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中考英语语法精讲动词和动词短语动词是用来描述主语的动作、行为或状态的词，在句子中作谓语，是句子不可缺少的部分，用来说明主语是什么、处于什么状态或做什么。
英语中的动词有不同的形式，这些形式体现出动作发生的时间和状态(时态)、主动发出动作还是被动接受动作(语态)和说话者的口气、情感等(语气)。
一、动词的分类二、动词分类详解实义动词是指具有完整意义的动词,根据其在句子中是否需要跟宾语可分为两类:不及物动词和及物动词;根据动词所表示的动作是否可以持续可分为持续性动词和终止性动词。
1.不及物动词和及物动词(1)不及物动词( vi.)不及物动词指不能跟宾语的动词。
在英语中大多数动词既可作及物动词,又可作不及物动词。
纯不及物动词很少。
常用作不及物动词的有：The boy smiled when he saw his mother.见到妈妈,男孩笑了。
We waited until Mom came.我们一直等到妈妈来。
温馨提示有时不及物动词和介词一起使用，这时后面可以跟宾语。
We're looking for ajob.我们正在找工作。
Diligence can lead to success,while laziness can result in failure. 勤奋能带来成功,而懒惰会导致失败。
温馨提示在及物动词之后,用不定式作宾语补足语和用现在分词作宾语补足语表示的意思往往不同。
用不定式作宾语补足语指动作的整个过程；用现在分词作宾语补足语指正在进行的动作的一部分。
I heard her sing that song.我听她唱过那首歌。
When I came back,I heard her singing that song in the room.我回来时，听见她正在房间里唱那首歌。
2.持续性动词和终止性动词(3)持续性动词和终止性动词的用法①持续性动词可与表示一段时间的状语连用,如for+一段时间since+从句(一般过去时)since+时间点， how long 等。
九年级中考英语语法知识梳理动词短语短语动词与动词短语1.短语动词动词与介词、副词等构成的固定短语叫短语动词。
短语动词主要有以下4种类型：（1）动词+副词动词和副词组合在一起表达某个特定意义，常用的有：续表注意：由动词和副词构成的短语动词后跟名词宾语时，既可以放在副词之前，也可以放在副词之后；跟代词宾语时，须放在动词和副词之间。
如：They decided to put the meeting off.也可表达为：They decided to put off the meeting.他们决定把会议推迟。
They decided to put it off.他们决定把它推迟。
（2）动词+介词（3）动词+副词+介词（4）动词+名词+介词（5）be+形容词+介词2.动词短语动词短语是指动词与其宾语或状语一起构成的短语。
动词短语主要有以下2类。
（1）动词+名词（2）动词+状语48组易混动词用法辨析1.agree with，agree to和agree on■agree with ...指“同意某人或某人的意见、观点、决定、想法、安排、解释”等，其后可以是一个名词，也可以是what引起的从句。
如：I don't agree with you.我不同意你的意见。
I don't agree with what you said.我不同意你所说的。
■agree to是指“同意某计划、建议、或提议”等；后跟动词原形，意为“同意干某事”。
如：Who else will agree to this suggestion besides him？除他以外，还有谁会同意这个建议呢？We agreed to start early.我们同意早点动身。
■agree on 指在某方面取得一致的看法或意见。
如：We agreed on leaving for Beijing the next day.我们一致同意第二天去北京。
九年级中的英语动词短语辨析及解析一、选择题1．It’s rude and impolite to ________ before others while everyone is queuing to buy tickets. A．take in B．cut in C．put in D．break in 2．You’d better________all the questions before having the test.A．look after B．look at C．look out D．look through 3．Please _____ the water when you brush your teeth.A．take down B．turn up C．take away D．turn off 4．Last week a fireman came to our school and told us what to do if a fire ________. A．breaks out B．works out C．puts out D．runs out 5．—We must act now as time is _________.—Yes. Let's start.A．coming out B．going out C．putting out D．running out 6．Judy waited a long time for her mom, but she didn't ________.A．show up B．get up C．wake up D．stay up 7．When you are given a difficult task, try to ________ it and finish it.A．join in B．stick with C．search for D．think of 8．—How terrible the disaster is! Many people lose their homes and most of them are badly hurt.—I’m sure things are going to ________ fine because the soldiers, the most lovely people, are trying to help them.A．find out B．turn out C．run out D．put out9．The director of Up series passed away, and the workmates are thinking about whether the documentary can ________ without him.A．carry on B．carry out C．take on D．take out 10．—Sorry to ________ your valuable time.—It’s OK.A．take off B．take up C．take out D．take in 11．Make sure that you have prepared everything well before you ________ the plan. A．carry out B．break out C．turn out D．put out 12．The meeting was supposed to ________ on Tuesday, but we’ve had to put it off.A．turn on B．turn out C．take place D．take up13．A forest fire ________ in September in Australia last year and many rare animals lost their lives in it.A．turned out B．broke out C．put out D．worked out 14．This bus doesn’t go to the trai n station. I am afraid you will have to ________ at the next stop and take BRT Line 1.A．get out B．get off C．get through D．get down15．A society cannot be successful if it ________ tradition, but it cannot be successful either if we do something to stop progress.A．takes away B．throws away C．gets away D．puts away 16．The rain has stopped. Why not ________ the raincoat?A．take away B．pass away C．put away D．put off17．My father always tells me to ________ any possible challenge myself instead of giving up easily!A．take away B．take off C．take up D．take on 18．Volunteers ________ leaflets to encourage more people to separate rubbish correctly. A．put out B．find out C．hand out D．turn out 19．There is no doubt that the United Nations will continue to ________ building a community with a shared future for mankind.A．look for B．care for C．hope for D．push for 20．—What happened, Martin?—Last night, someone ________ my house and stole many valuable things.A．broke into B．broke down C．turned into D．turned down 21．—Excuse me, sir, but smoking is not allowed in hospital.—Sorry, I didn’t see the sign. I’ll _______ my cigarette.A．put in B．put up C．put out D．put on 22．—How was your May Day holiday?—Just so-so. We drove to Suzhou and tried to find a place for parking, but they were all________. A．turned up B．stayed up C．taken up D．put up23．— How can I get good grades in the listening test, Miss Lin?— You can the questions quickly before listening.A．look through B．go over C．pay attention to D．take notice of 24．Andrew once tried to ________ a brighter light in his bedroom, but he failed in the end. A．put on B．put in C．put out D．put up 25．—Oh, my God! I have ________ 5 pounds!—No worries. It’s normal for a growing teenager.A．put up B．put down C．put on D．put off26．I promise I won’t ________ any more of your time. But would you please reply to my question right away?A．give up B．make up C．put up D．take up27．－Oh,my God! I have ________ five pounds!－No worries. It’s normal for a growing teenage girl.A．put up B．put down C．put on D．put off28．It ________ the director of Hi, Mom has become one of China’s most successful female filmmakers.A．runs out B．breaks out C．hands out D．turns out 29．Steve Jobs was a great man who ________ the use of digital music.A．pushed away B．pushed for C．pulled out D．put in30．—Many students don’t know how to ________ stress and become worried.—I think they’d better ask their teachers for help.A．argue with B．come up with C．deal with31．He used to ________ with his friends and watch movies in the cinema.A．stay up B．wake up C．come up D．make up 32．Such lovely weather! Let's _________ the tent near the lake.A．build up B．put up C．put in D．build in33．He always ________ his friends about everything. In fact, he has no thoughts of his own. A．talks with B．plays withC．deals with D．agrees with34．I really shouldn't have shouted at my parents like that, but .A．it was none of your business B．I just couldn't help itC．I didn't care about it D．I couldn't agree more35．Bob is busy taking the desks and chairs away because they ___________ too much room in the hall.A．pick up B．take up C．put up D．cheer up36．I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldn’t want to ________ too much of your time.A．take on B．take away C．take up D．take off37．No rules, all things will not be long. Without proper lessons, you could ________ a lot of bad habits when playing the piano.A．give up B．catch up C．keep up D．pick up38．As a volunteer, he often goes to the hospital to ________ the sick.A．cheer for B．help for C．put up D．cheer up39．We should ________ the job bravely instead of complaining too much. It’s our duty! A．take away B．take up C．take on D．take off 40．Children’s Day is on the way. Many shops have ________ huge posters with the word “SALE”. A．put on B．put in C．put away D．put up41．I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldn’t want to ________ too much of your time.A．put up B．take up C．give up D．make up42．The person who ________ a new idea of how to work out the puzzle will be given a（n）________.A．keeps up with; praise B．comes up with; prize C．ends up with; price D．puts up with; award43．A new high-speed railway station ________ Taixing ________ Shanghai will be built soon. A．connecting; to B．connected; to C．connects; with D．connected; and 44．—Your spoken English is very good. How do you improve it?—Thanks. Mrs. Wang always asks us to ________ dialogues in our English classes and practice speaking English as often as possible.A．take up B．make up C．put up D．mop up 45．—What do the students think of this book?—It’s really a good book. They all________it.A．look over B．think about C．think highly of D．win the heart of 46．My father is crazy about DIY. He’s trying to ________ a cupboard in the kitchen.A．put up B．put in C．put on D．put away47．I know how busy you must be and I wouldn’t want to ________ too much of your time. A．put up B．take up C．set up D．make up 48．—Have you made a plan to raise money to protect the animals in danger?—Yes. Now we are thinking about how to ________.A．pick it out B．carry it out C．find it out D．put it out 49．The baby is sleeping. Would you please ________?A．turned the radio on B．turn the radio downC．turned the radio off D．turn the radio up50．Based on local cultures and museums, schools should develop local courses ________ art, history, geography, and biology.A．led to B．taken on C．chosen from D．connected with 【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．B解析：B【详解】句意：在大家排队买票的时候插队是粗鲁和不礼貌的。
九年级英语动词短语辨析知识点归纳及解析含答案一、选择题1．—What time does the first train to Beijing leave?—Wait a minute. I am just ________ the train times.A．taking up B．picking up C．making up D．looking up2．A survey about why teenagers like bilibili so much was ________ here last week. A．taken out B．carried out C．turned out D．worked out 3．The meeting was supposed to ________ on Tuesday, but we’ve had to put it off.A．turn on B．turn out C．take place D．take up 4．—Excuse me, does Mr. Smith’s son live here?— He ________ be here. But now he ________ in the city.A．used to; is used to live B．was used to; is used to livingC．used to; is used to living D．is used to; used to live5．A big fire ________ in a factory last month. It is important for us to be careful with fire. A．put out B．turned out C．got out D．broke out 6．Daniel is the most modest boy in our class, because he never ________ in public. A．gets off B．takes off C．shows off D．turns off 7．—Who’s going to ________ the children while you are away?—Don’t worry. My mum will come.A．look at B．look around C．look after D．look like8．—If the customer rings up for me again, please ________ the call to the sales department.—OK, I will.A．run through B．look through C．go through D．put through 9．—How terrible the disaster is! Many people lose their homes and most of them are badly hurt.—I’m sure things are going to ________ fine because the soldiers, the most lovely people, are trying to help them.A．find out B．turn out C．run out D．put out 10．It’s rude and impolite to ________ before other s while everyone is queuing to buy tickets. A．take in B．cut in C．put in D．break in 11．—We have waited for Tom for half an hour. Why hasn’t he ________ yet?—He may have got lost. Let me call him.A．cheered up B．taken up C．stayed up D．shown up 12．—I ________ reading English every morning.—Yes, English is very important and it ________ the first language in England and some other countries.A．used to; is used by B．used to; is used asC．am used to; is used as D．am used to; is used by13．—We must act now as time is _________.—Yes. Let's start.A．coming out B．going out C．putting out D．running out 14．Last week a fireman came to our school and told us what to do if a fire ________. A．breaks out B．works out C．puts out D．runs out15．I’ve had some difficulties, but they were nothing compared _____ yours.A．to B．of C．for D．from 16．—Dad，would you please____a brighter light in my bedroom？—Certainly．A．put in B．hand out C．hand in D．put out 17．Make sure that you have prepared everything well before you ________ the plan. A．carry out B．break out C．turn out D．put out18．The director of Up series passed away, and the workmates are thinking about whether the documentary can ________ without him.A．carry on B．carry out C．take on D．take out 19．There is no doubt that the United Nations will continue to ________ building a community with a shared future for mankind.A．look for B．care for C．hope for D．push for20．The rain has stopped. Why not ________ the raincoat?A．take away B．pass away C．put away D．put off 21．—Hello, this is Taicang Middle School.—I want to talk to Mr. Chen. Can you ________ me ________?A．put…in B．put…out C．put…through D．put…up22．All of us had a good time during this year’s May Day holiday because we ________ five days________ .A．had...off B．took...off C．put...off D．turned...off 23．My sister seldom spends time on TV or computer at weekends because reading ________ most of her free time.A．takes on B．takes up C．takes away D．takes off24．—It is careless of him to________ the books on the table. What a mess!—Maybe he is getting uncomfortable from staying up too late every day.A．knock over B．knock down C．knock off D．knock on 25．Volunteers ________ leaflets to encourage more people to separate rubbish correctly. A．put out B．find out C．hand out D．turn out 26．Sometimes results will just ________ opposite of our wish. We need to accept them anyway. A．carry out B．break out C．run out D．turn out 27．—The Civil Code (民法典) ________ to be a big success and it is a milestone in our country legal science.—I can’t agree more.A．turns out B．puts out C．takes out D．breaks out 28．The workers ________ a sign to warn people of the danger here.A．put out B．put in C．put up D．put on29．Would you please ____________ the light? I can't sleep well with it on.A．turn on B．turn off C．turn to D．turn around 30．—I’m sorry to ________ on you, but there is something I don’t understand.—It doesn’t matter.A．cut down B．cut out C．cut in D．cut off 31．—Oh, my God! I have ________ 5 pounds!—No worries. It’s normal for a growing teenager.A．put up B．put down C．put on D．put off32．I promise I won’t ________ any more of your time. But would you please reply to my question right away?A．give up B．make up C．put up D．take up33．－Oh,my God! I have ________ five pounds!－No worries. It’s normal for a growing teenage girl.A．put up B．put down C．put on D．put off 34．Steve Jobs was a great man who ________ the use of digital music.A．pushed away B．pushed for C．pulled out D．put in 35．—Many students don’t know how to ________ stress and become worried.—I think the y’d better ask their teachers for help.A．argue with B．come up with C．deal with36．He used to ________ with his friends and watch movies in the cinema.A．stay up B．wake up C．come up D．make up 37．Such lovely weather! Let's _________ the tent near the lake.A．build up B．put up C．put in D．build in38．Bob is busy taking the desks and chairs away because they ___________ too much room in the hall.A．pick up B．take up C．put up D．cheer up39．I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldn’t want to ________ too much of your time.A．take on B．take away C．take up D．take off40．My brother often _________ his spare time to help me with my spoken English.A．puts up B．gives up C．opens up D．tidies up 41．Children’s Day is on the way. Many shops have ________ huge posters with the word “SALE”. A．put on B．put in C．put away D．put up 42．Daniel, stop playing computer games, please! It has ________ your free time too much. A．turned up B．picked up C．put up D．taken up 43．—Why did Linda come to China?—To experience Chinese culture and ________ the most suitable university to attend.A．turn out B．put out C．run out D．find out44．The person who ________ a new idea of how to work out the puzzle will be given a（n）________.A．keeps up with; praise B．comes up with; prize C．ends up with; price D．puts up with; award45．A new high-speed railway station ________ Taixing ________ Shanghai will be built soon. A．connecting; to B．connected; to C．connects; with D．connected; and 46．If parents do everything for their children, they won’t learn to ________ themselves. A．depend on B．get on C．put on D．come on47．My father is crazy about DIY. He’s trying to ________ a cupboard in the kitchen.A．put up B．put in C．put on D．put away48．I know how busy you must be and I wouldn’t want to ________ too much of your time. A．put up B．take up C．set up D．make up 49．The baby is sleeping. Would you please ________?A．turned the radio on B．turn the radio downC．turned the radio off D．turn the radio up50．Based on local cultures and museums, schools should develop local courses ________ art, history, geography, and biology.A．led to B．taken on C．chosen from D．connected with 【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．D解析：D【详解】句意：——-去北京的第一班火车什么时候开？——等等。
中考英语复习---动词及动词短语辨析 11. The professor reached Nanjing last Wednesday. He ________ there for 10 days. A. has been B. has got C. has reached D. has arrived 11.A考查延续性动词和非延续性动词。句意：这位教授上个周三到了南京。他在那儿10天了。for引导的表示一段时间的时间状语提示用be动词的现在完成时表示状态，其它三个选项的动词都是非延续性动词，不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。故选A。 (2018▪山东莱芜) 30. Anna is preparing for the coming exam, so she has to _______ the invitation to the party. A. turn on B. turn down C. turn off D. turn up 30. B【解析】考查动词短语的用法辨析。句意：安娜正在为即将带来的考试做准备，因此她不得不拒绝这次聚会的邀请。 turn on意为“打开”；turn down“拒绝”；turn off“关掉”；turn up“把声音调高”。根据“preparing for the coming exam”可知：为了备考，不得不拒绝参加聚会。故选B。
22.（2018·贵州铜仁）— Can I help you? — The pants look very nice. Can I_________? A. try it on B. try them on C. try on it D. try on them 22. B 考查动词短语。句意：——有什么可以帮助的吗？——这条长裤看起来很漂亮。我可以试穿它们吗？用them代指pants，动副结构的短语try on后接代词作宾语时，需要放在动副结构中间。故选B。
25. (2018. 贵州铜仁) —How do you ________ the yellow car? —It’s very cute. A. think B. like C. think of D. like to 24. B 考查动词。句意：——你认为这个黄色的小汽车怎么样？——它很漂亮。What do you think of sth.? = How do you like? 你觉得……怎么样？故选B。
1. (2018·黑龙江哈尔滨) Boy and girls, work hard. I’m sure your parents will _____ you in the future. A. be famous as B. be proud of C. keep in touch 1. B 考查固定搭配用法。句意：——孩子们，努力学习吧！我相信你们的父母将来都会为你们感到自豪的。be famous as“作为……出名” keep in touch “保持联系”均与此处语境不符。be proud of“为……自豪”故选B。
3. （2018•辽宁沈阳）He look at the stars every night, but now he does not. A. had better B. used to C. ought to D. had to 3. B【解析】考查固定词组词义辨析。had better最好…; used to过去常常…; ought to应该做…;had to不得不…; 由but now 看出前面谈论过去,故答案选B。句意： 他过去常常每晚看星星，但是现在他不看了。
32. (2018. 贵州铜仁) —Jenny, it's cold outside. __________ your coat when you go out. —OK, dad. A. Put away B. Put on C. Take off D. Take away 32.B 考查动词短语。句意：——珍妮，外面很冷。当你出去时穿上你的外套。——好的，爸爸。put away收起；put on穿上；take off脱下；take away拿走，故选B。
(2018·江苏淮安）3. The girl has to ________ her grandma because her parents are working in another city. A. look at B. look into C. look through D. look after \ 3.D考查动词短语辨析。句意：——这个女孩必须照顾她的奶奶，因为她的父母在另一个城市工作。Look at注视，look into调查，look through浏览。根据句意，用look after表示“照顾”。故选D。
(2018▪山东莱芜) 28. —Oh, dear! I can’t find my key to the office. —Don’t worry. I think you might _______ it in your car. A. offer B. forget C. borrow D. leave 28. D【解析】考查动词的词义辨析。句意：——哎呀，天哪！我找不到我的办公室的钥匙了。——不要担心。我想你可能把它忘在你的汽车里。offer“提供”；forget“忘记”，表示想不起来某事物或忘记做某事；borrow“借”；leave“离开；丢下；遗忘”。根据“can’t find my key”可知：这里表示把钥匙遗忘在某地。故选D。 25.（2018•新疆乌鲁木齐）—I’d like to buy a new oven. —The ones over there sell well. You can one by one to have a try. A. turn on it B. turn it on C. turn on them D. turn them on 25. D 考查动词短语用法。句意：——我想要买一个新炉子。那边的那些买得很好。你可以一个个地打开试试。turn on意为“打开”，是“动词+副词”结构的短语，宾语为代词的话必须放在turn和on两者之间；由第一个句子提到的the ones over there“那边的那些”为复数，因此下文中用them“它们”来代词。故选D。 26.（2018•新疆乌鲁木齐）My bike is broken. I will have it tomorrow morning. A. fix up B. fixed up C. repairing D. to repair 26. B 考查动词短语。句意：我的自行车坏了。明天上午我要找人修理它。“have+宾语+过去分词”表“让人做……”，故选B。 27. (2018·云南) We can some information about this city on the Internet. A. look up B. look like C. look after D. look forward to 27.A【解析】考查动词短语。句意：我们可以在网上查询一些关于这所城市的信息。look up查阅；look like 看起来像；look after照顾，照看；look forward to期待。故选A。 (2018·广西北部湾)36. the map and tell me where Shanghai is. A. Look around B. Look like C. Look at D. Look out 36. C 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：看看地图,告诉我上海在哪里。look around看看周围，look like看起来像，look at看着，look out当心。只有look at合适，故答案选C。 16. (2018·黑龙江龙东)This year is the 49th Earth Day and I think we should people not to too many trees. A. call on; cut down B. call at; cut up C. call in; cut off 16. A 考查词组搭配。句意：今年是第49个地球日，我想我们应号召人们不要砍伐太多的树。call on号召；call at拜访；call in叫某人进来；cut down砍到; cut up切碎; cut off切除。根据句意故选A。 （2018.吉林）31. It’s a good idea to ______ new words in the dictionary. A. cut up B. look up C. put up 31. B. 【解析】考查短语动词辨析。 句意：在词典中查找单词是个好主意。cut up切碎；look up查找；put up举起，根据句意可知答案为B。 6. (2018·江苏常州) —Manager, all the machines ______just now! —What? Call the engineer at once. A. broke down B. turned down C. broke out D. turned out 6.A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：—经理，刚才所有机器都坏了！—什么？抓紧给工程师打电话。break down“出故障；坏掉”；turn down“调小声音”；break out“打断；闯入”；turn out“关掉”。根据语境可知A项符合题意。 10. (2018·江苏徐州) I look stupid with this haircut. All my classmates will _____ me. A. laugh at B. agree with C. depend on D. worry about 10. A 考查短语辨析。根据句意：这个发型，我看上去是愚蠢的。所有的同学会嘲笑我的。 laugh at嘲笑； agree with同意； depend on 依靠；worry about 担心。根据句意选A。 8. (2018·黑龙江龙东)I prefer the failure rather than my dream. A. experience; to give up B. to experience; give up C. experiencing; giving up 8. B 考查动词搭配。句意：比起放弃梦想我更喜欢经历失败。根据prefer to do rather than do可知。故选B。 5.(2018·辽宁本溪）— Lin Jia, you have a loving grandma, right? — Yes, she always _____ her time with me whenever I need her. A. spends B. uses C. takes D. pays 5. A考查动词用法辨析。句意：—— 林佳，你有一位可爱的奶奶，对吧？—— 是的，不论何时我需要她时，她总是花费时间和我在一起。spend花费，度过，常用sb作主语；use使用；take花费，常用于It takes sb some time to do sth句型中；pay付款。根据句意及句中主语she可知，应用spend表示“花费”，故选A。 8. (2018·辽宁抚顺)She was an e-mail from her friend the whole morning, but it didn’t come. A. explaining B. expressing C. experiencing D. expecting 8.D 考查动词辨析。由下文“但是电子邮件没有来”可知她整个早上在期待一个来自朋友的邮件。explaining解释；expressing表达；experiencing经历；expecting期待。故选D。
