土木工程专业英语词汇集锦

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土木工程专业英语词汇(整理版)第一部分必须掌握,第二部分尽量掌握第一部分:1 Fin ite Eleme nt Method 有限单元法2 专业英语Specialty En glish3 水禾U 工程Hydraulic Engin eeri ng4 土木工程Civil Engin eeri ng5 地下工程Un dergro und Engin eeri ng6 岩土工程Geotech ni cal Engin eeri ng7 道路工程Road (Highway) Engin eeri ng8 桥梁工程Bridge Engineering9 隧道工程Tunnel Engineering10 工程力学Engineering Mechanics11 交通工程Traffic Engineering12 港口工程Port Engin eeri ng13安全性safety17 木结构timber structure18 砌体结构masonry structure19 混凝土结构concrete structure20 钢结构steelstructure21 钢- 混凝土复合结构steel and concrete composite structure22 素混凝土plain concrete23 钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete24 钢筋rebar25 预应力混凝土pre-stressed concrete26 静定结构statically determinate structure27 超静定结构statically in determ in ate structure28 桁架结构truss structure29 空间网架结构spatial grid structure30 近海工程offshore engineering31静力学statics32 运动学kinematics33 动力学dynamics34 简支梁simply supported beam35 固定支座fixed bearing36弹性力学elasticity37塑性力学plasticity38 弹塑性力学elaso-plasticity39 断裂力学fracture Mechanics40 土力学soil mecha nics41 水力学hydraulics42 流体力学fluid mechanics43 固体力学solid mechanics44 集中力concentrated force45 压力pressure46 静水压力hydrostatic pressure47 均布压力uniform pressure48 体力body force49 重力gravity50 线荷载line load51 弯矩bending mome nt52 扭矩torque53 应力stress54 应变stai n55 正应力no rmal stress56 剪应力shearing stress57 主应力prin cipal stress58 变形deformatio n59 内力internal force60偏移量挠度deflection61 沉降settlement62屈曲失稳buckle63 轴力axial force64 允许应力allowable stress65 疲劳分析fatigue analysis66 梁beam67 壳shell68 板plate69 桥bridge70 桩pile71 主动土压力active earth pressure72 被动土压力passive earth pressure73 承载力load-beari ng capacity74 水位water Height75 位移displaceme nt76 结构力学structural mechanics77 材料力学material mechanics78 经纬仪altometer79水准仪level80 学科discipli ne81 子学科sub-discipli ne82 期干刊journal ,periodical83 文献literature84 国际标准刊号ISSN International Standard Serial Number85 国际标准书号ISBN International Standard Book Number86 卷volume87 期nu mber88 专著mono graph89会议论文集Proceeding90 学位论文thesis, dissertation91 专利pate nt92档案档案室archive93国际学术会议conference94 导师advisor95学位论文答辩defense of thesis96 博士研究生doctorate student97 研究生postgraduate98 工程索弓丨El Engineering Index99 科学引文索引SCI Scienee Citation Index100 科学技术会议论文集索引ISTP In dex to Scie nee and Techno logy Proceed ings101 题目title102 摘要abstract103 全文full-text104参考文献refere nee105联络单位、所属单位affiliation106 主题词Subject107 关键字keyword108 美国土木工程师协会ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers 109 联邦公路总署FHWA Federal Highway Administration110 国际标准组织ISO International Standard Organization111 解析方法an alytical method112 数值方法numerical method113 计算computation114 说明书in structio n115 规范Specification. Code第二部分:岩土工程专业词汇1. geotech ni cal engin eeri ng 岩土工程2. fo un dati on engin eeri ng 基础工程3. soil, earth 土4. soil mecha nics 土力学5. cyclic load ing 周期荷载6. unl oadi ng 卸载7. reloadi ng 再加载8. viscoelastic foun datio n 粘弹性地基9. viscous damp ing 粘滞阻尼10. shear modulus 剪切模量11. soil dyn amics 土动力学12. stress path 应力路径13. nu merical geotecha nics 数值岩土力学二.土的分类1. residual soil 残积土groun dwater level 地下水位2. gro un dwater 地下水groun dwater table 地下水位3. clay min erals 粘土矿物4. sec on dary mi nerals 次生矿物 ndslides 滑坡6. bore hole colu mnar section 钻孔柱状图7. e ngin eeri ng geologic inv estigati on 工程地质勘察8. boulder 漂石9. cobble 卵石10. gravel 砂石11. gravelly sand 砾砂12. coarse sand 粗砂13. medium sand 中砂14. fi ne sa nd 细砂15. silty sa nd 粉土16. clayey soil 粘性土17. clay 粘土18. silty clay 粉质粘土19. silt 粉土20. sa ndy silt 砂质粉土21. clayey silt 粘质粉土22. saturated soil 饱和土23. un saturated soil 非饱和土24. fill (soil) 填土25.overc on solidated soil 超固结土26. normally con solidated soil 正常固结土27. un derc on solidated soil 欠固结土28. zo nal soil 区域性土29. soft clay 软粘土30. expa nsive (swelli ng) soil 膨胀土31. peat 泥炭32.loess 黄土33.froze n soil 冻土24. degree of saturati on 饱和度25. dry unit weight 干重度26. moist unit weight 湿重度45.ISSMGE=I nternatio nal Society for Soil Mecha nics and Geotech nical Engineering 国际土力学与岩土工程学会四.渗透性和渗流1. Darcy ' s law达西定律2. pipi ng 管涌3. flowi ng soil 流土4. sa nd boili ng 砂沸5. flow net 流网6. seepage 渗透(流)7.l eakage 渗流8. seepage pressure 渗透压力9. permeability 渗透性10. seepage force 渗透力11. hydraulic gradie nt 水力梯度12. coefficie nt of permeability 渗透系数五.地基应力和变形1. soft soil 软土2. ( negative) skin friction of drive n pile 打入桩(负)摩阻力3. effective stress 有效应力4. total stress 总应力5. field vane shear stre ngth 十字板抗剪强度6.low activity 低活性7. se nsitivity 灵敏度8. triaxial test 三轴试验9. fo un dati on desig n 基础设计10. recompact ion 再压缩11. beari ng capacity 承载力12. soil mass 土体13. c on tact stress (pressure)接触应力(压力)14. co ncen trated load 集中荷载15. a semi-i nfinite elastic solid 半无限弹性体16. homoge neous 均质17.isotropic 各向同性18. strip footi ng 条基19. square spread footi ng 方形独立基础20. un derly ing soil (stratum ,strata)下卧层(土)21. dead load =susta in ed load 恒载持续荷载22.live load 活载23.short - term transient load 短期瞬时荷载24.lon g-term tran sie nt load 长期荷载25. reduced load 折算荷载26. settleme nt 沉降27. deformati on 变形28. casi ng 套管29. dike=dyke 堤(防)30. clay fractio n 粘粒粒组31. physical properties 物理性质32. subgrade 路基33. well-graded soil 级配良好土34. poorly-graded soil 级配不良土35. no rmal stresses 正应力36. shear stresses 剪应力37. pri ncipal pla ne 主平面38. major (in termediate, mi nor) prin cipal stress 最大(中、39. Mohr-Coulomb failure con ditio n 摩尔-库仑破坏条件40. FEM=fi nite eleme nt method 有限元法41.limit equilibrium method 极限平衡法42. pore water pressure 孑L隙水压力43. preco nsolidatio n pressure 先期固结压力44. modulus of compressibility 压缩模量45. coeffice nt of compressibility 压缩系数46. compressio n in dex 压缩指数47. swelli ng in dex 回弹指数48. geostatic stress 自重应力49. additio nal stress 附加应力50. total stress 总应力51. fi nal settleme nt 最终沉降52. slip line 滑动线六.基坑开挖与降水1 excavati on 开挖(挖方)2 dewateri ng (基坑)降水3 failure of fou ndation 基坑失稳4 braci ng of foun datio n pit 基坑围护5 bottom heave=basal heave (基坑)底隆起6 retai ning wall 挡土墙7 pore-pressure distributi on8 dewateri ngmethod9 well point system10 deep well point11 vacuum well point12 braced cuts 支撑围护13 braced excavati on 支撑开挖14 braced sheet ing 支撑挡板七.深基础--deep foundation1. pile foun dati on 桩基础1)cast - in-place 灌注桩divi ng casti ng cast-i n-place pile boredpile 钻孔桩special-shaped cast-i n-place pile piles set into rock 嵌岩灌注桩最小)主应力孔压分布降低地下水位法井点系统(轻深井点真空井点沉管灌注桩机控异型灌注桩2)belled pier fou ndati on 钻孔墩基础rammed bulb pile 夯扩桩2)belled pier fou ndati on 钻孔墩基础drilled-pier foun datio n 钻孔扩底墩un der-reamed bored pier3)precast con crete pile 预制混凝土桩4)steel pile 钢桩steel pipe pile 钢管桩steel sheet pile 钢板桩5)prestressed con crete pile 预应力混凝土桩prestressed con crete pipe pile 预应力混凝土管桩2. caiss on foun dati on 沉井(箱)3. diaphragm wall 地下连续墙截水墙4. frictio n pile 摩擦桩5. e nd-beari ng pile 端承桩6. shaft 竖井;桩身7. wave equati on an alysis 波动方程分析8. pile caps 承台(桩帽)9. beari ng capacity of si ngle pile 单桩承载力teral pile load test 单桩横向载荷试验".ultimate lateral resista nee ofsi ngle pile 单桩横向极限承载力12. static load test of pile 单桩竖向静荷载试验13. vertical allowable load capacity 单桩竖向容许承载力14.low pile cap 低桩承台15. high-rise pile cap 高桩承台16. vertical ultimate uplift resista nee of si ngle pile 单桩抗拔极限承载力17. sile nt pili ng 静力压桩18. uplift pile 抗拔桩19. a nti-slide pile 抗滑桩20. pile groups 群桩21. efficie ncy factor of pile groups 群桩效率系数(n)22. efficie ncy of pile groups 群桩效应23. dy namic pile testi ng 桩基动测技术24. fi nal set 最后贯入度25. dy namic load test of pile 桩动荷载试验26. pile in tegrity test 桩的完整性试验27. pile head=butt 桩头28. pile tip=pile poin t=pile toe 桩端(头)29. pile spaci ng 桩距30. pile plan 桩位布置图31. arra ngeme nt of piles =pile layout 桩的布置32. group actio n 群桩作用33. e nd beari ng=tip resista nee 桩端阻34. sk in( side) fricti on=shaft resista nee 桩侧阻35. pile cushi on 桩垫36. pile drivi ng(by vibratio n)(振动)打桩37. pile pulli ng test 拔桩试验38. pile shoe 桩靴39. pile noise 打桩噪音40. pile rig 打桩机九.固结consolidation1. Terzzaghi ' s consolidation theory 太沙基固结理论2. Barraon ' s consolidation theory 巴隆固结理论3. Biot ' s consolidation theory 比奥固结理论4.over con solidation rati on (OCR) 超固结比5.overc on solidati on soil 超固结土6. excess pore water pressure 超孔压力7. multi-dime nsional con solidati on 多维固结8. on e-dime nsio nal con solidati on —维固结9. primary con solidatio n 主固结10. sec on dary con solidati on 次固结11. degree of con solidati on 固结度12. co nsolidation test 固结试验13. c on solidation curve 固结曲线14. time factor Tv 时间因子15. coefficie nt of con solidati on 固结系数16. preco nsolidatio n pressure 前期固结压力17. pri nciple of effective stress 有效应力原理18. co nsolidation un der K0 con dition K0 固结十.抗剪强度shear strength1. undrained shear stre ngth 不排水抗剪强度2. residual stre ngth 残余强度3.lo ng-term stre ngth 长期强度4. peak stre ngth 峰值强度5. shear strain rate 剪切应变速率6. dilatatio n 剪胀7. effective stress approach of shear stre ngth 剪胀抗剪强度有效应力法8. total stress approach of shear stre ngth 抗剪强度总应力法9. Mohr-Coulomb theory 莫尔一库仑理论10. a ngle of in ternal frictio n 内摩擦角".cohesion 粘聚力12. failure criterio n 破坏准则13. va ne stre ngth 十字板抗剪强度14. unconfined compressi on 无侧限抗压强度15. effective stress failure env elop 有效应力破坏包线16. effective stress stre ngth parameter 有效应力强度参数十—-.本构模型--constitutive model1. elastic model 弹性模型2. non li near elastic model 非线性弹性模型3. elastoplastic model 弹塑性模型4. viscoelastic model 粘弹性模型5. bo undary surface model 边界面模型6. Duncan-Chang model 邓肯—张模型7. rigid plastic model 刚塑性模型8. cap model盖帽模型9. work softe ning 加工软化10. work harde ning 加工硬化".Cambridge model 剑桥模型12.ideal elastoplastic model 理想弹塑性模型13. Mohr-Coulomb yield criterio n 莫尔—库仑屈服准则14. yield surface 屈服面15. elastic half-space fou ndatio n model 弹性半空间地基模型16. elastic modulus 弹性模量17. Wi nkler fou ndation model 文克尔地基模型十二.地基承载力--bearing capacity of foundation soil1. p un chi ng shear failure 冲剪破坏2. ge neral shear failure 整体剪切破化3.local shear failure 局部剪切破坏4. state of limit equilibrium 极限平衡状态5. critical edge pressure 临塑荷载6. stability of fou ndation soil 地基稳定性7. ultimate beari ng capacity of foun dati on soil 地基极限承载力8. allowable beari ng capacity of foun dati on soil 地基容许承载力十三.土压力--earth pressure1. active earth pressure 主动土压力2. passive earth pressure 被动土压力3. earth pressure at rest 静止土压力4. Coulomb' s earth pressure theory 库仑土压力理论5. Rankine ' s earth pressure theory 朗金土压力理论十四.土坡稳定分析--slope stability analysis1. a ngle of repose 休止角2. Bishop method 毕肖普法3. safety factor of slope 边坡稳定安全系数4. Felle nius method of slices 费纽伦斯条分法5.Swedish circle method 瑞典圆弧滑动法6. slices method 条分法十五.挡土墙--retaining wall1. stability of retai ning wall 挡土墙稳定性2. fou ndation wall 基础墙3. co un ter retai ning wall 扶壁式挡土墙4. ca ntilever retai ning wall 悬臂式挡土墙5. ca ntilever sheet pile wall 悬臂式板桩墙6. gravity retai ning wall 重力式挡土墙7. a nchored plate retai ning wall 锚定板挡土墙8. a nchored sheet pile wall 锚定板板桩墙十六.板桩结构物--sheet pile structure1. steel sheet pile 钢板桩2. rei nforced con crete sheet pile 钢筋混凝土板桩3. steel piles 钢桩4. woode n sheet pile 木板桩5. timber piles 木桩十七.浅基础--shallow foundation1. box foun datio n 箱型基础2. mat(raft) foun datio n 片筏基础3. strip foun dation 条形基础4. spread footi ng 扩展基础5. compe nsated foun dati on 补偿性基础6. beari ng stratum 持力层7. rigid foun dation 刚性基础8. flexible foun datio n 柔性基础9. embedded depth of fou ndati on 基础埋置深度10. net foun dati on pressure 基底附加应力11. structure-fo un dati on-soil in teractio n an alysis 上部结构一基础一地基共同作用分析十八.土的动力性质--dynamic properties of soils1. d yn amic stre ngth of soils 动强度2. wave velocity method 波速法3. material damp ing 材料阻尼4. geometric damp ing 几何阻尼5. dampi ng ratio 阻尼比6.i nitial liquefaction 初始液化7. n atural period of soil site 地基固有周期8. d yn amic shear modulus of soils 动剪切模量9. d yn amic ma二十.地基基础抗震1. earthquake engin eeri ng 地震工程2. soil dyn amics 土动力学3. duratio n of earthquake 地震持续时间4. earthquake resp onse spectrum 地震反应谱5. earthquake inten sity 地震烈度6. earthquake magn itude 震级7. seismic predo minant period 地震卓越周期8. maximum accelerati on of earthquake 二^一 .室内土工实验1. high pressure con solidati on test2. c on solidati on un der K0 con diti on地震最大加速度咼压固结试验固结试验K03. falli ng head permeability 变水头试验4. c on sta nt head permeability 常水头渗透试验12. sieve an alysis 筛分析13. geotech nical model test 土工模型试验14. ce ntrifugal model test 离心模型试验15. direct shear apparatus 直剪仪16. direct shear test 直剪试验17. direct simple shear test 直接单剪试验18. d yn amic triaxial test 三轴试验19. d yn amic simple shear 动单剪20. free ( resonance )vibration column test 自(共)振柱试验 二十二.原位测试1. sta ndard pen etration test (SPT) 标准贯入试验2. surface wave test (SWT) 表面波试验3. dy namic pen etration test(DPT) 动力触探试验4. static cone pen etration (SPT) 静力触探试验5. plate loadi ng test 静力荷载试验teral load test of pile 单桩横向载荷试验7. static load test of pile 单桩竖向荷载试验8. cross-hole test 跨孔试验9. screw plate test 螺旋板载荷试验10. pressuremeter test 旁压试验11.light sou nding 轻便触探试验12. deep settleme nt measureme nt 深层沉降观测13. va ne shear test 十字板剪切试验14. field permeability test 现场渗透试验15.1 n -situ pore water pressure measureme nt 原位孔隙水压量测 5. u nconsolidated-undrained triaxial test 6. c onsolidated undrained triaxial test 7. consolidated drained triaxial test8. c ompact ion test 击实试验 9. c on solidated quick direct shear test 10.quick direct shear test 快剪试验11. c on solidated drained direct shear test 不固结不排水试验(UU ) 固结不排水试验(CU ) 固结排水试验(CD ) 固结快剪试验 慢剪试验16.1 n-situ soil test 原位试验。