selenium模拟移动设备(iosandroidetc)浏览器

文章标题：探秘：Selenium 反爬虫高级用法一、引言在当今信息爆炸的时代，网络信息获取已经成为人们日常生活和工作中不可或缺的一部分。

然而，随之而来的反爬虫技术也日益复杂与普及。

针对这一问题，Selenium作为广受欢迎的自动化测试工具，也被越来越多的人使用于网络爬虫的应用中，而且针对反爬虫技术的应对也显得尤为重要。

二、Selenium 的基本用法回顾让我们回顾一下Selenium的基本用法。

Selenium是一个自动化测试工具，它可以模拟用户在浏览器上的操作，比如点击按钮、输入文本等，这使得它在网络爬虫中的应用非常广泛。

Selenium还支持多种浏览器，如Chrome、Firefox、Edge等，这为用户提供了更多的选择空间。

三、Selenium 反爬虫高级用法的探讨1. 动态加载页面的处理动态加载页面是当前全球信息湾常见的一种反爬虫手段。

Selenium可以通过模拟用户的操作，等待页面元素加载完成后再进行操作，从而有效应对动态加载页面的反爬虫技术。

2. 验证码的处理验证码是全球信息湾常用的反爬虫手段之一。

Selenium可以通过自动识别验证码的方式，进一步提高爬虫的成功率。

也可以通过模拟鼠标操作，来应对一些需要滑动验证的全球信息湾。

3. 请求头和IP的伪装为了防止被识别出为爬虫，Selenium还可以定制请求头和IP，让全球信息湾认为是一个普通的用户在访问，从而避免被封禁。

四、个人观点和理解在我看来，Selenium作为一款强大的自动化测试工具，其在反爬虫中的应用势必会越来越广泛。

而针对反爬虫技术的不断升级，我们也需要不断探索和学习，以更好地应对各种挑战。

五、总结通过本文的探讨，我们不仅对Selenium的基本用法进行了回顾，还深入探讨了其在反爬虫领域的高级用法。

在未来的网络爬虫应用中，我相信Selenium会发挥越来越重要的作用，成为我们应对反爬虫技术的得力助手。

六、结语在不断发展和创新的信息时代，网络爬虫技术必将发展得更加成熟和多样化。

使用Appium进行iOS自动化测试在当今的互联网时代，移动应用软件的发展迅猛，随之而来的是对移动端自动化测试的需求不断增长。

而在移动自动化测试中，Appium是一款功能强大的开源自动化测试框架，它普遍被广大开发者和测试人员使用。

本文将为您详细介绍如何使用Appium进行iOS自动化测试。

一、Appium简介Appium是一种自动化测试框架，其主要功能是在多个平台上测试移动应用和移动浏览器，包括Android和iOS。

Appium使用WebDriver协议自动化独立移动应用程序。

简单来说，Appium就是一款工具，可以帮助测试人员通过自动化脚本来测试手机或平板电脑上运行的应用程序。

Appium模拟用户对应用程序进行的交互，测试人员可以通过这种方式来确定应用程序是否正常运行。

二、Appium的安装在开始使用Appium之前，你需要确保你的电脑上已经安装Node.js。

Node.js将会帮助你执行Appium Server的实例并且能够使你使用Appium。

1、安装Appium```$ npm install -g appium```2、启动Appium```$ appium```启动Appium服务器实例后，你就可以开始使用Appium来测试你的应用程序。

三、使用Appium进行iOS自动化测试Appium的iOS测试需要使用Xcode或者Appium自带的WebDriverAgent来构建APP。

这里我们以Xcode为例，介绍Appium进行iOS自动化测试的流程。

1、在Xcode中创建一个新项目，并通过Xcode将此项目部署到设备上。

2、在Appium的图形用户界面（GUI）中添加一个新的iOS测试。

3、配置测试参数，如App路径、Bundle ID、平台版本等。

4、编写测试用例并运行测试。

在测试用例中，你可以使用各种方法来模拟用户的交互操作，如点击按钮、输入文本、滑动屏幕等。

以下是一个简单的测试用例：```pythonfrom appium import webdriverdesired_caps = {'platformName': 'iOS','platformVersion': '14.4','deviceName': 'iPhone 12','app': '/path/to/your/app.app','automationName': 'XCUITest'}driver = webdriver.Remote('http://localhost:4723/wd/hub', desired_caps)el = driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id('user_name_field') el.send_keys('username')el = driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id('password_field') el.send_keys('password')el = driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id('login_button')el.click()driver.quit()```此测试用例会启动一个模拟器或者iOS设备，找到一个名为`user_name_field`的输入框，输入用户名`username`，找到一个名为`password_field`的输入框，输入密码`password`，再找到一个名为`login_button`的按钮，单击它来登录。

Selenium模拟浏览器Python爬虫指南Selenium模拟浏览器Python爬虫指南 (1)1. 什么是Selenium (2)2. Selenium爬虫优劣势分析 (2)2.1 优势 (2)2.2 劣势 (2)3. 安装Selenium模块及浏览器驱动配置 (3)3.1 Windows系统安装Selenium (3)3.2 Linux系统安装Selenium (3)3.3 配置浏览器驱动 (3)4. Selenium爬虫框架 (4)4.1 常用页面定位方法 (4)4.1 基础框架 (5)4.2 通用模板 (6)1. 什么是SeleniumSelenium是一套完整的Web应用程序测试系统，它包含了测试的录制、编写及运行和测试的并行处理。

支持的浏览器包括IE（7, 8, 9, 10, 11），Mozilla Firefox，Safari，Google Chrome，Opera等。

完全有JavaScript编写，因此可以运行于任何支持JavaScript的浏览器上。

2. Selenium爬虫优劣势分析2.1 优势不需要做复杂的抓包、构造请求、解析数据等，开发难度相对要低一些。

其访问参数跟使用浏览器的正常用户一模一样，访问行为也相对更像正常用户，不容易被反爬虫策略命中。

在需要模拟用户登录、浏览器滑动或点击时，使用Selenium执行js语句非常容易实现，比较适合动态网页的信息爬取。

2.2 劣势相比于抓包→构造请求→解析返回值的爬虫，由于Selenium需要生成一个浏览器环境，所有操作（与元素交互、获取元素内容等）均需要等待页面加载完毕后才可以继续进行，所以速度相比构造请求的慢很多。

如果是爬取静态网页，不建议使用Selenium，原因是速度太慢，效率太低。

建议使用其他爬虫工具，比如Scrapy。

3. 安装Selenium模块及浏览器驱动配置3.1 Windows系统安装Selenium第一步：安装配置Python环境，并安装pip组件。

如何用Selenium的AndroidDriver在Andrioid模拟器上进行自动化测试分类：QA and Testing Mobile 2012-05-02 17:04 24人阅读评论(0) 收藏举报How to run automation on Android emulator1. Setup Android emulatora. Download the Android SDK/sdk/index.htmlNote that there is an emulator bug on Gingerbread((2.3.x) that might cause WebDriver to crash. My testing is on Ice Cream Sandwich (4.0.x)b. Install Android SDK:/sdk/installing.htmlc. Start Android SDK Manager (SDK Manager.exe)d. Select and install Package onlinee. Start AVD Manager.exef. Create an emulator2. Install the AndroidDriver APK by using platform-toolsa. list divce name:adb devicesb. download AndroidDriver APK:/p/selenium/downloads/listc. install AndroidDriver APK：adb -s emulator-5554 -e install -r c:\android-server-2.21.0.apkd. start the Android WebDriver applicationadb -s emulator-5554 shell am start -a android.intent.action.MAIN -n org.openqa.selenium.android.app/.MainActivitye. setup the port forwarding in order to forward traffic from the host machine to the emulatoradb -s emulator-5554 forward tcp:8080 tcp:80803. Create test case and running:import junit.framework.TestCase;import org.openqa.selenium.By;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;import org.openqa.selenium.android.AndroidDriver;public class OneTest extends TestCase {public void testGoogle() throws Exception {WebDriver driver = new AndroidDriver();// And now use this to visit Googledriver.get("");// Find the text input element by its nameWebElement element = driver.findElement(("q"));// Enter something to search forelement.sendKeys("Cheese!");// Now submit the form. WebDriver will find the form for us from the elementelement.submit();// Check the title of the pageSystem.out.println("Page title is: " + driver.getTitle());driver.quit();}}IntroductionAndroid WebDriver allows to run automated end-to-end tests that ensure your site works correctly when viewed from the Android browser. Android WebDriver supports all core WebDriver APIs, and in addition to that it supports mobile spacific and HTML5 APIs. Android WebDriver models many user interactions such as finger taps, flicks, finger scrolls and long presses. It can rotate the display and interact with HTML5 features such as local storage, session storage and application cache.We try to stay as close as possible to what the user interaction with the browser is. To do so, Android WebDriver runs the tests against a WebView (rendering component used by the Android browser) configured like the Android browser. To interact with the page Android WebDriver uses native touch and key events. To query the DOM, it uses the JavaScript Atoms libraries.Supported PlatformsThe current apk will only work with Gingerbread (2.3.x), Honeycomb (3.x), Ice Cream Sandwich (4.0.x) and later.o Note that there is an emulator bug on Gingerbread that might causeWebDriver to crash.∙The last version to support Froyo (2.2) is 2.16.Useful Related Links∙Android WebDriver on Android Blog∙Android WebDriver on Google Open Source BlogGet StartedInstall the Android SDKDownload the Android SDK, and unpack it to ~/android_sdk/. NOTE: The location of the Android SDK must exist in ../android_sdk, relative to the directory containing the Selenium repository.Setup the EnvironmentAndroid WebDriver test can run on emulators or real devices for phone and tablets.Setup the EmulatorTo create an emulator, you can use the graphical interface provided by the Android SDK, or the command line. Below are instructions for using the command line.First, let's create an Android Virtual Device (AVD):$cd ~/android_sdk/tools/$./android create avd -n my_android -t 12-c 100M-n: specifies the name of the AVD.-t: specifies the platform target. For an exhaustive list of targets, run:./android list targetsMake sure the target level you selected corresponds to a supported SDK platform.-c: specifies the SD card storage space.When prompted "Do you wish to create a custom hardware profile [no]" enter "no".Note: An Android emulator bug prevents WebDriver from running on emulators on platforms 2.3 (Gingerbread). Please refer to AndroidDriver#Supported_Platforms formore informationNow, start the emulator. This can take a while, but take a look at the FAQ below for tips on how to improve performance of the emulator.$./emulator -avd my_android &Setup the DeviceSimply connect your Android device through USB to your machine.Now that we're done with the test environment setup, let's take a look at how to write tests. There are two options available to you to run Android WebDriver tests:∙Using the remote WebDriver server∙Using the Android test frameworkUsing the Remote ServerThis approach has a client and a server component. The client consists of your typical Junit tests that you can run from your favorite IDE or through the command line. The server is an Android application that contains an HTTP server. When you run the tests, each WebDriver command will make a RESTful HTTP request to the server using JSON according to a well defined protocol. The remote server will delegate the request to Android WebDriver, and will then return a response.Install the WebDriver APKEvery device or emulator has a serial ID. Run this command to get the serial ID of the device or emulator you want to use:$~/android_sdk/platform-tools/adb devicesDownload the Android server from our downloads page. To install the application do:$./adb -s <serialId>-e install -r android-server.apkMake sure you are allowing installation of application not coming from Android Market. Go to Settings -> Applications, and check "Unknown Sources".Start the Android WebDriver application through the UI of the device or by running this command:$./adb -s <serialId>shell am start -a android.intent.action.MAIN -n org.openqa.selenium.android.app/.MainActivityYou can start the application in debug mode, which has more verbose logs by doing:$./adb -s <serialId>shell am start -a android.intent.action.MAIN -n org.openqa.selenium.android.app/.MainActivity-e debug trueNow we need to setup the port forwarding in order to forward traffic from the host machine to the emulator. In a terminal type:$./adb -s <serialId> forward tcp:8080 tcp:8080This will make the android server available at http://localhost:8080/wd/hub from the host machine. You're now ready to run the tests. Let's take a look at some code.Run the Testsimport junit.framework.TestCase;import org.openqa.selenium.By;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;import org.openqa.selenium.android.AndroidDriver;public class OneTest extends TestCase{public void testGoogle()throws Exception{WebDriver driver =new AndroidDriver();// And now use this to visit Googledriver.get("");// Find the text input element by its nameWebElement element = driver.findElement(("q"));// Enter something to search forelement.sendKeys("Cheese!");// Now submit the form. WebDriver will find the form for us from the element element.submit();// Check the title of the pageSystem.out.println("Page title is: "+ driver.getTitle());driver.quit();}}To compile and run this example you will need the selenium-java-X.zip (client side piece of selenium). Download the selenium-java-X.zip from our download page, unzip and include all jars in your IDE project. For Eclipse, right click on project -> Build Path -> Configure Build Path -> Libraries -> Add External Jars.Using the Android Test FrameworkThis approach runs the tests directly on the device using the Android test framework.You first need to download Android WebDriver, which is an SDK extra. Open the Android SDK manager and select: Available packages → Extras → Google → WebDriver. Once the SDK manager has downloaded WebDriver, the jars will be under the directory android_sdk/extras/google/webdriver/ . In the same directory you will also find sample code containing and Android project named "SimpleApp" and an Android test project called "TestAnAndroidWebApp".The SimpleApp project, contains an activity with no layout:public class SimpleAppActivity extends Activity{@Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);}}The reason the activity does not have any layout is because Android WebDriver will create the WebView and automatically set the layout in that activity.The TestAnAndroidWebApp is an Android test project which contains a simple test that open , makes a search and validates that the result page's title contains the word "Google". Let's take a look at the code.We instantiate the driver by passing the activity in which the WebView will run.WebDriver driver =new AndroidWebDriver(getActivity());Then we use the driver in a test to drive the web application.public void testGoogleWorks(){// Loads driver.get("");// Lookup the search box on the page by it's HTML name propertyWebElement searchBox = driver.findElement(("q"));// Enter keys in the search boxsearchBox.sendKeys("Android Rocks!");// Hit entersearchBox.submit();// Ensure the title contains "Google"assertTrue(driver.getTitle().contains("Google"));// Ensure that there is at least one link with the keyword "Android" assertTrue(driver.findElements(By.partialLinkText("Android")).siz e()>1);}Here a are some instructions to help you setup you project.Configuring from an Eclipse ProjectIf you are using Eclipse, first make sure that the Eclipse ADT plugin is installed .1. Open Eclipse2. Right click on the Android Test project → Build Path → Configure Build Path... →Libraries → Add External Jars3. Select the android_webdriver_library.jarIf you would like to step in the code for debugging or see the javadoc from Eclipse, it’s recommended you link the sources as well.1. Open the Referenced Libraries2. Right click on android_webdriver_library.jar → Properties → Java Sourc e Attachment3. Select android_webdriver_library-srcs.jarLet's import the examples and run the sample code:1. Open Eclipse2. File → Import... → General → Existing Projects into Workspace3. Select the directory your_android_sdk/extras/google/webdriver which containsSimpleApp and TestAnAndroidWebApp projects.4. Right click on TestAnAndroidWebApp → Run As → Android JUnit TestYou will see the tests executing on your device or emulator.Configuring command line managed projectsIf you are managing you project from the command line, copy android_webdriver_library.jar under the /libs directory of your Android test project. First we need to build and install the SimpleApp application.$ cd SimpleApp$ adb update project$ ant debug$ adb install bin/SimpleAppActivity-debug.apkThen let's build and install the test application:$ cd TestAnAndroidWebApp$ adb update test project$ ant debug$ adb install bin/TestAnAndroidWebApp-debug.apkNow we can run the tests! Execute the following command to see your tests running:$ adb shell am instrument -w simple.app.test/android.test.InstrumentationTestRunnerAndroid WebDriver requires the following permissions in the application's manifest file to work properly:∙android.permission.INTERNET∙android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE∙android.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS∙android.permission.WAKE_LOCK∙android.permission.CLEAR_APP_CACHE∙android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION∙android.permission.ACCESS_MOCK_LOCATION∙android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION∙android.permission.ACCESS_LOCATION_EXTRA_COMMANDS∙android.permission.CHANGE_CONFIGURATION∙android.permission.SET_DEBUG_APP∙android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE∙android.permission.WRITE_APN_SETTINGSGet InvolvedWant to fix a bug? Add a feature? Or simply play with the code? Here is a quick tutorial to help you get started with Android WebDriver.∙Check out the code:$ svn checkout https:///svn/trunk/ webdriver$ cd webdriverEdit the properties.yml file to reflect the location of your Android SDK, and set the platform target you want to use. If you want a list of all available target, execute the following command:./android list targetsOn Linux, android SDK is distributed for 32-bits machine. If you have a 64-bit machine you will need to install ia32-libs /sdk/installing.html#troubleshootingBuild the Android WebDriver CodeAndroid WebDriver consists of 3 parts. The client and the server used to run Android WebDriver tests remotely, and a library. The library does most of the real work and is used by Android WebDriver to control the WebView. The server piece simply wraps the library in an Android application together with the HTTP server.∙To build the library, the client and the server$./go android∙To build the client$./go android_client∙To build the server$./go android_server∙To build the library$./go//android/library/src/java/org/openqa/selenium/android:android_lib rary∙To run the tests$./go test_androidThis command will start the emulator install the Android WebDriver application and start thetests.If the emulator/device screen is locked, simply unlock it to see the tests running.Note that "./go test_android" will fail if there is already an emulator running.Update the Atoms Used by Android WebDriver First let's build all the fragment Android WebDriver uses:./go //javascript/android-driver:atomsThen copy the new AndroidAtoms.java:cp build/javascript/android-driver/AndroidAtoms.java java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/android/library/AndroidAtoms.javaCompile and run the tests to make sure nothing broke! Then make a release of the new APK by following the instructions here.Debug on Android∙Run the testsIt's advised to start your own emulator instance (instructions above), leave the emulator running and run the tests. This will prevent you from paying the cost of starting a new emulator for every test run. To run the tests on an already running emulator:$./go//java/client/test/org/openqa/selenium/android:java-test:run haltonerro r=false haltonfailure=false∙To run one test class only:./go //java/client/test/org/openqa/selenium/android:java-test:run onlyrun=LocalStorageTest haltonerror=false haltonfailure=false∙To run one test method only:./go //java/client/test/org/openqa/selenium/android:java-test:run method=testShouldTreatReadonlyAsAValue∙To access the Android logs (server side logs):$./adb logcatThe Android logcat logs are the most useful piece of information for debugging and fixing an issue. You can also filter the logs by adding "ActivityMAnager:W" for example to the logcat command.∙To access the JS console:- Open the android browser - Type "about:debug" in the address bar, this is a toggle setting that will enable the JS console - Execute Js in the browser by typing javascript:<your JS>, you will see the JS console opening∙View the client side logs:$ls build/test_logs/Make a ReleaseTo release an apk, build the new apk:$ ./go //android:android-serverCheck-in the new prebuilt apk:$ svn ci android/prebuilt/android-server.apkUpload the new APK on the downloads page with the corresponding release notes.FAQMy tests are slow, what can I do?∙Avoid looking up elements by XPath, it is by far more expensive than using IDs or name.∙Keep the same emulator instance for all tests. Starting an Android emulator is an expensive operation which can take up to 2 minute depending on your machinespecifications. Do this once for your entire test suite. If you need a fresh instance ofthe driver call WebDriver.quit() which flushes the WebView cache, cookies, user data, etc.∙Prefer window handles to window names (e.g. String current =driver.getWindowHandle(); driver.switchTo().window(current);). Switching to a window by it's name property is more expensive because it requires injecting Javascript inevery open window to fetch the window's name. While handles are saved in mapwhich provides really fast lookup times.The emulator is too slow to startThe Android emulator can take up to 2 or 3 minutes to start. Consider using the Android snapshot feature, which allows you to start an emulator in less than 2 seconds!You can speed up the tests by disabling animations, audio, skins, and even by running in headless mode. To do so start the emulator with the options --no-boot-anim, --no-audio, --noskin, and --no-window.If you start the emulator with -no-window, you can launch the WebDriver app with this command:$adb shell am start -a android.intent.action.MAIN -n org.openqa.selenium.android.app/.MainActivityOr in debug mode:$adb shell am start -a android.intent.action.MAIN -n org.openqa.selenium.android.app/.MainActivity-e debug trueGeo location does not work∙Remember to set the following settings on your device: Settings -> Applications -> Development -> Check "USB debugging", "Stay Awake" and "Allow mock locations"ADB does not find the emulator or device∙Sometimes there are issues connecting to the device / emulator in which case you can restart adb by doing:$ adb kill-server$ adb start-serverHow to start the HTTP server JettyJetty is started by the Android WebDriver application when launched.I get "Page not Available"Sometimes the Android emulator does not detect the connection of the host machine it runs on. The solution in this case is to restart the emulator.Android WebDriver fails to load HTTPS pagesYou can enable accepting all HTTPS certs by setting a capability as follow:DesiredCapabilities caps =DesiredCapabilities.android();caps.setCapability(CapabilityType.ACCEPT_SSL_CERTS,true);AndroidDriver driver =new AndroidDriver(caps);Can't talk to the emulator or deviceSometimes executing adb commands will fail because the adb server fails to talk to the device or emulator. To fix this kill the adb server and restart it:$adb kill-server$adb start-serverInconsistent certificates when installing the apk You may see the following error when trying to install an apk:Failure[INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_INCONSISTENT_CERTIFICATES]This means that the certificates used to sign the apk are different from the certificate used with the already installed apk. To fix this, unistall the current apk:$adb uninstall org.openqa.selenium.android.app/.MainActivityYou can also uninstall an app manually, by opening the Settings -> Applications -> select WebDriver -> Uninstall.Can't access the Android WebDriver server from another machineIf you want to access the Android WebDriver server from another machine (or an interface which isn't localhost), do the following after doing the port forwarding:# Instal socat, one time setup$sudo apt-get install socat$socat TCP-LISTEN:8081,fork TCP:localhost:8080Now the Android WebDriver server can be accessed from http://hostname:8081/wd/hub from any machine or network interface.X compatibilityNote: The android emulator is not compatible with xvfb, and will not run in it. If you need a headless X environment, run your emulator with the -no-window option, or use tightvncserver./blog/1447389。

selenium 滑动方法Selenium是一个自动化测试工具，它可以模拟用户在浏览器中的操作，包括点击、输入、滑动等。

在实际的测试中，滑动操作是非常常见的，比如在移动端的应用中，用户需要通过滑动来浏览页面或者进行操作。

本文将介绍Selenium中的滑动方法，帮助读者更好地掌握这一技能。

一、Selenium中的滑动方法在Selenium中，有两种滑动方法：滚动条滑动和手势滑动。

下面将分别介绍这两种方法的使用。

1. 滚动条滑动滚动条滑动是指通过控制浏览器的滚动条来实现滑动操作。

在Selenium中，可以通过执行JavaScript代码来控制滚动条的位置。

具体的代码如下：```python# 向下滑动1000个像素js = "window.scrollBy(0,1000)"driver.execute_script(js)```上述代码中，`window.scrollBy(0,1000)`表示将滚动条向下滑动1000个像素。

其中，第一个参数表示水平方向的滑动距离，第二个参数表示垂直方向的滑动距离。

如果要向上滑动，可以将第二个参数改为负数。

除了`window.scrollBy()`方法外，还有其他的滚动条控制方法，比如`window.scrollTo()`和`element.scrollIntoView()`等。

这些方法的具体使用方式可以参考Selenium官方文档。

2. 手势滑动手势滑动是指通过模拟用户手指在屏幕上的滑动来实现滑动操作。

在Selenium中，可以使用`TouchActions`类来模拟手势滑动。

具体的代码如下：```pythonfrom selenium.webdriver import TouchActions# 获取滑动元素element = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@class='scroll-container']")# 创建TouchActions对象actions = TouchActions(driver)# 向下滑动1000个像素actions.scroll_from_element(element, 0, 1000).perform()```上述代码中，`TouchActions`类用于模拟手势滑动操作。

[Selenium]基本使用1. Selenium基础1.1 Selenium简介Selenium是一系列基于Web的自动化测试工具，它提供了一系列测试函数，用于支持Web 自动化测试，它们能够通过多种方式定位界面元素，并将预期结果与系统实际表现进行比较。

Selenium具有以下几个特性:1) 可对多浏览器进行测试，如IE、Firefox、Safari、Chrome、手机浏览器等。

2) 支持多种语言，如Java、C#、Python、Ruby、PHP等。

3) 跨平台，如Windows、Linux、IOS、Android等。

4) 开源免费。

1.2 Selenium工具组Selenium由以下几个工具组成：1) Selenium IDESelenium IDE是一个用于构建脚本的初级工具，它是一个Firefox插件，拥有一个易于使用的界面，拥有录制功能记录用户操作并导出为可重复使用的脚本。

2) Selenium 1Selenium 1(Selenium RC)是Selenium最主要的测试工具之一，它能够通过多种语言编写测试代码，同时能支持几乎所有浏览器的测试。

3) Selenium 2Selenium 2(WebDriver)作为最新版的工具，代表未来Selenium的发展方向，这套全新的自动化测试工具提供了许多功能，包括一套组织性更好、面向对象的API，并克服了在Selenium 1版本中测试的局限性。

4) Selenium GridSelenium Grid能够让Selenium 1的测试在多个不同的环境中运行，也能让测试并行执行。

也就是说，各个测试能够在同一时间、不同机器上运行。

2. Selenium IDE2.1 安装IDESelenium IDE可以从/download/下载，如果当前使用的浏览器是Firefox，Firefox会自动将其识别为Firefox附加组件下载，下载结束后，提示安装组件，如下所示：安装结束后，重启浏览器，就可以在菜单中看到Selenium IDE项。

本文由我司收集整编，推荐下载，如有疑问，请与我司联系python+chrome+Selenium模拟手机浏览器2017/08/25 10 环境安装chrome，F12后有个模拟手机浏览器的功能，如果找不到就自己google下啊 650) this.width=650;” src=“p3.pstatp/large/321200047fc4a3c918b8” alt=“python+chrome+Selenium模拟手机浏览器” /> 下载chromedriver.exe，并放到python的根目录下 实现代码不废话，直接码起来~ #引入必要的包 from selenium import webdriver from time import sleep #设置 mobileEmulation = {‘deviceName’: ‘Apple iPhone 6 Plus’} options = webdriver.ChromeOptions() options.add_experimental_option(‘mobileEmulation’, mobileEmulation) #启动driver driver=webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=‘chromedriver.exe’,chrome_options=options) #访问百度wap页 driver.get(‘m.baidu’) sleep(3) driver.quit() 650) this.width=650;” src=“https://s5.51cto/wyfs02/M01/02/1B/wKiom1mfiVySjbnPAABxC97AzX4121.jpg” title=“微信公众号.jpg” alt=“wKiom1mfiVySjbnPAABxC97AzX4121.jpg” /> 本文出自“小强性能自动化测试品牌” 博客，请务必保留此出处xqtesting.blog.51cto/4626073/1959220。

selenium setproperty的用法-概述说明以及解释1.引言1.1 概述在软件开发和测试过程中，自动化测试已经成为必不可少的一部分。

为了实现自动化测试，需要使用一些工具和框架。

而Selenium就是其中一个被广泛使用的自动化测试工具之一。

Selenium是一个用于Web应用程序测试的开源工具，它提供了一组功能强大的API，可以模拟用户在浏览器中的操作，例如点击、输入文本、选择下拉框等。

使用Selenium可以有效地减少重复性的手动测试工作量，并提高测试的准确性和效率。

在Selenium中，有一个重要的方法叫做`setProperty`，它用于设置系统属性。

系统属性可以影响Selenium的运行行为，例如指定浏览器驱动的路径、设置浏览器的一些参数等。

通过设置这些系统属性，我们可以对Selenium进行更加灵活和定制化的配置，以适应不同的测试需求。

在本文中，我们将重点讨论`setProperty`方法的用法。

首先，我们将介绍Selenium的背景和`setProperty`方法的作用。

接着，我们将详细解释如何使用`setProperty`方法来配置Selenium，并探讨一些需要注意的事项。

最后，我们将总结`setProperty`方法的用法，并展望其在自动化测试领域的应用前景。

通过阅读本文，读者将对Selenium的`setProperty`方法有一定的了解，并能够在实际项目中灵活运用。

1.2文章结构1.2 文章结构部分本文将围绕"Selenium setProperty的用法"展开探讨，主要分为引言、正文和结论三个部分。

引言部分首先概述了本篇长文的主题和内容，并对Selenium setProperty方法的基本概念进行了解释。

接着介绍了本文的结构安排，以使读者更好地理解文章的组织方式。

最后，明确了本文的目的，即通过详细介绍Selenium setPropery方法的使用方法和注意事项，帮助读者更好地掌握这一关键的Selenium技术。

Selenium⾯试题3-appium⼯作原理、Selenium和Appium的关系？⽬前Appium框架可以时⽀持android 和 ios 两个操作系统的App⾃动化测试⼀、appium-Android⼯作流在Android端，appium基于WebDriver协议，利⽤Bootstrap.jar，最后通过调⽤⽤UiAutomator的命令，实现App的⾃动化测试具体的步骤：1.客户端是我们写的webdriver测试脚本。

2.中间是Appium的服务，Appium在服务端启动⼀个Server（4723端⼝）。

在这⾥提供它提供了⼀套REST的接⼝，Appium Server接收web driver client标准rest请求，解析请求内容，调⽤⽤对应的框架响应操作。

3.appium server会把请求转发给中间件Bootstrap.jar ，它是⽤java写的，安装在⼿机上.Bootstrap监听4724端⼝并接收appium 的命令，最终通过调⽤⽤UiAutomator的命令来实现。

4.最后Bootstrap将执⾏的结果返回给appium server5.appium server再将结果返回给 appium client⼆、appium-iOS⼯作流在iOS端，appium同样使⽤WebDriver的⼀套协议。

与Android端测试框架不同的是appium ios封装了apple的 Instruments框架，主要⽤了Instrument的UIAutomation（Apple的⾃动化测试框架），然后在设备中注⼊bootstrap.js进⾏监听。

具体的步骤：1.客户端是我们写的webdriver测试脚本。

2.中间是Appium的服务，Appium在服务端启动⼀个Server（4723端⼝），跟selenium Webdriver测试框架类似， Appium⽀持标准的WebDriver JSONWireProtocol。

Selenium 使用方法简介Selenium是一个用于自动化浏览器操作的工具。

它支持多种浏览器，包括Chrome、Firefox、Safari等，可以模拟用户在浏览器中的点击、输入、提交等操作，自动化地测试网页功能。

安装1.安装PythonSelenium是一个基于Python的工具，因此需要首先安装Python。

可以从Python官网（）下载安装包，并按照安装向导进行安装。

2.安装Selenium在安装完Python后，可以使用pip命令来安装Selenium。

打开命令行终端，执行以下命令：pip install selenium3.安装浏览器驱动Selenium需要使用浏览器驱动来控制浏览器。

根据所使用的浏览器，需要下载对应的浏览器驱动并将其配置到系统的环境变量中。

–Chrome浏览器下载Chrome浏览器对应的驱动ChromeDriver，并将其解压到某个目录下，例如D:。

将该目录添加到系统的环境变量中。

–Firefox浏览器下载Firefox浏览器对应的驱动Geckodriver，并将其解压到某个目录下，例如D:。

将该目录添加到系统的环境变量中。

–Safari浏览器Safari浏览器的驱动已经集成在Selenium中，无需另外安装。

使用方法1.初始化驱动在使用Selenium之前，需要先初始化浏览器驱动。

可以通过如下代码来初始化Chrome浏览器的驱动：from selenium import webdriverdriver = webdriver.Chrome()2.打开网页可以使用driver对象的get()方法来打开一个网页。

例如，打开百度首页：driver.get("")3.元素定位Selenium提供了多种方式来定位页面上的元素，包括通过id、name、class name、tag name、link text、partial link text、css selector和xpath 等。