《财务会计学》课后习题及答案
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《财务会计》习题及参照答案一、判断题(正确的在括号后打“√”错误的在括号后打“×”)1.在进行现金查对时,库存现金实有数,包含借条、收条等在内,一定与现金日志帐的帐面余额相切合。
(×)2.同城或异地的商品交易,劳务供给均可采纳银行本票方式进行结算。
(×)3.我国的会计核算以人民币为记账簿位币,所以,公司的现金是指库存的人民币现金,不包含外币。
(×)4.带息应收单据应于收到或开出或承兑时,以其票面金额与应计利息的合计数入帐。
(×)5.全部应收款项均可早先估计坏帐损失。
(×)6.公司对于已转为坏帐损失的应收帐款已放弃了追索权。
(×)7.已确认并已转销的坏帐损失,此后又回收的,仍旧应经过“应收帐款”科目核算,并冲减“坏帐正确”科目。
(√)8.公司按年终应收帐款余额的必定比率计算出的坏帐准备,等于年终计入“管理费用——坏帐损失”科目的金额。
(×)9.预支货款能够在“对付帐款”科目核算,所以,预支货款能够减少公司的欠债。
(×)10.公司发生的预支货款业务也可不经过“预支帐款”科目,而在“对付帐款”科目中进行核算,但在会计期末编制报表时应将二者分开报告。
(√)11.应收单据贴现的的实收金额必定小于单据面值。
(×)12.单据贴现所得必定小于单据面值。
(×)13.“预支帐款”科目的贷方登记公司收到订购物件时应结转的预支款项。
(√)14.存货是指已经达成所有生产过程并查收入库可对外销售的产品。
(×)15.所有公司采买存货时支付的增值税不得记入存货成本。
(×)16.帐面结存法下按期或不按期的清点,目的是查对帐实,而不是获得存货的实质结存数。
(√)17.生产过程顶用于包装产品作为产品构成部分的包装物的价值应构成产品的生产成本。
(√)18.公司购进原资料已查收入库,但结算凭证还没有抵达,货款还没有支付,则月底应将这批资料按暂估价入帐,待下月收到结算凭证并支付货款时,将其实质采买成本与暂估价的差额记入“资料成本差异”科目。
第九章非流动负债一、单项选择题(一)要求:下列各小题的4个备选答案中,只有1个是正确的,请您将正确答案的字母序号填入每小题后面的“()”内。
(二)题目:1、下列账户中,用于生产周转的长期借款的利息,应借记的账户是(A)。
A、财务费用B、管理费用C、销售费用D、长期借款2、借款费用准则中的“专门借款”是指(A)。
A、为购建或者生产符合资本化条件的资产而专门借入的款项B、发行债券借款C、技术改造借款D、生产周转借款3、下列项目中,不属于借款费用的项目是( B )。
A、借款过程中发生的承诺费B、发行公司债券发生的折价C、外币借款发生的汇兑损失D、发行公司债券溢价的摊销【解析】发行公司债券发生的折价或溢价不属于借款费用,债券折价或溢价的摊销属于借款费用。
4、下列各项中,不属于或有事项的特征的是( B )。
A、由未来事项来决定B、可以确认为资产或负债C、结果具有不确定性D、由过去的交易或事项形成5、下列有关“预计负债”账户的表述中,不正确的是:该账户的( C )。
A、贷方登记按规定的预计项目和金额确认的预计负债B、借方登记预计负债发生并实际偿付的金额C、期末借方余额,反映已预计但尚未实际发生并偿付的债务D、明细账应按预计负债项目设置,如产品质量保证、亏损合同、固定资产弃置义务等6、下列符合资本化条件的资产所发生的借款费用在予以资本化时,要与资产支出相挂钩的是( C )。
A.专门借款利息B.专门借款的溢价摊销C.一般借款利息D.外币专门借款的汇兑差额7、在确定借款费用资本化金额时,资本化期间与专门借款有关的利息收入应( D )。
A、计入营业外收入B、计入当期的财务费用C、计入投资收益D、冲减借款费用资本化的金额8、下列在建工程连续超过3个月中断的原因中,不应暂停借款费用资本化的是(D )。
A.由于资金周转困难而造成B.由于劳务纠纷而造成C.由于发生安全事故而造成D.由于可预测的气候影响而造成9、债券折价发行是由于(A)。
课后习题Chapter1随堂练习:1—24 1—25课后练习:1—32Chapter2随堂练习:2—35 2—38课后练习:2—36Chapte3随堂练习:3—18 3—21 3—27 3—30 3—31 3—37 3—39课后练习:3—36Chapte4随堂练习:4—28 4—29 4—30 4—35课后练习:4—42Chapter5随堂练习:5—37 5—38 5—39 5—41课后练习:5—58Chapter6随堂练习:6—316—536—62课后练习:6—346—406—54 256页problem 1 & 2 (此答案书后有)6—846—86Chapter7随堂练习:7—42 7—43 7—58课后练习:7—28Chapter8随堂练习:8—33 8—32课后练习:8—44Chapter9随堂练习:9—26 9—28 9—29 9—45 9—57课后练习:9—49 9—58Chapter10 :无Chapter11随堂练习:11—52课后练习:11—43 11—46 11—47Chapter12随堂练习:12—2712—28课后练习:12—3112—4012—41备注:标注有红色的题号都是可以找到答案的题,其余的习题没答案,没答案的题可以借阅平时上课做了笔记的同学。
希望大家期末都努力复习争取取得好的成绩!加油!O(∩_∩)O习题答案Chapter11-24ALBANY CORPORATIONBalance SheetMarch 31, 20X1Liabilities andAssets Stockholders' EquityCash $ 6,000 (a) Liabilities:Accounts receivable 14,000 Accounts payable $ 11,000 (f) Notes receivable 2,000 Notes payable 10,000 Merchandise inventory 43,000 (b) Long-term debt 32,000 (g) Furniture and fixtures 2,000 (c) Total liabilities 53,000 Machinery and equipment 27,000 (d) Stockholders' equity:Land 31,000 (e) Paid-in capital 92,000 (h) Building 20,000Total $145,000 Total $145,000(a) Cash: 10,000 + 1,000 – 5,000 = 6,000(b) Merchandise inventory: 40,000 + 3,000 = 43,000(c) Furniture and fixtures: 3,000 – 1,000 = 2,000(d) Machinery and equipment: 15,000 + 12,000 = 27,000(e) Land: 6,000 + 25,000 = 31,000(f) Accounts payable: 8,000 + 3,000 = 11,000(g) Long-term debt: 12,000 + 20,000 = 32,000(h) Paid-in capital: 80,000 + 12,000 = 92,000Note: Event 5 requires no change in the balance sheet.1-25BROADWAY CORPORATIONBalance SheetNovember 30, 20X1Liabilities andLiabilities andAssets Stockholders’ EquityCash $ 13,000 (a) Liabilities:Accounts receivable 16,000 (b) Accounts payable $ 10,000 (e) Notes receivable 8,000 Notes payable 31,000 (f) Merchandise inventory 29,000 Long-term debt 119,000 (g) Furniture and fixtures 8,000 Total liabilities 160,000 Machinery and equip. 34,000 (c) Stockholders’ equity:Land 35,000 (d) Paid-in Capital 213,000 (h)Building 230,000Total $373,000 Total $373,000(a) Cash: 22,000 – 6,000 – 3,000 = 13,000(b) Accounts receivable: 10,000 + 6,000 = 16,000(c) Machinery and equipment: 20,000 + 14,000 = 34,000(d) Land: 41,000 – 6,000 = 35,000(e) Accounts payable: 16,000 – 6,000 = 10,000(f) Notes payable: 20,000 + (14,000 – 3,000) = 31,000(g) Long-term debt: 142,000 – 23,000 = 119,000(h) Paid-in capital: 190,000 + 23,000 = 213,000Note: Event 4 requires no change in the balance sheet.Chapter2(无答案)Chapter33-36(30-45 min.) A nswers are in thousands of dollars.1. a. Inventory 550Accounts payable 550 Acquisition of inventoriesb. Accounts receivable 800Sales 800 Sales on accountc. Cost of goods sold 440Inventory 440 Cost of inventory soldd. Cash 80Note payable 80 Borrowed from a supplier onJune 1, 20X8. Four-year note,interest at 15%, and principalpayable at end of four yearse. Prepaid rent 25Cash 25 Paid rent in advancef. Wages expense 165Cash 165 Paid wagesg. Miscellaneous expenses 76Cash 76 Paid miscellaneous expensesh. Note receivable 20Cash 20 Loan to office manager one-yearnote, 10 % interesti. Cash 691Accounts receivable 691Collections on accountsj. Accounts payable 471Cash 471 Payments on accountsk. Rent expense 26Prepaid rent 26 To reduce prepaid rent to $3,000l. Depreciation expense 6Accumulated depreciation,store equipment 6 Depreciation for the year 19X8m. Wages expense 6Cash 6 Adjustment for wagesn. Interest expense 7Cash 7 Adjustment: .15 x $80,000 x 7/12o. Cash 1Interest revenue 1 Adjustment: .10 x $20,000 x 6/122.A ccumulated Depreciation,Wages Expense Miscellaneous Expense(g) 76* Balance 12/31/X7** Balance 12/31/X83. CANSECO GA RDENSTrial BalanceDecember 31, 20X8Debits Credits Cash $ 24Accounts receivable 146Note receivable 20Inventory 241Prepaid rent 3Store equipment 60Accumulated depreciation,store equipment $ 30 Accounts payable 190Note payable 80Paid-in capital 40Retained income 79Sales 800Interest revenue 1Cost of goods sold 440Rent expense 26Depreciation 6Interest expense 7Miscellaneous expenses 76Wages expense 171Total $1,220 $1,220Chapter4(无答案)Chapter55-391. Gross sales $650,000*Deduct:Sales returns and allowances $30,000Cash discounts on sales 20,000 50,000Net sales $600,000 *$600,000 + $20,000 + $30,000 = $650,0002. (a) Accounts receivable 650,000Sales revenue 650,000(b) Sales returns and allowances 30,000Accounts receivable 30,000(c) Cash 600,000Cash discounts on sales 20,000Accounts receivable 620,0005-58(20 min.)Note that the data provide four years of experience to use in calculating the properpercentage. Sales and ending accounts receivable from 20X1 through20X4 are matched with write-offs for 20X2 through 20X5.1. Bad debt write-offs as a percentage of sales provides the amount to be added tothe allowance account. Bad debt write-offs as a percentage of sales are:($12,500 + $14,000 + $16,500 + $17,600)/($680,000 + $750,000 + $750,000 +$850,000) = $60,600/$3,030,000 = 2%Bad debt expense, 20X5 = 2% x $850,000 = $17,000Ending balance, allowance for uncollectible accounts= Beginning balance +bad debt expense– bad de = $16,000 + $17,000 – $17,600= $15,4005-58 (continued)Use of T-accounts might help:2. The percentage of ending accounts receivable method provides the desiredbalance in the allowance account. The allowance account balance, as apercentage of ending accounts receivable, should be calculated asfollows:($12,500 + $14,000 + $16,500 + $17,600)/($90,000 + $97,000 + $103,000 + $114,000)= $60,600/$404,000 = 15%Ending balance, allowance for uncollectible accounts, 20X5 = 15% x $112,000 =$16,800Beginning + bad debt –bad d balance expense write $16,000 +bad debt –$17,600 = $expenseBad debt expense = $16,800 + $17,600 – $16,000 = $18,400The critical issue is to realize the allowance balance before the bad debt expense entry isthe beginning balance of $16,000 less the write-offs of $17,600; a debitbalance of 1,600. The expense must bring this balance to zero and thencreate the required $16,800 credit balanceChapter 66-31PRA G’s JEWELRY WHOLESA LERSStatement of Gross ProfitFor the Year Ended December 31, 20X8(In Thousands)Gross sales $1,000 Deduct: Sales returns and allo wances $40 Cash discounts on sales 5 45Net sales 955Cost of goods sold:Inv entory, December 31, 20X7 $103A dd: Gross purchases $650Deduct: Purchase returnsand allo wances $27Cash discounts on purchases 6 33Net purchases 617A dd Freight-in 50Cost of merchandise acquired 667Cost of goods av ailable for sale 770Deduct: Inv entory, December 31, 19X8 170 Cost of goods sold 600 Gross profit $355 6-34 (10-15 min.)Cost of Goods A vailable = £21,300(8,000 + 4,200 + 4,400 + 2,300 + 2,400)L I F O E n d i n g I n v e n t o r y=(4,000@£2)+(1,500@£2.10)=£11,150FIFO Ending Inventory = 1,000 @ 2.40 =1,000 @ 2.30 = 2,3002,000 @ 2.20 = 4,4001,500 @ 2.10 = 3,1505,500 £12,250 Weighted av erage = £= £Ending inventory 5,500 @ £2.13 = £11,715Cost of Goods Sold Calculation:LIFO FIFO A verage Goods av ailable £21,300 £21,300 £21,300 Less Ending Inv entory (11,150) (12,250) (11,715) Cost of Goods Sold £10,150 £ 9,050 £ 9,585 6-40(10-15 min.)Compound entries could be prepared. (A mounts are in millions.)a. Sales returns and allowances 5Cash discounts on sales 8A ccounts receivable 226Sales 239b. Cost of goods sold 157Purchase returns and allowances 6Cash discounts on purchases 1Inventory 25Purchases 125Freight-in 14c. Inventory 40Cost of goods sold 40d. Other expenses 80Cash 80 6-53(15-25 min.)Under the FIFO cost-flow assumption, the periodic and perpetual procedures giv e identical results. The ending inv entory will be v alued on the basis of the last purchases during the period.Units $Beginning Inv entory 110 550Purchases 290 2,050Goods av ailable 400 2,600Units sold 255 1,485**Units in ending Inv entory145 1,115** 145 units remain in ending inv entory100 will be v alued at the $8 cost from the October 21 purchase and the remaining 45 will be v alued at the $7 cost from the May 9 purchase100 x $8 = $ 80045 x $7 = 315$1,115 Ending inv entory** Reconciliation: Cost of Goods Sold:255 Units: 110 x $5 = $ 55080 x $6 = 48065 x $7 = 455$1,4856-54 (30-35 min.)1. Gross profit percentage = $1,200,000 ÷ $3,000,000 = 40%Inventory turnover = $1,800,000 ÷2000, 550000,650$= 3 times2. Inv entory turnov er = $1,800,000 ÷ $450,000 = 4 times, a 1/3 increase in turnov er.3. With a lower av erage inv entory and constant turnover, cost of sales must fall. T o t alcost of goods sold = $450,000 x 3 = $1,350,000. To achiev e a gross profit of$1,200,000, total sales must be $1,350,000 + $1,200,000, or $2,550,000. The grossprofit percentage must be $1,200,000 ÷ $2,550,000 = 47.1%. Requirements 2 & 3sho w that if inv entory levels are reduced y ou must increase either turnover ormargins to maintain profitability.4. Summary (computations are sho wn belo w):Succeeding YearGiv en Year 4a 4b Sales $3,000,000 $2,892,857 $3,093,750Cost of goods sold 1,800,000 1,620,000 1,980,000 Gross profit $1,200,000 $1,272,857 $1,113,750a. New gross profit percentage, 40% + .10(40%) = 44%New inv entory turnover, 3 – .10(3) = 2.7New cost of goods sold, $600,000 x 2.7 = $1,620,000New sales = $1,620,000 ÷ (1 – .44)= $1,620,000 ÷ .56= $2,892,857Note that this is a more profitable alternative, assuming that the gross profitpercentage and the turnover can be achiev ed. In contrast, alternative 4b is lessattractiv e than the original 40% gross profit and turnover of 3.b. New gross profit percentage, 40% – .10(40%) = 36%New inv entory turnover, 3 + .10(3) = 3.3New cost of goods sold, $600,000 x 3.3 = $1,980,000New sales = $1,980,000 ÷ (1 .36)= $1,980,000 ÷ .64= $3,093,7505. Retailers find these ratios (and variations thereof) helpful for a v ariety of operatingdecisions, too many to enumerate here. A n obvious help is the quantify ing of theoptions facing management regarding what and how much inv entory to carry, andwhat pricing policies to follo w. You may want to stress that this analy sis ig n o res o n ebenefit of higher turnover—the firm reduces its inv estment in inv entory and reducesstorage and display requirements.6-84(15-20 min.)1.A n understatement of ending inventories overstates cost of goods sold andunderstates taxable income by $500,000. Taxes evaded would be .40 x $500,000 =$200,000.2.This news story provides a good illustration of why a basic knowledge ofaccounting is helpful in understanding the business press. The news story isincomplete or misleading in one important respect. The business owner'sunderstated ending inventory becomes the understated beginning inventory of thenext y ear. If no other manipulations occur, the owner will understate cost of go odssold during the next y ear, overstate taxable income, and pay an extra $200,000 inincome taxes. Thus, the owner will have postponed pay ing income taxes for oneyear, pay ing no interest on the money "borrowed" from the government.To continue to evade the $200,000 of income taxes of y ear one, the endinginventory of the second year must be understated by $500,000 again. Ho wev er, ifonly the $500,000 understatement persists y ear after y ear, the owner is enjoy ing aperpetual loan of $200,000 (based on a 40% tax rate) from the government. Datafollow (in dollars):6-84 (continued)Honest Reporting Dishonest ReportingFirst Year Second Year First Year Second Year Beginning inventory 3,000,000 2,500,000 3,000,000 2,000,000 Purchases 10,000,000 10,000,000 10,000,000 10,000,000 Available for sale 13,000,000 12,500,000 13,000,000 12,000,000 Ending inventory 2,500,000 2,500,000 2,000,000 2,000,000 Cost of goods sold 10,500,000 10,000,000 11,000,000 10,000,000 Income tax savings @ 40% 4,200,000 4,000,000 4,400,000 4,000,000 Income tax savings fortwo y ears together 8,200,000 8,400,000 Some students may incorrectlycumulative effect. You may wish to emphasize that the second y ear has the samecost of goods sold in each column, because in the "dishonest" case bothbeginning and ending inventory are understated by the same amount. To evadean additional $200,000 of income taxes in the second year, the ending inventorymust be understated by $1,000,000 (not $500,000) in the second y ear.6–86(35-45 min.) A mounts are in millions.Inventory Calculation1. Beginning + Purchases – Sales = Ending658 + Purchases – 6,746 = 1,232Purchases = 6,746 – 658 + 1,232Purchases = $7,3202. Turnover = Cost of sales ÷ average inventory Turnover = $6,746 ÷ ($1,232 + $658) ÷ 2 = $6,746 ÷ $945 = 7.143. Gross MarginSales$18,928$6,746 $18,928 -= .64 2000$12,1734,259$ $12,173-= .65 1999489,8$924,2$ 489,8$ -= .66 1998The gross margin has fallen slightly over the three y ears.Gross margins for Cisco are high. This is because of the industry . Software and technology innovations are expensive to develop but inexpensive to produce and distribute. Note that costs of creating these products are largely research and development, and these costs are accounted for as operating expenses in the year incurred.Chapater77-28(10-15 min.) You may want to use T-accounts too.1. Depreciation expense, equipment 160,000Accumulated depreciation, equipment 160,000 To record annual depreciation:($880,000-$80,000) ÷ 5 = $160,0002. Cash 160,000Accumulated depreciation,equipment 80,000Equipment 220,000Gain on sale of equipment 20,000 To record sale of equipment:Cash proceeds $160,000Original cost $220,000Accumulated depre-ciation, 2 x $40,000 = 80,000Book value (or carryingamount) 140,000Gain on sale $ 20,0003. Cash 110,000Accumulated depreciation,equipment 80,000 Loss on sale of equipment 30,000 Equipment 220,000 To record sale of equipment:Cash proceeds $110,000Book value (see above) 140,000Loss on sale $ 30,0007-58(25-35 min.) A mounts in table are in thousands of dollars.1. Zero Income Taxes2. 40% IncomeTaxesStraight-line Accelerated Straight-line AcceleratedDepreciation Depreciation Depreciation Depreciation Revenues 900 900 900 900 Cash operating expenses 600 600 600 600 Cash provided by operationsbefore income taxes 300 300 300 300 Depreciation expense 50 100 50 100 Operating income 250 200 250 200 Income tax expense ––100 80 Net income 250 200 150 120 Supplementary analysis:Cash provided by operationsbefore income taxes 300 300 300 300 Income tax payments ––100 80 Net cash provided byoperations 300 300 200 220 3. By itself, depreciation expense does not provide cash. This point is illustrated bypart 1 that compares the amounts shown before taxes. Note that the cashprovided by operations (and the ending cash balances) are exactly the same. Nomatter what depreciation expense is allocated to the year (whether $50,000,$100,000, or zero), the $300,000 cash provided by operations and the ending cashwill be unaffected.Examine part 2, that compares amounts after taxes. A gain, by itself, depreciationdoes not affect the cash inflow provided by operations. However, depreciationdoes affect the cash outflow for income taxes. The use of accelerateddepreciation results in a strange combination of showing less net income butconserving more cash. The accelerated method shows net income of $120,000(compared with $150,000 using straight-line), but accelerated shows a netincrease in cash provided by operations (less income taxes) of $220,000(compared with $200,000 using straight-line). A ccordingly, the final cash balanceis $20,000 higher for accelerated than for straight-line.4. Journal entries (not required) may clarify the effects:Depreciation expense 50,000 moreAccumulated depreciation 50,000 moreIncome tax expense 20,000 lessCash 20,000 less7-58 (continued)The reduction of retained income would be $150,000 – $120,000. That is, net income(and hence retained income) would be $30,000 lower. In summary:Cash, increase by tax savings, .40 x $50,000 = $20,000Accumulated depreciation, increased by $50,000Operating income, decrease by $50,000Income tax expense, decrease by $20,000Retained income, decrease by $30,0005. The doubling of depreciation would cause net income to decrease but in theabsence of tax effects would have no effect on cash provided by operations:Straight-line AcceleratedDepreciation DepreciationBefore Doubled Before Doubled Revenues 900 900 900 900 Cash operating expenses 600 600 600 600 Cash provided by operations 300 300 300 300 Depreciation expense 50 100 100 200 Income before income taxes 250 200 200 100 Income tax expense ----Net income 250 200 220 100Chapater88-32(10-15 min.)1. Claims Distribution of ProceedsFirst mortgage bondspayable $13,000,000 In full $13,000,000 Accounts payable 3,000,000 3/8 of remainder* 2,250,000 Unsubordinated debentures 5,000,000 5/8 of remainder* 3,750,000 Total claims $21,000,000 Total distribution $19,000,000 * Total general unsecured claims = $3,000,000 + $5,000,000 = $8,000,000,so remaining proceeds of $19,000,000 – $13,000,000, or $6,000,000, will besplit 3/8, 5/8, or 75 cents per dollar of claim ($6,000,000 ÷ 8,000,000).2. Claims Distribution of ProceedsFirst mortgage bondspayable $13,000,000 In full $13,000,000 Accounts payable 3,000,000 In full 3,000,000 Subordinated debentures 5,000,000 Remainder 3,000,000 Total claims $21,000,000 Total distribution $19,000,000 Ordinary trade creditors have than subordinatedholders who would now receive only 60 cents per dollar of claim.If only $14.5 million cash becomes available, the first mortgage holders would get$13 million, the trade creditors would receive $1.5 million (only 50 cents for eachdollar claimed), and the holders of subordinated debentures would receivenothing.8-33(10 min.) A mounts are in millions.1. Income tax expense 4,045Income taxes payable 1,904Deferred income taxes 2,141 To record income tax expense.Income taxes payable 1,904Cash 1,904 To record payment of income taxes.These two transactions could have been combined:Income tax expense 4,045Deferred income taxes 2,141Cash 1,904 To record income tax expense and payments.2. The deferred tax liability increases by $4,045 $1,904 = $2,141.8-44 (15-25 min.)1. Debt to Equity Ratios1999 1992AT&T $90,479 ÷ $78,927 = 1.15 $17,122 ÷ $20,313 = .84 MICRON $ 3,001 ÷ $3,964 = .76 $ 213 ÷ $ 511 = .42 AMGEN $ 1,054 ÷ $ 3,024 = .35 $ 440 ÷ $ 934 = .472. AT&T is a large company with well-established credit reputations and largeamounts of fixed assets to use as collateral for debt. Earnings are relativelystable. Therefore, A T&T has the ability to borrow large amounts, as shown bythe high debt-to-equity ratio.In contrast, Micron Technologies and A mgen are newer, smaller companies involatile high-tech industries. They have not yet established the credit worthinessto borrow as much as A T&T.3. Each company's ratio changes over the seven-year period, but the direction is notconsistent. Thus, the changes appear more idiosyncratic than economy driven.Particularly for small firms such as MICRON and AMGEN, a single new issue ofdebt or equity can have a large immediate effect on the ratios.Chapter99-26(10-20 min.)1. a. PV = $20,000(.6830) = $13,660b. PV = $20,000(.4823) = $ 9,6462. The annual rates would be halved and the periods doubled. Present valuesdecline:a. PV = $20,000(.6768) = $13,536b. PV = $20,000(.4665) = $ 9,3303. Present values rise because the money is repaid more quickly:a. PV = $5,000(3.1699) = $15,849.50b. PV = $5,000(2.5887) = $12,943.509-28(10-15 min.)1. Equipment 394,000Cash 100,000Contract payable (or note payable) 294,000 Equipment is capitalized at its cash-equivalent cost.2. The imputed interest rate makes the present value of the payments equal to thecash price:DM100,000 + (DM400,000 x (4-year, Y% factor in Table 9-2)) = 394,000Factor = (DM394,000 DM100,000) ÷ DM400,000 = .7350From the 4-year row of Table 9-2, Y = 8%Year 1 Interest expense 23,520Contract payable 23,520 .08 x DM294,000 = DM23,520Year 2 Interest expense 25,402Contract payable 25,402 .08 x (DM294,000 + 23,520) =.08 x DM317,520 = DM25,4029-29(15-20 min.)1. Equipment 416,990Cash 100,000Contract payable, current 68,301Contract payable, long-term 248,689 Equipment is capitalized at its cash-equivalent cost of $100,000 plus thepresent value of the contract:PV = $100,000(3.1699) = $316,990Analysis of first installment:Total amount $100,000Interest portion, .10 x $316,990 = 31,699Principal portion, current liability $ 68,301Total contract payable $316,990Current liability 68,301Long-term portion $248,2892. Interest expense 31,699Contract payable, current 68,301Cash 100,000 To record interest expense andreduction of principal.Contract payable, long-term 75,131Contract payable, current portion 75,131 To reclassify current liability oflong-term debt as short-term debt.Analysis of second installment:Total amount $100,000Interest portion,.10 x ($316,990 – $68,301)or .10 x $248,689 = 24,869Principal portion current liability $ 75,3119-45 (25-35 min.)Analysis of Bond Transactions (In Thousands of Norwegian Kroner)A = L + SECashBonds Payable Discount on Bonds Payable Retained Incomea. Issuance7,881=+10,000 –2,119b. First semi-annual interest– 500* =+ 52 – 552** ⎥⎥⎦⎤⎢⎢⎣⎡Expense Interest Increasec. Maturity value–10,000 = –10,000 Bond related totals***–12,119 =0 0 –12,119* NKR10,000,000 x 10% x 1/2 ** NKR7,881,000 x 14% x 1/2*** Twenty semi-annual payments of NKR500 plus repayment of NKR2,119 in excessof the original borrowing. 2. Sample Journal Entries Bond Transactions (In Thousands of Norwegian Kroner)a. Cash 7,881 Discount on bonds payable 2,119 Bonds payable 10,000To record proceeds upon issuance of 10%bonds maturing on December 31, 2015. b. Interest expense 552 Discount on bonds payable 52 Cash 500To record amortization of discount and payment of interest.c. Bonds payable 10,000Cash 10,000 To record payment of maturity valueof bonds and their retirement.3. When presented on balance sheets, unamortized discounts are deducted fromthe face value of the related bonds (in thousands):December 31, 2005 June 30, 2006Bonds payable, 10% due December 31, 2015 NKR10,000 NKR10,000 Deduct: Discount on bonds payable 2,119 2,067* Net liability NKR 7,881 NKR 7,933* 2,119 – 52 = 2,0679-49(20-40 min.)1. To compute the gain or loss, first calculate the net liability at December 31, 2001:Face amount $20,000,000Proceeds 17,880,800 * Discount at issuance 2,119,2006/30/01 discount amortization (51,656) ** 12/31/01 discount amortization (55,272) †Bond discount unamortized at 12/31/01 $ 2,012,272 * ($1,200,000 x 10.5940) + ($20,000,000 x .2584)** (7% x $17,880,800) – (6% x $20,000,000)†(7% x ($17,880,800 + $51,656)] - (6% x $20,000,000)The net liability is the face amount less the discount:Face amount $20,000,000 Bond discount unamortized at 12/31/01 2,012,272 Net liability at 12/31/01 $17,987,728 The amount by which the cash payment for the debentures exceeds the netliability is the loss on early extinguishment. A mounts are in thousands:Cash payment $19,000Net liability at 12/31/01 17,988Loss on early extinguishment of debt $ 1,0129-49 (continued) 2. Analysis of Early Extinguishment of Debt (In Thousands of Dollars)A =L+ SEIssuer's Record Cash = Bonds Payable Discount on Bonds PayableRetained IncomeRedemption,December 31, 2001 –19,000= –20,000+2,012⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡Discount Decrease –1,012 ⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡ment Extinguish Early on Loss 3. Journal Entry(In Thousands)Issuer's RecordsDecember 31, 2001 Bonds payable 20,000 Loss on early extinguishment of debt 1,012 Discount on bonds payable 2,012 Cash 19,000To record open-market acquisition of entire issue of 12% bonds for $19 million. 4. A gain arises if the bond is extinguished for less than the carrying value,$17,987,728 – $500,000 gives a price of $17,487,728.9-57 (20-30 min.)Some instructors may prefer to (a) ask students to prepare entries for two years only here and (b) also assign the next problem. 1. PV A = $40,000 x A nnuity Factor for 3 years at 18% = $40,000 x 2.1743= $86,9722. Equipment leasehold 86,972Lease liability, current*24,345Lease liability, long-term 62,627 To record capital lease.Analysis of first installment:Total amount $40,000Interest, .18 x $86,972 15,655Principal portion, current liability $24,345Total liability $86,972Current liability 24,345Long-term liability $62,627Entry for straight-line amortization of the asset for each of three years: Amortization of equipment leasehold 28,991 Equipment leasehold 28,991 To record straight-line amortization:$86,972 ÷ 3 = $28,991.Lease Payments and Liability ReclassificationsYear OneInterest expense 15,655Lease liability, current 24,345 Cash 40,000 To record interest expense andreduction of liability.Lease liability, long term 28,727 Lease liability, current 28,727 To reclassify next installment oflong-term debt as short-term debt.Analysis of second installment:Total $40,000Interest portion:.18 x ($86,972 – $24,345)= .18 x $62,627 = 11,273 Principal portion, current liability $28,727Total liability $62,627Current liability 28,727Long-term liability $33,9009-57 (continued)Year TwoInterest expense 11,273Lease liability, current 28,727Cash 40,000 To record interest expense andreduction of liability.Lease liability, long-term 33,900Lease liability, current 33,900 To reclassify next installmentof long-term debt as short-term debt.Year ThreeInterest expense 6,100Lease liability, current 33,900Cash 40,000Analysis of third installment:Total amount $40,000Interest, .18 x $33,900 6,102Principal $33,898** Rounding causes this amount to differ from the $33,900 liability. These roundingerrors occur because the present value tables are carried to four places only rather thanto five or more places. This rounding causes the present value of the lease to be rounded at its inception.。
财务会计学参考答案(人大第5版)2010第2章P54练习题1、银行存款余额调节表2009年3月31日项目金额项目金额银行日记账余额加:银已收企未收减:银已付企未付165974 10900 115 1714 银行对账单余额加:企已收银未收减:企已付银未付180245 8000 13200 调节后余额175045 调节后余额1750452题、(1)5.2 借:其他货币资金-外埠存款400000 贷:银行存款400000(2)5.8 借:其他货币资金-银行汇票存款1500 贷:银行存款15000(3)5.19 借:原材料300000 应交税费51000 贷:其他货币资金-外埠存款351000(4)5.20 借:原材料10000 应交税费1700 贷:其他货币资金-银行汇票存款11700(5)5.21 借:银行存款49000 贷:其他货币资金-外埠存款49000 (6)5.22 借:银行存款3300 贷:其他货币资金-银行汇票存款33003 题、2009.5.3销售时借:应收账款-乙企业66690 贷:主营业务收入57000 应交税费-应交增值税(销项税额)9690 2009.5.18收到货款时借:银行存款66023.1 财务费用666.9 贷:应收账款-乙企业66690 2009.5.19退货100件借:主营业务收入11400 应交税费-应交增值税(销项税额)1938 贷:银行存款13204.62 财务费用133.384 题、2009年末借:资产减值损失-坏账损失10000 贷:坏账准备10000 2010年发生坏账时借:坏账准备4000 贷:应收账款4000 2010年末借:资产减值损失-坏账损失8000 贷:坏账准备8000 2011年发生坏账时借:坏账准备20000 贷:应收账款20000 2011年收回坏账借:应收账款3000 贷:坏账准备3000 同时借:银行存款3000 贷:应收账款3000 2011年末借:资产减值损失-坏账损失12000 贷:坏账准备12000第3章存货第4章P95练习题1(1)借:在途物资–甲材料10300 应交税费-应交增值税(进项税额)1700 贷:银行存款12000 (2)借:原材料-甲材料10300 贷:在途物资-甲材料10300 (3)借:在途物资-乙材料31458 -丙材料20972 应交税费-应交增值税(进项税额)8570 贷:银行存款61000 (4)借:原材料-乙材料31458 -丙材料20972 贷:在途物资-乙材料31458 -丙材料20972 (5)借:在途物资-甲材料20000 应交税费-应交增值税(进项税额)3400 贷:银行存款23400 (6)借:原材料-乙材料9000 贷:在途物资-乙材料9000 (7)借:原材料-丁材料30000 贷:应付账款30000 下月初借:原材料-丁材料30000 贷:应付账款300004 (1)2009年末借:资产减值损失-存货跌价损失5000 贷:存货跌价准备5000 (2)2010年末借:资产减值损失-存货跌价损失3000 贷:存货跌价准备3000 (3)2011年末借:存货跌价准备5000 贷:资产减值损失-存货跌价损失5000 (4)2012年末借:存货跌价准备3000 贷:资产减值损失-存货跌价损失30005(补充):原材料按计划成本核算某工业企业为增值税一般纳税企业,材料按计划成本计价核算。
财务会计学教材课后练习答案(第11、12、13、14章)第⼗⼀章收⼊、费⽤与利润第1题:(1)2007.12.5:借:银⾏存款 180万贷:预收账款 180万借:发出商品 380万贷:库存商品 380万2007.12.31不确认收⼊2008.1.31:借:预收账款 702万贷:主营业务收⼊ 600万应交税费-应缴增值税(销项税额) 102万借:主营业务成本 380万贷:发出商品 380万(2)2007.12.10:借:应收票据 35.1万贷:主营业务收⼊ 30万应交税费-应交增值税(销项税额)5.1万借:主营业务成本 16万贷:库存商品 16万(3)2007.12.15:借:银⾏存款 23.4万贷:其他应付款 20万应交税费-应交增值税(销项税额)3.4万借:发出商品 15万贷:库存商品 15万2007.12.31,确认应计提的财务费⽤:借:财务费⽤ 750贷:其他应付款 7502008.2.15:借:财务费⽤ 2250贷:其他应付款 2250借:库存商品 15万贷:发出商品 15万借:其他应付款 20.3万应交税费-应交增值税(进项税额)3.451万贷:银⾏存款 23.751万第2题:2007.12.15:借:银⾏存款 100万贷:预收账款 100万2007年12.31:确认收⼊=500×50%-0=250万确认劳务成本=400×50%-0=200万借:预收账款 250万贷:主营业务收⼊ 250万借:主营业务成本 200万贷:劳务成本 200万第3题:(1)2007.1.1.:借:固定资产清理 800万累计折旧 200万贷:固定资产 1000万借:长期股权投资-成本 950万贷:固定资产清理 800万营业外收⼊ 150万持有30%股权,有重⼤影响,采⽤权益法核算。
2007年:借:长期股权投资–损益调整 90万贷:投资收益 90万借:应收股利 60万贷:长期股权投资-损益调整 60万2008年:借:长期股权投资–损益调整 120万贷:投资收益 120万借:应收股利 90万贷:长期股权投资-损益调整 90万(2)2008年应纳额所得税=800-300×30%=710万应纳所得税额=710×25%=177.5万当期所得税费⽤=177.5万长期股权投资账⾯价值=950+90-60=980万长期股权投资计税基础=950万应纳税暂时性差异=30万递延所得税负债=30×25%=7.5万元借:所得税费⽤ 177.5万贷:应交税费-应缴企业所得税 177.5万借:所得税费⽤ 7.5万贷:递延所得税负债 7.5万2009年:2009年应纳额所得税=1000-400×30%=880万应纳所得税额=880×25%=220万当期所得税费⽤=220万长期股权投资账⾯价值=980+120-90=1010万长期股权投资计税基础=950万应纳税暂时性差异=60万递延所得税负债=60×25%-7.5=7.5万元借:所得税费⽤ 220万贷:应交税费-应缴企业所得税 220万借:所得税费⽤ 7.5万贷:递延所得税负债 7.5万第⼗⼆章财务报表第1题:资产负债表编制单位:A公司 20X6年12⽉31⽇单位:元第2题:做出相关业务的账务处理:(1)借:应付票据 200 000贷:银⾏存款 200 000(2)借:材料采购—甲材料 300 000应交税费—应交增值税(进项税额) 51 000 贷:银⾏存款 351 000 (3)借:原材料—⼄材料 190 000材料成本差异 10 000贷:材料采购—⼄材料 200 000(4)借:银⾏存款 468贷:其他货币资⾦—银⾏汇票 468借:材料采购 199 600 应交税费—应缴增值税(进⾏税额) 33 932 贷:其他货币资⾦—银⾏汇票 233 532 借:原材料 200 000贷:材料采购 199 600材料成本差异 400(5)借:应收账款 702 000贷:主营业务收⼊ 600 000应交税费—应交增值税(销项税额) 102 000(6)借:银⾏存款 33 000贷:交易性⾦融资产 30 000投资收益 3 000(7)借:固定资产 172 940应交税费—应交增值税(进项税额) 29 060贷:银⾏存款 202 000 (8)借:⼯程物资 300 000 应交税费—应交增值税(进项税额) 51 000贷:银⾏存款 351 000 (9)借:在建⼯程 656 000贷:应付职⼯薪酬 456 000应交税费—应交耕地占⽤税 200 000(10)借:在建⼯程 300 000贷:应付利息 300 000(11)借:固定资产 2 800 000贷:在建⼯程 2 800 000(12)借:固定资产清理 40 000累计折旧 360 000贷:固定资产 400 000借:固定资产清理 1 000贷:银⾏存款 1 000借:银⾏存款 1 600贷:固定资产清理 1 600借:营业外⽀出 39 400贷:固定资产清理 39 400(13)借:银⾏存款 800 000贷:长期借款 800 000 (14)借:应收账款 1 638 000 贷:主营业务收⼊ 1 400 000 应交税费—应交增值税(销项税额)238 000 (15)借:银⾏存款 400 000贷:应收票据 400 000(16)借:银⾏存款 60 000贷:投资收益 60 000(17)借:固定资产清理 500 000累计折旧 300 000贷:固定资产 800 000借:银⾏存款 600 000贷:固定资产清理 600 000借:固定资产清理 100 000贷:营业外收⼊ 100 000(18)借:财务费⽤ 43 000贷:应付利息 43 000(19)借:短期借款 500 000应付利息 25 000贷:银⾏存款 525 000(20)借:应付职⼯薪酬 1 000 000贷:银⾏存款 1 000 000 (21)借:⽣产成本 627 000制造费⽤ 22 800管理费⽤ 34 200贷:应付职⼯薪酬 684 000 (22)借:⽣产成本 1 500 000贷:原材料 1 400 000低值易耗品 100 000(23)借:⽣产成本 70 000贷:材料成本差异 70 000(24)借:制造费⽤ 180 000贷:银⾏存款 180 000 (25)借:银⾏存款 102 000贷:应收账款 102 000(26)借:销售费⽤ 40 000贷:银⾏存款 40 000 (27)借:长期借款 2 000 000贷:银⾏存款 2 000 000(28)借:库存商品 2 564 800贷:⽣产成本 2 564 000(29)借:应收票据 585 000贷:主营业务收⼊ 500 000 应交税费—应交增值税(销项税额)85 000 (30)借:银⾏存款 545 000财务费⽤ 40 000贷:应收票据 585 000(31)借:管理费⽤ 100 000贷:银⾏存款 100 000(32)借:营业税⾦及附加 4 000贷:应交税费—应交城市维护建设税 4 000(33)借:应交税费—应交增值税(已交税⾦) 200 000应交税费—应交教育费附加 4 000 贷:银⾏存款 204 000 (34)借:主营业务成本 1 500 000贷:库存商品 1 500 00(35)借:制造费⽤ 160 000管理费⽤ 40 000贷:累计折旧 200 000(36)借:资产减值损失 1 800贷:固定资产减值准备 1 800(37)借:管理费⽤ 140 000贷:累计摊销 140 000(38)借:资产减值损失 1 800贷:坏账准备 1 800(39)借:所得税费⽤ 204 798贷:应交税费—应交企业所得税 204 798 (40)借:投资收益 63 000主营业务收⼊ 2 500 000营业外收⼊ 100 000贷:本年利润 2 663 000借:本年利润 2 042 400贷:营业外⽀出 39 400主营业务成本 1 500 000管理费⽤ 314 200销售费⽤ 40 000财务费⽤ 83 000资产减值损失 61 800营业税⾦及附加 4 000借:本年利润 204 798贷:所得税费⽤ 204 798(41)借:利润分配—提取盈余公积 41 580.20 贷:盈余公积 41 580.20 (42)借:利润分配—未分配利润 41580.20贷:利润分配—提取盈余公积 41 580.20 借:本年利润 415 802贷:利润分配—未分配利润 415 800(43)借:应交税费—应交企业所得税 204 798贷:银⾏存款注:资产负债表和利润表excel表中第3题(略)第⼗三章资产负债表⽇后事项第1题:(1)资产负债表⽇后事项中的调整事项(2)会计处理:借:以前年度损益调整 40万贷:预计负债 40万借:递延所得税资产 10万贷:以前年度损益调整 10万借:利润分配-未分配利润 30万贷:以前年度损益调整 30万借:盈余公积 3万贷:利润分配-未分配利润 3万第⼗四章会计变更和差错更正第1题:按照账龄分析法,2006年12⽉31⽇坏账准备的余额为288万(1200×10%+200×20%+120×30%+80×100%),所以应当补提坏账准备280万借:利润分配—未分配利润 210万递延所得税资产 70万贷:应收账款-(坏账准备) 280万借:盈余公积 21万贷:利润分配–未分配利润 21万第2题:(1)2007年B公司应采⽤未来适⽤法处理该会计估计变更,2007年应提折旧=(1600-60)/(12-4)=192.5万元借:管理费⽤ 192.5万贷:累计折旧 192.5万(2)按照原来的会计估计,每年折旧240万元,⾄2007年年初已计提1.5年,累计折旧360万,办公楼净值为840万未来适⽤法下2007年折旧⾦额=840×3.5/(3.5+2.5+1.5+0.5)=367.5万元借:管理费⽤ 367.5万贷:累计折旧 367.5万第3题:(1)借:⽆形资产 1600万贷:以前年度损益调整 1600万借:以前年度损益调整 240万贷:累计摊销 240万借:以前年度损益调整 340万贷:应交税费-应交企业所得税 340万借:以前年度损益调整 1020万贷:利润分配-未分配利润 1020万借:利润分配-未分配利润 102万贷:盈余公积 102万(2)对第⼀笔差错不调整,对第⼆笔差错调整如下’; 借:其他业务收⼊ 400万贷:以前年度损益调整 100万其他业务成本 300万借:以前年度损益调整 25万贷:应交税费-应交企业所得税 25万借:以前年度损益调整 75万贷:利润分配-未分配利润 75万借:利润分配-未分配利润 7.5万贷:盈余公积 7.5万。
项目一货币资金的核算任务一库存现金的核算一、判断题1.√2. ×3.√4. ×二、不定项选择题1.ABCD2.C3.A4.C5.C三、实训1.借:库存现金 2 000贷:银行存款 2 0002.借:其他应收款 3 000贷:库存现金 3 0003.借:管理费用850贷:库存现金8504.借:管理费用1960贷:其他应收款 1 000库存现金9605.借:银行存款 1 220贷:库存现金 1 220任务二银行存款一、判断题1.√2.×3. √4.×5.√二、不定项选择题1.D2.AC3.A4.ABCD三、实训(一)1.借:库存现金90 000贷:银行存款90 0002.借:管理费用 3 400贷:银行存款 3 4003.借:销售费用 3 800贷:银行存款 3 8004.借:应付账款226 000贷:银行存款226 000(二)任务三其他货币资金一、判断题1.×2.×3.√4. √5. √ 6 ×二、不定项选择题1.B2.C3.D4.B5.A 6 AD三、实训1.借:其他货币资金—外埠存款100 000贷:银行存款100 0002.借:原材料80 000应交税费—应交增值税(进项税额)10 400贷:其他货币资金—外埠存款90 400 3.借:其他货币资金—银行汇票10 000贷:银行存款10 0004.借:材料采购7 000应交税费—应交增值税(进项税额)910银行存款 2 090 贷:其他货币资金—银行汇票10 000 5.借:其他货币资金—信用卡10 000贷:银行存款10 0006.借:其他货币资金—信用证9 040贷:银行存款9 040借:原材料8 000应交税费—应交增值税(进项税额) 1 040贷:其他货币资金—信用证9 040 7.借:其他货币资金—存出投资款120 000贷:银行存款120 0008.借:银行存款9 600贷:其他货币资金—外埠存款9 600项目二应收及预付款项的核算任务一应收票据1.×2. ×3.√二、不定项选择题1AC 2.A三、实训1.借:应收票据565 000贷:主营业务收入500 000 应交税费—应交增值税(销项税额)65 000 借:银行存款565000贷:应收票据565 000任务二应收账款一、判断题1.√2.√3.√二、不定项选择题1.ABCD2.B3.C4.D5.B三、实训1.借:应收账款203 400贷:主营业务收入180 000应交税费—应交增值税(销项税额)23 4002.借:银行存款203 400贷:应收账款203 4003.借:应收账款56 500贷:主营业务收入50 000应交税费—应交增值税(销项税额)6 5004.借:银行存款51 500财务费用 5 000贷:应收账款56 500任务三预付账款一、判断题1.×2.×3.√二、不定项选择题1.ABC2.AB3. D三、实训1.借:预付账款150 000贷:银行存款150 0002.借:原材料300 000应交税费—应交增值税(进项税额)39 000贷:预付账款339 000 3.借:预付账款189 000贷:银行存款189 000任务四其他应收款一、判断题1.×2.√3.×二、不定项选择题1ACD 2. B三、实训1.借:其他应收款 5 000贷:库存现金 5 0002.借:管理费用 4 800库存现金200贷:其他应收款 5 0003.借:其他应收款 1 000贷:银行存款 1 0004.借:其他应收款 5 000贷:银行存款 5 0005.借:银行存款 5 000贷:其他应收款 5 000任务五应收款项减值的核算一、判断题1.×2.×3.×4.√5.√二、不定项选择题1.C2.ABD3. ABCD4.ABC 5 B 6 D 7 C 8 A三、实训1.借:应收账款 1 017贷:主营业务收入900应交税费—应交增值税(销项税额)1172.借:坏账准备40贷:应收账款403.借:银行存款500贷:应收账款5004.借:银行存款10贷:坏账准备105.借:应收账款113贷:主营业务收入100应交税费—应交增值税(销项税额)136.年末应收账款余额500+1017-40-500+113=1090万元年末坏账准备账户余额=1090×5%=54.5万元坏账准备计提前账户余额为25-40+10=-5万元(即借方)所以本期末应该计提坏账准备=54.5-(-5)=59.5万元借:信用减值损失——计提的坏账准备59.5贷:坏账准备59.5项目三交易性金融资产一、判断题1.×2.×3.×4.√5. √二、不定项选择题1.C2.C3.B4.AB5.B6.B7.C8.A三、实训(一)1.借:交易性金融资产—成本800投资收益 2应交税费—应交增值税(进项税额)贷:银行存款8022.借:公允价值变动损益30贷:交易性金融资产—公允价值变动303.借:交易性金融资产—公允价值变动40贷:公允价值变动损益404.借:银行存款825贷:交易性金融资产—成本800—公允价值变动10投资收益15(二)1.借:交易性金融资产—成本 2 040 000投资收益20 000应交税费—应交增值税(进项税额)贷:其他货币资金——存出投资款 2 060 000 2.借:其他货币资金——存出投资款40 000贷:投资收益40 0003.借:交易性金融资产—公允价值变动260 000贷:公允价值变动损益260 000借:应收利息40 000贷:投资收益40 0004.借:其他货币资金——存出投资款40 000贷:应收利息40 0005.借:公允价值变动损益100 000贷:交易性金融资产—公允价值变动100 000 借:应收利息40 000贷:投资收益40 0006.借:其他货币资金——存出投资款40 000贷:应收利息40 0007.借:其他货币资金——存出投资款2 360 000公允价值变动损益160 000贷:交易性金融资产—成本 2 040 000—公允价值变动160 000 投资收益320 000 借:投资收益贷:应交税费—转让金融商品应交增值税项目四存货的核算习题参考答案任务一原材料的核算判断:√×√√×√√选择:C D C A A A实训:采用移动加权平均法计算发出材料成本(1)借:原材料——甲材料11000应交税费——应交增值税(进项税额)1430贷:银行存款12430(2)甲材料加权平均单位成本=5.5元借:生产成本 8250贷:原材料——甲材料8250(3)借:原材料——乙材料84000应交税费——应交增值税(进项税额)10840贷:应付账款94840(4)借:在途物资——丙材料36500 应交税费——应交增值税(进项税额)4725贷:银行存款41225(5)借:预付账款20000贷:银行存款20000(6)借:应付账款94840贷:银行存款94840(7)乙材料加权平均单位成本=(4000×5+84000)/(5+20)=4160元借:生产成本 41600贷:原材料——乙材料41600(8)借:原材料——丙材料36500贷:在途物资——丙材料36500 (9)借:原材料——甲材料27000应交税费——应交增值税(进项税额)3510贷:预付账款20000银行存款10510(10)甲材料加权平均单位成本=(1500×5.5+27000)/(1500+5000)=5.42元丙材料加权平均单位成本=(10×3700+36500)/(10+10)=3675元借:生产成本 41985管理费用14700贷:原材料——甲材料16260——丙材料40425(11)借:原材料——丁材料8000应交税费——应交增值税(进项税额)1040贷:银行存款9040(12)丁材料加权平均单位成本=(2000×12+8000)/(2000+995)=10.68元借:生产成本 32040贷:原材料——丁材料32040(13)借:原材料——甲材料8100贷:应付账款——暂估应付账款8100任务二包装物的核算判断:√×××√×选择:AB A实训:(1)借:生产成本 1500贷:周转材料——包装物 1500(2)借:销售费用500贷:周转材料——包装物 500(3)借:银行存款169.5贷:其他业务收入150应交税费——应交增值税(销项税额)19.5借:其他业务成本100贷:周转材料——包装物 100(4)借:银行存款600贷:其他应付款600任务三低值易耗品的核算判断:√√×√选择:ABCD C ABCD A A实训:一次摊销法(1)借:管理费用520贷:周转材料——低值易耗品(拖把)420——低值易耗品(簸箕)100 (2)借:制造费用4000贷:周转材料——低值易耗品(劳保用品)4000任务四委托加工物资的核算判断:√√√×√选择:ABCD BC A A ACD实训:(1)借:委托加工物资 12000贷:原材料——5号材料12000(2)借:委托加工物资 40贷:银行存款 40(3)借:委托加工物资 4000应交税费——应交增值税(进项税额)520——应交消费税6000贷:银行存款 10520(4)借:原材料——7号材料16040贷:委托加工物资 16040任务五库存商品的核算判断:√×√√××选择:ABCD AB A C实训:(1)借:应收账款——蓝光公司56800贷:主营业务收入50000应交税费——应交增值税(销项税额)6500银行存款300借:主营业务成本25000贷:库存商品——甲25000(2)借:银行存款33900贷:主营业务收入30000应交税费——应交增值税(销项税额)3900借:主营业务成本21000贷:库存商品——乙21000(3)借:库存商品——甲150000贷:生产成本——甲150000任务六存货清查的核算判断:×××××选择:A C ABD D A A实训:(1)借:待处理财产损溢32000贷:库存商品30000应交税费——应交增值税(进项税额转出)2000 月末批准后:借:管理费用32000贷:待处理财产损溢32000(2)借:待处理财产损溢5000贷:原材料5000月末批准后:借:管理费用5000贷:待处理财产损溢5000(3)借:周转材料——包装物1000贷:待处理财产损溢1000月末批准后:借:待处理财产损溢1000贷:管理费用1000任务七存货减值的核算判断:√×√×√×选择:BC D A AD D 实训:应提存货跌价准备90万元借:资产减值损失 90贷:存货跌价准备90项目五长期股权投资的核算习题参考答案任务一长期股权投资成本法的核算判断:×√×选择:A A A AB C实训:(1)借:长期股权投资983应收股利20贷:银行存款1003(2)借:银行存款20贷:应收股利20(3)借:应收股利20贷:投资收益20借:银行存款20贷:应收股利20(4)借:银行存款1296贷:长期股权投资983投资收益313任务二长期股权投资权益法的核算判断:×√×选择:A ACD BCD ABC BC A B实训:(1)借:长期股权投资——投资成本24000贷:银行存款22000营业外收入2000(2)借:长期股权投资——损益调整3000贷:投资收益3000(3)借:应收股利1800贷:长期股权投资——损益调整1800(4)借:长期股权投资——其他综合收益240贷:其他综合收益240(5)借:投资收益900贷:长期股权投资——损益调整900任务三长期股权投资减值的核算判断:×选择:A B ABD实训:(1)长期股权投资期末账面价值=24000+300+240=24540,减值3540 借:资产减值损失 3540贷:长期股权投资减值准备3540(2)借:银行存款30000长期股权投资减值准备3540贷:长期股权投资——投资成本24000——损益调整300——其他综合收益240投资收益9000项目六固定资产的核算习题参考答案任务一固定资产取得的核算判断:××××√×选择:D A BC ABCD BCD D实训:(1)借:在建工程200000应交税费——应交增值税(进项税额)26000贷:银行存款226000借:在建工程9600贷:原材料8000应付职工薪酬1600借:固定资产209600贷:在建工程209600(2)借:固定资产300000贷:实收资本300000(3)借:工程物资180000应交税费——应交增值税(进项税额)23400贷:银行存款210600借:在建工程175000贷:工程物资175000借:在建工程2000贷:原材料2000借:在建工程3300贷:应付职工薪酬3300借:在建工程4120贷:生产成本——辅助生产成本4120借:在建工程16700贷:银行存款16700借:在建工程4530贷:应付利息4530借:固定资产(175000+20000+3300+4120+16700+4530)223650贷:在建工程223650任务二固定资产折旧与后续支出的核算判断:√×××××选择:A B ABD AB BC C D实训:(1)借:在建工程506600应交税费——应交增值税(进项税额)65594贷:银行存款572194借:在建工程18000应交税费——应交增值税(进项税额)1620贷:银行存款19620借:固定资产524600贷:在建工程524600双倍余额递减法每年折旧:第一年:524600×2/5=209840第二年:(524600-209840)×2/5=125904第三年:(524600-209840-125904)×2/5=75542.4第四年=第五年:(524600-209840-125904-75542.4-9600)/2=51856.8 年数总和法每年折旧:第一年:(524600-9600)×5/15=171666.67第二年:(524600-9600)×4/15=137333.33第三年:(524600-9600)×3/15=103000第四年:(524600-9600)×2/15=68666.67第五年:(524600-9600)×1/15=34333.33(2)借:在建工程650累计折旧200固定资产减值准备50贷:固定资产900借:在建工程491.5贷:工程物资300原材料50银行存款61.5应付职工薪酬80借:固定资产1141.5贷:在建工程1141.5任务三固定资产处置的核算判断:√××√选择:AD ACD B ABCD ACD ACD实训:2020年5月购入设备至2021年12月出售共计提折旧:250000×2/5+(250000-250000×2/5)×2/5×7/12=135000 借:固定资产清理115000累计折旧135000贷:固定资产250000借:银行存款100000贷:固定资产清理100000借:资产处置损益15000贷:固定资产清理1500012月9日机器报废:借:固定资产清理16000累计折旧104000贷:固定资产120000借:银行存款320贷:固定资产清理320借:银行存款361.6贷:固定资产清理320应交税费——应交增值税(销项税额)41.6借:固定资产清理400贷:银行存款400借:营业外支出16080贷:固定资产清理16080任务四固定资产清查的核算判断:××××选择:B ABD D A B实训:盘盈:1.借:固定资产40 000贷:以前年度损益调整40 0002.借:以前年度损益调整10 000贷:应交税费—应交所得税10 0003.借:以前年度损益调整 3 000贷:盈余公积 3 0004.借:以前年度损益调整27 000贷:利润分配—未分配利润27 000盘亏:1.借:待处理财产损溢40 000累计折旧80 000贷:固定资产120 000借:待处理财产损益6800贷:应交税费——应交增值税(进项税额转出)6800 2.借:其他应收款10 000营业外支出36800贷:待处理财产损溢46800任务五固定资产减值的核算判断:√√×√√选择:ABCD D A CD BC实训:借:资产减值损失116 180贷:固定资产减值准备—A 12 120—B 34 500—C 20 600—D 48 960关于案例讨论:审计人员问:集团为什么认为应该估价入账固定资产7000万元呢?物流公司人员答:集团认为物流公司已经从投入使用的固定资产中获得了600万元的收入且专用线、货场、仓库基本达到了预定使用状态应该转固7000万元,办公楼由于还没有达到入住条件,可暂不估价入账。
财务会计课后习题答案第⼆章货币资⾦与应收款项1.(1)2007年2⽉出售商品时:借:应收账款585000贷:主营业务收⼊500000 应交税费——应交增值税(销项税额)85 000 (2)3⽉1⽇收到商业汇票:借:应收票据585000贷:应收账款585000(3)5⽉5 ⽇某企业向银⾏申请贴现时:票据到期价值=585 000 (元)贴现息=585 000×9%×119÷365=17165.34 (元)贴现所得⾦额=585 000-17165.34=567834.66 (元)借:银⾏存款567834.66短期借款——利息调整17165.34贷:短期借款——成本585 000计算实际利率(单利)=17165.34÷567834.66÷119×365=9.272%或:借:银⾏存款567834.66财务费⽤17165.34贷:短期借款585 000(4)5⽉底确认贴现利息:567834.66×9.272%×26/365= 3750.38(元)借:财务费⽤3750.38贷:短期借款——利息调整3750.38(5)6⽉底确认贴现利息:567834.66×9.272%×30/365=x(元)借:财务费⽤x贷:短期借款——利息调整x(6)7⽉底确认贴现利息:(571585.04+4355.95)×9.272%×31/365=4535.45 (元)借:财务费⽤4535.45贷:短期借款——利息调整4535.45(7) 8⽉底确认贴现利息:(575940.99+4535.45)×9.272%×31/365=4571.16(元)但考虑到尾差,8⽉应确认利息=17165.34-3750.38-4355.95-4535.45=4523.56(元)借:财务费⽤4523.56贷:短期借款——利息调整4523.56(8) 9⽉3⽇,付款单位⽆⼒⽀付:借:应收账款585000贷:应收票据585000借:短期借款585000贷:银⾏存款5850002.(1)第⼀年年应计提的坏账准备为:1 000000×5‰=5 000(元)借:资产减值损失 5 000贷:坏账准备 5 000(2)第⼆年计提坏账准备前“坏账准备”科⽬的余额为5 000(元)应补提坏账准备:2 500000× 5‰-5000=7 500(元)借:资产减值损失7 500贷:坏账准备7 500(3)第三年6⽉发⽣坏账损失,应冲销已计提的坏账准备:借:坏账准备18000贷:应收账款18 000(5)第三年10⽉收回已核销的坏账5 000元:借:应收账款5000贷:坏账准备 5 000借:银⾏存款 5 000贷:应收账款 5 000(6)第三年应计提的坏账准备为:2000000×5‰=10000(元)计提坏账准备前“坏账准备”科⽬的余额为:5000-18000+5000=-8000(元)应补提的坏账准备为:10000 +8000=18 000(元)借:资产减值损失18000贷:坏账准备18000第三章存货1.实际成本法核算(1)借:原材料 80000应交税费——应交增值税(进项税额)13600贷:银⾏存款 93600(2)材料成本=150000+450+12000*(1-7%)=161610 增值税=25500+12000*7%=26340借:在途物资 161610应交税费——应交增值税(进项税额)26340 贷:银⾏存款 187950(3)借:原材料 161610贷:在途物资 161610 (4)借:原材料 180000贷:应付账款 180000 (5)借:原材料180000贷:应付账款180000 借:原材料 188950应交税费——应交增值税(进项税额) 30800贷:银⾏存款 2197502、计划成本法计划成本法(1)材料的实际成本=9500+400*(1-7%)=9872材料的计划成本=1000*10=10000借:材料采购 9872应交税费——应交增值税(进项税额)1643贷:银⾏存款 11515借:原材料 10000贷:材料采购 10000借:材料采购 128贷:材料成本差异 128(2)借:制造费⽤ 1000贷:原材料 1000(3)材料的实际成本=22464/1.17+1000*(1-7%)=20130 材料的计划成本=2000*10=20000借:材料采购 20130应交税费——应交增值税(进项税额)(3264+70)=3334 贷:银⾏存款 23464 借:原材料 20000贷:材料采购 20000借:材料成本差异 130贷:材料采购 130(4)借:⽣产成本 25000贷:原材料 25000(5)材料成本差异率=(4000+130-128)/(40000+30000)=5.72%发出材料负担的成本差异额=26000*5.72%=1487.2库存材料负担的成本差异额=4000+130-128-1487.2=2514.8借:制造费⽤ 57.2⽣产成本 1430贷:材料成本差异 1487.2库存材料的实际成本=40000+30000-26000+2514.8=47414.83、(1)A产品的可变现净值=(13-0.5)*280=3500 ⼤于帐⾯价值2800,所以不提存货跌价准备,⽆需帐务处理。
财务会计学习题与答案项目二一、单项选择题1.根据《现金管理暂行条例》规定,下列经济业务中,一般不应用现金支付的是(C)。
A.支付职工奖金4 000元B.支付零星办公用品购置费900元C.支付物资采购货款2 300元D.支付职工差旅费5 000元2.企业现金清查中,经检查仍无法查明原因的现金短缺,经批准后应计入( B )。
A.财务费用B.管理费用C.销售费用D.营业外支出3.企业在进行现金清查时,查出现金溢余,并将溢余数记入“待处理财产损溢”科目。
后经进一步核查,无法查明原因,经批准后,正确的会计处理方法是( B )。
A.将其从“待处理财产损溢”科目转入“管理费用”科目B.将其从“待处理财产损溢” 科目转入“营业外收入”科目C.将其从“待处理财产损溢” 科目转入“其他应付款”科目D.将其从“待处理财产损溢” 科目转入“其他应收款”科目4. 支票的付款期为(D )。
A.一个月B.二个月C.3天D.10天5. 银行本票的付款期为(B )。
A.一个月B.二个月C.三个月D.半年6. 汇款人委托开户银行将款项汇给外地收款人的结算方式是(C )。
A.银行汇票B.商业汇票C.汇兑D.委托收款7. 商业承兑汇票的承兑期限最长为(B )。
A.3个月B.6个月C.9个月D.3—6个月8. 委托收款结算金额起点为(C )。
A.1 000元B.10 000元C.无结算金额起点的限制D.50元9. 凡是在银行开立账户的法人之间根据购销合同进行的商品交易款,无论同城或异地均可使用(B )。
A.托收承付结算B.商业汇票结算C.银行汇兑结算D.银行本票结算10. 企业与银行对账时“银行存款日记账”余额与“银行对账单”余额不相等的原因(A )。
A.肯定记账有错误B.一定有未达账款C.可能是记账有误,也可能存在未达账项D.肯定记账无错误11. 对于银行已经入账而企业尚未入账的未达账项,应(B )。
A.在编制“银行存款余额调节表”的同时入账B.待有关结算凭证到达时入账C.根据自制原始凭证入账D.根据“银行对账单”记录金额入账12. 下列各项,会导致银行存款日记账余额高于对应日期银行对账单余额的是( A )。
第四章存货一、单项选择题下列各小题的4个备选答案中,只有1个是正确的,请您将正确答案的字母序号填入每小题后面的“()”内。
1.在下列各项中,不属于企业存货的是(A)。
A、在建工程物资B.在途材料C、委托加工物资D.自制半成品2.存货是企业的重要流动资产,在进行存货的核算时,确认存货的时间为( B )。
A.支付货款的时间B.取得其产权的时间C、收到存货的时间D、签订购货合同的时间3.在物价持续上涨的情况下,下列各种计价方法中,使期末存货价值最大的是(C )A、后进先出法B.加权平均法C、先进先出法D、移动加权平均法【解析】在物价持续上涨的情况下,采用先进先出法计价,发出存货的成本低,期末存货成本高。
4.在物价持续下跌的情况下,下列各种存货的计价方法中,体现谨慎性原则的是( D )。
A、移动加权平均法B.月末一次加权平均法C.后进先出法D.先进先出法5、我国《企业会计准则第1号--存货》规定,发出存货计价不用的方法是(A)。
A、后进先出法B.先进先出法C.加权平均法D.个别计价法6.在物价持续上涨的情况下,采用“后进先出法”对存货进行计价,将使( B )。
A、期末存货金额高于先进先出法下的存货金额,当期利润增加B、期末存货金额低于先进先出法下的存货金额,当期利润减少C、期末存货金额低于先进先出法下的存货金额,当期利润增加D、期末存货金额高于先进先出法下的存货金额,当期利润减少7、在物价不断上涨时期,能使期末存货成本接近现实成本的存货计价方法是( C )。
A、移动平均法B.加权平均法C、先进先出法D、后进先出法8.某企业采用计划成本法进行原材料的核算,下列各项中,应记入“材料采购”账户贷方的是( D )。
A.原材料的买价B.结转采购入库材料成本的节约差异C.采购材料的运杂费D、结转采购入库材料成本的超支差异9、下列各项中,不应计入存货实际成本中的是(A)。
A、材料采购过程中发生的非合理损耗B、发出用于委托加工的物资在运输途中发生的保险费C、商品流通企业外购商品时所支付的运杂费等相关费用D、用于直接对外销售的委托加工应税消费品收回时支付的消费税10.某工业企业在存货清查中发现存货实存数小于账面数,对于此差额在调整存货账面价值的同时应该( B )。
第一章总论一、单项选择题(一)要求:下列各小题的4个备选答案中,只有1个是正确的,请您将正确答案的字母序号填入每小题后面的“()”内。
(二)题目:1、下列不属于我国企业会计准则体系的是( A )。
A 、会计制度 B、具体准则 C、基本准则 D、解释公告【解析】我国的企业会计准则体系包括:基本准则、具体准则、应用指南和解释公告。
2.下列属于财务报告目标“决策有用观”的论点是( A )。
A.会计信息更多强调相关性 B、会计计量采用历史成本C.会计信息更多强调可靠性 D.会计计量采用当前市价【解析】在决策有用观下,会计信息更多地强调相关性,会计计量在坚持历史成本外,如果采用其他计量属性能够提供更加相关信息的,会较多地采用除历史成本外的其他计量属性。
3.下列项目中,不属于财务报告目标主要内容的是( A )。
1A.反映国家宏观经济管理的需要 B.反映企业管理层受托责任的履行情况C.向财务会计报告使用者提供与企业经营成果有关的会计信息D.向财务会计报告使用者提供与企业财务状况有关的会计信息【解析】财务会计报告的目标是向财务会计报告使用者提供与企业财务状况、经营成果和现金流量等有关的会计信息,反映企业管理层受托责任履行情况,有助于财务会计报告使用者作出经济决策。
4. 下列各项中,属于确定会计核算空间范围的基本前提是( A )A.会计主体 B.持续经营 C.会计分期 D.货币计量【解析】会计主体是指企业会计确认、计量和报告的空间范围。
在会计主体假设下,企业应当对其本身发生的交易或者事项进行会计确认、计量和报告,反映企业本身所从事的各项生产经营活动。
5.下列对会计基本假设的表述中,恰当的是( A )。
A.一个法律主体必然是一个会计主体 B.会计主体确立会计核算的时间范围C.会计主体为会计确认、计量和报告提供了必要的手段D.会计分期和货币计量确定了会计核算的空间范围【解析】选项B会计主体确定了会计确认、计量和报告的空间范围;选项 C 货币计量为确认、计量和报告提供了必要的手段;选项 D 会计分期确立了会计确认、计量和报告的时间范围。
《财务会计学》习题答案.第二章货币资产与短期投资1.(1)借:管理费用850现金150贷:其他应收款1000(2)借:应付票据20 000贷:银行存款20 000(3)借:其他应收款 1 200贷:现金1200(4)借:其他货币资金150 000贷:银行存款150 000(5)借:现金50 000贷:银行存款50 0002.(1)借:短期投资35 000应收利息 3 000贷:银行存款38 000(2)借:短期投资45 000应收股利400贷:银行存款45 400(3)借:银行存款50500贷:短期投资45 000应收股利200投资收益 5 300(4)借:银行存款 6 800贷:短期投资 5 000应收利息300投资收益 1 500第三章应收项目1.贴现所得=50000-50000*9%*90/360=50000-1125=48875借:银行存款48875财务费用1125贷:应收票据50000借:应收账款50000贷:短期借款500002.借:应收账款35100贷:主营业务收入30000应交税金—应交增值税5100借:银行存款34749财务费用351贷:应收账款351003.97年应提取的坏账准备=120万*8‰=9600借:管理费用 9600贷:坏账准备 600098年应提取的坏账准备=300万*8‰-9600=14400借:管理费用 14400贷:坏账准备 1440099年借:坏账准备 5000贷:应收账款 500099年应提取的坏账准备=250万*8‰-19000=1000借:管理费用 1000贷:坏账准备 10002000年借:应收账款 2000贷:坏账准备 2000借:应收账款 1000贷:坏账准备 10002000年应提取的坏账准备=190万*8‰-20000=-6800借:坏账准备 6800贷:管理费用 68004.借:应收票据 234000贷:主营业务收入 200000应交税金—应交增值税(销项税额) 34000到期值=234000+234000*10%*96/360=234000+6240=240240到期日=3月21天+4月30天+5月31天+6月14天=96天6月14日为到期日贴现期=4月14天+5月31天+6月14天=59天贴现所得=240240-240240*12%*59/360=240240-4724.72=235515.28 借:银行存款 235515.28贷:应收票据 234000财务费用 1515.28借:应收账款 240240贷:银行存款 240240借:银行存款 240240贷:应收账款 240240第四章存货1.(1).借:原材料40000应交税金--增值税(进)6800贷:应付票据46800(2). 借:原材料50300应交税金--增值税(进)800贷:应付账款58500银行存款300(3). 借:在途物资80800应交税金--增值税(进)13600贷:银行存款94400(4). 借:应付账款58500贷:银行存款57500财务费用1000 50000*2%(5). 借:原材料80800贷:在途物资808002. 发出金额结存金额(1)加权平均法 4 550 4 550(2)移动加权平均法 4 364 4 736(3)先进选出法 4 200 4 900(4)后进选出法 4 700 4 4003.(1)借:物资采购8200应交税金--增值税1394贷:银行存款9594借:原材料10000贷:物资采购10000借:物资采购1800贷:材料成本差异1800(2)借:生产成本25000贷:原材料25000(3)借:物资采购32000应交税金--增值税5440贷:预付账款37440借:预付账款7440贷:银行存款7440借:原材料30000贷:物资采购30000借:材料成本差异2000贷:物资采购2000(4)借:生产成本40000贷:原材料40000(5)借:物资采购18400应交税金--增值税3060贷:银行存款21460(6)借:原材料20000贷:物资采购20000借:物资采购1600贷:材料成本差异1600(7)借:管理费用5000贷:原材料5000(8)650-1800+2000-1600差异率=----------------------------------×100%=-0.75%40000+10000+30000+20000借:生产成本-487.50管理费用-37.50贷:材料成本差异-525(9)计算月末结存材料的实际成本:月末结存材料的计划成本=(800+1200-1400)*50=30 000月末结存材料的成本差异=650-1400-525= -225 或=30 000* -0.75%= -225月末结存材料的实际成本=30 000-225=297754. 4月销售成本=71000×(1-8%)=653204月末结存商品成本=84000+55000-65320=736805月销售成本=76000×(1-8%)=699205月末结存商品成本=73680+63000-69920=667606月末结存商品成本=644406月销售成本=84000+55000+63000+59000-64440-65320-69920=61320(71000+76000+69000)-(65320+69920+61320)第二季度实际毛利率=------------------------------------------×100%=9% 71000+76000+690005.(1)借:物资采购 30000应交税金--增值税(进) 5100贷:银行存款 35100借:库存商品 41000贷:物资采购 30000商品进销差价 11000(2)借:物资采购 45000应交税金--增值税(进) 7650营业费用 500贷:银行存款 53150(3)借:银行存款 74880贷:主营业务收入 64000应交税金--增值税(销) 10880借:主营业务成本 74880贷:库存商品 74880(4)借:库存商品 58500贷:物资采购 45000商品进销差价 13500(5)借:物资采购 60000应交税金--增值税(进)10200贷:银行存款 70200借:库存商品 80000贷:物资采购 60000商品进销差价 20000(6)借:库存商品 3000贷:商品进销差价 3000(7)借:银行存款 58500贷:主营业务收入 50000应交税金--增值税(销) 8500借:主营业务成本 58500贷:库存商品 58500(8)可供分配的商品进销差价=5670+11000+13500+20000+3000=53 170 本期已销商品零售价=58 500+74 880=133 380期末结存商品零售价=71 12053 170差价率------------------ = 26%133 380+71 120本期销售商品实现的进销差价=(74880+58500)×26%=34678.80借:商品进销差价 34678.80贷:主营业务成本 34678.80结存商品未实现的进销差价=53 170-34678.80=18491.20结存商品的实际成本=71120-18491.20=52628.80贷:存货跌价准备 4975第五章长期投资1.(1)计算投资成本成交价(50 000×24.24) 1 212 000加:税费 6 400投资成本 1 218 400(2)购入时的会计分录借:长期股权投资——股票投资(开通公司投资成本) 1 218 400贷:银行存款 1 218 400(3)开通公司宣告分派1998年现金股利借:应收股利 20 000(50 000× 0.40)贷:长期股权投资——股票投资(开通公司投资成本) 20 000(4)开通公司宣告分派1999年现金股利兴华公司1999年应享有的投资收益 =50 000×4×(10/12)=166 667(元)兴华公司分派现金股利应冲减的投资成本=50 000×5—166 667 = 83 333(元)借:应收股利 250 000(50 000×5)贷:长期股权投资—股票投资(开通公司投资成本) 83 333投资收益 166 6672.(1)计算投资成本成交价 1 400 000加:税费 3 600减:应收股利150 000投资成本 1 253 600购入时的会计分录借:长期股权投资——股票投资(丙企业投资成本) 1 253 600应收股利150 000贷:银行存款 1 403 600结转投资差额借:长期股权投资——股票投资(丙企业股权投资差额)128 600贷:长期股权投资——股票投资(丙企业投资成本)128 600借:银行存款150 000贷:应收股利150 000(2)乙企业宣告分派股利借:应收股利—乙企业320 000贷:长期股权投资——股票投资(乙企业损益调整)320 000确认投资收益借:长期股权投资——股票投资(乙企业损益调整)640 000贷:投资收益640 000(4)确认对丙企业投资收益借:长期股权投资——股票投资(丙企业损益调整)112 500(600000×25%×9÷12)贷:投资收益112 500(5)摊销股权投资差额借:投资收益9645贷:长期股权投资——股票投资(丙企业股权投资差额)9645(12 8600÷10×9÷12) ÷123.(1)①购入债券借:长期债权投资——债券投资—(面值) 160 000长期债权投资——债券投资—(溢价) 10 800贷:银行存款 170 800②2000年12月31日结算应收利息、摊销溢价直线法摊销溢价票面利息=160000×10%×6÷12=8000(元)摊销溢价=10800÷(4×2) =1350(元)投资收益=8000—1351 =6650(元)借:应收利息 8 000贷:长期债权投资——债券投资(溢价) 1 350投资收益 6 650以后3年半中,每年12月31日和6月30日同上。
③2001年1月1日收到利息借:银行存款8000贷:应收利息8000以后3年半中,每年1月1日和7月1日同上。
④2004年7月1日收回债券款借:银行存款160 000贷:长期债权投资——债券投资—(面值) 160 000实际利率法摊销溢价,见下表。
(2)①折价购入债券借:长期债权投资——债券投资—(面值) 160 000贷:长期债权投资——债券投资—(折价) 10 320银行存款 149 680②2000年12月31日结算应收利息、摊销溢价直线法摊销溢价票面利息=160000×10%×6÷12=8000(元)摊销折价=10320÷(4×2) =1290(元)投资收益=8000 + 1290 =9290(元)借:应收利息 8 000长期债权投资——债券投资(折价) 1 290 贷:投资收益9 290以后3年半中,每年12月31日和6月30日同上。