商务英语名词解释

1 1 1. Budget—预算an account of probable future income and expenditure during a stated, period, usu. a year used as a guide in making financial arrangements. 2. Return—回报the gain from an investment, either as income or yield or as profit on the sale of the investment. 3. Portfolio—证券投资组合the entire collection of investments in the form of stocks, bonds, or certificate of deposits for purposes other than controlling 4. Royalty—专利税money paid to the owner of a copyright for permission to publish copyright material and to the owner of a patent for permission to use a patented design, usu. at a greed percentage of the selling price of the product. 5. Expertise—专门知识expert knowledge or skill, esp. in a particular field; know-how. 6. Licensor—认证颁发者a person or company granting a license. 7. Patent—专利权a special right to an inventor to be the only person to make and sell, or to authorize others to make and sell a newly-invented machine or process. 8. Non-tariff barrier—非贸易壁垒all forms of man-made obstructions to international trade other than tariffs, including prohibitions and quotas, etc. 9. Turnkey contract—交钥匙工程one in which one of the parties agrees to supply, at the contract price, a complete product ready for use, such as a new home, factory, ship, etc. 10. Franchise—经销权an arrangement by which a monopoly producer or owner gives another permission for the exclusive right to manufacture or sell the products in a certain area. 2 1. Purchasing power—购买力of persons, the public, having the money to buy goods and services. 2. Assess—估价to judge an amount or value. 3. spur—刺激to urge or encourage 4. average—平均of an ordinary, common or usual kind in quality or amount

2 5. Productive—多生产producing in high efficiency or in large quantity 6. tap—开发to take what is needed from, to exploit 7. Infrastructure—基础设施large-scale public services, such as water and power supplies, road, rail and radio communications, etc. needed to support economic activity, esp. industry, trade and commerce. 8. recipient—接受者a person or an organization etc. that receives something 9. consumerism—消费主义considerable desire to make purchase for consumption 10. PPP—购买力平价purchasing power parity 3 1 liberalization—自由化of trade, the act of government in lifting controls over imports and exports 2 integration—一体化combining into a whole 3 tariff—关税tax levied by the customs 4 barriers to trade—贸易壁垒any action by a government to limit or prevent the free flow of goods in and out of its country. 5 mobility—流动性capacity that can move or be moved easily and quickly from place to place. 6 detour—绕道route that voids a blocked road; deviation 7 banknote—纸币printed paper money issued by a bank, usu. the country’s central bank. 8 erode—侵蚀wear away, eat into 9 envisage—想象picture(an event, action, etc) in the mind as a future possibility; imagine 10 veto—否决权right to reject or forbid something 4 1 affiliate—分支机构a subsidiary company controlled by another

3 2 assets—资产total resources of a business, as cash, accounts receivable, real estates etc. 3 world company—全球公司a multinational whose national identity has been blurred 4 facilities—设施something designed, built or installed to serve a specific function or perform a particular service 5 revenue—收益the total annual income of a state 6 decentralize—使分权distribute the administrative powers over a less concentrated area 7 nationalize—收归国有to bring under the control or ownership of a nation 8 welfare—福利well-being 9 framework—行为准则organization structure 10 input—投资something that is put in business operation 5 1 service—服务something done to help or benefit others 2 abundant—大量的plentiful, more than enough 3 specialization—专业化to restrict one’s economic activities to certain particular fields 4 primary commodities—初级产品those commodities not processed, or only slightly processed, usually farm produce or raw materials 5 incentive—刺激that which incites, rouses or encourages a person 6 alternative—替代物that may be had, used etc. in place of sth. else 7 intuitive—直觉relating to the power of the immediate understanding of something without reasoning or study 8 efficient—有效的producing a desired or satisfactory result; able to perform duties well 9 endowment—天赋a natural gift or ability 10 exploit—利用to develop the use of, make the best use of

4 6 1 drawback—退税duties paid on imported goods that are refunded when re-exported 2 highlight—重视to make prominent; to draw special attention 3 bulky—庞大taking a lot of space, and often of a shape difficult to handle 4 perishable—易碎easily to go bad 5 tariff—关税duties imposed on goods imported and exported 6 specific duties—从量税duties levied on the basis of quantity, weight, size etc. of the goods 7 ad valorem duties—从价税duties levied on the basis of the price of the goods 8 unilaterally—单方面地done by one side or party only 9 maritime—海上connected with the sea or navigation 10 remittance—汇款money sent by post 7 1 law suit—诉讼案件legal prosecution 2 dispute—争端argument or controversy 3 remedy—纠正method of putting right something that is wrong 4 amendment—修正changes made to something 5 Incoterms—贸易术语a set of international rules for the interpretation of trade terms 6 present—提交submit 7 premise—前提a tract of land including its buildings 8 heading—标题category 9 classification—分类the arrangement of things by groups 10 carriage—运费the price or cost of transportation