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沙特阿美工程规程SAEP

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Previous Issue: 15 October 2008 Next Planned Update: 15 October 2013Revised paragraphs are indicated in the right marginPage 1 of 5 Primary contact: Ghulam, Ziad Mohammad Jamil on 966-3-8745670Engineering ProcedureSAEP-134 4 March 2009 Preparation of Saudi Aramco Engineering ProceduresDocument Responsibility: Standards CoordinatorSaudi Aramco DeskTop StandardsTable of Contents1 Scope (2)2 Applicable Documents (2)3 Instructions (2)4 Responsibilities (4)Next Planned Update: 15 October 2013 Preparation of Saudi Aramco Engineering Procedures1 ScopeSaudi Aramco Engineering Procedures (SAEPs) establish instructions andresponsibilities associated with various engineering activities. This document contains the instructions to initiate, format, prepare, revise, coordinate and obtain approvals forall SAEPs.SAEPs are procedures, approved by Saudi Aramco Management, that establishminimum requirements for dealing with their associated subject material. They aremandatory and apply on a Company-wide basis.2 Applicable DocumentsThe requirements contained in the following documents apply to the extent specified in this procedure:Saudi Aramco Engineering ProceduresSAEP-301 Instructions for Establishing and MaintainingMandatory Saudi Aramco EngineeringRequirementsSAEP-302 Instructions for Obtaining a Waiver of a MandatorySaudi Aramco Engineering Requirement3 Instructions3.1 PurposeThe purpose of a SAEP is to establish and approve a systematic method orprocess of accomplishing an engineering related activity.3.2 Organization and Contents3.2.1 The content of each SAEP is to be divided and the material organizedinto a minimum of four mandatory sections:∙Scope: This section of the procedure is normally used to describe thesubject matter of the document, including the extent of itsapplication. It can also make an overall general statementencompassing the content or functional intent of the SAEP.∙Applicable Documents: This section lists all documents that arereferenced within the procedure. Do not list documents that are notreferred to.Next Planned Update: 15 October 2013 Preparation of Saudi Aramco Engineering Procedures ∙Instructions: This section provides the procedure's instructions orguidelines to be followed.∙Responsibilities: This section establishes the responsibilities,authority and approvals associated with carrying out the procedure'sinstructions.3.2.2 Additional sections may be included as necessary, depending upon thesubject matter involved. Add more sections only when it is necessary toinclude material that does not logically fit within one of the mandatorysections.3.2.3 Appendices may be included to provide information in support of themain text of the SAEP. This may include tables, charts, graphs,examples, etc. Do not include Saudi Aramco forms in the procedure.Instead, make reference to them by their form number.Identify appendices as Appendix A, B, etc., on consecutively numberedpages. Locate appendices after the last page of the last SAEP sectionand list each appendix in the Table of Contents.3.3 Deviation from Procedure RequirementsApproval to deviate from the requirements given in a SAEP shall be obtained byfollowing the waiver instructions of SAEP-302.3.4 Cancellation of SAEPCancel existing SAEPs by obtaining the signature of the procedure's ApprovalAuthority.3.5 Document NumberingDocument numbers will be assigned to SAEPs based on the following:∙Two digit numbers: Approval by Senior Vice President∙Three digit numbers: Approval by Vice President or Chief Engineer∙Four digit numbers: Approval by Department ManagerThe mechanism of determining the document number of an engineeringprocedure will be based on the safety, cost, and maintenance and operationsimpact of the procedure. It will be supported and based on the followingfundamental nature:a) If the procedure will be utilized solely by the Saudi Aramco ResponsibleNext Planned Update: 15 October 2013 Preparation of Saudi Aramco Engineering ProceduresOrganization (who develops the procedure), a four digit number will beassigned and approval shall be by the Department Manager.b) If the procedure will be utilized by other department(s) within the sameadmin. area aside from the SARO, a three digit number will be assignedand the approval shall be by the Vice President or Chief Engineer.c) If the document will be utilized by other department(s) belonging to otherbusiness line(s), a two digit number will be assigned and the approval shallbe by the Sr. Vice President of the proponent organization.Commentary Note:The Saudi Aramco Responsible Organization (SARO) should evaluate the costimplication as a result of developing a two-digit procedure.4 Responsibilities4.1 Saudi Aramco Responsible Organization (SARO)The SARO is the department responsible for the procedure. All SAEPs musthave an assigned SARO. Specific responsibilities of the SARO include:∙Determine the need for new SAEPs, and review existing SAEPs, at least once every five (5) years per SAEP-301, to determine if they are still valid.Where required, revise procedures to achieve broadest company-wideapplication, maintain overall cost-effectiveness, ensure technical adequacy,and generally keep them up-to-date.∙Determine the approval authority for the procedure.∙Determine if company-wide input is needed for procedures containing major revisions or new SAEPs.∙Forward draft documents to the Standards Coordinator to either route for BOE review or for the completion of approval, publication, and distributionprocesses per SAEP-301 paragraph 4.7(g).∙Forward all original approval copies of procedures to the StandardsCoordinator for historical filing. Include other documents judged importantenough to be kept with the document file.4.2 Board of Engineers (BOE)∙Review SAEPs as required by paragraph 4.1, ensuring they are acceptable from the technical, safety, economic and implementation standpoint.Next Planned Update: 15 October 2013 Preparation of Saudi Aramco Engineering Procedures ∙Recommend to the Approval Authority, appropriate changes to achieve an optimum balance of technical, safety, economic and implementation factors.4.3 Approval AuthorityThe Approval Authority, determined by the SARO for each procedure, shallreview each procedure to ensure that the final procedure should be approved foruse. For documents reviewed by the BOE, ensure that all major comments havebeen resolved.4.4 Standards CoordinatorThe Standards Coordinator is responsible for the administration of all SAEPs.Specific responsibilities include:∙Maintain accurate records of all approved SAEPs, including issue dates and next planned revisions. Keep historical files and copies of all SAEPs,including original document approval signatures.∙Assign document numbers to new SAEPs.∙Establish document format and content requirements. Review all SAEPs prior to final approval for conformance to these requirements.∙Forward draft SAEPs to the BOE for review, and final revised SAEPs to the document's Approval Authority.∙Approve minor editorial changes to the procedure for such things astypographical errors, organization name and title changes approved byManagement, and reference document name changes.∙Disseminate the information of all approved SAEPs per SAEP-301paragraph 4.7(g).∙Notify SARO representatives of approaching planned revision dates insufficient time to allow an orderly review and rewrite of the procedure, ifrequired.Revision Summary15 October 2008 Revised the "Next Planned Update." Reaffirmed the contents of the document, andreissued with editorial changes.4 March 2009 Editorial revision to clarify Section 3.5 (Document Numbering).。

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沙特阿美工程规程SAEP-134

沙特阿美工程规程SAEP-134

Previous Issue: 15 October 2008 Next Planned Update: 15 October 2013Revised paragraphs are indicated in the right marginPage 1 of 5 Primary contact: Ghulam, Ziad Mohammad Jamil on 966-3-8745670Engineering ProcedureSAEP-134 4 March 2009 Preparation of Saudi Aramco Engineering ProceduresDocument Responsibility: Standards CoordinatorSaudi Aramco DeskTop StandardsTable of Contents1 Scope (2)2 Applicable Documents (2)3 Instructions (2)4 Responsibilities (4)Next Planned Update: 15 October 2013 Preparation of Saudi Aramco Engineering Procedures1 ScopeSaudi Aramco Engineering Procedures (SAEPs) establish instructions andresponsibilities associated with various engineering activities. This document contains the instructions to initiate, format, prepare, revise, coordinate and obtain approvals forall SAEPs.SAEPs are procedures, approved by Saudi Aramco Management, that establishminimum requirements for dealing with their associated subject material. They aremandatory and apply on a Company-wide basis.2 Applicable DocumentsThe requirements contained in the following documents apply to the extent specified in this procedure:Saudi Aramco Engineering ProceduresSAEP-301 Instructions for Establishing and MaintainingMandatory Saudi Aramco EngineeringRequirementsSAEP-302 Instructions for Obtaining a Waiver of a MandatorySaudi Aramco Engineering Requirement3 Instructions3.1 PurposeThe purpose of a SAEP is to establish and approve a systematic method orprocess of accomplishing an engineering related activity.3.2 Organization and Contents3.2.1 The content of each SAEP is to be divided and the material organizedinto a minimum of four mandatory sections:∙Scope: This section of the procedure is normally used to describe thesubject matter of the document, including the extent of itsapplication. It can also make an overall general statementencompassing the content or functional intent of the SAEP.∙Applicable Documents: This section lists all documents that arereferenced within the procedure. Do not list documents that are notreferred to.Next Planned Update: 15 October 2013 Preparation of Saudi Aramco Engineering Procedures ∙Instructions: This section provides the procedure's instructions orguidelines to be followed.∙Responsibilities: This section establishes the responsibilities,authority and approvals associated with carrying out the procedure'sinstructions.3.2.2 Additional sections may be included as necessary, depending upon thesubject matter involved. Add more sections only when it is necessary toinclude material that does not logically fit within one of the mandatorysections.3.2.3 Appendices may be included to provide information in support of themain text of the SAEP. This may include tables, charts, graphs,examples, etc. Do not include Saudi Aramco forms in the procedure.Instead, make reference to them by their form number.Identify appendices as Appendix A, B, etc., on consecutively numberedpages. Locate appendices after the last page of the last SAEP sectionand list each appendix in the Table of Contents.3.3 Deviation from Procedure RequirementsApproval to deviate from the requirements given in a SAEP shall be obtained byfollowing the waiver instructions of SAEP-302.3.4 Cancellation of SAEPCancel existing SAEPs by obtaining the signature of the procedure's ApprovalAuthority.3.5 Document NumberingDocument numbers will be assigned to SAEPs based on the following:∙Two digit numbers: Approval by Senior Vice President∙Three digit numbers: Approval by Vice President or Chief Engineer∙Four digit numbers: Approval by Department ManagerThe mechanism of determining the document number of an engineeringprocedure will be based on the safety, cost, and maintenance and operationsimpact of the procedure. It will be supported and based on the followingfundamental nature:a) If the procedure will be utilized solely by the Saudi Aramco ResponsibleNext Planned Update: 15 October 2013 Preparation of Saudi Aramco Engineering ProceduresOrganization (who develops the procedure), a four digit number will beassigned and approval shall be by the Department Manager.b) If the procedure will be utilized by other department(s) within the sameadmin. area aside from the SARO, a three digit number will be assignedand the approval shall be by the Vice President or Chief Engineer.c) If the document will be utilized by other department(s) belonging to otherbusiness line(s), a two digit number will be assigned and the approval shallbe by the Sr. Vice President of the proponent organization.Commentary Note:The Saudi Aramco Responsible Organization (SARO) should evaluate the costimplication as a result of developing a two-digit procedure.4 Responsibilities4.1 Saudi Aramco Responsible Organization (SARO)The SARO is the department responsible for the procedure. All SAEPs musthave an assigned SARO. Specific responsibilities of the SARO include:∙Determine the need for new SAEPs, and review existing SAEPs, at least once every five (5) years per SAEP-301, to determine if they are still valid.Where required, revise procedures to achieve broadest company-wideapplication, maintain overall cost-effectiveness, ensure technical adequacy,and generally keep them up-to-date.∙Determine the approval authority for the procedure.∙Determine if company-wide input is needed for procedures containing major revisions or new SAEPs.∙Forward draft documents to the Standards Coordinator to either route for BOE review or for the completion of approval, publication, and distributionprocesses per SAEP-301 paragraph 4.7(g).∙Forward all original approval copies of procedures to the StandardsCoordinator for historical filing. Include other documents judged importantenough to be kept with the document file.4.2 Board of Engineers (BOE)∙Review SAEPs as required by paragraph 4.1, ensuring they are acceptable from the technical, safety, economic and implementation standpoint.Next Planned Update: 15 October 2013 Preparation of Saudi Aramco Engineering Procedures ∙Recommend to the Approval Authority, appropriate changes to achieve an optimum balance of technical, safety, economic and implementation factors.4.3 Approval AuthorityThe Approval Authority, determined by the SARO for each procedure, shallreview each procedure to ensure that the final procedure should be approved foruse. For documents reviewed by the BOE, ensure that all major comments havebeen resolved.4.4 Standards CoordinatorThe Standards Coordinator is responsible for the administration of all SAEPs.Specific responsibilities include:∙Maintain accurate records of all approved SAEPs, including issue dates and next planned revisions. Keep historical files and copies of all SAEPs,including original document approval signatures.∙Assign document numbers to new SAEPs.∙Establish document format and content requirements. Review all SAEPs prior to final approval for conformance to these requirements.∙Forward draft SAEPs to the BOE for review, and final revised SAEPs to the document's Approval Authority.∙Approve minor editorial changes to the procedure for such things astypographical errors, organization name and title changes approved byManagement, and reference document name changes.∙Disseminate the information of all approved SAEPs per SAEP-301paragraph 4.7(g).∙Notify SARO representatives of approaching planned revision dates insufficient time to allow an orderly review and rewrite of the procedure, ifrequired.Revision Summary15 October 2008 Revised the "Next Planned Update." Reaffirmed the contents of the document, andreissued with editorial changes.4 March 2009 Editorial revision to clarify Section 3.5 (Document Numbering).。

沙特阿美集输管道项目现场外防腐施工技术

沙特阿美集输管道项目现场外防腐施工技术

沙特阿美集输管道项目现场外防腐施工技术摘要：沙特阿美的质量管理体系以严格著称，承接阿美公司的管道施工项目，有必要掌握相关其质量标准和施工技术。

本文结合沙特NGCP项目实际施工经验，主要介绍了管道环焊缝防腐补口和场站工艺管道喷漆施工对于人员资质、材料选用、施工要点、检验要求以及注意事项等，以期对类似工程的施工开展提供指导和借鉴。

关键词：沙特阿美环焊缝补口工艺管道喷漆依据沙特阿美标准，油气管道和场站现场防腐必须选用APCS（Aramco Approved Coating System）体系认证的涂层系统进行防腐作业。

防腐作业工序是阿美业主最为重视的工序之一，直接影响未来油气设施的安全运行，也是项目验收阶段业主PMCC（Partial Mechanical Completion Certificate）业主给出最多需要关闭的尾项，因此对于承包商来说，不论前期还是后期，防腐施工都是影响项目成败的关键工序，必须给与足够的重视。

本文根据沙特NGCP项目施工经验和质量管理经验，结合阿美标准要求，对集输管道环焊缝补口补伤施工和场站喷漆施工技术进行介绍，以期对类似项目提供经验借鉴。

1 人员资质阿美程序文件SAEP-316要求，所有现场执行表面处理、防腐、验收作业的人员必须通过阿美认证[1]。

现场施工作业必须配备通过阿美认证的防腐机组长，专职质检员（分为一级和二级质检员），沙特NGCP项目合同要求现场配备二级质检员。

冷缠工、喷砂工、喷漆工需要通过现场演示考试，取得JCC（Job Clearance Card）卡, 方能进入作业现场进行工作。

面试和考试都需要提交证明材料和一定的时间（至少1个星期），所以根据工程进度要提前谋划和考虑。

2 现场环焊缝补口2.1 材料选用与国内工程惯常使用使用聚乙烯胶黏带不同，沙特埋地管道环焊缝补口可以应用113C系统（冷缠带）也可以使用系统113A（高粘度环氧漆）。

出于施工便利性，工程采用冷缠带施工进行补口。

沙特阿美工程规程SAEP-27 Pipelines Piping Hydraulic Surge Analysis

沙特阿美工程规程SAEP-27 Pipelines Piping Hydraulic Surge Analysis

Previous Issue: New Next Planned Update: 19 July 2014Page 1 of 14 Primary contact: on 966-3-8730674Engineering ProcedureSAEP-27 19 July 2009Pipelines/Piping Hydraulic Surge AnalysisDocument Responsibility: Process and Control Systems Dept.Saudi Aramco DeskTop StandardsTable of Contents1 Scope (2)2 Conflicts and Deviations (2)3 Applicable Documents (2)4 Definitions (4)5 Instructions (5)6 Responsibilities (11)Exhibits (12)Next Planned Update: 19 July 2014 Pipelines/Piping Hydraulic Surge Analysis1 ScopeThis Saudi Aramco Engineering Procedure (SAEP) provides technical guidance todefine full scope of hydraulic surge analysis during DBSP, Project Proposal, DetailedDesign and throughout the different stages of a project cycle and throughout theoperational life of a pipeline to ensure consistent approach. It provides Saudi Aramcoengineers and engineering design contractors with guidelines describing therequirements to conduct and review pipelines hydraulic surge analysis studies forexisting and new facilities.2 Conflicts and Deviations2.1 Any conflicts between this standard and other applicable Saudi AramcoEngineering Standards (SAESs) or industry standards, codes, and forms shall beresolved in writing through the Manager, Process & Control Systems Departmentof Saudi Aramco, Dhahran.2.2 Direct all requests to deviate from this standard in writing to the Company, whoshall follow internal company procedure SAEP-302 and forward such requests tothe Manager, Process & Control Systems Department of Saudi Aramco, Dhahran.3 Applicable DocumentsTo ensure compliance with the appropriate Saudi Aramco and International Standardsand Codes for over pressure protection of pipelines, the following EngineeringStandards shall be reviewed in conjunction with hydraulic surge analysis studies. These Standards encompass hydraulic analysis, surge analysis, over pressure protection ofpipelines, design pressure, materials, operating conditions, Maximum AllowableOperating Pressures and Maximum Allowable Surge Pressures.3.1 Saudi Aramco ReferencesSaudi Aramco Engineering ProceduresSAEP-12 Project Execution PlanSAEP-14 Project ProposalSAEP-302 Instructions for Obtaining a Waiver of aMandatory Saudi Aramco EngineeringRequirementSAEP-303 Engineering Reviews of Project Proposal andDetail Design DocumentationNext Planned Update: 19 July 2014 Pipelines/Piping Hydraulic Surge Analysis SAEP-354 High Integrity Protective Systems DesignRequirementsSAEP-363 Pipeline Simulation Model Development andSupportSaudi Aramco Engineering StandardsSAES-B-017 Fire Water System DesignSAES-B-058 Emergency Shutdown, Isolation, and DepressuringSAES-B-060 Fire Protection for Piers, Wharves and SeaIslandsSAES-B-064 Onshore and Nearshore Pipeline SafetySAES-B-070 Fire and Safety Requirements for Bulk PlantsSAES-J-600 Pressure Relief DevicesSAES-J-601 Emergency Shutdown and Isolation SystemsSAES-J-605 Surge Relief Protection SystemsSAES-J-700 Control ValvesSAES-L-100 Applicable Codes and Standards for PressurePiping SystemsSAES-L-132 Material Selection of Piping SystemsSAES-L-310 Design of Plant PipingSAES-L-410 Design of PipelinesSaudi Aramco Engineering ReportsSAER-5437 Guidelines for Conducting HAZOP StudiesSAER-6043 High Integrity Protection System (HIPS)Evaluation Team Report3.2 International Standards and CodesANSI/ASME Code “Process Piping” Chemical plant and petroleum refinerypipeline for in-plant pipingANSI/ASME B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged FittingsANSI/ASME B31.1 Power PipingANSI/ASME B31.3 Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Pipelineor In-Plant PipingNext Planned Update: 19 July 2014 Pipelines/Piping Hydraulic Surge Analysis ANSI/ASME B31.4 Liquid Petroleum Transportation Piping Systemsfor Cross-Country Liquid PipelinesANSI/ASME B31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution PipingSystemsAmerican Petroleum InstituteAPI STD 521 Pressure-Relieving and Depressuring Systems American Water Works AssociationAWWA M45 American Water Works Association, FiberglassPipe DesignNational Fire Protection AssociationNFPA 24 Installation of Private Fire Services Mains andtheir AppurtenancesNFPA 25 Inspection, Testing and Maintenance of Waterbased Fire Protection Systems4 DefinitionsHydraulic Surge:Also referred to as “water hammer.” This is a phenomenon inpipeline operations characterized by a sudden increase in internal pressure. Hydraulicsurge is often caused by the transformation of kinetic energy to potential energy as astream of fluid is suddenly stopped.Surge Analysis: An engineering study that is undertaken to perform a hydraulic transient analysis of a specific system through the use of specialized simulation software whichmodels the system, fluid and operating conditions. The transient analysis will predict the time history of pressures and flows throughout a system as a result of potentiallyapplicable transient events. From the results, an experienced engineer/specialist candetermine whether additional surge protection is required, what form of surge protection is most suitable, its capacity and where it should be located. The surge/transient analysis referred to in this Standard is specific to pipelines/piping systems.HAZOP (Hazard and Operability): A systematic, detailed analysis technique applied to identify hazards and operability issues which have the potential to place the process plant, environment or personnel at risk. The HAZOP study identifies abnormal process deviations that may require additional protective functions. The HAZOP analysis shall follow the guidelines of SAER-5437, Saudi Aramco HAZOP Engineering Report.PHA (Preliminary Hazards Analysis): An initial screening exercise that can be used to identify, describe, and rank major hazards. This technique can also be used toNext Planned Update: 19 July 2014 Pipelines/Piping Hydraulic Surge Analysis identify possible consequences and likelihood of occurrence and providerecommendations for hazard mitigation.5 Instructions5.1 General Requirements5.1.1 PMT shall provide a copy of this Engineering Procedure to theEngineering design contractor involved in conducting the hydraulic andsurge analysis study and a full comply to this procedure shall be notifiedto the contractor.5.1.2 Risk assessment studies such as PHA or HAZOP, if available, shall beused as a basis for the surge analysis. The whole risk assessment (PHAand HAZOP) shall be an exercise in which all concerned parties(stakeholder organizations) are involved in sharing awareness andresponsibility for the decisions and assumptions made to commence thesurge analysis study. The risk assessment shall be conducted as definedin SAEP-12, SAEP-14 and SAEP-303.5.1.3 The engineering design contractor shall use the approved pipelinesimulation software that is defined in the Saudi Aramco RecommendedSimulation Software Vendor List. The approved list can be obtainedfrom P&CSD/Pipelines & Simulation Unit.5.1.4 At the completion of the hydraulic surge studies, the engineering designcontractor shall submit an electronic copy of complete simulation modelsand supporting documents to P&CSD/Pipelines & Simulation Unit, theProponent and FPD for review and approval.5.2 Surge Analysis Preparation ProceduresThe hydraulic surge analysis study shall be undertaken if over pressure ortransient risks to piping or pipelines are identified in the following phases of aproject or where changes to operating conditions are made including:1) Conceptual and Feasibility studies have been completed, detailed engineeringdesign such as DBSP, Project Proposal and Detailed Design is in progress.2) Prior to any change in existing pipeline operation or modification to thepipeline system. If the maximum flow rates or maximum operatingpressures increased from the previous operation, a new surge analysis at thenew conditions to ensure that the pipeline system is protected.3) Any change or equipment data update in the detailed design, final pipelinedesign, at the last minute, or during construction works.Next Planned Update: 19 July 2014 Pipelines/Piping Hydraulic Surge Analysis4) During commissioning and start up activities, especially for testing sectionsof the pipeline system or if the tested system is different from the standarddesign configuration.The study shall not be limited to the mentioned transient risk situations andP&CSD shall endorse the hydraulic surge analysis study timing.Before the surge analysis commences, a technical specification for the surgeanalysis study shall be prepared and approved by Proponent or SAPMT’sengineering contractor to acknowledge the problem for further assessment,scope development, and possible surge protection solution. The following listshall be completed to define full scope of the surge analysis for pipelines toensure a consistent approach for all projects.5.2.1 Analysis ObjectiveThe objective of the analysis will determine the extent of the pipelinesystem to be modeled and the accuracy of data required during pipelinemodel development and evaluation. A clear surge analysis objectiveshall be prepared and agreed with the pipeline hydraulic and surgeanalysis specialist of P&CSD prior to conducting the analysis.5.2.2 Pipeline System ScopeHydraulic surge analysis shall not be limited by project scope of work.The whole pipeline system needs to be analyzed and the model built forhydraulic surge analysis shall include all the possible causes from withinor beyond project scope boundaries and interfaces with other relatedfacilities.5.2.3 Possible Scenarios of Surge AnalysisThe transient/surge flow conditions that are expected to occur shall bedefined. The analysis shall look at various possible causes, identify thecritical cases, specify and design the necessary surge protection systemas identified during the PHA, HAZOP and surge analysis studies.Exhibit II shall be used as a checklist to identify potential causes oftransient pressure. As a minimum the following potential causes ofliquid piping overpressure shall be investigated:a) Inadvertent closure of a pipeline Class-1 or Class-2 valve.b) Closure of a downstream plant ESD valve.c) Trip of intermediate pump.Next Planned Update: 19 July 2014 Pipelines/Piping Hydraulic Surge Analysisd) Closure of one looped pipeline.e) Closure of more than one looped pipeline.f) Closure of isolation valves, inside interfacing, upstream anddownstream.g) Closure or control failure of a pipeline or downstream control valve.h) Inadvertent start of a standby pump, in addition to existing pump(s)operationi) Impact of new pipeline interfacing with existing pipeline5.2.4 Data RequirementsThe following list identifies data that shall be gathered before a surgeanalysis study is conducted:a) Pipeline system data: General description of the pipeline system,function and a summary of the likely hazard scenarios as identifiedin the PHA and HAZOP studies. Pipeline data including length,elevation profile, diameter, wall thickness, roughness or frictionfactor, elastic (Young’s) modulus, pressure rating, maximumpermissible pressure (pipes, components, joints, support), minimumacceptable pressure (pipes, components, joints, supports).b) Operating conditions: pipeline inlet pressure and temperature,arrival pressure, maximum and minimum flow rates.c) Fluid data: The key data required are the physical properties at therelevant operating pressure and temperature for the evaluatedpipeline system. Physical properties include: density, viscosity, truevapor pressure, bulk modulus, working temperature. Alternatively,for compositional analysis, the fluid composition shall be defined.d) Ambient conditions (summer/winter temperatures), thermalconductivities for pipelines and soil and/or the overall heat transfercoefficient between the pipeline and soil.e) Pumps: Type, number, location, performance characteristics, withoperating curves and the following rated conditions: (head, flow,speed, power and efficiency), Inertia of rotating elements (impeller,motor and coupling)f) Valves: Type, number, location, dynamic performance characteristic(Cv curve), open/close time, pressure rating and maximumpermissible pressure. Additional data for pressure relief valves: setNext Planned Update: 19 July 2014 Pipelines/Piping Hydraulic Surge Analysispressures for opening and closing, time needed to open and close,discharge pressure.g) Tanks: Location, general layout, dimensions, maximum, minimumand normal levels of the liquid surface, elevation relative to themain pipeline, length and diameter of the connecting piping.h) Bypass piping: Location, length, diameter, head loss.i) Surge and transient event data: Time scale of valve and pumpsoperation (Control Logic) and sequence of events to be investigated.j) Units of measurements must be consistent.5.2.5 Surge Analysis Methodology1) The analysis shall be performed first without assuming theintervention of any overpressure protection devices or equipments.Refer to Exhibit II for a list of potential causes of a transientpressure in a pipeline/piping system.2) Additional analysis shall be performed where the introduction ofmodifications to the system design are made to mitigate identifiedoverpressure conditions, e.g., trimming pump impellers, increasingpipe wall thickness, removing or modifying the device causing theexcessive transient pressures, adding overpressure protectionequipment such as relief systems as specified in SAES-J-600 andSAES-J-605 or HIPS as per Saudi Aramco Engineering Procedure& Report SAEP-354 & SAER-6043.Surge analysis shall ensure compliance with the appropriate SaudiAramco and International Standards and Codes ANSI/ASME B31.1,ANSI/ASME B31.3, ANSI/ASME B31.4, ANSI/ASME B31.8, orANSI/ASME B16.5 for over pressure protection of pipelines and processpiping. For fire water and safety related systems, surge analysis shallensure compliance with the appropriate International Standards CodesAPI STD 521, AWWA M45, NFPA 24 and NFPA 25.Surge analysis studies shall be conducted assuming that process initiatedshutdown signals triggering pump trips, due to low suction and highdischarge pressure, successfully stop pumps. This is provided that suchsignals originate from an ESD system and the signal loops and ESDsystem meet the required Safety Integrity Level (SIL) assessment anddesign requirements of SAES-J-601.Next Planned Update: 19 July 2014 Pipelines/Piping Hydraulic Surge Analysis5.2.6 Pipeline Model ValidationWhen plant and pipeline operating data is available, the model shall bevalidated against a set of operating data within the known constraints of,1) accuracy of plant measurements, 2) tolerance and convergencelimitations within the simulator, and 3) the errors associated withsimplifying assumptions made during model development. Models shallbe validated also during project proposal and/or detailed design bySAPMT’s engineering contractor.Before the data can be applied to the model, it shall be necessary toevaluate the quality of the measurements caused by faulty instruments.If available, a software package shall be used to evaluate all elements ofthe data. The software package shall reconcile the data to identify faultyinstruments and to eliminate or reduce measurements errors.Following model validation, if it is determined that the model results arenot within acceptable limits, tuning of specific parameters may berequired to improve accuracy. Model parameters may only be changed,following discussion and agreement with P&CSD. Typically, thedifference between pipeline model results and operating data can be lessthan 2%. If the discrepancies are greater than 2%, the design contractorshall submit explanations for the discrepancies to P&CSD and seekapproval to use the model for studies. This is covered by SAEP-363.5.3 Documentation RequirementsA surge analysis specific sheet shall be developed per Exhibit I and submittedfor approval prior to performing surge analysis.At the completion of the transient analysis studies, documentation shall bedeveloped containing, as a minimum requirement, the following sections:a) An executive summary that shall include a brief description of the problemunder investigation, background, objective, proposed solution, tool usedand concluding remarks.b) A system description of the pipeline and study objectives.c) A description of the model including a detailed description of thesimulation software components being used.d) A description of each scenario adopted for the study.e) Operation Control Philosophy/Logic implemented in the simulation.f) The methodology used to extract, reconcile, and filter the operating data.g) Model drawings.Next Planned Update: 19 July 2014 Pipelines/Piping Hydraulic Surge Analysish) Tabulated results for each scenario.i) Graphical results representing time plots and/or profile plots of criticalvariables to support conclusions established for each scenario.The following sections provide a detailed description of requirements for thedocumentation.5.3.1 Study ObjectiveDescribe the purpose of the study and the role that simulation plays inaddressing that purpose. The objective of the simulation must be clearlystated. The model shall be represented as a tool to help solve specificproblems or answer specific questions rather than as an end product. Thesimulation package and version used to build the model shall be defined.5.3.2 Work ScopeDescribe the system under investigation. The level of detail, modelboundaries, sources of feed…etc. This can be accomplished byreferencing available documents. Major relevant system characteristicsshould be summarized in the report that describes the simulation.5.3.3 Study AssumptionsIn order to understand the model and its limitations, all assumptions shallbe identified. Discuss the limitations of the model’s representation of theactual system and the impact those limitations have on the results andconclusions presented.5.3.4 Property PackageDescribe the thermodynamics packages that were utilized to define thefluid properties. Flow, heat transfer and pressure drop correlations mustalso be described.5.3.5 System Drawings (PFD’s, P&ID’s and Model Sketches)Provide the modeled system Process Flow Diagrams and ProcessInstrumentation Diagrams. Also, provide the simulation schematic usedto build the model and compare the simulation model with the overviewand actual pipelines/process to highlight differences.5.3.6 Model Results AnalysisPresent the calibration criteria, procedure, and results. Describe thesource of the observed data to which model results are compared.Next Planned Update: 19 July 2014 Pipelines/Piping Hydraulic Surge Analysis Explain the appropriateness of using these data for model comparisonsand the basis for any adjustments made to actual observations whenmaking the comparisons. It is important to report and use as many typesof data as possible for successful calibration of the model.5.3.7 Results Analysis Profile and TrendsProvide results analysis in profiles (specific variables vs. length ofpipeline) and trends (specific variables vs. time) for all the evaluatedcases.All the prepared document shall be submitted to P&CSD for review andapproval.6 ResponsibilitiesP&CSD provides technical guidance for all hydraulic and surge analysis, or pipelinecontrol system studies during DBSP, Project Proposal, and Detailed Design phases of a project. P&CSD proactively works with Proponent and SAPMT on pipeline design;reviews all related pipelines studies and models; and provide guidance during eachdesign stage. It is P&CSD responsibility to approve and endorse the pipeline studiesand models.SAPMT or proponent shall be responsible for obtaining approval for the surge analysis technical specification (Exhibit I) from the appropriate organizations prior toperforming the analysis. If any changes are made to the system or its operatingconditions or procedures, the technical specification shall be revised.It is the responsibility of Proponent and SAPMT to consider the implications of pipeline transient risk assessment, if the project scope is changed or it is part of a phaseddevelopment.Suppliers for pipeline and related components such as surge relief, rotating equipments shall provide Saudi Aramco and the design contractor the required equation data forconducting detailed surge analysis studies.Revision Summary19 July 2014 New Saudi Aramco Engineering Procedure.Next Planned Update: 19 July 2014 Pipelines/Piping Hydraulic Surge AnalysisEXHIBITSTABLE OF CONTENTSEXHIBIT I Surge Analysis Technical Specification – Summary SheetEXHIBIT II List of Potential Causes of Transient Pressure in a Pipeline/PipingSystem – ChecklistNext Planned Update: 19 July 2014 Pipelines/Piping Hydraulic Surge AnalysisEXHIBIT I – Surge Analysis Technical Specification – Summary SheetThe following sheet summarizes minimum surge analysis requirements for the pipeline system specified. The analysis report that follows from this is only valid for the pipeline system as defined. If any changes are made to the system or its operating conditions or procedures, the report shall be reviewed.____________________________________________________________________________ Project Name:Scope:Data Requirements: Data requirements as listed in Section 4.2 of the Procedure Design and Operating Criteria: Pipelines & Piping Design as per Saudi Aramco EngineeringStandards (SAES-L-100, SAES-L-132, SAES-L-310 andSAES-L-410)Fire and Safety related system design as per Saudi AramcoEngineering Standards (SAES-B-017, SAES-B-060,SAES-B-064 and SAES-B-070)Design Constrains:Maximum operating PressureMinimum operating PressureMaximum Flow RateMinimum Flow RateOther ParametersPipeline Transient Criteria:Maximum Transient PressureMinimum permitted pressureOther ParametersTransient Pressure Causes and scenarios List of the causes to be investigatedStudy Basic AssumptionsRecommended Surge Protection Systems This should be modified as required.Operational Requirements Constrains that should be included in the operationinstruction manualDate:Specification completed by: ______________________*Approved by:Proponent Representative ______________________P&CSD Representative ______________________* P&CSD shall decide on the approval levelNext Planned Update: 19 July 2014 Pipelines/Piping Hydraulic Surge Analysis EXHIBIT II – List of Potential Causes of Transient Pressure in a Pipeline/Piping System– Checklist____________________________________________________________________________ Item No. Possible Causes____________________________________________________________________________1. Inadvertent closure of a pipeline Class-1 or Class-2 valve as per SAES-B-058.2. Closure of a downstream plant ESD valve.3. Trip of intermediate pump.4. Closure of one looped pipeline.5. Closure of more than one looped pipeline.6. Closure of isolation valves, inside interfacing, upstream and downstream.7. Closure or control failure of a pipeline or downstream control valve as per SAES-J-700.8. Impact of new pipeline interfacing with existing pipeline.9. Inadvertent start of a standby pump, in addition to existing pump(s) operation10. The pipeline system start up and shutdown11. The lineup of the pipeline is changed12. The flow rate or capacity of the pipeline system increases/decreases13. Changes are made to the original design of the system14. Component (e.g., flow/pressure control valve, surge relief valve, etc.) malfunctions15. Basic design data (flow rates, fluid properties, materials spec., etc,) are inaccurate16. The surge protection system and control fail17. Any other potential causes that a risk assessment (PHA & HAZOP) identifies。

沙特阿美工程规程SAEP-121 Operating Instructions for New Facilities

沙特阿美工程规程SAEP-121 Operating Instructions for New Facilities

Previous Issue: 31 August 2002 Next Planned Update: 6 February 2016 Revised paragraphs are indicated in the right marginPage 1 of 7Primary contact: on 966-3-873-5067Engineering ProcedureSAEP-1216 February 2011Operating Instructions for New FacilitiesDocument Responsibility: Project Management Office DepartmentSaudi Aramco DeskTop StandardsTable of Contents1 Scope............................................................ 2 2 Applicable Documents................................... 2 3 Instructions.................................................... 2 4 Responsibilities. (2)Attachment 1 – Operating Instructions (4)Next Planned Update: 6 February 2016 Operating Instructions for New Facilities1 ScopeThis Saudi Aramco Engineering Procedure (SAEP) describes the format and content for initial or revised operating procedures for all new Saudi Aramco facilities that havemechanical equipment which involve regulation or control. This SAEP also assignsresponsibility for the preparation and revision of the operating procedures.2 Applicable DocumentsThe requirements contained in the following documents apply to the extent specified in this procedure.Saudi Aramco Engineering ProcedureSAEP-122Project RecordsSaudi Aramco Engineering StandardSAES-B-006Fireproofing for PlantsSaudi Aramco Safety Management GuideManagement of Change (MOC)3 InstructionsOperating Instructions shall be separate books and distributed by the Project Manager in accordance with SAEP-122.The content of Operating Instructions depends on the nature of the facility; format shall follow the general arrangement indicated in Attachment I, unless the project involvesmodifications/additions to an existing facility where the Operating Department requires the Project Manager to duplicate the format of existing manuals.4 Responsibilities4.1 New IssuesThe Engineering Contractor is responsible for the preparation of a complete,comprehensive and clear Operating Instructions for new facilities. SuchOperating Instructions shall contain all procedures required to safely start,operate, maintain and shut down the new facilities, including componentequipment. Lay-up measures for short T&I durations shall also have to beaddressed by these procedures.Next Planned Update: 6 February 2016 Operating Instructions for New Facilities Where detailed instructions and trouble-shooting procedures are contained invendor manuals, the Operating Instructions shall refer to the applicabledocuments. The project Management team and the Operating Department shallensure the above requirements are met.4.2 RevisionsThe Operating Department in consultation with Operations Engineering shall beresponsible for modifying the new instructions as required to suit actualoperating conditions when facilities are expanded or replaced by the OperationDepartment. When new installed facilities interface with existing equipment,the Engineering contractor is responsible for updating the existing operatinginstructions to reflect the new equipment and its relationship with the existingoperations. The Process & Control Systems Department, Consulting ServicesDepartment and Inspection Department shall be consulted as appropriate.All changes to process technology, chemicals, equipment, procedures, facilities,buildings or organizations at Saudi Aramco industrial facilities shall besubjected to a Management of Change (MOC) process.The Operating Department shall be responsible for providing ProjectManagement with all portions of the Operating Instructions which relate to theexisting facilities included in the project scope and identify any specificrequirements for operating instruction to be included in the contract package.4.3 ApprovalSoft copy of new Operating instructions should be submitted to the proponentfor review and concurrence with Operations teams. The Operating DepartmentManager is the final approval authority for Operating Instructions for newat least two months prior to the initial start up of new facilities.Revision Summary6 February 2016 Revised the "Next Planned Update". Reaffirmed the contents of the document, and reissuedwith minor changes.Next Planned Update: 6 February 2016 Operating Instructions for New FacilitiesAttachment 1 – Operating InstructionsI Index of Operating InstructionsII Outline for Plant as a wholeA. Introduction1. Purpose of PlantB. General Description1. Process Description2. Description of Unit Flowa) Include Plot Plan, Process Flow Diagrams, Piping and InstrumentDiagramsb) Relief and Vent Systemc) Line Designation Tables (If required by Operations)3. Description of Utilitiesa) Flow descriptions and diagrams of auxiliary systems: air, steam, water,power, fuel, etc.b) Utility Material Balances4. Control Systemsa) Distributed Control Systems (DCS)1. Control Narratives2. Logic Narrativesb) Emergency Shutdown (ESD)1. Control Narratives2. Logic Narrativesc) Management Information Systems (MIS)1. Control Narratives2. Logic NarrativesNext Planned Update: 6 February 2016 Operating Instructions for New Facilitiesd) Alarm Management Systems (AMS)1. Control Narratives2. Logic Narrativese) Fire Protection1. Equipment2. System Narratives5. Emergency Preparednessa) Emergency Preparedness Procedureb) Emergency Shutdown Systems and Alarmsc) Combustible and Toxic Gas Detection6. Overview Drawingsa) Electrical One Line Diagramb) Area Classification Diagramc) Material Selection Diagramd) Valve Operating Diagrame) Hazardous Area Diagramf) Plant LAN or other Control Network Diagramg) Plant Communication Cabling Infrastructure Diagramh) Fire Hazardous Classification Drawings as per SAES-B-006(Fireproofing for Plants)7. General Safety InstructionsC. Operating Instructions1. Preparation of detailed instructions for initial start-up2. Detailed start-up procedure3. Operating procedure logic diagrams4. Troubleshooting logic diagrams/procedures5. Detailed procedure for normal shut-down with checklist or logic diagramsNext Planned Update: 6 February 2016 Operating Instructions for New Facilities6. Detailed emergency shut-down and re-start procedures with checklist or logicdiagramsa) Equipment Failuresb) Utility Failures7. Cause and Effect Diagrams8. Plant hazards requiring special precautions9. Plant network and system securityD. General Equipment Information, Complete Facility Equipment List Including1. Individual Name2. Individual NumberE. Standby EquipmentIdentify all standby equipment and instructions for switchover as well as frequencyof switchover defined.III Outline for Individual EquipmentA. Brief description of Major Equipment1. Purpose of EquipmentB. Operating Instructions1. Preparation for initial start-up with checklist or logic diagrams2. Start-up procedure with checklist or logic diagrams3. Normal operation, including operating variables with checklist or logicdiagram4. Temporary and Emergency Operations5. Shut-down procedure with checklist or logic diagram6. Emergency shut-down procedure7. List of Consumables required for startup including dosing rates, etc.C. Operating Limitations1. Include Safety Instructions Sheets.2. Operating Parameters, Performance Criteria, allowable variances, and a list ofNext Planned Update: 6 February 2016 Operating Instructions for New Facilitiesset points for safety operations in accordance with specified operatingparameters.3. Operating Deviations, steps required to mitigate deviations.4. Consequences of process or operating deviations.5. Procedure for mitigating consequences when an exposure or loss occurs.6. Developed alarms (Process and Safety) within the control system.D. Safety Items and Operational HazardsE. Recommendations for Maintenance and Repairs by Operating PersonnelIV Support SystemsA. Corrosion Protection SystemsB. Communications Systems1. Plant network and system architecture2. Plant network and system security design3. Information technology services and interconnection4. Wireless system5. Others as applicableC. Safety Systems。