Porosity bookguide

ARMOR GUARD®967 Series Vinyl Ester Barrier Coats967BK150 (Black), 967WK396 (White)Copyright 2006-2016DescriptionArmorGuard® 967BK150 and 967WK396 have been formulated as barrier coats to reduce osmotic blistering, and as print blockers, to provide a smoother gel coat finish.Features and Benefits∙Reduced styrene∙Black color (967BK150) that provides a visual aid to see air bubbles during lamination∙White (967WK396) available for use behind low-hide colors∙Less osmotic (water) blistering∙Improved cosmetics due to reduced fiber print-through and distortion∙Reduced back-side tackUsing the IAPMO/ANSI Z.124.1 .2 – 2005, Sec. 6.1.1. Water Resistance Test Method, Polynt Composites' test results indicate that a blister rating of 4.0 (16 to 20 mils of gel coat, no barrier) can be reduced down to nearly ZERO using 16 to 20 mils of the same gel coat backed up with ArmorGuard®967BK150 or 967WK396. The same test shows that fiber print is reduced down from a rating of about 1.0 to less than 0.3.Do not use ArmorGuard® 967BK150 or 967WK396 as a finish coat, as exterior durability is poor, and will result in rapid chalking and fading.ArmorGuard® Vinyl Ester 967BK150 and 967WK396 gel coats meet the EPA National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) for Boat Manufacturing and Reinforced Composites Construction.Both thixotropic and accelerated, ArmorGuard® 967BK150 and 967WK396 require only the proper amount and type of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide to cure at room temperature.Typical Properties (77°F)These values may or may not be manufacturing control criteria; they are listed as a reference guide only. Particular batches may not conform exactly to the numbers listed because storage conditions, temperature changes, age, testing equipment (type and procedure) can each have a significant effect on the test results. Gel coats with properties outside of these ranges can perform acceptably.967 Series / Copyright 2006-2016(1) Brookfield RVF #4 spindle @ 4 rpm(2) 100 g mass, 1.8% Arkema Luperox® DDM-9ApplicationBefore mixing, ArmorGuard® 967BK150 or 967WK396 appear to be very thick in the container. It is important to mix the material before each use to provide the specified viscosity (see table above). Several suitable types of mixing equipment and styles of agitators are available for both pails and drums. Regardless of the specific type used, the equipment must have sufficient horsepower (relative to container size) to achieve thorough circulation from top to bottom and out to the sides of the container. The agitator must be properly sized for the container and must allow for uniform mixing regardless of the liquid level in the container.Mixing once a day for 10 minutes is typically sufficient. Do not overmix ArmorGuard® 967BK150 or967WK396. Overmixing can break down the polymer coating viscosity increasing the tendency to sag. Overmixing can also result in styrene loss which could contribute to porosity. Air bubbling should not be used for mixing. It is not effective and only serves as a potential source of water or oil contaminationBecause of the low styrene nature of this product, fluid movement can be slow and sprayability can suffer if sprayed at a cold temperature. It is recommended that the temperature of the material be at least 75°F. In-line fluid heaters can be used to raise the temperature of the material to room temperature. In addition, a larger angle tip is recommended to compensate for a small fan; use a 0.021 inch orifice with a 60° fan. The fluid hose should be at least ½ inch diameter, but a four-foot length of 3/8 inch whip can be used at the gun.Preferred method of application is spray, either conventional or air atomized, air-assisted airless, or airless. Recommended delivery rate is no more than 2.5 pounds per minute with air atomized equipment and no more than 3 pounds per minute with airless equipment. Brushing or rolling is not recommended. Spray 20 to 24 mils wet, behind a cured cosmetic gel coat. CAUTION: Do not spray less than 16 mils wet.967 Series / Copyright 2006-2016 Less than 16 mils wet will not cure properly and can actually cause blisters worse than if there was no barrier coat at all.As with conventional gel coats, spray approximately 6 mils per pass, up to the desired thickness.For optimum results, uniform catalyst mix must be achieved. Even with the equipment properly calibrated, potential problems can occur due to: poorly atomized catalyst; surging problems (gel coat or catalyst); poor tip alignment (catalyst to gel coat mix); contamination; and poor application procedures, which will quickly negate all benefits of calibration. The equipment (and application procedures) must be monitored on a routine basis to ensure suitable application and cure of the barrier gel coat. Ask about and adhere to all equipment manufacturers’ recommendations.CureIt is recommended that gel time be checked in the customer’s plant because age, temperature, humidity and catalyst will produce varied gel times. All data referencing gel or cure refers specifically to Arkema Luperox® DDM-9 catalyst. Other MEKP type catalysts with low hydrogen peroxide levels similar to Luperox® DDM-9 should also be suitable.The recommended catalyst range for proper cure is 1.2% to 2.5%, with 1.8% at 77°F being ideal. Normally, the barrier coat film is ready to lay-up within 60 minutes. Lay-up time is dependent on material temperature, room temperature, humidity, air movement, and catalyst concentration.This product should not be used when temperature conditions are below 65°F, as cure may be adversely affected.CautionDo not add any other material, other than the recommended methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, to this product without the advice of a representative of Polynt Composites.Storage LimitationsUncatalyzed, this product has a shelf life of 90 days from date of manufacture when stored at 73°F or below, in a closed, factory-sealed, opaque container, and out of direct sunlight. The shelf life is cut in half for every 20°F over 73°F. Totes of product can have even shorter shelf life – 66% of that for drums.SDS / Data SheetsSDS and data sheets can be obtained by contacting your Polynt representative or Polynt Customer Service at 800-322-8103.POLYNT SAFETY INFORMATIONAll sales of products manufactured by Polynt Composites USA Inc. and described herein, are made solely on condition that Polynt Composites USA customers comply with applicable health and safety laws, regulations and orders relating to the handling of our products in the workplace. Before using, read the following information, and both the product label and Safety Data Sheet pertaining to each product. Most products contain styrene. Styrene can cause eye, skin and respiratory tract irritation. Avoid contact with eyes, skin and clothing. Impermeable gloves, safety eyewear and protective clothing should be worn during use to avoid skin and eye contact. Wash thoroughly after use.Styrene is a solvent and may be harmful if inhaled. Reports have associated repeated and prolonged occupational overexposure to solvents with permanent brain and nervous system damage. Extended exposure to styrene at concentrations above the recommended exposure limits may cause central nervous system depression causing dizziness, headaches or nausea and, if overexposure is continued indefinitely, loss of consciousness, liver and kidney damage.Do not ingest or breathe vapor, spray mists or dusts caused by applying, sanding, grinding and sawing products. Wear an appropriate NIOSH/MSHA approved and properly fitted respirator during application and use of these products until vapors, mists and dusts are exhausted, unless air monitoring demonstrates vapors, mists and dusts are below applicable exposure limits. Follow respirator manufacturer's directions for respirator use.The 12th Report on Carcinogens issued by the National Toxicology Program lists styrene as a “reasonably anticipated” carcinogen, but the Report cautions that the NTP listing does not mean that styrene presents a risk to persons in their daily lives. The Styrene Information and Research Center does not agree with the classification as it did not include a review of all available data. SIRC states: “HHS included styrene in the 12th RoC despite the fact that European Union regulators have determined styrene does not represent a human cancer concern. E.U. scientists reviewed the full styrene database, weighing all of the available data in reaching their conclusion.”The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) reclassified styrene as Group 2B, "possibly carcinogenic to humans." This revised classification was not based on new health data relating to either humans or animals, but on a change in the IARC classification system. The Styrene Information and Research Center does not agree with the reclassification and published the following statement: Recently published studies tracing 50,000 workers exposed to high occupational levels of styrene over a period of 45 years showed no association between styrene and cancer, no increase in cancer among styrene workers (as opposed to the average among all workers), and no increase in mortality related to styrene.Styrene is classified by OSHA and the Department of Transportation as a flammable liquid. Flammable products should be kept away from heat, sparks, and flame. Lighting and other electrical systems in the workplace should be vapor-proof and protected from breakage. Vapors from styrene may cause flash fire. Styrene vapors are heavier than air and may concentrate in the lower levels of molds and the work area. General clean air dilution or local exhaust ventilation should be provided in volume and pattern to keep vapors well below the lower explosion limit and all air contaminants (vapor, mists and dusts) below the current permissible exposure limits in the mixing, application, curing and repair areas.Some products may contain additional hazardous ingredients. To determine the hazardous ingredients present, their applicable exposure limits and other safety information, read the Safety Data Sheet for each product (identified by product number) before using. If unavailable, these can be obtained, free of charge, from your Polynt Composites representative or from: Polynt Composites USA Inc., 99 East Cottage Avenue, Carpentersville, IL 60110, 800-322-8103.FIRST AID: In case of eye contact, flush immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and get medical attention; for skin, wash thoroughly with soap and water. If affected by inhalation of vapors or spray mist, remove to fresh air. If swallowed, get medical attention. Those products have at least two components that must be mixed before use. Any mixture of components will have hazards of all components. Before opening the packages read all warning labels. Observe all precautions.Keep containers closed when not in use. In case of spillage, absorb with inert material and dispose of in accordance with applicable regulations. Emptied containers may retain hazardous residue. Do not cut, puncture or weld on or near these containers. Follow container label warnings until containers are thoroughly cleaned or destroyed.FOR INDUSTRIAL USE AND PROFESSIONAL APPLICATION ONLY. KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN.LIMITED WARRANTY AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITYLIMITED WARRANTY.Seller warrants that: (i) Buyer shall obtain good title to the product sold hereunder, (ii) at shipment such product shall conform to Seller’s specifications for the product; and (iii) the sale or use of such product will not infringe the claims of any U.S. patent covering the product itself, but Seller does not warrant against infringement which might arise by the use of said product in any combination with other products or arising in the operation of any process. SELLER MAKES NO OTHER WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE, EVEN IF THAT PURPOSE IS KNOWN TO SELLER. ANY ADDITIONAL REPRESENTATIONS OR SUGGESTIONS REGARDING THE PRODUCT OR ITS POSSIBLE USES ARE BASED UPON SELLER’S GOOD FAITH OPINION AND BELIEF, BUT ARE NOT TO BE CONSTRUED AS AFFIRMATIONS OF FACT, PROMISES, OR DESCRIPTIONS, AND SHALL IN NO WAY BE DEEMED PART OF THE SALE OF PRODUCT. In particular, and without limiting the foregoing, because of environmental and use conditions beyond Seller’s control, Seller offers no warranty and makes no promise concerning the results that may be obtained by the Buyer (or the Buyer’s customer) with the product or the performance of the product. Each user should satisfy itself, by adequate testing, of the suitability of the product for its particular application.LIMITATION OF LIABILITY.(a) Seller’s total liability for any claim arising out of or in connection with this contract, including for breach of contract,warranty, statutory duty, or for other tort, including seller’s negligence, shall not exceed the purchase price of such product as to which such liability arises. Seller shall not be liable for any injury, loss or damage, resulting from the handling or use of the product shipped hereunder whether in the manufacturing process or otherwise. IN NO EVENT SHALL SELLER BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES,INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION LOSS OF PROFITS, CAPITAL OR BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY,DOWNTIME COSTS, OR CLAIMS OF CUSTOMERS OR EMPLOYEES OF BUYER, WHETHER IN AN ACTION UNDER CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR ANY OTHER THEORY, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS CONTRACT, OR THE USE, INABILITY TO USE, OR PERFORMANCE OF THE PRODUCT.(b) If Seller furnishes technical or other advice to Buyer, whether or not at Buyer’s request, with respect to processing,further manufacture, other use or resale of the products, Seller shall not be liable for, and Buyer assumes all risk of, such advice and the results thereof.The information provided is believed to be accurate at the time of preparation, or prepared from sources believed to be reliable, but it is the responsibility of user to investigate and understand other pertinent sources of information, to comply with all laws and procedures applicable to the safe handling and use of the product and to determine the suitability of the product for its intended use.。

The Essence of Introducing Guidebooks inEnglishIn the globalized world, the significance of cross-cultural communication cannot be overstated. Among various modes of communication, guidebooks play a pivotal role in bridging the gap between travelers and destinations. Especially when it comes to introducing guidebooks in English, the language's universal acceptance andrecognition render it an indispensable tool forinternational travelers.The essence of introducing guidebooks in English liesin its ability to provide travelers with comprehensive and accurate information about a place. It starts with thebasic introductions of a destination, including its history, culture, attractions, and facilities. By reading the guidebook, travelers can gain a preliminary understandingof the place, which helps them plan their trips better.Moreover, English guidebooks often come with detailed maps and directions, making it easier for travelers to navigate their way around. This is especially crucial in unfamiliar places where language barriers can often pose achallenge. With the help of English guidebooks, travelers can avoid getting lost and ensure a smooth and enjoyable journey.Apart from practical information, English guidebooks also offer insights into the local culture and traditions of a place. They introduce readers to the way of life, customs, and taboos of the locals, allowing them to immerse themselves in the local culture and make more meaningful connections with the people and places they visit.In addition, English guidebooks often feature reviews and ratings from previous travelers, which provide valuable insights into the experiences of others. This helps travelers make informed decisions about where to stay, what to eat, and which attractions are worth visiting.Finally, introducing guidebooks in English also serves as a platform for promoting tourism and cultural exchange. By showcasing the beauty and uniqueness of a destination, English guidebooks encourage more people to visit and experience different cultures, thus fostering mutual understanding and respect among people from different backgrounds.In conclusion, introducing guidebooks in English is not just about providing travel information; it's aboutcreating a bridge between cultures, facilitating understanding, and enhancing travel experiences. As the world becomes increasingly interconnected, the role of English guidebooks in promoting cultural exchange and tourism will become even more significant.**介绍指南手册的英语重要性**在全球化的世界中，跨文化交流的重要性不言而喻。

C2 S2 E T ‘When failure is not an option’PackagingMixingApplicationUsesSubstratesNew ConcreteBrick BlockCement RenderBuilding BoardsExisting TilesHeated SlabsCement SheetFixed to TimberFloors Monolite July 18The information contained in this technical publication is based on our current knowledge and experience and is provided as a guide only. In view of the many factors that may affect application it is the user’s sole responsibility to ensure suitability for a specific .auDescription A premium, water-resistant, flexible, rubber-modified, lightweight, fast-setting, cementitious adhesive for bonding ceramic and stone tiles to porous and non-porous surfaces subject to vibration and thermal movement.Features • C2 high bond strength, exceeds 1MPa • S 2exceptional flexibility deformation, exceeds 5mm • E extended open time • T non-slump • Lightweight technology • A one-pack with two-pack performance i.e. 1.9MPa adhesion >5mm deflection • Will withstand thermal and vibration movement and 1.0mm shrinkage cracks • Exceeds the requirements of AS ISO 13007.1 • Ideal for fixing granite, porcelain & vitrified tiles • For fixing tiles to fibre cement sheet over timber floors • Suitable for shower alcoves • Ideal for new concrete floors subject to shrinkage cracks • Tiling over existing tiles Uses A one-pack, thick or thin bed internal and external floor and wall flexible adhesive for fixing over most substrates e.g. concrete, heated concrete slabs, cement render, fibre cement sheets, plasterboard, existing properly prepared ceramic tiles, vinyl tiles and Construction Chemicals waterproof membranes. Not suitable for immersed or swimming pool application. Do not use directly over timber floors (Construction Chemicals provides other systems).Performance Data Exceeds the performance requirements of AS ISO 13007.1.Tensile adhesion strength 1.9MPa (28 days)Coverage (Approximate) 13.5kg covers 7-8m 2 (10mm notched trowel)Specification The ceramic tile adhesive will be a water-resistant, fast-setting, flexible, rubber-based, polymer-modified cement that conforms to AS ISO 13007.1 and has a minimum tensile adhesion strength of 1.9MPa such as Monolite manufactured by Construction Chemicals and shall be applied in accordance with the manufacturer’s application instructions.Surface Preparation The surface to be tiled must be firm and clean, free from dust, waxes, paint and other contaminants. Steel floated concrete floors must be mechanically roughened, washed thoroughly and allowed to dry prior to tiling. Prime with Primax on external and smooth surfaces and Primebond on internal porous surfaces. A guide to tile joint sizes Internal minimum 2mm, external minimum 4mm or as specified by the tile manufacturer and AS3958.1. Do not fix tiles with tight joints. When grouting joints of less than 3mm we recommend mixing the grout with Primebond . Greater care is needed to place the grout deep into joints before pointing the joints to compact the grout surface. Mixing Mix with clean water using 4-5 litres to 13.5kg. Add the powder to the water while mixing with a slow speed electric drill to obtain a lump-free creamy consistency. Adjust mix to suit users preference. Pot life is approximately 2 hours. Allow to stand 5 minutes and re-stir before use.Application Apply with a notched trowel. For tiles 400mm x 400mm or greater use a 12mm notch and butter tile back (as per the Australian Standard AS3958.1). The final bed thickness must not be less than 2mm for walls and 3mm for floors, to accommodate movement. Spread about 1 metre at a time. Tiles must be set in place while the adhesive is still wet on the surface. Press tiles firmly into the adhesive using a slight sliding motion. Tiles must be firmly bedded into the adhesive so no voids occur beneath the tiles. Do not spot fix. Movement joints (5mm) to be at 5 metre grids, corners and room perimeters are filled with Colour Seal or Sealflex .Set Time Approximately 8-12 hours, depending on temperature, humidity and surface porosity. Allow longer for dense tiles. Grouting Grout after adhesive has initially set, approximately 8-12 hours. Use Kemgrout mixed with Primebond .Safety Precautions Non-toxic, but contains cement which contains silica. Wear gloves, safety goggles and appropriate mask. Further information for this product is contained in the Safety Data Sheet (SDS), Refer; .au Precautions • D o not use on moisture sensitive tiles and stone • Do not apply beneath 10°C or above 30°C • R eady for light foot traffic after 24 hours and can be put into service 3-4 days Clean Up Excess adhesive on the tile face and in the joints can be cleaned up with a damp cloth. Clean application with water while the adhesive is still wet.Shelf Life 1 year if stored in unopened bags off the ground in a cool, dry environment.Adelaide (08) 8243 7888Brisbane (07) 3271 2944 Melbourne (03) 9761 4711Perth (08) 9356 9999Sydney (02) 9756 3533Auckland (09) 273 5444Kuala Lumpur (603) 5122 2522。

IntroductionDryden WoodOil™ coating times and coverage rates may vary due to temperature, timber porosity, moisture content, timber type and previous coats applied.Our recommendation is to apply WoodOil at the following coverage rates:Hardwood decking approx. 12-14 square metres per litre.Dressed face timber approx. 10-12 square metres per litre.Bandsawn timbers approx. 8-10 square metres per litre.Wooden roof shingles approx. 6-8 square metres per litre.FactoryOil Maintenance GuideDryden WoodOil™ is different to stains. Stains utilizeevaporating solvents to penetrate around surfacefibres and enable a fast drying time. This also allowssubsequent coats to key to this surface coating.WoodOil is a penetrating and migrating oil thatprogressively soaks deep into timber, not just on thesurface. As the product does not dry on top of thetimber, coverage rates and well-spaced re-coatingperiods are important.Drying time: WoodOil applied at the correct coveragerate in most situations, will have the gloss gone fromthe face of the timber within 24 hours.Do not apply another coat of WoodOil immediately as there will be an amount of oil waiting to soak into the timber. The wood fibres are full and if loaded too much, they will remain wet. For initial coat and re-application guidelines please refer to sections below.Recommended application rates above refer to normal ambient conditions. For instances where the atmospheric temperature is particularly cold, or for less-porous timbers, coating times and coverage rates may need to be extended. For example if the recommended rate is 10m 2 per litre, apply thisquantity to 12-14m 2 instead.InItIal COats, FaCtOryPre-aPPlIedThe first coat of WoodOil is recommended to be applied using the FactoryOil spray application system. This system provides a factory applied WoodOil coating within a controlled environment to all timber surfaces and gives a protective seal to timber profiles, prior to delivery.After application, any wet appearance must be gone prior to handling & fixing.Timber must be protected from environmental conditions and cut ends must be coated prior to fixing.Once fixed, a second coat of WoodOil should be applied. This should be done between 30 and 90 days following the first coat.re-aPPlICatIOnRe-application of Dryden WoodOil™ should be approximately two years after the second coat to the areas where the surface exhibits signs of losing capability to “bead water”, colour tone is faded or oxidised - principally northern exposed faces. This coating interval may be extended when applying to timber protected in better environments e.g. shaded soffits.Refer to technical data sheet for rain water collection guidelines.The variety of building locality and weather conditions found in New Zealand means that in some cases re-coating may be necessary within two years. Keep in mind that durability of water repellency and colour tone is proportional to the amount of WoodOil in the timber.For ongoing preservation, one coat of WoodOil should be applied up to every 5 years, subject to the timber having appropriate initial coats.WoodOil Slate colourtone should require less maintenance due to the tone being similar to naturally silvered timber when seasoned.We recommend annual soft washing of the surface with clean water to remove surface contaminants (dust, pollen, etc.) This should also be done prior to any re-coats of WoodOil, if in good condition. If for any reason maintenance has not been kept up, a stronger chemical wash may be required prior to re-coating with WoodOil.COlOur tOnInGWoodOil is available in a range of colours to help maintain and complement timber character and colour.If a colour is chosen, for maximum retention, it is recommended that the same colour is used in all applications of WoodOil to the timber.WoodOil colours are approximate only, as the actual raw timber colour, seasoning and application rate will determine the final colour achieved.WoodOil Clear will silver and weather naturally when exposed to UV. This is recommended where a natural, silvered-timber look is desired but also ease of maintenance and water resistance, such as outdoor furniture, pergolas, decking, cedar weatherboards, shingles and shakes.The colourtone of Dryden WoodOil™ Slate gives silvered uniformity under less exposed eaves and doorways. In more exposed applications, WoodOil Clear will transition from the natural timber colour to a silvered finish.Colour retention is better on rough or bandsawn surfaces compared with dressed faces, giving a more natural appearance.PAGE 2 OF 3COMPatIBIlty OF MaterIals WoodOil can affect rubber adhesives and butyl surfaces if not washed/wiped off soon after contact. WoodOil applied to wooden shingles does not usually affect the butyl underlay.Be sure to keep all surrounding surfaces protected and clean during and after application of WoodOil.Clean uPThese also help with over-spray or accidental spillage on unwanted surfaces such as windows. Use a wiping rag on smooth surfaces and a brush on rough surfaces, as soon as possible.PAGE 3 OF 3。

整个注射过程:（四个油缸作用）clamp cylinder nozzle cylinder鳗一（低压模保）一整前（喷嘴进I 行程开关injection start ）— injection cylinder注射（螺杆进一保压一储料（预塑/螺杆转）一（料自料斗进，料满后推动 螺杆退，背压）一防流涎一同时冷却—整后（有时无）一开模一ejector cylinder顶出（产品通过光电开关/电眼自动掉下）一顶退.TECHNICAL TERMSpan-head screw:圆头螺丝 screwdriver:螺丝刀 locknut:紧定螺帽/螺母，紧母/迫母 tie rod nutwasher:调模丝母垫 tie rod nut holder:调模丝母压盖bolt: n.螺钉/螺栓;v,栓住，定位 stud bolt:模具压板螺栓 hold-down bolt:压紧装置/螺栓jack bolt:调节螺栓 eye bolt:吊环螺栓countersink screw:沉头螺钉 fundation bolt:地脚螺栓Mold mounting bolt:模具安装螺栓 fastening bolt:紧固螺钉anchoring hole/ foundation bolt hole:地脚螺栓孔 flight:螺齿 /导程 secondary flight:次螺槽 primary flight:主螺槽 channel:槽，通道 screw land:螺棱 land:台面 flute:槽 trough:槽 chute:滑槽 coolant reservoir:冷却液槽 T-slot: T 型槽screw axis:螺轴 pitch:螺距（沥青），螺牙（螺距=lead ） screw speed:螺杆转速opposed semi-circular grooves:对置式半环形键槽Tangential groove:切向键槽 axial groove:轴向键槽 Remedial groove:修复式键槽 stripping tank:洗提槽Spline:花键 key:键 membrane:薄膜键 steel wadge:钢契口 grinding wheel:砂轮 emery cloth:砂布 main machine:整机 machine frame:机器框架 /机架 barrel base cover:前板盖 screw barrel:机筒 end cap:前机筒flat-head screw:平头螺丝fixing screw:托脚 fullthread:全螺纹 tie rod nut:调模丝母end platen:终端压板 screw barrel base:射台前板screw drive base:射台后板 deflector:偏转器/挡板throttle pin:节流/减压销钉 split pin:开口销 retaining pin:定位 销link pin:连杆销 radial pin:径向销钉 link tie bar:连杆拉杆tie bar:拉杆 push-rod:（阀）推拉杆adjustable rod /scotch bar:机械保险杆 safety lever:（液压）保险撞块 drop bar:机械保险挡板 safety pawl:机械保险挡块/安全制动掣pawl:挡块 location block:定位挡块（block 意为“压块”） Dog:撞（挡）块 snap ring:挡圈（板） press ring:压圈 O-ring: O 型密封圈 rod-packing: Y 型密封圈 cap ring:盖圈wiper:密封圈（刮水器） scraper:防尘圈/铲刀seal holder:防尘（圈）压盖 spring washer:弹簧垫圈gasket:垫圈，密封衬垫 heel block:垫块 cushion :衬垫，软垫 pad:垫板（座） cross head collar:垫片 parallel:垫板/垫片mallet:槌子 adjustable mount:机器调整垫块vibration-proof block 防震垫块（铁）limit switch:行程开关 stopper:限位块plugging switch:反接制动开关key operated switch:钥匙操作开关 switching device:开关器件 access code:通路编码 access:通道，接近通路communications network or link:通信网或数据链saddle strap:鞍形板Guiding bar holder 导杆支座 guide pin / leader pin:导杆 /导柱 front （rear ） plate link:（前）后支架 brace and bracket:支架/托架（支承物） barrel support:机筒支架 rack:（电子）槽/支架bracket: 灯架screw-shell:灯头螺口 stroboscopic effect:频闪效应 cable tray:电缆托架 撑板，托板backing plate /supporting plate: 托板/支架板slab:厚板 plate:金属板 subpanel:配电连接板 mold lifting bracket:吊模架 suspension hook:吊钩 hook:起吊架脚 bracket stay / brace:托架撑脚 rear （main ） link:后连杆 front link:前连杆 sub link:小连杆guide rod support:夹板 support tie rod:夹板紧固杆 cross head guide rod:夹板拉杆 cross head:直角机头limit switch cam:顶出开关杆knockout pin （center ）:顶出杆（主） knockout pin / ejector pin:顶出杆 knockout bar:顶出板assembled weights:平衡块balancer:轻重块 plate:底板/压板 baffle:挡板（作用类似“压盖”）shelf:搁板 lampholder:灯头座 reflector:反光罩 carrier:托架，载体adapter plate:连接板，stationary/ fixed platen:定模板（头板） movable platen:动模板（二板） mold height adj. Platen/ back platen:尾板 shoulder:轴肩 coupling:联轴节/器 flexible coupling:弹性联轴节head cover:前盖 rear cover:后盖 mold cavity:模腔 air ring:气环collar seat / back ring:止逆环 screw collar/ Thrust ring:推力环 split collar:半环 cover ring:套环 adapter ring:嵌入环/接口 套locating ring:定位环/接口套 positioning steel ball:定位钢珠 split mold:组合模 tube connector:管接rotation center:转心 recess: n.孑L,凹槽；v.退回counterbore:扩口内孔（钻孑L/扩孑L ）sink: through hole:通孔 air pocket:气孔 opening:通孔 drain hole:排泄孔 tapping hole:钻孑Lscavenging port:放油孔open clear sp=====an channel:开口式光亮通孔evenly spaced notch:切割均匀的切口 （凹痕） porous: adj.有孔的，能渗透的（porosity:n.孔） air vent:排气孔 vent: v.排出，发泄n.排气孔 ejector transducer:顶出电子尺platen moving transducer:移模电子尺position transducer:位移传感器/电子尺photoelectric sensor / presence-sensing device:光电开关/ 电眼 proximity switch/sensor:接近开关 flip switch:急扳开关gear:（调模）齿轮/介轮 mold height adj. gear:调模大齿圈 core of the bar:钢筋型心 retainer:套板（止退座）risk:危险 hazard:危害/险情guard:防护装置 enclosing guard:封闭体 barrier sheet:隔板casing:箱 safeguard:安全防护装置 safeguarding:安全防护（措施guide yoke:导套 adaptor:接套（连接器） bushing:衬套/套管/钢套 shoe:套架/固定板 loading bush:安装套（吹塑机上） steel liner:钢衬垫（lining:衬垫）toggle bushing with oil:曲肘含油肘衬（衬套）front seal and bushing:前盖钢套 hub / boss:轴套sprue bushing:主流道衬套/浇道衬套/ （模具）注入口钢套mold bushing:模具定位钢套copper bushing / cross head bushing:铜套｝rod cover:机械保险罩 tie rod cover :拉杆护罩sheath/ shell:外罩（外壳，外皮，护套） outer shell:（机筒）外罩 outer tube:（机筒）管状防护罩 reinforcing tubing:加固管purge guard of nozzle/purge cover:清机罩 purging:清洗nozzle cover:注射防护罩 column covering:立柱外罩pulley holder:滑轮套 enclosure:护壳 housing:护罩 enclose:封装 tie-bar location recess:定位孑L缩孔 blind hole:盲孔 knockout:出砂孔 damping port:阻尼孔transducer:传感器 sensor:传感器sleeve:（机筒）套筒 jacket: 护套chase: 模套locks:拉杆闸cylinder tube:（锁模）油缸筒piston rod:油缸杆small-bore traverse cylinder:小口径快速移动油缸｝（是直压式机器上的两种large-bore cylinder:大口径锁模油缸｝油缸）single-acting toggle cylinder:单作用锁模油缸cylinder flange:锁模缸底座cover base:支柱flange:法兰connection tube flange:接管底板trash can:垃圾桶washing machine tub:洗衣机桶seating:坐具bedding:卧具defroster:除霜机energy absorber:减能器armrest:扶手headrest:头垫toilet seat:马桶座圈shower stall:淋浴房bathtub:浴缸faucet:水龙头cock: n.（排气孔的）开关,（水）龙头clutch:离合器bumper fascias:（汽车）保险杠cross head link:推力座main link pin:大锁轴cross head link pin:小锁轴bearing box:轴承箱eject:顶出/脱模emergency stop:紧急制动器brake:制动器reverse current braking:反接制动plug-reverse:反接制动plug-stop:制动停止ejector advance:顶出ejector retract:顶退ejector forward/return:脱模进（顶出）/ 顶退ejector force/ ejector tonnage:顶出力Carriage:射（整）移pull-back cylinder:整移油缸carriage connection base:射移铰座nozzle retract:整移后退screw retract device:螺杆倒索器件（螺杆退）nozzle advance/forward/:整移进nozzle touch molding:整前（动作）nozzle touch force:整前力nozzle return force: 整后力preplasticize/ screw rotate/ charge/pre-suck:预塑（化）plasticize:储料injection unit return/ forward stop:（注射）座台退/进终，即喷嘴退/进注射座台指:从喷嘴开始，包括料筒，螺杆，料斗,射台前板和射台后板的一整套装置. Screw drive assembly / injection housing:注射座injection seat / screw drive assembly / screw driving unit: 注射（预塑）座微压马达熔胶装置/整移结构screw forward end position:螺杆进终止位置（注射到底位置） Injection unit return/forward Device:液压座台进退装置balancing twin-cylinder injection system: 双缸平衡式注射系统=液压平衡注射装置adjusting “air gap” devi调整气隙装置Separable structure for machine seat:机座分体式结构Logic valve hydraulic system:插装式液压系统shift out of position:（模具）移位dislodgement:挪位，移位orientation / be held in place:定位clamp:移模/锁模，夹紧clamp station:锁模位置clamp block valve:锁模块阀（即锁模阀板上的阀） mold clamp （assembly）:模具压板（组件） T-Slot auxiliary platen: T 型槽模具辅助板clamp front interlock:合模前连锁hydraulic crank interlock:液压曲柄连锁daylight :模板间距toggle stroke:开模/移模行程clamping force:合模力air blast in stationary platen:母模吹气air blow:气顶pneumatic open-door booster:气动开门助力器air leaking:放气inert gas:惰性气体bubble:气泡void: n.空隙（空缺）air gap:空气隙air cap:空气帽air duct:空气管convex: adj+n.凸状物，凸面的concave: adj+n.凹状物，凹面的splay:银条（出现在成品表面的气泡）sharp edge:锐棱flash:焊渣burr:毛刺hairline crack:细裂纹block:毛坯weep: v.（液体）渗出stress crack:应力裂纹die height:模具厚度die: n.模具;v.压five-point double-toggle locking mechanism:五支点双肘杆锁模机构split-caliper locking arrangement:对开卡钳式锁模机构pneumatic operation with mechanic clamping:气动机械式锁模的操作结构toggle linkage:曲肘连接/关节装置toggle machine:曲肘式机器straight hydraulic machine:直压式机器low-pressure mold protection device:低压模保装置insufficient filling:制品充模不足inadequately packs mold cavities:充模不足fill: v.注模（充模）high internal stress:过高内应力hold pressure: v.保压back pressure:储料背压medium pressure:中压pneumatic pressure:气压pack pressure: v.填充压力，充气no pressure:不起压pressurize:加压pressure drop:压降（压降低=压力损失小）reload:取资料clamp ultra high speed close:超高速关模差动（功能）open link:开模连动high speed injection:射出快速（差动高速）accumulator:射出增速（此功能实为蓄能器）mold close stop:关模停accumulator pressure switch:蓄能充足感应器accumulator release valve:射出增压阀（放能阀）accumulator charge valve:蓄能阀core （pull ）:中子 double hydraulic core pulling:双抽芯core-out / in 1 stop:中子退/进一终，抽芯/插芯一终single Hydraulic core-out / in Device:单组液压抽插芯装置closed loop control:闭环控制 hydraulic unscrew device:铰牙 collar cooling:环冷却 mold cooling manifold:模具冷却分水块 recovery rate:（螺杆）回复/退回率 plasticizing opacity:塑化能力shot capacity:注射量 injection weight:注射量（射胶量） throughput: n.生产量（注射量/容许能力） inventory:库存量 high molecular weight:高分子量auto cycle pause time:自动循环暂停时间 duty cycle:工作循环 short-time:短期工作pot life:（油漆）存罐期/储放期/适用期 working life:可用时间 shelf life / storage life:适用期production cycle time:生产周期 downtime:停工期lead time:订货至交货期的时间（产品设计至实际投产的时间）residence time:（塑料在机筒内）停留时间good response time:（液压中）响应时间短 curing time:熟化期 injection time set:注射时间 cushion monitor:注射监测over move to the point registed: 移动超程 follow the same step:同步 synchronous:同步的,共振的 induction （motor ）:异步/感应（电动机） molded part:制模成品 end product:最终产品shot count reset function:产品计数归零 reading: n.读数 test pattern molding:试模the trial/ test run:试车 run （to ）:敷入（导线）/运转 initiate:启动，开动运转 start:起动 tap:分接出 reset:复位 reclose:（变压器）重合闸 commission: v.试车（trialoperation ）,试投产，启动，使用 out of commission:不能使用（一般指PC 中断） decommission:中止操作 wrap-round:卷绕状的 illuminated dot:亮点（点状） bar:划条（条 状） spiral:螺旋状 helical valley:螺旋谷 worm:蜗杆 shaft mounting:安装轴（均指齿轮电机的类型） front and trailing edges:前缘和尾缘 leading edge:螺旋边缘compression intensity:抗压强度 tensile yield strength:抗拉屈服强度 shot size:理论容量shot:物料量/注射产量output:生产/输出量（率） mold capability:容模量real-time: 实时 inverse time:反时限torsional strength:扭转强度 度）interference radiation:干扰辐射 interference immunity:抗扰性 high noise-reduction:抗干扰性强parallelism:平行度，对应性，一致性alignment:排成直线，校直，校准（度） centering: n.对中性loading capacity: （土壤）承载力 geometric accuracy:几何精度 angle position change:角位置变化sweep torque:间歇扭矩 bending force:弯曲力（扭矩） magnifying ratio:（锁模力）扩大比率percent fill of raceway:导线槽满率 shear rate:剪切/切变速率 |送） weight /performance ratios:重量性能比positive force:（液压中）正（遮盖）力 stress:应力reference point:基准 sliding friction:滑动摩擦（力） thermal expansion /contraction rate:热膨胀 / 收缩率flash point / fire point / ignition point:燃点ductile: adj.有韧性的（易拉长的何锻的） hypersonic speed:特超音速的速度 speed shift / variable speed:变速 ultrasonic:超声波viscosity index:粘性指数long service life:使用寿命长 durability /endurance:耐用性（耐久性/强 度）lasting durability:经久耐用electromagnetic compatibility:电磁相容性（协调性/适合性/共存性/兼容性/配伍性）extreme porosity:极端透气 conductive:导电的，传导的heat conductance:热传导性 thermal conductivity:导热性（导热系dielectric strength:绝缘强度（介质强 gate width:浇道阔度hot runner:热流道direct gate: 直浇口 jet width:（喷漆）射流宽度fixing surface:安装表面承面deformation property:变形性 straightness:直线性 hot-short:热脆的 repeatability:重复精度 metal-to-metal bearing surface:金属间支 integrity:整体性 concentricity:同轴度 tilting moment:倾覆力矩bending moment:弯矩curvatures:弯曲度（曲pump ratio:输送速率（pump: v.输 positive mold:正压塑模detent point:止动点compation:压缩spherical radius:球面半径 bulk density:容积密度 specific gravity:比重 radii: 半径rigidity:刚性（硬度）specific heat: 比热 toughness:韧性，坚固度 velocity: 速度 slow-down: n.减速 resultant velocity:合速度 viscosity:粘性（度）数）heating capability:热容量（热值）thermal efficiency:热效率conduction:传导 convection:对流 radiation:辐射thermoset :热固性（adj ） thermoplastic:热塑性（adj ）heat-sensitive resin:热敏性树脂 epoxy resin:环氧树脂solid plastic:密实塑料 （high solids :固体含量高）solid color:颜色一 致blown film:吹塑薄膜 melt film:熔融膜 melt pool:熔融液流melt front:熔融前锋 melt penetration:熔融渗透 solid bed:固态（凝固）层 laminar flow:层流 back flow:倒流 turbulent flow:紊流dispersion disc:分流盘 unmelted pellet:未熔（塑料）团粒 crystalline:晶粒（晶体）coloration: n.（塑料）着色 pastel shade:轻淡优美的色彩 homogeneous melt:熔融均化 overdilute:过度稀释（thin:v ）uniformity:均匀性 homogenization:均质化tumbling and messaging action:（塑料）翻滚和挪动（动作）metering section:（螺杆）均化/计量段 conical transition:（螺杆）锥形转 化段involute transition:（螺杆）渐开转化段 nose cone angle:前锥角 helix angle:螺旋角 chamfer:倒角 edge chamfer:边倒角 included angle:夹角 bevel:斜角undercut:陷槽/底切部,根切，截槽，倾角 corner:内角 elongation:对角线（距角） taper:锥度single-stage:单阶式（螺杆） reciprocating:往复式的爆杆） flex flight mixing screw:曲槽混炼螺杆 one-line screw: 一线式螺杆 foam screw:泡沫螺杆 frothing:发泡plasticate:塑炼 plasticize:增塑 plastify:塑化 plasticating screw:塑炼螺杆 barrier screw:屏障型份离型）螺杆interlocked screw tip / “castle” desigi 联锁式螺杆头/ “城堡”式设计（槽形设计）slide ring valve:滑动环形螺杆头（阀）static mixer:静态混合器vent bleeding: n.排气（放气） vent stack:通风管vented conversions:排气转换装置 converting equipment:换能装置 exhaust: n.排气,废气 contaminant:污染物 soil: v.弄污 entrapped volatiles:截留挥发物 devolatilization:冷凝伽）PID programmed barrel heating system: PID 程式料管加热系统 Multiple molding data memorizing system:多组塑料成型参数记忆系统 Rotativeleakage flow:漏流 pressure flow:回流/逆流 back flush:回洗（回流洗涤） distribution:分流atomize /fogging （n ）:雾化 particle:（塑料）粒子deposit:（镇）沉淀块color dispersion:色散scale:旋转编码器encoder:编码器linker:连接器floppy disk:软盘firmware:固件（微程序语言）Subroutine:子程序back up: v,备份Debug: v.（计）调试Prepare:调试prepared:调制好的，处理过的feature: n.功能部件configuration:配置，结构（configure:v.） arrangement: n 配置connectivity:连通性intuitive script language:直观描述正本语言built-in transaction logging:内置式处理记录mirrored remote viewing:镜像远程观测distributed I/O fieldbus:分布式输入/输出总线serial link:串行连接be series connected:串联Interaction:交互作用operator interface（OI）:用户（使用者）界面interface:平台Color pentium OI:彩色用户界面，内置奔腾芯片PC Control runtime engine: PC 控制驱动Active matrix display:激活点阵显示Autotune function:自整定功能electrical cabinet/ host controller/ distribution box:配电箱U.L.panel/ distribution panel / switchboard / switch panel /control panel: 配电盘operator's control station:操作控制站operating station:操作工位control enclosure:控制电柜/护壳compartment:隔间raceway:电缆通道wireway:电线槽wiring channel:行线槽data highway:数据总栈solid state relay（SSR）:固体继电器overload relay:过载继电器voltage relay:电压继电器timer:时间继电器interrelay:内部继电器surge killer:突波吸收器（控制电压用）arcing relay:灭弧继电器surging: n.大量涌出，冒料，电涌，突波Concurrent:联合引发in conjunction with:以联合形式galvanic action:电位差腐蚀作用short circuit:短路open circuit:开路电路power circuit:动力电路parallel circuit:并联电路incoming / outgoing supply circuit:引入/接出电源电路printed circuit board:印刷电路板control circuit of heating band:电热短路short circuit protection:短路保护earth leakage breaker:漏电保护器（开关） electric shock:触电direct contact:直接触电load-sensing circuit:载荷感知式电路capacitor:电容器Amp. Level:电流表ampacity:载流容locked-rotor current:（电机）堵转电流 inrush current:注入电流 steady-state current:稳态电流 overcurrent:过电流interrupting capacity:（电流）切断能力 impedance:阻抗 speed regulator:稳速器 current regulator:稳流器transformer:变压器 voltage stablizer /regulator / manostat: 稳压 器 AC/ DC:交流（直流）电 convertor:变频器 regulator:调节器main power supply:主变压器 thermostat:恒温器 armature:电 枢 tachometer generator:测速发电机 varistor:可变电阻 resistor:电阻 （器） Trimpot:电位器 Trimmer capacitor:微调电容器Elco UF:电容 IC （Integrate Circuit ） / molectron /chip:芯片（集成电 路） contactor （unit ）:触头，触点/开关（电流接触器） quick fuse:快速熔丝 slow-blow fuse:耐燃熔丝fuse holder:熔丝座 receptacle / socket / jack/ socket-outlet: 插座attachment plug and receptacle:插销插座组合附件 fuse breaker:熔丝断路器 fuse link:熔丝接线main circuit breaker:空气开关/断路器 disconnecting switch:断开器（切断开关）central processor unit:中央处理器装置 （CPU ）wiring terminal:接线端子 control voltage terminal:控制电压接线柱（端 子）terminals of Y-starter:星型起动接头 termination:接线端，端接wiring:电热接线，配线，布线 panel wiring:电柜内配线powering:电源接通disc earthing:接地盘 line lug:接线片 conduit:导线管 oversized conductor:导线加粗 strand:绞（合）线flex:折弯，挠曲 kinking:折弯 bend:弯头/折弯fray:磨损 strain:绷紧solid copper conductor:实心铜导线 shielded conductor:屏蔽导线 flexible cord:软线 annealed copper wire:软铜线bus:母线 feeder:馈电线/馈电电路 lead:导线仁conductor ） grounding conductor: 保护接地导线 grounded conductor: 接地导 线grounding pole: 接地极 current-carrying pole: 带电极polarize:极化 transmission cable:传动电缆reel:电缆盘 multiconductor cable:多芯电缆 gauge:电线直径 grounding/earthing:电源接地（方式）knit line:密接线 fuse socket:熔丝盒no-fuse breaker:无熔丝开关 main disconnection:主断路 supply switch:断火开关terminal board:接线板 terminal block:接线座splitter block:分流器 pull box:分线盒terminal box / junction box:接线盒 heater box:电热接线盒 stackedconnector:接线头 signal transfer board:信号输送板 memory card:贮存板 main connection:主接线 jumper wire:控制线（跨连线/连接线/跳线） reflector:反射电 field:（电磁）场 field loss detection:失磁检 测electrode:电极 electrostatic charge:静电电荷 brush discharge:刷型放电 corona discharge:电晕放电worklight:工作照明 lighting:照明 stationary lights:固定照明（装 置）flame: v.引燃analog port:模拟口 analog input:模拟输入simulate: v.模拟，仿 真packages:程序（模块） procedure:步骤（程序/流程）diode DC:二极管直流电 limit diode:限流二极管LED ：发光二极管 Transistor:晶体管HZ:赫兹 HP:功率 volt-Amperes:伏安 foot pound:尺磅 kcmil:圆密耳（导线尺寸单 wire rope/steel cable:钢缆 （in ） 3-phase 4-wire:三相四线 handle for the breaker:带门锁手柄 alarm lamp:报警灯 infrared lamp:红外线灯automotive multicolored taillight:汽车多色尾灯alarm-sound:声报警 alarm-light:光报警panel switch:按钮开关 master switch:总开关 signal lamp:信号灯 command signal:指令信号 discrete signal:离散信号push-button （with lock ）:按钮开关（带锁）changeover switch:变化（转换） 开关rapid traverse changeover switch:快速变动voltage spike:（电压）峰值 peak value:（电压）峰值keyboard connector:键盘连接线motor delta check:电机三角形接法检查 ground machine frame:接地 机架cable hose:电缆软管 3-pole protector:三极保护器extended nozzle:力口长喷嘴 Spring-operated shut off nozzle:弹簧喷嘴 shut nozzle:液压喷嘴（hydraulic-operated shut off valve ）flex conductor:软（弯曲）导线 electronic beam:电子射线 fluid conductor:液体引流器 neutral:中线polarity:极性megohm:兆欧位）BSP:英制（in ） English unit:英制 metric unit:公（米）制 bulb:灯泡 interval:n.间隔flash:闪光片（飞片）shut off option:喷嘴选择shut off nozzle time:射出喷嘴计时nozzle centering alignment device:喷嘴对中微调装置（inching switch:微调开关）inch:缓慢地移动inching:延缓闭模/降速闭模brillant-flat jet tip:（喷漆枪）光亮平喷嘴round jet tip:（喷漆枪）圆喷嘴multi-channel swirl nozzle:（喷漆枪的）多槽旋涡式喷嘴reverse-taper nozzle:反向圆锥喷嘴barrel:料筒screw tip:料嘴头heating band for nozzle:喷嘴电热段数resistance heater band:电阻加热圈mica heater band:云母电热圈ceramic heater band:陶瓷电热圈cast aluminum heater:铸铝电热圈thermocouple:热电偶（flush melt thermocouple:奔涌式熔融热电偶??immersion melt thermocouple:浸没式熔融热电偶|outlet / orifice / discharge end:落料口，出口，放料嘴for easy access:容易触及flared entry:扩口式入口inlet / feed:加料口inlet plate:料口开关fixed feed:固定加料controlled feeding device:可控加料器automatic purge:自动清料nozzle temperature controller:电热恒温嘴insulator / insulation:绝缘体（隔热体）heat expansion:加热膨胀heater zone:电热区spare part:备件option:选择件rigid:硬质negative:负片safety gate:安全门（栅栏）electric-mechanical double safety device:电气机械双保险装置hopper dryer:（加料斗）干燥机auto loader:上料机hopper magnet:磁力架hopper throat:上料口hopper car:漏底车poppet:提动阀芯valve stem:气门杆（阀门芯）（valve） tappet:（阀）推杆cartridge hydaulics:插装液压系统cartridge:插装阀）proportional valve:比例阀limit valve:进水阀directional valve:方向阀press & flow valve:压力流量比例阀gauge valve:（压力）表阀sol.（enoids） relief valve:电磁溢流阀valve of release:排气阀moisture removal valve:排湿阀（水汽吸收器，用在液压系统油箱内）plastic dehumidifying machine:塑料除湿机（用于除去塑料桶内的湿气,与前者不同）angle check valve / non-return valve:单向阀sol.（enoid） pilot valve:电磁换向阀limit pilot valve:行程换向阀pathfinder control:导航式控制器valve driver board:阀输出板Manual pilot valve:手动阀air blast valve:吹气阀water saver valve:冷却水节流阀pump relief valve:油泵安全（溢流）阀screw torque selector valve:螺杆力矩选择阀/背压阀water control valve for oil cooler:油冷却器水控制阀water control valve for feeding throat:（料筒）进料口冷却水控制阀hydraulic motor:液压马达reducer housing:液压马达座electric motor:电机DC motor:直流电机pump motor: 油泵马达hydraulic screw drive motor:预塑马达radial-piston motor:径向柱塞马达fixed-displacement vane pump:定排量叶片泵mud pump:（油田）抽泥泵hydraulic pipe / hose:高压软管relief setting on proportional valve:比例阀溢流设定screw/suck back:射退suck-back pressure:防流涎压力decompression （suck-back）:防流涎no-load:空载（转），无载side load:横载荷（边载）bypass oil filter:旁路滤油oil level:油位计heat exchanger:油冷却器pressure gauge:压力表（面板式）level gauge:液位计potentiometer:电位计moisture level:湿度位temperature gauge / thermometer:温度计surveyor’s level:水准仪indicator:百分表dashboard indicator:（汽车）仪表盘指示针magnetic gauge:磁性表座micrometer:千分尺caliper:游标卡尺/卡钳mike bar:测微棒feeler gage:测隙规digital bore gage:数字式口径量规cylinder gage:量缸表（surface） profilometer:表面光度仪grating ruler:光栅尺measure head:测头scanning head:扫描头probe:测头jaw:（游标卡尺的）卡口square:直角尺/矩尺angle iron:角铁oil gun:牛油枪portable / hand-held spray gun:手提式/ 轻便型喷漆枪robot out:机械手出feeding / discharging robot:力口料/取瓶（卸产品）机械手universal spanner:活络扳头universal plier:活动钳hexagon wrench:内六角扳头（管子钳）mesh:滤眼（网眼）suction filter:滤油器suction:空气滤清器full-time filter:不间断/全天候滤清器push-in filter:嵌入式过滤网electrostatic precipitator:静电滤尘器（除尘器）dust precipitator:集尘器vapor condenser:蒸气冷凝器noncondensing:无冷凝水unscrambler:清理器preform tank:瓶坯箱parison:型坯funnel:漏斗chip conveyor:排屑器interface port:接口fitting:装置叩pliance:用具device:器件tooling:（工序件）刀具fixture:器具apparatus:仪器vault-type hardware:拱形器具assembly / subassembly:组件 （heating ） element:（发热）元件conductive part:导体件 live part:带电体actuator:操作件/执行机构 machine actuator:机械执行机构 extended operator:伸缩操作件 activator:激活器wobble-stick:手摇杆 palm type:掌揿式 mushroom-head type:蘑菇头式 wire-clip type:线夹式rod-operated type:杆式 self-latching type:自锁式manifold: n.复式接头/复合管/多支管/组合件/分水块 adj.多种多样的，多功能的piping, fitting & connetion:管路接头 expansion fitting:膨胀管接头 connector / joint:接头 splice:拼结点/接头fittings:垫片，附件/配件outfit(s): n.配备，全套装备；v.配备，得到装备 interference fit:干涉配合 captive fastener:系留紧固件fixing element:固定件 be snug on ：紧贴….hold closed:紧密固紧 shrink fit:热装 shrink over:趁其热胀时套上steam turbine:汽轮 chain block (=derrick / crane /jack ):起重机chain:挂链 hinge:较链 handle:手柄knob:旋钮 roller:滚轮/滚辊woven wire armor:编织线网铠装 nip rolls:夹辊/牵引辊solenoid coil:电磁铁 coil:线圈 shunt coil magnetic device:电磁器件工作线圈 delayed no-voltage device:延时无电压器件prewired device:预接引出线的器件 axial winding:轴向缠绕winding:绕组 secondary winding:二次绕组line side:进线边load side:负载边derate:减载运行 engage: v.接合/啮合 disconnect / deenergize:切断（电源 primary:（变压器）原线圈，原边，原电压secondary:副/次线圈，副边，副电压undervoltage:欠电压 PELV （protective extra low voltage ）:保安特低电 压residual voltage:残余电压 line voltage:线电压breakdown voltage:击穿电压ripple:波纹电压 nominal voltage:额定/常规电压voltage impulse:电压冲击 （impact / shock:冲击）voltage dip:电压降 voltage level:电平harmonic distortion:谐波畸变 r.m.s.:有效值sequence of states:状态序列 jogging / inching:点动voltage of the negative sequence component:电压负序成分 detector:测压器/检测器collective set:组合体secondary circuit:二级电路 rating:额定值trip:跳闸/脱扣energize:通电，接通electronic beam:电子射线electromagnetic clutch:电磁离合器 factor:系数（因素） coefficient:系数 tolerance:公差 allowance for …：公差differential: n.差动deflect: v.倾斜，转向，弯曲 deflection:偏差，挠度 heating calibration:力口热偏移 formula:公式label:指示标签 nameplate:铭牌 identification tag:识别标 牌 item:功能项 designation:项目代号identification :识别标志 group identification:组合标示graphical symbol:图示符号 legend:图例/图示set up:装配（机器） layout:布局/装配/分布图schematic diagram:示意图 block diagram:框图/立体图interconnection diagram:互连接线图cross-referencing scheme:相互对照图front view:正面图 sectional drawing:剖面图temperature profile:温度剖面（温度分布线图）section:截（剖）面 （cross ） longitudinal section:（横）纵截面 circular cross section:环形截面 sectional point:分段处 overview:整体外观，概观 outline:外形 video out:屏幕图象输出 temperature conditions page:温度状况屏幕页 text:文本graphic:绘图式 LCD:液晶示屏animation:动画 overlay: n.夕卜层 elastic layer:弹性层intersect （with ）:与…相交 intersection:交叉（点）in a circumferential direction:以圆周方向 bolt circle （pattern ）:螺旋圆周（状）in cross direction:横向（断面方向） longitudinal:纵向（水平方向）lengthwise: adj.纵向的 lateral:横向的 horizontal:水平的,卧式 vertical:垂直的（+3） （be ） perpendicular to/ （be ） vertical:垂直于 heat-resistant grease:耐热润滑脂 grease nipple:滑脂嘴 anti-wear/wear resistance hydraulic oil:抗磨液压油corrosion resistance:耐蚀（性） abrasion resistance:磨蚀强度abrasive resistance:耐研磨性（研磨磨损）abrasive blasting:磨蚀喷抛清 理abrasive finishing:打磨修整 blast finishing:喷砂修整adhesive resistance:耐粘合性（粘合磨损）chemical resistance:耐化学 性 resistance to diffusion:防扩散性 hydroscopic: adj.吸湿性的leak-free hydraulic system:防漏液压系统 moisture-proof:防潮的extraction system:（喷漆）排雾系统parameter:参数clearance:间隙（孑L隙） deviation:偏差anti-rusted / rustproof:防锈的 antiseize:防卡塞 dustproof:防尘 的 anti-shock / vibration-proof:防震的 spill-resistance:防溢性splash-proof:防溅的（splatter / spatter / sprinkle : v.激溅）spark:（擦出）火花（〜off:导致…）；n.火花good dead head resistance:流动性好edible oil:食用油 potable water:饮用水remainder cold material:残余冷料 scrap:下脚料/残次废料composite:复合材料 compound:配料sheet:片材/板材/薄片 overlay sheet:贴面材料composite laminate:复合层压制件 laminate: n.层压材料lamination:薄片制作 reinforcement:增强材料 polymer:聚合 物VOC （ volatile organic compound ）:挥发性有机化合物 Fumes of acids:酸性气体 alkali:碱（性的）fresh water:生水molding compounds:成型调和物 compound:混合物virgin / feedstock:原料 backing material:衬料 base material:基料colorant: n.颜料 padding / filler:填料 coating material:涂料 thermal spray coating:热喷涂层 intermediate coat:中间层（漆） textured paint:膨松漆 enamel:釉漆 flux:焊剂 coolant:冷却剂/冷却液 cure:熟化 curing agent:熟化剂 度 thinner:稀释剂 additive:添加剂 extender:补充剂 retarder:阻滞剂燃剂finish:整饰剂/抛光剂 finishing:整饰 good finish:光洁度良好 （semi-gloss:不完全光滑） reinforcing agent:增强剂 cleaning agent / solvent:清洗剂/溶剂 detergent:洗涤剂 clarifier:澄清剂additive:添加剂 pigment:颜料/色素（涂剂） adhesive : n.粘合剂 binder:结合剂electrical tape:绝缘胶布 adhesive strip:胶粘条backing: n.衬垫（unbacked: adj.无衬的） foreign object ：无关的物 品inlay: n+v.镶入（物） insert:插片，插塞/嵌件carbon brush （holder ）:碳刷 stone:油石 textile:织物 paper-backed wood veneer laminate:纸衬胶合薄木片talc:滑石（云母） mica:云母 PMP:电木粉polyolefins:聚烯烃 styrene:苯乙烯 rosin:松香oil seal:骨架式橡胶油封 oil cover:油封盖oil-tight connections:油密封连接 soldered connection:锡焊连接solderless wrap:无锡焊卷绕 wire-wraped connection:金属绕丝连接substrate:底层 galvanizing:电镀（层）primer: 底漆 lubricant:润滑剂 degree of cure: 固化程flame retardant:火焰阻wave soldered:波焊 pretine:预镀锡 linear oven:线性烘箱 vertical furnace:立式熔炉 plasma spray coating technique:等离子喷涂 HIP （hot isostatic pressure ）:热均衡压力 precipitation hardening:弥散（沉淀）硬化 dispersion hardening:弥散硬 化hardsurface: v.硬表面化 point / local / selective hardening:局部淬火 carbon case hardening:渗碳硬化 shell hardening:渗碳（表面淬火） case:渗碳层/淬火层（先渗碳后淬火） heat harden:淬火anneal:退火 negative hardening: n.低温退火bake: v.烘焙 after-bake:后烘 sulphurize: v.硫化carbonize:碳化调质处理：thermal refiningor:调质=先淬火+后高温回火quenching followed by tempering at high temperature（或 quenching prior to tempering at high temperature ） magnetic flux reversal:磁通量转换 centrifugally cast:离心式浇铸 centrifugal casting:离心铸塑（法） centrifugal molding:离心模制 flow molding:流动模制 molding:模塑bath lubrication:浸油润滑plastic injection molding machine:注塑机 plastic extruding machine:挤塑机 （pipe-, profile-, sheet-lines:管状-，异型状-，片状生产线） Reheat Stretch Blow Molding machine:再热式拉伸吹塑机（吹瓶机） aircompressor:空压机 die casting machine:压铸机 machine tools:机床/金属加工机械 metal forming tools:金属成形机 械 tool post:刀架 copy milling machine:仿形铳床grinding machine:磨床 boring machine:镗床clicker press / punching machine:冲床 drilling machine:钻床 planing machine:刨床 shaping machine:牛头刨床horizontal machining center:卧式加工中心 CNC （Computerized Numerical Control ）:电脑数值控制（数控） pelletizer:造粒机 cutting machine:切削机 size reduction equipment:粉碎机 /磨碎机 laminating machinery:层 压机 plastic mashing machine:破碎机 plastic mixing machine:混料机coordinate measuring machine:坐标测量机 In-process gaging machine:加工过程中的测量装置 machine shop:金工车间 钣金件：metal sheet dip soldered:浸焊spray booth:喷漆间spinning oven:旋转炉ion nitride:离子氮化法 （技术）。

Page 1 of 29.1.16 NatureOne Prod. DataNatureOne®PRODUCT DATAA top qu ality 100% acrylic exterior tran sluc ent w ood protec tion formu lation inten ded to establish an d sustain a grain an dtextu re-defin in g n atu ral new woo d appearanc e to exterio r woo d.Color RangePackagingShelf Life & StorageNatu ral 301 Cedar 303 T eak 304 Walnu t 309 Pec an 311US Gallons available in301, 303, 304, 309, 311US 5 Gallon available in301, 303, 304, 309, 311Approximately 5 years in an unopenedcontainer.Keep from freezing.Features and BenefitsTranslucent…………Ensures optimum visibility of the wood grain, enhances and highlights the natural beauty of the wood. Micro-porous……….Allows moisture in the wood to escape.UV protection………Screens the wood from sunlight deterioration through use of UV absorbers and iron oxide pigments.Wa ter repellent……Protects against damage from moisture intrusion.Fungi resistant…….Impedes the growth of wood disfiguring and decaying micro-organisms.Flexible……………….Allows for expansion and contraction of the wood. Dries quickly……....Speeds application process. Easy clean up………Water based.Low odor…………….Applicator friendly.VOC compliant….…Environmentally friendlyPropertiesViscosity: 400-450 CpsDensity: 8.71-8.75 lbs. +/- 0.25 U.S. Gal Solids by Weight: 38.37-38.67% +/- 2% Solid by Volume: 35.22-35.32% +/- 2% Gloss Level: Satin finish (35-40 G.U.) V.O.C. 133 g/L – water freeUV Protection : UV Filter Technology Translucent iron oxide pigments Flow: GoodDurability: Excellent, subject to adequacy of initial application filmthickness (approx. 35 microns when dry), timely recoat maintenance, quality of construction, method of application, etc.SDS Sheets available at NatureOne ® 100% acrylic exterior is used as a one or two-coat system for horizontal surfaces and a two or three-coat system for vertical surfaces. ∙ Sidings - Solid Wood, Composite ∙ Timbers and Logs ∙ Decks and Railings ∙ Trim∙ Entry Doors and Garage Doors ∙ Shakes ∙ Shutters∙ Fencing and Garden Furniture ∙ DocksWhere to UseFor optimum long-term visual appeal of your natural wood, correct wood surface preparation is of great importance.In the case of vertical surfaces, options are; Sanding, TSP-Bleach-Water Power washing or Chemically or Abrasive stripping the wood surface. For method to use see spec sheets for your particular application.For decks and railings, sanding is the only recommended method.Coat vertical surfaces within two weeks of cleaning procedures. Apply second coat within two weeks of the first application. Coat horizontal surfaces within one week of surface preparation.Surface Preparation6.17.19Page 2 of 29.1.16NatureOne Prod. Data24530 Hazelwood Drive P.O. Box 599 Nisswa MN 56468Phone: 218.963.4680 Fax: 218.963.4689 Toll Free: 866.963.4680Application MethodCoverageVaries with wood species and its porosity.Textured/Rough Sawn Wood: 1st Coat – 175 to 200 sq ft per gal.2nd Coat – 250 to 350 sq. ft. per gal. 3rd Coat – 400 to 450 sq ft per gal.Smooth wood: 1st Coat – 200 to 275 sq ft per gal. 2nd Coat – 300 to 375 sq. ft. per gal.3rd Coat– 450 to 500 sq. ft. per gal. Drying TimeMay be re-coated after a minimum of 2 hours. Low temperatures or high humidity may extend dry times.Clean spills and spatters immediately with soap and water.Clean equipment immediately after use with soap and water.Dispose of empty can or unused finish in accordance with state and federal regulations.Clean Up1.Do a color confirmation test. Allow 2-4 hours dry time between coats.Apply the number of coats recommended for your application.2.Check moisture content of the wood. Apply coating when the surface moisture is no more than 18%3.Need to scuff sand with 60-80 grit sandpaper4.Stir material thoroughly before and during use.5.Best results are with a quality nylon polyester brush.Airless sprayer application is acceptable, but must be immediately back brushed. Tip: 5-15 to 5-17 Pressure: 1000 to 1500 PSI6.Generously coat the surface and all exposed end grains. Apply as liberally as possible without runs – do not “stretch out” the product. Apply in the direction of the grain. On textured/rough sawn surfaces, thoroughly cross brush to soak the finish into the surface and finishbrushing in the direction of the grain. If spraying, spray until the coating runs slightly and then immediately back brush.7.Avoid lap marks by starting at one end of a given surface area and while maintaining a wet edge, follow through to the opposite end of the surface area.8.Siding may be pre-coated with two coats of NatureOne 100% acrylic exterior before installation. Back priming is recommended for siding.∙Keep material from freezing ∙Do not thin or add colorants∙Apply product to acceptable wood substrates. See application guides.∙Apply when wood surface moisture is not more than 18%.∙Recoatable after two hours dry time. To avoid dirt contamination and cell loss adhesion, coat vertical surfaces within two weeks of surface preparation, second coat within two weeks of the first coat.∙Coat horizontal surfaces within one week of surface preparation.∙Stir thoroughly before and during application. Do not shake.∙Apply liberal coats.∙Apply in the direction of the grain.∙Maintain a wet edge.∙Saturate all end grains.∙Apply when surface and air temperature are between 50︒F and 85︒F ∙Avoid application when dew or moisture is present.∙Avoid applying finish in the direct sun or when surface is hot to touch.∙Back priming is recommended.∙Wait one year for lumber treated with paraffin or water repellant.∙After one coat application of NatureOne ® 100% acrylic exterior, apply one part urethane type caulking to all seams and joints. Proceed with usual two of three-coat system.∙Power rinsing your building once a year will clean off the dirt and enhance the performance of the coating.∙Apply your first maintenance coat sooner than later – see spec guideFor Best Performance6.17.19。

阅读理解A篇（应用文）考情概览：解读近年命题思路和内容要求，统计真题考查情况。

2024年真题研析：分析命题特点，探寻常考要点，真题分类精讲。

近年真题精选：分类精选近年真题，把握命题趋势。

必备知识速记：归纳串联解题必备知识，总结易错易混点。

名校模拟探源：精选适量名校模拟题，发掘高考命题之源。

【考查要点】高考阅读理解主要从细节理解，推理判断，主旨大意，词义猜测等四方面考查考生的英语阅读理解能力。

在这四项考点中，阅读理解A篇应用文以细节理解的考查最多，是注重获取文章信息的体现，其次是推理判断。

2024年新课标I卷、II卷A篇属于应用文类，主要考查学生定位信息能力和细节理解能力，比较容易拿分。

它们是学生可能参与的真实项目，应用性特别突出。

2024年新课标I卷A篇主题意境为人与社会，文本是一篇应用文，介绍了一个生物栖息地修复工作队的工作内容和招募志愿者的相关信息和要求; 2024年新课标II卷A篇主题意境为人与自然，文本是一篇应用文，主要介绍了The CarlowAutumn WalkingFestival 的四种徒步活动。

2023年新课标I卷A篇属于广告信息类，主题是绿色骑行; 2023年II卷A篇讲述介绍了黄石国家公园提供的几项护林员项目。

【课标链接】依据新课程标准阅读理解部分要求考生读懂选自英语原版书籍、书报和杂志（含网络版）中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及，并能从中获取相关信息。

英语科试卷对接高中英语课程标准要求，阅读理解主要通过语篇情境，在考查阅读能力的同时渗透对文化意识和思维品质的培养。

涉及“人与自我”“人与社会”“人与自然”三大主题语境，符合课程标准提出的通过主题语境考查英语理解能力的要求。

高考阅读理解主要从细节理解，推理判断，主旨大意，词义猜测等四方面考查考生的英语阅读理解能力。

在这四项考点中，阅读理解A篇应用文以细节理解的考查最多，主要考查学生定位信息能力和细节理解能力；注重获取文章信息的体现，其次是推理判断。

624Issued 04/14ULTIMATE OPAQUEKEY BENEFITS• 10 Year Weathershield Protection • Doors, Windows & Other Joinery •Solvent-BasedPRODUCT INFORMATIONTypical UseSuitable for hardwoods and softwoods.Pack Size1L, 2.5L and 5L.Colour RangeSee appropriate Dulux Trade colour literature or visit .Film ThicknessFilm thickness will be dependent upon thecoverage achieved. A nominal figure at 20m 2 per litre will give a wet film thickness of 50 microns.Composition (nominal)Pigment: Organic Pigments, may also contain titanium dioxide.Binder: Flexible alkyd resin and a fungicide, for the purpose of protecting the film.Solvent: Low Odour Aliphatic Hydrocarbons.Volume SolidsOpaque colours: 58% (nominal).SURFACE PREPARATIONTo get the best results, ensure surfaces to betreated are sound, clean and dry. Remove all loose and defective coatings, if necessary stripping back to bare wood. Where the surface has beenpreviously painted, it may be necessary to strip back to bare wood if the coating is in poorcondition. Special precautions should be taken during surface preparation of pre-1960s paintsurfaces over wood and metal as they may contain harmful lead.Remove and treat any mould, algae, lichen or moss with Weathershield Multi-Surface Fungicidal Wash*. Remove defective glazing material, clean the rebates and any loose or open joints. Replace any rotten wood and troublesome knots with new preservative treated timber.Thoroughly rub down all surfaces in the direction of the grain to remove any grey, weathered wood and surface sheen from remaining coatings, and then dust off (refer to COSHH Assessment).Prime all bare wood with 2 coats of Aquatech Preservative Basecoat + (BP) from Dulux Trade ** including any new or bare replacement beading. Excess basecoat should be wiped off surrounding paintwork.Fill any surface defects, open joints, etc. and replace any missing glazing material. Do not use linseed oil putty for glazing (or making good) with natural wood finishes, use external beads set in an appropriate non-setting mastic or a special glazing compound.New joinery is often factory primed using a stain basecoat (also called a dual-purpose primer). These materials quickly erode when left exposed and may need to be re-primed.SYSTEMS INFORMATIONSTIR THOROUGHLY BEFORE USE. Apply 2 coats of Aquatech Preservative Basecoat + (BP) from Dulux Trade ** to all bare wood. The normal finishing process is 2 or 3 coats of Dulux Trade Ultimate Opaque.When using Dulux Trade Ultimate Opaque, treat any knots and resinous areas by removing resin and applying a thin coat of an appropriate knotting solution in order to help prevent discolouration.Do not use on resinous wood or woodwork with a history of blistering. The maximum benefits of this system will only be realised when used as directed above on good quality timber that conforms to BSDulux Trade Ultimate Opaque is a high performance solvent-based exterior coating which produces a water-repellent satin finish. This product combines a highperformance solid colour with all of the benefits of a premium quality woodstain.Unique Ultimate wood protection technology from Dulux Trade means exterior joinery is protected from extreme weather for up to 10 years if used in accordance with instructions, and so looks better for longer.ULTIMATE OPAQUE624EN 942: 2007, in conjunction with good component design.This system is not suitable for use on exteriortimber where there is severe checking and splitting of the wood caused by long-term exposure.For best colour consistency, purchase sufficient tinted paint for each job including touch-in at one time from the same source.APPLICATION METHODBrush only. For Health & Safety reasons relating to all solvent-based paints, spray application is not recommended.As with all solvent-based paints, this product should not be applied in temperatures below 5ºC (as recommended by British Standard BS 6150),Practical CoverageOn smooth surfaces of average porosity, a guide to the practical coverage which can be achieved under normal conditions is up to 20m ² per litre.ThinningThis product should not be thinned.Spray RecommendationsThis product is not suitable for spray application.Drying TimesSingle coat at standard thickness: Touch Dry: 4-6 hours. Recoat: 16 hours.Cleaning UpAfter use, remove as much product as possible from brushes before cleaning with brush cleaner.When this paint container is empty please ask your stockist about recycling. If you have leftover paint, please dispose of it responsibly and considerdonating it to Community RePaint. Find out more at /pp.Transportation & StorageDo not use or store in extremes of temperature and protect from frost. To prevent spillage, please store and transport upright.VOCEU limit value for this product (cat.: A/e): 400g/l (2010). This product contains max. 299g/l VOC. VOC content: High (25-50%).FURTHER SUPPORTIf you need further support, please contact the AkzoNobel Technical Advice Centre on 0333 222 70 70.*Weathershield Multi-Surface Fungicidal Wash contains: Benzalkonium Chloride. **Aquatech Preservative Basecoat + (BP) contains Dichlofulanid.Use biocides safely. Always read the label and product information before use.Always read full Health, Safety & Environmental Information on can before use.Safety datasheet (SDS 624) is available free on request by telephoning the AkzoNobel Technical Advice Centre or by visiting .AkzoNobel, the AkzoNobel logo, the Flourish logo, Dulux Trade, Weathershield, Aquatech, Community RePaint and the Planet Possible logo are trademarks of the AkzoNobel group. © AkzoNobel 2014.。

Color Is KingEveryone knows that color is king on a log home stain job, but pleasing the king can be difficult! Wood porosity differences lead to blotchy, uneven results when staining. UV damage causes the wood to yellow your stain or interior clear coat. That once-perfect color is lost. That’swhy you need Sashco’s Colorfast™. Colorfast™ strengthens the glue that binds the wood cells together, called lignin, preventing yellowing of the underlying wood cells to help you maintain a consistent color year after year. Before staining, Colorfast™ evens out wood porosity, creating a smoother surface for stain application and preventing over-absorption and a too-dark color. After staining, the lignin stabilizers prevent the wood underneath from getting sunburned, leaving the stain or clear coat applied on top looking the same year after year. Colorfast™ provides the ideal canvas for stain application and leaves behind the strong foundation necessary for long-lasting color. It’s color confidence for your log home.Why use Colorfast™?• K eeps the color the color: Lignin (wood cell glue) stabilizers prevent yellowing and darkening of the wood itself overtime, which in turn prevent color shifts in the stain applied over top. Light colors stay light and darker colors don’t shift too dark.• R educes blotchiness: Fills pores for a smoother surface and more even stain application. Great for blasted, rough-sawn, knotty pine, or milled logs.• P revents picture-frame effect on interior wood: Apply on bare wood on the interior of the home and under Sashco’s Symphony® interior clear coat to avoid yellowing around wall décor.• U se under any Sashco stain: Using oil-based Transformation Log & Timber? Water-based Capture®, Cascade®, or Symphony®? No problem.• E asier stain application: Greatly reduces the need to back-brush the stain applied over top.• Great as a log keeper coat: Prevents mold and yellowing due to UV damage on new wood as it moves from the mill to the job site and throughout construction. Contains both mildewcide and algaecide to help preserve the wood until it’s time to stain. Or, life happened and you need to wait for a few weeks between prep and staining? No problem.• S eal those ends: When applied heavily on log ends, prevents over-penetration of stain and log ends that are darker than the rest of the logs.Do It Right The First Time:Visit /log-home to:• D ownload & read Restoring the Dream,Sashco’s complete guide to log home refinishingand maintenance• W atch helpful how-to videos• C hat live with technical expertsO r, call 800-767-5656 Monday – Friday,7 a.m. – 5 p.m. MT to get personalizedadvice from technical experts.Exterior Application InstructionsProper substrate preparation and product application mean greater longevity, a better color, and better long-term performance. Read this full Colorfast™ Info Sheet before applying any product and call us at 800-767-5656 with any project-specific questions.1. Make sure it sticks: If you are changing from one stain product to another, contact us first. Colorfast™ will adhere to almost any surface that is properly prepped. Any product already on the wood, and especially those that contains waxes, non-drying oils, or silicones, will interfere with the adhesion and penetration of Colorfast™ and must be removed before the product is applied.2. Clean the surface: Media blast, power wash, or sand wood surfaces using an Osborn® brush or 60 to 80 grit sandpaper toremove all previous stains and loose, unsound gray or yellow wood fibers, along with mill glaze, pollen, and other surface contaminants. This creates the best surface for Colorfast™ penetration and stain longevity. If mold or algae is present, apply Sashco’s CPR® in the brightener strength according to the directions or apply fresh bleach in a 4 parts water to 1 part bleach solution. Allow it to sit no more than 20 minutes, then thoroughly rinse. If necessary, use a chemical remover. (Follow label instructions carefully and ensure wood is back to neutral pH, checking with pH strips.)3. Remove fuzz: For best appearance, remove felting (wood fuzz) with Osborn® brushes, Sashco’s Buffy Pad system or 60 to 80 grit sandpaper once the wood is dry. Remove all sawdust with a broom, compressed air, or a leaf blower, or rinse with water.4. Apply preservatives: Apply Tim-bor® according to directions for protection against wood rot and wood-ingesting insects BEFORE Colorfast™ is applied. Allow wood to dry 1–3 days, until wood is at or below 19% moisture content level. (Use a moisture meter to check!)5. Timing matters: UV rays from the sun can damage the wood you just worked so hard to prep in as little as 1 week; therefore, Colorfast™ should be applied as soon as possible after wood prep is complete. If cold or rainy weather threaten or delay your staining project, you may apply Colorfast™ and wait up to 8 weeks to apply stain. The mildewcide, algaecide, and lignin stabilizers in Colorfast™ will keep your wood protected during that time. (Score!) Be sure to clean off surface contaminants before staining. If any further sanding prep is needed, remember to reapply Colorfast™ to freshly sanded areas before staining fora consistent finish.6. Air and surface temperatures matter: Plan to apply Colorfast™ when air and surface temps are between 40°– 90°F (4°– 32°C). Use an infrared thermometer to check surface temps. Temps that are too hot dry Colorfast™ too quickly, preventing proper penetration. Temps that are too cold will freeze Colorfast™, preventing both proper penetration and proper curing.7. Don’t get caught out in the rain: While Colorfast™ canbe stained over as soon as it’s dry to the touch (usually in 2 hours or less). Full cure takes longer. A heavy rain could wash off both Colorfast™ and any stains applied over top, requiring extensive prep to remove the mess and reapplication of the product. Avoid rain both on the day of application and for a full 24 hours afterwards. You may also plan to cover surfaces if rain is expected.8. Wood must be dry: Use a moisture meter to make sure wood is at or below 19% moisture content level before applying Colorfast™. Damp wood can prevent Colorfast™ from penetrating properly and also increases the risk of water stains, rot, and peeling stain.9. Mix it up: Thoroughly mix Colorfast™ with a drill-driven, squirrel-cage type mixer. Scrape any settled material off the bottom of the pail and thoroughly mix it in. Stir Colorfast™ every 15–20 minutes throughout application to ensure all ingredients are always mixed in.Application InstructionsWood exposed to UV rays for 550 hours. *On exteriors, stain over Colorfast™ with a Sashco stain for best durability. On interiors, cover Colorfast™ with Sashco’s Symphony® interior clear coat for easy cleaning and a slight sheen.Without Colorfast With Colorfast10. Spray it on: Using a large (515+) spray tip on an airless sprayer, apply on one heavy coat of Colorfast™, covering all the wood and inside cracks and checks. If only a brush is used, be sure to drench-apply Colorfast™ to ensure adequate coverage. Don’t skimp. Colorfast™ goes on milky white, but don’t worry: it dries clear.11. Lightly back-brush: Using a block brush on a pole, lightly brush out Colorfast™ to make sure all the bare wood gets covered, to catch drips, and to coat the insides of every crack and check. Colorfast™ will soak into the wood completely, so don’t worry about foaming. Any areas that remain wet (white) after 10 minutes should be brushed into drier areas.12. Dry time: Allow Colorfast™ to dry until clear before applying the final stain over it. Often, this is within 2 hours, but check cracks and checks where it may take longer.13. Apply stain: Once dry, apply two coats of Sashco’s Capture®, Transformation Log & Timber, or Transformation Siding & Trim. No matter which stain you use, the first coat will go further, will not penetrate as much, will not require vigorous back-brushing, and will be lighter in color than normal. This is OK! It means that Colorfast™ is working as designed.* D o not apply Colorfast™ to fiber cement, concrete, or other cementitious materials.Interior Application Instructions:I nterior prep is not as intense: Surfaces must still be clean and free of contaminants and loose wood fibers, but media blasting and power washing aren’t required except in extraordinary circumstances (like the home was flooded or was in a fire). A general rule of thumb on interior wood is to prep the wood the way you want it to feel when finished. On the interior, smoother wood is best and usually desired.S pray it: Apply Colorfast™ the same way you would on exterior wood. Be aware that Colorfast™ will go further on smooth, less porous interior wood.S tain it: Cover Colorfast™ with 1–2 coats of Sashco’s Symphony®interior clear coat for easier cleaning, to maintain the original bright wood color, and add a beautiful satin or gloss sheen. Colorfast™ is formulated to prevent interior wood from yellowing. Hooray! If a color is desired, apply 1 coat of Sashco’s Capture®, or Transformation Siding & Trim in the color of your choice, followed by 1–2 coats of Symphony®. Download the Symphony®application instructions at /log-home.What’s Really ImportantIt is well known by painters and stainers everywhere that the single most important factor in the longevity of any staining or painting job is the quality of the prep done beforehand. Clean, sound, warm, dry, and textured wood are the five characteristics of a well-prepped surface.Download Restoring the Dream, Sashco’s complete guide to log home refinishing and maintenance for details on these five factors and other keys to a successful and long-lasting (read: let’s not ever do a restoration like this on our home again) job. Find it at /restoration.The second most important factor affecting the longevity of stain is the quantity of stain applied to the wood. Light mist coats will fail quickly, even with the best stains out there. Applying as much Colorfast™ as the wood will accept, while back- brushing and forcing it into the wood, results in dramatically improved performance and longevity of both Colorfast™ and the Sashco stain applied over top. This includes filling any cracks or checks in the wood with stain! The first coat is the only time Colorfast™ can penetrate into the wood. See proper staining in action! Watch the video at http://bit.ly/1BOuB7LGoes on easy.Left to right: 1. After media blasting, before Colorfast™ application 2. Spraying Colorfast™ 3. Back-brushing Colorfast™ 4. After Colorfast™ applicationTechnical Data(Not to be considered specifications)ColorGoes on milky white. Dries clear.Coverage Rate150-300 sq. ft. per gallon, depending on wood porosity and textureRecommended Wet Film Thickness3 milsPackaging1 gallon pails, 5 gallon pails, and 4 oz. sample cansApplication Range40°F (4°C) and rising to 90°F (32°C) and falling. Do not apply when rain or snow is imminent.VOCsLess than 50 g/LCompatibilitySashco’s Colorfast™ is recommended for use under all other Sashco products. It also works well with most other caulking and chinking products. Please contact Sashco for details on specific compatibility questions.Dry TimeDries in 2 hours or less, depending on weather.Freeze-ThawDO NOT FREEZE. Store above 40°F. If frozen, product is not usable.Viscosity Thin like milk, Brookfield, LVF, 300-400 cp, #3 spindle, 6rpm pH8.0-9.0Density 8.5-8.75 lbs/gal Solids 20–21%OdorMildThe data reported here is believed to be reliable. No warranty is made concerning its accuracy or the results obtained from its use.Tip: Work horizontally. Plan to apply Sashco’s Colorfast™ to one wall at a time, starting at the bottom and working completely across 3–4 logs high. Colorfast™ goes on milky white, so it’s easy to see where it has been applied. When the first 3–4 logs are coated, move up the wall to the next 3–4 logs. Continue in a similar pattern to the top of the wall, working around doors and windows as shown in the diagram. Clean any drips that may get on lower logs to avoid overlap marks. Colorfast™ dries very quickly, so staining over top can often happen the same day.MaintenanceWhile Colorfast™ requires no maintenance, the stain you apply over top does! Visit /log-home/maintain-my-log-home for easy DIY log home inspection and maintenance tools that will help you keep your stain (and your sanity!) in tip-top shape.CleanupColorfast™ becomes stickier as it dries! While still wet, clean tools and equipment with either mineral spirits or a citrus-based cleaner. If it has dried, mineral spirits will be required.StorageTightly reseal opened containers and store at room temperature. DO NOT FREEZE.WarrantyFor a detailed description of the warranty and exclusions, please visit /legal-notices .First Aid TreatmentIf swallowed, call a Poison Control Center or doctor immediately. Do not induce vomiting. If in eyes, rinse with water for 15 minutes. If on skin, rinse well with water. If breathed in, move person into fresh air.CAUTION: MAY SPONTANEOUSLY COMBUST. Materials such as rags used with this product may begin to burn by themselves. After use, put rags in water or lay flat to dry, then discard. Putting rags in water or laying flat to dry will prevent these from starting on fire. KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN. Contains: Alkyd oils.Osborn ® and Tim-bor ® are registered trademarks of their respective owners.。