1993年01月英语四级试题(阅读)

59. The word “burnout” (Line 4, Para.5) here refers to the state of ______.A) being seriously burnt in the skinB) being unable to burn for lack of fuelC) being badly damaged by fireD) being unable to function because of excessive use60. The author’s purpose in writing this passage is to ______.A) show that taste preference is highly subjectiveB) argue that taste testing is an important marketing strategyC) emphasize that taste and price are closely related to each otherD) recommend that blind tasting be introduced in the quality control of colasNoPage] Passage ThreeQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage:The concept of “environment” is certainly difficult and may even be misunderstood; but we have no handy substitute. It seems simple enough to distinguish between the organism and the surrounding environment and to separate forces acting on an organism into those that are internal and biological and those that are external and environmental. But in actual practice this system breaks down in many ways, because the organism and the environment are constantly interacting so that the environment is modified by the organism and vice versa （反之亦然）.In the case of man, the difficulties with the environmental concept are even more complicated because we have to deal with man as an animal and with man as a bearer （持有者） of culture. If we look at man as an animal and try to analyze the environmental forces that are acting on the organism, we find that we have to deal with things like climate, soil, plants and such-like factors common to all biological situations; but we also find, always, very important environmental influences that we can only class as “cultural”, which modify the physical and biological factors. But man, as we know him, is always a bearer of culture; and if we study human culture, we find that it, in turn, is modified by the environmental factors ofclimate and geography. We thus easily get into great difficulties from the necessity of viewing culture, at one moment, as a part of the man and, at another moment, as a part of the environment.61. Which of the following words can best describe the popular understanding of “environment” as the author sees it?A) Elaborate.B) Prejudiced.C) Faultless.D) Oversimplified.62. According to the author the concept of “environment” is difficult to explain because _______A) it doesn’t distinguish between the organism and the environmentB) it involves both internal and external forcesC) the organism and the environment influence each otherD) the relationship between the organism and the environment is unclear63. In analyzing the environmental forces acting on man the author suggests that ________.A) biological factors are less important to the organism than cultural factors to manB) man and other animals are modified equally by the environmental forcesC) man is modified by the cultural environment as well as by the natural environmentD) physical and biological factors exert more influence on other organisms than on man64. As for culture, the author points out that ________.A) it develops side by side with environmental factorsB) it is also affected by environmental factorsC) it is generally accepted to be part of the environmentD) it is a product of man’s biological instincts65. In this passage, the author is primarily concerned with _______.A) the interpretation of the term “environment”B) the discussion on organisms and biological environmentC) the comparison between internal and external factors influencing manD) the evaluation of man’s influence on culturePassage FourQuestions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage:The speaker, a teacher from a community college, addressed a sympathetic audience. Heads nodded in agreement when he said, “High school English teachers are not doing their jobs.” He described the inadequacies of his students, all high schoolgraduates who can use language only at a grade 9 level. I was unable to determine from his answers to my questions how thisgrade 9 level had been established.My topic is not standards nor its decline（降低）. What the speaker was really saying is that eh is no longer young; he has been teaching for sixteen years, and is able to think and speak like a mature adult.My point is that the frequent complaint of one generation about the one immediately following it is inevitable. It is also human nature to look for the reasons for our dissatisfaction. Before English became a school subject in the late nineteenth century, it was difficult to find the target of the blame for language deficiencies （缺陷）. But since then, English teachers have been under constant attack.The complainers think they have hit upon an original idea. As their own command of the language improves, they notice that young people do not have this same ability. Unaware that their own ability has developed through the years, they assume the new generation of young people must be hopeless in this respect. To the eyes and ears of sensitive adults the language of the young always seems inadequate.Since this concern about the decline and fall of the English language is not perceived as a generational phenomenon but rather as something new and peculiar to today’s young people, it naturally follows that today’s English teachers cannot be doing their jobs. Otherwise, young people would not commit offenses against the language.66. The speaker the author mentioned in the passage believed that ________.A) the language of the younger generation is usually inferior to that of the older generationB) the students had a poor command of English because they didn’t work hard enoughC) he was an excellent language teacher because he had been teaching English for sixteen yearsD) English teachers should be held responsible for the students’ poor command of English67. In the author’s opinion, the speaker _______.A) gave a correct judgement of the English level of the studentsB) had exaggerated the language problems of the studentsC) was right in saying that English teachers were not doing their jobsD) could think and speak intelligently68. The author’s attitude towards the speaker’s remarks is _______.A) neutralB) positiveC) criticalD) compromising69. It can be concluded from the passage that ______.A) it is justifiable to include English as a school subjectB) the author disagrees with the speaker over the standard of English at Grade 9 levelC) English language teaching is by no means an easy jobD) Language improvement needs time and effort70. In the passage the author argues that ______.A) it is unfair to blame the English teachers for the language deficiencies of the studentsB) young people would not commit offences against the language is the teachers did their jobs properlyC) to eliminate language deficiencies one must have sensitive eyes and earsD) to improve the standard of English requires the effort of several generations[。

1992年1月大学英语四级真题试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversation s. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the question will be spoken only once. After eachquestion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the fourchoices marked A)，B)，C), and D)，and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the centre.Example:You will hear:You will read:A) At the office.B) In the waiting room.C) At the airport.D) In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore, A) “At the office” is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) Give the woman what she wants.B) Help the woman in a moment.C) Tell the woman what he is doing.D) Stop his work immediately.2. A) He wants the woman to call him again.B) He will call the woman in two weeks.C) He wants her to fix the watch within one week.D) He will fix the woman’s watch.3. A) To see the doctor.B) To go to a party.C) To make an appointment.D) To look after her children.4. A) She is eager to know what the present is.B) She is not anxious to know what it is.C) She doesn’t know what she is asked to wait for.D) She really doesn’t care about the present.5. A) The program was on too late.B) His TV set was out of order.C) He doesn’t think much of the President.D) He had a late class.6. A) The teacher postponed the conference.B) There won’t be a test this afternoon.C) The students will be attending the conference.D) The students took a science test this afternoon.7. A) She thinks his lectures are boring.B) She thinks his tests are too long.C) She doesn’t like his choice of test questions.D) She doesn’t think he prepares his lectures well enough.8. A) She thinks he talks too much.B) She thinks he is simple-minded.C) She thinks he is always very frank.D) She thinks he doesn’t like speaking.9. A) On foot.B) By bus.C) By car.D) By bike.10. A) ￡7.B) ￡9.C) ￡11.D) ￡15.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C), and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) They are in a good temper.B) They like music.C) They want to say something.D) They sing for enjoyment.12. A) They make some signs.B) They keep from other birds.C) They keep silent.D) They hide themselves.13. A) It spreads out its tail.B) It dances.C) It uses shells and flowers to make a garden.D) It flies high in the sky.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) They hung meat in the sun.B) They cooked meat with salt.C) They preserved meat with ice.D) They kept meat underground.15. A) He began to use chemicals.B) He preserved food with sugar.C) He kept food in cans.D) He sealed food in jars.16. A) Development of the canning industry.B) Food processing and chemicals.C) Food industry in different countries.D) Preserving food-past and present.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) In the United states.B) At Sutter’s Fort.C) In Sweden.D) In Switzerland.18. A) He left the farm.B) He kept it a secret to himself.C) He told Sutter about it.D) He tried to find more gold.19. A) Because too many people came there for gold.B) Because Sutter was not good at farming.C) Because the army occupied it.D) Because Sutter gave up farming.20. A) It made him a very rich man.B) It brought him great misfortune.C) It had little effect on his life.D) It cause the death of his wife.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A)，B)，C), and D). You should decide on the best choice and markthe corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Time was—and not so many years ago, either—when the average citizen took a pretty dim view of banks and Banking. That this was so, it should be said, was to no small extent the fault of banks and bankers themselves. Banks used to be—and a few still are—forbidding structures. Behind the little barred windows were, more often than not,elderly gentlemen whose expression of friendliness reflected the size of the customer’s account, and nothing less than a few hundred thousand in the bank could have inspired the suggestion of a smile.And yet the average bank for many year was, to the average citizen, a fearful, if necessary, instrument for dealing with business—usually big business. But somewhere in the past quarter century, banks Began to grow human, even pleasant, and started to attract the little man. It is possible that this movement began in medium-sized towns, or in small towns where people know each other by their first names, and spread to big towns. At any rate, the results have been remarkable.The movement to “humanize” hanks, of course, received a big push during the war, when more and more women were employed to do work previously performed by men. Also more and more “little” people found themselves in need of personal loans, as taxes became heavier and as the practice of installment (分期付款) buying broke down the previously long—held concept that there was something almost morally wrong about being in debt. All sorts of people began to discover that the intelligent use of credit (信贷) could be extremely helpful.21. The author believes that the unfriendly atmosphere in banks many years ago waschiefly due to ________.A) the outer appearance of bank buildingsB) unfriendliness of customers toward banksC) economic pressure of the timeD) the attitude of hankers22. The banks of many years ago showed interest only in ________.A) regular visitorsB) rich customersC) friendly businessmenD) elderly gentlemen23. When did banks begin to grow human?A) Sometime before the war.B) A few years ago.C) During the war.D) In the last century.24. What helped to push the “humanization” of banks?A) More and more “little” people became customers of banks.B) The elderly gentlemen in banks were replaced by women.C) More banks were set up in small and medium-sized towns.D) The size of the customer’s account was greatly increased.25. Average People seldom borrowed money from bank in the bank because ________.A) the bank buildings looked forbiddingB) they were comparatively rich before the warC) they thought it was not proper to be in debtD) they rarely spent more than they could earnPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Last summer, Transportation Secretary Elizabeth Dole announced a new rule: Unless states representing two-thirds of the country’s population pass compulsory (强制性的) seat-belt-use laws by April 1989, all new vehicles will have to be fitted with air bags or automatic seat belts.The rule wouldn’t have been necessary but for one simple fact. Even though seat belts could prevent nearly half of the deaths in fatal car accidents, 85 percent of the population simply won’t wear them.Why not? Behavioral engineers have found that there are all sorts of reasons—usually unstated. These are some of the most popular. It’s safer to be thrown from a car man trapped. According to E. Scott Geller, that’s a faulty argument. “In fact”, he says, “being thrown from a car is twenty-five times more dangerous than being trapped”.It won’t happen to me; I’m a good driver. But what about the other person who may be a terrible driver? The data show that the average incidence (发生率) for all accidents in one per driver every 10 years.My car will end up underwater or on fire, and I won’t be able to get out. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), only 0.5 percent of all injury-producing accidents occur under these conditions. “If you’re wearing a belt, you’ve got a better chance of being conscious and not having your legs broken—distinct advantages in getting out of a dangerous situation”.I’m only going a few blocks. Yet 80 percent of accidents happen at speeds or less that 25 miles per hour, 75 percent happen within 25 miles of home.26. Before 1989, in the United States ________.A) the use of seat belts was not compulsory for the majority of the populationB) a new law requiring the use of seat belts had just been passedC) people had to choose between the use of seat belts or the use of air bagsD) almost fifty percent of the people involved in car accidents were saved by seatBelts27. The word “trapped” (Para. 3, Line 3) means to be ________.A) held up in a traffic jamB) confined in the carC) caught in an accidentD) pulled into a car28. One of the reasons why many drivers refuse to wear seat belts is because ________.A) they don’t think that it is comfortable to wear seat beltsB) they don’t believe that an accident involving a terrible driver is highly probableC) they believe that no danger is involved in just driving a few blocksD) they think that few drivers are willing to wear seat belts29. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A) seat belts should be replaced by air bagsB) eighty-five percent of all drivers are likely to Break traffic rulesC) all drivers, whether good or bad, are liable to have an accident at one time oranotherD) wearing seat belts will get drivers out of dangerous situations30. The purpose of the writer in writing this passage is ________.A) to urge the government to pass the law soonerB) to tell how dangerous car-driving can beC) to criticise those who refuse to use seat beltsD) to prove the necessity of the new rulePassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.For well over 2000 years the world’s great religions have taught the virtues of a trusting heart. Now there is another reason to merit the wisdom of the ages: scientific evidence indicates that those with trusting hearts will live longer, healthier lives.As a result of the work published in the 1970s by two pioneering heart specialists, Meyer Friedman and Ray H. Rosenman, nearly every American is aware that blood Type.A people are impatient, and easily moved to hostility and anger. Many have come to believe that Type As are at a much higher risk of suffering heart attack or dying of heart disease than others.The driving force behind hostility is a cynical (愤世嫉俗) mistrust of others. If we expect others to mistreat us, we are seldom disappointed. This generates anger and leads us to respond with hostility.The most characteristic attitude of a cynic is being suspicious of the motives ofpeople he doesn’t know. Imagine you are waiting for an elevator and it stops two floors above for longer than usual. How inconsiderate (不替别人着想的) You think. In a few seconds, you have drawn hostile conclusions about unseen people and their motives.Meanwhile, your cynical mistrust is leading to noticeable physical consequences. Your voice rises. The rate and depth of your breathing increases. Your heart is beating faster and harder, and the muscles of your arms and legs become tigh t. You feel “charged up”, ready for action.If you frequently experience these feelings, you may be at increased risk of developing serious health problems. Anger can add to the risk of heart and other diseases.31. According to the author, people with trusting hearts are ________.A) usually intelligent and wiseB) usually very religiousC) less likely to get heart diseasesD) not likely to be mistreated by others32. The book by Meyer Friedman and Ray H. Rosenman most probably discusses________.A) friendliness and hostilityB) trust and mistrust of peopleC) heart diseases and death rateD) people’s characters and their blood types33. According to the passage, if you have a fixed idea in mind that people will mistreatyou, you will always find it ________.A) to be disappointingB) to be pleasingC) to be wrongD) to be so34. A cynic, in the passage, is a person ________.A) who is always ready to fightB) who usually has doubts about the people around himC) whose behaviour usually leads to serious health problemsD) whose behaviour usually seems strange to the people he knows35. The author’s intention in writing the passage is to ________.A) advise people to be patientB) analyze the danger of heart diseasesC) persuade people to be trustfulD) praise the wisdom of the old peoplePassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.“Time is a problem for kids,” states a news report for a new Swiss watch. Children in some countries “learn time slowly” because “they don’t w ear watches” and “parents don’t really know how to teach them time”. The kids grow up with this handicap and become adults—and then can’t get to work on time. Is there an answer to this problem? of course—it’s the Flik Flak, made by a famous Swiss watch company.The Flik Flak is being marketed as something teaching watch for children aged 4 to 10. The watch itself does not teach kids how to tell time, of course it merely “captures their imagination” by presenting the “hour” hand as a beautiful red girl name d Flak and the “minute” hand as a tall blue boy named Flik. Flik points to corresponding “blue“ minutes on the dial, while Flak points to red hour numbers. The characters and the colors combined with parental help, are supposed to teach young children how to tell time.The watch comes equipped with a standard battery and a nylon band. Peter Lipkin, the United States sales manager for the Flik Flak, calls it Kidproof: if it gets dirty you can throw the whole watch in the washing machine.”The product is being sold in select department stores in Europe, Asia and the United States for a suggested price of $25. Parents who buy the watch may discover that it is one thing for kids to tell time; it’s quite another for them to be on time.36. From the news report we know that ________.A) parents are patient when teaching children timeB) parents have little idea of how to teach children timeC) children tend to learn time quicklyD) children enjoy wearing the Flik Flak watch37. The author doesn’t seem to believe ________.A) children will be on time if they have learnt how to tell timeB) a Flik Flak can help parents teach their children how to tell timeC) the Flik Flak can capture children’s imaginationD) children usually have trouble telling time if they don’t wear watches38. The word “handicap” (Para. 1, Line 4) means ________.A) displeasureB) discouragementC) disappointmentD) disadvantage39. Flik and Flak in the passage stand for ________.A) a tall boy and a beautiful girlB) the minute hand and the hour handC) the Swiss watch companyD) the designers of the watch40. The United States sales manager calls the new watch kidproof because ________.A) it is designed to teach children to be on timeB) it proves to be effective in teaching children timeC) it is made so as not to be easily damaged by childrenD) it is the children’s favourite watchPart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A)，B)，C), and D). Choose the ONE answer that bestcompletes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the centre.41. I can’t understand how you ________ these unpleasant surroundings.A) put outB) put downC) put up withD) put forward42. ________ you decide to take up you should try to make it a success.A) WhateverB) UnlessC) WheneverD) If only43. If Harry did not attend the conference last night, he ________ too much work to do.A) must have hadB) must haveC) had hadD) had to have had44. John often attends public lectures at the University of Oxford, chiefly ________ hisEnglish.A) to improveB) improvingC) to have improvedD) improved45. It was suggested at the meeting that effective measures ________ to solve theproblem.A) were takenB) be takenC) must be takenD) take46. I am ________ of your stupid conversation.A) annoyedB) worriedC) angryD) tired47. They are building the dam in ________ with another firm.A) comparisonB) associationC) touchD) tune48. Most parents encourage their children to take an active part in social events,________ those events do not interfere with their studies.A) lestB) thoughC) unlessD) provided49. Orlando, a city in Florida, ________ for its main attraction, Magic Kingdom.A) which is well knownB) is well knownC) well knownD) being well known50. He is ________ a writer as a reporter.A) moreB) ratherC) not so muchD) not much51. Jim is sorry ________ so impolite to your guest last Saturday.A) to beB) having beenC) beingD) to have been52. I suppose that when I come back in ten years’ time all these old houses ________down.A) will have been pulledB) will have pulledC) will be pullingD) will be pulled53. To be sure, some insects can build complex societies ________ different types ofindividuals performing different tasks.A) taken fromB) made ofC) composed ofD) developed from54. The students will put off the outing until next week, ________ they won’t be sobusy.A) whenB) asC) sinceD) while55. I have not found my book yet; in fact, I am not sure ________ I could have donewith it.A) whetherB) whyC) whatD) when56. If you do not fasten your safety belt, your chances of being ________ will begreater.A) beatenB) hurtC) damagedD) stricken57. “ ________” for many years, the writer suddenly became famous.A) Having ignored himB) To be ignoredC) To have been ignoredD) Having been ignored58. This bird’s large wings ________ it to fly very fast.A) ableB) enableC) unsureD) cause59. The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I ________ to it.A) have not goneB) did not goC) had not goneD) should not have gone60. I don’t swim not, but I ________ when I was a kid.A) used to itB) used to doing itC) used toD) used to do61. I found my daughter sitting in the kitchen, crying ________.A) stronglyB) bitterlyC) heavilyD) deeply62. You are getting too old for football. You’d better ________ tennis instead.A) take inB) take upC) take forD) take over63. When the two young people were married, the ceremony was anything ________ upto data.A) butB) besideC) exceptD) apart from64. He didn’t mention anything about the party, ________ the date.A) either evenB) even norC) even neitherD) not even65. After being rescued from the air crash, the people agreed that they had much to________.A) thankB) be thankedC) be thankfulD) be thankful for66. This new method not only saves time but also saves energy ________ operating ontwo batteries instead to four.A) inB) onC) byD) for67. What ________ to him is whether the job allows him to pursue his studies.A) mattersB) refersC) happensD) applies68. He said that very clearly so that nobody was in any ________ about what wasmeant.A) doubtB) wonderC) questionD) consideration69. It is predicted that heavy rains are ________ to flood the area in a few days.A) frighteningB) threateningC) scatteringD) warning70. In most of the United States, the morning newspaper is ________ by school agechildren.A) directedB) dischargedC) derivedD) deliveredPart IV Close (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A)，B)，C), and D) on the right side of the paper. You shouldchoose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark thecorresponding letter on, the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.When television first began to expand, very few of the people who had become famous as __71__ announcers were able to be equally effective __72__ television. Some of the difficulties they experienced when they were trying to __73__ themselves to the new medium were technical. When __74__ on radio, for example, they had become __75__ to seeing on behalf of the listener. This art of seeing for others __76__ that the announcer has to be very good __77__ talking. Above all, he has to be able to __78__ a continuous sequence (序列) of visual (视觉的) images which add meaning __79__ the round the listener hears. In the __80__ of television, however, the announcer sees __81__ with the viewer. His duty, __82__, is completely different. He is there to make __83__ that the viewer does not __84__ any point of interest, to help him focus __85__ particular things, and to help him __86__ the images on the television screen. __87__ his radio colleague, he must know the __88__ of silence and how to use it at those __89__ when the pictures speak for __90__.71. A) televisionB) advertisementC) radioD) newspaper72. A) ofB) inC) atD) on73. A) adoptB) adjustC) alterD) adapt74. A) workingB) listeningC) appearingD) showing75. A) practisedB) experiencedC) determinedD) used76. A) guaranteesB) meansC) convincesD) warns77. A) atB) withC) inD) of78. A) reflectB) createC) causeD) affect79. A) toB) inC) onD) about80. A) occasionB) matterC) exampleD) case81. A) somethingB) everythingC) nothingD) anything82. A) moreoverB) thereforeC) furthermoreD) nevertheless83. A) clearB) definiteC) sureD) easy84. A) missB) ignoreC) dropD) catch85. A) toB) atC) inD) on86. A) revealB) exposeC) understandD) translate87. A) UnlikeB) BesidesC) LikeD) As88. A) priceB) costC) valueD) worth89. A) minutesB) periodsC) timesD) moments90. A) themB) himC) themselvesD) himselfPart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition in no less than 100 words, on the topic: Is Failure a Bad Thing? Your compositionshould be based on the following outline (give in Chinese)1. 失败是常有的事?2. 人们对失败有各种不同的态度。

服务：面向较高学历人群，提供计算机类，外语类，学历类，资格类，会计类，工程类，医学类等七大类考试的全套考试信息服务及考前培训.1993年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section A1. A) The pear.B) The weather.C) The sea food.D) The2. A) Mary has never studied mathematics.B) Mary must be good at mathematics.C) Mary enjoys learning mathematics.D) Mary probably is poor at mathematics.3. A) George’s brother.B) George’s wife.C) George’s father.D) George’s father-in-law.4. A) She can use his car.B) She can borrow someone else’s car.C) She must get her car fixed.D) She can’t borrow his car.5. A) At 2:35.B) At 2:45.C) At 3:00.D) At 3:15.6. A) To the bank.B) To bookstore.C) To a shoe store.D) To the grocer’s.7. A) Near the station.B) In the country.C) In the city.D) Near her work place.8. A) At a cigarette store.B) At a bus station.C) At a gas station.D) At Aunt Mary’s.9. A) From upstairs.B) From next door.C) From the Nelsons’ house.D) From the back door.10. A) The choice of course.B) A day course.C) An evening course.D) Their work.Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 14 are based on the following passage you have just heard.11. A) They haven’t reached a decision yet.B) They have decided to go hunting bears.C) They want to go hunting camping.D) They want to go exploring the country.12. A) Susie.B) Tom.C) The speaker.D) The speaker’s husband.13. A) They chased the bear away.B) They stayed outside the tent and did nothing.C) They climbed up a tree.D) They put some honey outside for the bear to eat.14. A) He ate the honey.B) He drank the beer.C) He chased the people away.D) He turned things upside down.Passage TwoQuestions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15. A) He missed the appointment.B) He arrived late.C) He was sick.D) He was very busy.16. A) He was busy sightseeing.B) He couldn’t reach Mr. Jordan’s office.C) He didn’t want to see Mr. Jordan any more.D) He didn’t want to take the trouble making it.17. A) The trip didn’t do any good to his health.B) The trip was a complete disappointment.C) The trip was enjoyable but not fruitful in terms of business.D) The trip made it possible for him to meet many interesting people.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) He lost consciousness.B) He was slightly wounded.C) He was seriously injured.D) He was buried under an icebox.19. A) About four days.B) Around eight days.C) A day and a half.D) More than six days.20. A) His father pulled him out in time.B) He left the area before the earthquake.C) He stayed in an icebox.D) Their house escaped the earthquake.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Nursing at Beth Israel Hospital produces the best patient care possible. If we are to solve the nursing shortage (不足), hospital administration and doctors everywhere would do well to follow Beth Israel’s example.At Beth Israel each patient is assigned to a primary nurse who visits at length with the patient and constructs a full-scale health account that covers everything from his medical history to his emotional state. Then she writes a care plan centered on the patient’s illness but which also includes everything else that is necessary.The primary nurse stays with the patient through his hospitalization, keeping track with his progress and seeking further advice from his doctor. If a patient at Beth Israel is not responding to treatment, it is not uncommon for his nurse to propose another approach to his doctor. What the doctor at Beth Israel has in the primary nurse is a true colleague.Nursing at Beth Israel also involves a decentralized (分散的) nursing administration; every floor, every unit is a self-contained organization. There are nurse-managers instead of head nurses; in addition to their medical duties they do all their own hiring and dismissing, employee advising, and they make salary recommendations. Each unit’s nurses decide among themselves who will work what shifts and when.Beth Israel’s nurse-in-chief ranks as an equal with other vice presidents of the hospital. She also is a member of the Medical Executive Committee, which is most hospitals includes only doctors.21. Which of the following best characterizes the main feature of the nursing system atBeth Israel HospitalA) The doctor gets more active professional support from the primary nurse.B) Each patient is taken care of by a primary nurse day and night.C) The primary nurse writes care plans for every patient.D) The primary nurse keeps records of the patient’s health conditions every day.22. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A) compared with other hospitals nurse at Beth Israel Hospital are more patientB) in most hospitals patient care is inadequate from the professional point of viewC) in most hospital nurse get low salariesD) compared with other hospital nurses have to work longer hours at Beth IsraelHospital23. A primary nurse can propose a different approach of treatment when ________.A) the present one is refused by the patientB) the patient complains about the present oneC) the present one proves to be ineffectiveD) the patient is found unwilling to cooperate24. The main difference between a nurse-manager and a head nurse is that the former________.A) is a member of the Medical Executive Committee of the hospitalB) has to arrange the work shifts of the unit’s nursesC) can make decisions concerning the medical treatment of a patientD) has full responsibility in the administration of the unit’s nurses25. The author’s attitude towards the nurse system at Beth Israel Hospital is ________.A) negativeB) criticalC) neutralD) positivePassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies-and other creatures-learn to do things because certain acts lead to “rewards”; and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective reward, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological (生理的) “drives” as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink of some sort of physical comfort, not otherwise.It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to “reward” the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children’s responses in situations where on milk was provided. He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement “switched on”. A display of lights-and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result, for instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many three turns to one side.Papousek’s light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would “smile and bubble” when the display came on. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights which pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.26. According to the author, babies learn to do things which ________.A) are directly related to pleasureB) will meet their physical needsC) will bring them a feeling of successD) will satisfy their curiosity27. Papousek noticed in his studies that a baby ________.A) would make learned responses when it saw the milkB) would carry out learned movements when it had enough to drinkC) would continue the simple movements without being given milkD) would turn its head to right or left when it had enough to drink28. In Papousek’s experiment babies make learned movements of the head in order to________.A) have the lights turned onB) be rewarded with milkC) please their parentsD) be praised29. The babies would “smile and bubble” at the lights because ________.A) the lights were directly related to some basic “drives”B) the sight of the lights was interestingC) they need not turn back to watch the lightsD) they succeeded in “switching on” the lights30. According to Papousek, the pleasure babies get in achieving something is areflection of ________.A) a basic human desire to understand and control the worldB) the satisfaction of certain physiological needsC) their strong desire to solve complexD) a fundamental human urge to display their learned skillsPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or in some way does not live up to the manufacturer’s claim for it, the first step is to present the warranty (保单), or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. In most cases, this action will produce results. However, if it does not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction.A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager. In general, the “higher up” the consumer takes his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer’s favor, assuming he or she has a just claim.Consumers should complain in person whenever possible, but if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in questions. If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general statements. For example, “The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear” is better than “This stereo (立体声音响) does not work.”The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and as firmly as possible. But if a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go a step further. She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumers’ rights.31. When a consumer finds that his purchase has a fault in it, the first thing he shoulddo is to ________.A) complain personally to the managerB) threaten to take the matter to courtC) write a firm letter of complaint to the store or purchaseD) show some written proof of the purchase to the store32. If a consumer wants a quick settlement of his problem, it’s better to complain to________.A) a shop assistantB) the store managerC) the manufacturerD) a public organization33. The most effective complaint can be made by ________.A) showing the faulty item to the manufacturerB) explaining exactly what is wrong with the itemC) saying firmly that the item of poor qualityD) asking politely to change the item34. The phrase “live up” (Para. 1, Line 2) in the context means ________.A) meet the standard ofB) realize the purpose ofC) fulfill the demands ofD) keep the promise of35. The passage tells us ________.A) how to settle a consumer’s complaint about a faulty itemB) how to make an effective complaint about a faulty itemC) how to avoid buying a faulty itemD) how to deal with complaints from customersPassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.If women are mercilessly exploited (剥削) year after year, they have only themselves to blame. Because they tremble at the thought of being seem in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores. Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe (衣柜) packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste. Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. Skirts are lengthened or shortened; neck-lines are lowered or raised, and so on.No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability (耐用). They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasn’t at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or delicately picking her way through deep snow in high-heeled shoes.When comparing men and men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashions of women’sclothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability That is for you to decide.36. Designers and big stores always make money ________.A) by mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industryB) because they are capable of predicting new fashionsC) by constantly changing the fashions in women’s clothingD) because they attach great importance to quality in women’s clothing37. To the writer, the fact that women alter their old-fashioned dresses is seen as________.A) a waste of moneyB) a waste of timeC) an expression of tasteD) an expression of creativity38. The writer would be less critical if fashion designers placed more stress on the________ of clothing.A) costB) appearanceC) comfortD) suitability39. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE ________.A) New fashions in clothing are created for the commercial exploitation of women.B) The constant changes in women’s clothing reflect their strength of character.C) The fashion industry makes an important contribution to society.D) Fashion designs should not be encouraged since they are only welcomed bywomen.40. By saying “the conclusion to be drawn are obvious” (Para. 4, Line 1-2), the writermeans that ________.A) women’s inconstancy in their choice of clothing is often laughed atB) women are better able to put up with discomfortC) men are also exploited greatly by fashion designersD) men are more reasonable in the matter of fashionPart III vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)41. Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy________ for her examination.A) to prepareB) to be preparedC) preparingD) being prepared42. Five minutes earlier, ________ we could have caught the last train.A) andB) butC) orD) an order43. I cannot give you ________ for the type of car you sell because there is no demandfor it in the market.A) an expenseB) a chargeC) a purchaseD) an order44. After ________ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.A) being interviewedB) interviewedC) interviewingD) having interviewed45. By the end of this month, we surely ________ a satisfactory solution to theproblem.A) have foundB) will be findingC) will have foundD) are finding46. Mr. Wilson said that he did not want to ________ any further responsibilities.A) take onB) get onC) put upD) look up47. Having no money but ________ to know, he simply said he would go withoutdinner.A) not to want anyoneB) not wanting anyoneC) wanted no oneD) to want no one48. We desire that the tour leader ________ us immediately of any change in plans.A) informB) informsC) informedD) has informed49. Not ________, the process of choosing names varies widely from culture to culture.A) obviouslyB) surprisinglyC) particularlyD) normally50. A man escaped from the prison last night. It was a long time ________ the guardsdiscovered what had happened.A) beforeB) untilC) sinceD) when51. In the experiment we kept a watchful eye ________ the developments andrecorded every detail.A) inB) atC) forD) on52. There’s little chance that mankind would ________ a nuclear war.A) retainB) endureC) maintainD) survive53. Nuclear science be developed to benefit the people ________ harm them.A) more thanB) other thanC) rather thanD) better than54. They usually have less money at the end of the month than ________ at thebeginning.A) which isB) which wasC) they haveD) it is55. In the course of a day students do far more than just ________ classes.A) attendB) attendedC) to attendD) attending56. The French pianist who had been praised very highly ________ to be a greatdisappointment.A) turned upB) turned inC) turned outD) turned down57. Many difficulties have ________ as a result of the change over to a new type offuel.A) risenB) arisenC) raisedD) arrived58. He made such a ________ contribution to the university that they are naming oneof the new buildings after him.A) genuineB) minimumC) modestD) generous59. Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was to the others, of course,made the others jealous.A) whoB) thatC) whatD) which60. In the advanced course students must take performance tests at monthly________.A) gapsB) intervalsC) lengthD) distance61. Mr. Johnson preferred ________ heavier work to do.A) to be givenB) to be givingC) to have givenD) having given62. I remember ________ to help us if we ever got into trouble.A) once offeringB) him once offeringC) him to offerD) to offer him63. We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are ________.A) out of workB) out of stockC) out of reachD) out of practice64. Our company decided to ________ the contract because a number of theconditions in it had not been met.A) destroyB) resistC) assumeD) cancel65. She is ________ a musician than her brother.A) much ofB) much asC) more ofD) more as66. Having been found guilty, the man was given a severe ________ by the judge.A) serviceB) sentenceC) crimeD) crisis67. ________ is known to the world, Mark Twain is great American writer.A) ThatB) WhichC) AsD) It68. The residents, ________ had been damaged by the flood, were given help by theRed Cross.A) all their homesB) all whose homesC) all of whose homesD) all of their homes69. You can’t afford to let the situation get worse. You must take ________ to put itright.A) decisionsB) directionsC) sidesD) steps70. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ________ your advice.A) followB) had followedC) would followD) have followedPart IV Cloze (15 minutes)Many teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with the student. __71__ a long reading assignment is given, instructors expect students to be familiar with the __72__ in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or take an examination. The __73__ student is considered to be __74__ who is motivated (激励) to learn for the sake of __75__, not the one interested only in getting high grades. Sometimes homework is returned __76__ brief written comments but without a grade. Even if a grade is not given, the student is __77__ for learning the material assigned. When research is__78__, the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with __79__ guidance. It is the __80__ responsibility to find books, magazines, and articles in the library. Professors do not have the time to explain __81__ a university library works; they expect students, __82__ graduate students, to be able to exhaust the reference __83__ in the library. Professors will help students who need it, but __84__ that their students should not be __85__ dependent on them. In the United States professors have many other duties __86__ teaching, such as administrative or research work. __87__, the time that a professor can spend with student outside of class is __88__. If a student has problems with classroom work, the student should either __89__ a professor during office hour __90__ make an appointment.71. A) IfB) AlthoughC) BecauseD) Since72. A) suggestionB) contextC) abstractD) information73. A) poorB) idealC) averageD) disappointed74. A) suchB) oneC) anyD) some75. A) funB) workC) learningD) prize76. A) byB) inC) forD) with77. A) criticizedB) innocentC) responsibleD) dismissed78. A) collectedB) distributedC) assignedD) finished79. A) maximumB) minimumC) possibleD) practical80. A) student’sB) professor’sC) assistant’sD) librarian’s81. A) whenB) hatC) whyD) how82. A) particularlyB) essentiallyC) obviouslyD) rarely83. A) selectionsB) collectionsC) sourcesD) origins84. A) hateB) dislikeC) likeD) prefer85. A) tooB) suchC) muchD) more86. A) butB) exceptC) withD) besides87. A) HoweverB) ThereforeC) FurthermoreD) Nevertheless88. A) plentifulB) limitedC) irregularD) flexible89. A) greetB) annoyC) approachD) attach90. A) orB) andC) toD) butPart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic My Most Favorite Programme.You should write no less than 100words and you should base your composition on the outline (given inChinese) below:1. 我最喜爱的电视(或无线电)节目是…...2. 这类节目的内容和特点3. 我喜欢它的原因You can write the composition in one or more paragraphs. Remember to write it neatly.1993年6月四级参考答案Part IPart IIPart IIIPart IV。

part i listening comprehension (20 minutes) section a1. (a) it was misleading. (b) it was enjoyable.(c) it was rather boring. (d) it was just so so.2. (a) pop music. (b) folk music.(c) classical music. (d) all kinds of music.3. (a) he will fly directly to his destination. (b) he has to change at albany.(c) he is still not sure how to get there. (d) he must change at jacksonville.4. (a) it's late. (b) it's crowed.(c) it's empty. (d) it's on time.5. (a) unusual. (b) enthusiastic.(c) serious. (d) threatening.6. (a) her name is on the top of the list. (b) she will be the last to be interviewed.(c) she is expecting a job interview. (d) she must fix a date for the job.7. (a) the husband is not usually so observant. (b) the wife is annoyed at her husband's complaint.(c) the husband hasn't told the truth. (d) the wife is going to the hairdresser's.8. (a) the student miss their professor very much. (b) the professor didn't give the lesson.(c) a new course will begin next monday. (d) some homework was assigned to the students.9. (a) she accepted their request. (b) she rejected their request.(c) she agreed to consider their request. (d) she asked them to come with the other.10. (a) at work. (b) back at home.(c) at the meeting. (d) away from home.section bpassage onequestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. (a) cheap clothes. (b) expensive clothes.(c) fashionable clothes. (d) informal clothes.12. (a) they enjoy loud music. (b) they seldom lose their temper.(c) they want to have children. (d) they enjoy modern dances.13. (a) her twin sister often brings friends home and this annoys the speaker.(b) they can't agree on the color of the room.(c) they can't agree on the kind of furniture.(d) the speaker likes to keep things neat while her twin sister doesn't.passage twoquestions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. (a) in the first semester. (b) in the second semester.(c) in the third semester. (d) in the fourth semester.15. (a) she is ill. (b) she is too old.(c) her husband wants her to. (d) her husband is ill.16. (a) his father. (b) his mother.(c) his girl friend. (d) his teacher.17. (a) he has decided to continue his studies. (b) he has still to make a decision.(c) he has decided to give up his job. (d) he has still to take a part time job.passage threequestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. (a) twenty years. (b) a couple of weeks.(c) a couple of years. (d) five years.19. (a) david had been selling cars. (b) david had taught business.(c) david had become a salesman. (d) david had made a lot of money.20. (a) rich people are not happy. (b) being rich is the best thing in the world.(c) being rich is not always a good thing. (d) rich people are usually with their families.part ii reading comprehension (35 minutes)questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:protests at the use of animals in research have taken a new and fearful character in britain with the attempted murder of two british scientists by the terrorist technique of the pre-planted car-bomb.the research community will rightly be alarmed at these developments, which have two objectives: to arouse public attention and to frighten people working in research with animals. the first need is that everything should be done to identify those responsible for the crimes and to put them on trail. the defence research society has taken the practical step of offering a reward of 10,000 pounds for information leading to those responsible, but past experience is not encouraging. people are unlikely to be tempted by such offers. the professional police will similarly be confronted by the usual problem of finding a needle in a haystack.that is why the intellectual (知识分子) community in britainand elsewhere must act more vigorously in its own defence. there are several steps that can be taken, of which the chief one is to demand of all the organizations that exist with the declared objectives of safeguarding the interests of animals that they should declare clearly where they stand on violence towards people. and it will not be enough for the chairmen and chairwomen of these organizations to utter placatory (安抚的) statements on behalf of all their members. these people should also undertake that it will be a test of continuing membership in their organizations that members and would be members should declare that they will take no part in acts of violence against human beings. even such undertakings would not be fully effective: people, after all, can lie. but at least they would distinguish the organizations entitled to a continuing voice in the dialogue with the research community about the rights of animals in research from the organizations that deserve no say.[page]21. the words "these developments" (para. 2, line 1) most probably refer to ______.(a) the acts of violence against scientists(b) the use of animals in research(c) the techniques of planting bombs in cars(d) the establishment of new animal protection organization22. which of the following is true according to the passage?(a) the police abandoned their efforts to find the criminals.(b) the terrorists escaped with the help of their organizations.(c) the attempted murder caused grave anxiety among british scientists.(d) people sympathized murder caused grave anxiety among british scientists.23. the author's purpose in writing his article is to demand that animal-protecting organizations _____.(a) declare their objectives clearly(b) give up the use of violence(c) continue the dialogue with the scientific community(d) help to find those responsible for the attempted murder24. in the author's opinion _____.(a) since people can lie, the problem about their rights of scientists can't be solved.(b) animal-protecting organizations about be held responsible for acts of violence against scientists(c) animal protection organizations should be declared illegal(d) the scientists should take effective measures to protect themselves25. what does the word "they" (para. 3, line 3) refer to?(a) the animal-protecting organizations.(b) the organizations that will talk with the research community.(c) those who support the use of animals in research.(d) those who support the animal-protection organizations.questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:the earlier type of suburb, which was most dependent on the railroad, had a special advantage that could be fully appreciated only after it had disappeared. these suburbs, spread out along a railroad line, were discontinuous and properly spaced; and without the aid of legislation (法规) they were limited in population as well as area; for the biggest rarely held as many as ten thousand people, and under five thousand was more usual. in 1950, for example, bronxville, new york, a typical upper-class suburb, had 6,778 people, while riverside, illinois, founded asearly as 1869, had only9, 153.the size and scale of the suburb, that of neighborhood unit, was not entirely the result of its open planning, which favored low densities. being served by a railroad line, with station stops from three to five miles apart, there was a natural limit to the spread of any particular community. house had to be sited "within easy walking distance of the railroad station," as some old residents would point out; and only those wealthy enough to afford a horse and a carriage dared to penetrate farther into the open country.through its spaced station stops, the railroad suburb was at first kept from spreading or excessively increasing in numbers, for a natural greenbelt, often still under cultivation as park, gardens, remained between the suburbs and increased the available recreation area. occasionally, in a few happy areas like westchester, between 1915 and 1935 a parkway, like the bronx river parkway, accompanied by continuous strip of park for pedestrian (散步的人) use, not yet overrun by a constant stream of urban traffic, added to the perfection of the whole suburban pattern. whatever one might say of the social disadvantages this was in many ways a perfect physical environment. but it lasted less than a generation.26. what was the special advantage of the old type of suburb?(a) its nearness to the railroad.(b) the vastness of its open space.(c) its small size in area and population.(d) the high social status of its residents.27. the size of the old suburb was limited because _____.(a) people wanted to live near a railroad station(b) it was originally planned by railroad companies(c) there was a law governing the size of the suburb(d) local inhabitants didn't like to out in the country28. "happy areas" (para 3, line 3) were areas where _____.(a) life was enjoyed by everyone(b) more roads were built to bypass the heavy traffic[page](c) a greenbelt was available solely for recreation(d) people could have lots of fun29. it is evident that the writer _____.(a) finds urban life uncomfortable(b) prefers life in the countryside(c) feels disappointed in the changes of suburbs(d) advocates the idea of returning to nature30. the topic discussed in the passage is "_____".(a) the size and scale of suburban neighborhood units(b) the advantage of old-type suburbs(c) the location of railroad stations(d) the concept of the suburban patternquestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:recent stories in the newspapers and magazines suggest that teaching and research contradict each other, that research plays too prominent a part in academic promotions, and that teaching is badly underemphasized. there is an element of truth in these statements, but they also ignore deeper and more important relationships.research experience is an essential element of hiring and promotion at a research university because it is the emphasis on research that distinguishes such a university from an arts college. some professors, however, neglect teaching for research and that presents a problem.most research universities reward outstanding teaching, but the greatest recognition is usually given for achievements in research. part of the reason is the difficulty of judging teaching.a highly responsible and tough professor is usually appreciated by top students who want to be challenged, but disliked by those whose records are less impressive. the mild professor gets overall ratings that are usually high, but there is a sense of disappointment in the part of the best students, exactly those for whom the system should present the greatest challenges. thus, a university trying to promote professors primarily on the teaching qualities would have to confront this confusion.as modern science moves faster, two forces are exerted on professor: one is the time needed to keep on with the profession; the other is the time needed to teach. the training of new scientists requires outstanding teaching at the research university as well as the arts college. although scientists are usually "made" in the elementary schools, scientists can be "lost" by poor teaching at the college and graduate school levels. the solution is not to separate teaching and research, but to recognize that the combination is difficult but vital. the title of professor should be given only to those who profess, and it is perhaps time for universities to reserve it for those willing to be an earnest part of the community of scholars. professor unwilling to teach can be called "distinguished research investigators" or something else.the pace of modern science makes it increasingly difficult to be a great researcher and a great teacher. yet many are described in just those terms. those who say we can separate teaching and research simply do not understand the system but those who say the problem will disappear are not fulfilling their responsibilities.31. what idea does the author want to convey in the firstparagraph?(a) it is wrong to overestimate the importance of teaching.(b) teaching and research are contradictory to each other.(c) research can never be emphasized too much.(d) the relationship between teaching and research should not be simplified.32. in academic promotions research universities still attach more importance to research partly because _____.(a) research improves the quality of teaching(b) students who want to be challenged appreciate research professors(c) it is difficult to evaluate teaching quality objectively(d) professor with achievements in research are usually responsible and tough33. according to the fourth paragraph, which of the following will the author probably agree with?(a) distinguished professors at research universities should concentrate on research only.(b) the separation of teaching from research can lower the quality of future scientists.(c) it is of utmost importance to improve teaching in elementary schools in order to train new scientists.[page](d) the rapid developments of modern science make it impossible to combine teaching with research.34. the title of professor should be given only to those who, first and foremost, do _____.(a) teaching (b) field work (c) scientific research (d) investigation35. the phrase "the problem" (para. 5, line 3) refers to _____.(a) raising the status of teaching(b) the combination of teaching with research(c) the separations of teaching from research(d) improving the status of researchquestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:i have had just about enough of being treated like a second-class citizen, simply because i happened to be that put upon member of society-a customer. the more i go into shops and hotels, banks and post offices, railway stations, airports and the like, the more i'm convinced that things are being run solely to suit the firm, the system, or the union. there seems to be a new motto (座右铭) for the so-called 'service' organization-staff before service. how often, for example, have you queued for what seems like hours at the post office or the supermarket because there aren't enough staff on duty at all the service counters? surely in these days of high unemployment it must be possible to increase counter staff. yet supermarkets, hinting darkly at higher prices, claim that bringing all their cash registers into operation at any time would increase expenses. and the post office says we cannot expect all their service counters to be occupied 'at times when demand is low'.it's the same with hotels. because waiters and kitchen staff must finish when it suits them, dining rooms close earlier or menu choice is diminished. as for us guests ( and how the meaning of that word has been cut away little by little), we just have to put up with it. there's also the nonsense of so many friendly hotel night porters having been gradually with drawn from service in the interests of 'efficiency' (i.e.profits) and replaced by coin-eating machines which supply everything from beer to medicine, not to mention the creeping threat of the tea-making set in your room: a kettle with teabags, milk bags sugar.who wants to wake up to a raw teabag? i don't, especially when i am paying for 'service'.our only hope is to hammer our irritation whenever and wherever we can and, if all else fails, restore that other, older saying-take our custom (买卖)elsewhere.36. the author feels that nowadays customers are _____.(a) not worthy of special treatment(b) not provided with proper service(c) considered to be inferior members of society(d) regarded as privileged37. in the author's opinion, the quality of service is changing because _____.(a) the staff are less considerate than employers(b) customers are becoming more demanding(c) customers unwilling to pay extra money(d) more consideration is given to the staff than customers38. according to the author, long queues at counters are caused by _____.(a) the diminishing supply of good staff(b) lack of cooperation among staff(c) inefficient staff(d) deliberate understaffing39. the disappearance of old-style hotel porters can be attributed to the fact that ____.(a) self-service provides a cheaper alternative(b) the personal touch is less appreciated nowadays(c) machines are more reliable than human beings(d) few people are willing to do this type of work40. the author's final solution to the problem discussed in the passage is ____.(a) to put up with whatever service is provided(b) to make strong complaints wherever necessary(c) to fully utilize all kinds of coin-eating machines(d) to go where good service is availablepart iii vocabulary and structure (20 minutes)41. when mobammed, a friend of mine from the middle east, first went to the united kingdom to attend the university, ____ with women in the same class.(a) he's never before studied (b) he couldn't before study(c) he would never before study (d) he hasn't before studied42. america will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it _____ before the west was settled.[page](a) has (b) did (c) was (d) would43. the cars were _____ because it was impossible to go any further in the fog.(a) sacrificed (b) transported (c) abandoned (d) removed44. the new designs of the christmas stamps are always waited for with keen ____.(a) irritation (b) prediction (c) reception (d) anticipation45. buck helm, a retired salesman, survived ____ alive for 90 hours in his car.(a) being buried (b) having buried (c) burying (d) to be buried46. we have had to raise our prices because of the increase in the cost of ____ materials.(a) primitive (b) rough (c) original (d) raw47. indeed, almost every scientist now finds it impossible to read all the works relevant to his own subject, ____ extensively outside of it.(a) much more to read (b) much less reading (c) much less to read (d) still more reading48. it is up to the government to tackle the air pollution problem and ____measures in line with the council's suggestions.(a) set about (b) work out (c) fill up (d) bring over49. all that day my father was in ____ as he had lost his wallet.(a) great anxiety (b) ambition (c) ill humour (d) hospitality50. we preferred to postpone the meeting ____ it without the presence of our president.(a) rather than hold (b) than to hold (c) rather than held (d) to holding51. many people, if not most, _____literary taste as an elegant accomplishment, by acquiring which they will complete themselves, and make themselves finally fit as members of a correct society.(a) look on (b) look down (c) look in (d) look into52. what a good listener is able to do is to process what he hears on the basis of the context _____.(a) it occurring in (b) occurred in it (c) occurring in it (d) it occurs in53. the car accident was _____ to the driver's violation of the traffic regulations.(a) assigned (b) contributed (c) attributed (d) transferred54. she is a very _____ student. she's always talking about travelling to outer space.(a) imaginary (b) imaginative (c) imaginable (d) imagining55. his lectures on roman history would do credit _____ a real expert.(a) in (b) to (c) of (d) with56. my grandpa gave me a watch, which is made of gold, _____ i keep to this day.(a) and thus (b) and (c) so (d) and which57. i have devoted four weekends to writing papers and nowi feel i ______ a rest.(a) deserve (b) preserve (c) conceive (d) receive58. i found myself _____ to the spot where the experiment was being performed whenever i had some time to spare.(a) draws (b) drawing (c) drawn (d) drew59. the construction of a 5-million-ton iron and steel works is now under _____.(a) conclusion (b) contribution (c) continuation (d) consideration60. mary found it difficult to ____ jim's father when he disapproved of their marriage.(a) stand for (b) stand out (c) stand by (d) stand up to61. president banda's background as a doctor has given him ____into the medical problem that face the country.(a) a view (b) a vision (c) an insight (d) a sight62. i wish _____ to stockholm when i was in sweden. i hear it'sa beautiful city.(a) i went (b) i had gone (c) i have gone (d) having gone63. he _____ his job in order to engage in full-time writing.(a) upheld (b) resigned from (c) undertook (d) took over64. the west is traditionally the land of the pioneers and the cowboys, where ____ could be easily made in cattle or land.(a) fortunes (b) property (c) opportunities (d) treasure65. i didn't sent out my application form last week, but i ____.(a) had to (b) should have (c) would do (d) might have to66. vostok is close to the coldest spot in the world, where an _____ minus 128.6 f was recorded in 1983.(a) unreliable (b) extra (c) incredible (d) impossible67. it is human nature to think back to a golden age _____one's country was strong and respected.(a) when (b) provided (c) as (d) unless68. i don't mind a bit if you bring your friends in for a drink, but it is rather too much when sixteen people arrive _____ for dinner.(a) unusually (b) excessively (c) consequently (d) unexpectedly69. faced with all the difficulties, the girl ____ her mother for comfort.[page](a) turned over (b) turned from (c) turned to (d) turned up70. david is the _____ holder of the world 5,000-meter world record, but there is no guarantee that he will win in the olympic games.(a) current (b) predominant (c) prevailing (d) decisivepart iv error correction (15 minutes)example:television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods. many of the 1. timearguments having used for the study of literature as a school subject are valid 2. ____for study of television. 3. thewhen you board a plane, a machine may soon be scanning morethan your bages-it may be studying yourface. a computer comes onto the market recently which 71._______promises to be able to recognize faces at a glance from a video 72. _______camera.the system, known as pres, has many possible use in 73._______different fields but the most prominent is like to be monitoring 74. _______crowds at airports for known terrorists. such a task is farfrom the capabilities of a conventional image processor, whichis too quick to be of practical use. moreover, it is too easily 75. ________confused: if image of a face in its memory is only a frontal 76. _________view. for example, they might not recognize that same face 77. _________when presenting with a side view of the face. 78. _________pares relies in the new technology of neural (神经的) 79. ________networks. like the brain, it has many interconnected memory "cells", which work simultaneously rather than in sequence andthus greatly speed up the computation. and like the brain, theneural network can be trained to concentrate on essentials while ignoring of inessential matters-it can "learn" what's 80. _______important and what isn't. but the training is boring: anoperator must patiently correct the computer's mistakes.part v writing (30 minutes)directions: for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the title: motorcycles and city traffic.you should base your composition on the following outline (given in chinese):1. 近年来中国城市中的摩托车2. 摩托车的优点和缺点3. 你对我国城市中摩托车发展前景的看法you must write your composition in no less than 120 words on composition sheet and remember to write it in readable handwriting.。

1992年1月英语四级真题及答案Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversation s. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each questionthere will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choicesmarked A)，B)，C), and D)，and decide which is the best answer. Then markthe corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line throughthe centre.Example:You will hear:You will read:A) At the office.B) In the waiting room.C) At the airport.D) In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore, A) “At the office” is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) Give the woman what she wants.B) Help the woman in a moment.C) Tell the woman what he is doing.D) Stop his work immediately.2. A) He wants the woman to call him again.B) He will call the woman in two weeks.C) He wants her to fix the watch within one week.D) He will fix the woman’s watch.3. A) To see the doctor.B) To go to a party.C) To make an appointment.D) To look after her children.4. A) She is eager to know what the present is.B) She is not anxious to know what it is.C) She doesn’t know what she is asked to wait for.D) She really doesn’t care about the present.5. A) The program was on too late.B) His TV set was out of order.C) He doesn’t think much of the President.D) He had a late class.6. A) The teacher postponed the conference.B) There won’t be a test this afternoon.C) The students will be attending the conference.D) The students took a science test this afternoon.7. A) She thinks his lectures are boring.B) She thinks his tests are too long.C) She doesn’t like his choice of test questions.D) She doesn’t think he prepares his lectures well enough.8. A) She thinks he talks too much.B) She thinks he is simple-minded.C) She thinks he is always very frank.D) She thinks he doesn’t like speaking.9. A) On foot.B) By bus.C) By car.D) By bike.10. A) ￡7.B) ￡9.C) ￡11.D) ￡15.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answerfrom the four choices marked A)，B)，C), and D). Then mark the correspondingletter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) They are in a good temper.B) They like music.C) They want to say something.D) They sing for enjoyment.12. A) They make some signs.B) They keep from other birds.C) They keep silent.D) They hide themselves.13. A) It spreads out its tail.B) It dances.C) It uses shells and flowers to make a garden.D) It flies high in the sky.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) They hung meat in the sun.B) They cooked meat with salt.C) They preserved meat with ice.D) They kept meat underground.15. A) He began to use chemicals.B) He preserved food with sugar.C) He kept food in cans.D) He sealed food in jars.16. A) Development of the canning industry.B) Food processing and chemicals.C) Food industry in different countries.D) Preserving food-past and present.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) In the United states.B) At Sutter’s Fort.C) In Sweden.D) In Switzerland.18. A) He left the farm.B) He kept it a secret to himself.C) He told Sutter about it.D) He tried to find more gold.19. A) Because too many people came there for gold.B) Because Sutter was not good at farming.C) Because the army occupied it.D) Because Sutter gave up farming.20. A) It made him a very rich man.B) It brought him great misfortune.C) It had little effect on his life.D) It cause the death of his wife.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A)，B)，C), and D). You should decide on the best choice and markthe corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line throughthe centre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Time was—and not so many years ago, either—when the average citizen took a pretty dim view of banks and Banking. That this was so, it should be said, was to no small extent the fault of banks and bankers themselves. Banks used to be—and a few still are—forbidding structures. Behind the little barred windows were, more often than not, elderly gentlemen whose expression of friendliness reflected the size of thecustomer’s account, and nothing less than a few hundred thousand in the bank could have inspired the suggestion of a smile.And yet the average bank for many year was, to the average citizen, a fearful, if necessary, instrument for dealing with business—usually big business. But somewhere in the past quarter century, banks Began to grow human, even pleasant, and started to attract the little man. It is possible that this movement began in medium-sized towns, or in small towns where people know each other by their first names, and spread to big towns. At any rate, the results have been remarkable.The movement to “humanize” hanks, of course, rece ived a big push during the war, when more and more women were employed to do work previously performed by men. Also more and more “little” people found themselves in need of personal loans, as taxes became heavier and as the practice of installment (分期付款) buying broke down the previously long—held concept that there was something almost morally wrong about being in debt. All sorts of people began to discover that the intelligent use of credit (信贷) could be extremely helpful.21. The author believes that the unfriendly atmosphere in banks many years ago waschiefly due to ________.A) the outer appearance of bank buildingsB) unfriendliness of customers toward banksC) economic pressure of the timeD) the attitude of hankers22. The banks of many years ago showed interest only in ________.A) regular visitorsB) rich customersC) friendly businessmenD) elderly gentlemen23. When did banks begin to grow human?A) Sometime before the war.B) A few years ago.C) During the war.D) In the last century.24. What helped to push the “humanization” of banks?A) More and more “little” people became customers of banks.B) The elderly gentlemen in banks were replaced by women.C) More banks were set up in small and medium-sized towns.D) The size of the customer’s account was greatly increased.25. Average People seldom borrowed money from bank in the bank because ________.A) the bank buildings looked forbiddingB) they were comparatively rich before the warC) they thought it was not proper to be in debtD) they rarely spent more than they could earnPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Last summer, Transportation Secretary Elizabeth Dole announced a new rule: Unless states representing two-thirds of the country’s population pass compulsory (强制性的) seat-belt-use laws by April 1989, all new vehicles will have to be fitted with air bags or automatic seat belts.The rule wouldn’t have been necessary but for one simple fact. Even though seat belts could prevent nearly half of the deaths in fatal car accidents, 85 percent of the population simply won’t wear them.Why not? Behavioral engineers have found that there are all sorts of reasons—usually unstated. These are some of the most popular. It’s safer to be thrown from a car man trapped. According to E. Scott Geller, that’s a faulty argument. “In fact”, he says, “being thrown from a car is twenty-five times more dangerous than being trapped”.It won’t happen to me; I’m a good driver. But what about the other person who may be a terrible driver? The data show that the average incidence (发生率) for all accidents in one per driver every 10 years.My car will end up underwater or on fire, and I won’t be able to get out. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), only 0.5 percent of all injury-producing accidents occur under these conditions. “If you’re wearing a belt, you’ve got a better chance of being conscious and not having your legs broken—distinct advantages in getting out of a dangerous situation”.I’m only going a few blocks. Yet 80 percent of accidents ha ppen at speeds or less that 25 miles per hour, 75 percent happen within 25 miles of home.26. Before 1989, in the United States ________.A) the use of seat belts was not compulsory for the majority of the populationB) a new law requiring the use of seat belts had just been passedC) people had to choose between the use of seat belts or the use of air bagsD) almost fifty percent of the people involved in car accidents were saved by seatBelts27. The word “trapped” (Para. 3, Line 3) means to be ________.A) held up in a traffic jamB) confined in the carC) caught in an accidentD) pulled into a car28. One of the reasons why many drivers refuse to wear seat belts is because ________.A) they don’t think that it is comfortable to wear seat beltsB) t hey don’t believe that an accident involving a terrible driver is highlyprobableC) they believe that no danger is involved in just driving a few blocksD) they think that few drivers are willing to wear seat belts29. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A) seat belts should be replaced by air bagsB) eighty-five percent of all drivers are likely to Break traffic rulesC) all drivers, whether good or bad, are liable to have an accident at one timeor anotherD) wearing seat belts will get drivers out of dangerous situations30. The purpose of the writer in writing this passage is ________.A) to urge the government to pass the law soonerB) to tell how dangerous car-driving can beC) to criticise those who refuse to use seat beltsD) to prove the necessity of the new rulePassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.For well over 2000 years the world’s great religions have taught the virtues of a trusting heart. Now there is another reason to merit the wisdom of the ages: scientific evidence indicates that those with trusting hearts will live longer, healthier lives.As a result of the work published in the 1970s by two pioneering heart specialists, Meyer Friedman and Ray H. Rosenman, nearly every American is aware that blood Type.A people are impatient, and easily moved to hostility and anger. Many have come to believe that Type As are at a much higher risk of suffering heart attack or dying of heart disease than others.The driving force behind hostility is a cynical (愤世嫉俗) mistrust of others. If we expect others to mistreat us, we are seldom disappointed. This generates anger and leads us to respond with hostility.The most characteristic attitude of a cynic is being suspicious of the motives of people he doesn’t know. Imagine you are waiting for an elevator and it stops two floorsabove for longer than usual. How inconsiderate (不替别人着想的) You think. In a few seconds, you have drawn hostile conclusions about unseen people and their motives.Meanwhile, your cynical mistrust is leading to noticeable physical consequences. Your voice rises. The rate and depth of your breathing increases. Your heart is beating faster and harder, and the muscles of your arms and legs become tight. You feel “charged up”, ready for action.If you frequently experience these feelings, you may be at increased risk of developing serious health problems. Anger can add to the risk of heart and other diseases.31. According to the author, people with trusting hearts are ________.A) usually intelligent and wiseB) usually very religiousC) less likely to get heart diseasesD) not likely to be mistreated by others32. The book by Meyer Friedman and Ray H. Rosenman most probably discusses ________.A) friendliness and hostilityB) trust and mistrust of peopleC) heart diseases and death rateD) people’s characters and their blood types33. According to the passage, if you have a fixed idea in mind that people will mistreatyou, you will always find it ________.A) to be disappointingB) to be pleasingC) to be wrongD) to be so34. A cynic, in the passage, is a person ________.A) who is always ready to fightB) who usually has doubts about the people around himC) whose behaviour usually leads to serious health problemsD) whose behaviour usually seems strange to the people he knows35. The author’s intention in writing the passage is to ________.A) advise people to be patientB) analyze the danger of heart diseasesC) persuade people to be trustfulD) praise the wisdom of the old peoplePassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.“Time is a problem for kids,” states a news report for a new Swiss watch. Children in some countries “learn time slowly” because “they don’t wear watches” and “parents don’t really know how to teach them time”. The kids grow up with this handicap and become adults—and then can’t get to work on time. Is there an answer to this problem? of course—it’s the Flik Flak, made by a famous Swiss watch company.The Flik Flak is being marketed as something teaching watch for children aged 4 to 10. The watch itself does not teach kids how to tell time, of course it merely “captures their imagination” by presenting the “hour” hand as a beautiful red girl named Flak and the “minute” hand as a tall blue boy n amed Flik. Flik points to corresponding “blue“ minutes on the dial, while Flak points to red hour numbers. The characters and the colors combined with parental help, are supposed to teach young children how to tell time.The watch comes equipped with a standard battery and a nylon band. Peter Lipkin, the United States sales manager for the Flik Flak, calls it Kidproof: if it gets dirty you can throw the whole watch in the washing machine.” The product is being sold in select department stores in Europe, Asia and the United States for a suggested price of $25. Parents who buy the watch may discover that it is one thing for kids to tell time; it’s quite another for them to be on time.36. From the news report we know that ________.A) parents are patient when teaching children timeB) parents have little idea of how to teach children timeC) children tend to learn time quicklyD) children enjoy wearing the Flik Flak watch37. The author doesn’t seem to believe ________.A) children will be on time if they have learnt how to tell timeB) a Flik Flak can help parents teach their children how to tell timeC) the Flik Flak can capture children’s imaginationD) children usually have trouble telling time if they don’t wear watches38. The word “handicap” (Para. 1, Line 4) means ________.A) displeasureB) discouragementC) disappointmentD) disadvantage39. Flik and Flak in the passage stand for ________.A) a tall boy and a beautiful girlB) the minute hand and the hour handC) the Swiss watch companyD) the designers of the watch40. The United States sales manager calls the new watch kidproof because ________.A) it is designed to teach children to be on timeB) it proves to be effective in teaching children timeC) it is made so as not to be easily damaged by childrenD) it is the children’s favourite watchPart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A)，B)，C), and D). Choose the ONE answer that bestcompletes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the centre.41. I can’t understand how you ________ these unpleasant surroundings.A) put outB) put downC) put up withD) put forward42. ________ you decide to take up you should try to make it a success.A) WhateverB) UnlessC) WheneverD) If only43. If Harry did not attend the conference last night, he ________ too much work todo.A) must have hadB) must haveC) had hadD) had to have had44. John often attends public lectures at the University of Oxford, chiefly ________his English.A) to improveB) improvingC) to have improvedD) improved45. It was suggested at the meeting that effective measures ________ to solve theproblem.A) were takenB) be takenC) must be takenD) take46. I am ________ of your stupid conversation.A) annoyedB) worriedC) angryD) tired47. They are building the dam in ________ with another firm.A) comparisonB) associationC) touchD) tune48. Most parents encourage their children to take an active part in social events,________ those events do not interfere with their studies.A) lestB) thoughC) unlessD) provided49. Orlando, a city in Florida, ________ for its main attraction, Magic Kingdom.A) which is well knownB) is well knownC) well knownD) being well known50. He is ________ a writer as a reporter.A) moreB) ratherC) not so muchD) not much51. Jim is sorry ________ so impolite to your guest last Saturday.A) to beB) having beenC) beingD) to have been52. I suppose that when I come back in ten years’ time all these old houses ________down.A) will have been pulledB) will have pulledC) will be pullingD) will be pulled53. To be sure, some insects can build complex societies ________ different types ofindividuals performing different tasks.A) taken fromB) made ofC) composed ofD) developed from54. The students will put off the outing until next week, ________ they won’t be sobusy.A) whenB) asC) sinceD) while55. I have not found my book yet; in fact, I am not sure ________ I could have donewith it.A) whetherB) whyC) whatD) when56. If you do not fasten your safety belt, your chances of being ________ will begreater.A) beatenB) hurtC) damagedD) stricken57. “ ________” for many years, the writer suddenly became famous.A) Having ignored himB) To be ignoredC) To have been ignoredD) Having been ignored58. This bird’s large wings ________ it to fly very fast.A) ableB) enableC) unsureD) cause59. The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I ________ to it.A) have not goneB) did not goC) had not goneD) should not have gone60. I don’t swim not, but I ________ when I was a kid.A) used to itB) used to doing itC) used toD) used to do61. I found my daughter sitting in the kitchen, crying ________.A) stronglyB) bitterlyC) heavilyD) deeply62. You are getting too old for football. You’d better ________ tennis instead.B) take upC) take forD) take over63. When the two young people were married, the ceremony was anything ________ up todata.A) butB) besideC) exceptD) apart from64. He didn’t mention anything about the party, ________ the date.A) either evenB) even norC) even neitherD) not even65. After being rescued from the air crash, the people agreed that they had much to________.A) thankB) be thankedC) be thankfulD) be thankful for66. This new method not only saves time but also saves energy ________ operating ontwo batteries instead to four.A) inB) onC) byD) for67. What ________ to him is whether the job allows him to pursue his studies.A) mattersB) refersC) happensD) applies68. He said that very clearly so that nobody was in any ________ about what was meant.B) wonderC) questionD) consideration69. It is predicted that heavy rains are ________ to flood the area in a few days.A) frighteningB) threateningC) scatteringD) warning70. In most of the United States, the morning newspaper is ________ by school agechildren.A) directedB) dischargedC) derivedD) deliveredPart IV Close (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A)，B)，C), and D) on the right side of the paper. You shouldchoose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the correspondingletter on, the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.When television first began to expand, very few of the people who had become famous as __71__ announcers were able to be equally effective __72__ television. Some of the difficulties they experienced when they were trying to __73__ themselves to the new medium were technical. When __74__ on radio, for example, they had become __75__ to seeing on behalf of the listener. This art of seeing for others __76__ that the announcer has to be very good __77__ talking. Above all, he has to be able to __78__ a continuous sequence (序列) of visual (视觉的) images which add meaning __79__ the round the listener hears. In the __80__ of television, however, the announcer sees __81__ with the viewer. His duty, __82__, is completely different. He is there to make __83__ that the viewer does not __84__ any point of interest, to help him focus __85__ particular things, and to help him __86__ the images on the television screen. __87__ his radio colleague, he must know the __88__ of silence and how to use it at those __89__ when the pictures speak for __90__.71. A) televisionB) advertisementC) radioD) newspaper72. A) ofB) inC) atD) on73. A) adoptB) adjustC) alterD) adapt74. A) workingB) listeningC) appearingD) showing75. A) practisedB) experiencedC) determinedD) used76. A) guaranteesB) meansC) convincesD) warns77. A) atB) withC) inD) of78. A) reflectB) createC) causeD) affect79. A) toB) inC) onD) about80. A) occasionB) matterC) exampleD) case81. A) somethingB) everythingC) nothingD) anything82. A) moreoverB) thereforeC) furthermoreD) nevertheless83. A) clearB) definiteC) sureD) easy84. A) missB) ignoreC) dropD) catch85. A) toB) atC) inD) on86. A) revealB) exposeC) understandD) translate87. A) UnlikeB) BesidesC) LikeD) As88. A) priceB) costC) valueD) worth89. A) minutesB) periodsC) timesD) moments90. A) themB) himC) themselvesD) himselfPart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition in no less than 100 words, on the topic: Is Failure a Bad Thing?Your composition shouldbe based on the following outline (give in Chinese)1. 失败是常有的事?2. 人们对失败有各种不同的态度。

英语四级阅读题库含答案解析1.Passage OneGlobal warming may or may not be the great environmental crisis of the 21st century, but regardless of whether it is or isn’t –we won’t do much about it. We will argue over it and may even, as a nation, make some fairly solemn-sounding commitments to avoidit. But the more dramatic and meaningful these commitments seem, the less likely theyare to be observed.Al Gore calls global warming an “inconvenient truth,”as if merely recognizing it could put us on a path to a solution. But the real truth is that we don’t know enough to relieve global warming, and –without major technological breakthroughs—we can’t do much about it.From 2003 to 2050, the world’s population is projected to grow from 6.4 billion to 9.1 billion, a 42% increase. If energy use per person and technology remain the same, totalenergy use and greenhouse gas emissions (mainly, CO2) will be 42% higher in 2050. butthat’s too low, because societies that grow richer use more energy. We need economicgrowth unless we condemn the world’s poor to their present poverty and freeze everyone else‘s living standards. With modest growth, energy use and greenhouse emissions more than double by 2050.No government will adopt rigid restrictions on economic growth and personal freedom (limits on electricity usage, driving and travel) that might cut back global warming. Still, politicians want to show they’re “doing something.”Consider the Kyoto Protocol (京都议定书). It allowed countries that joined to punish those that didn’t. But it hasn’t reduced CO2 emissions (up about 25% since 1990), and many signatories (签字国) didn’t adopt tough enough policies to hit their 2008-2012 targets.The practical conclusion is that if global warming is a potential disaster, the only solution is new technology. Only an aggressive research and development program might find ways of breaking dependence on fossil fuels or dealing with it.The trouble with the global warming debate is that it has become a moral problem whenit’s really an engineering one. The inconvenient truth is that if we don’t solve the engineering problem, we’re helpless.57. What is said about global warming in the first paragraph?A) It may not prove an environmental crisis at all. B) It is an issue requiring world wide commitments.C) Serious steps have been taken to avoid or stop it. D) Very little will be done to bring it under control.58. According to the author’s understanding, what is Al Gore’s view on global warming?A) It is a reality both people and politicians are unaware of.B) It is a phenomenon that causes us many inconveniences.C) It is a problem that can be solved once it is recognized.D) It is an area we actually have little knowledge about.59. Green house emissions will more than double by 2050 because of _______.A) economic growthB) the widening gap between the rich and poor C) wasteful use of energyD) the rapid advances of science and technology60. The author believes that, since the signing of the Kyoto Protocol, ________.A) politicians have started to do something to better the situationB) few nations have adopted real tough measures to limit energy useC) reductions in energy consumption have greatly cut back global warmingD) international cooperation has contributed to solving environmental problems61. What is the message the author intends to convey?A) Global warming is more of a moral issue than a practical one.B) The ultimate solution to global warming lies in new technologyC) The debate over global warming will lead to technological breakthroughs.D) People have to give up certain material comforts to stop global warming.Passage TwoSomeday a stranger will read your e-mail without your permission or scan the Websites you’ve visited. Or perhaps someone will casually glance through your creditcard purchase or cell phone bills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits.In fact, it’s likely some of these things have already happened to you. Who wouldwatch you without your permission? It might be a spouse, a girlfriend, a marketing company, a boss, a cop or a criminal. Whoever it is, they will see you in a way you neverintended to be seen —the 21st century equivalent of being caught naked.Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, that it’s important to reveal yourself to friends, family and lovers in stages, at appropriate times. But few boundaries remain. Thedigital bread crumbs(碎屑) you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are, where you are and what you like. In some cases, a simpleGoogle search can reveal what you think. Like it or not, increasingly we live in a worldwhere you simple cannot keep a secret.The key question is: Does that matter?When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy, most say they are concerned aboutlosing it. A survey found an overwhelming pessimism about privacy, with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is “slipping away, and that bothers me.”But people say one thing and do another. Only a tiny fraction of Americans changeany behaviors in an effort to preserve their privacy. Few people turn down a discount attollbooths(收费站) to avoid using the EZ-Pass system that can track automobile movements. And few turn down supermarket loyalty cards. Privacy economist Alessandro Acquisti has run a series of tests that reveal people will surrender personalinformation like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-offcoupon (优惠券).But privacy does matter –at least sometimes. It’s like health: When you have it, you don’t notice it. Only when it’s gone do you wish you’d done more to protect it.62. What does the author mean by saying “the 21st century equivalent of being caught naked ”(Lines 3-4, Para.2)?A) People’s personal information is easily accessed without their knowledge.B) In the 21st century people try every means to look into others’secrets.C) People tend to be more frank with each other in the information age.D) Criminals are easily caught on the spot with advanced technology.63. What would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends?A) Friends should open their hearts to each other.B) Friends should always be faithful to each other. C) There should be a distance even between friends.D) There should be fewer disputes between friends.64. Why does the author say “we live in a world where you simple cannot keep a secret”(Line 5, Para.3)?A) Modern society has finally evolved into an open society.B) People leave traces around when using modern technology.C) There are always people who are curious about others’affairs.D) Many search engines profit by revealing people’s identities.65. What do most Americans do with regard to privacy protection?A) They change behaviors that might disclose their identity.B) They use various loyalty cards for business transactions.C) They rely more and more on electronic devices. D) They talk a lot but hardly do anything about it.66. According to the passage, privacy is like health in that ________.A) people will make every effort to keep itB) its importance is rarely understoodC) it is something that can easily be lostD) people don’t cherish it until they lose it2.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.If you are a male and you are readingthis ,congratulations: you are a survivor .According to statistics .you are more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer than a woman ,and nine times more likely to die of AIDS. Assuming youmake it to the end of your natural term, about 78 years for men in Australia, you will die on average five years before a woman.There are many reasons for this-typically, men take more risks than woman and are more likely to drink and smoke but perhaps more importantly, men don’t go to the doctor.“Men aren’t seeing doctors as oftenas they should, ”says Dr. Gullotta, “This is particularly so for the over-40s,when diseases tend to strike.”Gullotta says a healthy man should visit the doctor every year or two. For those over 45,it should be at least once a year.Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old ma who had delayed doing anything about his smoker’s cough for a year.“When I finally saw him it had alreadyspread and he has since died from lung cancer”he says, “Earlier detection and treatment may not have cured him, but itwould have prolonged this life”According to a recent survey, 95%of women aged between 15 and early 40s see a doctor once a year, compared to 70% of men in the same age group.“A lot of men think they are invincible（不可战胜的）”Gullotta says “They only come in when a friend drops dead on thegolf course and they think”Geez, if it could happen to him.Then there is the ostrich approach,”some men are scared of what might be there and would rather not know, ”says Dr. Ross Cartmill.“Most men get their cars serviced more regularly than they service their bodies,”Cartmill says .He believes most diseases that commonly affect men couldbe addressed by preventive check-ups.Regular check-ups for men would inevitably place strain on the public purse, Cartmill says.”But prevention is cheaperin the long run than having to treat the diseases. Besides, the ultimate cost is far greater: it is called premature death.”57.Why does the author congratulate his male readers at the beginning of the passage?A. They are more likely to survive serious diseases today.B. Their average life span has been considerably extended.C. They have lived long enough to read this article.D. They are sure to enjoy a longer and happier live.58.What does the author state is the most important reason men die five years earlier on average than women?A. men drink and smoke much more than womenB. men don’t seek medical care as oftenas womenC. men aren’t as cautions as women in face of dangerD. men are more likely to suffer from fatal diseases59. Which of the following best completesthe sentence “Geez, if it could happen to him…’(line2,para,8)?A. it could happen to me, tooB. I should avoid playing golfC. I should consider myself luckyD. it would be a big misfortune60what does Dr. Ross Cartmill mean by “the ostrich approach”(line q para.9)A. a casual attitude towards one’s health conditionsB. a new therapy for certain psychological problemsC. refusal to get medical treatment for fearof the pain involvedD. unwillingness to find out about one’s disease because of fear61. What does Cartmill say about regularcheck-ups for men?A.They may increase public expensesB.They will save money in the long runC.They may cause psychological strains on menD.They will enable men to live as long as womenPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.High-quality customer service is preached(宣扬) by many ,but actually keeping customers happy is easier said than doneShoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a retail store, but instead will alert their friends, relatives, co-workers, strangers-and anyone who will listen.Store managers are often the last tohear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide t frequent their competitors, according to astudy jointly conducted by Verde group and Wharton school“Storytelling hurts retailers and entertains consumers,”said Paula Courtney, President of the Verde group.”the store loses the customer, but the shopper must also find a replacement.”On average, every unhappy customerwill complain to at least four other, and will no longer visit the specific store for every dissatisfied customer, a store will lose up to three more due to negative reviews. The resulting “snowball effect”can be disastrous to retailers.According to the research, shoppers who purchased clothing encountered themost problems. ranked second and third were grocery and electronics customers.The most common complaints include filled parking lots, cluttered (塞满了的) shelves, overloaded racks, out-of-stock items, long check-out lines, and rude salespeople.During peak shopping hours, some retailers solved the parking problems by getting moonlighting（业余兼职的）local police to work as parking attendants. Some hired flag wavers to direct customers to empty parking spaces. This guidance eliminated the need for customers to circle the parking lot endlessly, and avoided confrontation between those eyeing the same parking space.Retailers can relieve the headaches by redesigning store layouts, pre-stocking sales items, hiring speedy and experienced cashiers, and having sales representatives on hand to answer questions.Most importantly, salespeople shouldbe diplomatic and polite with angry customers.“Retailers who’re responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who aren’t so friendly.”said Professor Stephen Hoch. “Maybe something as simple as a greeter at the store entrance would help.”Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filing complaintsto the retailer, instead of complaining to the rest of the world. Retailers are hard-pressed to improve when they haveno idea what is wrong.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答62. Why are store managers often the lastto hear complaints?A Most customers won’t bother to complain even if they have had unhappy experiences.B Customers would rather relate their unhappy experiences to people around them.C Few customers believe the service will be improved.D Customers have no easy access to store managers.63. What does Paula Courtney imply by saying “…the shopper must also find a replacement”(Line 2, Para. 4)?A New customers are bound to replace old ones.B It is not likely the shopper can find thesame products in other stores.C Most stores provide the sameD Not complaining to the manager causesthe shopper some trouble too.64. Shop owners often hire moonlightingpolice as parking attendants so that shoppers_____A can stay longer browsing in the storeB won’t have trouble parking their carsC won’t have any worries about securityD can find their cars easily after shopping65. What contributes most to smoothing over issues with customers?A Manners of the salespeopleB Hiring of efficient employeesC Huge supply of goods for saleD Design of the store layout.66. To achieve better shopping experiences, customers are advised to _________.A exert pressure on stores to improve their serviceB settle their disputes with stores in a diplomatic wayC voice their dissatisfaction to store managers directlyD shop around and make comparisons between stores3. The January fashion show, called Future Fashion , exemplified howfar green design has come. Organized by the New York-based nonprofitEarth Pledge, the show inspired many top designers to work with sustainable fabrics for the first time. Several have since made pledges toinclude organic fabrics in their lines.The designers who undertake green fashion still face many challenges. Scott Hahn, cofounder with Gregory of Rogan and Loomstate,which uses all-organic cotton, says high-quality sustainable materials canstill be tough to fine . “Most designers with existing labels are findingthere aren’t comparable fabrics that can just replace what you’re doing and shat your customers are used to,”he says. For example, organic cotton and non-organic cotton are virtually indistinguishable once woven into a dress. But some popular synthetics, like stretch nylon, stillhave few eco-friendly equivalents.Those who do make the switch are finding they have more support.Last year the influential trade show Designers & Agents stopped charging its participation fee for young green entrepreneurs(企业家) who attend its two springtime shows in Los Angeles and New York and gavespecial recognition to designers whose collections are at least 25% sustainable . It now counts more than 50 green designers, up from fewerthan a dozen two years ago. This week Wal-Mart is set to announce amajor initiative aimed at helping cotton farmers go organic: it will buytransitional(过渡型的) cotton at higher prices , thus helping to expand thesupply of a key sustainable material . “Mainstream is about to occur,”says Hahn.Some analysts(分析师) are less sure . Among consumers, only 18%are even aware that ecofashion exists, up from 6% four years ago.Natalie Hormilla, a fashion writer, is an example of the unconverted consumer, when asked if she owned any sustainable clothes, she replied:“Not that I’m aware of.”Like most consumers, she finds little time to shop, and when she does, she’s on the hunt for “cute stuff that isn’t too expensive.”By her own admission, green just isn’t yet on her mind. But–thanks to the combined efforts of designers, retailers and suppliers –one day it will be.57. What is said about Future Fashion?A) It inspired many leading designers to start going green.B) It showed that designers using organic fabrics would go far.C) It served as an example of how fashion shows should be organized.D) It convinced the public that fashionable clothes should be madedurable.58. According to Scott Hahn, one big challenge to designers who will goorganic is that .A) much more time is needed to finish a dress using sustainablematerials .B) they have to create new brands for clothes made of organicmaterials .C) customers have difficulty telling organic from non-organicmaterials .D) quality organic replacements for synthetics are not readilyavailable .59. We learn from Paragraph 3 that designers who undertake greenfashion .A) can attend various trade shows free .B) are readily recognized by the fashion worldC) can buy organic cotton at favorable prices .D) are gaining more and more support .60. What is Natalie Hormilla’s attitude toward ecofashion?A) She doesn’t seem to care about it. C) She is doubtful of itspractical value.B) She doesn’t think it is sustainable D) She is very muchopposed to the idea61. What does the author think of green fashion?A) Green products will soon go mainstream.B) It has a very promising future.C) Consumers have the final say.D) It will appeal more to young people.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Scientists have devised a way to determine roughly where a personhas lived using a strand(缕) of hair , a technique that could help track the movements of criminal suspects or unidentified murder victims .The method relies on measuring how chemical variations in drinkingwater show up in people’s hair.“You’re what you eat and drink, and that’s recorded in you hair,”said Thure Cerling, a geologist at the University of Utah.While U.S diet is relatively identical, water supplies vary. The differences result from weather patterns. The chemical composition of rainfall changes slightly as raid clouds move.Most hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water are stable , but traces ofboth elements are also present as heavier isotopes (同位素) . The heaviest raid falls first .As a result, storms that form over the Pacific deliver heavierwater to California than to Utah.Similar patterns exist throughout the U.S. By measuring the proportion of heavier hydrogen and oxygen isotopes along a strand ofhair, scientists can construct a geographic timeline. Each inch of hair corresponds to about two months.Cerling’s team collected tap water samples from 600 cities and constructed a mop of the regional differences. They checked the accuracy of the map by testing 200 hair samples collected from 65 barber shops.They were able to accurately place the hair samples in broad regionsroughly corresponding to the movement of raid systems.“It’s not good for pinpointing (精确定位),”Cerling said . “It’s good for eliminating many possibilities.”Todd Park, a local detective, said the method has helped him learnmore about an unidentified woman whose skeleton was found near Great Salt Lake.The woman was 5 feet tall. Police recovered 26 bones, a T-shirt andseveral strands of hair.When Park heard about the research, he gave the hair samples to the researchers. Chemical testing showed that over the two years before herdeath, she moved about every two months.She stayed in the Northwest, although the test could not be morespecific than somewhere between eastern Oregon and western Wyoming.“It’s still a substantial area,”Park said “But it narrows it way down for me.”62. What is the scientists’new discovery?A) One’s hair growth has to do with the amount of water they drink.B) A person’s hair may reveal where they have lived.C) Hair analysis accurately identifies criminal suspects.D) The chemical composition of hair varies from person to person.63. What does the author mean by “You’re what you eat and drink”(Line 1, Para.3)?A) Food and drink affect one’s personality development.B) Food and drink preferences vary with individuals.C) Food and drink leave traces in one’s body tissues.D) Food and drink are indispensable to one’s existence.64. What is said about the rainfall in America’s West?A) There is much more rainfall in California than in Utah.B) The water it delivers becomes lighter when it moves inland.C) Its chemical composition is less stable than in other areas.D) It gathers more light isotopes as it moves eastward.65. What did Cerling’s team produce in their research?A) A map showing the regional differences of tap water.B) A collection of hair samples from various barber shops.C) A method to measure the amount of water in human hair.D) A chart illustrating the movement of the rain system.66. What is the practical value of Cerling’s research?A) It helps analyze the quality of water in different regions.B) It helps the police determine where a crime is committed.C) It helps the police narrow down possibilities in detective work.D) It helps identify the drinking habits of the person under investigation.4.Throughout this long, tense election, everyone has focused on the presidential candidates and how they’ll change America. Rightly so, but selfishly, I’m more fascinated by Michelle Obama and what she might beable to do, not just for this country, but for me as an African-Americanwoman. As the potential First Lady, she would have the world’s attention. And that means that for the first time people will have a chance to get upclose and personal with the type of African-American woman they so rarely see.Usually, the lives of black women go largely unexamined. The prevailing theory seems to be that we’re all hot-tempered single mothers who can’t keep a man. Even in the world of make-believe, black women still can’t escape the stereotype of being eye-rolling, oversexed females raised by our never-married, alcoholic (酗酒的) mothers.These images have helped define the way all women are viewed, including Michelle Obama. Before she ever gets the chance to commit toa cause, charity or foundation as First Lady, her most urgent and perhapsmost complicated duty may be simple to be herself.It won’t be easy. Because few mainstream publications have donein-depth features on regular African-American women, little is known about who we are, what we think and what we face on a regular basis.For better or worse, Michelle will represent us all.Just as she will have her critics, she will also have millions of fans who usually have little interest in the First Lady. Many African-American blogshave written about what they’d like to see Michelle bring to the White House—mainly showing the world that a black woman can support herman and raise a strong black family. Michelle will have to work to please everyone—an impossible task. But for many African-American women like me, just a little of her poise (沉着), confidence and intelligence will goa long way in changing an image that’s been around for far too long.57. Why does Michelle Obama hold a strong fascination for the author?A) She serves as a role model for African women.B) She possesses many admirable qualities becoming a First Lady.C) She will present to the world a new image of African-American women.D) She will pay closer attention to the interests of African-Americanwomen.58. What is the common stereotype of African-American women according to the author?A) They are victims of violence. B) They are of an inferior violence.C) They use quite a lot of body language. D) They live on charity andsocial welfare.59. What do many African-Americans write about in their blogs?A) Whether Michelle can live up to the high expectations of her fans.B) How Michelle should behave as a public figure.C) How proud they are to have a black woman in the White House.D) What Michelle should do as wife and mother in the White House.60. What does the author say about Michelle Obama as a First Lady?A) However many fans she has, she should remain modest,B) She shouldn’t disappoint the African-American community.C) However hard she tries, she can’t expect to please everybody.D) She will give priority to African-American women’s concerns.61. What do many African-American women hope Michelle Obamawill do?A) Help change the prevailing view about black women.B) Help her husband in the task of changing America.C) Outshine previous First Lady.D) Fully display her fine qualities.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.When next year’s crop of high-school graduates arrive at Oxford University in the fall of 2009, they’ll be joined by a new face; Andrew Hamilton, the 55-year-old provost (教务长) of Yale, who’ll become Oxford’s vice-chancellor—a position equivalent to university presidentin America.Hamilton isn’t the only educator crossing the Atlantic. Schools in France, Egypt, Singapore, etc, have also recently made top-level hires from abroad. Higher education has become a big and competitive business nowadays, and like so many businesses, it’s gone global. Yet the talent flow isn’t universal. High-level personnel tend to head in onlyone direction: outward from America.The chief reason is that American schools don’t tend to seriously consider looking abroad. For example, when the board of the Universityof Colorado searched for a new president, it wanted a leader familiar with the state government, a major source of the university’s budget. “We didn’t do any global consideration,”says Patricia Hayes, the board’s chair. The board ultimately picked Bruce Benson, a 69-year-old Colorado businessman and political activist (活动家) who is likely to do well in the main task of modern university presidents: fund-raising. Fund-raising is a distinctively American thing, since U.S. schools rely heavily on donations. The fund-raising ability is largely a product of experience and necessity.Many European universities, meanwhile, are still mostly dependenton government funding. But government support has failed to keep pace with rising student number. The decline in government support hasmade funding-raising an increasing necessary ability among administrators and has hiring committees hungry for Americans.In the past few years, prominent schools around the world have joined the trend. In 2003, when Cambridge University appointed AlisonRichard, another former Yale provost, as its vice-chancellor, the universitypublicly stressed that in her previous job she had overseen “a major strengthening of Yale’s financial position.”Of course, fund-raising isn’t the only skill outsiders offer. The globalization of education means more universities will be seeking headswith international experience of some kind of promote international programs and attract a global student body. Foreigners can offer a fresh perspective on established practices.62. What is the current trend in higher education discussed in the passage?A) Institutions worldwide are hiring administrators from the U.S.B) A lot of political activists are being recruited as administrators.C) American universities are enrolling more international students.D) University presidents are paying more attention to funding-raising.63. What is the chief consideration of American universities when hiring top-level administrators?A) The political correctness. B) Their ability to raise funds.C) Their fame in academic circles. D) Their administrative experience.64. What do we learn about European universities from the passage?。

1989年1月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a line through the centre.Example:You will hear:You will read:A) At the office.B) In the waiting room.C) At the airport.D) In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This is mos t likely to have taken place at the office. There fore, A) “At the office” is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) He lent her his extra pen.B) He was afraid of losing his pen.C) He offered her a pencil.D) He said he didn’t have any extra ink.2. A) The teacher reviewed a previous lesson.B) The teacher taught a new lesson.C) The teacher postponed the class until Friday.D) The teacher made the students write in class.3. A) It’s going to attract a lot of students.B) It’s going to be a lot of fun.C) It’s going to require a lot of reading.D) It’s going to work out quite well.4. A) She agrees to lend him the car.B) She offers him the car.C) She refuses to lend him the car.D) She is pleased to lend him the car.5. A) To the beach.B) To a movie theatre.C) To a play.D) To a restaurant.6. A) Policeman and driver.B) Policeman and thief.C) Teacher and pupil.D) Director and actress.7. A) He is often late for meals.B) He is expecting a letter from abroad.C) He wrote to his family last month.D) He is anxious to go back home.8. A) He is modest.B) He is satisfied.C) He is proud.D) He is upset.9. A) Europe.B) Here.C) Canada.D) California.10. A) The train is crowded.B) The train is late.C) The train is on time.D) The train is out of order.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) The crust.B) The ground.C) The plate.D) The boundary.12. A) Two.B) Seventy.C) Seven.D) Twelve.13. A) The east coast of North America.B) The west coast of North America.C) The middle of the Atlantic Ocean.D) The middle of the Pacific Ocean.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) They want to attract attention.B) It is fashionable to wear such clothes.C) The appear respectable in such clothes.D) Riding a motorcycle makes one dirty.15. A) It is efficient.B) It is exciting.C) It is convenient.D) It is dangerous.16. A) If he always wears protective clothing.B) If he can see everything around him clearly.C) If he is very careful.D) If he has a lot of defenders.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) He was struck by lightning.B) He had a car accident.C) He was very old.D) He fell down in his yard.18. A) His wife.B) A clock.C) A tree.D) Lightning.19. A) Hiding under a tree.B) Entering the house.C) Driving a car.D) Lying on the ground.20. A) A fall from the tree.B) The unexpected return of his wife.C) Another flash of lightning.D) Another heavy blow.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.More than 30,000 drivers and front seat passengers are killed or seriously injured each year. At the speed of only 30 miles per hour it is the same as falling from a third-floor windows. Wearing a seat belt saves lives; it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half. Therefore drivers or front seat passengers over 14 in most vehicles must wear a seat belt. If you do not, you could be fined up to ￡50. it will not be up to the drivers to make sure you wear your belt. But it will be the driver’s responsibility to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing a seat belt of some kind.However, you do not have to wear a seat belt if you reversing your vehicle; or you are making a local delivery or collection using a special vehicle; or if you have a valid medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it. Make sure these circumstances apply to you before you decide not to wear you seat belt. Remember you may be taken to court for not doing so, and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it.21. This text is taken from ________.A) a medical magazineB) a police reportC) a legal documentD) a government information booklet22. Wearing a seat belt in a vehicle ________.A) reduces road accidents by more than halfB) saves lives while driving at a speed up to 30 miles per hourC) reduces the death rate in traffic accidentsD) saves more than 15,000 lives each year23. It is the driver’s responsibility to ________.A) make the front seat passenger wear a seat beltB) make the front seat children under 14 wear a seat beltC) stop children riding in the front seatD) wear a seat belt each time he drives24. According to the text, which of the following people riding in the front dos not have to weara seat belt?A) Someone who is backing into a parking space.B) Someone who is picking up the children from the local school.C) Someone who is delivering invitation letters.D) Someone who is under 14.25. For some people, it may be better ________.A) to wear a seat belt for health reasonsB) not to wear a seat belt for health reasonsC) to get valid medical certificate before wearing a seat beltD) to pay a fine rather than wear a seat beltPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.If you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think. This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors, who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exercise—and as a result, we are ageing unnecessarily soon.Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of ageing could be slowed down.With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations.Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain, which relate to intellect (智能) and emotion, and determine the human character. (The rear section of the brain, which controls functions like eating and breathing, does not contract with age, and one can continue living without intellectual or emotional faculties.)Contraction of front and side parts—as cells die off—was observed I some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty- and seventy-year-olds.Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple remedy to the contraction normally associated with age—using the head.The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in thecountry than in the towns. Those least at risk, says Matsuzawa, are lawyers, followed by university professors and doctors. White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant. Matsuzawa’s findings show that thinking can prevent the brain from shrinking. Blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain cells need. “The best way to maintain good blood circulation is through using the brain,” he says, “Think hard and engage in conversation. Don’t rely on pocket calculators.”26. The team of doctors wanted to find out ________.A) why certain people age sooner than othersB) how to make people live longerC) the size of certain people’s brainsD) which people are most intelligent27. On what are their research findings based?A) A survey of farmers in northern Japan.B) Tests performed on a thousand old people.C) The study of brain volumes of different peopleD) The latest development of computer technology.28. The doctor’s test show that ________.A) our brains shrink as we grow olderB) the front section of the brain does not shrinkC) sixty-year-olds have the better brains than thirty-year-oldsD) some people’s brains have contracted more than other people’s29. The word “subjects” in Paragraph 5means ________.A) something to be consideredB) branches of knowledge studiedC) persons chosen to be studied in an experimentD) any member of a state except the supreme ruler30. According to the passage, which people seem to age slower than the others?A) Lawyers.B) Farmers.C) Clerks.D) Shop assistants.Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.On June 17, 1744, the officials from Maryland and Virginia held a talk with the Indians of the Six Nations. The Indians were invited to send boys to William and Mary College. In a letter the next day the refused the offer as follows:We know that you have a high opinion of the kind of learning taught in your colleges, and that the costs of living of our young men, while with you, would be very expensive to you. We are convinced that you mean to do us good by your proposal; and we thank you heartily. But you must know that different nations have different ways of looking at things, and you will therefore not be offended if your ideas of this kind of education happen not t be the same as yours. We have had some experience of it. Several of our young people were formerly brought up at the colleges of the northern provinces: they were taught all your sciences; but, when they came back to us, they werebad runners, ignorant of every means of living in the woods… they were totally good for nothing. We are, however, not the less obliged by your kind offer, though we refuse to accept it; and, to show our grateful sense of it, if the gentlemen of Virginia will send up a dozen of their sons, we will take care of their education, teach them in all we know, and make men of them.31. The passage is about ________.A) the talk between the Indians and the officialsB) the colleges of northern provincesC) the educational values of the IndiansD) the problems of the Americans in the mid-eighteenth century32. The Indians’ chief purpose in writing the letter seems to be to ________.A) politely refuse a friendly offerB) express their opinion on equal treatmentC) show their prideD) describe Indian customs33. According to the letter, the Indians believed that ________.A) it would be better for their boys to receive some schoolingB) they were being insulted by the offerC) they knew more about science than the officialsD) they had a better way of educating young men34. Different from the officials’ view of education, the Indians though ________.A) young women should also be educatedB) they had different goals of educationC) they taught different branches of scienceD) they should teach the sons of the officials first35. The tone of the letter as a whole is best described as ________.A) angryB) pleasantC) politeD) inquiringPassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.In what now seems like the prehistoric times of computer history, t he earth’s postwar era, there was quite a wide-spread concern that computers would take over the world from man one day. Already today, less than forty years later, as computers are relieving us of more and more of the routine tasks in business and in our personal lives, we are faced with a less dramatic but also less foreseen problem. People tend to be over-trusting of computers and are reluctant to challenge their authority. Indeed, they behave as if they were hardly aware that wrong buttons may be pushed, or that a computer may simply malfunction (失误).Obviously, there would be no point in investing in a computer if you had to check all its answers, but people should also rely on their own internal computers and check the machine when they have the feeling that something has gone wrong.Questioning and routine double-checks must continue to be as much a part of good business as they were in pre-computer days. Maybe each computer should come with the warning: for all the help this computer may provide, it should not be seen as a substitute for fundamental thinking andreasoning skills.36. What is the main purpose of this passage?A) To look back to the early days of computers.B) To explain what technical problems may occur with computers.C) To discourage unnecessary investment in computers.D) To warn against a mentally lazy attitude towards computers.37. According to the passage, the initial concern about computers was that they might ________.A) change our personal livesB) take control of the worldC) create unforeseen problemsD) affect our businesses38. The passage recommends those dealing with computers to ________.A) be reasonably doubtful about themB) check all their answersC) substitute them for basic thinkingD) use them for business purposes only39. The passage suggests that the present-day problem with regard to computers is ________.A) challengingB) psychologicalC) dramaticD) fundamental40. It can be inferred from the passage that the author would disapprove of ________.A) investment in computersB) the use of one’s internal computerC) double-check on computersD) complete dependence on computers for decision-makingPart III V ocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four Choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single time through the centre.41. Mary’s score on the test is the highest in her class; she ________ have studied very hard.A) mayB) shouldC) mustD) ought to42. ________ that the trade between the two countries reached its highest point.A) During the 1960’sB) It was in the 1960’sC) That it was in the 1960’sD) It was the 1960’s43. H e suggested ________ to tomorrow’s exhibition together.A) us to goB) we wentC) we shall go44. No agreement was reached in the discussion as neither side would give way to ________.A) the otherB) any otherC) anotherD) other45. With agreement was reached I the discussion as neither side would give way to ________.A) mustn’t goB) wouldn’t goC) oughtn’t to goD) shouldn’t have gone46. If you want ________ you have to get the fund somewhere.A) that the job is doneB) the job doneC) to have done the jobD) the job that is don47. There is more land in Australia than the government knows ________.A) what to do withB) how to doC) to do with itD) to do it48. It’s no use ________ me not to worry.A) you tellB) your tellingC) for you to have toldD) having told49. I have two boys but ________ of them likes sweets.A) bothB) neitherC) eitherD) none50. Only by shouting at the top of his voice ________.A) was he able to make himself hearB) he was able to make himself hearC) he was able to make himself heardD) was he able to make himself heard51. ________ such a good chance, he planned to learn more.A) To be givenB) Having been givenC) Having givenD) Giving52. If it ________ too much trouble, I’d love a cup of tea.A) isn’tB) wa sn’tD) hadn’t been53. My sister’s professor had her ________ her paper many times before allowing her to present it to the committee.A) rewrittenB) to rewriteC) rewriteD) rewriting54. silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper ________ it closely.A) followedB) followingC) to followD) being followed55. They are considering ________ before the prices go up.A) of buying the houseB) with buying the houseC) buying the houseD) to buy the house56. She was glad that her success would ________ for the women who would follow.A) make things easierB) make it easierC) be easierD) be easier to make57. They will have it finished in ________.A) three quarter of an hour timeB) three quarters of an hour timeC) three quarter of an h our’s timeD) three quarters of an hour’s time58. A Dream of the Red Chamber is said ________ into dozens of languages in the last decade.A) to have been translatedB) to translateC) to be translatedD) to have translated59. He went ahead ________ all warnings about the danger of his mission.A) in case ofB) because ofC) regardless ofD) prior to60. We object ________ punishing a whole group for one person’s fault.A) againstB) aboutC) toD) or61. Jack is good, kind, hard-working and intelligent; ________; I can’t speak too highly of him.B) in a wordC) by the wayD) on the contrary62. The man to whom we handed the forms pointed out that they had not been ________ filled in.A) consequentlyB) regularlyC) comprehensivelyD) properly63. I shall have companion in the house after all these ________ years.A) singleB) soleC) aloneD) lonely64. After a long and exhausting journey, they arrived ________.A) till the lastB) at lastC) by the endD) at the end65. None of the servants were ________ when Mr. Smith wanted to send a message.A) availableB) attainableC) approachableD) applicable66. I can’t ________ what that object is.A) make upB) make overC) make outD) make for67. I want to buy a new tie to ________ this brown suit.A) go intoB) go afterC) go withD) go by68. The newest satellite can ________ a thousand telephone conversations and a colour TV program at the same time.A) carryB) extendC) bringD) take69. I can ________ some noise while I’m studying, but I can’t stand loud noises.A) come up withB) catch up withC) put up withD) keep up with70. When the whole area was ________ by the flood, the government sent food there by helicopter.A) cut awayB) cut downC) cut upD) cut offPart IV Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.In recent years, more and more foreigners are involved in the teaching programs of the United States. Both the advantages and the disadvantages __71__ using faculty (教师[总称]) from foreign countries __72__ teaching positions have to be __73__, of course. It can be said that foreign __74__ that makes the faculty member from abroad an asset (财富) also __75__ problems of adjustment, both for the university and for the individual.The foreign research scholar usually isolates __76__ in the laboratory as a means of protection; __77__, what he needs is to be fitted __78__ a highly organized university system quite different from __79__ at home. He is faced in his daily work __80__ differences in philosophy, arrangements of courses and methods of teaching. Both the visiting professor and his students __81__ background in each other’s cultures. Some __82__ of what is already in the minds of American students is __83__ by the foreign professor. While helping him to __84__ himself to his new environment, the university must also __85__ certain adjustments in order to __86__ full advantage of what the newcomer can __87__. It isn’t always known how to make __88__ use of foreign faculty, especially at smaller colleges. This is thought to be a __89__ where further study is called __90__. The findings of such a study will be of value to colleges and universities with foreign faculty.71. A) withB) forC) ofD) at72. A) inB) onC) forD) within73. A) thoughtB) measuredC) balancedD) considered74. A) situationB) circumstanceC) backgroundD) condition75. A) carriesB) createsC) emergesD) solves76. A) himselfB) oneselfC) himD) one77. A) otherwiseB) moreoverC) howeverD) also78. A) intoB) byC) toD) with79. A) thoseB) whichC) whatD) that80. A) towardB) withC) toD) at81. A) haveB) possessC) needD) lack82. A) conceptB) feelingC) planD) intelligence83. A) orderedB) askedC) insistedD) required84. A) placeB) adaptC) putD) direct85. A) remainB) keepC) makeD) cause86. A) takeB) makeC) doD) be87. A) showB) affordC) expressD) offer88. A) powerfulB) creativeC) imaginaryD) advanced89. A) scopeB) rangeC) fieldD) district90. A) onB) forC) uponD) at1989年1月四级参考答案Part I1. C2. A3. C4. A5. D6. A7. B8. D9. C 10. B 11. A 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. D 16. C 17. B 18. B 19. A 20. DPart II21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C 36. D 37. B 38. A 39. B 40. DPart III41. C 42. B 43. D 44. A 45. D 46. B 47. A 48. B 49. B 50. D 51. B 52. A 53. C 54. B 55. C 56. A 57. D 58. C 59. C 60. C 61. B 62. D 63. D 64. B 65. A66. C 67. C 68. A 69. C 70. DPart IV71. C 72. A 73. D 74. C 75. B76. A 77. C 78. A 79. D 80. B81. D 82. A 83. D 84. B 85. C86. A 87. D 88. B 89. C 90. B1989年1月四级听力原文Section AExample:M: Is it possible for you to work late, Miss Grey?W: Work late? I suppose so, if you really think it’s necessary.Q: Where do you think this conversation most probably took place?1. W: Could you lend me a pen? Mine has just run out of ink.M: I’m afraid I don’t have an extra one. Would a pencil do?Q: How did the man respond to the woman’s request?2. W: What did you do in class today?M: The teacher went over last Friday’s lesso n.Q: What did the teacher do?3. W: It looks like the English course is going to be a lot of work.M: Didn’t you see the reading list is enormous?Q: What did they think of the English course?4. M: Can I use your new car, Auntie?W: Yes, of course, if you drive it carefully.Q: What’s the aunt’s answer?5. M: The Golden Lion sounds like a nice place to eat.W: Ok, let’s go there. I hear that they have a complete menu and a warm atmosphere. Q: Where are the man and woman going?6. M: Why didn’t you stop wh en we first signaled?W: I’m sorry. Will I have to pay a fine?Q: What is the probable relationship between the man and the woman?7. M: I haven’t heard from my family since last month.W: Don’t worry, Bill. Overseas mail is often slow.Q: What can we learn about the man from the conversation?8. W: Jack, how are you doing with your paper?M: I’ve written and rewritten it so many times that I wonder when I can finish it.Q: What can we learn about the man?9. M: Has George returned from Europe yet?W: Yes, but he had been only here for three days before his company sent him to Canada. Q: Where is George now?10. W: Excuse me. Do you know when the train will arrive?M: I’m sorry. The train is behind schedule. You have to wait another twenty minutes.Q: What do we learn from this conversation?Section BPassage 1The earth is composed of several layers. The top layer of the earth is called the earth’s crust. The earth’s crust is divided into seven sections. These sections are called plates.When two plates push against each other, or when two plates rub against each other, an earthquake will occur. An earthquake causes the ground above the plate to shake. The shaking is caused by the motion of two plates.Earthquakes are likely to happen at the boundaries of the earth’s plates. Each of these plates is about 70 kilometers thick. Let’s take a look at the general boundaries of one of these seven major plate.Take the North American plate for an example. The left boundary of this plate is the west coat of North America and the east boundary of this plate is through the middle of the Atlantic Ocean. That is, this plate extends from the west coast of North America to the middle of the Atlantic Ocean.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. What is the top layer of the earth called?12. How many major sections is the earth’s crust divided into?13. Which of the following is the left boundary of the North American plate?Passage 2Nowadays motorcycling is fast becoming one of America’s most pop ular sports. However, there are several things about motorcycling that the average citizen dislikes. Motorcyclists frequently look dirty; in fact, there are dirty. On the road there is little to protect them from mud, insects, and bird droppings. For practical reasons they often dress in old clothing which looks much less respectable than the clothing of people who ride in cars. For the same reason motorcyclists usually wear dark colors.Of course the danger of motorcycling also helps account for many people’s low opinion of the sport. Its defenders, however, claim that careful cyclists are in less danger than is commonly believed. A cyclist must drive s if everybody around him wanted to kill him. He must pay careful attention to his driving. From that point of view, a man on a motorcycle is safer than a man in a car.Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. Why do motorcyclists often dress in old and dark clothing?15. What is the average citizen’s opinion about motorcycling?16. How can a motorcyclist be safer than a car driver?Passage 3Robert Edwards was blinded in an automobile accident nine years age. He was also partially deaf because of old age. Last week, he was walking near his home when a thunder-storm approached. He took shelter under a tree and was struck by lightning. He was knocked to the ground and woke up some 20 minutes later, lying face down in water below a tree. He went into the house and lay down in bed. A short time later, he awoke; his legs couldn’t move and he was trembling, but, when he opened his eyes, he could see the clock across the room in front of him. When his wife entered, he saw her for the first time in nine years. Doctors confirm that he has regained his sight and。

1992年1月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Time was—and not so many years ago, either—when the average citizen took a pretty dim view of banks and Banking. That this was so, it should be said, was to no small extent the fault of banks and bankers themselves. Banks used to be—and a few still are—forbidding structures. Behind the little barred windows were, more often than not, elderly gentlemen whose expression of friendliness reflected the size of the customer’s account, and nothing less than a few hundred thousand in the bank could have inspired the suggestion of a smile.21. The author believes that the unfriendly atmosphere in banks many years ago was chiefly due to ________.A) the outer appearance of bank buildingsB) unfriendliness of customers toward banksC) economic pressure of the timeD) the attitude of hankers22. The banks of many years ago showed interest only in ________.A) regular visitorsB) rich customersC) friendly businessmenD) elderlygentlemen23. When did banks begin to grow human?A) Sometime before the war.B) A few years ago.C) During the war.D) In the last century.24. What helped to push the “humanization” of banks?A) More and more “little” people became customers of banks.B) The elderly gentlemen in banks were replaced by women.C) More banks were set up in small and medium-sized towns.D) The size of the customer’s account was greatly increased.25. Average People seldom borrowed money from bank in the bank because________.A) the bank buildings looked forbiddingB) they were comparatively rich before the warC) they thought it was not proper to be in debtD) they rarely spent more than they could earnQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Last summer, Transportation Secretary Elizabeth Dole announced a new rule:Unless states representing two-thirds of the country’s population pass compulsory (强制性的) seat-belt-use laws by April 1989, all new vehicles will have to be fitted with air bags or automatic seat belts.26. Before 1989, in the United States ________.A) the use of seat belts was not compulsory for the majority of the populationB) a new law requiring the use of seat belts had just been passedC) people had to choose between the use of seat belts or the use of air bagsD) almost fifty percent of the people involved in car accidents were saved by seatBelts27. The word “trapped” (Para. 3, Line 3) means to be ________.A) held up in a traffic jamB) confined in the carC) caught in an accidentD) pulled into a car28. One of the reasons why many drivers refuse to wear seat belts is because________.A) t hey don’t think that it is comfortable to wear seat beltsB) they don’t believe that an accident involving a terrible driver is highlyprobableC) they believe that no danger is involved in just driving a few blocksD) they think that few drivers are willing to wear seat belts29. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A) seat belts should be replaced by air bagsB) eighty-five percent of all drivers are likely to Break traffic rulesC) all drivers, whether good or bad, are liable to have an accident at one time oranotherD) wearing seat belts will get drivers out of dangerous situations30. The purpose of the writer in writing this passage is ________.A) to urge the government to pass the law soonerB) to tell how dangerous car-driving can beC) to criticise those who refuse to use seat beltsD) to prove the necessity of the new ruleQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.For well over 2000 years the world’s great religions have taught the virtues of a trusting heart. Now there is another reason to merit the wisdom of the ages: scientific evidence indicates that those with trusting hearts will live longer, healthier lives.31. According to the author, people with trusting hearts are ________.A) usually intelligent and wiseB) usually very religiousC) less likely to get heart diseasesD) not likely to be mistreated by others32. The book by Meyer Friedman and Ray H. Rosenman most probably discusses________.A) friendliness and hostilityB) trust and mistrust of peopleC) heart diseases and death rateD) people’s characters and their blood types33. According to the passage, if you have a fixed idea in mind that people willmistreat you, you will always find it ________.A) to be disappointingB) to be pleasingC) to be wrongD) to be so34. A cynic, in the passage, is a person ________.A) who is always ready to fightB) who usually has doubts about the people around himC) whose behaviour usually leads to serious health problemsD) whose behaviour usually seems strange to the people he knows35. The author’s intention in writing the passage is to ________.A) advise people to be patientB) analyze the danger of heart diseasesC) persuade people to be trustfulD) praise the wisdom of the old people Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.“Time is a problem for kids,” states a news report for a new Swiss watch. Children in some countries “learn time slowly” because “they don’t wear watches” and “parents don’t really know how to teach them time”. The kids grow up with this handicap and become adults—and then can’t get to work on time. Is there an answer to this problem? of course—it’s the Flik Flak, made by a famous Swiss watch company.36. From the news report we know that ________.A) parents are patient when teaching children timeB) parents have little idea of how to teach children timeC) children tend to learn time quicklyD) children enjoy wearing the Flik Flak watch37. The author doesn’t seem to believe ________.A) children will be on time if they have learnt how to tell timeB) a Flik Flak can help parents teach their children how to tell timeC) the Flik Flak can capture children’s imaginationD) children usually have trouble telling time if they don’t wear watches38. The word “handicap” (Para. 1, Line 4) means ________.A) displeasureB) discouragementC) disappointmentD) disadvantage39. Flik and Flak in the passage stand for ________.A) a tall boy and a beautiful girlB) the minute hand and the hour handC) the Swiss watch companyD) the designers of the watch40. The United States sales manager calls the new watch kidproof because________.A) it is designed to teach children to be on timeB) it proves to be effective in teaching children timeC) it is made so as not to be easily damaged by childrenD) it is the children’s favourite watchPart II Reading Comprehension21. D 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. C26. A 27. B 28. C 29. C 30. D31. C 32. D 33. D 34. C 35. C36. B 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. C。

2001 年 1 月大学英语四级 (CET-4) 真题试卷1/37 2001 年 1 月大学英语四级 (CET-4) 真题试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the question will be spoken only once. After eachquestion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the center.Example:You will hear:You will read:A)2 hours.B)3 hours.C)4 hours.D)5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o ’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore,D)“ 5 hours ” is the correct answershould.You choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1.A) Get some change form Jane.B)Use the woman’sphone.C)Go look for a pay phone.D)Pay for the phone call.2.A) At a bookstore.B)In a workshop.C)At an art gallery.D)In a department store.3.A) She’s bought the man a pair of glasses today.B)She will help the man to catch up.C)She is worried about the man’s health.D)She has bought the man an up-to-date map.4.A) He is going to give a talk on fishing.B)He thinks fishing is a good way to kill time.C)He has the same hobby as Susan’father.D)He is eager to meet Susan’ parents.5.A) He finds the presentation hard to follow.B)He considers the presentation very dull.C)He thinks Professor White has chosen an interesting topic.D)He speaks highly of the presentation.6.A) High quality paper.B)A typewriter.C)A bookshelf.D)Some stocks.7.A) They go to the seaside.B)They set off early.C)They go sightseeing.D)They wait for a fine day.8.A) He was late for school on the first day.B)He had a funny face.C)He was the first person she met at school.D)He liked to show off in class.9.A) Her car can stand any crash.B)Her car is not as good as his.C)Her car is maintained as well as his.D)Her car is kept in good condition.10.A) She is too busy to go.B)She doesn’twant to wait long.C)She’swilling to go swimming.D)She enjoys the wonderful weather.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecenter.Passage oneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11.A) He was once a friend of the ruler.B)He was a tax collector.C)He was a government official.D)He was once a school teacher in India.12.A) To declare new ways of collecting tax.B)To entertain those who had made great contributions to the government.C)To collect money from the persons invited.D)To reward outstanding tax collectors.13.A) They tried to collect more money than the ruler asked for.B)They were given some silver and gold coins by the ruler.C)They were excused from paying income tax.D)They enjoyed being invited to dinner at the ruler’s palace.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14.A) They liked traveling.B)They wanted to find a better place to live in.C)They were driven out of their homes.D)The reasons are unknown.15.A) They try to put up with Gypsies.B)They are envious of Gypsies.C)They are unfriendly to Gypsies.D)They admire the musical talent of the Gypsies.16.A) Special schools have been set up for them.B)Permanent homes have been built for them.C)They are now taught in their own language.D)They are now allowed to attend local schools.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17.A) The causes are obvious.B)The causes are very complicated.C)The causes are familiar.D)The causes are not well understood.18.A) Regular driver training.B)Improved highway design.C)Stricter traffic regulations.D)Better public transportation.19.A) Highway crime.B)Poor traffic control.C)Confusing road signs.D)Drivers ’errors.20.A) Designing better cars.B)Building more highways.C)Increasing people’s awareness of traffic problems.D)Enhancing drivers’sense of responsibility.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions:There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choiceand mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the center.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Dogs are social animals and without proper training, they will behave like wild animals. They will soil your house, destroy your belongings, bark excessively, fight other dogs and even bite you. Nearly all behavior problems are perfectly normal dog activities that occur at the wrong time or place or are directed at the wrong thing. The key topreventing or treating behavior problems is learning to teach the dog to redirect its normal behavior to outlets that are acceptable in the domestic setting.One of the best things you can do for your dog and yourself is to obedience train it. Obedience training doesn’t solve all behavior problems, but it is the foundation for solving just about any problem. Training pens up a line of communication between you and your dog. Effective communication is necessary to instruct your dog about whatyou want it to do.Training is also an easy way to establish the social rank order. When your dog obeys a simple request of“come here, sit,”it is showing obedience and respect for you. It is not necessary to establish yourself as top dog or leader of the pack (群) by using extreme measure. You can teach your dog its subordinate (从属的 ) role by teaching it to show submission to you. Most dogs love performing tricks for you to pleasantly accept that you are in charge.Training should be fun and rewarding for you and your dog. It can enrich your relationship and make living together more enjoyable. A well-trained dog is more confident and can more safely be allowed a greater amount of freedom than an untrained animal.21.Behavior problems of dogs are believe to ________.A)be just part of their natureB)worsen in modern societyC)occur when they go wildD)present a threat to the community22.The primary purpose of obedience training is to ________.A)teach the dog to perform clever tricksB)make the dog aware of its owner’s authorityC)provide the dog with outlets for its wild behaviorD)enable the dog to regain its normal behavior23.Effective communication between a dog and its owner is ________.A)essential to solving the dog’s behavior problemsB)the foundation for dogs to perform tasksC)a good way to teach the dog new tricksD)an extreme measure in obedience training24.Why do pet dogs love performing tricks for their masters?A)To avoid being punished.B)To show their affection for their masters.C)To win leadership of the dog pack.D)To show their willingness to obey.25.When a dog has received effective obedience training, its owner ________.A)can give the dog more rewardsB)will enjoy a better family lifeC)can give the dog more freedomD)will have more confidence in himselfPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Engineering students are supposed to be examples of practicality and rationality, but when it comes to my college education I am an idealist and a fool. In high school Iwanted to be an electrical engineer and, of course, any sensible student with my aims would have chosen a college with a large engineering department, famous reputationand lots of good labs and research equipment. But that’s not what I did.I chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts (文科 ) university that doesn’t even offer a major in electrical engineering. Obviously, this was not a practical choice; I came here for more noble reasons. I wanted a broad education that would provide me with flexibility and a value system to guide me in my career. I wanted to open my eyesand expand my vision by interacting with people who weren’t studying science or engineering. My parents, teachers and other adults praised me for such a sensible choice. They told me I was wise and mature beyond my 18 years, and I believed them.I headed off to college sure I was going to have an advantage over those students who went to big engineering “factories”where they didn’tcare if you have values or were flexible. I was going to be a complete engineer: technical genius and sensitive humanist (人文学者 ) all in one.Now I ’m not so sure. Somewhere along the way my noble ideals crashed into reality, as all noble ideals eventually do. After three years of struggling to balance math, physics and engineering courses with liberal-arts courses, I have learned there are reasons why few engineering students try to reconcile (协调 ) engineering with liberal-arts courses in college.The reality that has blocked my path to become the typical successful student is that engineering and the liberal arts simply don’t’mix as easily as I assumed in high school. Individually they shape a person in very different ways; together they threaten to confuse. The struggle to reconcile the two fields of study is difficult.26.The author chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts university because he________.A)wanted to be an example of practicality and rationalityB)intended to be a combination of engineer and humanistC)wanted to coordinate engineering with liberal-arts courses in collegeD)intended to be a sensible student with noble ideals27.According to the author, by interacting with people who study liberal arts,engineering students can ________.A)balance engineering and the liberal artsB)receive guidance in their careersC)become noble idealistsD)broaden their horizons28.In the eyes of the author, a successful engineering student is expected ________.A)to have an excellent academic recordB)to be wise and matureC)to be imaginative with a value system to guide himD)to be a technical genius with a wide vision29.The author’sexperience shows that he was ________.A)creativeB)ambitiousC)unrealisticD)irrational30.The word “they”in “... together they threaten to confuse”.(Line 3, Para. 5) refers to________.A)engineering and the liberal artsB)reality and noble idealsC)flexibility and a value systemD)practicality and rationalityPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Priscilla Ouchida’s “energy-efficient”house turned out to be a horrible dream. When she and her engineer husband married a few years ago, they built a $100,000, three-bedroom home in California. Tightly sealed to prevent air leaks, the house was equipped with small double-paned ( 双层玻璃的) windows and several other energy-saving features. Problems began as soon as the couple moved in, however. Priscilla ’seyes burned. Her throat was constantly dry. She suffered from headaches and could hardly sleep. It was as though she had suddenly developed a strange illness.Experts finally traced the cause of her illness. The level of formaldehyde (甲醛 ) gas in her kitchen was twice the maximum allowed by federal standards for chemicalworkers. The source of the gas? Her new kitchen cabinets and wall-to-wall carpeting.The Ouchidas are victims of indoor air pollution, which is not given sufficient attention partly because of the nation’s drive to save energy. The problem itself isn’tnew. “The indoor environment was dirty long before energy conservation came along,”says Moschandreas, a pollution scientist at Geomet Technologies in Maryland. “Energy conservation has tended to accentuate the situation in some cases”.The problem appears to be more troublesome in newly constructed homes rather than old ones. Back in the days when energy was cheap, home builders didn’tworry much about unsealed cracks. Because of such leaks, the air in an average home was replaced by fresh outdoor air about once an hour. As a result, the pollutants generated in most households seldom build up to dangerous levels.31.It can be learned from the passage that the Ouchidas house ________.A)is well worth the money spent on its constructionB)is almost faultless from the point of energy conservationC)failed to meet energy conservation standardsD)was designed and constructed in a scientific way32.What made the Ouchidas’new house a horrible dream?A)Lack of fresh air.B)Poor quality of building materials.C)Gas leakage in the kitchen.D)The newly painted walls.33.The word “accentuate”(Line 4, Para. 3) most probably means“________”.A)relieveB)accelerateC)worsenD)improve34.Why were cracks in old houses not a big concern?A)Because indoor cleanliness was not emphasized.B)Because energy used to be inexpensive.C)Because environmental protection was given top priority.D)Because they were technically unavoidable.35. This passage is most probably taken from an article entitled“”.A)Energy ConservationB)Houses Building CrisisC)Air Pollution IndoorsD)Traps in Building ConstructionPassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.In 1993. New York State ordered stores to charge a deposit on beverage (饮料 ) containers. Within a year. Consumers had returned millions of aluminum cans and glass and plastic bottles. Plenty of companies were eager to accept the aluminum and glass as raw materials for new products. But because few could figure out what to do with the plastic, much of it wound up buried in landfills (垃圾填埋场 ). The problem was not limited to New York. Unfortunately, there were too few uses for second-hand plastic.Today, one out of five plastic soda bottles is recycled (回收利用 ) in the United States. The reason for the change is that now there are dozens of companies across the country buying discarded plastic soda bottles and turning them into fence posts, paint brushes, etc.Shrinking landfill space, and rising costs for burying and burning rubbish are forcing local governments to look more closely at recycling. In many areas, the East Coast especially, recycling is already the least expensive waste-management option. For every ton of waste recycled, a city avoids paying for its disposal, which, in parts of New York, amounts to saving of more than $100 per ton. Recycling also stimulates the local economy by creating jobs and trims the pollution control and energy costs of industries that make recycled products by giving them a more refined raw material.36.What regulation was issued by New York State concerning beverage containers?A)Beverage companies should be responsible for collecting and reusingdiscarded plastic soda bottles.B)Throwaways should be collected by the state for recycling.C)A fee should be charged on used containers for recycling.D)Consumers had to pay for beverage containers and could get their moneyback on returning them.37.The returned plastic bottles in New York used to ________.A)end up somewhere undergroundB)be turned into raw materialsC)have a second-life valueD)be separated from other rubbish38.The key problem in dealing with returned plastic beverage containers is ________.A)to sell them at a profitable priceB)how to turn them into useful thingsC)how to reduce their recycling costsD)to lower the prices for used materials39.Recycling ahs become the first choice for the disposal of rubbish because ________.A)local governments find it easy to manageB)recycling ahs great appeal for the joblessC)recycling causes little pollutionD)other methods are more expensive40.It can be concluded from the passage that ________.A)rubbish is a potential remedy for the shortage of raw materialsB)local governments in the U.S. can expect big profits from recyclingC)recycling is to be recommended both economically and environmentallyD)landfills will still be widely used for waste disposalPart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that bestcompletes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the center.41.It is important that the hotel receptionist ________ that guests are registeredcorrectly.A)has made sureB)made sureC)must make sureD)make sure42.I suggested he should ________ himself to his new conditions.A)adaptB)adoptC)regulateD)suit43.I’ll never forget ________ you for the first time.A)to meetB)meetingC)to have metD)having to be meeting44.Cancellation of the flight ________ many passengersto spend the night at theairport.A)resultedB)obligedC)demandedD)recommended45.That young man still denies ________ the fire behind the store.A)startB)to startC)having startedD)to have started46.________ in a recent science competition, the three students were awardedscholarships totaling $21,000.A)Judged the bestB)Judging the bestC)To be judged the bestD)Having judged the best47.Without proper lessons, you could ________ a lot of bad habits when playingthe piano.A)keep upB)pick upC)draw upD)catch up48.Everything we eat and drink contains some salt; we can meet the body’s need forit from natural sources without turning ________ the salt bottle.A)upB)toC)onD)over49.He always did well at school ________ having to do part-time jobs every nowand then.A)in spite ofB)regardless ofC)on account ofD)to case of50.________ receiving financial support from family, community or the governmentis allowed, it is never admired.A)AsB)OnceC)AlthoughD)Lest51.All the key words in the article are printed in ________ type so as to attract readers’attention.A)darkB)denseC)blackD)bold52.The basic features of the communication process are identified in one question:Who says ________ through what channel to whom?A)howB)whenC)whatD)such53.I didn’t________ to take a taxi but I had to as I was late.A)assumeB)supposeC)meanD)hope54.The hours ________ the children spend in their one-way relationship withtelevision people undoubtedly affect their relationships with real-life people.A)in whichB)on whichC)whenD)that55.I’d rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than ________ a room withsomeone else.A)shareB)to shareC)sharingD)to have shared56.In Disneyland every year, some 800,000 plants are replaced because Disneyrefused to ________ signs asking his“guests”not to step on them.A)put downB)put outC)put upD)put off57.________ difficulties we may come across, we’ll help one another to overcomethem.A)WhereverB)WhateverC)HoweverD)Whenever58.So many directors ________, the board meeting had to be put off.A)were absentB)been absentC)had been absentD)being absent59. On New Year ’s Eve, New York City holds an outdoor ________ which attracts acrowd of a million or more people.A)incidentB)eventC)caseD)affair60.American football and baseball are becoming known to the British publicthrough televised ________ from the United States.A)transferB)deliveriesC)transportationD)transmissions61.He will surely finished the job on time ________ he’s left to do it in his own way.A)in thatB)so long asC)in caseD)as far as62.If this kind of fish becomes ________, future generations may never taste it at all.A)minimumB)shortC)seldomD)scarce63.The bank is reported in the local newspaper ________ in broad daylight yesterday.A)being robbedB)having been robbedC)to have been robbedD)robbed64.Agriculture was a step in human progress ________ which subsequently therewas not anything comparable until our own machine age.A)inB)forC)toD)from65.The same factors push wages and prices up together, the one ________ the other.A)emphasizingB)reinforcingC)multiplyingD)increasing66.No one had told Smith about ________ a lecture the following day.A)there beingB)there beC)there would beD)there was67.Operations which left patients ________ and in need of long periods of recoverytime now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable.A)exhaustedB)abandonedC)injuredD)deserted68.I was halfway back to the cottage where my mother lived ________ Susancaught up with me.A)whenB)whileC)untilD)though69.________ the temperature falling so rapidly, we couldn’tgo on with the experiment.A)SinceB)ForC)AsD)With70.The bed has been ________ in the family. It was my great-grandmother’s originally.A)handed outB)handed overC)handed downD)handed roundPart IV Cloze (15 minutes)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. Youshould choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.For the past two years, I have been working on students ’evaluation of classroom teaching. I have kept a record of informal conversations __71__ some 300 students from at __72__ twenty-one colleges and universities. The students were generally __73__ and direct in their comments __74__ how course work could be better __75__. Most of their remarks were kindly __76__— with tolerance rather than bitterness—and frequently were softened by the __77__ that the students were speaking __78__ some, not all, instructors. Nevertheless, __79__ the following suggestions and comments indicate, students feel__80__ with things-as-they-are in the classroom.Professors should be __81__ from reading lecture notes. “It makes their __82__monotonous(单调的 ).”If they are going to read, why not __83__ out copies of the lecture? Then we__84__ need to go to class. Professors should __85__ repeating in lectures material that is in the text-book. “__86__ we’ve read the material, we want to __87__ it or hear it elaborated on, __88__ repeated”“.A lot of students hate to buy a __89__ text that the professor has written __90__ to have his lectures repeat ”it.71.A) involvingB)countingC)coveringD)figuring72.A) bestB)leastC)lengthD)large73.A) reservedB)hard-workingC)politeD)frank74.A) overB)atC)onD)of75.A) presentedB)submittedC)describedD)written76.A) receivedB)addressedC)madeD)taken77.A) occasionB)truthC)caseD)fact78.A) onB)aboutC)atD)with79.A) thoughB)whetherC)asD)if80.A) dissatisfiedB)unsatisfactoryC)satisfiedD)satisfactory81.A) interferedB)interruptedC)discouragedD)disturbed82.A) voicesB)soundsC)pronunciationD)gestures83.A) holdB)leaveC)dropD)give84.A) couldn’tB)wouldn ’tC)mustn’tD)shouldn’t85.A) refuseB)prohibitC)preventD)avoid86.A) OnceB)UntilC)HoweverD)Unless87.A) rememberB)argueC)discussD)keep88.A) yetB)notC)andD)or89.A) desiredB)revisedC)requiredD)deserved90.A) aboutB)howC)butD)onlyPart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic How to Succeed in a Job Interview?You should write at least 100words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:1.面在求程中的作用2.取得面成功的因素：表、止吐、能力、知、自信、事求是⋯How to Succeed in a Job Interview?2001 年 1 月四级参考答案19/372001 年 1 月四级参考答案Part I1.B2.C3.B4.C5.D6.A7.B8.A9.D10.C11.D12.C13.A14.D15.C16.A17.B18.B19.D20.APart II21.A22.C23.B24.D25.C26.B27.D28.D29.C30.A31.B32.A33.C34.B35.C36.D37.A38.B39.D40.CPart II41.D42.A43.B44.B45.C46.A47.B48.B49.A50.C51.D52.C53.C54.D55.A56.C57.B58.D59.B60.D61.B62.D63.C64.C65.B66.A67.A68.A69.D70.CPart IV71.A72.B73.D74.C75.A76.C77.D78.B79.B80.A81.C82.A83.D84.B85.D86.A87.C88.B89.C90.D81.C82.A83.D84.B85.D86.A87.C88.B89.C90.D大家网，原创精品中心！更多精品持续发布中！2001 年 6 月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷20/37 2001 年 6 月大学英语四级 (CET-4) 真题试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the question will be spoken only once. After eachquestion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the center.Example:You will hear:You will read:A)At the office.B)In the waiting room.C)At the airport.D)In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore, A) “At the office ”is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1.A) A math teacher and his colleague.B)A teacher and his student.C)A librarian and a student.D)A student and his classmate.2.A) Tony thought the experiment was well done.B)Tony finished the experiment last night.C)Tony could not continue the experiment.D)Tony had expected the experiment to be easier.3.A) She wants to save money to buy a piano.B)The present apartment is too expensive.C)She can’tput up with the noise.D)She had found a job in a neighbouring area.4.A) He has made great progress in his English.B)He is not very interested in English songs.C)He is a student of the music department.D)He is not very enthusiastic about his English lessons.5.A) In a car.B)On the street.C)In a restaurant.D)At home.6.A) His injury kept him at home.B)He was too weak to see the doctor.C)He didn’tthink it necessary.D)He failed to make an appointment.7.A) 5:10.B)5:00.C)4:30.D)5:15.8.A) The man is talking with his boss.B)The man needs help.C)The man is complaining.D)The man likes his job.9.A) Wear a new dress.B)Attend a party.C)Go shopping.D)Make a silk dress.10.A) He exaggerated his part.B)He played his part quite well.C)He was not dramatic enough.D)He performed better than the secretary.Section B Compound DictationDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is。

1990年1月英语四级真题及答案Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each questionthere will be pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices markedA), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a line through the centre.Example:You will hear:You will read:A) At the office.B) In the waiting room.C) At the airport.D) In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office. There fore, A) “At the office” is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) The man wants to go to Los Angeles.B) The man wants to go to San Francisco.C) There are no flights to Los Angeles for the rest of the day.D) There are two direct flights to Los Angeles within the next two hours.2. A) He enjoys writing home every week.B) He never fails to write a weekly letter home.C) He doesn’t write home once a week now.D) He has been asked to write home every week.3. A) Because she has got an appointment.B) Because she doesn’t want to.C) Because she has to work.D) Because she wants to eat in a new restaurant.4. A) The teacher postponed the meeting.B) There won’t be a test this afternoon.C) The students will be attending the meeting.D) The students will take an English test this afternoon.5. A) On the whole, she liked the film.B) She didn’t see the film.C) The film was very exciting.D) The film wasn’t as good as she’d expected.6. A) Around 5:00.B) Around 3:00.C) At 2:00.D) At 1:00.7. A) He had to work overtime.B) He was held up in traffic.C) His car ran out of gas.D) He had a traffic accident.8. A) John Smith isn’t in right now.B) John Smith can’t come to the phone right now.C) John Smith doesn’t want to speak to the caller.D) The caller dialed the wrong number.9. A) Yesterday.B) Three days ago.C) Two days ago.D) Early last week.10. A) She got up later than usual.B) The bus was late.C) She forgot she had classes.D) Her clock was slow.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answerfrom the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the correspondingletter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) 4,000 years ago.B) 3,000 years ago.C) 2,000 years ago.D) 1,000 years ago.12. A) The small bowl was put above the large bowl.B) The large bowl was put above the small bowl.C) The small bowl was put inside the large bowl.D) The large bowl consisted of two equal parts.13. A) Horsemen.B) Brass doors.C) Drops of water.D) Metal balls.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) They are the most attractive women in Britain.B) They are the most popular film stars.C) They are the first women news announcers on British television.D) They appear almost every night in TV plays.15. A) At 10 in the evening.B) At 9 in the evening.C) At 9 in the morning.D) At 10 in the morning.16. A) People still talk a lot about it.B) Fewer people watched Susan’s programme from then on.C) Anna’s photographs appeared frequently in newspapers.D) The number of viewers of her programme that day increased by millions.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) It is completely flat.B) It has few rivers.C) It has many large lakes.D) It is hilly.18. A) The soil has been overworked.B) The climate is cold.C) The weather is too dry.D) The soil is sandy.19. A) By raising cattle.B) By working on farms.C) By working in factories.D) By raising sheep.20. A) At school.B) From their parents.C) From books.D) In factories.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and markthe corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line throughthe centre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Oceanography has been defined as “The application of all sciences to the study of the sea”.Before the nineteen century, scientists with an interest in the sea were few and far between. Certainly Newton considered some theoretical aspects of it in his writings, but he was reluctant to go to sea to further his work.For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to askmany questions about it, let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface. The first time that question “What is at the bottom of the oceans?” had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed. The engineers had to know the depth profile (起伏形状) of the route to estimate the length of cable that had to be manufactured.It was to Maury of the US Navy that the Atlantic Telegraph Company turned, in 1853, for information on this matter. In the 1840s, Maury had been responsible for encouraging voyages during which soundings (测声) were taken to investigate the depths of the North Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Later, some of his findings aroused much popular interest in his book The Physical Geography of the Sea.The cable was laid, but not until 1866 was the connection made permanent and reliable. At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths, a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea.Within a few years oceanography was under way. In 1872 Thomson led a scientific expedition (考察), which lasted for four years and brought home thousands of samples from the sea. Their classification and analysis occupied scientists for years and led to a five-volume report, the last volume being published in 1895.21. The proposal to lay a telegraph cable from Europe to America made oceanographicstudies take on ________.A) an academic aspectB) a military aspectC) a business aspectD) an international aspect22. It was ________ that asked Maury for help in oceanographic studies.A) the American NavyB) some early intercontinental travelersC) those who earned a living from the seaD) the company which proposed to lay an undersea cable23. The aim of the voyages Maury was responsible for in the 1840s was ________.A) to make some sounding experiments in the oceansB) to collect samples of sea plants and animalsC) to estimate the length of cable that was neededD) to measure the depths of the two oceans24. “Defied” in the 5th paragraph probably means “________”.A) doubtedB) gave proof toC) challengedD) agreed to25. This passage is mainly about ________.A) the beginnings of oceanographyB) the laying of the first undersea cableC) the investigation of ocean depthsD) the early intercontinental communicationsPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Normally a student must attend a certain number of courses in order to graduate, and each course which he attends gives him a credit which he may count towards a degree. In many American universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty-six courses each lasting for one semester. A typical course consists of three classes per week for fifteen weeks; while attending a university a student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester. Normally a student would expect to take four years attending two semesters each year. It is possible to spread the period of work for the degree over a longer period. It is also possible for a student to move between one university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular practice.For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is available for the student to show to prospective employers. All this imposes a constant pressure and strain of work, but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs. Elections to positions in student organizations arouse much enthusiasm. The effective word of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities. Any student who is thought to have broken the rules, for example, by cheating has to appear before a student court. With the enormous numbers of students, the operation of the system does involve a certain amount of activity. A student who has held one of these positions of authority is much respected and it will be of benefit to him later in his career.26. Normally a student would at least attend ________ classes each week.A) 36B) 20C) 12D) 1527. According to the first paragraph an American student is allowed ________.A) to live in a different universityB) to take a particular course in a different universityC) to live at home and drive to classesD) to get two degrees from two different universities28. American university students are usually under pressure of work because ________.A) their academic performance will affect their future careersB) they are heavily involved in student affairsC) they have to observe university disciplineD) they want to run for positions of authority29. Some students are enthusiastic for positions in student organizations probablybecause ________.A) they hate the constant pressure strain of their studyB) they will then be able to stay longer in the universityC) such positions help them get better jobsD) such positions are usually well paid30. The student organizations seem, to be effective in ________.A) dealing with the academic affairs of the universityB) ensuring that the students observe university regulationsC) evaluating students’ performance by bringing them before a courtD) keeping up the students’ enthusiasm for social activitiesPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it’s painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you’re “hot”. That’s true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the afternoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues (自言自语) as: “Get up, John! You’ll be late for work again!” The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has. You can’t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you’re sleepy in the eveningbut feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract (对抗) your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If our energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won’t change your cycle, but you’ll get up steam (鼓起干劲) and work better at your low point.Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.31. If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably ________.A) he is a lazy personB) he refuses to follow his own energy cycleC) he is not sure when his energy is lowD) he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening32. Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?A) Unawareness of energy cycles.B) Familiar monologues.C) A change in a family member’s energy cycle.D) Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members.33. If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should________.A) change his energy cycleB) overcome his lazinessC) get up earlier than usualD) go to bed earlier34. You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will ________.A) help to keep your energy for the day’s workB) help you to control your temper early in the dayC) enable you to concentrate on your routine workD) keep your energy cycle under control all day35. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?A) Getting off to work wit a minimum effort helps save one’s energy.B) Dr. Kleitman explains why people reach their peaks at different hours of day.C) Habit helps a person adapt to his own energy cycle.D) Children have energy cycles, too.Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming (把…按能力分班) pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade!Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to co-operate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher.Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can do advanced work: it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal.36. In the passage the author’s attitude towards “mixed-ability teaching” is________.A) criticalB) questioningC) approvingD) objective37. By “held back” (Line 1) the author means “________”A) made to remain in the same classesB) forced to study I the lower classesC) drawn to their studiesD) prevented from advancing38. The author argues that a teacher’s chief concern should be the development of thestudent’s ________.A) personal qualities and social skillsB) total personalityC) learning ability and communicative skillsD) intellectual ability39. Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED in the third paragraph?A) Group work gives pupils the opportunity to learn to work together with other.B) Pupils also learn to develop their reasoning abilities.C) Group work provides pupils with the opportunity to learn to be capableorganizers.D) Pupils also learn how to participate in teaching activities.40. The author’s purpose in writing this passage is to ________.A) argue for teaching bright and not-so-bright pupils in the same classB) recommend pair work and group work for classroom activitiesC) offer advice on the proper use of the libraryD) emphasize the importance of appropriate formal classroom teachingPart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four Choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that bestcompletes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single time through the centre.41. The bridge was named ________ the hero who gave his life for the cause of the people.A) afterB) withC) byD) from42. There were no tickets ________ for Friday’s performance.A) preferableB) considerableC) possibleD) available43. It wasn’t such a good dinner ________ she had promised us.A) thatB) whichC) asD) what44. They decided to chase the cow away ________ it did more damage.A) unlessB) untilC) beforeD) although45. ________ student with a little common sense should be able to answer the question.A) EachB) AnyC) EitherD) One46. All ________ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.A) what is neededB) for our needsC) the thing neededD) that is needed47. ________ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem highat all.A) When comparedB) CompareC) While comparingD) Comparing48. ________ she first heard of the man referred to as a specialist.A) That was from StephenB) It was Stephen whomC) It was from Stephen thatD) It was Stephen that49. If these shoes are too big, ask the clerk to bring you a smaller ________.A) suitB) setC) oneD) pair50. Many new ________ will be opened up in the future for those with a universityeducation.A) opportunitiesB) necessitiesC) realitiesD) probabilities51. He must have had an accident, or he ________ then.A) would have been hereB) had to be hereC) should be hereD) would be here52. It was essential that the application forms ________ back before the deadline (截止日期).A) must be sentB) would be sentC) be sentD) were sent53. We ________ our breakfast when an old man came to the door.A) just have hadB) have just hadC) just hadD) had just had54. The rain was heavy and ________ the land was flooded.A) consequentlyB) continuouslyC) constantlyD) consistently55. The children went there to watch the iron tower ________.A) to erectB) be erectedC) erectingD) being erected56. The engine ________ smoke and steam.A) gives upB) gives inC) gives awayD) gives off57. The manager promised to keep me ________ of how our business was going on.A) to be informedB) on informingC) informedD) informing58. Don’t ________ this news to the public until we give you the go-ahead.A) releaseB) relieveC) relateD) retain59. She never laughed, ________ lost her temper.A) or she ever didB) nor did she everC) or did she everD) nor she ever did60. The goals ________ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.A) after whichB) for whichC) with whichD) at which61. I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and ________ in a quietneighborhood.A) all in allB) above allC) after allD) over all62. ________ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.A) For nowB) Now thatC) Ever sinceD) By now63. What you have done i s ________ the doctor’s orders.A) attached toB) responsible toC) resistant toD) contrary to64. John regretted ________ to the meeting last week.A) not goingB) not to goC) not having been goingD) not to be going65. They ________ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.A) carried outB) carried offC) carried onD) carried forward66. Mrs. Brown is supposed ________ for Italy last week.A) to have leftB) to be leavingC) to leaveD) to have been left67. My camera can be ________ to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions.A) treatedB) adjustedC) adoptedD) remedied68. A new technique ________, the yields as a whole increased by 20 per cent.A) wording outB) having worded outC) having been worded outD) to have been worded out69. Children who are over-protected by their parents may become ________.A) hurtB) damagedC) spoiledD) harmed70. When Mr. Jones gets old, he will ________ over his business to his son.A) takeB) handC) thinkD) getPart IV Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You shouldchoose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the correspondingletter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.The United States is well-known for its network of major highways designed to help a driver get from one place to another in the shortest possible time. __71__ these wide modern Roads are generally __72__ and well maintained, with __73__ sharp curves and many straight __74__, a direct route is not always the most __75__ one. Large highways often pass __76__ scenic areas and interesting small towns. Furthermore, these highways generally __77__ large urban centres which means that they become crowded with __78__ traffic during rush hours, __79__ the “fast, direct” way becomes a very slow route.However, there is __80__ always another route to take __81__ you are not in a hurry. Not far from the __82__ new “superhighways”, there are often older, __83__ heavily traveled roads which go through the countryside. __84__ of these are good two-lane (双车道) roads; others are uneven roads __85__ through the country. These secondary routes may go up steep slopes, along high __86__, or down frightening hillsides to towns __87__ in deep valleys. Through these less direct routes, longer and slower, they generally go to places __88__ the air is clean and the scenery (风景) is beautiful, and the driver may have a __89__ to get a fresh, clean __90__ of the world.71. A) AlthoughB) BecauseC) SinceD) Therefore72. A) stableB) splendidC) smoothD) complicated73. A) littleB) fewC) muchD) many74. A) selectionsB) separationsC) seriesD) sections75. A) terribleB) possibleC) enjoyableD) profitable76. A) toB) intoC) overD) by77. A) leadB) connectC) collectD) communicate78. A) largeB) fastC) light79. A) whenB) forC) butD) that80. A) yetB) stillC) almostD) quite81. A) unlessB) ifC) asD) since82. A) relativelyB) regularlyC) respectivelyD) reasonably83. A) andB) lessC) moreD) or84. A) AllB) SeveralC) LotsD) or85. A) drivingB) crossingC) curvingD) traveling86. A) rocksB) cliffsD) paths87. A) lyingB) layingC) laidD) lied88. A) thereB) whenC) whichD) where89. A) spaceB) periodC) chanceD) spot90. A) viewB) varietyC) visitD) virtuePart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition about What Would Happen If There Were No Power in three paragraphs. You are given thefirst sentence or part of the first sentence of each paragraph. Your partof the composition should be no less than 100 words, not including the wordsgiven. Remember to write clearly. You should write this composition on theComposition Sheet.1. Ever since early this century, electricity has become an essential part of ourmodern life.2. If there were no electric power.3. Therefore.1990年1月四级参考答案Part IPart IIPart IIIPart IV。