论男女平等毕业论文
- 格式:docx
- 大小:31.04 KB
- 文档页数:13
关于男女平等基本国策的论文引言在当代社会中,男女平等已经成为了一个广泛讨论的话题。
作为一个历史悠久的问题,男女平等已经引起了各个国家和社会的关注。
本文将就男女平等基本国策展开探讨,旨在分析男女平等政策在促进社会公平与发展方面的作用。
男女平等的定义男女平等是指男性和女性在法律、经济、政治和社会权益上享有相同的地位和权利。
这是一个基本的人权原则,旨在消除性别歧视和不平等待遇。
男女平等体现了社会公正和人类进步的核心价值观。
男女平等的重要性1.社会正义和人权:男女平等是社会正义和人权的基本原则之一。
所有人都应该享有平等的机会和权利,无论其性别如何。
男女平等能够增强社会的公正性,确保每个人都能够充分发挥其潜力。
2.经济发展:男女平等对于经济发展也有着重要影响。
研究表明,女性参与劳动力市场可以提高国家的生产力和经济增长率。
通过消除性别歧视,促进男女绝对的平等地位,可以激发更多的创新和创造力。
3.社会稳定:男女平等对于社会的稳定和发展也具有关键影响。
当男女能够平等地参与决策和政策制定过程时,能够满足社会的多元需求,减少社会冲突和不平等现象。
男女平等的挑战尽管男女平等被广泛认可为一个重要的人权问题,但是在实践中仍然面临着一些挑战和困难。
1.传统文化观念:传统的社会文化观念往往认为男性和女性各有其所长,存在性别角色分工和性别刻板印象。
这些观念常常限制了女性的发展和权益。
2.职业机会不平等:男女在职业领域的平等仍然是一个待解决的问题。
女性往往面临着职业晋升的障碍,包括性别歧视、工资差距等。
3.家庭责任分配不平等:家庭责任的不平等分配也是一个制约男女平等的因素。
女性往往需要承担更多的家务和育儿责任,从而影响其职业发展和人生选择。
实施男女平等基本国策的手段为了促进男女平等基本国策的实施,以下是一些可取的手段:1.法律和政策:建立和完善相关的法律和政策,禁止性别歧视和不平等待遇,保障男女平等权益。
2.公共意识和教育:加强公众对男女平等的意识和认识,通过教育和宣传,改变社会文化观念,打破性别刻板印象。
关于男女平等作文男女平等,是指男女在社会、文化、经济、法律、政治等方面享有相同的权利,同时也要承担相同的义务。
在当代社会,男女平等已经成为了一个常见的话题,不仅仅在拉美地区,而且在欧洲、美洲等地也是不断发生。
本文将从性别歧视、教育、职场和家庭角度探讨男女平等。
一、性别歧视没有什么比性别歧视更过分的了,在现代社会中它仍然存在。
男女平等的概念本来就是为了解决这个问题而产生的。
但性别歧视范围较广,社会上许多现象都与其有关,比如:1.工资差异:无论在哪个领域,女性普遍被支付较少的薪金,这是因为男性通常被认为比女性更懂得怎样处理工作。
这样的想法极大地影响了雇用。
2.职业选择:还有一些领域,比如工程和科学是男性占据多数的。
这种偏见能让许多女性认为自己不能在科学和工程的领域中成功。
3.家务分配:男人通常被认为是家庭的支柱,而女人则负责家务。
因此,显而易见的是,女性在工作中和家庭生活中承担了更多的责任。
这使许多女性在工作和家庭事务之间感到疲惫不堪。
二、教育平等男女平等最早体现在教育中。
因此,教育平等是保证男女平等的基础。
尤其是针对女性,教育可以使她们在某些领域中获得更好的机会。
1.教育质量:有些国家的女生在学校文化素质中占有很高的位置,但同时也存在一些国家,女生在学校中处于弱势位置。
2.学科选择:尽管条例和法律要求平等,但在学校中,男孩和女孩选择的学科可能有所不同。
在一些学校中,女孩可能会被鼓励在音乐、彩绘和烹饪等领域中发挥自己的才华,而男孩则在工程和科学方面进行培训。
3.传统观念:面对传统观念,多数女孩没有机会接受教育,甚至无法入学学校。
许多国家中还存在一些限制女孩接受教育的障碍。
三、职场平等男女平等不仅要在教育上得到保障,工作也需要保证平等。
如果一个女性在职场上遭受歧视,就很难发挥她的才能。
1.就职机会:如果只有男人才有机会加入某个行业,那么女性就缺乏发挥实力的机会。
为了防止这种情况发生,必须保证所有行业给予男女同等的招募和培训机会。
毕业论文从女性主义角度浅析《简爱》中男女平等摘要女性作为社会的社会成员之一,在人类的生存繁衍中扮演着不可或缺的角色。
作为女性由于身体和心理上的差异,在历史上,一直作为依附男人而活的载体。
而在现代社会,女性已经成为能独挡一面,自立自强的载体,她们对于女性地位的追求也越来越高,于是乎,男女平等已成为现代女性的基本社会要求之一。
20世纪60年代,女权运动兴起。
随后,女性主义开始在全世界流行开来。
男女平等也成为许多作家学者研究的对象。
然而,许多学者主要针对女性主义中女性的政治权利和女性的角色理论进行研究,为女性解放运动制造舆论支持。
本文以《简爱》这部作品为研究对象,主要运用女性主义分析了简爱的职业观、爱情观和维权意识。
文章首先引用《简爱》中一些关于简爱职业、爱情及维权意识的片段,然后运用女性主义相关的理论对这些片段进行分析,从这些分析中我们可以的到对现代女性的启发。
本文在一定程度上丰富了《简爱》这部作品的理论研究,与此同时,对于女性的维权意识有一定的启发督促作用。
关键词:《简爱》;简爱;女性主义;男女平等The Analysis of Equality Between Male and Female in JaneEyre From FeminismEnglish Major(Teacher Education), 2009-1, Chen DenglingSupervisor Zhao QiuyingAbstractAs an important member part of the social community, female plays an integral role in the human’s live. Because of the different physical and psychological factors, female has been living as a carrier of man in the history. However, women have become self-empowerment and independent in the current society. Women’s pursuit of the advancement is getting higher and higher, which makes the equality between male and female become one of the female’s social requirement.In 1960s, the feminist movement is popular for a time. And then feminism has prevailed all over the world. And the concept of sexual equality has become one of the hottest topics among researchers and scholars. Many previous researches on feminism are mainly about women’s political rights and their roles, with purposes to cater to the women’s liberation movement.This thesis mainly analyzes Jane Eyre’s values of occupation, love and rights protecting on the theory of feminism, and takes Jane Eyre as the material of researching at the same time. This research just quotes some parts of Jane Eyre, which include Jane’s occupation, love and rights protecting, and then uses the feminism to analyse them. At last, we can get the enlightenment from that analysis.To some extent, this thesis not only enriches Jane Eyre’s theoretical research on the foundation of the previous researches about the book, but also inspires modern female’s awareness of protecting rights. As a student’s research, there are some limitations in this thesis, but the author hopes those enlightenment can give some inspirations to the females.Key words: Jane Eyre; Jane Eyre; feminism; equality between male and femaleContentsI. Introduction (1)1.1 Research background (1)1.2 The significance of the thesis (2)1.3 An overall structure of the thesis (2)II. Literature Review (3)2.1 A brief introduction on feminism (3)2.2 Previous research of feminism at home and abroad (3)2.3 Previous research of the equality between male and female (4)III. The Analysis about Jane Eyre’s Pursuit of Equality Between Male and Female (5)3.1 The pursuit of free occupation (5)3.1.1 Jane Eyre’s pursuit of free occupation (5)3.1.2 Enlightenment to modern female (6)3.2 The pursuit of free love (7)3.2.1 Jane Eyre’s perception of equal love (7)3.2.2 Enlightenment to modern female (7)3.3 The pursuit of equal rights (8)3.3.1 Jane Eyre’s pursuit of equal rights in her different age stages. (8)3.3.2 Enlightenment to modern female (10)IV. Conclusion (10)4.1 Major findings (10)4.2. Limitations (11)Acknowledgment (12)Bibliography (13)I. IntroductionThis part opens with the background of this research. Moreover, the theoretical and practical significance of this research is presented next, and the overall structure of the thesis is presented at the end of this part.As an important member part of the social community, female plays an integral role in the human’s live. Because of the different physical and psychological factors, female has been living as a carrier of man in the history. However, female has become self-empowerment and independent in the current society. In a word, female has the same intelligence and courage as men. Compared with men, female’s pursuit of the advancement is getting higher and higher, which makes the equality between male and female become one of the female’s social requirement. For hundred years, people have paid great attention to female’s position and their rights in the society. In 1960s, the feminist movement is popular for a time. Without a doubt, feminism has prevailed all over the world. And the concept of sexual equality has become one of the hottest topics among researchers and scholars. This thesis is going to explore the equality between female and male in light of feminism.1.1 Research backgroundJane Eyre, written by Charlotte Bronte (1816~1855) in 1847, has gained great popularity, and it became one of the most popular books during Victorians. It was Jane Eyre’s revolt, hating of giving in and the spirit of requiring equality that made this book distinguished from others.[1]The novel is about Jane Eyre’s life. Jane Eyre is a poor orphan, who lives with her wealthy aunt. However, her aunt and cousin are unkind to Jane, never failing to emphasize how she is below them, but Jane never gives in. When tensions escalate, Jane is sent to Lowood, a boarding school by the inhumane Mr Brocklehurst, she is soon branded a liar, but she never gives up. With the help of Miss Temple, she becomes a teacher eight years later. When Miss Temple marry and move away, Jane decides to change careers, and then she come to the Thornfield Hall as governess. During this time, she falls in love with MrRochester. As she knows that Mr Rochester is married, she is not willing to sacrifice her morals or self-respect to accept the status of mistress. Therefore, Jane flees Thornfied in the middle night. After wondering for a few days, Jane finds a safe haven, she is saved by St. John. John learns Jane’s true identity, so he insists they must be married and go to India together, but Jane refuses. At that time, Jane hears Rochester’s voice calling her in the wind, she immediately travels to Thonfield Hall, only to find it destroyed by a fire and abandoned. This also can not destroy the true love, when Jane finds Rochester, they get and live a happy life.A large number of researchers have researched on Jane Eyre for decades. From the standard search of CNKI, there are 107,000 descriptions about Jane Eyre. Many previous scholars’ researches on Jane Eyre are mainly about women’s political rights and their roles, with the major purpose to cater to the women’s liberation movement. However, this research will pay more attention to eulogize the charm of female and the equality between male and female.1.2 The significance of the thesisTheoretically, this research has enriched the theoretical research of Jane Eyre. It gives a deeper analysis of this book from Jane Eyre’s work, it will fully explore the marriage and her awareness of protecting female’s rights, which will enable readers to have better understanding and appreciation of Jane Eyre.Practically, female students belong to the modern female, who are also going to go into the society, to face life and face to marriage. From this thesis, they can gain certain enlightenment from the analysis of Jane Eyre’s pursuing in the equality between male and female. In some way, it can tell us how to protect the status and dignity of our females in the future life of work and marriage.1.3 An overall structure of the thesisThere are four parts in my research. The first part is an introduction about the background and as well as the research significance of the thesis, the second part mainly describes the literature review of this dissertation, namely feminism, the third part is a deepanalysis Jane Eyre’s pursuit of equality between male and female in her different age stages, when she was a child, she confronts her aunt’s mind, cousin’s of contempt, insults and abuse. As she grows up, young Jane Eyre hopes to own an equal opportunity as men in terms of applying her talents and creating her own success. When Jane is wandering outside, she refuses priest John’s propose because of his conception of regarding female as tools and dependency. And the last part is a conclusion of the whole passage.II. Literature ReviewThis part begins with the brief introduction of feminism, which form the theoretical base for this research. And this part discusses in terms of a study on feminism in Jane Eyre. And then it provides the general research on the feminism and the previous research of equality between male and female.2.1 A brief introduction on feminismFeminism is a primary source and motivation on female’s experience of social theory and political movement. Many feminism supporters criticize on social relationship, and they also pay attention to analyze the gender inequality. Although there are various theories and focuses on feminism, they all come to a conclusion: to achieve gender equality in all humanity.One of the most important goals of feminism is to fight for the equal value of family and social labor, and political rights equivalence. Thus it emphasizes there are not differences in intelligence and ability between male and female, that is to say, feminism emphasizes on the equity in social labor, namely, to realize equality between male and female in the work, in marriage, family, and political rights as well.2.2 Previous research of feminism at home and abroadThe history of feminism idea can date back to six century BC in ancient Greek. However, feminism began to grow up as a trend of political and social thought until eighteen century. In 1792, the Britain journalist and translator Mary Wollstonecraft[2] finished her first important feminism theory book A Vindication of the Rights of Woman. Andthere were more than one hundred magazines and newspapers about women’s liberation movement in America until 1997. What worth us to mention is that there are also many books about feminism theory published around the USA, for example,Betty Friedan(1963) wrote Feminine Mystique, Kate Milite(1970) wrote Sexual Politics, Shulamisi Feiersitong(1970) wrote Dialectic of Sex, etc. Moreover, feminism became an important academic research from 1990s and it is still a popular topic in the 21st century. Lijun Nie and Lan Ma[3] (2011) make the previous theories into practice in their book of A Discuss on Feminism Awareness During the Vicissitude Journey of Chinese Equality Between Men and Women.Many previous scholars’ researches on feminism are mainly about women’s political rights and their roles, with purposes to cater to the women’s liberation movement. It is a condition as Dale Spencer explain:I myself have never been able to find out precisely what feminism is: I only know that people callme a feminist whenever I express sentiments that differentiate me from a doormat or a prostitute.[4] At that time, the research just displayed the pursuit for the woman’s political rights. The feminist just means the equality of political status between male and female. However, many modern scholars pay more attention to eulogize the charm of female and the equality between male and female.2.3 Previous research of the equality between male and femaleTo be equal between male and female, it is a wonderful social ideal. Since the New Civilization Movement (around the time of the May 4th Movement in 1919), a great number of researchers have studied on the equality between male and female. In 2012, Litvinova Sventlana,[5] a licentiate of Legal Science who come from the far east of Russia University, has his questionnaire research about the equality between men and women, ‘‘Report of Chinese Young Men and Women Equality--According to the questionnaire reseach’’. From his research, we can learn about the fact of Chinese young men and women. There are two antithetical ideals in litvinova Sventlana research in the process of equality between men and women. The one is respect woman's rights, and the other is the obsolete ideal of maintaining female role. But Chinese traditional culture maintains thestale ideal of female. As we all know, cultural tradition is the inherent form of thinking, it is difficult to change and the research of equality between men and women is necessary.Employing feminism as the theoretical support, the writer of this thesis takes Jane Eyre as the research object. And this thesis does research on Jane Eye’s pursuit of gende r equality in her occupation, love and her awareness of protecting rights. To some extent, this thesis not only enriches Jane Eyre’s theoretical research on the foundation of the previous researches about the book, but also inspires modern female’s awareness of protecting rights.III. Analyzing from Jane Eyre’s Pursuit of Equality Between Maleand FemaleThis part presents several parts of the content about Jane Eyre. At first, it will present the content about Jane’s free occupation pursue in Jane Eyre with the analysis, and then we can learn about the enlightenment to Modern Female. Second, it will provide the content about Free Love Pursued Jane Eyre, it uses the same research method, at last, Jane Eyre’s the pursuit of Equal Rights are researched from the content of Jane Eyre. This part used the Feminism as the theoretical basis to analyze the content of Jane Eyre. We can get the enlightenment at last. And all the materials used in analysis in the following sections are quoted from the novel Jane Eyre.[6]3.1 The pursuit of free occupation3.1.1 Jane Eyre’s pursuit of free occupationIn the early years of the Victorian age, people believes that woman’s place is at home, so women were not allowed to go to work at that time. Even some middle class women went to work, they just can work as governesses or tailor career. Furthermore, people always think that women are obedient, female who have more privilege hold the opinion that they should only do pudding, knit socks, playing the piano and embroidered purses. But Jane do not want to stay at home, she want to go to work as a man.“A new servitude! There is something in that I soliloquized (mentally, be itunderstood; I did not talk aloud).”[6]This thought always occured in Jane Eyre’s mind during her eight years in Sally Ward School, and she wanted to get away with the limitations of school’s regulations and system. Women can realize economic independen ce only by owning a career, and economic independent can protect female’s rights of equivalent.When she finally came to Sandfield as a teacher, she still insisted of pursing equality. For instance, confronting difficulties or confusion, without any cowardice, she talk to Rochester, her owner, a man with strange temper and unstable emotionally.No matter how Rochester combat her or did not like her, Jane can always maintain her dignity. As Jane Eyre said:I don't think. Sir, you have a right to command me, merely because you are older than I, orbecause you have seen more of the world than I have; your claim to superiority depends on the use you have made of your time and experience.[6]Jane Eyre looks forward to freedom and the freedom to choose occupation. Furthermore, she protects her own dignity during her occupation pursuit even if she’s treated unfair. She declaims that female as an employee can also own the equal dignity as that of male, so she works hard to realize her own value. Finally, she does a good job in her work and gains the employer’s acknowledgment, which is one form of her pursuing occupation equality.3.1.2 Enlightenment to modern femaleAs discussed in 3.1.1, Jan Eye is a female who pursues freedom and the freedom to choose her occupation. And her struggle for pursuing equality finally facilities her to a beautiful life. Thus, There are some valuable enlightenment in Jane Eyre’s occupation pursing for the modern female to study: one point is Jane’s earnest working attitude, because the working attitude is one of the effective way of achieving others’acknowledgment; and the other point is Jane Eyre’s depreciation in superiors that worth modern female to learn about. Therefore, we should be neither humble nor pushy when we are treated unfair or impolitely in order to show our female’s dignity.3.2 The pursuit of free love3.2.1 Jane Eyre’s perception of equal loveAt the early years of the Victorian age, people’s marriage is the God's decree, they could not get a divorce easily, but the rich man often have a intruder, it became a life style at that time. A lady wants to become a wife of rich man, even if the man is order than her. Living in this society, Jane also has her pursuit of equal love and marriage.“I have as much soul as you, and full as much heart! And if God had gifted me with some beauty and much wealth, I should have made it as hard for you to leave me, as it is now for me to leave you. I am not talking to you now through the medium of custom, conventionalities, nor even of mortal flesh; it is my spirit that addresses your spirit; just as if both had passed through the grave, and we stood at God’s feet, equal, as we are!” [6]Jane Eyre is so natural all the time, snobbish hatchets can not cut down the inborn branches and tendrils. Finally, Rochester realizes his heart and is in love with Jane. Many readers are moved by that scene and most of them believe the two young lovers will live a prince and princess life in their future. However, Jane Eyre leaves Sandfield after someone reveals that Rochester has married, even if the two young lovers are going to marry. As a matter of fact, it is not an unusual thing for the nobles to own one or two intruders at that time in Britain. But Jane Eyre herself cares about it very much, she thinks ‘‘the more lonely I am, the less friends I have, but the more lonely I am, the more I respect myself.’’Jane Eyre can not bare herself to lower her self-esteem and personality to become man’s toys. Therefore, she chooses to leave Rochester in order to protect her own independence and dignity. In Jane Eyre’s eyes, love can only exist under the condition of freedom and equality, so she gives up her deepest love.3.2.2 Enlightenment to modern femaleAs discussed in 3.2.1 Jane Eyre shows strong hopes and desire for free love, true love, and her id greatly distinct from those who are willing to be intruders for the sake of money, fames, etc. As the finial of the novel shows us that Jane Eyre finally gets true love from Rochester without the sake of money, fames and so on.It is obvious that free and equal conception of love is worth of learning to the modern female. There are many intruders in the current society of marriage, and these women earn money, fame and fortune from men at the expense of the reputation .they are willing to be canaries despite of being locked in the gilded cage, and do you think this is the so-called love. It is obvious not, and it is just distorted values. Because their love just as a precondition of the wealthy, if this precondition is gone, the love is gone. Thus, we should take Jane Eye’s pursuit of free and true love as a good example, and then we can achieve true love and happiness.3.3 The pursuit of equal rights3.3.1 Jane Eyre pursuits equal rights in her different age stages.Jane Eyre’s personality of daring to love-hate was reflected from her childhood. When she was originally in Hyde Manor, confronting her aunt’s mind, cousin’s of contempt, insults and abuse, Jane still didn’t give in but was aware of achieving her own rights and maintaining her status. In a word, Jane Eyre’s childhood called up her rebellion which hided under her young soul. She learned to protect her own legal rights when complained by her aunt. As written in the novel:If we always let the cruel and unfair people to jump through hoops, then the bad guys may also gradually to do whatever they want to without fear. This will never change for the better but worse. Therefore, when we are beaten for no reason at all, we have to fight back. Jane Eyre was brought up under this loveless circumstance, which inspired her strong desire for love in her life.“No one knows there are so many other kinds of rebellion brewing in the world except the rebellion of political. Furthermore, people always think that women are obedient, but actually women are as the same as men in exerting their talents and hardworking. So they feel painful for the harsh detention and bond, which absolutely different from the feeling of men. However, those female who have more privilege hold the opinion that they should only do pudding, knit socks, playing the piano and embroidered purses. And this view is so selfish and reckless. If women are taunted or condemned only because they seek for more opportunities to study or to do other thingsthat jump over the scope of gender permission customs.”[6]The above-mentioned extracts are quoted from the novel Jane Eyre. It tells us that a woman in Victorian Age just was encouraged to stay at home, they just need to do some housework and try to please man, just like the man’s ornament. But some women do not want to live that life, as Alanis Morissette said: “I see my body as an instrument, rather than an ornament’’,[7]which quoted in Reader’Digest, March 2000. Jane is one of those women.Young Jane Eyre hopes to own an equal opportunity as men in terms of applying her talents and creating her own success rather than doing embroidered purse, playing the piano, and living as a narrow female under the doctrine of men. Although Jane can not shake the foundation of male chauvinism under the reality of imprisoning and binding, the thoughts of protecting her own equality and freedom reflected in her advocacy.After leaving Hyde Manor, Jane Eyre was taken in by priest John when she was wandering outside. John found Jane Eyre’s unusual characteristic while he talking with Jane Eyre, and he thought that Jane Eyre’s characters such as frankness, innocence, rich-passion and especially her persistence and hard working are suitable to be a wife of a priest, so he propose to Jane Eyre under the name of God’s requirement.As a matter of fact, John’s propose to Jane Eyre was under the name of religious which men is far more higher in status than women. As we can predict, Jane Eyre refuse his propose because of his conception of regarding female as tools and dependency. The reason why Jane Eyre still are not willing to surrender despite her lonely background and the pressure of religious authority is that she believe that she owns the equal rights as John in her mind, so it is impossible for her to make her mind to submit to the religious authority.To sum up, Jane Eyre pursues and maintains her equal rights with other people, especially with male in spite of her background, poor or rich and religion in her different age stages. During her childhood, she insisted to protect her rights of equality when facing her aunt’s unfair treatment. During the period of her youth, she kept and advocated the concept of gender equality as usual even if confronting the threat of male chauvinism. while out of job, Jane Eyre refused the priest’s non-love propose decisively rather thansubmit to the religious authority, and all of what Jane Eyre does is just to want her own equal love and marriage.3.3.2 Enlightenment to modern femaleDuring all Jane Eyre’s life, she never stops protecting her rights of equality, which is of great importance for our modern female to take as an example. Nowadays, we are living in a legal society and the rights of female are protected by laws. However, it is not hard to find from the television and internet that many women do not dare to use legal ways to protect their rights when they happen to be treated unfair by others, and this lead to more female’s misfortune or even disaster. Therefore, we should learn from Jane Eyre’s experience: when our legal rights are deprived by illegal people, we should use legal ways to protect ourselves and let the criminals to be punished by relating laws. Since Jane Eyre has the awareness of protecting her own rights equality as men under the threaten of male chauvinism,we modern female has no reason to follow and even surpass her.IV. ConclusionThis part sums up the results of the major findings of the research on Jane Eyre from the perspective of feminism, and the limitations will be presented at last.4.1 Major findingsAs discussed above, this thesis comes to the conclusion that Jane Eyre, as a female representative of pursuing female’s equality with male, endeavors all her life to seek and maintain her free job, free love and equal rights in her own life. The conclusion will be demonstrated in details as following:Firstly, in occupation, Jane Eyre pursues working equality and she dose not want to be limited by so many regulations; secondly, in love and marriage, she first and foremost requires the equality of social status, but fame and money could not affect her beliefs. Thirdly, Jane Eyre pursues her equal rights in her different age stages. When she was a child, she had the awareness of achieving her own rights, confronting her aunt’s mind, cousin’s contempt, insults and abuse; when she grew up, she wanted to have an opportunityas a man who can in terms of applying her own success. As she wandering outside, she also wanted to pursuit the equal love and marriage. As a whole, all Jane Eyre’s life is protecting the equality of social status as female and never giving in before the evils.As a modern female who lives in the legal society, they should always protect our rights of freedom and equality under the protection of law. Modern female should love her work and work hard as Jane Eyre, and do not give in the evils during working as well. Last but not least, we should communicate with our loving one with the form of independence and equality during dating, thus we can get the opportunity to seek for our true love.4.2. LimitationsEven if the author makes great efforts to enrich this research, in order to ensure this research become more reliable or available. But as a student research, there are several limitations in this investigation as following:Firstly, this research just quotes some parts of Jane Eyre, it just analyses some words or the thought of Jane, but there are many figures in the work. The research can not help readers know more about Jane’s another experience which are not mention in Jane Eyre.Secondly, this thesis use the feminism as the theoretical foundation, feminism is a collection of movements and ideologies aimed at defining, establishing, and defending equal political, economic, and social rights for women, this includes seeking to estabish equal opportunities for women in education and employment. But this research just aims to the equality between men and women. So there will be many limitations in using the equality between male and female from the Perspective of feminism.Thirdly, Jane Eyre is the foreign literary works, and there are differences culture and language between china and England. There will be a gap when the author comprehends the meanings of the works.To sum up, in writing this thesis, many limitations cannot be avoided, because of the objective of time and fund, and the subjective limitation of the author's knowledge and experience further researches are needed to look into the field.AcknowledgmentI am indebted to many people who have contributed to the completion of this thesis. My sincere thanks first of all go to my supervisor, Zhao Qiuying, who, despite her being fully occupied and busily engaged in the teaching affairs, has managed to help me a lot, read through my thesis and instruct me in every detail. It is her enlightening instructions, valuable suggestions and encouragement that have helped me overcome many difficulties in writing the thesis.I am also grateful to Dong Ling, Huang Qinghua and other teachers whose course have greatly broadened my view in linguistic, literature and teaching methodology. And from their lectures I have learned a lot about how to study and how to do research. Without their instructions and rendered help, my study would never have been possible.Last but not least, I wish to express my sincere thanks to my parents for their love and support.。
男女平等作文男女平等作文(通用20篇)男女平等作文篇1当班会课的主题显示为“男女平等”时,我表露出不屑的神情,固执的认为男生一定比女生好。
因为男生力气大、胆子大、跑步快,而女生则娇里娇气的,但那天的球赛却不由得改变了我的看法。
那天,男足球队要去外校打半决赛,女生也嚷嚷着要去。
在我们男生看来,女生就是想要蹭奖励,可女生偏说是帮男生加油、鼓劲,我们只能把对女生的不满吞进肚子里。
球赛开始了,我们逐渐占了上风,而敌方队员也毫不示弱,个个都像兔子一样奔跑,又如狼群般争抢着足球。
敌方队长特别高大,看上去长得特别结实,带起球来横冲直撞,眼看就要射门了,我毫不犹豫地冲上去,跟他撞在一起,为我们队赢得了时间,防住了这位高大的敌人。
但踢着踢着,队长突然指着我的膝盖问:“你怎么受伤了。
”我低头一看,发现膝盖上多了一条口子。
老师看见了,急忙把我换下场。
一下场,女生就把我围在中间,一边给我清洗伤口,一边给我涂万花油,还不停地叮嘱我坐在这儿,不要到处乱跑;还忙前顾后地为我递水,接着她们又大声地给其他队员加油。
看着这些可爱的女生们,不知不觉我对女生的偏见也已经消失了……这场球赛让我明白:其实男生、女生各有长短,只有互相帮助才能共同进步。
男女平等作文篇2现在都在说“人人平等”,但我却觉得没有完全平等。
你不管不顾,我相夫教子在家庭中,孩子大多数和母亲关系最好,难道只是女性会哄孩子吗?事实是因为孩子与母亲相处的时间最长,所以孩子与父亲的关系是生疏的。
男性总会有一种观念:做家务是女性的事情,而男性只管赚钱。
家里的事情都可以不管,做“甩手掌柜”。
大多数人也认为女性就应该在家做家务,照顾丈夫孩子,否则就是不负责任,但是男性不做家务就不会被说三道四,好像“不管不顾”是男性特有的权利。
你随意转换,我静如处子在有些人眼中,男孩子要动,女孩子要静。
如果女孩子像男孩子一样好动,会被人说是“假小子”,而如果男生不好动,也会被说是儒雅、绅士。
为什么男生的风格可以随意转换,而女生一定要静如处子呢?你是好司机,我是小喇叭女性开车,总是不被看好。
男女平等
女性在社会上的地位越来越受人重视,各行各业也很多女性行行出状元,表现也不输给男生,我认为就算是女生也可以跟男生一样,做自己喜欢的行业,追求属于自己的梦想,并没有什么男女之分或不平等的待遇,不管是男生还是女生都是一样好,一样棒的。
像现在阿根廷现任的总统克莉丝汀娜,就是女生,她以四成六的选票,高票当选,今年五十四岁,是位受人民重视及信赖的女总统,我觉得她非常的厉害,竟当上国之首,她一定历经了许多的关卡,也遇到了许多的挫折,因为还是有很多人反对女性当一国之首而感到不满,不过她却不放弃,勇于追随自己的梦想,真是女性的一个榜样呢!我相信不管是不是女生,只要有心,也能有好成就,也能成为最闪亮的主角!。
男女平等征文500字左右篇一男女平等哎呀,说到男女平等,这可真是个让人头疼又不得不面对的大问题!可能有人觉得,现在都啥时代了,男女早就平等啦,可真的是这样吗?我觉得吧,也许在一些大城市,在一些受过高等教育的人群里,男女平等确实做得还不错。
女生能和男生一样读书、工作,追求自己的梦想。
但在一些小地方,或者某些传统观念根深蒂固的家庭里,重男轻女的思想还是存在的。
就比如说,有些家庭觉得女孩子读书没用,早早就让出去打工赚钱,补贴家里的男孩子。
这公平吗?这难道就是所谓的平等?再说说工作吧,有些工作岗位招聘的时候,明明女生的能力更强,可就因为性别,愣是把人家拒之门外。
这难道不是歧视?我就想问了,凭啥呀?女生咋就不行啦?我自己也有过这样的经历。
有一次参加学校的活动,老师选人的时候,总觉得男生更能干,女生只能打打下手。
哼,我当时就不服气了,凭啥这么小看我们女生?后来我们几个女生一起努力,把任务完成得漂漂亮亮的,让老师都刮目相看。
也许有人会说,女生体力不如男生,有些工作确实不适合。
可我想说,现在又不是靠体力吃饭的时代,靠的是脑子,是智慧!女生的细心、耐心,说不定在很多工作中更有优势呢!男女平等,不应该只是一句口号,而应该真正落实到生活的方方面面。
大家说,对不对?篇二男女平等嘿,朋友们!今天咱们来聊聊“男女平等”这个热辣辣的话题!你们有没有发现,有时候社会好像给男生和女生画了个不一样的框框?比如说,男生就得勇敢、刚强,女生就得温柔、细腻。
这难道不是一种刻板印象吗?我就觉得,凭啥呀!我有个闺蜜,学习特别好,梦想是当一名工程师。
可她家里人却说:“女孩子家家的,学什么工程,以后找个安稳的工作,嫁个好人就行了。
”这把我闺蜜气得够呛,她大喊:“我为什么不能追求自己的梦想?就因为我是女生?”还有啊,在职场上,男生要是事业有成,大家都说他有本事;女生要是事业有成,可能就有人在背后指指点点,说她不顾家。
这公平吗?也许有人会说,女生要生孩子、照顾家庭,所以在事业上会受影响。
思路:男女平等的概念,现状,原因,反思不平的的优缺所谓的。
男女平等,是指男女两性在婚姻家庭关系中,享有同等的权利,负担同等的义务男女平等一直是人们对于生活的想往,对生活态度的美好畅想,然而事实表明,从古到近,男女不平等的现象是一直存在并且从未稳定的,众所周知,妇女受压迫和男女不平等是阶级社会存在的一种普遍现象,不同的社会分工模式决定了男女在社会生产中地位和作用的不同,也形成了一套男主外女主内、男尊女卑、男高女低、男主女从、男优女劣的价值判断体系。
当社会发展到了社会主义,男女不平等的现状依然存在,在社会主义市场经济背景下,不同的所有制与社会分工依然存在,依然是制约人类不平等包括男女不平等的重要因素,而且,传统的社会意识形态也对男女不平等起着推波助澜的作用,社会制度的不完善,也使男女不平等面临一定的制度和体制障碍。
1性别分工的大众文化心理积淀是构成从男女不平等的历史根源(分段)自从人类告别母系社会以来,就逐渐形成了以男性为主导、女性从属的社会结构。
男性在社会的、政治和经济的、家庭生活中始终占主导地位,与之相对应的社会是希望女性从属于男性。
社会对女性的预期就是“十月怀胎”、“哺育婴儿”、“操持家务”、“照顾老人”;好象这都是“天经地义的”,是由女性生物性别决定的。
因此,当一个婴儿呱呱坠地,社会就按照这一模式完成对他(她)们的社会化。
有专家这样评价:“社会化的过程是使男性男性化、使女性女性化的过程。
这个过程从孩子降临到这个世界上之后就开始了,这是一个广义的教育过程,包括家庭教育、学前教育、学校教育、社会影响、媒介教育等等。
这些正规非正规、正式非正式的教育将把不同性别的预期传递给男性和女性,并示范着男女的性别角色。
一个经典的家庭教育中性别角色社会化的例子就是父母给男孩子枪而给女孩子布娃娃。
如果关注一下电视广告,就会发现,男的是医生、女的是护士,爸爸外出工作、妈妈洗衣做饭”[4].这种按照男权社会结构示范和要求新一代学习自己角色的社会化过程,塑造了一代又一代符合社会“规范”的男女性别角色。
如何才能达到男女平等作文
说到男女平等,咱们得先认清楚男女之间的差异。
不是说要弱
化谁,是得明白,男生女生本来就不一样,身体、心理、社会角色
都各有特色。
尊重这些差异,咱们的社会才能更和谐,每个人才能
自由发展。
不过啊,尊重差异只是第一步。
咱们还得通过教育,打破那些
老掉牙的性别偏见。
学校、社会都得行动起来,告诉孩子们,性别
不是枷锁,是让我们更丰富多彩的元素。
女生可以追梦,男生也能
在家帮忙做饭带孩子。
说到平等,法律保障可是关键。
得立法保护女性,让她们在职场、学校、政治舞台上都有平等的机会。
对性别歧视、性骚扰这些
行为,法律得狠狠打击,让社会更加公正。
当然了,实现男女平等得靠咱们每个人。
别带着有色眼镜看人,得用平等的眼光去对待每个人。
比如,多听听女生的意见,让男生
也参与家务,尊重每个人的职业选择。
这些小事儿,积累起来,就
能让社会变得更加平等和美好。
男女平等范文男女平等是社会发展的必然趋势,也是人类社会进步的重要标志。
在当今社会,男女平等已经成为了一种普遍的价值观念,得到了广泛的认可和支持。
然而,尽管取得了一定的进展,但在现实生活中,男女之间的不平等现象依然存在,需要我们共同努力去解决。
首先,男女平等是一种基本的人权。
每个人,不论是男性还是女性,都应该享有平等的权利和机会。
然而,在一些地区和行业,女性依然面临着就业歧视、薪酬不平等、职业晋升困难等问题。
这不仅影响了女性的发展,也阻碍了整个社会的进步。
因此,我们需要加强对性别歧视的监督和制止,建立公平的就业环境,保障男女在工作岗位上的平等权利。
其次,男女平等是社会发展的需要。
在当今社会,男女双方都承担着家庭、社会和国家的发展责任。
因此,男女之间的平等合作和共同发展是推动社会进步的重要动力。
在家庭中,男女应该平等分担家务和育儿责任,共同承担起家庭的重担。
在职场上,男女应该享有平等的机会和待遇,共同为企业的发展贡献力量。
只有男女之间形成良好的合作关系,社会才能实现全面发展和繁荣。
最后,男女平等是文明社会的表现。
一个文明的社会应该是一个充满包容和平等的社会。
男女之间的平等不仅体现了社会的公正和公平,也展现了社会的文明和进步。
因此,我们应该努力消除男女之间的不平等现象,促进男女之间的和谐关系,共同建设一个更加美好的社会。
总之,男女平等是一个长期而艰巨的任务,需要我们共同努力去实现。
只有通过全社会的努力,才能逐步消除男女之间的不平等现象,实现男女平等的目标。
让我们携起手来,共同为男女平等而努力!。
男女平等议论文男女平等的作文男女平等的作文(一)《简·爱》是一部生命力顽强的书——即使它只是叙述了一个平凡的女孩子的成长故事。
那么吸引我们眼球的是什么呢?是简的内在,她的勇气、爱、与自尊。
简从小就失去了双亲,原先是被送进舅父家,却被暴力相待。
最后被送进了罗沃德孤儿院,却仍受到了精神和肉体上的摧残。
后来她登广告谋求家庭教师的职业,被桑恩费尔德庄园的女管家聘用。
一个黄昏,简外出散步,与归来的主人偶遇。
在一个深夜,简被一种令人毛骨悚然的奇怪笑声吓醒,发现罗切斯特的房间失火,叫醒了他并救了他。
当罗切斯特向简求婚时,简答应了他。
婚礼进行时,突然有人出证:罗契斯特先生的妻子就是疯女人。
法律阻碍了他们的爱情,简离开了罗契斯特。
后来,简回到桑恩费尔德庄园,那座宅子已成废墟,疯女人放火后坠楼身亡,罗契斯特也受伤致残。
简找到他并和他结了婚,得到了自己理想的幸福生活。
简是个值得我们学习与尊重的女孩。
她是那样性格坚强,朴实,刚柔并济,独立自主,积极进取的女性。
她出身卑微,相貌平凡,但她并不以此自卑。
她蔑视权贵的骄横,嘲笑他们的愚笨,显示出自立自强的人格和美好的理想。
她有顽强的生命力,从不向命运低头。
而《简·爱》之所以出色,是因为她独立,她勇敢,她有自尊——这是19世纪的女性所缺乏的。
“我们生来就平等。
”简的这句话着实令人热血沸腾。
在19世纪社会对女性的严重歧视中,简以她女性的尊严告诉了人类,人,生来就是平等的——是的,平等。
而男女平等,在那个歧视女性的年代,是十分可笑的。
可是,当简说出了这样意味无穷的话时,却也足以引起一场大的轰动。
有人笑这个女人痴心妄想,有人在一旁冷嘲热讽着所谓的男女平等,但有更多的人——特别是女人,会默默地支持这种思想!简以一个女人的身份告诉了每个人,男女平等!人生来平等,不管你是男是女,贫穷或富有,在精神上,每个人都是平等的,绝对不分贵贱!——没有女人,何来男人?“Everyoneisbornequal。
论男女平等毕业论文 The latest revision on November 22, 2020毕业设计(论文)题目:论男女平等基本国策准考证号:学生姓名:院系:专业:年级:联系电话:成绩:年月日摘要男女平等基本国策的确立以平等权威宪法基础。
并且,我国宪法在男女平等问题上,不光确立了其形式平等,也着力保障男女在政治、经济、文化社会和家庭的生活各方面的实质平等。
经验证明,男女达到实质平等不仅需要宪法上的保护,更要通过差别立法来保障和落实。
因此,男女间实质平等离不开“口号叫得响,行动落得实”的基本国策。
关键词:基本国策平等权男女平等形式平等实质平等AbstractThe establishment of the basic state policy of equality between men and women as equal authority constitution. And, our constitution in the equality of men and women, not onlyestablished its form, and strive to ensure equality of men and women in the political, economic and cultural social and familylife in the essence of equality. Experience has shown that men and women are equal in essence to not only need constitutional protection, but also through the difference legislation toprotect and carry out. Therefore, the essence of equalitybetween men and women on the slogan that ring, action end upreal "basic state policy.Keywords: basic state policy of equality between men and women equality form equality are equal in essence目录结束语 (10)一、基本国策的含义及意义基本国策是指国家指定一切方针、政策所遵循的行动准则,是全国上下共同努力的目标,被誉为“国家发展的指针”。
严格意义上而言,某方面的政策上升到基本国策必须法定——不仅因为这样才具有长期性和稳定性,还因为这样才能确保在实施中“依法行政”。
一般而言,某方面的政策应该满足一下三个标准才可能成为基本国策:基本国策应是基本国情决定的某类具有全局性、长期性、战略性意义的问题的系统对策,反映了国家在解决此类问题上的国家意志,具有高层次、长时效、广范围、跨部门等特点。
2 基本国策并非笼统的宏观指导原则或政策取向,而应针对某类在经济发展中容易被忽视的基本国情,并和国家的基本发展理念与时俱进,能更全面的反映发展力量。
3 基本国策之间应该是平等的不应再有包含关系或指导关系。
因此,我国男女平等基本国策即属此例。
1995年在第四次世界妇女大会开幕式上,江泽民代表中国政府庄严提出:“实现男女平等是衡量社会文明的重要尺度。
我们十分重视妇女的进步和发展,把男女平等作为促进我国社会发展的一项基本国策。
”这是中国政府第一次向国际社会公开承诺,把男女平等作为一项国家基本国策。
从此以后,我国形成了一系列具有全局性、长期性、战略性的体质,以用来解决男女平等问题,它规定、制约和引导一般的具体政策制定和实施,并未相关领域的政策协调提供上位依据。
二、平等权:男女平等基本国策的宪法基础宣扬平等的人权意识,则是近代以来的事。
1789年,法国大革命在革命的旗帜上赫然写上“自由、平等、博爱”的口号,并在《人权宣言》中宣布:“在权力方面,人们生来是而且始终是自由平等的。
”却并没有把平等权利列入个人自由权利。
①法国1793年宪法将平等权列举为个人自然权利,并且居于首位,规定:“所有的人按其本性都是平等的,在法律面前都是平等的。
”此后,虽然平等权的位置下移至自由权之后,但具有普遍性的平等已经定格在人权法律之中,各国宪法分别以“平等法律保护”“法律面前一律平等”等规范形式,确定了平等权。
《世界人权宣言》更是明确宣布:“人人生而自由,在尊严和权力上一律平等。
不分种族、肤色、性别、语言、宗教、政治、或其他见解、国籍或社会出生、财产、出生或其他身份的任何区别”。
平等权成为了一项重要人权。
然而人人平等又走过了一段从男女不平等到男女平等的艰难旅途。
在半殖民地半封建的旧中国,由于延续数千年的封建制度以及长期受男性文化观念的影响,导致两性不仅仅在生理上的性别差异,更重要的是存在社会性别差异,即“男尊女卑”。
女性一直处于被统治、被奴役的地位,政治上无权、经济上依附、社会上无地位、婚姻不自主、身心上受摧残,且一直依靠“男性赋权”。
新中国成立后中国妇女获得了历史性解放。
男女平等终于得以实现,在“54宪法”上第85条规定:“中华人民共和国公民在法律上一律平等”。
从此,中国妇女不仅取得了与男子平等的法律地位,还在社会建设实践中发挥着生力军的作用,撑起了中国社会的“半边天”。
“82宪法”继承并发展了“54宪法”的规定,在第48条特别指出:“国家保护妇女的权利和利益,实行男女同工同酬,培养和选拔妇女干部。
”宪法的上述规定彰显了平等权所具有的概括性的特征,是平等权在性别方面的体现,又可称为男女平等权。
三、男女平等:从形式平等到实质平等形式平等是指法律待遇的均一化,即抽象的法层次上的名义上的平等;实质平等是指事实关系的均一化即社会经济关系的事实上均等。
②就男女平等而言,前者以不承认男女之间存在合理差别为前提,在立法上主张取消对妇女的一切特殊优惠,追求无差别的男女平等;后者以承认男女之间存在合理差别为前提,就某些方面在一定程度上通过立法对妇女予以特殊照顾,追求有差别的男女平等。
形式平等否认男女间存在合理差别,让境况不同的男女在同一起跑线上可能导致更大的事实上的不平等。
源于形式平等的这种局限性,20世纪以后,人们以实质平等对形式平等进行修正和补充。
实质平等是接受合理差别、拒绝不合理差别的平等,因此如何界定差别是否合理为一“最难对付的问题”,这就成为实质平等最为关键的环节。
卢梭认为人类有两种不平等:一种被他称之为自然的或生理上的不平等,因为它是由自然造成的,包括年龄、健康状况、体力以及心理或精神素质的差别;另一种称之为伦理或政治上的不平等,因为它取决于一种协约,并且这种协约是由某些人专门享受且往往有损于他人的各种特权(如比他人更富有、更高贵、更有权势,或者甚至要求他人服从他们)组成的。
③在卢梭看来,精神上的或政治上的不平等是违反自然法的,因为它是私有财产的第一后果。
其中第一种不平等,由于它是“自然的”,也就意味着它是符合自然法的。
因此,卢梭断言,实在法所认可的精神上的不平等,应与生理上的不平等相称;否则便与自然法相抵触。
④在自然的或生理上的不平等中,卢梭没有特别提及性别,但因性别而产生的不同属于他所讨论的自然的或生理上的不平等是不言而喻的。
由此,我们可以得出以下结论:1男女在法律立法上应不平等;2法律上确认的男女不平等应与男女生理或自然的不平等相称,否则违反自然法违背社会正义。
随着生物学和人类社会学的发展和进步,人类对男女性别差异的认识逐步深入。
一项关于男女两性对建筑物认知程度的调查显示,仅就建筑方面的知识而言,男性所具有的理论水平和实践水平平均高于女性。
如对身边的建筑的关注程度,男性为95%,女性为80%;对建筑的土木结构及配套设施的管线布局的熟悉程度男性为35%,女性为5%。
⑤而且社会心理科学研究显示,男女两性间的差异不仅限于此。
比如,成年女性患抑郁症的几率是男性的两倍,而男人则更容易患上自闭症和精神分裂症。
女性的大脑比起男性要多出15%的灰色物质,而这一部分主管着人类思维。
男人的脑袋里含有更多的白色物质,男人往往对空间的认知力更胜一筹。
女人大脑的白色物质集中在主管语言的大脑半球,因而女人天生就具备语言天赋。
女人脑部供血速度快于男人而大脑供血速度快则会减慢认知力的衰退。
⑥这样的调查结论说明了男女在生理上的若干差异,却无法得出孰优孰劣的结论。
社会心理学家告诫我们要牢记这一事实:“男性和女性各自的个体差异远远超过性别差异。
女性和男性并不是完全相反的两种性别,他们更像是一个人的两只手,相似但却不完全一样,彼此非常协调,但当他们仅仅相握时却有所差异。
”⑦科学研究的成果为我们解读男女两性,认识男女差异提供了理论依据;也促成了以承认差异为前提的追求男女实质平等的主流观念的形成,并使这一观念反映于立法之中。
现代社会大多数国家男女平等立法走的正是承认差别的实质平等路线,我国也不例外。
我国宪法第48条规定:“中华人民共和国妇女在政治的、经济的、文化的、社会的和家庭的生活各方面享有通过男子平等的权利。
国家保护妇女的权利和意义,实行男女同工同酬,培养和选拔妇女干部。
”这一规定不仅体现形式上的男女平等,也实现了男女间的实质平等。
反观无差别的形式平等,则在一些国家陷入了“山穷水尽疑无路”的窘境。
如美国全国妇女党代表艾丽斯·保罗于1923年向国会提交了平等权利修正案,内容只有短短一句:“在美国及其所辖每个地区男女应拥有平等的权利,国会有权制定适当立法实施这一条款。
”这一法案被扼杀于司法委员会,连举行听政的资格都没有。
而最具有戏剧性、也颇值得玩味的是,大部分女权主义者充当了反对派的急先锋。
他们认为“平等权利”意味着“取消一切特殊优惠”,那么把男女平权写入宪法,会使在19世纪末到20世纪初的男女进步运动中美国女权主义者竭尽全力促使各州通过一系列保护女工的法律失效。
⑧由此可见,男女平等的真谛不在形式平等而在实质平等,其生理发展的性别差异是客观存在的,男女平等必须建立在充分承认性别差异的基础上,实质平等需要透过一个又一个队妇女给予“特殊优惠”的法律条文来实现。
于是,一个现实问题摆在我们面前:男女实质平等无法单纯通过宪法的保护得以实现,它需要通过具体立法予以保障。
因此要实现差别立法。
四、男女平等:要实现差别立法,要口号也要行动从性别的视角来考察法律,现代法律与过去法律相比,一个最大的进步,就是基本上消除了歧视妇女的条款。
由于形势上的就“无歧视平等”的法律,并不是公正的法律,不可能实现“无利差平等”,即实质平等要实现男女之间的无利害的实质平等,真正体现了男女两性的公平和正义,就需要有新的立法和保障。