中国文化论文3

On Realistic Significance of Classical Chinese PhilosophyI IntroducationBrief introduction to classical Chinese philosophy of Confucianism, Daoism, Mohism and LegalismConfucianism had been regarded as an ethic political system in ancient china,which has left us a rich literary heritage known as the four books and the classics.The central doctrine is that of the virtue or Ren. What is Ren ? Ren is translated variously as goodness, benevolence, humanity and human-heartedness. In short, ren means affection and love. Taoism is indigence to china, together with Conficianism ,it has exerted great influence on the thinking of the Chinese people, as well as on the political ,economic and cultural life of the country. Contrary to the solem , pompous gravity and burden of social responsibilities of Confucianism ,Taoism advocates a carefree flight from the respectability and conventional duties of society .The Taoist philosophy may summed up in two points :Nonaction and De.Maoism had an indelible impression on the Chinese mind .The core of moism is universal love ,rejecting aggression and the Exaltation of worthy. Legalism was a very strict and stern philosophy .In its earliest form , it was probably the outgrowth of a need for a more rational organization of society and resource so as to strength the state against rivals .The outstanding representatives are Shang Yang ,Li Si and Han Fei.II Confucianism and Its Practical Values2.1 Major Points of ConfucianismThe ethical thoughts of Confucianism can summed up in three cardinal guides and five constant virtues.Three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son, husband guides wife. Five constant virtues: humanity, righteousness, propriety , wisdom ,sincerity. In t. In terms of education ,there should be no class distinction .The political thoughts is he who exercises government by means of his virtue.2.2 Practical Values of ConfucianismConfucianism advocates harmony thought , it’s idea has a great use for us to build a harmonious society .Besides ,as we all know ,trustworthy is a important principle for people living . As Confucianism advocates righteousness is basic ,and profit derive from it ,so in the more complex economical activity ,we need trustworthy to attach.III Daoism and Its Practical Values3.1 Major Points of DaoismThe Taoist philosophy has rich contents ,it may be summed up in two points. Wuwei , it means nonaction . in fact ,it does not signify the absence of action ,but rather acting without overaction . In other words, the way of living according to the way. De, or power of morality ,it teaches of survival , of how to keep one’s own integrity in the time of disorder.3.2 Practical Values of DaoismPractical value of Taoism :Taoism has becoming the spiritual wealth of the Chinese culture .many of view points and principles of life such as the weak ,overcoming the strong ,holding oneself aloof from worldly success, emptying the heart of desire , adopting an easy going manner being selfless and modest ,etc. have exerted great influence on the Chinese mind and have been applied to politics , economy ,military affairs, culture, business and social intercourse. Chinese jujitsu ,traditional shadow boxing and quiescent qigong originate in the gist and spirit of Taoism .IV Major Points of Moism and Its Practical Values4.1 Major Points of MoismThe corn of moism is universal love .besides ,the rejecting aggression ,heaven intention and elevating the worthy are important parts for moism. The political view is that the people rank the highest ,the land and grain comes next ,and the ruler counts the least.4.2 Practical Values of MohismMoism advocates universal love ,it’s important for world’s peace and harmony. What’s more ,moism advocates save in utilization ,it’s a standard for nowday’s people’s consume concepts and living attitudes,V Legalism and Its Practical Values5.1 Major Points of LegalismIt advocated war as a means of strengthening the power of the ruler ,expanding the territory and making the people disciplined and submissive. The state would be ordered by an exhaustive set of laws ,severe punishment would restrain evil ,agriculture as the basis of the economy .5.2 Practical Values of LegalismLegalism use law to govern nation ,the reasonable composition has a great influence in our country’s political system.VI ConclusionThe rich and ,in many ways , unique civilization of china owes much in it’s shaping to the widespread influence of Confucianism ,Taoism ,moism and legalism ,which are regarded as the roots of Chinese culture .The influence of these philosophies as well as religions ,especially of Confucianism ,not only come to predominate in china for more than two thousand years ,but also was powerful in shaping the social and political life of Korea ,Japan and Indo-china. These four Chinese philosophy had moulded and shaped the civilization of china even in the whole world. With the development of china ,Chinese culture plays an more important part in the world culture ,and more and more foreigners are learning Chinese culture .for this phenomena ,more and more Confucius Academy built.。