第15讲：趣味阅读L15—感叹句—阅读C篇—新世纪8A U8单词 牛津上海版英语八年级暑假班讲义

牛津版沪教版英语八年级(上)U n i t-8-E n g l i s h-w e e k-词句讲解+练习+答案-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1Unit 8 English week词汇讲解1. notice（1）notice作名词,意为“布告,启事”,是可数名词。

例如：We have put a notice of renting these flats in the newspaper.我们已经在报上登了出租这几套房的启事。

（2）notice作名词,意为“预告,警告”,是不可数名词。

例如：These rules can’t be changed without notice. 这些规则不预先通知不可以随便更改。

（3）notice作名词,意为“注意”,是不可数名词。

常用的词组有：take notice of sb./sth.意为“注意某人/某物”。

Take notice of what they say. 注意听他们说。

（4）notice作动词,意为“注意到,留心,看到”。

常用于notice sb. do sth.或 notice sb. doing sth.第一个短语表示注意到某人做某事（注意到某人作某事的全过程）。

第二个短语表示“注意到某人正在做某事”（表示正在进行的动作）。

例如：Didn’t you notice He has dyed his hair. 你没注意吗他染了头发。

Did you notice Jack come in 你注意到杰克进来了吗Did you notice his hand shaking 你有没有注意到他的手在抖He was noticed to leave the house an hour ago. 一小时前有人注意到他离开了这所房子。

（被动）2. advise（1）advise用作动词表示“建议”，和suggest是同义词，后面都可接名词、代词和动名词作宾语。

Practice 八年级英语寒假班（牛津版）选出画线部分发音与其他三个读音不同的单词，并把序号填在括号里。

A B C D1. ( ) snow brown cow how2. ( ) now bowl window yellow3. ( ) blouse house flower low4. ( ) brother love hot monkey5. ( ) clock mother coffee jog6. ( ) cake waiter rabbit May7. ( ) car dance class black8. ( ) bread head sweater cream9. ( ) computer use jump music10. ( ) bright fish five tiger1.语音 14.名词知识梳理11. ( ) bee sea great he 12. () sofa nobody know chocolate13. ( ) farm farther warm dark 14. ( ) forty doctor sport morning 15. ( ) dear where pear there 16. ( ) year bear ear near 17. ( ) room food foot cartoon 18. ( ) balloon book good football 19. ( ) bird turn sister Thursday 20. () town【难度】★★ flowercountrymouse【答案】1. A2. A3. D4. C5. B6. C7. D8. D9. C 10. B11. C 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A 16. B 17. C 18. A 19. C 20. C一、名词的分类1. 专有名词：名字(人名、地名、书名、机构名)、与国家有关的(国家、国民、语言)、日期（节日、星期、月份）例句：My name is Lucy . I am a Chinese . I will go to the Great Wall on Monday .2. 普通名词: 包括可数名词和不可数名词个体名词表示个体的人或事物例: sister 、table 、bike 、window可数名词集体名词表示一群人或一些事物例: family 、police 、class 、group物质名词表示构成物体的物质或材料例: water 、air 、wood 不可数名词抽象名词表示状态、品质、行为、感情等例: danger 、interest注：有些单词意义发生变化，单复数也发生变化，例：glass 作玻璃杯时可数，作玻璃时不可数。

话题阅读11人与自然A. Choose the best answer (根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案)All of us know trees are useful to man in three very important ways: they give us wood and other products, they give us shade, and the most important of all, they help to prevent droughts and floods.In many parts of the world, however, people have not realized the importance of trees to us.Two thousand years ago, a rich and powerful country cut down its trees to build its warships, with which it gained itself an empire (帝国). It gained the empire, but without its trees, its soil became hard and poor. When the empire fell into pieces, the home country found itself faced by floods and hunger.Even when a government realizes the importance of forests, it is difficult for it to make villagers see this. The villagers want wood to cook their food, and they can earn money by making things or selling wood to the town people. They are usually too lazy or too careless to plant and look after new trees.So unless the government does something to control and also to educate the people, the forests will slowly disappear.1. The most important service of trees is that _______.A. they help people to get richB. they provide people with shadeC. they help to prevent droughts and floodsD. they can be used to build warships2. The empire fell into pieces because _______.A. it had lost all of its warshipsB. it couldn't provide its people with enough moneyC. it didn't ask people to plant many treesD. its people couldn't make a living3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Many people haven't realized the importance of forests.B. The government should do something to protect the forests.C. The empire became rich and strong with its powerful warships.D. People often don't take good care of the new trees they have planted.4. The forests will disappear if _______.A. the government realizes the importance of the forestsB. the villagers realize the importance of the forestsC. the government doesn't do something to control or to educate the peopleD. the villagers don't cut trees down to make money5. The writer's purpose in writing the text is _______.A. to give us advice on how to protect forestsB. to tell the story of the empire two thousand years agoC. to call on people to do something to protect forestsD. to tell the people to plant as many trees as possible【答案】1.C 2.D 3.C 4.C 5.CPost-reading:连词成句do something, will, the government, control, also, educate, the people, slowly, unless, to, disappear, to, the forest_______________________________________________________________________________ _______the empire, hunger, when, fell into, the home country, itself, floods, by, pieces, found, faced by_______________________________________________________________________________ _______【答案】Unless the government does something to control and also to educate the people, the forests willslowly disappear.When the empire fell into pieces, the home country found itself faced by floods and hunger.B. Choose the best answer and complete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文)A few minutes before six o’clock, Mr. Smith began to leave. He was going to ____1____ the car when a gunman suddenly pointed a gun to Mr. Smith’s head, “Drive me to Paris!” he shouted.“All right” Mr. Smith answered. He started the engine. Since he was 81 years old, he knew he could not fight the gunman. He knew he needed help. Where were the police? While he was driving, he hoped to meet a police car. But he could see ___2____. “Just my luck,” he thought. “If I was driving too ___3___, there would be a police car on every corner.”____4____ he pushed his foot down on the accelerator, and the car ran much faster. “What are you doing?” shouted the gunman. “Keeping off the police.” Mr. Smith answered, “I thought I saw a police car back there.”He ran red lights, drove wrong on one-way streets. On the two-way streets, he drove on the wrong side of the road. Not one of the policemen saw him. Again Mr. Smith’s plan was not working. He had to try a ____5___ one.He saw a police station in front. Then he drove his car as fast as he could towards the police gate. The car hit a police motorbike. Mr. Smith shouted, “Help. Help.” Then he _____6_____ back to grab the man’s gun. At the same time the policemen heard the noise and quickly caught the gunman.() 1 A. wash B. start C. work D. play() 2. A. somebody B. anybody C. everybody D. nobody() 3. A. carefully B. angrily C. slowly D. fast() 4. A. So B. However C. Yet D. Although() 5. A. new B. safe C. hard D. big() 6. A. got B. looked C. turned D. came【答案】1.B 2.D 3.D 4.A 5.A 6.CC. Fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。

语法冠词不定冠词类别1）表示一类人或物A boy is not always cleverer than a girl.An elephant is much stronger than a man.2）表身份She is not a high school teacher, but a university teacher.数量3）单数名词前表示“一”There is a table and four chairs in that dinning-room.4）用于序数词前表示“又一，再一”I tried a third time, but failed again.度量5）用于速度、价格、时间等单位名词前，表示“每一”的意思I go shopping twice a week.Miss Kate can type about 200 letters a minute.The car moved 70 miles an hour.6）固定短语Ps: a\an与one区别1. a\an强调类别，不强调数量；one是数词，强调数量，不强调类别。

An orange is orange. 橘子是橙色的。

He has an English-Chinese dictionary. 他有一本英汉字典。

2. 表示数量时，a\an可与one互换，但在某些习语中却不行。

an hour or two=one or two hours a year and a half= one and a half years one another 固定短语一点a little\a bit\a few许多a number ofa lot of玩的开心have a good time感冒have a cold休息have a rest匆忙的in a hurry过一会儿after a while试一试have a try一种a kind of定冠词A.表特指The man with a flower in his hand is Jack.B.可数名词单数前，表示类别The horse is taller than the dog.C.独一无二的名词前The earth moves around the sun.D.序数词和形容词最高级前Who is the first one to arrive at school?E.用于方位词前北京位于中国的北方。

上海牛津版八年级知识点上海牛津版八年级教材是一本非常经典的英语教材，它涵盖了很多重要的英语知识点。

在本文中，我们将会讨论这些知识点及其重要性。

第一章：基础语法在学习任何语言时，语法是必不可少的一部分。

在上海牛津版八年级教材中，基础语法知识点包括动词时态、语态、情态动词、虚拟语气、名词、代词、形容词和副词等。

这些知识点是理解英语语言的必要基础。

第二章：阅读理解技巧阅读理解技巧是英语学习的核心部分。

在上海牛津版八年级教材中，阅读理解技巧包括主旨大意、推理判断、细节理解和词汇推测等。

这些技巧的掌握，不仅可以帮助学生更好地理解英语文章，也可以提高他们的阅读速度和阅读技巧。

第三章：写作技巧写作是英语学习的重要部分。

在上海牛津版八年级教材中，写作技巧包括词汇扩展、句型转换、段落组织和文章结构等。

这些技巧的掌握可以帮助学生更好地表达自己的观点，提高英语写作水平。

第四章：听力技巧听力技巧在英语学习中也占有重要的地位。

在上海牛津版八年级教材中，听力技巧包括听力复述、听力填空和听力选择题等。

学生需要通过不断的练习和提高，才能够更好地掌握英语听力技巧。

第五章：口语技巧口语是英语学习的重要组成部分，但口语技巧也是学习中难点之一。

在上海牛津版八年级教材中，口语技巧包括发音、口语表达和口语交际等。

学生需要勤加练习，才能够更好地掌握英语口语技巧。

总之，上海牛津版八年级教材涵盖了很多重要的英语知识点，包括基础语法、阅读理解、写作、听力和口语技巧等。

学生需要通过不断的学习和练习，才能够更好地掌握这些知识点，提高英语学习水平。

语法冠词不定冠词类别1）表示一类人或物A boy is not always cleverer than a girl.An elephant is much stronger than a man.2）表身份She is not a high school teacher, but a university teacher.数量3）单数名词前表示“一”There is a table and four chairs in that dinning-room.4）用于序数词前表示“又一，再一”I tried a third time, but failed again.度量5）用于速度、价格、时间等单位名词前，表示“每一”的意思I go shopping twice a week.Miss Kate can type about 200 letters a minute.The car moved 70 miles an hour.6）固定短语Ps: a\an与one区别1. a\an强调类别，不强调数量；one是数词，强调数量，不强调类别。

An orange is orange. 橘子是橙色的。

He has an English-Chinese dictionary. 他有一本英汉字典。

2. 表示数量时，a\an可与one互换，但在某些习语中却不行。

an hour or two=one or two hours a year and a half= one and a half years one another 固定短语一点a little\a bit\a few许多a number ofa lot of玩的开心have a good time感冒have a cold休息have a rest匆忙的in a hurry过一会儿after a while试一试have a try一种a kind of定冠词A.表特指The man with a flower in his hand is Jack.B.可数名词单数前，表示类别The horse is taller than the dog.C.独一无二的名词前The earth moves around the sun.D.序数词和形容词最高级前Who is the first one to arrive at school?E.用于方位词前北京位于中国的北方。

话题阅读：成长及哲理A.Choose the best answer (根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案)Once there lived a poor farmer. Though he worked day and night, he could never earn enough to feed himself.One day, while resting under a tree, the farmer heard a strange noise from behind a tree. Suddenly, a strange-looking creature （生物）came out from nowhere and started laughing and dancing around the farmer.“Who are you?” asked the farmer.“I’m Trouble. I bring bad luck!” said the creature. “Without me,you would be a lucky man!”Quickly, the farmer took Trouble by its throat and tied it up with strong ropes. He buried it deep in a hole before covering it with stones and walked home happily. Sure enough, the next day, his luck changed for the better.One evening, his neighbor, a rich man came for a visit. He asked the farmer for his secret to success. The farmer gladly shared his story and where he had buried the root of his bad luck. The rich man listened carefully. That very night, the jealous neighbor went to the hole and set the creature free.“Thank you so much!” cried Trouble. “You, sir, are a true friend.”“Now,” said the rich man, “you can go back to torment your old master once more.”“No, no, no!” shouted Trouble. “That man tied me and threw me into that hole. But you, sir, were so kind as to free me. You will make a much better master, and I’ll stay with you forever. “Upon hearing that, the rich man shook so much and then fell onto the ground.() 1.The underlined word “torment” in the eighth paragraph means ______.A) 服务.B) 看护C) 折磨D) 拜访() 2.The poor farmer covered the hole with stones because ______.A)he didn’t want the creature to run awayB) he wanted to own the creature for everC) the creature asked him to do soD) he wanted to know where he buried the creature() 3.What will probably happen to the rich man?A) Trouble will leave him soon.B) He will be a happy master.C) Trouble will bury him in a hole.D) He will have bad luck.() 4.The underlined part “the root of bad luck” in the sixth paragraph refers to the ______.A) ropes B) creatureC) hole D) stones() 5.What is the right sequence of the story?1)The poor farmer began to have good luck.2)A strange creature appeared from nowhere.3)The poor farmer lived a hard life.4)The rich farmer set Trouble free.5)Trouble decided to stay with the rich farmer.6)The poor farmer buried Trouble in a hole.A) 261345B) 326145C) 142653D) 351264() 6.Which of the following idioms or proverbs can best describe the experiences of the rich farmer?A)He eats his own bitter fruits.B) Failure is the mother of success.C) No pains, no gains.D) He should stand on his own feet.【答案】1. C 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.B 6.AB.Choose the best answer and complete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文)Are you nervous when you stand in front of the public? Are you afraid to make a speech?Paul James, a middle school boy, felt shy when he was making a speech the other day. James had thought it would be quite easy to speak in front of ___1___ classmates.“I was wrong. It was very different and much ___2___ than talking to my classmates during playtime.” James said. “I tried, but it was really difficult to speak. I felt like a mute and wanted to leave the classroom ___3___.”James is not alone. Many middle school students now have the same ___4___, they can talk about their ideas freely with their best friends after class, but can’t speak in public. According to Mrs. Green, a teacher from a university, the main reason is that schools pay more attention to writing instead of ___5___.Mrs. Green hopes schools can give students more chances to open their mouths, such as speech competitions, English corners and class discussions. Students can join in any one they want to. And he also has some advice for students. “During your free time you should ___6___ more. Don’t be shy or afraid. Don’t mind others’ opinions too much. Take it easy ___7___ you’re speaking in public. Just imagine you’re talking to nobody and speak up your ideas clearly,” Mrs. Green said. “That makes for a fine public speech and you’ll feel confident.”() 1. A) her B) my C) your D) his() 2. A) harder B) easier C) better D) later() 3. A) slowly B) quickly C) sadly D) happily() 4. A) answer B) subject C) problem D) question() 5. A) listening B) speaking C) reading D) singing() 6. A) practice B) play C) write D) watch() 7. A) before B) after C) because D) while【答案】1. D 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.D以读促写：Think about how to keep calm when you feel nervous._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________C.Fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。

沪教牛津版八年级上册英语Unit1-unit5 Reading英汉对照Unit1 ReadingLook it out!Here are two articles from an encyclopaedia.向下看！下面是从百科全书两篇文章。

Da Vinci, Leonardo达芬奇·莱昂纳多Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) was an Italian painter, inventor, musician, engineer and scientist.达芬奇·莱昂纳多（1452-1519）是意大利画家、发明家、音乐家、工程师和科学家。

Da Vinci was born in the countryside.达芬奇出生在农村。

From an early age, he showed great intelligence and artistic ability.从很小的时候，他就表现出极大的智慧和艺术能力。

As he grew older, he learnt to do many different things.随着年龄的增长，他学会了做很多不同的事情。

His paintings are very famous, and one, the Mona Lisa, is perhaps the most famous painting in the world.他的画是非常有名的，还有《蒙娜丽莎》——也许是世界上最有名的画作。

He also had many inventions.他还有许多发明。

For example, his notebooks include some interesting drawings of flying machines. (See Art)例如，他的笔记本里有一些关于飞行器的有趣的图纸。

（见艺术）Dinosaurs恐龙Dinosaurs lived on Earth more than 60 million years before human beings.恐龙比人类早60 多万年就生活在地球上。

初二英语暑假班（教师版）Lesson 10 Great AthletesLet’s read it.You might think that Olympic athletes are the healthiest people in the world. It’s true that many are. However, it’s also true that quite a lot Olympic athletes had to overcome illness early in their lives.One excellent example is Wilma Rudolph. She competed in tract-and-field events in the 1960 Olympics. She didn’t win just one gold medal. She won three. At the time, people called her “the fastest woman in the world.”As a young child, Wilma Rudolph could not participate in sports. She had a series of serious illnesses, and then, at the age of 4, she got polio. She lost the use of her left leg, and the doctors said she would never walk again.The people in Rudolph’s family did everything they could to help her walk again. Wilma and her mother frequently traveled 100 miles to get treatments for her leg. Her brothers and sisters took turns giving her leg a daily massage. Four times a day, they helped her do special exercises for her leg. Amazingly, by the time Rudolph was 9 years old, she was able to walk again. Before long, she started playing basketball and running. In high school, she was a track star, and then she went to the Olympics.Wilma Rudolph retired from her career as a runner when she was 22 years old. She then became a teacher and track coach. Her story encouraged many people to work hard and to overcome difficulties. (244 words)I.Put the right word in each blank. The sentences are from the text.amazingly career overcome retiredmedal frequently treatments took turnsquite a few encouraged coach serious1.However, it’s also true that Olympic athletes had to illnesses early in their lives.2.She had a series of illnesses, and then, at the age of 4, she got polio.3., by the time Rudolph was 9 years old, she was able to walk again.4.Her story5.Wilma and her mother many people to work hard and to overcome difficulties.traveled 100 miles to get for her leg.1. Reading for fun6.Wilma Rudolph from her as a runner when she was 22 years old.7.Her brothers and sisters8.She then became a teacher and track giving her leg a daily massage..9.She didn’t win just one gold .【难度】★【答案】1. quite a few, overcome; 2. serious; 3. Amazingly; 4. encouraged;5. frequently, treatments;6. retired, career;7. took turns;8. coach;9. medalII.Put the right word in each blank.amazing encouraged overcome seriouscareer frequently quite a few take turnscoach medal retire treatments1.people at age 65.2.My trainer me to compete in the tournament.3.Engineering is a good .4.Let’s telling a story. You go first.5.I heard an story. Is it difficult to believe?6.My teacher is sick, but it isn’t anything . She’ll be back at work soon.7.In many sports event, the winner gets a special cup or a .8.My trainer participates in sports event.9.What is the most difficult thing you had to in your childhood?10.Every year scientists find new for serious illnesses.11.A good can help you become a better athlete.【难度】★★【答案】1. Quite a few, retire ; 2. encouraged; 3. career; 4. take turns; 5. amazing; 6. serious; 7. medal; 8. frequently; 9. overcome;10. treatments;11. coachIII.Match the word in Column A with the word in Column B that means the same.Column A Column B1.trainer a. very good2.remove b. ring3.reflect c. defeat4.excellent d. in front5.retire e. eliminate6.take place f. coach7.ahead g. strong8.circle h. show9.athletic i. stop working10.win j. happen【难度】★★【答案】1.f; 2.e; 3.h; 4.a; 5.i; 6.j; 7.d; 8.b; 9.g; 10.cIV.Choose the best answer.1.Wilma Rudolph was when she was a child.A)healthy B) sick C) strong D) retired2.When she was a child, she couldn’t use her .A)leg B) hand C) elbow D) arm3.She won in the 1960 Olympics.A)a gold medal B) quite a few medalsC) a silver medal D) three gold medals4.Polio was a illness.A)proud B) serious C) recent D) strong5.The people in Wilma Rudolph’s family were very .A)retired B) serious C) helpful D) fast6.one of her brothers or sisters massaged her leg.A)Sometimes B) Every day C) Once a week D) Once in a while7.Rudolph had to travel to get treatments for her leg.A)alone B) a long distanceC) frequently D) B and C【难度】★★【答案】1. C; 2. A; 3. D; 4. B; 5. C; 6. B; 7. D动词的被动语态Presentation初中阶段考查8 种时态，分别是一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时和过去将来时。

教材培训手册初中英语（沪教牛津版）上海教育出版社有限公司牛津大学出版社（中国）有限公司目录一、八年级上册教材解读 (2)二、教材配套资源 (27)英语（沪教版）教材解读 八年级上册上海教育出版社1一、八年级上册教材解读（一）教材纵览英语（沪教版）教材解读 八年级上册 上海教育出版社2（二）单元解析单元解析编写的目的是为了帮助教师了解板块关联，从而进行有效的教学设计。

建议教师在备课之前扫读单元思维导图，了解板块关联以及参考案例的教学处理方式，从而提高教学效率。

教师可在此基础上根据自己的教学需要进一步解读教材，并做出符合自己教学需要的教英语（沪教版）教材解读 八年级上册上海教育出版社3英语（沪教版）教材解读 八年级上册 上海教育出版社4英语（沪教版）教材解读 八年级上册 上海教育出版社5Unit 4英语（沪教版）教材解读 八年级上册 上海教育出版社6英语（沪教版）教材解读 八年级上册 上海教育出版社7英语（沪教版）教材解读 八年级上册 上海教育出版社8英语（沪教版）教材解读 八年级上册 上海教育出版社9Unit 8英语（沪教版）教材解读 八年级上册 上海教育出版社10（三）教学建议在七年级英语学习的基础上，学生具备了一定的语言学习基础和能力。

因此，在八年级的教学中应当凸显―听‖―说‖―读‖―写‖各项微技能的教学，以帮助学生在后续的学习中进一步提升自己的学习能力，并运用所学的微技能发现问题、解决问题，从而具备自主英语学习的能力。

1、阅读教学建议（1）运用―略读与找读（skimming and scanning）‖开展阅读教学活动略读是指快读阅读文章以了解其内容大意的预读方法。

略读是有选择性地进行阅读，可以跳过某些细节，要求抓住文章的大概，从而加快阅读速度。

在略读时，往往通过浏览文章的引言、标题、小标题、每段的首末句及插图来迅速了解文章的内容。

找读是一种从大量的资料中迅速查找某一项具体事实或某一向特定信息，如人物、事件、时间、地点、数字等，对其他无关部分则略去不读的快速阅读方法。