14届北京市昌平区高三质检文综政治 (2)
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顺义区2014届高三第二次统练文科综合能力测试政治卷本试卷分为两部分,第一部分为选择题;第二部分为非选择题,共300分。
考试时长150分钟。
考生务必将答案做在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后,学生将答题卡上交。
第一部分 (选择题共140分)本部分共35小题,每小题4分,共140分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。
23.图7漫画反映了2003年3月美国开始宣布对伊拉克作战时其欧洲盟国所持的态度。
此漫画反映A.美国建立起了单极世界霸权 B.欧洲各国开始联合抵制美国C.世界政治格局的多极化趋势 D.美欧共同建立反伊拉克同盟“金鱼缸法则”即“透明效应”。
它是一种比喻,金鱼缸是玻璃做的,透明度很高,不论从哪个角度观察,里面的情况都一清二楚。
回答24~26题。
24.某市社保局召开局务会议时对媒体全程开放,并表示以后只要涉及民生的工作,都将向媒体公开。
“金鱼缸法则”在行政领域的试用是为了①让权力在阳光下运行②规范政府及其工作人员的行政行为③更好地保障公民的知情权和监督权④提高政府的行政效率A.①② B. ①④ C. ②③ D. ③④25. 某市在第二届人民代表大会常务委员会第三十六次会议上,设立了8个公民旁听席。
关于人大常委会,下列认识正确的是A.是最高国家权力机关B.其他国家机关由它产生,受它监督C.旁听是公民直接参与人大事务管理的途径 D.享有立法权、决定权、任免权、监督权26.对自己的弱点缺陷是背靠背还是面对面,是检验一个人人格力量的试金石。
“透明效应”启示我们要A.生活的更现实一点,不要虚幻B.勇于面对自己的弱点,不要自我欺骗C.用发展的观点看问题,悉心保护新事物D.通过自我营造相反的事实,获得心理平衡27.图8漫画蕴含的哲理是A.天气可以影响人的心情B.下雨可能是坏事也可能是好事C.不同的问题要采取不同的解决办法D.人可以主动创造好心情28. 某制药厂商如是说:应永远铭记,我们旨在救人,不在求利。
昌平区2013-2014学年第一学期高三年级期末质量监控文综试卷(300分,150分钟) 2014.1本试卷共14页,共300分。
考试时间150分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题共140分)本部分共35小题,每小题4分,共计140分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。
“嫦娥三号”自西昌卫星发射基地发射,于2013年12月14日21时10分,实现月面软着陆。
据此,回答第1、2题。
1.“嫦娥三号”月面着陆时A.伦敦王宫前正在举行升旗仪式B.之后两日,悉尼正午太阳高度角正逐步扩大C.南非开普敦正处于雨季D.1个月内,莫斯科会出现极夜现象2.西昌卫星发射基地与酒泉、太原两基地相比,突出的发射优势是A.纬度低 B.少地震 C.多晴天 D.地形平坦图1是“某国沿海地区及夏季某日气象资料统计图”。
从20世纪中后期开始,该国东北部制造业由盛转衰,被工厂遗弃的设备锈迹斑斑,从而成为“锈带”。
读图,回答第3~5题。
墨西哥湾图13.甲地A.沿海受寒流影响,降水少B.河流径流量的季节变化小C.位于河流侵蚀平原上D.属于亚热带常绿阔叶林带4.此时甲地A.受强烈的热带高气压影响B.受冷锋影响形成大量降水C.城市应该启动防内涝预案D.盛行西北风5.“锈带”A.已成为世界的微电子产业中心B.制造业研发与生产部门多迁出C.青壮年人口的比重下降D.城市中心大力兴建高档住宅区图2是我国东部沿海地区某区域地质构造示意图,图中箭头表示夏季的主导风向。
读图,回答第6、7题。
图26.图中A.A处为向斜形成的山岭B.B处为断层形成的陡崖C.C处易产生滑坡现象D.D处岩石属于岩浆岩7.图中A.乙河a岸侵蚀作用强于b岸B.丙处油气资源丰富C.丁处地下水位回落D.甲-乙-丙体现了纬度地带性规律人口抚养比是非劳动年龄人口数与劳动年龄人口数的比值。
读图3,回答第8、9题。
北京市2024年普通高中学业水平等级性考试思想政治参考答案本试卷满分100分,考试时间90分钟。
第一部分一、选择题(本大题共15小题,每小题3分,共45分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是最符合题目要求的)1.A2.B3.D4.B5.C6.A7.B8.C9.D10.C11.C12.A13.D14.A15.D第二部分二、非选择题(本大题共6小题,共55分)16.①文明因交流而多彩,因互鉴而丰富。
中华文明的国际影响力是在交流中实现的。
②通过翻译,搭建了文化交流的平台,有利于各种文明交流互鉴,取长补短,共同发展。
③通过题译,有利于推动中华文明走出去,展现可信、可爱、可敬的中国形象,提升中华文明的国际影响力。
17.推进法律实施,就部分爱国主义教育基地向未成年人收取门票费违反法律规定等问题阐明法律依据;严格公正司法,相关区检察院向本区发改委制发诉前检察建议,督促政府履行监管职责和相关部门落实未成年人保护法;全面履行政府职能。
发改委持续跟进督促爱国主义教育基地整改情况,严格公正执法;形成治理合力,提高社会治理法治化水平,推动全社会树立法治意识。
18.(1)该推理属于简单判断推理中的三段论。
该判断错误。
中项在前提中至少周延一次是三段论推理的基本规则之一,本题中“当代先进生产力”作为中项,在两个前提中都没有周延,所以不能得出结论。
(2)①通过宏观调控和政府的经济职能,制定产业规划,优化产业结构,促进高质量发展。
②新质生产力也是绿色生产力。
要贯彻绿色发展理念,建立科技创新引领的现代化产业体系,科技创新促进经济增长动能的转换,是发展新质生产力的核心要素。
③贯彻开放发展理念,扩大高水平对外开放,促进新质生产力发展。
④劳动者是生产力中最重要的因素,政府通过加大财政支持、完善分配制度,发挥市场调节的决定性作用,引导数据要素资源合理流动,调动技术人员创新积极性。
19.①支持原告诉讼请求。
②市场主体应该遵循公平竞争和依法经营的规则,法律还规定,禁止实施商业诋毁行为。
昌平区2014年高三年级第二次统一练习英语试卷2014.4第二部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分)( )21. Our English teacher often gets us _____ some famous films in the class.A. watchB. watchingC. to watchD. watched( )22. ---- What are you going to do this weekend?---- I don’t know. I go to Beihai Park.A. mustB. wouldC. shouldD. might( )23. The V oice of China has set up a stage____ some people can realize their dreams.A. whichB. whereC. thatD. when( )24. The teacher is very much ____ letting students use i-phones in the class.A. againstB. toC. overD. about( )25. ——Why did you not come to the party?——I ______ it, but my car broke down on the way.A. attendedB. had attendedC. would attendD. would have attended ( )26. There is no need to leave a tip in Canada. Service ________ in the bill.A.includedB.is includedC.includesD.was included( )27. On Christmas Eve, children are eager to know _______Father Christmas comes and puts presents into their stockings.A.thatB.whatC.whereD.how( )28. I have learned that clothes ______ online are of poor quality.A. boughtB. buyingC. to buyD. having bought( )29. --- Jenny, do you remember the first time we met?--- Sure. You ______ the suitcase at the airport.A. were carryingB. carriedC. have carriedD. had carried( )30. He didn’t care, ________ he could have something to fill his stomach.A.in caseB.so long asC.as ifD.even though( )31. It is the first time that Michel _______ the Summer Palace.A.is visitingB.visitsC.has visitedD.will visit( )32. Arrive late once more _____ you will be fired.A.andB.butC.soD.or( )33. _______ he said in the wedding ceremony moved everyone present.A. HowB. ThatC. WhatD. Which( )34. ______ on top of the hill,you can get a good view of the whole city.A.StoodB.StandC.To standD.Standing( )35. — What do you want for breakfast, Mike?— I think I _______ some bread and milk.A. am going to haveB. hadC. will haveD. am having第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,共30分)One day I met a man in the hospital, who needed blood to save his daughter. He was struggling to get blood for her and curiously 36 my blood type. My blood type was the same needed for his daughter. Before that I 37 donated my blood, so I was afraid of doing this and didn’t know what to do.Then suddenly I saw a little girl in the hospital, who was 38 from a critical disease and needed blood from her six-year-old brother. Yes, from her younger brother, why?His brother had 39 suffered with the same disease and by God's kindness 40 by developing the anti-bodies(抗体) needed to fight for the disease.The doctor explained the situation to her little brother, and asked the boy if he would be 41 to give his blood to his sister. I saw him 42 for only a moment before taking a deep breath and saying, "Yes, I'll do it if it will save my sister."As the transfusion(输液)progressed, he smiled, seeing the 43 returning to her sister's cheeks. But suddenly, his face grew pale and his 44 faded. He looked up at the doctor and asked with a 45 voice,"Am I going to die?"Being young, the boy had 46 the doctor; he thought he was going to give her all his blood and 47 his life.I felt 48 , when that young boy, 49 the fact of blood donation, got ready to give his blood, thinking that he will lose his life but save his sister's life. And I, being a mature person, knowing that this will not 50 my life, I will not lose my life, 51 save others’ lives and I was hesitant of doing this.That moment 52 my thoughts and I became enthusiastic about doing this important duty and felt that true 53 by helping save that little girl's life.If any patient dies due to a blood shortage, I will not call this the 54 of doctors, as science is still not able to make blood art ificially. Only we can save others’ lives 55 donating blood.( )36. A. tested B. asked C. noticed D. found( )37. A. always B. ever C. seldom D. never( )38. A. suffering B. dropping C. preventing D. recovering( )39. A. almost B. only C. still D. also( )40. A. survived B. died C. corrected D. controlled( )41. A. careful B. willing C. fearful D. hard( )42. A. shake B. defend C. hesitate D. bargain( )43. A. sorrow B. relief C. color D. pain( )44. A. plan B. smile C. light D. pride( )45. A. disappointing B. exciting C. trembling D. satisfying( )46. A. questioned B. misunderstood C. accepted D. believed( )47. A. lose B. protect C. save D. destroy( )48. A. ashamed B. proud C. scared D. pleased( )49. A. discovering B. designing C. unknowing D. collecting( )50. A. improve B. select C. turn D. affect( )51. A. so B. and C. or D. but( )52. A. threw B. changed C. hurt D. stopped( )53. A. happiness B. success C. purpose D. advantage( )54. A.goal B. task C. fault D. nature( )55. A. to B. for C. on D. by第三部分:阅读理解(共两节,40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,共30分)AThe following are letters to the editor of a school newspaperDear editor,I’d like to express my opinion about grades. Students should be allowed to study without worrying about grades. Fortunately, most educators are becoming aware of the fact that students have different interests and abilities. I understand that grades are useful, but grades often limit creativity. Competing for better grades causes many students to turn down opportunities to pursue music, dramatics and sports. Grades force an arbitrary(武断的) standard of success on everyone. I do not demand as some extremists do, that grades be removed immediately. However, I do believe that less emphasis should be placed on grades. I hope that someday grades will become optional at Village High School.Magdalena SmithDrama Club Dear editor,I’d like to say something about grades. Let’s face the facts about grades. Grades perform three basic functions. First, grades motivate students to work at their highest level of competence. Second, they act as a reward for hardworking students and as a punishment to students who do not work hard. Finally, grades are used as an effective standard by which to measure student achievement. Good grades help students to get jobs and to get into university. I've spoken with a number of students who have jobs, and most of them say that they were hired primarily on the basis of their grades. My grades helped me land a part-time job and will help me get into university next year. I think grades are extremely important at Village High School.Simon HarperScience Club ( )56. Which of the following is not Magdalena Smith’s opinion?A. Students may give up the chance to learn music and sports for grades.B. Students’ creativity may not be developed for grades.C. Grades should not be used to measure a person’s success.D. Grades should be taken away at once.( )57. We can learn Simon Harper _____.A. believes in the benefits of good gradesB. is concerned about students' creativityC. doesn't work too hard at his studiesD. supports students' interests and abilities( )58. From the second letter, we can infer that Simon Harper is a/an_____.A. teacherB. headmasterC. studentD. advertiserBAs a boy I was always small for my age. I was also five years younger than one of my brothers and seven years younger than the other. As a result I often felt left out when their friends came over to play. I was either too small or too young for whatever they were doing and they didn't want their younger brother listening in on their conversations either. More often than not I found myself outside playing alone and feeling forgotten.I remember one spring afternoon feeling especially lonely as I sat in the yard behind our house. We lived miles from town and I rarely saw my own friends outside of school. I heard my brothers laughing from inside the house and felt a single tear coming down my cheek. At that moment I saw a large brown dog walking over to me. He looked happy and his tail was wagging as well. Even though he didn't know me he greeted me like a long lost friend, licking my chin and sitting beside me on the spring grass. It must have been at least an hour that I petted and talked to this four-legged angel. He let me pour out all my troubles and share my deepest thoughts before he kissed my cheek goodbye and ambled off either to Heaven or his home. I went back inside feeling happy, knowing that no matter what life may hold I was loved. Now over 40 years later I still remember that angel with a smile.I believe that God sent him in that moment of sadness to remind me just how much he loved me. There is nothing more important than knowing we are loved. When we are loved, we will learn to love others. Learning to love helps us to understand ourselves and other people better.( )59. How did the writer fee l when his brothers’ friends came?A. Proud.B. Lonely.C. Worried.D. Happy.( )60. The writer shared his troubles and thoughts with the dog because ______.A. it was his friendB. it could understand himC. it was friendly to himD. it looked like an angel( )61. From Paragraph 2, we can learn that ______.A. the boy met a long lost friendB. the boy had no friends at schoolC.the dog helped the boy realize that he was lovedD.the dog spent the afternoon with the boy and his brothers( )62. The author wrote the story to______.A. encourage people to talk about their troublesB. tell people they should treat animals friendlyC. share his unforgettable experience with usD. show knowing you are loved is the most importantCMost city parks are places where you can escape from big, ugly structures of metal and stone. The Manhattan High Line is different. Raised 25 feet above the ground, this massive metal structure once supported a rail line. The line opened in 1934 to bring trains directly into factories and warehouses. It was hardly used after the 1960s, and much of it was torn down. However, one section remained in an area of Manhattan called Chelsea. Chelsea was becoming more and more valuable as restaurants, art galleries and apartments were built, but the ugly railway structure remained as a dead weight. Everyone knew that at some time, it would have to be removed.But the High Line was not destroyed. In fact, now the old rail line serves as one of the most peaceful places in the city. It holds an elevated park, with beautiful gardens, a sidewalk and great views of the city. The idea to change the rail line into a park came from Joshua David and Robert Hammond. In 1999, they attended a community meeting to decide the fate(命运) of the High Line. David and Hammond were the only people at the meeting interested in saving the structure for its historical significance. Later on, when they asked railway officials to take them up to look at the High Line, they saw a mile and a half of wild flowers growing in the middle of the city, and they realized that the High Line had potential to become a park. There was growing interest in improving urban centers, and so the project quickly won support and funds for construction were easily obtained.The first section of the High Line opened in 2009 and immediately became popular with tourists and locals alike. Each part of the park has a different atmosphere. Some areas are like balconies (阳台)with wonderful city views. Where the rail line goes between buildings, trees are thickly planted. Other sections have wide walkways planted with wild flowers. Only the final section remains the way it has been for the last fifty years – a railway line overgrown with weeds.( )63. The underlined phrase “a dead weight” in Paragraph 1 means_____.A. something with potential to be better.B. something with historical interest.C. something which is a danger to people.D. something useless which slows progress.( )64. According to Paragraph 2, David and Hammond wanted to save the High Line because they_____.A. thought it had historical valueB. wanted to reopen the train lineC. thought it would bring them moneyD. were interested in improving the city( )65. From the last paragraph, we can learn that the park ______.A. is different in its designB. is covered with treesC. didn’t change at allD. became a natural countryside( )66. Which of the following is NOT true about the High Line?A. It is situated above ground level.B. Only part of the line remains.C. It is now a popular park.D. Trains still use the line.DDid you know that there are actually people who have paid for a flight to the moon? In the future, there will be a lot more opp ortunities to travel to faraway places than now… perhaps even as far as the moon. As people adventure further and further away and as planes, trains, cars, and rocket ships become faster, is it safer to have these vehicles controlled by humans or by computers?While many flights by plane are controlled automatically by machines, most people today wouldn’t let their car drive itself. That’s because currently the autopilot function on your car can only keep it on the same course you are travelling on. It wo n’t turn the car right or left. It won’t stop if an animal jumps in the way. However, cars today can sense when something is too close and warn the driver with flashing lights and alarms. Many cars also have GPS(global positioning systems)that tell drivers which road to take and when to turn. These systems, unlike human drivers, never get lost. In the future, it is easy to believe that your car will be better able to drive itself with the aid of computers that can determine the position of your car and the speed it should travel at.In addition to computers being ‘smarter’ than people regarding the best way to go or knowing how close another vehicle is, computers don’t get sick, tired, or angry. This means they won’t make the same mistakes that people make when they are not having a good day. While responding with emotion is a good thing when choosing the best way to deal with a friend’s personal problem, it may not be such a good thing when deciding what to do at the wheel of a fast-moving vehicle.So what are the disadvantages of autopilot systems? Maybe one disadvantage is that a small computer problem could cause a serious accident. It could also be argued that in unexpected situations, computers might not be able to respond appropriately; some decisions require human emotions. Another problem might be that if everything were controlled by computers or robots, people wouldn’t have any jobs.( )67. What is the best title for the passage?A. The Development of AutopilotB. Technology of Future TravelC. A New Driving SystemD. Computerized Cars( )68. Which of the following is the disadvantage of an autopilot system?A. It won’t make the same mistakes as people do.B. It can point out the best route for the driver.C. It might not respond properly to unexpected situations.D. It does not have human emotions to influence its function.( )69. If some falling rocks roll down toward your car, the autopilot on your car will_______.A. inform you of the dangerB. turn the car right or leftC. do nothing about itD. stop the car( )70. What’s the author’s attitude towards the autopilot?A. Approving.B. Objective.C. Negative.D. Doubtful.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,共10分)Mass MigrationLook up at the sky one autumn day and you might see a flock of birds in V-formation. 71 All summer, they have lived in the north where they made their nests, laid their eggs, hatched, and raised their young. Soon, snow and ice will cover all their northern breeding grounds, so they must migrate south where food is easier to find. It is necessary to create worldwide bird sanctuaries(保护区) before many of these species become extinct(灭绝).72 The Arctic tern travels 10,625 miles from one polar region to the other. This may be the longest migration of any animal on Earth. Not all birds migrate. Some are able to adapt to winter by changing their diets.73 For most species, however, it is easier to migrate to climates that are not as severe.Somehow, migrating birds know exactly where they are going and how to get there. It is amazing to think about how birds are able to return to the same place year after year. 74 Other scientists believe that migratory birds navigate by following certain coastlines, mountains, and rivers. However they do it, theseamazing creatures always arrive in the right place at the right time. In the spring, they return to their nesting grounds up north to lay their eggs and care for their young.It is important for the people of the world to protect the estuaries (河口)and wetlands . 75 With so many species of birds’ habitats threatened worldwide, our children may never be able to enjoy the beauty of these migrating wonders.A. These birds stay in the same place all year.B. They are important to endangered species.C. Some birds travel great distances, crossing entire continents and oceans.D. They are flying south where there is warmth and food during the winter.E. Birds fly around the world according to the weather year around year.F. Some scientists think it is possible for birds to use the stars to find their way.G. The birds that migrate south in winter return to different places when weather is warm.第四部分:书面表达(共两节,35分)第一节(15分)你的英国朋友Tom打算明年来北京学汉语,来信向你咨询如何才能学好汉语。
北京昌平区2019高三年末检测试题-政治(文综)政治2018.1 天宫一号与神舟八号交会对接任务圆满完成,标志着中国成功叩开了空间站时代的大门。
回答24、25题。
24、神八和天宫一号首次“太空相拥”,是中国航天人在掌握天地往返、出舱活动技术之后,又一次在航天技术上的创新与突破,为将来建造空间站、开展大规模的空间应用奠定了良好的基础。
这表达的哲理是①事物发展的方向是前进的,道路是曲折的②实践是认识的目的和动力③规律是客观的,人可以改变和利用规律④追求真理是一个永无止境的过程A、①③B、②③C、②④D、③④25.空间站作为探索太空和发展科技的全新平台,对地球科学、外太空探索、材料学、生物学和制药等领域的研究具有特殊意义。
它的建立有利于①带动高新技术产业发展②推动生产力的发展③提高人民生活水平④增强自主创新能力A.①②③B.①②④C.①③④D.②③④26.伴随着城市化进程,每年有1500万农村人口转为城市人口。
人们担忧通货膨胀,选择通过买房实现保值增值,使土地价格猛增,导致房价不断上涨。
这说明商品价格主要是由A、商品质量决定B、居民的购买力决定C、消费心理决定D、价值决定,并受供求关系影响27.图13说明①我国经济迅速发展②城乡居民储蓄不断增加③居民消费结构改善④城乡居民收入差距扩大A.①②B.①④C.②③D.②④城市精神是展示城市形象、引领城市发展的内在力量。
自2017年5月以来,北京市政府积极开展“北京精神”提炼培育工作,最终确定“爱国创新包容厚德”为“北京精神”。
回答28、29题。
28.北京人民在长期发展建设实践过程中形成的“北京精神”①表达了社会主义核心价值体系的要求②增强了北京的文化软实力③表达了弘扬和培育中华民族精神的要求④表达了各族人民对中华文化具有认同感A、①②③B、①②④C、①③④D、②③④29.“北京精神”提炼培育工作领导小组曾邀请知名专家学者进行研讨,征询并听取市人大代表和政协委员的意见,经过20多万市民参与投票评选,提炼出了“北京精神”。
2024年高考政治真题试卷(北京卷)一、选择题(本大题共15小题,每小题3分,共45分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是最符合题目要求的)1.辛亥革命后,各种政治力量反复较量,中国共产党脱颖而出,团结带领人民夺取了新民主主义革命胜利,建立了人民当家作主的新中国。
新中国成立后,党领导人民召开人民代表大会,通过了一九五四年宪法,确立了人民代表大会制度。
75年来,我国社会生产力、综合国力、人民生活水平实现了历史性跨越。
下列分析正确的是()①中国共产党深刻改变了中国人民和中华民族的前途命运②“五四宪法”以国家根本法的形式确认了中国人民掌握国家权力的历史变革③政治制度是推动社会历史发展的决定力量④美好生活是社会主义社会发展的直接动力A.①②B.①③C.②④D.③④2.基层是国家治理的末梢,是党和政府联系服务群众的“最后一公里”。
整治形式主义为基层减负,是一项重要政治任务。
身边有什么问题线索,对基层减负有哪些意见建议,都可以到“留言板”说说。
下列选项正确的是()①公开征集问题线索和减负建议,坚持了群众观点与群众路线②直面基层工作难点,为基层减负,要以征集的意见建议作为行动出发点③理顺基层事务职责,要坚持问题导向,勇于面对矛盾,善于化解矛盾④形式是事物存在的基础,要坚持内容与形式的统一,以形式减量促服务增量A.①②B.①③C.②④D.③④3.将青山唤作“翠微”,“十里楼台倚翠微”;将信使唤作“鸿雁”,“鸿雁几时到,江湖秋水多”;将日月星辰唤作“曜灵”“望舒”“白榆”……天地万物,草木摇落,飞禽走兽,稚子鱼虫,多有其雅称,富有诗意。
这说明()A.人们的精神世界归根到底是由语言文字塑造的B.雅称是人们想象出来的观念,是一种个体意识C.事物的美感来自于自然界本身,不以人的意志为转移D.雅称呈现了意境之美,蕴含着中华文化的丰富内涵4.每年春天和秋天,有数百万只鸟在迁徙途中经过北京。
某社区在专业团队的支持下,基于已有的湿地环境进行微地形改造,根据鸟类需要,补植白皮松、丁香等植物,形成立体植物群落,引入鸢尾等水生植物,形成丰富的水生植物群落,吸引了多种鸟类在社区栖息。
北京市昌平区2020-2021学年高三上学期期末政治试题第一部分一、在每题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。
1. 在牛耕文化底蕴深厚的中国,作为家畜“主力”的牛,一直以来都是勤奋与奉献精神的代表。
2021年,生肖牛年,发行《辛丑年》特种邮票一套两枚(如图),第一枚描绘了雄壮有力、一往无前的奔牛形象,第二枚描绘了大牛与小牛舔犊情深的温馨画面。
该套邮票()①表达的思想和情感是艺术创作的源泉和动力②展现脚踏实地、敢于拼搏、开拓进取的精神③传递家庭兴旺和谐、团圆美满的美好祝福④促进中华文化交融互鉴中发展繁荣A. ①③B. ①④C. ②③D. ②④【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】①:社会实践是艺术创作的源泉和动力,①错误。
②③:牛一直以来都是勤奋与奉献精神的代表,以牛为图腾的邮票要么彰显雄壮有力、一往无前,要么彰显大牛与小牛的舔犊情深,这展现脚踏实地、敢于拼搏、开拓进取的精神,也传递家庭兴旺和谐、团圆美满的美好祝福,②③符合题意。
④:材料未涉及外国文化,也就不体现“促进中华文化在交融互鉴中发展繁荣”,④排除。
故本题选C。
【点睛】2. “监”字,最早见于商代甲骨文,描绘的是一个人俯身低头,面对盛水的器皿,本意是以水为镜照视自己,于是引申出自上视下的意思,又引申出检查、监督等含义。
这个字走过几千年,外形几经演变,其核心含义却一直沿用至今。
中国共产党坚定不移推进全面从严治党,健全党和国家的监督体系,走出了一条中国特色的监督之路。
下列古诗文最能体现这一思想的是()A. 浮事新人换旧人B. 成如容易却艰辛C. 少年辛苦终身事D. 恶竹应须斩万竿【答案】D【解析】【详解】“监”字走过几千年,外形几经演变,其核心含义却一直沿用至今,中国共产党健全党和国家的监督体系,走出了一条中国特色的监督之路,这体现了辩证否定的哲学道理。
A:“浮事新人换旧人”意思是事物的不断前进,多指新人新事代替旧人旧事,未能体现辩证否定的哲学道理,A不符合题意。
2014年北京市高考政治试卷一、选择题(共12小题,每小题4分,满分48分)1.(4分)数间民居、一湾流水、挺拔的轻松和结伴的人们……以丰子恺漫画为底稿的“中国梦”公益广告,亮相于全国大街小巷,向人们诠释着我国仁爱宽厚、孝悌友善等传统美德,引起了人们内心的共鸣。
这说明传统美德()A.只能通过特定的方式传播B.必须按照原有的含义理解C.始终具有同样的社会背景D.仍然具有巨大的时代价值2.(4分)“天人合一,顺时而食。
”一家老字号食品企业在这一古老智慧的启发下,随着二十四节气的更替,推出了清明的青团、谷雨的椿芽酥、立夏的青梅饼,芒种的乌梅酥、大暑的荷叶饼等广受消费者欢迎的时令点心。
这表明()①传统文化对人们的生活有着持久影响②民族文化的传承要以市场经济为前提③民族文化是文化创新的泉和动力④文化与经济之间具有相互交融的关系。
A.①②B.③④C.②③D.①④3.(4分)中国早期的时空观念与古代农民的农舍和劳作有关。
农舍是他们的生活世界,他们从农舍得到空间观念。
“日出而作,日落而息”,他们由农舍出入得到时间观念。
这表明()①中国早期的时空观念于主观想象②中国早期的时空观念是农业文明的产物③时空观念是客观存在的主观映象④时空观念对社会生活起了决定性作用。
A.①②B.①④C.②③D.③④4.(4分)经济建设与生态建设的协调发展,通俗地讲,就是要金山银山和绿水青山,某地在实践中对这“两座山”关系的认识经过了三个阶段:一是用绿水青山去换金山银山;二是既要金山银山,也要绿水青山;三是绿水青山本身就是金山银山。
这一认识过程说明()①每一阶段的特点相同②是一个由浅入深的发展过程③是一种圆圈式的循环运动④经过实践和认识的多次反复达到了更高境界。
A.①③B.①④C.②③D.②④5.(4分)北京某胡同推行垃圾分类新招。
居民将与自家对应的二维码贴在塑料袋上分类投放垃圾,垃圾综合处理厂通过二维码扫描仪分拣垃圾,政府部门对正确分类和投放的住户进行奖励。
昌平区2019学年第二学期高三年级第二次统一练习文综(政治部分) 2019.4本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,第Ⅰ卷1至7页,第Ⅱ卷8至14页,共300分。
考试时间150分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后,监考老师将答题卡收回。
注意事项:1、答题前考生务必用黑色字迹的签字笔在答题卡上填写姓名、考试编号,然后再用2B 铅笔将与考试编号对应的信息点涂黑。
2、答题卡第Ⅰ卷必须用2B铅笔作答,将选中项涂满涂黑,黑度以盖住框内字母为准,修改时用橡皮擦除干净再涂。
第Ⅱ卷必须用黑色字迹的签字笔按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答,未在对应的答题区域内作答或超出答题区域内作答的均不得分。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题)在每小题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。
2019年12月5日至7日,中央经济工作会议在北京召开。
回答24~27题。
24.中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席胡锦涛在会议上强调,2019年继续实施积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策。
下列措施属于“积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策”的选项是①减少政府的财政支出②降低银行存贷款利率③调整税目,降低税率④增发国债,保持适度的财政赤字A.①②③B.①②④C.①③④D.②③④25.当前我国经济回升的基础还不牢固,积极变化和不利影响同时显现,世界经济复苏基础也并不稳固,国际金融危机影响仍然存在。
为此,中央提出要着力提高政策的针对性和灵活性。
这体现了中国共产党①执政能力的进一步加强②遵循执政规律,坚持科学执政③正确履行社会主义文化建设职能④是国家法律和大政方针的制定者A.①② B.①③ C.②③ D.③④26.中央提出要着力提高政策的针对性和灵活性,这体现的哲学道理是①一切从实际出发,实事求是②矛盾普遍性寓于特殊性之中③同一事物在发展的不同阶段有不同的矛盾④发挥主观能动性必须尊重客观实际和规律A.①②B.①③C.①②③D.①③④27.加强国家宏观调控是保证社会主义市场经济健康发展的前提。
2014年北京政治高考分析及2015年学习指导2014年北京高考文综试题政治部分,相较2013年,试卷整体结构无太大变化。
知识难度保持稳定,知识的理解和运用难度则有所增加,集中表现在主观题上。
命题更加贴近生活实际,贴近党的十八大报告,要求同学们更关注国家大事,切实提高运用知识解决生活问题的能力。
下面我们对2014年北京高考文综试题政治部分进行全面详细的分析。
总体分析命题突出价值立意,传递正能量,弘扬社会主义核心价值观。
将中华传统文化与社会主义核心价值观紧密结合,凸显社会主义核心价值观的主导地位,引领作用;2、选材生活化,十八大考题化。
24题的传统美德,25题的老字号时令点心、28题的胡同垃圾分类、38题的北京地铁,均为学生所熟知的话题,特别是38题,带有强烈的北京特色,是切切实实发生在考生身边的例子。
而大部分试题内容及其理论背景都同党的十八大密切相关。
文化生活考察文化创新的内容,印证了2013年2月27日教育部印发的高中思想政治课程改革指导意见当中的要求;3、更注重分析,更注重逻辑,强调理论联系实际的能力。
以38题为例,运用经济学的知识谈对北京地铁调价的理解,学生往往对材料背景熟悉,所用知识清楚,难在怎么用所学的理论知识来联系实际,以解决现实层面的问题。
这对学生获取和解读信息的能力,调动和运用知识的能力,论证和探讨问题的能力,理论联系实际的能力都提出了要求;4、开放式命题,兼顾整体的同时,尊重和考虑学生个性。
如“北京地铁票价改如何调整”,是涨还是不涨,多涨还是少涨,并没有唯一确定的答案,考生根据所学知识,能自圆其说即可。
5、回归课程标准,回归教材,回归基础知识。
二、试题分析试题分值2014年北京高考文综政治部分包括12个单选题(4分/每个,共48分),3个主观题(52 分)39 (1) 社会主义核心价值观文化与生活 539(2)实践与认识的辩证关系生活与哲学740 (3) 矛盾的特殊性生活与哲学 6 从上表可以看出,本次考试在各考察模块的分值分布,必修一占32%,必修二占26%,必修三占21%,必修四占21%。
14届北京市昌平区高三质检文综政治24.2013年,“汉字英雄”和“中国汉字听写大会”节目在中央电视台热播。
汉字听写题的覆盖面很广,不仅含有“物理、化学、地理、生物”知识,还融入了生活、情感元素等,更具娱乐性和挑战性,掀起了人们对汉字的关注。
人们之所以关注汉字,是因为:①需要普及书法艺术,使中华文化走向世界②汉字能够传递知识,具有学习应用的文化价值③能在科学文化的陶冶中提升自身的政治修养④汉字是中华文化的基本载体,是中华文明的重要标志A.①②B.①③C.②④D.③④25.法国艺术家贝纳尔创作的装置艺术作品“在世界里诞生,又孕育出世界”,是一个椭圆形的完全用现代材料制成的白色蛋壳装置。
这件作品的创作灵感来自于中国古老的典籍《易经》,使这件作品既像闪烁的星空,又像刻满中国古老文字的龟甲。
这件作品的构思体现了:①中华文化面向世界、博采众长②中西文化相互启发与借鉴③文化是世界的,要吸收外国文化的有益成果④要尊重文化差异,才能使不同文化同步发展A.①②B.①④C.②③D.③④26.目前中国的世界遗产地数量逐年增加,已居于世界第二位。
对于申遗问题,有人认为如果是建立在功利或是对商业利润的追求上,会对自然文化遗产造成破坏,甚至毁灭。
这表明,我们应该:①把科学发展观作为价值取向,实现遗产保护与旅游开发的统一②加强对自然资源的保护,提高我国的经济发展水平③自觉站在最广大人民的立场上,做出价值判断和价值选择④集中力量解决主要矛盾,把旅游开发作为经济增长的动力A.①②B.①③C.②③D.③④27.下列成语中与图7漫画“镜头”蕴含相同哲理的是:图7“镜头”A.千里之堤,溃于蚁穴 B.人无远虑,必有近忧C.仁者见仁,智者见智D.管中窥豹,可见一斑28.历时3年,复旦大学课题组通过现代基因反推和古DNA检测双重验证,在没有古人检测样本的情况下,根据对后人的研究,推测出古代家族基因,宣布已完全确定了曹操家族的DNA,第一次从基因层面验证了许多同姓人群在千百年前确实是一家。
这说明:①人能够能动地改造世界②实践是检验认识的真理性的唯一标准③事物发展是前进性与曲折性的统一④人们可以认识和创造事物之间的联系A.①②B.①③C.②③D.③④挟泰山以超北海,此不能也,非不为也;为老人折枝,是不为也,非不能也。
敬老爱老,贵在实效。
回答第29~30题。
29.现阶段各厂商的目标群体均以年轻人为主。
随着社会的变迁,我国老年人的消费观念正在由以前的储蓄为主型向生活改善型转变,老年旅游、保健、康复医疗、娱乐、食品等概念相继而出,我们正在感受“银发经济”的到来。
这表明:A.社会意识具有相对独立性B.看问题要做到主客观具体的历史的统一C.矛盾的普遍性通过特殊性表现出来D.发挥主观能动性是按规律办事的前提30.目前我国空巢老人日益增多,他们绝大多数不会选择外出养老,这就需要自己调试并使用各种电器。
但电视等产品功能繁多,出现了老年人“不会看电视”,不需要、不会用各种智能功能的窘境。
要缓解该难题,企业应该:A.拓宽销售渠道,降低产品成本B.转变经营策略,提高服务质量C.研发适合老年消费群体需求特点的专用产品D.提高基本功能型家电生产能力,增加产品功能31.图8描述的是供给曲线的移动(横轴Q为商品数量,纵轴P为价格)。
下列做法中,有利于供给曲线由S向右移到S1的变量有:图8①居民收入增加②技术水平提高③消费方式转变④生产成本降低A.①②B.①③C.②③D.②④32.“电灯只有一张纸的厚度,还能弯曲折叠;滴一滴血,5分钟就能进行早期肿瘤诊断。
”这些尖端成果在某公司已转化成真金白银。
地球空间信息、生物等产业展现出该公司创新驱动发展的体制机制的成绩。
这是我国众多科技创新企业中的一个代表,企业创新:①是提高社会生产力和综合国力的战略支撑②有利于推动经济持续健康发展③是促进收入分配公平的根本措施④能够促进生产的专业化,增加居民收入A.①②B.①③C.②④D.③④“改革是中国最大的红利”。
中国共产党的十八届三中全会审议通过了《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》。
回答第33~34题。
33. 三中全会公报在发展非公有制经济方面有了新提法:“公有制经济和非公有制经济都是社会主义市场经济的重要组成部分,都是我国经济社会发展的重要基础。
”这是为了:A.激发非公有制经济的活力和创造力B.使非公有制经济在国民经济中居支配地位C.使个体私营经济成为经济增长的主要推动力量D.不同企业平等使用生产要素,公有制实现形式多样化34.《决定》提出“经济体制改革是全面深化改革的重点,核心问题是处理好政府和市场的关系,使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用。
”这要求政府:A.依法行政,弱化管理和服务的职责B.深化行政管理体制改革,加快职能转变C.组织经济建设,强化管制能力D.遏制权钱交易等腐败现象的发生35.著名学者俞可平在其著作《民主是个好东西》中谈到,“民主是人类迄今最好的政治制度……民主保证人们的基本人权,给人们提供平等的机会,它本身就是人类的基本价值。
”下列有利于保障人民民主权利的举措是:A.我国开展第三次全国经济普查B.废止劳动教养制度,健全社区矫正制度C.全国扩大营改增试点范围,增强企业活力D.中国领导人生活化的照片在网上广泛传播38.(32分)民富才能国强,民安才能国稳,故民生乃国之根本。
农民增产不增收,是农户致富过程中的一个难题。
家庭农场主老马种的是统一的优质稻,面积大、品质好,让他有能力挑粮商。
但由于缺乏烘干设施,无法控制自己卖粮的节奏,只能以1.44元的价格卖出粮食。
同样卖稻子,农村合作社负责人老胡,既能借助新型粮食经营模式(如图11所示),又有国家补贴大半的专业统一的烘干设备,自主选择了卖粮的好时机,以1.7元的价格卖出粮食,获得了可观的收益。
图11注:“粮食银行”是一种采取市场化运作,吸收农民手中余粮“储蓄”,“储户”可凭“存折”随时提取、购粮、折现的新型粮食经营业态。
(1)简要说明为什么老马和老胡的收益不同。
(2分)(2)结合材料,运用《经济生活》中的相关知识,说明农民如何才能控制卖粮节奏,实现增收。
(10分)当前,我国建立健全社会救助制度,关键是要把已有的成功做法上升为法规制度,推进以法治方式织牢保障困难群众基本生活的安全网。
坚持统筹城市和农村、兼顾当前和长远、政府救助与动员社会力量救助并举,切实使困难群众求助有门、受助及时。
(3)结合材料,运用矛盾的相关知识,说明怎样使困难群众获得有效救助。
(10分)建设武汉市民之家,是武汉市委、市政府贯彻落实科学发展观的一项重要举措。
市民之家现有66个单位进驻,设立318个受理窗口、办理426个行政审批和公共服务事项。
它的配套建设城市规划展示馆和中庭文化展示区是一座集政务服务、规划展示、教育培训等功能于一体的综合性服务平台。
该项目被市政府列为2012年为民办理的“十件实事”之首。
(4)结合材料,运用中国共产党的相关知识,说明武汉市委是如何践行为民执政理念的。
(10分)39.在2013年我国新一届领导集体的外交开局中,中国周边被置于非常重要的地位。
在周边外交中,新领导层十分密集地“邻里走动”,提出了丝绸之路经济带、21世纪海上丝绸之路、中国-东盟命运共同体、中国东盟2+7合作框架等周边合作的新思路和新概念。
(2)运用当代国际社会的相关知识,说明新一届领导集体着力打造中国周边外交的理由,以及所体现的外交政策。
(10分)40.过去十年,中国消失了90万个自然村。
自然村中包含的传统村落是中国农耕文明留下的重要遗产。
传统村落是指村落形成较早,拥有较丰富的传统资源,具有一定历史、文化、科学、艺术、社会和经济等价值,应予以保护的村落。
但随着社会的发展,在城镇化的快速推进过程中,村落的原始性以及吸附其上的文化性正在迅速瓦解。
因此,保护中国传统村落已经迫在眉睫。
(4)结合材料,分析保护中国传统村落的文化意义。
(10分)24.C 25.C 26.B 27.D 28.C 29.B 30.C 31.D 32.A 33.A 34.D 35.B38.(32分)(1)由于技术手段和经营模式不同,老马和老胡选择的卖粮时机不同,获得了不同的收益。
(3分)①农民借助粮食银行的经营模式,降低经营成本,提高产品的市场竞争力。
(3分)②政府发挥财政作用,实施支农补贴政策,支持农民购买技术设备。
(3分)③供求影响价格,供给相对减少时,农民选择恰当时机卖粮,实现增收。
(3分)(2)①矛盾具有普遍性,要承认矛盾,全面地看问题。
救助困难群众,需要统筹城乡、兼顾当前和长远、政府救助与动员社会力量救助并举。
(4分)②主要矛盾处于支配地位,对事物的发展起决定作用,要求我们要着重把握主要矛盾,要坚持两点论和重点论的统一。
当前社会救助的完善和发展存在着许多矛盾和问题,其中突出的问题是制度与法律保障。
以法治方式推进社会救助制度建设才能织牢保障困难群众基本生活的安全网,使困难群众求助有门、受助及时。
(6分)(3)武汉市委坚持全心全意为人民服务的宗旨,在城市建设中发挥领导核心作用。
(3分)坚持科学执政、民主执政,(2分)以人为本,把人民群众的根本利益作为一切工作的出发点和落脚点,建设市民之家,方便企业和市民办事。
(5分)39.(2)(10分)①新一届领导集体着力打造周边外交,是由我国的国家利益决定的。
(2分)实现中国与周边国家深化务实合作、互利共赢,可以为我国的发展创造良好的国际环境。
(2分)②我国坚持独立自主的和平外交政策。
(2分)新一届领导集体着力打造周边外交,体现了维护世界和平、促进共同发展的外交政策宗旨,以及和平共处的五项原则。
(4分)40.(4)(10分)①文化是在继承中发展的。
传统村落蕴藏着丰富的历史信息和文化景观,保护中国传统村落就是保护中华文化创新和发展的根基。
(5分)②传统村落是中国农耕文明留下的重要遗产。
保护中国传统村落,不仅对于研究人类文明的演进具有重要意义,而且能够展现中华文化的多样性,是人类共同的文化财富。
(5分)。