2019 年 06 月英语四级阅读真题(第二套)
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2019 年 06 ⽉真题（第⼆套）⼥性与领导⼒ Women andLeadership
According to the majority of Americans, women are every bit as capable
of being good as men.
The same can be said of their ability to dominate the corporate
boardroom.
And according to a new survey on women and
leadership, most Americans find women indistinguishable from men on
key leadership traits such as intelligence and capacity for innovation,
with many saying they're stronger than men in terms of being
passionate and organized leaders.
So why, then, are women in short supply at the top of government and
business in the United States?
According to the public, at least, it's not that they lack toughness,
management talent or proper skill sets.
It's also not all about work-life balance.
Although economic research and previous survey findings have shown
that career interruptions related to motherhood may make it harder for political leaders
⼤部分美国⼈认为，⼥性和男性⼀样有能⼒成为优秀的政治领袖。
同样的观点也适⽤于她们在掌控公司董事会的能⼒上。
Pew Research Center
并且⽪尤研究中⼼针对⼥性与领导⼒的⼀项新调查显示，⼤多数美国⼈认为在关键领导能⼒特质上，⼥性与男性是没有明显区别的⽐如智⼒和创新能⼒，有很多⼈表示，在领导者的⼯作热情和组织能⼒⽅⾯，⼥性强于男性。
那么为什么在美国的政府和企业中，缺乏位居顶层的⼥性呢？
在公众看来，⾄少不是因为⼥性缺乏韧性、管理才能或者适当的技能。
也不完全是因为⼯作和⽣活的平衡。women to advance in their careers and compete for top executive jobs,
relatively few adults in the recent survey point to this as a key barrier
for women seeking leadership roles.
Only about one-in-five say women's family responsibilities are a major
reason why there aren't more females in top leadership positions in
business and politics.
Instead, topping the list of reasons, about four-in-ten Americans point to
a for women seeking to climb to the highest levels of
either politics or business, where they have to do more than their male
counterparts to prove themselves.
Similar shares say the electorate and corporate America are just not
ready to put more women in top leadership positions.
As a result, the public is divided about whether the imbalance in
corporate America will change in the foreseeable future, even though
women have made major advances in the workplace.
While 53% believe men will continue to hold more top executive
positions in business in the future, 44% say it's only a matter of time
before as many women are in top executive positions as men.尽管经济研究和过去的调查结果显示与⽣育有关的职业中断使得⼥性在职业晋升和⾼管职位竞争中更加困难，但在近期的调查中，相对来说，很少有成年⼈将这看做⼥性在寻求领导职位时的关键障碍。
只有⼤约五分之⼀的⼈认为，在商业和政治领域没有更多⼥性占据⾼层领导位置，主要原因在于⼥性的家庭责任。
double standard
相反，在众多原因中，约⼗分之四的美国⼈认为，⼥性在寻求政治或商业上的最⾼职位时存在双重标准，在这些领域，她们必须⽐⾃⼰的男性对⼿付出更多来证明⾃⼰。
同样⽐例的⼈表示选⺠和美国企业只是没有准备好将更多的⼥性放在⾼层领导位置。
因此，关于在可预⻅的未来，对美国企业中这样的不平衡是否将改变，公众的意⻅发⽣了分歧，尽管⼥性在职场已经取得了重⼤的进步。
有 53% 的⼈相信未来在商业领域，男性将继续掌握更多⾼层领导位置，同时，有 44% 的
Americans are less doubtful when it comes to politics: 73% expect to see
a in their lifetime.⼈也表示实现⼥性和男性拥有同样多的⾼层领导位置只是时间的问题。
female president
美国⼈在政治⽅⾯的信⼼更⾜：73% 的⼈认为会在有⽣之年看到⼀位⼥性总统。
