do not submerge) and agitate until its content is thawed completely. Immediately remove from water bath, spray aliquot with 70% ethanol and wipe excess. Under aseptic conditions using a sterile pipette, transfer content to a sterile centrifuge tube containing 10 mL growth medium without antibiotics, pre-warmed at 37°C, and centrifuge (150 x g, 5 min). Discard supernatant using a sterile pipette. Resuspend cell pellet in 10 mL of pre-warmed growth medium without antibiotics by pipetting up and down to break up any clumps, and transfer to an appropriate culture flask (e.g. T-25, T-75 or T-175, see recommended seeding density below). Cells are cultured as a monolayer at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere with 5% CO2.Recommended Seeding Density: Thawing: 15 000 – 33 000 cells/cm2Log-phase: 11 000 – 15 000 cells/cm2Troubleshooting: Initial doubling time can vary between 18 and 96 hours (Average = 25 hours). If cells are still not adhering after 48 hours or grow very slowly, we recommend maintaining the cells in culture and not replacing the media before 5-6 days (cells secrete factors that can help with adherence and growth). If confluence is still <50% after 5-6 days, it is recommended that you replace the media with fresh media (without antibiotics). Do not passage the cells until they reach 80-90% confluence (Log-phase). If cells have not recovered after 10-12 days, please contact our Technical Support.Culture Protocol: Under aseptic conditions, cells are grown to 80% confluence (Log-phase) and trypsinized (0.05% trypsin / 0.5 mM EDTA in calcium and magnesium-free PBS). See recommended seeding density for Log-phase above.Banking Protocol: Cells are grown to 70-80% confluence (Log-phase). Under aseptic conditions, remove medium and rinse the flask with an appropriate volume of calcium and magnesium-free PBS (example 10 mL for T-175). Trypsinize (0.05% trypsin / 0.5 mM EDTA in calcium and magnesium-free PBS) to detach cells (example 5 mL for T-175), let stand 5-10 min at 37°C. Add fresh, room temperature growth medium (without antibiotics) to stop trypsinization and dilute EDTA (example 10 mL for T-175). Transfer cells to a sterile centrifuge tube and centrifuge (150 x g, 5 min). Discard supernatant using a sterile pipette. Resuspend cell pellet in ice-cold freezing medium by pipetting up and down to break up any clumps. Count cells and rapidly aliquot at the selected cell density (e.g. 2.5 x 106 cells/mL) in sterile polypropylene cryovials. Use appropriate material to ensure slow cooling (about -1°C/min) until -70°C. Transfer vials into a liquid nitrogen tank (vapour phase) for storage.Typical Product Data – AequoScreen ® AssayFigure 1: Agonist Response in AequoScreen ®assayAn agonist dose-response experiment was performed in 96-well format using 25 000 cells/well. Luminescence was measured on a MicroLumat Plus (Berthold). Data from a representative experiment are shown.Figure 2: Antagonist Response in AequoScreen ®assayAn antagonist dose-response experiment was performed in 96-well format using 25 000 cells/well with the reference agonist (Acetylcholine) injected at a final concentration equivalent to the EC 80 (220 nM). Luminescence was measured on a MicroLumat Plus (Berthold). Data from a representative experiment are shown.AgonistEC 50 (M) % Digitonin responseAcetylcholine7.2 x 10-881 Oxotremorine2.9 x 10-772Antagonist IC 50 (M) 4-DAMP 1.2 x 10-9Pirenzepine8.9 x 10-7Typical Product Data – Calcium Assay (Fluorescence)Please enquire for fluorescent calcium data availability.Typical Product Data –Radioligand Binding Assay (Filtration)Figure 3: Saturation Binding Assay Curve (Filtration)A saturation binding assay was performed in 96-well format using 20 µg membranes/well. Counts per minute (CPM) were measured on the TopCount®. Data from a representative experiment are shown.AequoScreen® Assay Procedure (MicroBeta® JET)Assay Buffer:DMEM / HAM’s F12 with HEPES, without phenol red (Invitrogen # 11039-021) +0.1 % protease-free BSA (from 10% solution sterilized by filtration at 0.22 µm).Store at 4°C.Coelenterazine h:To prepare a 500 µM Coelenterazine h stock solution, solubilize 250 µg ofCoelenterazine h (Promega # S2011 or Invitrogen # C6780) in 1227 µLmethanol. Store at –20°C in the dark.Digitonin: To prepare a 50 mM Digitonin stock solution, dissolve 1 g of Digitonin (Sigma #D5628) in 16.27 mL of DMSO. Aliquot and store at -20°C.1. Cell Culture andHarvesting: Grow cells (mid-log phase) in culture medium without antibiotics for 18 hours, Detach gently with PBS / 0.5 mM EDTA, pH 7.4. Recover by centrifugation. Resuspend in Assay Buffer at a concentration of 3x105 cells/mL.2. CoelenterazineLoading: Under sterile conditions, add “Coelenterazine h” at a final concentration of 5 µM to the cell suspension, mix well. Incubate at room temperature protected from light and with constant gentle agitation for at least 4 hours (incubation can be extended overnight).3. Cell Dilution: Dilute cells 3x in assay buffer and incubate as described above for 60 min.4. Ligands and platespreparation: Prepare serial dilutions of ligands in assay buffer (2x concentration for agonists, 2x concentration for antagonists). Dispense 50 µL of diluted ligand in a 96-well Optiplate™. Note: Assay can be miniaturized to 384-well and 1536-well formats.5. Agonist ModeReading: Using the reader’s automatic injection system, inject 50 µL of cells (i.e. 5 000 cells) per well and immediately record relative light emission for 20-40 seconds. Digitonin at a final concentration of 100 µM in assay buffer is used in control wells to measure the receptor independent cellular calcium response.6. Antagonist ModeReading: After 15 minutes of incubation of the cells with the ligand, using the reader’s automatic injection system, inject 50 µL of the reference agonist at a final concentration equivalent to the EC80and immediately record relative light emission for 20-40 seconds.7. Data Analysis: Sigmoidal dose-response curves are generated using average LuminescentCounts Per Second (LCPS) recorded for 20-40 sec immediately after cells aremixed with the agonist in agonist mode or the EC80of a reference agonist inantagonist mode.Important Notes:•Temperature should remain below 25°C during the coelenterazine loading of the cells, and until using the cells for the readings. Excessive heating by the cell stirrer for example will result in signal loss. •Depending on (1) sensitivity of the reader used, (2) plate format used, and (3) assay characteristics wanted, it is possible to load cells at (a) different concentrations of cells and coelenterazine, (b) with different subsequent dilution factors, and (c) using different cell numbers per well. This is part of the validation work when importing an assay to a new reader.•For tips and examples on running AequoScreen®assays on different readers, please refer to the AequoScreen® Starter Kit Manual available at /CellLines.Membrane Radioligand Binding Assay Procedure (Filtration)Note: The following are recommended assay conditions and may differ from the conditions used to generate the typical data shown in the above section.Assay Buffer:Tris HCl 50 mM, 1 mM EDTA, 2.5 mM MgCl2, pH 7.4Wash Buffer:Tris HCl 50 mM, 1 mM EDTA, 2.5 mM MgCl2, pH 7.4 (ice cold) Radioligand: [3H]-N-Methyl-Scopolamine (PerkinElmer # NET636)Filters: Unifilter 96 GF/B (PerkinElmer # 6005177)Membrane Binding Protocol:Binding assays were performed in 200 µL total volume according to the following conditions. All dilutions are performed in assay buffer:1. Membrane dilution: 20 µg of membranes per well, diluted in order to dispense 150 µL/well. Keepon ice.2. Assembly on ice (in 96 Deep well plate) Saturation Binding:Competition Binding: • 25 µL of assay buffer or of unlabeled ligand (N-Methyl-Scopolamine, 100 nM final) for determination of non specific binding• 25 µL of radioligand at increasing concentrations (see figure 3)• 150 µL of diluted membranes• 25 µL competitor ligand at increasing concentrations• 25 µL of radioligand ( nM final)• 150 µL of diluted membranes3. Incubation: 90 min at 25°C .4. Filters preparation: GF/B filters were presoaked in Assay Buffer at room temperature for at least120 min.5. Filtration: Aspirate and wash 9 x 500 µL with ice cold wash buffer using a FilterMateHarvester (PerkinElmer).6. Counting: Add 30 µL/well of MicroScint™-O (PerkinElmer # 6013611), cover filter with aTopSeal-A (PerkinElmer # 6050195) and read on a TopCount® (PerkinElmer).References1. Dupriez VJ, Maes K, Le Poul E, Burgeon E, Detheux M. (2002) Aequorin-based functional assays for G-protein-coupled receptors, ion channels, and tyrosine kinase receptors. Receptors Channels 8:319-302. Rizzuto R. Simpson AWM, Brini M, Pozzan T. (1992) Rapid changes of mitochondrial Ca2+ revealed byspecifically targeted recombinant aequorin. Nature 358:325-327.3. Stables J., Green A., Marshall F., Fraser N., Knight E., Sautern M., Milligan G., Lee M., Rees S. (1997) Abioluminescent assay for agonist activity at potentially any G-protein-coupled receptor. Anal. Biochem.252:115-126.4. Figueroa KW, Griffin MT, Ehlert FJ. (2009) Selectivity of agonists for the active state of M1 to M4muscarinic receptor subtypes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 328:331-342.PerkinElmer, Inc. 940 Winter StreetWaltham, MA 02451 USA P: (800) 762-4000 or (+1) 203-925-4602 Materials and InstrumentationThe following tables provide the references of compounds and reagents used for the characterization of the human Muscarinic M 3 Receptor Aequorin cell line, as well as some advice on how to use these compounds:Table 1. References of compounds used for functional characterization and binding assays NameProvider Cat n° Working Stock Solution Acetylcholine Sigma A6625 50 mM in H 2O OxotremorineSigma O100 10 mM in H 2O N-Methyl-Scopolamine Sigma S8502 10 mM in H 2O 4-DAMP Tocris 0482 10 mM in DMSO Pirenzepine SigmaP7412 10 mM in H 2O [3H]-N-Methyl-ScopolaminePerkinElmer NET636 N/ATable 2. References of cell culture media and additives.Note: The table below lists generic media and additives typically used for PerkinElmer cell lines. For product specific media and additives, please refer to the “Recommended Cell Culture Conditions” section.NameProvider Cat n°HAM’s F-12 Hyclone SH30026.02 DMEMHycloneSH30022.02 UltraCHO (serotonin receptors) BioWitthaker 12-724-Q EMEMBioWitthaker 06-174G DHFR - HAM’s F-12 (for DHFR deficient cell lines) Sigma C8862 FBSWisent 80150 FBS dialyzed Wisent 80950G418 (geneticin) Wisent 400-130-IG Zeocin Invitrogen R25005 Blasticidin invitrogen R210-01 PuromycinWisent 400-160-EM Standard HBSS (with CaCl 2 and MgCl 2) GIBCO14025 HEPESMP Biomedicals, LLC 101926 BSA, Protease-free Sigma A-3059 PEISigma P3143Trypsin-EDTA Hyclone SH30236.02 Sodium Pyruvate GIBCO 11360 L-GlutamineGIBCO 25030 NEAA (non-essential amino acids)GIBCO 11140Please visit our website: /CellLines for additional information on materials, microplates and instrumentation.This product is not for resale or distribution except by authorized distributors.。
目录1.概述 (1)1.1 主要特点 (1)1.2 对接入设备的要求 (2)1.3 引用标准 (2)2.系统组成 (3)3.CEP226主时钟 (5)3.1 主时钟工作原理 (5)3.2 主时钟模块简介 (6)3.2.1 电源模块 (6)3.2.2 主机接收模块 (6)3.2.3 脉冲输出模块 (7)3.2.4 IRIG-B码输出模块 (7)3.2.5 串口输出模块 (9)3.2.6 网络输出模块 (10)3.3 主时钟技术参数 (13)3.4 主时钟结构 (15)3.4.1 结构说明 (15)3.4.2 前、后面板示意图 (15)4.CEP226F时标扩展装置 (16)4.1 时标扩展装置工作原理 (16)4.2 时标扩展装置模块介绍 (17)4.2.1 电源模块 (17)4.2.2 接收模块 (17)4.2.3 输出模块 (17)4.3 时标扩展装置技术参数 (17)4.4 时标扩展装置结构 (18)4.4.1 结构说明 (18)4.4.2 前、后面板示意图 (19)5.安装与应用 (19)5.1 外形尺寸 (19)5.2 天线安装 (20)附录1 典型工程方案介绍 (21)附录2 主要模块一览表 (26)1.概述在电力系统运行过程中,电网运行状态瞬息万变,而电网调度则实行分层多级管理,调度管理中心远离现场,因此在全网范围内自动化装置的实时时钟必须要有一个统一的时钟。
另外,对于提高电能质量、电网调度操作、事故分析(特别是复杂事故分析)、实现电网运行工况的同步采样、提高高级应用软件计算的准确性等都具有十分重要的意义。
今后随着电力市场的建立,电能量分时计费的推行,时钟同步的重要性将在经济上更加突出。
但现在电力系统中设备大多采用不同厂家的自动化及微机保护设备,各设备采用各自独立的时钟,而各种时钟都有一定的偏差,这样在事故分析中,失去了时间基准,无法分析各开关动作的先后顺序,给故障分析带来了困难,且变电站往往有不同的装置需要接收时钟同步信号,其接口类型繁多,如RS-232C/422/485串行口、脉冲、IRIG-B接口等;装置的数量也不等,所以在实际应用中常感到卫星同步时钟装置的某些类型接口数量不够或缺少某种类型的接口,其结果就是该变电站中有些装置不能实现时钟同步,或者需要再增加一台甚至数台卫星同步时钟装置,而这往往受到资金不足或没有安装位置等限制。
因此我公司根据用户的实际需求及依据《上海市电网GPS时间同步系统技术原则》研制了CEP226系列卫星同步时钟综合对时系统。
该系统是采用先进的计算机检测及控制技术而设计的一种时间基准系统,可为电力、煤炭、石油、电信、邮电等系统中需要标准时间尺度的继电保护、调度自动化、综合自动化、通信及其系统提供高精度的时间基准信号,可以满足各种自动化设备对时间信号的要求。
1.1 主要特点采用模块化积木式设计,可根据用户需求灵活配置。
可以单主时钟使用;可以双主时钟互为备用使用;可以单主时钟(或双主时钟)带一台或多台时标扩展装置使用;采用进口接收模块,接收灵敏度高;全球、全天候工作,能为用户提供连续、实时的精确时间,不受天气的影响;接收天线安装方便,信号接收可靠性高,不受使用地域条件的限制;所有信号输出口均经过光电隔离,抗干扰能力强;架装式结构,2U或4U标准机箱,安装使用方便。
1.2 对接入设备的要求可以接入CEP226系列卫星同步时钟系统的设备类型:微机保护装置;微机保护信息管理子站;自动化系统(包括远动装置); 故障录波器;其它要求时间统一的装置。
电能量管理系统;各类接入CEP226系列卫星同步时钟系统的设备应采用的时钟同步信号:1PPS秒脉冲(空接点输入); 1PPM分脉冲(空接点输入); 1PPH时脉冲(空接点输入); IRIG-B(DC)时码(RS-422); IRIG-B(DC)时码(TTL);IRIG-B(AC)时码;时间日期报文串口(RS-232)。
网络对时模块1.3 引用标准所有标准都会被修改,使用本技术原则的各单位应探讨使用下列标准最新版本的可能性。
GB 191 包装、储运图示标志GB/T 15527-1995 船用全球定位系统(GPS)接收机通用技术条件GB/T 16435.1-1990 远动设备及系统接口(电气特性)GB/T 6107-2000 使用串行二进制数据交换的数据终端设备和数据电路终接设备之间的接口GB/T 14429-2005 远动设备和系统术语(IEC TR3 60870-1-3:1997)GB/T 17463-1998 远动设备和系统性能要求GB/T 2887-2000 电子计算机场地通用规范GB/T14537—1993 量度继电器和保护装置的冲击与碰撞试验(idt IEC60255-21-2:1988)GB/T11287—2000 电气继电器第21部分:量度继电器和保护装置的震动、冲击、碰撞和地震试验第一篇:震动试验(正弦)(idt IEC60255-21-1:1988)GB4208-1993 外壳防护等级GB16836—2003 度量继电器和保护装置安全设计的一般要求GB/T2423.1-2001 电工电子产品环境试验第2部分:试验方法试验A:低温GB/T 2423.2-2001 电工电子产品环境试验第2部分:试验方法试验B:高温GB/T 2423.9—2001 电工电子产品基本环境试验规程试验Cb:设备用恒定湿热试验方法GB/T 19391-2003 《全球定位系统(GPS)术语及定义》GB/T 15153.1-1998 远动设备及系统第2部分:工作条件第1篇:电源和电磁兼容GB/T 15153.2-2000 远动设备及系统第2部分:工作条件第2篇:环境条件(气候机械和其它非电影响因素)GJB 2242-1994 时统设备通用规范GJB 2991-1997 B时间码接口终端GJB 2715-1996 国防计量通用术语《华东电网时间同步系统技术规范》《上海电网GPS时间同步系统技术原则和运行管理规定》2.系统组成CEP226系列卫星同步时钟系统由CEP226主时钟、CEP226F时标扩展装置两部分组成。
系统按主时钟的工作模式分单机型、双机型两种;单机型:系统由一台CEP226主时钟单独组成或由一台CEP226主时钟带一至多台CEP226F时标扩展装置组成。
主时钟与时标扩展装置之间采用光纤连接。
双机型:系统由两台CEP226主时钟组成或由两台CEP226主时钟带一至多台CEP226F时标扩展装置组成。
双主机热备份。
主时钟与主时钟、主时钟与时标扩展装置之间采用光纤连接。
单机型采用光纤连接示意图双机型采用光纤连接示意图3.CEP226主时钟CEP226卫星同步时钟主时钟作为系统的主设备,采用MotorolaGPS接收模块M12系列接收器或BD-6北斗卫星接收器,将接收到的全球卫星定位系统(GPS)时间或北斗时间精确的转换为用于电力、通信、化工等设备的对时信号,包括无源脉冲(空接点)对时信号、有源脉冲对时信号、IRIG-B码交流对时信号、IRIG-B码直流对时信号、RS422/485串口对时信号、RS232串口对时信号,网络对时等。
3.1 主时钟工作原理CEP226主时钟由三部分构成:基本部分、核心部分、输出部分,如下图所示。
各部分采用模块化单元结构,基本部分由电源模块、显示模块组成;核心部分由接收模块、信号处理单元、B码处理单元及显示及串口处理单元组成;输出部分由脉冲信号输出模块、B码信号输出模块、串行信号输出模块组成。
CEP226主时钟原理框图接收部分:收模块接收GPS或北斗时间信号,将接收到的信号通过信号处理单元以PPS 秒脉冲和串行数据的形式传送给信号处理单元和B码发生单元。
在接收内部接收模块信号未成功情况下自动转换到接收外部直流B码422电平信号,将接收到的B码信号进行解码,转换为PPS秒脉冲和串行数据的形式传送给信号处理单元和B码发生单元。
当检测内部接收模块信号恢复时自动转回主接收回路。
信号处理部分B码发生单元:将接收部分传来的时间信息进行信息处理,转换成能够应用于设备的各种标准信号。
B码处理单元用于直流B码和交流B码的发生,显示及串口处理单元用于时间的显示和时间报文的处理,并将各种形式的时间信号发送的总线上。
输出部分:从总线上将各种形式的时间信息转换成传送给对时设备的信号。
包括:无源脉冲输出模块(空接点)、有源脉冲输出模块(TTL)、IRIG-B直流B码输出模块(TTL/422)、IRIG-B交流B码输出模块(1KHz解调)、串行报文输出模块(RS232、RS422/485),网络对时模块等。
3.2 主时钟模块简介主时钟模块主要包括电源模块、主机接收模块、脉冲输出模块、IRIG-B码输出模块、串口输出模块,网络对时模块。
3.2.1 电源模块电源模块采用高性能、大功率开关电源,电源电压100V~260V交、直流两用。
功率为50W,输出电压+5V/5A、±12V/1A。
模块上安装了电源滤波器等抗干扰元件和故障报警继电器,接点能力:220V交流1A。
此外在电源模块上还加装了浪涌保护器件,起到防止感应雷和过电压等意外灾害对时钟的损害。
如右图。
3.2.2 主机接收模块在主机接收模块上,包括两部分:通过外接天线接收卫星信号、具有后备时钟信号即IRIG-B(DC)时码对时信号。
IRIG-B(DC)时码的输入形式为光纤输入(型号:主机接收模块G),光纤输入采用多模ST接口。
如下图。
下表给出了两种连接形式下有关的参数。
3.2.3 脉冲输出模块脉冲输出模块共有2种模块:8路有源/无源脉冲输出模块、12路无源脉冲输出模块。
如下图。
8路有源脉冲输出模块:8路有源脉冲输出模块包括直流5V和24V 两种。
全部拥有独立的隔离电源模块,且输出信号光电隔离,有效地保护同步时钟不受外接设备的干扰。
通过模块线路板上短路子任意选择各路输出为PPS 、PPM 、PPH 。
如右图所示:连接表示第1、2、3、4路输出为PPS ,第5、6路输出为PPM ,第7、8路输出为PPH 。
(出厂缺省设置为PPS )。
12路无源脉冲输出:12路无源脉冲输出采用高速光耦隔离,PPS 、PPM信号可根据线路板上的标识进行配置(出厂缺省设置为PPS )。
3.2.4 IRIG-B 码输出模块IRIG-B 码输出模块共有4种:直流B 码(RS-422)输出模块、直流B 码(TTL )输出模块、直流B 码光纤输出模块、交流B 码输出模块。
如下图。
S M HS M H125634短路子连接示意图I RIG-B 码(DC)时码:每秒1帧,包含100个码元,每个码元10ms 。
脉冲宽度编码,2ms 宽度表示二进制0、分隔标志或未编码位,5ms 宽度表示二进制1,8ms 宽度表示100ms 基准标志。