(word完整版)英语构词法练习题

英语构词法英语单词的构成方式主要有：合成法、转化法、派生法、缩写和简写法。

一、合成法：把两个或两相以上独立的词合成一个新词。

1. 名词+名词→名词basket+ball→basketball book+shop→bookshop book+store→ bookstorehouse+work → housework home+ work→ homework2. 形容词+名词→名词black+board→blackboard English+man→Englishman3. 介词+名词→名词（或形容词）after+noon→afternoon under+ground→ underground4. 名词+过去分词→形容词man+made→ man-made5. 名词（形容词）+名词+ed→形容词glass+topped→glass-topped玻璃罩着的kind+hearted→kind-hearted6. 副词+名词→介词in+side→inside down+stairs→downstairs二、派生法1. 后缀：后缀多数改变词性而不改变词义1）动词或形容词+er/or →名词write→writer foreign→foreigner invent→inventor visit→ visitor2) 动词+(t)ion/sion → 名词invent→invention operate→operation decide→decision attend→ attention3) 动词+ing/ed → 名词或形容词build→building interest→interesting/interested please→pleased4) 名词+ese →名词和形容词China→Chinese n.中国人adj.汉语的Japan→Japanese n. 日本人. 日语adj.5) 名词或动词+ ful →形容词：help →helpful use → useful6) 动词+able →形容词：enjoy→enjoyable forget → forgettable7) 名词+en →形容词：wool →woolen wood →wooden8) 名词+y → 形容词sun→sunny cloud→cloudy luck→lucky noise→noisy smell→smelly 9）形容词+ly →副词：happy adj →happily adv. wide adj. →widely adv.10) 形容词+ness→名词：good→goodness kind →kindness happy →happiness11) 名词+ly →形容词：friend→friendly love→lovely12) 名词+ less（ful）→形容词：care + less →careless help + less →helpless13) 名词+ al→形容词nation→national education→educational traditio n→traditional14) 名词+ ist →名词：science→scientist piano→pianist tour →tourist15) 动词+ ment→名词：develop→development agree→agreement argue→argument16) 形容词+ ity →名词：able→ability possible→possibility real→reality17) 名词+ous →形容词：danger n.危险→dangerous adj.危险的18) 名词+ish →形容词fool→foolish child→childish 幼稚的book→bookish书生气的19) 形容词或名词+en →动词：wide→widen 弄宽sharp锋利的→sharpen v. 使...尖锐fright n. 惊吓→frighten v. 使惊吓, 害怕20) 名词或形容词+ify →动词beauty n.美丽→beautify美化,变美simple 简单的→simplify简化,使单纯21) 形容词+ize →动词real真的→realize了解, 实现memory n.记忆力→memorize v.记忆22) 动词+tive →形容词act行为→active adj. 积极的attract 吸引→attractive adj. 有吸引力的23）动词+ess →名词（女性）host主持→hostess女主人act扮演→actress女演员wait→waitress女侍者24）构成数词的后缀有-teen (十几)，-ty (几十)，-th (构成序数词)six六→sixteen十六→sixteenth第十六，four四→forty四十→fortieth第四十2. 前缀（前缀一般只改变词的意思而不改变其词性）：1) un- (不，非，表示否定，形容词前缀)happy (高兴的) → unhappy（不高兴的）like (像) → unlike（不像）2) im- (不，无，非，表示否定，形容词前缀，常用在p, b, m开头的单词前)possible (可能的) → impossible（不可能的）polite → impolite3) in- (不，无，非，表示否定，形容词前缀)active →inactive complete →incomplete 不完全的4) dis-(不，非，表示否定，动词或形容词或名词前缀)honest→dishonest agree→disagree advantage优势→disadvantage不利5) mis- (表示错误)：understand →misunderstand (误解) mistake (错误), misuse (误用)6) re- (再，重复)：tell 叙述→ retell复述build 建筑→ rebuild 重建write →rewrite7) inter- (相互、交互、在一起)：interview, international, internet8) kilo- (千)：meter 米→kilometer 公里，千米gram 克→kilogram 千克9) micro- (微，小)：microwave oven 微波炉microcomputer 微型电脑三、转化法：而无须借助词缀，就实现词类的转化。

高中英语构词法专题复习(含有习题和答案)1.I wrote him a letter to show my________(appreciate)of his thoughtfulness.2.The first tomb was built at the_____(begin)of the15th century.3.Painting is a______(create)process.4.For our homework tonight,we have to write a_____(describe)of the street where we live.5.The_____(discover)of gold on their land made the people rapidly rich.6.I’d just like to____(emphasis)how important itis for people to learn foreign languages.7.My grandfather is as__(energy)as a young man and hates sitting around doing nothing at all.8.The first lesson was very_______(enjoy)----Iliked it a lot!9.These discoveries proved the______(exist)of a human species who lived in the area between700,000and200,000years ago.10.A smile is the universal___________(face) expression---it is intended to put people at ease.11.Those who change mobile phones frequently will pay a heavy price for being________________(fashion).12.The committee is discussing the problem right now.It will_______(hope)have been solved by the end of next week.13.The accused man proved his__________(innocent)of the crime.14.The government’s new scheme is designed to help the_________(job).15.The days start to__________(long)in March.16.__________(Luck),Peter didn’t get the job.17.The old man had no child so he suffered a lot from _________(lonely)18.Stop your______________(mean)chatter,boys. You are wasting time.19.How lucky he was!He won the lottery(彩票)and now he is a__________(million).20.They had the___________(fortune)to be hit bya violent storm.21.He lives in a__________(mountain)district，where traffic is extremely inconvenient.22.I am so full that I couldn’t eat another____________(mouth).23.We must pay special attention to the___________(mystery)stranger.24.Try to act____________(nature),even if you are tense.25.Public spending___________(necessary)affects the economy.26.After the race,I felt my heart beating___________(violence).27.The baby was sleeping__________(peace).28.He showed us___________(person)around the factory.29.It gives me great_________(please)to welcome our speaker.30._________(Polite)costs nothing and gains everything.31.The____________(popular)of professionalsports has been increasing steadily.32.You’ll have a____________(profession) photographer with you to take photographs.33.She has the right____________(qualify)for the job.rge___________(quantity)of fish have been caught.35.We shouldn’t have__________(race) discrimination.36.The price of this dress is____________(reason).I can’t afford it.37.Easter is an important__________(region)and social festival in Christian countries.38.It goes without________(say)that the proposal will be accepted.39.I left eleven years later,with my school leaving certificate,and a_(scholar)to study at Oxford.40.During_________(science)experiments,she explains exactly what is happening and as a result my work is improving.41.There is no__________(similar)between Tom andme.42.His bad behavior cost his mother many__________(sleep)nights.43.Anger left him__________(speech).44.It was a race against time to stop people dying from___________(starve).45.Difficulties__________(strong)the mind,as labor does the body.46.A positive outlook is vital to dealing_________(success)with the crisis in adolescence and old age in our life.47.It is a colorless,odorless and________(taste) gas,slightly heavier than air.48.He knew he had behaved badly and he seemed ________(true)sorry.49.This wounded soldier was___________(conscious) from his loss of blood50.It's_________(believe)that the event repeated itself years later in the same place.51.Overpopulation is a________(universe)problem.52.More and more people choose to shop in asupermarket as it offers a great___(vary)of goods.53.The_______(arrive)of migrant workers into the capital had seen Beijing’s population reach17.4 million.54..Besides,many newspapers are printed daily and can offer the readers__(rely)information.55.Girls make up only a small_____(percent)of students in computer science classes.56.I live in Hollywood.You may think people in such an________(attract),fun-filled place are happier than others.Maybe that is because you haven’t noticed the_________(happy)they’ve concealed from you.57.Ma also accepted a pair of pandas from China.In 2006,Taipei Zoo applied(申请)to host the pandas, Tuantuan and Yuanyuan,from the mainland.But the Taiwan government didn't allowtheir____________(apply).58.Firstly,it_________(able)the Chinese people to know more about the outside world and promote___________(friend)and mutual understanding.59.Loss and___(separate)are often what you findbehind a child acting out in school.60.By saving money,people give themselves more__________(secure).61.Star sapphires and other___________(value) jewels worth a total of one million dollars are on show behind glass.62..If time could be turned back,allow me to take you back to December26,2004.___________(tradition),it is a time for family gathering,a time for___________(celebrate).63.Because of the__________(popular)of TV and computers,they are getting much less exercise than before.64.“I would have no_________(object),”said the wolf,“if I could only get a place.”65.Some people have the feeling that nothing can be done about their poor reading________(able).65.An ounce of luck is better than a poundof__________(wise).66.Researchers in Italy examined the tail wagging ___________(behave)of30dogs,catching theirresponses to a range of stimuli(刺激物)with video cameras.67.Another_______________(convenience)feature of the EoL is that you’ll be able to pick the level of detail you want to see to match your interests,age, and knowledge.68.Health problems are________(close)connected with bad eating habits and a lack of exercise.69.You may_______(like)some types of food because they do not look,smell or taste very nice.70.What is more,it is true that computers can make________(decide),but they need detailed instructions and programs prepared by humans to operate.71.Then they chose three Broadway tunes that focused on race,________(equal)and social justice,the themesof the book.72.As I lined up for the start I glanced at the flag.It moved______(gentle)now.73.Some people have the feeling that nothing can be done about their poor reading ability(能力).They feel________(hope)about it.74.An important new study into teenage attitudes surprisingly shows that their family life ismore_________(harmony)than it has ever been in the past.75.The____________(inform)gained helped up in determining where special attention should be paid in our course.76.In the following account,she recalls the job that challenged her___________(imagine))and skill but left her flying high.77.A thousand words will not leave so deep an ___________(impress)as one deed.78.And I included only those books over a hundred pages in_________(long).79.Keep your eyes wide openbefore____________(marry),and half shut afterwards.80.Reading comprehension can’t be____(dependent)from the knowledge of writing.81.______________(music)often called him Pops,asa sign of respect for his influence(影响)on the worldof music.82.The northern city of Turin passed a law in Aprilto give pet________(own)fines of up to＄598if they do not walk their dogs three times a day.83.So far,scientists have named about1.8million living species(物种),and that’s just a small numberof what___________(probable)exists on Earth.84.Men can do nothing withoutits____________(permit),and it fastens its young round people's wrists so that everywhere men go they are still under its control.85.The best__________(prepare)for good work tomorrow is to do good work today.86.He answered me____________(rude)and said he would not come back.87.As his university was aware of the_________(significant)of his work,they gave him free time to do this research.88.Cuzco is a lively city where both Indian and __(Spain)culture and art can be seen.89.The best time to visit NZ is from November toApril---summer time in the________(south)hemisphere.90.Jo went to New York and became__________(succeed)in her writing and had the____________(satisfy)of seeing her work published there.91._________(like)other camp programs that include horses as a small part of their program,at Shadow Ridge horses ARE the program!92.The smell is,as usual,almost_________(bear), being a mixture of sweat,seal oil fat,and dirty underwear.构词法练习1（易）自查答案：1.appreciation2.beginning3.creative4. description5.discovery6.emphasize7.energetic8.enjoyable9.existence10.facial11.fashionable12.hopefully13.innocence14. jobless15.lengthen16.unluckily17.loneliness18.meaningless19. millionaire20.misfortune21.mountainous22.mouthful23.mysterious24.naturally25.necessarily26.violently 27.peacefully28.personally29.pleasure30.Politeness31.popularity32.professional33. qualification34.quantities35.racial36.unreasonable37. religious38.saying39.scholarship40.scientific41.similarity42. sleepless43.speechless44.starvation45.strengthen46.successfully47. tasteless48.truly49.unconscious50.unbelievable51.universal52. variety53.arrival54.reliable55.Percentage56.attractive/ happiness57.applications58.enables/friendship59.separation60.security 61.valuable62.Traditionally/celebrations63. popularity64.objection/ability65.wisdom66.behaviour67.convenient68.closely 69.dislike70.decisions71.equality72.gently73. rmation76.imagination 77.impression78.length79.marriage80.independent81.Musicians82.owners83.probably 84.permission85.preparation86.rudely87.significance88.Spanish89.southern90.successful 91.Unlike92.unbearable练习2Ⅰ.单项填空1.That man was________enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job.A.careB.carefulC.carelessD.carelessness2.The soldier died for saving the child，sohis________is heavier than Mount Tai.A.dieB.deadC.diedD.death3.The child looked________at his brother who was badly wounded.A.sadlyB.sadnessC.sadlyD.sad4.He is an expert at chemistry.We all call him aA.chemistryB.chemicalC.chemistD.physician5.The three-________chair isn’t suitable for ayoung child.He may fall off.A.leggingB.leggedC.legsD.leged6.Stephenson became the________railway engineer inthe world.A.leadB.leaderC.leadingD.leadership7.When the teacher praised him for working out the maths problem，Jack looked________about at his classmates.A.proudB.proudlyC.prideD.pridely8.To everyone’s________，the girl finished the jobquite well.A.satisfiedB.satisfactoryC.satisfying9.—What are you doing here?—Oh，my teacher asked me to write a passage about________in English.—You can write________passage in English?A.600words；a600-wordsB.600-word；a600-wordsC.600words；a600-wordD.600words；a600-words10.No one should enter the spot withoutthe________of the police.A.permitB.permissionC.permittingD.permittence11.You must come with us to the police________.Ourhead is waiting for you.A.headquartersB.headlineC.headmasterD.headache12.Letting that animal escape was no accident；youdid it________.A.intendB.intentionC.intentionallyD.intentional13.The shop owner welcomed all the guests witha________smile.A.practiceB.practiseC.practicalD.practiced14.The________ordered him to pay a$100fine.A.judgerB.judgmentC.judgeD.judgement15.My TV is out of order.Can you tell me what isthe________news about Iraq War?telytesttertter16.The Great Wall is more than6000liin________.A.longerB.lengthC.longD.longing17.To my________，I passed the exam easily.A.joyB.joyfulC.joylessD.joyness18.Canada is mainly an________country.A.English-speakingB.speak-EnglishC.spoken-EnglishD.English-spoken19.How________he is!He is always acting________.Heis really a________.A.foolish；foolishly；foolB.fool；foolish；foolC.foolish；fool；foolD.foolishly；foolish；fool20.The necklace that she lost is very expensive.It’s of great________.A.valuableB.valueC.valuelessD.unvaluable21.There were________fish in the river in South America.A.in dangerB.dangerC.dangerousD.dangerless22.The letter“b”in the word“doubt”is________.A.soundB.silentC.silenceD.sounded23.The child looked at me________.A.strangerB.strangelyC.strangeD.strangeless24.The black people were against slavery and foughtfor their________bravely.A.freeB.freelyC.freedomD.frees25.What you said sounded________but in fact it was untrue.A.reasonableB.reasonfulC.reasonlessD.unreason26.We have to learn________technology from other countries.A.advanceB.advancingC.advantageD.advanced27.The children live in a village________.They come here almost every day.A.nearbyB.nearC.nearlyD.near by28.Mr Black is an________in the army，notan________in the government.You can not easily find himin his________.A.official；officer；officeB.officer；office；officialC.official；official；officialD.officer；official；office29.You’d better give up smoking if you want to keep________.A.healthB.healthyC.healthilyD.healthier30.________speaking，I didn’t do it on purpose.A.HonestlyB.HonestC.HonestyD.Dishonest31.It sounds like a good plan，but there aresome________difficulties in carrying it out.A.practicedB.practicalC.practiceD.practicing32.His father possesses a________factory，which doesmost of the pollution to this river.A.paper-makeB.paper-makingC.papers-madeD.paper-made33.Marx left his homeland for some________reasons.A.politicallyB.politicsC.politicalD.politician34.It’s________to persuade him to give up smoking.He’s very stubborn.A.possibleB.possiblyC.impossibleD.impossibility35.Dan caught two________birds in the wood last weekand they are still________in the cage.A.alive；liveB.live；liveC.live；aliveD.alive；alive36.The doctor said that the old man’s conditionwas________and that they had tried their best.A.hopeB.hopedC.hopefulD.hopeless37.Ann felt so________that she could hardly open hereyes.A.sleepyB.asleepC.sleepD.sleeping38.We stood there________at the________sight.A.frightened；frightfulB.frightening；frightfulC.fright；frighteningD.frightful；fright39.The doctor’s advice________him from drinkingand smoking.A.encouragedB.couragedC.encouragementD.discouraged[参考答案]1-5BDACB6-10CBDCB11-15ACDCB 16-20BAAAB21-25CBBCA26-30DADBA31-35BBCCC36-39 DAAD。

前言：派生词是英语的六大构词法之一，也是最重要的一种构词法。

学习派生词的关键在于：熟悉名词、动词、形容词的各种前后缀。

学习派生词的意义在于：极大程度扩大词汇量和准确使用单词。

前后缀“冰山一角”练习一、形容词后缀（1）写出下列词相应的形容词，注：以-ous结尾advantage________ ambition________ anxiety________ continue________ courage________ danger________ disaster________ fame________ glory________ humor________ mountain________ mystery________ nerve________ number________ poison________ prosper________ religion________ suspicion________ vary________ vigor________（2）写出下列词相应的形容词，注：以-al结Chemistry________ class________ economy________ editor________ education________ exception________ finance________ function________ logic________ memory________ nation________ origin________ parent________ person________ physics________ politics________ region________ substance________ technique________ technology________（3）写出下列词相应的形容词，注：以-able结尾Ability________ accept________ access________ adapt________ avail________ avoid________ capability________ change________ comfort_________ compare________ convert________ Desire________ duration________ favor________ flexibility________ honor________ move________ notice________ permit________ reason________ sense________ vision________（4）写出下列词相应的形容词，注：以-ful结尾Beauty________ care________ cheer________ doubt________ faith________ fruit________ glass________ hand________ harm________ help________ mouth________ peace________ power________ skill________ spoon________ success________ thought________ wonder________二、名词后缀（1）写出下列词相应的名词，注：以-ment结尾achieve________ advance________ advertise________ agree________ disagree________ argue________ assign________ attach________ appoint________ develop________ embarrass________ encourage________ engage________ enjoy________ equip________ establish________ govern________ install________ manage________ move________ pave________ pay________ punish________ ship________ state________approve________ disapprove________ arrive________ propose________ refuse________ remove________ survive________ try________ withdraw________（3）写出下列词相应的名词，注：以-ance/-ence/-ency/cy结尾abundant________ accurate________ agent________ allow________ apply________ attend________ bankrupt________ competent________ compliant________ confident________ consist________ convenient________ inconvenient________ correspondent________ current________ dependent________ independent________ innocent________diplomat________ distant________ efficient________ elegant________ evident________ exist________ fluent________ frequent________ infer________ infant________ influential________ intelligent________ interfere________ offend________ patient________ perform________ prefer________ refer________ resident________ significant________ silent________ tend________ urgent________ vacant________ violent________（4）（5）写出下列词相应的名词，注：以-ion结尾act________ add________ admit________ attract________ associate________ collect________ combine________ complete________ commit________ communicate________ compose________ conclude________ consider________ consume________ create________ decide________ declare________ define________ describe________ destroy________ determine________ devote________ direct________ distinct________ discuss________ dominate________ educate________ elect________ evolve________ except________ exhaust________ exhibit________ exploit________ found________ identify________ illustrate________ imitate________ impress________ include________ intend________ introduce________ investigate________ invite________ liberate________ locate________ oblige________ occupy________ operate________ organize________ participate________ permit________ predict________ produce________ provide________ pollute________ possess________ recognize________ recommend________ regulate________ relate________ satisfy________ select________ solve________ submit________ suggest________ utilize________ verify________三、四、动词前后缀（1）写出下列词相应的动词，注：以-en开头或结尾large________ able________ courage________ rich________ hard________ weak________ broad________ soft________ moist________ length________ strength________ threat________ sharp________ sure________（2）magnified________ simple________ pure________ intense________ beauty________ clear________ electrical________ note________ unite________ dignity________（4）（5）写出下列词相应的动词，注：以-ize/ise/yze/yse结尾real________ industrial________ mechanic________ central________ popular________ evaporation________ standard________ neutral________ character________。

2011中考英语构词法汇总及练习一一.概念英语的构词法主要有:合成法,转化法,派生法,混成法,截短法和词首字母缩略法.二.相关知识点精讲1.转化法英语中，有的名词可作动词，有的形容词可作副词或动词，这种把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫作转化法。

1)动词转化为名词很多动词可以转化为名词，大多意思没有多大的变化(如下①)；有时意思有一定变化(如下②)；有的与一个动词和不定冠词构成短语，表示一个动作(如下③)。

例如：①Let's go out for a walk.我们到外面去散散步吧。

②He is a man of strong build.他是一个体格健壮的汉子。

③Let's have a swim.咱们游泳吧。

2)名词转化为动词很多表示物件(如下①)、身体部位(如下②)、某类人(如下③)的名词可以用作动词来表示动作，某些抽象名词(如下④)也可作动词。

例如：①Did you book a seat on the plane?你订好飞机座位了吗?②Please hand me the book.请把那本书递给我。

③She nursed her husband back to health.她看护丈夫，使他恢复了健康。

④We lunched together.我们在一起吃了午餐。

3)形容词转化为动词有少数形容词可以转化为动词。

例如：We will try our best to better our living conditions.我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。

4)副词转化为动词有少数副词可以转化为动词。

例如：Murder will out.(谚语)恶事终必将败露。

5)形容词转化为名词表示颜色的形容词常可转化为名词(如下①)；某些形容词如old, young, poor, rich, wounded, injured等与the连用，表示一类人，作主语时，谓语用复数(如下②)。

人教版高中英语词汇构词法分析练习题50题含答案解析1. The word “unhappy” is formed by adding the prefix “un - ” to the word “happy”. Which of the following words is also formed in this way?A. reuseB. disappearC. unkindD. rewrite答案解析：C。

选项A“reuse”是由前缀“re - ”加上“use”构成，表示“再利用”，是“re - ”（ 再、又）这个前缀的构词法。

选项B“disappear”是由前缀“dis - ”加上“appear”构成，表示“消失”，是“dis - ”（否定、相反）这个前缀的构词法。

选项C“unkind”是由前缀“un - ”加上“kind”构成，和“unhappy”一样，“un - ”表示否定，“unkind”意为“不友善的”，符合题意。

选项D“rewrite”是由前缀“re - ”加上“write”构成，表示“重写”，是“re - ”的构词法。

2. We know that “recycle” means to treat things so that they can be used again. Which word has the same prefix as “recycle”?A. untrueB. remarryC. dislikeD. unable答案解析：B。

选项A“untrue”的前缀是“un - ”，表示否定，意为“不真实的”。

选项B“remarry”的前缀是“re - ”，和“recycle”的前缀一样，“re - ”表示“再、又”，“remarry”意为“再婚”。

选项C“dislike”的前缀是“dis - ”，表示否定、相反，意为“不喜欢”。

选项D“unable”的前缀是“un - ”，表示否定，意为“不能的”。