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Unit Five: A Brief Introduction to ShakespeareTeaching Aims:1. Learn the life and the time of Shakespeare.2. Introduce the major literature achievements of Shakespeare3. Appreciate some frequently quotations from Shakespeare4. Some discussion on Shakespeare and his influence on the English language and literature1. Knowledge Quiz1.What nationality was Shakespeare? English2. In which town was Shakespeare born? Stratford3. When was Shakespeare born? 15644. When did he die? 16165. Shakespeare lived during the reign of which English monarchs?Queen Elizabeth I and King James I6. Which of these was not Shakespeare‟s plays?Shakespeare in Love7. What is Shakespeare most famous for? Writing plays8. Which of the following plays by Shakespeare is NOT a comedy ?Romeo and Juliet9. Which of the following plays does not belong to Shakespeare's great tragedies ? Romeo and Juliet10. The sentence "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?" is the beginning line of one of Shakespeare's ________ . sonnets（十四行诗）11. How many plays did Shakespeare wrote? Over 302. William Shakespeare’s lifeBorn in 1564 in Stratford-Upon-Avon at age 18 married Anne Hathaway three children, two daughters and a son moved to London in the late fifteen eighties.Besides a writer, Shakespeare was also a theater producer, a part owner of an acting company called the King's Men and an actor. In fifteen ninety-nine Shakespeare's company built its own theater called The Globe. Shakespeare's theater group also performed in other places such as Blackfriars Theater, or travel around the countryside to perform, sometimes performed at the palace of the English ruler Queen Elizabeth or, later, King James the First.3. William Shakespea re’s worksTragediesMacbeth 麦克白King Lear 李尔王Hamlet 哈姆雷特Othello 奥瑟罗Romeo and JulietTitus Andronicus 泰特斯·安特洛尼克斯Julius Caesar 裘力斯·凯撒Antony and Cleopatra 安东尼与克莉奥佩屈拉Coriolanus 科利奥兰纳斯Troilus and Cressida 特洛埃围城记Timon of Athens 雅典的泰门ComediesTwelfth Night or What You Will 第十二夜The Merchant of Venice 威尼斯商人As You Like It 皆大欢喜A Midsummer Night‘s Dream 仲夏夜之梦Much Ado About Nothing 无事生非Measure for Measure 一报还一报The Tempest 暴风雨Taming of the Shrew 驯悍记The Comedy of Errors 错中错All…s Well That Ends Well 终成眷属The Merry Wives of Windsor 温莎的风流娘们Love…s Labour‟s Lost 爱的徒劳Cymbeline 辛白林The Winter's Tale 冬天的故事The Tempest 暴风雨HistoriesHenry IV, part 1, 2 亨利四世（上下）Henry V 亨利五世Henry VI, part 1, 2, 3 亨利六世（上中下）Henry VIII 亨利八世King John 约翰王Richard II 理查二世Richard III 理查三世PoemsThe Rape of Lucrece 鲁克丽丝失贞记Venus and Adonis 维纳斯和阿多尼斯Sonnets (154)4. Characteristics of William Shakespeare’s plays plot construction characters language4.1 Plot ConstructionShakespeare's plays are well-known for their adroit plot construction.His work looked at common human themes, such as betrayal, murder, lust, power, ambition and love. These themes are as much a part of human nature today as they were all those years ago 4.2 CharactersShakespeare's major characters are individuals representing certain types and have their own personalities.Hamlet: 遇事犹豫不决，顾虑重重的人Romeo: 英俊潇洒的男子Cleopatra: 绝代佳人Shylock: 贪婪、残忍、不择手段守财奴Shakespeare succeeds in exploring the characters' inner mind. The soliloquies（独白）in his plays fully reveal the inner conflict of his characters.This soliloquy is taken from Shakespeare’s tragedy Hamlet, Act III, Scene I.Hamlet，facing the dilemma of action & mind，is hesitating whether he should revenge for his father，which may bring him death，or he should suffer & hide his hatred for his uncle in his deep heart，which may secure his lifeBy asking “To be or no not to be”, Hamlet revealed his innermost thoughts to the audience. He is meant to contrast two universal individuals —the man of contemplation and the man of action. Hamlet analyzes everything too deeply and is thus prevented from taking any clear course. Hamlet's essential dilemma is one that has confronted men throughout the ages; and this confrontation —between duty and morality, courage and fear, right and wrong, life and death —will assuredly persist for all ages to come.Hamlet’s soliloquiesTo be, or not to be,--- that is the question:Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,And by opposing end them.To die: to sleep;No more; and by a sleep to say we endThe heart-ache, and the thousand natural shocksThat flesh is heir to, 'tis a consummationDevoutly to be wish'dTo die, to sleep;To sleep: perchance to dream: aye, there's the rub;For in that sleep of death what dreams may come,When we have shuffled off this mortal coil,Must give us pause: there's the respectThat makes calamity of so long life;For who would bear the whips and scorns of time,The oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely,The pangs of despised love, the law's delay,The insolence of office, and the spurnsThat patient merit of the unworthy takes,When he himself might his quietus makeWith a bare bodkin?who would fardels bear,To grunt and sweat under a weary life,But that the dread of something after death,The undiscover'd country from whose bournNo traveler returns, puzzles the will,And makes us rather bear those ills we haveThan fly to others that we know not of?Thus conscience does make cowards of us all,And thus the native hue of resolutionIs sicklied o'er with the pale cast of thought,And enterprises of great pitch and momentWith this regard their currents turn awryAnd lose the name of action.Words and Phrases:Slings:投石器By opposing end them: put an end to them by fighting against them rather than stoically enduring them.That flesh is heir to: which the human body has to takeDevoutly: sincerelyConsummation: the point at which sth. is made perfectPerchance: perhapsRub: difficulty or cause of troubleShuffle off one‟s mortal coil:(委婉语) to dieCalamity: misfortune, disasterContumely: contemptuous treatmentPang: sudden and sharp feeling of painDisprized: undervaluedInsolence: showing disrespectful rudenessSpurn: rejectQuietus: deathGrunt:呻吟Bourn: borderHue: shade of colorPitch: importanceAwry: away from the right courseTranslation:生存还是毁灭，这是一个值得考虑的问题；要做到高贵，究竟该忍气吞声来容受狂暴的命运矢石交攻呢，还是该挺身反抗无边的苦恼，扫它个干净？死，就是睡眠——就这样；而如果睡眠就等于了结了心痛以及千百种身体要担受的皮痛肉痛，那该是天大的好事，正求之不得啊！死，就是睡眠；睡眠也许要做梦，这就麻烦了！我们一旦摆脱了尘世的牵缠在死的睡眠里还会做些什么梦，想到就不能不踌躇。
课题：莎士比亚（William Shakespeare）简介及作品分析授课对象：国高班高二学生教学目标：1.让学生对莎士比亚文学作品有初步的了解2.提高对文学作品的鉴赏水平，增强对戏剧的喜爱3.学会自我鉴赏戏剧的一些方法教学重点：1.莎士比亚的生平简介以及作品列表2.莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》的详细分析教学难点：莎士比亚的作品分析教学方法：多媒体教学教学过程：一、莎士比亚简介1、生平介绍：（1564-1616）是英国著名诗人和戏剧家。
他一生中创作了38部剧本，154首十四行诗以及两首长篇叙事诗，他被誉为“一颗骤起的新星”。
2、主要作品介绍：历史剧喜剧悲剧诗歌（见附表）二、作品分析《哈姆雷特》（结合现代翻拍电影分析）（一）、《哈姆雷特》里的人物形象1、分析哈姆雷特的形象。
怎样看待哈姆雷特的忧郁和延宕？2、阶级特征：哈姆雷特是文艺复兴末期人文主义者的典型形象。
对人类报有美化的看法，充分肯定人的价值。
哈姆雷特认为“人类是一件多么了不起的杰作”，是“宇宙的精华！万物的灵长！”主张人与人之间平等互爱，反动封建等级制度。
要求士兵对自己敬爱。
和霍拉旭以朋友相称。
强调智慧和理性。
安排“戏中戏”来证实自己的想法。
3、性格特征：(犹豫、延宕)犹豫：犹豫并不是他的天性，而是理想与现实的矛盾，理想破灭时所引起的一种精神状态。
在犹豫的同时，哈姆雷特变得更加清醒、更加深沉。
延宕：有其更深刻的社会原因，那就是在复仇的过程中他意识到自己的行动已不单是为父报仇，而是要重整乾坤。
在重整乾坤的伟大目标前，哈姆雷特想要行动，但又不知如何行动，这就造成了他行动的拖延。
(主观)延宕的另一个原因是恶势力过于强大，而时代与人文主义的局限性又决定他不可能去依靠群众、反动群众因此只能孤军奋战，最后终于被恶势力吞没。
哈姆雷特的悲剧已不仅仅是个人的悲剧，而是人文主义者和整个时代的悲剧。
(客观)（二）、哈姆雷特的性格分析1.对母亲的爱。
剧中哈姆雷特往往将奥和葛并举，可以看出母亲失贞一事给他的心理造成多么巨大的阴影。
文学作品: 莎士比亚经典戏剧解读一、介绍莎士比亚经典戏剧莎士比亚（William Shakespeare）是英国文学史上最伟大的戏剧家之一，他创作了许多经典的戏剧作品。
这些作品包含丰富的情节、深刻的人物以及扣人心弦的对白，至今仍然深受世界各地读者和观众的喜爱。
在本文中，我们将重点解读莎士比亚的三个经典戏剧：《罗密欧与朱丽叶》、《哈姆雷特》和《麦克白》。
二、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》《罗密欧与朱丽叶》是一部以爱情为主题的悲剧。
它讲述了年轻而热烈相爱的罗密欧和朱丽叶在两个家族的敌意之下如何努力追求幸福，并最终在悲剧中走向命运的不归路。
•剧情简介•主要人物分析•主题探究（如爱情、命运等）•对白和语言风格分析三、《哈姆雷特》《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚最为著名的悲剧之一，它探讨了复仇、权力和道德等主题。
故事中的主人公哈姆雷特陷入了对父亲死亡的痛苦思考以及对伪君子克劳迪斯的复仇之中。
•故事梗概•哈姆雷特角色解析•主题分析（如复仇、疯狂等）•莎士比亚创作手法四、《麦克白》《麦克白》是一部带有黑暗气息的悲剧，讲述了勇敢而意志坚定的将军麦克白如何被野心驱使而最终走向灭亡。
这部戏剧展示了权力与欲望之间的危险关系。
•剧情回顾•麦克白人物塑造•主题探究（如野心、罪恶等）•包括名言和著名场景的解读五、结论和启示通过解读这些经典戏剧，我们可以更好地理解莎士比亚的创作艺术，以及他对人性、社会和情感的深刻洞察。
这些戏剧也给我们带来了许多思考和启示，引发了关于权力、爱情和道德等重要主题的讨论。
请注意，以上内容只是初步的一个提纲，并不包含具体的详细内容。
在完成文档编写时，请确保充分展开每个部分，并添加适当的例子、分析和引用，以使得文档达到3500字以上的要求。
大学教案莎士比亚教案标题：探索莎士比亚：大学级别英语课程教案目标：1. 通过学习莎士比亚的作品，提高学生的英语语言能力和文学素养。
2. 培养学生对莎士比亚戏剧的理解和欣赏能力。
3. 帮助学生发展批判性思维和分析能力。
教案时长：10周（每周2小时）教学资源：1. 莎士比亚戏剧文本（如《哈姆雷特》、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》等）2. 影音资料：莎士比亚戏剧的电影或舞台表演录像3. 学习材料：莎士比亚相关的研究文章、评论、学术论文等教学步骤：第一周：介绍莎士比亚及其时代（2小时）1. 通过PPT或讲座形式向学生介绍莎士比亚的生平、作品和对文学的贡献。
2. 解释莎士比亚时代的历史背景、社会环境和文化特点。
第二周：莎士比亚戏剧的基本元素（2小时）1. 分析莎士比亚戏剧的戏剧结构、角色塑造和主题。
2. 引导学生探讨莎士比亚戏剧中的语言运用和修辞手法。
第三周：解读莎士比亚的悲剧作品（2小时）1. 选取一部莎士比亚的悲剧作品，如《哈姆雷特》或《麦克白》。
2. 学生阅读戏剧文本，并结合相关的学术研究资料，讨论作品的主题、人物形象和情节发展。
第四周：解读莎士比亚的喜剧作品（2小时）1. 选取一部莎士比亚的喜剧作品，如《仲夏夜之梦》或《威尼斯商人》。
2. 学生阅读戏剧文本，并结合相关的学术研究资料，讨论作品的喜剧元素、幽默手法和情节发展。
第五周：莎士比亚的历史剧作品（2小时）1. 选取一部莎士比亚的历史剧作品，如《亨利五世》或《理查三世》。
2. 学生阅读戏剧文本，并结合相关的学术研究资料，讨论作品对历史事件和人物的再现。
第六周：莎士比亚的诗歌作品（2小时）1. 选取一些莎士比亚的诗歌作品，如 sonnet 18 或 sonnet 130。
2. 学生阅读诗歌文本，并分析莎士比亚的诗歌风格、意象和主题。
第七周：莎士比亚的影响与传承（2小时）1. 探讨莎士比亚对后世文学和戏剧的影响。
2. 分析莎士比亚作品在当代文化中的再创作和解读。
莎士比亚的中英文介绍Introduction to ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare, often regarded as the greatest playwright in English literature, was born in Stratford-upon-Avon, England in 1564. His works have had a profound impact on the world of literature and theatre, with his plays widely studied and performed to this day. This article provides a comprehensive introduction to Shakespeare's life and works, exploring his contributions to the literary world and his enduring legacy.生平概述 (Biography)Shakespeare was born into a middle-class family. Despite his humble origins, he received a solid education and showed a keen interest in literature from a young age. At the age of 18, he married Anne Hathaway, who bore him three children. In the late 1580s, he left his family and moved to London to pursue a career in the theatre.身世谜团 (Mystery Surrounding His Background)While much is known about Shakespeare's works, there remains a certain degree of mystery surrounding his personal life. Some scholars argue that the plays attributed to him were actually written by someone else or by a group of writers. However, the majority of literary experts agree that Shakespeare was indeed the author of the plays and sonnets attributed to him.文学贡献 (Literary Contributions)Shakespeare's literary contributions cannot be overstated. He wrote a total of 39 plays, consisting of comedies, tragedies, and histories, whichexplored a wide range of themes and emotions. Some of his most famous plays include "Romeo and Juliet," "Macbeth," "Hamlet," and "Othello." These works delve into the human condition, examining complex characters and presenting universal truths that continue to resonate with audiences today.Shakespeare's writing style was characterized by his mastery of language, his use of poetic devices such as iambic pentameter, and his ability to craft deeply moving and memorable dialogues. His plays employed a variety of literary techniques, including soliloquies, dramatic irony, and foreshadowing, which added depth and complexity to his storytelling.戏剧与剧院 (Drama and Theatres)During Shakespeare's time, theatre was a popular form of entertainment. His plays were performed at various venues, including the famous Globe Theatre, where he was a co-owner. The Globe Theatre provided a platform for Shakespeare to showcase his works to a wide audience, and his plays were enthusiastically received by both the nobility and the common people.莎士比亚的作品是根植于戏剧现场的，他的戏剧构思、人物塑造、情节发展等都与剧场环境密不可分。
William ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare was born in 1564 and died in 1616. He is the greatest of all English poets in English history. He has become landmarks in the history of world culture.William Shakespeare belongs to Renaissance. In England, the 16th century was a period of breaking up of feudal relations and the establishing of the foundation of capitalism. New social and economic condition brought about great changes in the development of science and art. The great changes influence the thought of human at that time. The creation of writing style has changed. Renaissance meaning from French word, meaning “rebirth”, “revival”. Now it is used to indicate the intellectual and literary movement over Europe from the 14th to the early 17th century. Humanism is the core and essence of the Renaissance. About humanism, man is the measure of all things. Man has ability to perfect themselves to develop the individual. Man should enjoy the present life. So many poets and novelists create their work from gods to man.William Shakespeare creates 154 sonnets, 37dramas and 2 long narrative poems. He has a great significance in English literature history. He represents the climax of the Renaissance. He is the one of the few writers who can be indispensable in the Europe literary history. He is most influential man of the letter since the Renaissance. He is the representative of the Renaissance. Besides he has the most command of vocabulary, so people call him a master of use of vocabulary.His writing style is a combination of realism and romantism. In his works of poem. Sonnet 18 is the most famous and influential poetry in the world. Sonnets are fourteen lines, and rhyming in different patterns. William Shakespeare creates his own rhyming patterns of sonnet. And we call it William Shakespeare’s patterns. The rhyme of William Shakespeare’s sonnet 18 is a b a b, c d c d, e f e f, g g. In this poetry, we can get the main theme of Renaissance, humanism. Shakespeare use many rhetorical devices. In the beginning, the first sentence, should I compare thee to a summer’s day use rhetorical question and simile to attract reader’s interest. ‘You are more lovely and gentle than summer’s day’. In the third sentence, the word darling full of emotional color, itpersonifies the buds. In the fourth sentence use metaphor compare lease to life time. Our life is too short, we should cherish our life time. The next sentence, sometimes too hot the eye of heaven shines, use rhetorical device, metaphor. And the next sentence use personification. In the seventh sentence, fair use rhetorical devices pun, it means beautiful person and the quality of beauty. In the last two sentence use parallelism to emphasize the emotion and the mood of this poetry. Summer’s day is too short, but your beauty can exist forever in my poetry.When I have read this poetry. I can get the wonderful use of rhetorical devices and vocabulary. He uses his master hand to describe the beauty of his friend. And his poetry, sonnet 18 represent a strong mood of his friendship, making me impressive.。
