英语同等学力语法
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同等学力英语写作活用句型52个I. 用于文章主题句1. 不用说…It goes without saying that子句= (It is) needless to say (that)子句= It is obvious that子句= Obviously, S. + V.例︰不用说早睡早起是值得的。
It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours.2. …是不可能的; 无法…There is no Ving= There is no way of Ving.= There is no possibility of Ving.= It is impossible to V.= It is out of the question to V.= No one can V.= We cannot V.例︰不可否认的,成功的事业关键在于健康的身心。
There is not denying that successful business lies in a healthy body and mind.3. 我深信…I am greatly convinced (that)子句= I am greatly assured (that)子句例︰我深信预防是重于治疗。
I am greatly convinced that prevention is better than cure.4. 在各种…之中…Among various kinds of …, …= Of all the …, …例︰在各种运动中,我尤其喜欢慢跑。
Among various kinds of sports, I like jogging in particular.5. …是很容易证明的。
It can be easily proved (that)子句例︰时间最珍贵是很容易证明的。
同等学力英语语法之主谓一致一、总述主谓一致(subject-verb agreement )指谓语动词须在人称和数方面与主语保持一致。
主语和谓语动词在人称方面的一致比较简单,因为除了动词be 和have 有不同的人称形式外,其他动词只有单数第三人称现在时在其词尾加-s/-es,其余的人称在动词上并无特殊标记。
主语和谓语动词之间的数的一致比较复杂,是一致关系中的难点,也是考试中的侧重点。
在处理主谓一致关系时,通常遵循以下三个原则:1. 语法一致原则(principle of grammatical agreement)谓语动词与主语必须在语法形式上取得一致,即:主单,谓单;主复,谓复。
2. 概念一致原则(principle of notional agreement)谓语动词的单数或复数的形式取决于主语所表示的概念而不是主语的语法形式。
3. 就近原则(principle of proximity)谓语动词在人称和数的形式上和主语中最靠近的语词取得一致。
二、重要考点1. 集体名词作主语时,主语与谓语动词的一致如集体名词在句中意指整体概念,谓语动词用单数形式;如在句中意指其具体成员,谓语动词用复数形式。
这类集体名词包括:army, audience, class, committee, crowd, crew, couple, family, group, staff, team, public, cabinet, band 等。
例如:The population of the earth is increasing very fast.One third of the population here are farmers. The public has every reason to be cautious of professional deception.The public now know the whole story.2. 学科名称和疾病名称作主语时,主语与谓语动词的一致某些学科名称和疾病名称虽词尾加s 的形式,但这些词作主语时,谓语动词仍用单数形式。
2013年同等学力英语语法专项复习:虚拟语气一、总述虚拟语气(subjunctive mood )用来表示说话人的愿望、请求、意图、建议、怀疑、设想等未能或不可能成为事实的情况,以及在说话人看来实现可能性很小的情况。
由于虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊表现形式,因而动词的变化形式体现出虚拟语气所包含的不同含义。
虚拟语气用于非真实条件句时的构成如下表所述:二、重要考点1. 在非真实条件句中,有时从句的动词所表示的动作和主句的动词所表示的动作并不同时发生,这样的条件句中使用的虚拟式称为混合虚拟式。
其构成视具体情况而定。
例如:If I had taken my raincoat when I came out this morning, I would not be wet now.If I were you, I wouldn’t have missed the film last night.2. 引导非真实条件从句的连词if 在正式文体中有时可以省去, were、had、should 等非行为动词这时应提到从句句首。
例如:If I were you, I wouldn’t feel sorry.→Were I you, I wouldn’t feel sorry.3. 有些句子从表层结构上看是无if 引导的非真实条件句,但从深层意思上看if 是存在的。
这种情况下主句动词仍需用虚拟式。
这类句子中常出现without (如果没有),but for (要不是),otherwise (否则),but that (若不,后接一从句)等词或词组。
例如:But for your help, they couldn’t have succeeded.She wasn’t feeling well. Otherwise,she wouldn’t have left the meeting so early.4. 在It is + 形容词 + that 从句的句型中,that 引导的主语从句中的谓语动词采用should + 动词原形形式,其中should 常省略。
同等学力英语作文万能模板及经典句型However。
I cannot agree with their n for the following reasons。
Firstly,反驳观点的第一个理由。
Secondly。
反驳观点的第二个理由。
Despite what they say。
I believe that反驳观点的替代观点。
For example,一个例子。
Therefore。
the statement that错误观点is not always true in every case.There may be some truth in the belief held by certain individuals。
but upon closer n。
it es clear that the opposite viewpoint is actually more accurate。
There are several reasonswhy I hold this belief.One prevalent social issue today is the increasing wealth gap een the rich and poor。
According to recent surveys。
this phenomenon has e a growing concern for the public。
The reasons behind this problem are numerous。
including the lack of fair n of resources。
the unequal n of opportunities。
and the n of wealth in the hands of a few.The impact of this issue on society and our daily lives cannot be overstated。
同等学力申请硕士学位英语基础语法讲义目录一、简单句和并列句 (1)1.简单句的五种形式 (1)2.并列句 (1)二、词性及句子成分 (2)句子八大成分 (2)1、名词 (4)2、代词 (7)3.数词 (10)4.形容词和副词 (11)三、时态和语态 (13)(一)基本时态 (13)1.一般过去时 (13)2.一般将来时 (14)3.现在完成时 (15)4.现在完成时进行时 (15)5.进行时 (16)(二)语态 (17)被动语态基本形式 (17)被动语态的用法 (17)一、简单句和并列句1.简单句的五种形式(1)主语+谓语(vt)+宾语(2)主语+谓语(vt)+间接宾语+直接宾语(3)主语+谓语(vt)+宾语+补语(4)主语+谓语(vi)(5)主语+系动词+表语2.并列句一个句子当中包含两个或更多互不相依存的主谓结构,中间用一些连接词连接起来的句子。
并列句不能只用逗号隔开,而要用连接词连接。
连接词:(1)并列关系句型:连接词有and,as well as,either…or…,neither…nor…,not only…but also…(2)转折概念并列句型:转折词有but(3)因果关系的并列句型;(4)副词关系的并列句型e.g.The food was good,but he had little appetite.Use your head and you’ll find a way.It was late,so we went home.He had a drink,then he went home.注意:because与so不能连用;although与but不能连用二、词性及句子成分句子八大成分主、谓、宾、定、状、表、宾补和主补主语:句子所要说明的人或事物,是句子的主体。
主语的位置通常在句首,一般不省略。
可以担当主语的有名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词和主语从句;Two plus six equals eight.(数词做主语)To see is to believe.(动词不定式做主语)Smoking is not allowed in public places.(动名词做主语)Whether or not they will come depends on the weather.(从句做主语)谓语:谓语动词(predicate verb)是说明主语的动作或状态的句子成分。
同等学力申硕英语语法辅导(20200524205656)2010年同等学力申硕英语语法辅导(第1讲)动词不定式(一)不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“not to do”。
不定式可以带宾语状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。
不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语,但不能单独作谓语。
不定式的逻辑主语可用“for+名词或代词宾格”构成。
1. To see is to believe.(主语)2. It is right to give up smoking.(主语)3. He wanted to go.(宾语)4. I find it interesting to work with him.(宾语)5. I have some books for you to read.(定语)6. I came here to see you.(状语)7. The question is difficult to answer.(状语)8. He is too old to do that. (状语)9. The room is big enough to hold us.(状语)10. To tell the tru th, I don’t agree with you. (独立结构)11. He gave the order to start the attack.(同位语)在feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch, have, let, make 等词后的补足语中,不定式不带to。
但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时,就必须带to。
1. I often hear him sing the song.He is often heard to sing the song.2. They made the boy go to bed early.The boy was made to go to bed early.不定式动词在介词but, except, besides后面时,如果这些介词之前有行为动词do 的各种形式,那么,这些介词后的不定式不带to,否则要带to。
同等学力英比状从句常用引: as(同比) , than(不同程度的比)特殊引: the more ⋯ the more⋯; just as⋯, so⋯;A is toB what /as X is to Y; no⋯more than; not A so much as BShe is as bad-tempered as her mother.她和她一脾气暴躁。
The house is three times as big as ours.所房子是我的三倍大。
The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.越你就越健康。
Food is to men what oil is to machine.食物之于人,犹如油之于机器。
同等学力英步状从句引步状从句的和: although, though(然); even if,even though(即使); as,while (尽管); whether ⋯ or(不⋯⋯是);whoever,no matter who(无);whenever, no matter when(无何);however,no matter how(无论怎样); whatever,no matter what (无论什么)等。
(1)although和 though都表示“虽然”,但 although比 though正式,更多用于句首;二者都可与 yet,still 或 nevertheless连用,但不能和 but 连用:He didn ’t stop working though(或 although)he was ill.他虽然病了,但未停止工作。
(2)as 引导的让步状语从句要用倒装语序,可用 though 代替,但比 though 语气强,被倒装的部分可以是表语、状语和动词原形:Child as(或 though)he is, he knows a lot[.表语;名词]他虽然是个孩子,但懂得很多。
2013年同等学力英语语法专项复习之一:名词与代词一、总述名词:是表示人、物和抽象概念的名称的词。
考察内容:名词的可数、不可数、名词的所有格、名词的数二、名词的分类1. 可数名词:有单复数之分,若名词为单数,通常前面要加冠词a/an、the进行限定;若名词为复数,可以加上the,或者直接用复数名词,或者加上数词来进行限定。
可数名词的复数构成规则:①规则形式是在名词后加—s;但以sh,ch,s,x 和z 结尾的名词后加-es;②辅音字母加—y 结尾的名词变y 为i,再加—es;f 或fe 结尾的名词将f、fe 变为-ves(比如:knife),但chief 、cliff 、grief 等只加-s.③以s 结尾的某些表示疾病、学科、游戏及地理的名词和专有名词通常视作单数;④一些名词单复数形式相同,如deer、sheep 等。
⑤特别注意:有些单数名词的形式,是集合名词,可以用作复数,如police,cattle,people,mankind等;例如:Several hundred police were on duty at the demonstration yesterday.Cattle are allowed to graze on the village common.2。
不可数名词:通常是物质名词或者抽象名词,其前可以不加任何东西,若有特指,可以加the.前面可以加上单位词,进行分类:常见单位词:①a piece of +advice/bread/cloth/fortune/information/music/muse②a bit of、an item of、an article of(clothing)不可数名词列举:3。
可数名词和不可数名词表示数量的表达法不同,应该特别注意以下的区别:4。
名词在翻译中遇到的问题:(1)不可数名词和可数名词间的转换形式:例如:water&waters(水域、海洋) sand&sands(沙滩)wood&woods(树林) ash和ashes(废墟) goods(商品)(2)名词表示特指时,可以加冠词①不定冠词:a/an,通常表示一,但是不强调数目,翻译时注意;例如:Germany is a European country.②定冠词:表示特定或特指例如:Is this the book that you are looking for?定冠词还可以使用于一些比较独特的语言现象:如指代地球或宇宙这种独一无二的事物the+名词:表示全部或者整体例如:Do you know who invented the computer?用于乐器或专有名词前,如play the piano、the Thames第二节代词一、总述代词可分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系二.重要考点1。
序英语长难句一直是我们英语阅读和翻译的难点,为此,我们新阳光英语教研组从同等学力考试历年真题中精心挑选了50个经典长难句,并整理了详细的分析,旨在帮助大家攻克长难句这一难关。
这50个句子比新概念英语课文里的句子更贴近我们同等学力考试。
分析长难句的核心思想是“提取主干”,具体步骤如下:1.首先把长难句分解成若干个简单句。
2.找出连词和关键词,确定句与句之间的关系,分清主句和从句。
3.分析主句和从句的成分,识别谓语动词,判断谓语动词的时态语态和语气,接着看该句是否有倒装、省略、插入成分、独立成分、同位成分等。
4.分析主句与和句、从句和从句之间的关系。
At the same time,考虑上下文、文化背景,从总体上把握句子的字面含义和内在含义。
大家通过我们的方法和这50个经典句型的解析,能够从理论上对英语长难句的分析有一个深入的认识。
但是,一般来说,除了语言学家,人们对自己母语的语法知识可以说是知之甚少。
然而当我们阅读汉语的时候,也能够很轻易的看懂一些从语法角度看来很复杂的句子,这显然不是语法分析的结果。
这是因为人们对自己的母语有着丰富的语言经验,接触过不计其数的语言材料,对其中信息的提取已经习惯成自然。
同理,我们在英语的学习过程中,在培养基本的理论分析能力的基础上,更需要通过丰富自己的英语语言经验来培养我们理解英语长难句的能力。
我们需要通过反复的大量的阅读,在不刻意进行语法分析的情况下,在头脑中就把成分拆分,知道它源于哪个句型,这才标志着我们的英语阅读能力达到了一个新的境界。
新阳光英语教研组同等学力英语真题阅读理解精选50句经典句型分析1. I want so much to give my children the freedom that I enjoyed having when I was growing up but I hesitate to do so because there are dangers around every corner.我非常希望能够给与我的孩子们我在成长过程中享受过的自由,但是我却对是否应该这么做犹豫不决,因为在每一个街角都有太多的危险存在了【串联句型】主语+谓语+宾语(不定式短语)+定语从句(包括一个时间状语从句)+表转折的状语从句(其中包括一个原因状语从句)【名师分析】定语从句是常考点,阅读文章中可能出现各种关系代词或关系副词引导的限定和非限定性两类定语从句。
目录同等学力申硕英语指南——完型填空 (1)一、对词汇知识的掌握 (7)二、对语法知识的要求 (11)三、对篇章的理解能力的要求 (55)同等学力申硕英语指南——辨错 (55)一、时态语态常见错误设置及答题思路 (57)二、虚拟语气常见错误设置及答题思路 (59)三、情态动词常见错误设置及答题思路 (63)四、非谓语动词常见错误设置及答题思路 (65)五、一致关系常见错误设置及答题思路 (71)六、倒装结构常见错误设置及答题思路 (75)七、形容词、副词和比较结构常见错误设置及答题思路 (78)八、并列结构常见错误设置及答题思路 (82)九、从属结构常见错误设置及答题思路 (84)07同等学力英语复习计划 (88)辅导课程设置 (93)同等学力申硕英语指南—完型填空示例:2006年同等学力英语真题完型填空部分Part IV Cloze 完型填空(15 minutes, 15 points, 1 for each )Advertising is a form of selling. For thousands of years there been individuals who have tried to 56 others to buy the food they have produced or the goods they have made or the services they can 57 .But in the 19th century the mass production of goods 58 the Industrial Revolution madeperson-to-person selling inefficient. The mass distribution of goods that 59 the development of the railway and highway made person-to-person selling too slow and expensive. At the same time mass communication first newspapers and magazines then radio and television made mass selling through 60 possible.The objective of any advertisement is to convince people that it is in their best 61 to take the action the advertiser is recommending. The action 62 be to purchase a product use a service vote for a political candidate or even to join the Army.Advertising as a 63 developed first and most rapidly in the United States the country that uses it tothe greatest 64 In 1980 advertising expenditures inthe U.S. exceeded 55 billion dollars or 65 2 percent of the gross national product. Canada spent about 1.2 percent of its gross national product 66 advertising.67 advertising brings the economies of mass selling to the manufacturer it produces benefits for theconsumer 68 . Some of those economies are passed along to the purchaser so that the cost of a product sold primarily through advertising is usually far 69 than one sold through personal salespeople. Advertising brings people immediate news about products that have just come on the market. Finally advertising 70 for the programs on commercial television and radio and for about two thirds of the cost of publishing magazine and newspapers.56.A.request B. oblige C. affect D. persuade57.A.transfer B. secure C. enjoy D. perform58.A.resulting from B. dealing with C. leading toD. going for59.A.followed B. preceded C.ach5eved D. induced60. A. marketing B. advertisingC. salespeople D agents61. A. profits B. benefits C. interests D. gains62.A. should B. would C. may D. will63. A. business B. service C product D. profession64. A. amount B. extent C. possibility D. utility 65, A similarly B. supposedlyC. approximatelyD. accountably66. A. with B. at C. into D. on67. A. While B. Therefore C. But D. If68. A. as well B. as usual C. as a result D. as a rule69. A. more B. less C. cheaper D. dearer70. A. works B. calls C. looks D. pays答案解析:短文概要:本文介绍了广告的历史沿革以及在发达国家其对促进商业繁荣所起的重要作用。