非谓语动词作状语
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⾮谓语动词作状语
⾮谓语动词作状语
⼀不定式作状语(to)do/not(to)do1表⽬的
He sat down to have a rest.
They went there to visit their teacher.
2.表⽰结果
He is old enough to go to school.。
She is too tired to do the job.。
表出乎意料的结果:______________He woke up only/just to find everybody gone.他醒来发现⼤家都⾛了。
3表⽰原因
在某些形容词作表语,表⽰喜、怒、衷、乐后跟不定式表⽰原因。
如:I am very glad to see you.I am so sorry to hear your mother is ill.
4.强调动词不定式所表⽰的⽬的时,动词不定式可⽤in order to do(为了)
或so as to(以便)+do。
注意:so as to不⽤于句⾸。He got up early in order to/so as to catch the first bus.In order to pick up passengers,the bus stopped。
5.修饰全句,独⽴成分
To tell you the truth,I have got no money about me.
To be honest,I know nothing about it.
⼆分词作状语分词作状语1.分词作状语的基本原则:
(1)分词作状语时,分词的逻辑主语必须与句⼦的主语保持⼀致。
(2)分词作状语必须和句中主语含有逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系,主动doing,被
动done例句:
分词或分词短语作状语时,可以表时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、⾏为⽅式、伴随状况等。Hearing the news,they got excited.(时间)
Be careful while/when crossing the street.(时间)
Having been bitten by a snake,she was frightened at it.(原因)
Given a chance,I can surprise the world.(条件)
The cup dropped to the ground,breaking into pieces.(结果)Having been told many times,he still repeated the same mistake.(让步)
The teacher came into the lab,followed by some students.(伴随状况)
例句:(1)Having worked there for30years,Haydn moved to London
先后(2)Having been knocked down by the car for so long,the old man was sent to
the hospital.
(3)Not having finished his work,he had to work extra hours at night.因为没
有完成⼯作,他不得不晚上额外加班。3.with+名词/代词to do/doing/done
4过去分词done形式的形容词作状语。注意:done形式⾮动词,⽽是状态类形容词。
Tired of so much homework,he got away from his class.
Lost in deep thought,he said nothing.
5连词+doing/done
Once asked,I have nothing to say.
While talking with them,the boy fell down.
6.分词独⽴主格形式:
名词/代词+doing/done,句⼦….
句⼦….,名词/代词+doing/done7.独⽴成分作状语
有些分词短语,其形式的选择不受上下⽂的影响,称作独⽴成分。
常见的有:Generally speaking…⼀般说来Frankly speaking…坦⽩地说Judging from…根据……来判断Considering…考虑到……三.⾮谓语题的解题总⽅法与思路:词等情况,那么这个题多半是⾮谓语动词题。;
如果⽤逗号隔开的两个部分都没有连接词的话,⼀部分是句⼦时,那么另⼀部分就⼀定是⾮句⼦,⽽⾮句⼦⾥的动词就是⾮谓语动词。
(或动词⾃带的逻辑主语)与它是逻辑上的主谓关系,那么答案⼀般⽤Ving形式;如果本句的主语(或动词⾃带的逻辑主语)与它是逻辑上的动宾关系(被动关系),那么答案⼀般⽤Ved形式。
⽤完成式(to have done/to have been done/having done/Having been done),否则我们要⽤⾮谓语的⼀般式(to do/to bedone/doing/being done/done)。
突破难点实战演练1.A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city,_____all four
people on board.
A.killed
B.killing
C.kills
D.to kill(上海)
2.________many times,he finally understood it.(四川)
A.Told
B.Telling
C.Having told
D.Having been told
3.The children all turned______the famous actress as she entered the classroom.(全国I)
A.looked at
B.to look at
C.to looking at
D.look at
4.______the project in time,the staff were working at weekends.(天津)
have complete
till fly.
D.to
farmers up wind farms on their land.(天津)
A.Being encouraged
B.Encouraging
C.Encouraged
D.Having encouraged
7.____twice,the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.(北京)
A.Being bitten
B.Bitten
C.Having bitten
D.To be bitten8.When we visited my old family home,memory came______back.(辽宁)
A.flooding
B.to flood
C.flood
D.flooded
9.I arrived at the shop______I’d left all my money at home.
A.only to find
B.only finding
C.only found
D.only having found
10.,you need to give all you have and try your best.(辽宁)
A.Being a winner
B.To be a winner
C.Be a winner
D.Having been a winner 11.More highways have been built in China,___________it much easier for people to travel formone place to another.
A.making
B.made
C.to makeD.having made
Boston and______what to do about his future.(湖南)
A.living;wondering
B.lived;wondering
C.lived;wondered
D.living;wondered
18.Every evening after dinner,if not______from work,I will spend some
time walking my dog.(湖南)
A.being tired
B.tiring
C.tired
D.to be tired
19.______and short of breath,Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.
A.To be tried
B.Tired
C.TiringD.Being tired(浙江)
20._______a reply,he decided to write again.
A.Not receiving
B.Receiving not
C.Not having received
D.Having not received
21.__________,he can't go out for a walk as usual.
A.With so much work to do B.With so much work doing
C.With so much work done D.Without so much work to do
22.All things__________,the plan trip will have to be called off.
A.be considered B.considered
C.considering D.having considering
23.She stood there,_____from her cheeks.
A.tears'rolling down
B.tears rolled down
C.with tears rolled down
D.tears rolling down
24.With a lot of difficult problems_________,the manager felt worried all the time.
a.to settle
b.settle
c.settled
d.settling
25.________,the flowers will not die.
A.If watering B if watered C unless watered D unless was watered