初中英语易混淆的词语辨析
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第一组spend/ take /cost①spend的主语通常是“人”,即“某人在一花多少时间或金钱。
”例句:1)The boy spends a lot of money.(in) playing computer games.(那个男孩花了很多钱玩电子游戏。
)2)She spe nt lots of money on books last year.(去年她花费很多钱在书本上。
)②take前常以it作形式主语,作“做某事需要花多少时间。
”It takes + (人)+时间+ to do sth.1)How long does it take you to finish the work ?(你需要多少时间才能完成那工作)2)It took me an hour to repair my bike.(我花了一个小时修理自行车。
)3)It takes a lot of courage to tell the truth.(说真话需要很大的勇气。
)③cost的主语通常是事物,即指①某物值多少钱②需要多少时间③某人花了多少钱④使(某人)(丧失)(事/物)+ cost +(人)+时间/金钱1)The watch cost me two hun dred yua n.(这块手表花了我200块钱。
)2)Writing a novel cost plenty of time.(写本小说要花很多时间。
)v1.0可编辑可修改3)The girl's bad behavior cost her pare nts many sleepless ni ghts.(那个女孩的不良行为使得她的父母许多夜晚睡不着。
)注意:cost的过去式,过去分词都是cost o第二组:speak/say/tell/talk①speak说某种语言,说某人好、坏话是及物动词;发表讲话,对某人说话,是不及物动词。
1)The stude nts speak En glish very flue ntly.(这些学生英语说得非常流利。
中考英语易混淆词汇辨析中考英语考试中,易混淆词汇的辨析是一个常见的题型。
这些词汇在拼写、词义或用法上有一定的相似之处,容易让学生迷惑。
深入了解这些易混淆词汇的差异和正确用法,对于提高中考英语分数具有重要意义。
本文将就几组常见易混淆词汇进行辨析,帮助同学们更好地理解和使用它们。
1. Accept和ExceptAccept和Except是两个在书写和发音上非常相似的词汇,但在词义和用法上有着明显的区别。
Accept是一个动词,意为“接受”或“同意”。
例如:(1) He accepted the invitation to the party.(2) The seller accepted the buyer's offer.Except是一个介词,意为“除了……之外”。
例如:(1) Everyone attended the meeting except him.(2) I like all fruits except oranges.2. Affect和EffectAffect和Effect也是一对常见的易混淆词汇,它们在音近上容易引起混淆,但它们的意义和用法却有明显差异。
Affect是一个动词,意为“影响”。
例如:(1) The heavy rain affected the traffic.(2) Lack of exercise can affect your health.Effect既可以是名词,意为“效果”或“影响”,也可以是动词,意为“产生影响”。
例如:(1) The medicine has a good effect on curing the disease.(2) His speech effectively influenced the audience.3. Advice和AdviseAdvice是一个名词,意为“建议”或“忠告”。
例如:(1) I need some advice on how to solve this problem.(2) His advice helped me make a decision.Advise是一个动词,意为“建议”。
九年级英语易混淆知识点英语作为一门外语,在学习过程中经常会有一些易混淆的知识点,这些知识点往往给学习者带来困扰。
在九年级阶段,我们需要更加深入地理解这些易混淆的知识点,以便能够更好地应对考试和日常使用。
下面,我将从词汇、语法和发音三个方面列举一些常见的易混淆知识点,并提供一些解决方法。
一、词汇方面的易混淆知识点1. Accept与ExceptAccept 是“接受”的意思,而Except 表示“除了……之外”。
例如:She accepted the gift with a smile.(她笑着接受了礼物。
)I like all the fruits except for apples.(我喜欢所有的水果,除了苹果。
)2. Affect与EffectAffect 是“影响”的意思,而Effect 意思是“结果”或“影响”。
例如:His absence will affect our performance.(他的缺席会影响我们的表现。
)The medicine had a positive effect on her health.(这种药对她的健康有积极的影响。
)3. Desert与DessertDesert 是“沙漠”的意思,而Dessert 表示“甜点”。
例如:They took a trip to the desert.(他们去沙漠旅行了。
)I want some ice cream for dessert.(我想要一些冰淇淋当甜点。
)二、语法方面的易混淆知识点1. Much与ManyMuch 用于不可数名词,而Many 用于可数名词。
例如:He has much experience in this field.(他在这个领域有很多经验。
)There are many books on the shelf.(书架上有很多书。
)2. It's与ItsIt's 是 It is 或 It has 的缩写形式,而Its 是“它的”的意思。
重难点01 易混名词辨析中考英语对名词的考查集中在单项选择题,单词题、完型填空、短文填空题。
考查重点包括:名词词义辨析、名词的数和名词所有格的用法。
本专题目的在于帮助学生梳理易混名词,明晰他们之间的区别与用法。
名词词义辨析题主要考查结合语境区分名词词义的能力,在平时的学习中应当掌握常用名词的基本意义,注意一词多义和熟词生义;养成推敲句子的含义以及对语境理解的习惯。
(2023中考真题建议用时:15分钟)1.(2023·辽宁鞍山·中考真题)—Why does Mary get good grades each time?—I think that’s because she puts most of her ________ into her schoolwork.A.energy B.practice C.exercise D.process2.(2023·内蒙古·中考真题)—The model plane is wonderful! How did you make it?—It’s easy. Follow the ________ and you can do it, too.A.discussion B.education C.conditions D.instructions3.(2023·江苏淮安·中考真题)As a student, you should keep a ________ between your schoolwork and yourhobbies.A.diary B.record C.secret D.balance4.(2023·湖北襄阳·中考真题)—Mr. Fan runs at least half an hour every day.—What a good ________! No wonder he looks healthy.A.habit B.question C.article D.prediction5.(2023·湖北黄石·中考真题)—Could you tell me the ________ of making such tasty dumplings?—Well, I just follow the steps on Tiktok.A.cost B.method C.time D.menu6.(2023·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题)High-speed trains are seen as one of the new Four Great ________ of China.A.Inventions B.Advantages C.Environments D.Technologies7.(2023·江苏常州·中考真题)After she was brought back to China, the sick giant panda Ya Ya received good ________ in her new home and got better.A.education B.communication C.entertainment D.treatment8.(2023·江苏南通·中考真题)—________ are easily made, but not easily kept.—That’s true. Once you make one, be sure to keep it.A.Speeches B.Decisions C.Promises D.Suggestions9.(2023·江苏镇江·中考真题)The main ________ of the cities along the Grand Canal (大运河) is history and culture.A.attraction B.pollution C.invention D.situation10.(2023·青海·中考真题)A taxi driver prevented (阻止) an _________ when he saw a car with serious problems travelling across Huangnan.A.accident B.interview C.advertisement11.(2023·山东青岛·中考真题)Before flying a plane, a ________ must take a lot of training.A.policeman B.musician C.nurse D.pilot12.(2023·湖北十堰·中考真题)—How did you fix up the machine, dad?—It’s easy. I just followed the ________.A.instructions B.inventions C.interviews D.influences13.(2023·江苏徐州·中考真题)Of all the ________, I love summer best.A.seasons B.subjects C.colours D.hobbies14.(2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题)Mary’s parents are interested in ________, so they often take her to concerts.A.sports B.music C.science D.movies15.(2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题)—The girl’s beautiful pronunciation caught our ________ in yesterday’s English speech competition.—Yes, many students couldn’t help cheering for her.A.condition B.attention C.invention D.position16.(2023·江苏泰州·中考真题)—Good news! The Chinese women table tennis team won a gold and a silver again.—Great! No matter who wins the medals, it is the ________ of our country.A.price B.pioneer C.pride D.pain17.(2023·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题)Although our school life is a little busy, it is full of ________.A.pain B.sadness C.laughter18.(2023·四川遂宁·中考真题)—Which movie would you like to watch, Tracy?— Um…it’s hard to make a ________.A.survey B.choice C.call D.wish19.(2023·辽宁·中考真题)Thanks to the teacher’s help, I solved all the ________ easily.A.chances B.problems C.habits D.grades20.(2023·辽宁营口·中考真题)Scientists who are full of ________ always come up with new ideas and bring great changes to our life.A.instruction B.instrument C.invention D.introduction1.A【详解】句意:——为什么玛丽每次都取得好成绩?——我想那是因为她把大部分精力都放在功课上了。
初中基础单词容易混淆的词汇一、accept [əkˈsept] (v.) 和except [ɪkˈsept] (prep.)1. accept.- 意为“接受”,强调主观上乐意接受。
例如:I accept your invitation.(我接受你的邀请。
)2. except.- 意为“除……之外”,表示不包括后面所提到的人或事物。
例如:Everyone is here except Tom.(除了汤姆,大家都在这儿。
)二、advice [ədˈvaɪs] (n.) 和advise [ədˈvaɪz] (v.)1. advice.- 是名词,“建议”,是不可数名词。
例如:Can you give me some advice?(你能给我一些建议吗?)2. advise.- 是动词,“建议;劝告”。
例如:I advise you to study hard.(我建议你努力学习。
)三、beside [bɪˈsaɪd] (prep.) 和besides [bɪˈsaɪdz] (prep. & adv.)1. beside.- 表示“在……旁边”。
例如:He is sitting beside me.(他正坐在我旁边。
)2. besides.- 作介词时,意为“除……之外(还有)”;作副词时,意为“而且;此外”。
例如:Besides English, we also learn French.(除了英语,我们还学法语。
);I don't like this dress. Besides, it's too expensive.(我不喜欢这条裙子。
而且,它太贵了。
)四、borrow [ˈbɒrəʊ] (v.) 和lend [lend] (v.)1. borrow.- 意为“借入”,常用搭配borrow sth. from sb.。
例如:I borrow a book from the library.(我从图书馆借了一本书。
sad [sæd] a. (使人)悲伤的safe [seɪf] a.n. 安全的;保险柜safety [ˈseɪftɪ] n. 安全,保险There’s safety in numbers 人多势众sail[seɪl] n.v. 航行;航行;开航salad [ˈsæləd] n. 色拉(西餐中的一种凉拌菜);沙律sale [seɪl] n. 卖;出售salt [sɔːlt, sɔlt] n. 盐same [seɪm] n.a. 同样的事;同样的,同一的sand [sænd] n. 沙,沙子sandwich [ˈsænwɪdʒ] n. 三明治(夹心面包片)satisfy [ˈsætɪsfaɪ] n 满意,满足Saturday [ˈsætədɪ] n. 星期六save [seɪv] vt. 救,挽救,节省save one’s life 挽救某人的生命save one’s face 保全面子save the situation 挽回局势save one’s breath 保持沉默save time 节约时间save on 节约,节省We will save a lot of time if we go by car.我们要是乘汽车去可以节省很多时间。
say(said, said) [seɪ] vt. 说,讲go without saying 显而易见say to oneself 自言自语scarf[skɑːf] n. 领巾;围巾school [skuːl] n. 学校schoolbag['sku:lbæg] n. 书包science [ˈsaɪəns] n. 科学,自然科学scientist[ˈsaɪəntɪst] n. 科学家scissors [ˈsɪzəz] n. 剪刀score [skɔː(r)] n.&v. 得分;分数a score-keeper 记分员a score –sheet 记分单a score of 二十个screen [skriːn] n. 幕,荧光屏sea[siː] n. 海,海洋in the sea 在海里on the sea 在海滨by sea 乘船a sea of flames 一片火海search [sɜːtʃ] n.&v. 搜寻,搜查search for sb/sth 寻找某人/某物Rescue workers searched all night in the hope of finding more survivors.营救人员彻夜搜寻,希望找到更多的幸存者。
易错/易混淆词辨析1、国外,外国?abroad:adv. 到(在)国外go abroad for further study foreign:adj. 外国的foreign students foreigner n. 外国人2、穿过through:prep. 从(中间)穿过go through the forest across:prep. 表面穿过go across the streetswim across the river在...对面across the bank遍及across the worldcross:v. 穿过= go/walk acrosscrossing n. 十字路口3、建议n.advice: [u] a piece of advicesuggestion: [c] some suggestionsHere is some advice that I want to share with you.Here are some suggestions.v. advise: advise sb.(not) to do stha dvise that sb. (should) do…suggest: suggest doing sths uggest that sb. (should) do…句型:It is strongly suggested/advised that…4、从前ago adv. three years ago 一般过去式的标志before adv. 现在完成时标志prep. before finishing the workthe day before yesterdayconj. We must tidy up the room before mom com es back.5、孤单;孤独?lonely adj. feel lonelyalone adj./adv be alone/stay at home alone6、lively:adj. 活泼的;有生机的alive:adj. 活着的;在世的be alive=be livingthe only one alive live:adj. ①活着的前置定语,只修饰物=living②现场直播的 a living concertv. 生活,居住living:adj. 活着的be livingthe living condition7、虽然although / though 不能与but连用但是however 后面有逗号相反;代替instead8、excited bored amazed surprised tiredexciting boring amazing surprising tiring-ed结尾修饰人sb. feel / be excited…make sb. excited-ing结尾修饰物sth. be interesting…It is interesting to do…9、两者或三者➢在…之间between:两者between A and Bamong:3≥最高级的标志之一➢都both:二者都both A and Ball:3≥all of them➢都不neither:两者都不neither A nor Bnone:指人或物均可none of them回答how many / much 回题➢任意一个either :①也(用于否定句中)②两者中的任意一个either A or Bany:3≥中任意一个➢另一个another:(三者或者三者以上的)另一个another+单数n.another two lessons= two more lessonsthe other:句子中必然有很明显“two”one …the other…(两者中的)另一个Some....while(而) others.....Some are like animals while others are like plants.10、回答n./v.answer:①v. answer the question②n. the answer to(...的)the question reply:①v. reply to the question②n. 回复,答复wait for your reply11、到达arrive in +大地方当地点为here,there,home arrive at +小地方等地点adv时省略介词get to + sp.reach + sp.reach v. ①到达②够得着It is so high that I can’t reach it.n. 臂展out of the reach12、feel sleepy 感到困的feel-felt-feltfall asleep 入睡fall - fell - fallengo to sleep 去睡觉13、注意attention n.注意pay ~ to (doing) sth.notice v.注意notice sb. doing sth.do sthn. 通知、告知14、beat:beat - beat - beatenbeat sb 打败某人或某个团体win:win - won - won (winner ,winning)win the prize / the match 赢得奖/比赛15、beside:prep. 在…旁边besides:除…之外还;而且.Except 除...之外but:conj. 但是prep. 除…之外16、借borrow:借进borrow sth. from sb.短暂性动词不与一段时间连用lend:借出lend sb sthlend sth to sbkeep:borrow对应的延续性动词I have kept the book for two weeks.17、brave:adj. 勇敢的courage:n. 勇气encourage:v. 鼓励~sb. to doencouragement:n. 鼓励18、休息rest:n. without rest v.break:n. 休息have a breakwithout a break19、bring:带来bring sth to swtake:带走carry:拿,搬,带不强调方向fetch / get:去取来强调往返20、call sb. 给某人打电话The girl called Alice is my sister.(分词作定语)The girl is called Alice.(谓语动词,被动语态) 21、care(n./v.)→careful(adj.)→carefully(adv.)→careless(adj.)→carelessly(adv.)22、cause:n.原因,起因同reasonv.促使,引起cause sb.to do23、开/关开门/关门open / close/shut the door开/关电器turn on / off the lights/taps(水龙头) close:①v. 关闭(门,窗)→closed:adj. 关着的keep the door closed②adj / adv. 近的,亲切的;近地close friends/stand close to me open:v. 打开adj. 开着的keep the door open(表状态) The shop is open from 9 am to 9 pm.24、花费①take—took—takenIt takes sb. time to do sth.doing sth. takes sb. time.②spend—spent—spentsb. spend time / money on sth.in doing sth.③cost—cost—coststh / Doing sth cost sb. Moneyn. 成本④pay—paid—paidsb. pay(money)for ath.25、情态动词+动词原形can:①能②表情求(could更委婉)③可能性常见:cant’t 不可能must:①肯定mustn’t 千万不能,禁止②必须26、死①die:v. died—dieddying(现在分词)②dead:adj. 死亡的③death:n. 死亡my brother’s death④dying adj. 濒临死亡的27、发展develop:v. develop the recycling policy development:n. with the development of…developed: 发达的developed countries developing: 发展中的developing countries28、困难的(注意中文意填空,每空一词,比如“更困难的”)hard—harder—hardestdifficult—more difficult—most difficult29、容易(注意中文意填空,每空一词,比如“更容易”)easy—easier—easiest adj.easily—more easily—most easily30、direct①adj. 直接的;直达的→directly:adv.②v. 指挥,指导;管理director:n.导演,主管direction:n.方向31、分开divide A into Bseperate A from B32、the doctor’s degree 博士学位33、穿v. put on 穿上动作wear 穿着状态dress 穿着dress oneself 自己穿衣get / dressed in 穿着…dress up 打扮prep. in the girl in redin a red coat(介词短语作定语)34、每个each:adj. each studentpron. Each has a computer.every:adj. every student 不能单独使用35、既可做adj又可做adv的词early:the early bus late / fast / highget up early/earlier37、east & eastern; center/centralin the east of Chinain the eastern part of China38、special—especiallyI love Rome,especially(special)in spring.39、害怕fear:v. 害怕,恐惧n. 担心,害怕afraid:adj. 害怕的be afraid to doof(doing)sth40、少a few 一些few 极少(几乎没有)+可数n复数little 极少(几乎没有)a little 一些+ [u]41、充满be filled with…/be full of…42、健康health:n. one’s healthhealthy:adj. healthy foodkeep healthyhealthily:adv. eat healthily43、hear:听到表结果hear—heard—heardhear sb. doing / do listen to 听,指过程listen to music / the teacher carefully see:看到,指结果see—saw—seensee sb. do / doing sth.look:看,表过程look at sth.read:读书read the book看(温度计,钟)read the clock watch:注意,观看watch TV / football matches44、high:adj / adv long:adj.长的height:n.高度length:n.长度weigh:v.重weight:n.重量45、代词Helen is a friend of mine.46、希望wish v.希望wish to do sthwish sb to do sthwish sb sth Wish you Merry Christmas.wish that sb did sth 虚拟语气wish n. 祝愿Best wishes!hope n./v.hope to do sth./hope that 从句hope for sth.There is no hope. hopeful/hopeless47、hundred,thousand,million,billion数字+原形three hundredthousand s / hundred s / million s of…48、ill:只做表语be illsick:可做表语和定语be sick,a sick boy49、include:v. It includes many colors.including:prep.Many cities,including Hangzhou,are heavily polluted.50、influence:n.影响have an influence on…v.影响The book influenced me a lot.powerful:adj. 强大的,有影响力的51、information:信息[u] search for informationmessage:[c](手机上)信息,口信,留言send a message news:[u]消息 a piece of news52、interest:n. 兴趣show an interested inv. 使…感兴趣interested:adj. be interested in (注意拼写) interesting:adj. 有趣的53、instead:位于句末或句首,“然而,反而”“代替”instead of:句中/后加n./pron./doing sthMany doesn’t like dancing.She likes dancing instead.此处不能填replace.54、job:[c] 工作 a jobwork:[u] 工作 a piece of work[c] 作品works of artv. 工作,学习work hardhard work 努力(名词词组)hard-working:adj. 勤奋的housework,homework,handwork 均为不可数n55、the key to success / to door / the question56、last:adj. 最近刚过去的last month最后的adv. 最后v. 持续finally=at last=in the end57、laugh at 嘲笑smile at 微笑58、lie:v.①躺lie-lay-lainlie-lying②撒谎lie-lied-liedn. 谎言tell a lielay:v. 产卵,摆放lay-laid-laid59、leave—left—left①离开:leave A for B②落在…:leave sth sw.③剩下:There is nothing left in the fridge.60、luck(n.)→lucky(adj.) →luckily(adv.)要注意拼写good luck lucky money Luckily,…(unluckily:adv. 不幸地) 61、main & mainly exact & exactlyThe main idea of the book is love.The book is mainly about mother’s love.The book mainly talks about mother’s love.62、其他other:adj. 其他的other+复nelse:adv. 疑问词+else what else复合不定代词+else something else What else do you want?=What other things do you want?63、hurt:v.伤害,受伤hurt-hurt-hurthurt one’s kneeadj.受伤的be badly / seriously hurt pain:n.疼痛have a pain in+身体部位in(great)painpainful:adj.疼痛的harm v. 伤害n.伤害64、pass:v.经过;传递;通过(比赛,考试等)past:adv. 经过go past=passn. 过去in the pastadj. 过去的my past life65、people:形单意复many peopleperson:[c] a person一个人不能写作:”a people”,可以写作a person 66、表“可能”情态v:can / could / many / might +动原adv:perhaps / maybe 位于句首probably句中(be、助v、情态v后、实义v前)67、be proud of…take pride in…68、问题answer / ask the questionsolve/work out/deal with the problem69、progress 不可数nmake great / rapid progress70、提供provide sb. with sth/provide sth for sb.offer sb sth/offer sth to sb.71、quick—quickerquickly—more quicklyslow—slowerslowly—more slowly72、raise:升高,饲养,举起,筹集(及物动词,后接宾语,可用于被动)rise:不及物v. 上升,上涨rise-rose-risen The sun rises in the east.Early to rise and early to bed makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.73、return①返回:return to the place②归还:return sth to sb=give back74、the same + n.+as …和…一样的…the same color as mine 和我的杯子一样的颜色different+复n. be different from75、simple—simply 以-le结尾的adjpossible—possibly 变作adv时,变-e为-y即可terrible—terribly -y即可特例:true:adj.真的→truly76、since:(现在完成时标志)prep. 从…以来since three days agoconj. ①从…以来Since 句子A,句子B句子A:一般过去时,句子B:现在完成Since I was a child,I have started to learn English.It is three years since I met her.②由于(通常位于句首)Since we have grown up.we can’t always depend on our parents.77、sound :v.听起来The music sounds beautiful.n.声音(的总称)voice:n.(人说话或唱歌)的声音noise:噪音make a noise78、success:n. 成功achieve successsucceed:v. 成功succeed in doing sth(注意时态变化)succeed edsuccessful:adj. 成功的successfully:adv. 成功地79、感叹句型What + (a / an ) + adj. + n. +(主+谓)!How + adj. / adv. + 主+ 谓!类似:such + ( a / an ) + adj. +n.80、surprise:n. 惊喜to one’s surprise令某人惊讶的是,…v. 使…惊喜surprised:adj. 惊喜的,惊奇的be surprised atsurprising:adj. 令人惊讶的surprisingly:adv. 令人惊讶地是…80、talk:谈论talk with sb. about sth.say:及物v. say sth…speak:后加某种语言speak Englishtell:告诉tell sb. sth tell a storytell sb. to do sth.81、whole:整个的the whole classtotal:总共的。
初中英语易混词辨析1. Almost 与nearly都意为几乎Almost的差距比nearly小,因此在差一刻开午饭时,可以说It is nearly lunchtime。
(快到午饭时间了)在差5分钟的时候,可以说it is almost lunchtime。
(马上要到吃午饭时间了)具体而言:(1)almost 能与never,no,none,nothing,nobody,nowhere,too,more than等词连用,这种情况下不能用nearly。
(2)nearly 可以和not连用,意思是“远不如”但almost 不和not单独连用。
,hardly意思是“几乎不”表否定的.Eg:almost no money = ?----Can you underst me?-----Sorry。
I can——hear you clearly。
A.almost B.ever C.hardly D.nearly2.a bit 与a little(1)相同处:作状语,修饰比较级。
He is a little/a bit better today。
(2)不同处:not a little =very ,not a bit =not at all。
作定语时a little of 中的of 可以省去,但a bit 后必须用of。
Eg:H is not a little tired。
A little money=?3.die ,dead ,death,与dyingDie是动词“死,死亡”dead是形容词“死的,不活的”表状态。
Death是名称,“死亡“dying 是形容词‘“垂死的,奄奄一息的”Eg:The()dog took a last look at its master。
He has been ()for about ten years。
His ()made them sad。
The cat ( ) on a cold ,snowy night。
易混易错词语辨析一、常考的易混淆词汇:1. 表示―花费‖的动词:cost,spend,pay和take。
2. 表示―借‖的动词:borrow,lend和keep。
3. 表示―到达‖的动词:arrive,get和reach。
4. 表示―穿衣服‖的动词:dress,put on,和wear。
5. 可译成―看‖的动词:look,see,read和watch。
6. 表示―携带‖的动词:bring,take,carry和fetch。
7. 表示―死亡‖的单词:die,dead,death和dying。
8. 表示―说话‖的动词:speak,say,talk和tell。
9. 与―寻找‖有关的词语:look for ,find和find out。
10. 表示―听‖的动词:listen,listen to和hear。
11. 表示―输赢‖的动词:lose,fail,beat和win12. 表示―参加‖的动词:join,attend和take part in。
13. 表示―变化‖的连系动词:turn,get,grow和become。
14. 与―落下、丢失‖有关的动词:lose, forget和leave15. 表示―穿过‖的介词:across和through16. 表示数量的little, a little, few, a few17. –ing形容词和-ed形容词常考的易混淆短语:1. have/ has gone to和have/ has been to2. used to和be used to3. a number of和the number of4. would like 和like5. maybe和may be6. go on doing和go on to do7. too much和much too二、中考常考重点易混单词详解:1. 表示“花费”的动词:cost,spend,pay和take。
这四个动词是近义词,汉语意思都是―花费‖,但用法不一样:cost表示某物花费某人的时间或者金钱,主语是表示―物‖的名词或者代词,句型是:Something costs somebody some time/ money。
初中英语易混淆的词语辨析咱都知道初中英语里有好多词语特别容易混淆,就像那些调皮的小精灵,在我们脑袋里捣乱。
1. “look”“see”和“watch”先说“look”,它强调看的动作,就像是你特意去瞅一眼啥东西。
比如“Look at the blackboard.”(看黑板),你得有意识地把目光投向黑板。
“see”呢,它更侧重于看到的结果。
举个例子,“I can see a bird in the tree.”(我能看到树上有只鸟),重点是你真的看到鸟这个结果了。
“watch”就不一样啦,它通常是指观看某个有动态的东西,像看电视“watch TV”,看比赛“watch a game”,是比较长时间地看那种有变化的东西哦。
2. “some”和“any”“some”一般用在肯定句里,表示一些。
像“I have some apples.”(我有一些苹果)。
不过呢,它也能用于表示请求或者希望得到肯定回答的疑问句里,比如“Would you like some tea?”(你想要些茶吗?)“any”大多用在否定句和疑问句里。
比如“I don't have any money.”(我没有钱),“Do you have any questions?”(你有任何问题吗?)3. “few”“a few”“little”“a little”“few”和“a few”是用来修饰可数名词的。
“few”表示几乎没有,有否定的意思。
例如“Few students can answer this difficult question.”(几乎没有学生能回答这个难题)。
“a few”就是有一些,是肯定的,像“There are a few books on the desk.”(桌子上有一些书)。
“little”和“a little”是修饰不可数名词的。
“little”表示几乎没有,否定的,例如“There is little water in the glass.”(杯子里几乎没有水了)。
第一组spend/ take /cost①spend的主语通常是“人”,即“某人在一花多少时间或金钱。
”例句:1)The boy spends a lot of money.(in) playing computer games.(那个男孩花了很多钱玩电子游戏。
)2)She spe nt lots of money on books last year.(去年她花费很多钱在书本上。
)②take前常以it作形式主语,作“做某事需要花多少时间。
”It takes + (人)+时间+ to do sth.1)How long does it take you to finish the work ?(你需要多少时间才能完成那工作)2)It took me an hour to repair my bike.(我花了一个小时修理自行车。
)3)It takes a lot of courage to tell the truth.(说真话需要很大的勇气。
)③cost的主语通常是事物,即指①某物值多少钱②需要多少时间③某人花了多少钱④使(某人)(丧失)(事/物)+ cost +(人)+时间/金钱1)The watch cost me two hun dred yua n.(这块手表花了我200块钱。
)2)Writing a novel cost plenty of time.(写本小说要花很多时间。
)v1.0可编辑可修改3)The girl's bad behavior cost her pare nts many sleepless ni ghts.(那个女孩的不良行为使得她的父母许多夜晚睡不着。
)注意:cost的过去式,过去分词都是cost o第二组:speak/say/tell/talk①speak说某种语言,说某人好、坏话是及物动词;发表讲话,对某人说话,是不及物动词。
1)The stude nts speak En glish very flue ntly.(这些学生英语说得非常流利。
)2)The Prime Minister spoke on the international situation.(首相就国际形势发表了演说。
)3)She always speaks ill of others.(她总是说别人的坏话。
)②speak的习惯用语:Gen erally speak ing —般而言Fran kly speak ing 坦白地说Strictly speak ing 严格地说not to speak of 且不说;更不用说1)Ge nerally speak ing, man is stron ger tha n woma n.(一般而言,男人比女人强壮。
)2)We can speak En glish, not to speak of Chin ese.(我们会读英语,汉语更不用说了。
)④say说出某句话或某件事;后接从句,(但say与从句之间不能直接接人称代词或名词)说明时间;书信、布告报纸上的“说”,习惯用法1)She said , “I love you. ”(她说:“我爱你。
”)2)Say goodbye to them.(跟他们说再见。
)3)She says she is busy.(她说她很忙。
)4)My watch says 10:00 sharp.(我的表是十点整。
)5)The paper says that there was a big fire in Shan ghai.(报上说上海发生了一场大火)。
6)It is said that she has bee n away for a mon th.(据说她已走了一个月了)7)It goes without say ing that educati on is importa nt.(不用说,教育是重要的。
)8)Tom is a good stude nt, that is to say, he gets good grades in school.(Tom是个好学生,也就是说,他在学校的成绩很好。
)③①tell说谎;讲故事;说实话1)D on't tell a lie.(不要说谎。
)2)She likes to tell stories.(她喜欢讲故事。
)3)We should always tell the truth.(我们应该永远说实话。
)③②tell辨别;叫某人做某事;接“间接”与“直接”宾语;tell +宾语+ that从句"Sometimes we can't tell right from wrong.(有时我们无法辨别是非。
)(他告诉我他要去那儿。
)④talk连续地说话;习惯用法1)What are the girls talki ng about ?(那些女孩们讲什么)2)Y oung people like to talk politics.(年青人喜欢谈论政治。
)3) 1 talked over the matter with her.(我与她谈论了那个问题。
)第三组:take /bri ng/carry/fetch①take作“带去” “拿去”解;从近处把东西送到远处例句:1)She'll take her childre n to the park.(她要带孩子去公园。
)2)lt's raining, you'd better take an umbrella with you.(下雨了;你最好把雨伞带上。
)②bring "拿来;带来”;从远处把东西拿到近外1)Bring the dictionary to me.(把字典拿给我。
)2)Please bring your report with you whe n you come tomorrow. (明天你来的时候,请把你的报告带来。
)③carry作“携带,带去;搬运”解1)She always carries a red han dbag.(她总是带一个红色手包。
)2)Please carry this TV set upstairs.(请把这台电视搬到楼上去。
)④fetch作“去…取来,拿来;叫某人来”解1)The football is over there. Fetch it please.(足球在那边呢,请把它拿回来。
)2)Fetch the police at once. We've found the robber.(马上去叫警察来,我们已经发现那个抢劫的人。
)第四组:wear/put on/ dress①wear穿着,戴;留,表示“状态”是及物动词需加宾语例句:1)She always wears a pair of glasses.(她总是戴着一副眼镜。
)2)He wears a black jacket today.(今天他穿着一件黑色的夹克。
)②put on穿上,戴上,表示“动作” 例句:1)The teacher put on his hat and went out of the office.(老师戴上帽子然后走出办公室。
)2)Put on the gloves」t's cold outside.(戴上手套外面很凉。
)③dress作“穿着…的衣服”解;给某人穿衣服不用写衣服例句:1)She is dressed in red.(她穿着红衣服。
)2)The mother dresses the child every day.(那位母亲每天给孩子穿衣服。
)此句不能加衣服。
3)She dresses herself in red.(此句等于第一个例句。
)第五组:do /make①do “做”主要是用来表示“行动”“行为”,如do omelets是“把蛋卷煎好”。
在do 后面常加一些抽象名词,如do wrong (犯错)。
“ wrong ”是抽象名词常与do搭配的短语有:①do on e's②do (the) some③do sb. a favor 帮人忙④do with利用;忍受;需要⑤do away with 废除⑥do without 用不着;不需要⑦have⑧do sb.⑨do noth ing but do 除了做…以外什么也没做⑩do bus in ess 做生意例句:1)I'll do the dishes today.(今天我来洗盘子。
)2)l've done my homework.(我已经做完了作业。
)v1.0可编辑可修改3)Cry ing does harm to you.(哭对你没有益处。
)4)Will you do me a favor ?(能否帮我一个忙)5)We cannot do without a teleph one in our bus in ess.(我们做生意没有电话是不行的。
)6)The new teacher did n't know what to do with the class.(新老师不知道如何对待他班上的学生。
)7) 1 did nothing but watch TV last ni ght.(昨晚我除了看电视以外什么也没有做。
)8)Who does your hair ?(平常是谁给你做头发的)②make "作”,表示"制造",其后的制做衣服; 宾语是make的产品。
女口make clothesmake后常跟一些可数名词常与make动词搭配的短语有:①make a②make an③make④make例句:1) They have make great progress in lear ning En glish.(在学习英语方面他们已经取得了很大的进步。
)2)Who is going to make a speech today ?(今天谁来演说)3) D on't make a no ise.嘘!(不要出声。
)4)She makes her livi ng as a teacher.(她作教师来维持生计。
)“看” look和see的区别Hello, boys and girls. 今天向你们介绍两位新朋友look和see,这两个单词都有"看"之意,但表示的意义和用法却不同.look强调"看"的动作,提醒别人注意"看",不强调"是否看到"。
如:Look! Miss Wu is comi ng. 看!吴老师来了.look年纪大,视力不好,看不到面前的人或事物,必须给他配上一副眼镜"at",才能看到面前的人或事物。