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Unit14 I remember meeting all of you in Grade 7单元测试题（满分100分）班级_______ 姓名___________ 分数___________一、单项选择（15分）( )1.Welcome you all to China and enjoy ________ here.A.yourselfB.yourselvesC.themselvesD.himself( )2 -Could you tell me how long ________the hook?-At most one month.A.I can keepB.can I borrowC.I can borrowD.can I keep( )3-Why are you worried?－I'm expecting a call from my daughter. She ________New York for three days.A. has left forB.has been toC.has been inD.has come in ( )4-Do you remember ________ me in Kunming?－Yes,of course.Two years ago.A.to seeB.seeC.seeingD.saw( )5 Please remember the following things when you are in the museum.________,don't touch the things. Second, don't make noise.A.First of allB.By the wayC.In factD.So far( )6.He used to ____problems________ along with his classmates, but he can get on well with them now.A.have;getB.has;getsC.have;gettingD.having;getting ( )7.-Well,it is time to________.－So it is. Otherwise , we may miss the train.A.take upB.set upC.take outD.set out( )8.-Congratulations!You have won the first prize in the English Contest.-________!A.Thank youB.Good ideaC.Of courseD. Enjoy yourself( )9.－When did the classroom have a power cut?－This morning,while we ________ a physics lesson.A.have hadB.were havingC.are havingD.will have( )10.With the development of science and technology, robot cooks ________in our families in the future.A.appearB.appearedC.will appearD.is appearing( )11.You can't imagine how much they ________knowledge!A.are thirsty forB.are famous forC.are good forD.is thirst for( )12.1'm________the trip during which we can go wherever we want to go.－You'll take me, and I'll take the money.A.taking part inB.taking care ofC.looking back atD.looking forward to ( )13.As students,we should ________ourselves. We can't spend much time playing computer games.A.be responsible forB.be proud ofC.be popular withD.be thankful to( )14.-Can I come today or tomorrow? ________is OK. I'm busy today and tomorrow. A.Either B.Neither C.Each D.None( )15.－Over 100 countries and organizations ________warm support to the Belt and Road initiative(倡议）since 2013.－Wonderful!Our circle of friends is growing bigger!A.giveB.have givenC.gaveD.will give二、完形填空。
沪科版九年级物理第十四章单元测试题（含答案）一、单选题1．甲、乙两小球用绝缘细绳悬挂，下列四种情况中，甲、乙两球一定都带电的是（）A． B． C． D．2．下列说法正确的是（）A．摩擦起电的过程中创造了电荷B．电路中有电源就一定会有持续的电流C．两节新干电池串联电压为3VD．电路都是由电源、开关、导线和灯泡组成的3．根据如下左图所示的实物电路，与该实物连接相对应的电路图是图中的（）A．B．C．D．4．如上右图所示，电路中两个小灯泡均正常发光，则下列说法正确的是（）A．开关S只控制灯泡L1B．电流表A1测量灯泡L1电流C．电流表A2测量L2电流D．电流表A1、A2的示数一定相等5．抗击新型冠状病毒需要随时监测体温，小沙同学利用热敏电阻R和定值电阻R设计了一个“温度计”的模拟电路。
热敏电阻R的阻值随温度的升高而减小，他把电表的刻度值都改为相应的温度值，且温度升高时电表的示数变大，在图所示的电路图中，闭合开关，符合设计要求的是（）A．B．C．D．6．如下左图所示的电路图S1和S2都闭合，以下说法中正确的是（）（6题）（8题）（9题）A．电动机和小灯泡串联B．如果小灯泡烧了，电动机也停止工作C．流过电动机的电流和流过小灯泡的电流一定相等D．电动机两端的电压和小灯泡两端的电压相等7．关于电流表和电压表的使用，下列说法不正确的是（）A．电流表不能直接连接到电源两极 B．应先使用小量程进行“试触”C．使用前应检查指针是否对准零刻度线 D．电压表使用时应与待测用电器并联8．将全新的2节干电池、开关、完好的电流表、电压表、小灯泡连接成如上中图所示的电路，各处接触良好。
当开关闭合后，会出现（）A．电流表示数约为0，电压表示数约为3V B．小灯泡发光较暗C．电流表示数约为0，电压表示数约为0V D．电流表可能被烧坏9．如上右图，电源电压恒定不变，闭合开关S，电路正常工作一段时间后，电压表V2的示数变大，出现这一现象的原因可能是（）A．灯L的灯丝可能烧断B．电阻R可能短路C．灯L的亮度可能不变D．电阻R可能断路10．如下左图甲是常见的手持式电子测温仪，图乙是它的工作原理图。
九上物理《内能的利用》单元测试卷一．选择题（共10小题）1．下列现象中，利用了自然界的机械能资源的是（）A．村庄里的沼气池B．齐跃山风力发电C．新疆地热发电D．硅光电池板供电2．下列有关能量转化的表述中，正确的是（）A．汽油机做功冲程中，机械能转化为内能B．空中悬停的直升机的机械能不断增大C．匀速上升的电梯中的人，他的机械能不变D．电饭锅工作时电能转化为内能3．用两块铜片、热电偶、电动机（带风扇）组成一个电路，铜片1插在90℃热水中，铜片2放在空气中，如图所示，半分钟左右风扇发生转动，这就是温差发电现象。
有关该实验过程的说法，正确的是（）A．温差发电的实质是内能转化为电能B．温差发电不遵守能量守恒定律C．热水的内能全部转化成风扇的机械能D．两块铜片有温度差，风扇就会转4．下列关于能量的转化和守恒的说法中错误的是（）A．“既要马儿跑，又要马儿不吃草”违背了能量守恒定律B．酒精燃烧时，将化学能转化为内能C．发电机发电时，将机械能转化为电能D．人们对太阳能的开发和利用，说明能量可以凭空产生5．下列关于能量转化的说法中不正确的是（）A．水电站里水轮机带动发电机发电，机械能转化为电能B．电动机带动水泵把水送到高处，电能转化为机械能C．植物吸收太阳光进行光合作用，光能转化为化学能D．燃料燃烧时放热，机械能转化为内能6．下列现象与相关物理知识相符的是（）A．夏天吹电风扇，人感到凉爽﹣﹣蒸发吸热降温B．课间外面想起了悠扬的笛子声，正在学习的小明戴上耳塞﹣﹣这是在传播过程中减弱噪声C．在质量相同的情况下，运动越快的石头越难停下来﹣﹣速度大惯性大D．天舟一号发射用液氢做燃料﹣﹣因为氢的比热容大7．下列有关热机的说法正确的是（）A．柴油机顶部是火花塞，吸气冲程吸入的是空气B．热机的工作原理是将内能转化为机械能C．内燃机压缩冲程时体积增大，内能减少，温度升高D．热机效率可以等于18．某热机效率是40%，表示它每做100J的有用功，需要（）A．消耗燃料放出400J的内能B．消耗燃料放出250J的内能C．消耗燃料放出40J的内能D．40s的时间9．如图所示，四冲程内燃机工作循环中一个冲程的示意图，它是（）A．压缩冲程，将内能转化为机械能B．压缩冲程，将机械能转化为内能C．做功冲程，将内能转化为机械能D．做功冲程，将机械能转化为内能10．某四冲程内燃机的活塞每秒钟完成15个工作循环，那么（）A．内燃机的转速是900转/分B．每分钟对外做功900次C．每分钟对外做功1800次D．每分钟对外做功15次二．多选题（共5小题）11．下列说法中正确的是（）A．一个物体能够做功，这物体就具有能B．一个物体具有能，它一定在做功C．运动速度越大的物体，它能够做的功一定越多D．动能越大的物体，它能够做的功一定越多12．下列关于能量及其转化的一些说法中正确的是（）A．被举高的物体具有的能量叫重力势能B．蓄电池放电时是把化学能转化为电能C．物体的动能与物体的重力和速度有关D．动能和势能在转化时机械能总保持守恒13．有关能量守恒定律，下列说法中不正确的是（）A．能量守恒定律只适用于机械能与内能的相互转化B．能量守恒定律只适用于能量转化过程C．“摩擦生热”是创造了热，它不符合能量守恒定律D．按照能量守恒定律，宇宙中的能量总和永远不会增减14．关于内能及其应用（已知c水＞c煤油），下列说法正确的是（）A．燃料的热值越大，燃烧时放出的热量越多B．物体的温度升高，内能一定增加C．热机效率高的汽油机甲比热机效率低的汽油机乙消耗的汽油多D．质量、初温相同的水和煤油放出相同的热量后，水的温度高于煤油的温度15．下面关于汽油机与柴油机的说法中，正确的是（）A．汽油机与柴油机使用的燃料不同B．柴油机和汽油机做功冲程都是将内能转化为机械能C．柴油机气缸顶部有个喷油嘴，汽油机气缸顶部有个火花塞D．汽油机和柴油机的效率没有差别、完全相同三．填空题（共5小题）16．请你将下面的概念图补充完整。
九年级物理第十四章《内能的利用》测试题一．选择题（每题3分，共54分）1、“绿色理念”要求从根本上减小乃至杜绝污染，下列对农作物收割后留下的秸秆的处理方法中，不符合“绿色理念”的是（）A.就地焚烧B.发酵后作为农家肥C.加工成饮料瓶D.发酵制沼气2、如图所示为内燃机工作时的某冲程示意图，该冲程是（）A．吸气冲程B．压缩冲程C．做功冲程 D．排气冲程3、甲乙两台柴油机，甲的效率低于乙的效率，意义是（）A.甲的功率大于乙的功率B.甲消耗的燃料多于乙消耗的燃料C.乙将燃料燃烧放出的能变成有用功的那部分能的比例比甲大D.工作相同时间甲消耗的燃料一定比乙少4、关于热机错误的说法是（）A.利用内能来做功的机器叫热机B.蒸汽机、内燃机、燃气轮机、喷气发动机都叫热机C.一切热机的工作过程都包括四个冲程D.用来做有用功的那部分能量和燃料完全燃烧放出的能量之比叫做热机的效率5、一台单缸四冲程柴油机转速为1200转/min，则柴油机1s内（）A、完成20个冲程，做功20次B、完成40个冲程，做功40次C、完成40个冲程，做功10次D、完成20个冲程，做功10次6、如图所示为生活中常用的热水瓶，注入一定量的热水后，立即盖上软木塞，软木塞常会跳起来。
内燃机的哪个冲程与这一现象的能量转化相同（）A. 吸气冲程B. 压缩冲程C. 做功冲程D. 排气冲程7、下列现象中，利用内能做功的是（）A．冬天在户外时两手相搓一会儿就暖和B．车刀在砂轮的高速磨擦之下溅出火花C．在烈日之下柏油路面被晒熔化了D．火箭在“熊熊烈火”的喷射中冲天而起8、四冲程内燃机工作的共同特点错误的是（）A．都有燃料进入汽缸B．将燃料燃烧放出的内能传递给工作物质，使工作物质受热膨胀，对外作功C．都能把燃料燃烧所释放出的内能全部转化为机械能D．一个工作循环中有三个冲程都要靠飞轮的惯性来完成9、关于家用小汽车的说法正确的是（）A．小汽车的发动机一般用汽油机B．汽车发动机用循环水冷却是因为水的热量多C．汽车在行驶过程中，动能保持不变 D．质量好的车，汽油机效率可达120%10、1964年，人类制成了世界上第一盏用海浪发电的航标灯，它的气室示意图如图5所示，其工作原理是利用海浪上下起伏的力量将空气吸入气室，压缩后再推入工作室，然后推动涡轮机带动发电机发电，那么（）A．当海水下降时，阀门K1开启，阀门K2关闭B．当海水上升时，阀门K1关闭，阀门K2开启C．航标灯消耗的电能是空气的机械能转化来的D．航标灯消耗的电能是海水的机械能转化来的11、柴油机的效率比汽油机的效率高，主要原因是（）A．柴油的热值比汽油热值大B．柴油机和汽油机的点火方式不同C．汽油机的做功冲程用电火花点燃方式，浪费了一部分能量D．做功冲程中柴油机汽缸内的燃气产生的压强和温度比汽油机里的高12、对于燃料的热值, 下列说法中,属于正确理解的是：（）A、燃料的热值跟燃料燃烧时放出的热量成正比；B、燃料的热值跟燃料的质量成正比；C、容易燃烧的燃料热值一定大。
2018-2019学年九年级物理全册第十四章《内能的利用》单元综合测试题（含解析）（新版）新人教版编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（2018-2019学年九年级物理全册第十四章《内能的利用》单元综合测试题（含解析）（新版）新人教版）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。
本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为2018-2019学年九年级物理全册第十四章《内能的利用》单元综合测试题（含解析）（新版）新人教版的全部内容。
《内能的利用》单元测试题一、单选题(每小题只有一个正确答案) 1。
已知甲种燃料的热值大于乙种燃料的热值，下列说法中正确的是（）A．甲种燃料含有的热量比乙种燃料多B．完全燃烧一定质量的甲种燃料，刚好烧开一壶水,那么用同样质量的乙种燃料就不能烧开这壶水C．燃烧相同质量的两种燃料，甲种放出的热量多D．只要通风条件好，供氧充足，乙的热值可能大于甲的热值2。
从能量转换的角度看，一台四冲程内燃机在一个循环中,存在着机械能转化为内能过程的是( ）A．吸气冲程B．压缩冲程C．做功冲程D．排气冲程3.已知烟煤的热值是2.9×107J/kg,那么（）A． 2kg的烟煤燃烧时,一定能放出5。
8×107J 的热量B． 1kg的烟煤完全燃烧，一定能放出2。
9×107J 的热量C． 2kg的烟煤温度降低1℃时，放出2.9×107J 的热量D． 10kg烟煤的热值是2。
9×108J/kg4.如图所示是四冲程汽油机的其中一个冲程的剖面图，下列说法正确的是（ )A．该冲程是压缩冲程B．该冲程中活塞向上运动C．该冲程是内能转化为机械能的过程D．该冲程是机械能转化为内能的过程5.一种叫做“压电陶瓷”的电子元件，当对它挤压或拉伸时，它的两端就会形成一定的电压,这种现象称为压电效应。
2018年九年级第13、14章拔高练习题(含答案和详细解析)(word版可编辑修改)编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（2018年九年级第13、14章拔高练习题(含答案和详细解析)(word版可编辑修改)）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。
本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为2018年九年级第13、14章拔高练习题(含答案和详细解析)(word版可编辑修改)的全部内容。
2018年九年级第13、14章拔高练习题（含答案和详细解析）一、选择题1、如图，礼花筒利用筒内的高压空气膨胀，将彩带喷向空中，产生喜庆效果。
则高压空气膨胀过程中（）A. 对外做功内能增加B。
分子热动加剧C. 内能转化为机械能D。
向外界传递热量2、下列有关热和能的说法正确的是（）A。
对物体做功,物体内能一定增大 B。
柴油机在压缩冲程中汽缸内空气的内能增大C。
晶体在熔化过程中内能保持不变 D。
电流通过导体产生的热只与电流大小有关3、如图所示，2018年4月2日8时15分左右，，天宫一号目标飞行器进入大气层,绝大部分器件在进入大气层过程中烧蚀销毁，剩余部分落入南太平洋中部区域。
天宫一号飞行器在这个过程中，下列说法正确的是（ )A。
动能和重力势能都增加 B.机械能保持不变C。
内能是通过做功的方式改变的 D.减少的重力势能全部转化成内能4、下列关于温度、内能和热量的说法，正确的是（）A。
0 ℃的冰没有内能 B. 冬天搓手取暖是利用做功来改变内能C. 物体的温度越高，所含热量越多 D。
物体的机械能越多，其内能就越多5、下列说法正确的是（）A．热量总是从含有热量多的物体给热量少的物体B．物质的比热容与物体吸收的热量、物体的质量及物体温度的变化有关C．两个物体升高相同的温度，吸收的热量也一定相同D．没有吸热过程和放热过程，说热量是毫无意义的6、《舌尖上的中国2》聚焦于普通人的家常菜，让海内外观众领略了中华饮食之美。
九年级物理第十四章《内能的利用》测试题一．选择题（每题3分，共54分）1、“绿色理念”要求从根本上减小乃至杜绝污染，下列对农作物收割后留下的秸秆的处理方法中，不符合“绿色理念”的是（）A.就地焚烧B.发酵后作为农家肥C.加工成饮料瓶D.发酵制沼气2、如图所示为内燃机工作时的某冲程示意图，该冲程是（）A．吸气冲程B．压缩冲程C．做功冲程D．排气冲程3、甲乙两台柴油机，甲的效率低于乙的效率，意义是（）A.甲的功率大于乙的功率B.甲消耗的燃料多于乙消耗的燃料C.乙将燃料燃烧放出的能变成有用功的那部分能的比例比甲大D.工作相同时间甲消耗的燃料一定比乙少4、关于热机错误的说法是（）A.利用内能来做功的机器叫热机B.蒸汽机、内燃机、燃气轮机、喷气发动机都叫热机C.一切热机的工作过程都包括四个冲程D.用来做有用功的那部分能量和燃料完全燃烧放出的能量之比叫做热机的效率5、一台单缸四冲程柴油机转速为1200转/min，则柴油机1s内（）A、完成20个冲程，做功20次B、完成40个冲程，做功40次C、完成40个冲程，做功10次D、完成20个冲程，做功10次6、如图所示为生活中常用的热水瓶，注入一定量的热水后，立即盖上软木塞，软木塞常会跳起来。
内燃机的哪个冲程与这一现象的能量转化相同（）A. 吸气冲程B. 压缩冲程C. 做功冲程D. 排气冲程7、下列现象中，利用内能做功的是（）A．冬天在户外时两手相搓一会儿就暖和B．车刀在砂轮的高速磨擦之下溅出火花C．在烈日之下柏油路面被晒熔化了D．火箭在“熊熊烈火”的喷射中冲天而起8、四冲程内燃机工作的共同特点错误的是（）A．都有燃料进入汽缸B．将燃料燃烧放出的内能传递给工作物质，使工作物质受热膨胀，对外作功C．都能把燃料燃烧所释放出的内能全部转化为机械能D．一个工作循环中有三个冲程都要靠飞轮的惯性来完成9、关于家用小汽车的说法正确的是（）A．小汽车的发动机一般用汽油机B．汽车发动机用循环水冷却是因为水的热量多C．汽车在行驶过程中，动能保持不变D．质量好的车，汽油机效率可达120%10、1964年，人类制成了世界上第一盏用海浪发电的航标灯，它的气室示意图如图5所示，其工作原理是利用海浪上下起伏的力量将空气吸入气室，压缩后再推入工作室，然后推动涡轮机带动发电机发电，那么（）A．当海水下降时，阀门K1开启，阀门K2关闭B．当海水上升时，阀门K1关闭，阀门K2开启C．航标灯消耗的电能是空气的机械能转化来的D．航标灯消耗的电能是海水的机械能转化来的11、柴油机的效率比汽油机的效率高，主要原因是（）A．柴油的热值比汽油热值大B．柴油机和汽油机的点火方式不同C．汽油机的做功冲程用电火花点燃方式，浪费了一部分能量D．做功冲程中柴油机汽缸内的燃气产生的压强和温度比汽油机里的高12、对于燃料的热值, 下列说法中,属于正确理解的是：（）A、燃料的热值跟燃料燃烧时放出的热量成正比；B、燃料的热值跟燃料的质量成正比；C、容易燃烧的燃料热值一定大。
人教版九年级英语第十四单元测试卷第Ⅰ卷Ⅰ.单项选择（每小题1.5分，共30分）（)1.Do you know ________ there are any good restaurants ________ hereA .if; onB . how ; onC .if; nearD .where; to()2.—Can you tell me ________?—She is in the computer lab.A .where Lily wasB .where is LilyC .where was Lily D. where Lily is()3.Could you please tell me where ________ the post office?A .to find B. can I find C. finding D .find()4.I prefer reading books ________ playing computer games.A .forB .to C. with D. rather than()5 . Mr. Li always ________ weekends playing with his children.A .paysB .costs C. spends D .takes()6 .________ she was listening to the radio, she fell asleep.A. Before B .Since C .While D .After()7 .The soldiers were walking ________ a forest after they swam ________ the river.A .through; across B. across; throughC .through; cross D. cross; through()8 .—Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?—________.A .Yes, I can B.I couldC .Sure D.I could tell you()9.Will you go out and ________ with me after dinner?C. hang offD. hang in A .hang out B hang on()10.My friend asked me ________.A .if I will come to the partyB .what was wrong with meC. that he would help me to clean the roomD. how should he do it next()11.Every day we walk ________ a beautiful park.A .pass B. past C .cross D .out()12.Tom always spend too much time ________ football.A. play B to playC .playedD playing()13.His hard work ________ the success.A. led B .led from C .led to D .led on()14 .Don’t just believe t he advertisement. That kind of camera is ________ it says.A .as good asB .not as good as C. as well as D. not as well as()15.—How long can I ________ the book?—For two weeks.A. borrowB. lend C .keep D. buy()16.________ be late, she cut across the fields.A. In order toB. In order not toC. So as toD. So as not to()17.Reading English aloud in the morning ________ good for your English learning.A .be B. is C .are D. were()18.—Where is the bookstore?—Take the escalator _______ the second floor and turn left .The bookstore is _______ the furniture store and the drugstore.A .at; next to B. at; between C .to; between D .to; next to()19.—Do you know ________ the man with glasses is?—A reporter, I think.A .whatB .that C. who D .where()20.Could you please ________ us Mary’s telephone number?A. to give B .give C .giving D .to givingⅡ.完形填空(每小题2分，共20分)Last year Tom left school. He came to Taipei to __1__ a job. He went from one company to another but __2__ wanted him. Now he had little money. He had to go back to his small town. So he came to the station. He felt __3__ and tired. It was very late at night and the __4__ was full of people. They were waiting to __5__ tickets of the last train. He bought the last ticket, and he was very happy.At that time, a woman with a crying baby walked __6__ him. She asked him to sell her the ticket .He gave her the ticket. He thought they needed it __7__ than he did. After the train left, he sat on the bench (长凳) and didn’t know __8__ to go.Just then, an old man came and said, “Young man, I have __9__ what you did to the woman. I have a big company. I need a good young man like you. Would you like to work for me?” “Really?” Tom was very __10__ to hear that, “B ut you hardly know me.”“I know you are a good man.That’s quite enough.”()1.A.find B. see C .look D. buy()2.A.everyone B. no one C. nothing D .someone()3.A.happy B .interesting C .sad D .glad()4.A.city B. company C .farm D .station()5.A.buy B sell C. give D .pass()6.A.to B .off C. with D. from()7.A.less B .more C. smaller D. worse()8.A.when B .how C. why D where()9.A.seen B .done C. imagined D. believed()10.A.satisfied B. surprised C. disappointed D. interestedⅢ. 阅读理解(每小题2分，共10分)Everyone knows that there’s not enough land in Hong Kong. If you go there by air, you will land at Kai Tak Airport. It was built out into the sea. It is in the part of Hong Kong called Kowloon. Kowloon is one of the two big islands in Hong Kong.The other island is Hong Kong itself. You can get there by ship or through a tunnel (隧道) under the sea.The population of Hong Kong is more than six million. Chinese and English are spoken by many people there. Clothes, computers, radios, televisions are made in Hong Kong. It is a shopping center. You can buy all kinds of things there.Hong Kong is also a beautiful city. It is a good place for travelling. People from all over the world visit Hong Kong every year. You can watch dog-racing and motor-racing there. When you are hot and tired, you may rest in the small cool gardens. There are also a lot of tall buildings with comfortable rooms to live in. If you enjoy eating out, you can easily find a good place for deliciousfood. Foods of different flavors (风味) are served in Hong Kong.()1.Where was Kai Tak Airport built?A. It was built out into the sea.B .It was built out into the lake.C. It was built out into the river.D .It was built out into the pool.()2.What’s the populatio n of Hong Kong?A . Nearly 6 million.B. Less than 6 million.C .Over 6 million.D. Only 6 million.()3.How many products (产品) of Hong Kong are mentioned in this passage?A.7.B. 6.C.5.D.4.()4.According to the passage, we know that ________.A. Hong Kong is a big city with a large populationB .there are almost no factories in Hong KongC. few people visit Hong Kong every yearD. visitors can enjoy the comfortable rooms and delicious foods in Hong Kong()5.Which of the following sentences is NOT true according to the passage?A. Kai Tak Airport is in Kowloon.B. here’s a lot land in Hong Kong.C Many people in Hong Kong speak Chinese and English.D. Hong Kong is a beautiful city for traveling.第Ⅱ卷Ⅳ. 词汇运用(每小题2分，共20分)A、根据首字母或汉语提示完成单词。
第十四章综合测试一、单项选择题（共11小题；共22分）1.江海里的航标灯要求夜晚亮、白天熄。
人们利用半导体的有关特性制成了能自动点亮、熄灭的航标灯装置，实现了自动控制，这是利用了半导体的（）A.光敏性B.压敏性C.热敏性D.三种特性都利用了2.下列用电器中，可能不需要用到变阻器的是（）A.电视机B.收音机C.调光书写台灯D.手电筒3.图中，能正确描述电阻一定时，电流随电压变化的图象是（）A.B.C.D.4.李明同学在“探究通过导体的电流与其两端电压的关系”时，将记录的实验数据通过整理作出了如图所示的图象，下列说法中错误的是（）A.当在导体乙的两端加上1V的电压时，通过乙导体的电流为0.1AB.将甲、乙两导体并联接到电压为2V的电源上时，干路中的电流为0.6AC.导体甲的电阻小于导体乙的电阻D.导体两端的电压为零时，导体的电阻也为零5.下列四位科学家中，以他的名字命名电阻单位的是（）A.安培B.欧姆C.瓦特D.伏特6.如图是学生设计的模拟调光灯电路。
闭合开关后，移动回形针，发现灯泡发光，但亮度几乎不变，产生这一现象的原因可能是（）A.灯泡的阻值相对铅笔芯太大B.铅笔芯的总阻值太大C.灯泡被短路D.电源断路7.一位同学在做实验时，需要阻值为5欧的电阻一个，但手边只有4欧和10欧的电阻各两个，则下列办法可行的是（）A.将两个4欧的电阻串联起来B.将两个10欧的电阻并联起来C.将两个4欧的电阻并联起来D.将两个10欧的电阻串联起来8.小明用控制变量法探究电流与电阻的关系时，电路如图所示，在实验中，当A、B两点间的电阻由5Ω换成10Ω时，他下一步应采取的正确操作是（）A.只需将电池数增加一倍B.只需将电池数减半C.将滑动变阻器滑片适当向左移动D.将滑动变阻器滑片适当向右移动9.在研究“导体电阻的大小与哪些因素有关”的实验中，将一根粗细均匀的导体截成A、B两段后分别接入电路中，如图所示，则这是用来研究（）A.导体电阻与横截面积的关系B.导体电阻与材料的关系C.导体电阻与长度的关系D.导体电阻与温度的关系10.下列说法中，不正确的是（）A.相同的电压加在阻值不同的导体两端，电流一定不同B.用不同的电阻研究电流和电压的关系，得到的结论都一样C.同一电阻，它两端电压越大，通过它的电流也越大D.当加在某电阻两端的电压改变时，该电阻两端的电压与电流的比值也随着改变11.一根锰铜线的电阻为R，要使这根连入电路的导线电阻变小，可采用的方法是（）A .减小导线两端的电压B .增大导线中的电流C .将导线对折后连入电路D .将导线拉长后连入电路二、填空题（共8小题；共24分）12.就导电性能来说，有些物质如硅、锗等，其导电性能介于导体和绝缘体之间，称作________。
第十四章内能的利用过关测试试卷（满分100分，80分钟）一、选择题(每题2分，共32分）1．点火爆炸实验中,电子式火花发生器点燃盒中酒精蒸气,产生的燃气将塑料盒盖喷出很远.此过程的能量转化方式类似于汽油机的( ）。
A．吸气冲程B．压缩冲程C．做功冲程D．排气冲程【答案】C。
【解析】塑料盒相当于一个气缸，塑料盒的盖相当于活塞，酒精在塑料盒内燃烧，产生高温高压的燃气，推动塑料盒盖运动，把内能转化为机械能，这一过程与热机工作时的做功冲程类似。
故选C。
2．四冲程汽油机在工作过程中，将内能转化为机械能的冲程是（).A．吸气冲程B．压缩冲程C．做功冲程D．排气冲程【答案】D。
【解析】在做功冲程中,将高温高压燃气的内能转化为活塞的机械能,故选C。
3．下列流程图是用来说明单缸四冲程汽油机的一个工作循环及涉及到的主要能量转化情况。
关于对图中①②③④的补充正确的是（）。
A．①做功冲程②内能转化为机械能③压缩冲程④机械能转化为内能；B．①压缩冲程②内能转化为机械能③做功冲程④机械能转化为内能；C．①压缩冲程②机械能转化为内能③做功冲程④内能转化为机械能；D．①做功冲程②机械能转化为内能③压缩冲程④内能转化为机械能【答案】C.【解析】四冲程汽油机的一个循环，其工作顺序是吸气冲程→压缩冲程→做功冲程→排气冲程；从图中可以看出,①是压缩冲程，压缩冲程是将机械能转化为其内能；③是做功冲程，做功冲程是将内能转化为机械能。
关于对图中补充解释正确的是C。
4。
如图是四冲程汽油机的工作示意图，下列说法正确的是（)。
A。
甲是压缩冲程,为汽车提供动力；B.乙是吸气冲程，吸进汽油和空气的混合物；C.丙是做功冲程，把内能转化为机械能；D。
丁是排气冲程，排出废气【答案】C。
【解析】甲图：进气门、排气门关闭，气缸往上运动，压缩气缸内气体，故为压缩冲程；压缩冲程是把机械能转化为其内能，不是为汽车提供动力，故A错.乙图：进气门关闭，排气门打开，排除气缸内废气；故B 错。
第十四单元达标检测试卷一、单项选择。
1、There ______ a book on the floor.A.amB.isC.are2、He is as ____ as his father.A.tallB.tallerC.shorter3、What do you do _____ Monday?A.inB.atC.on4、____ do they go to school?----At 6 o’clock.A.WhenB.WhatC.Where5、Let’s ____ to the park!A.goB.to goC.going2、He____his homework at 9 o’clock yesterday.A.doesB.was doingC.did3、We can learn English by _____.A.watching TVB.watch TVC.to watch TV4、____ do you do exercise?----Once a week.A.How longB.How oftenC.How soon5、I go to school ____ bike.A.onB.ofC.by6、Are you good at______ football?A.playingB.playC.plays7、He can ____ English.A.speakB.sayC.tell8、There are many ____.A.bookB.treesC.water9、This is my brother. _____ name is Bill.A.HisB.HerC.My10、_____ is it now? ----It’s 11:00.A.WhereB.HowC.What time11、He is a teacher_____ teaches us English. A.who B.how C.what二、完形填空。
My life is always filled with sadness and little joy. However,no matter what happens, I can always face it bravely. Last year, Icouldn’t believe the 1 that I was able to enter the only keyhigh school in my hometown. Then I rushed to my home and toldmy parents. But my father didn’t seem as 2 as I was. He justkept smoking without saying a word and my mother put her headdown and couldn’t help 3 .I knew very well what my family was 4 . My mum hadbeen ill in bed for 2 years. We lived a 5 life and I couldn’tcontinue my schooling. I felt so upset but I could say 6 tomy parents. I decided to help my father with his work to supportthe family.To my surprise, things completely changed before thebeginning of the new term. My head teacher came to my familywith some 7 , which had been 8 by my schoolmates.He encouraged me, “Always have a dream.” With tears in myeyes, I stepped into the key high school.I have been studying hard since I entered the high school.Whenever I meet difficulties, I always 9 my teacher andschoolmates. I have a college dream and I must work hard for it,no matter 10 hard life is. Just as a great man says, “When onedoor shuts, another open in life.”1. A. idea B. story C. news D. thought2. A. nervous B. excited C. interested D. worried3. A. crying B. laughing C. saying D. shouting4. A. about B. before C. against D. like5. A. easy B. hard C. busy D. happy6. A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything7. A. books B. fruits C. money D. food8. A. raised B. spent C. planned D. saved9. A. dream of B. think of C. hear of D. talk of10. A. what B. which C. that D. how三、阅读理解。
(A)Part-time Cleaning HelpAre you looking for a vacation job? Can you clean thehouse and cook? Then, I need you. The work is boring, but thepay is good. I need you from 2:00 pm-5:00 pm, Monday toSaturday. Please come to the cleaning center or call Mrs. Johnsonat 544-9968.1. The cleaner will work ______ hours one week.A. 12B. 15C. 182. In the fitness camp, you can ______.A. clean the houseB. lose weightC. meet David Smith3. ______ needs a cleaner.A. Mrs. JohnsonB. MarshaC. Nathan4. You can call ______, if you want to go to the fitness camp.A. 544-9968B. 475-2300C. 87320595. If you're the tenth to come to ______, you can get a specialpresent.A. the cleaning centerB. the fitness campC. Next Wave Music Store(B)Sitting on a chair all day in school can make anyone want tomove around.So, more and more teachers are letting studentshave a ball. By sitting on exercise balls instead of chairs, teachersfind students' posture (姿势) and attention improve.Dottie Pownall, a fifth-grade teacher in West Virginia, USA,has been using balls as chairs since December 2019. "Thestudents love them", she says. Pownall took a survey of herstudents. She found that 80% of the students thought sitting onA Fitness CampFor Overweight KidsAre you too fat? Can you runas fast as your classmates?Have you failed your PEexamination?Our fitness camp can helpyou lose weight and get fitagain. Come and join us!Please call Nathan at475-2300.Next Wave Music StoreAfter 10 years of teachingthe piano, David Smith hasmade his first CD!Come and meet him thisweekend.Special presents for thefirst 50 people.Time: Sat. 7:00 pmCall Marsha at 8732059.第 1 页the balls helped them pay more attention to what they were learning.The teacher, Pisa Witt, felt so strongly about the use of balls as chairs, she started Witt Fitt. This company encourages the use of the balls. And the company educates not only teachers but also students on how to use them. "Our products are used in 24 states, three provinces in Canada, Puerto Rico (波多黎各) and Japan," says Witt. "Research shows that sitting on the balls makes them sit up straighter. You can slouch (低头垂肩地坐) on a ball," says Witt, "but it feels awful." Because the students are moving, their blood (血液) increases. That carries more oxygen (氧气to the brain (大脑), so the kids have more energy and can focus longer."Furthermore, they're fun." says Pownali.1. What will happen if a student sits on a chair all day in school? The student will _____.A. pay more attention to his lessonsB. be funC. like to move around2. How long has Dottie Pownall used the balls?A. About three years.B. Only one year.C. About six years.3. In how many countries are the balls used as the students' chairs?A. Four.B. Three.C. Two.4. Teachers choose balls instead of chairs because sitting on balls helps the kids _____.A. improve the students' posture and attentionB. have funC. Both A and B.5. Which is better for kids to study in class, sitting on a chair or sitting on a ball?A. Sitting on a chair.B. Sitting on a ball.C. They are the same.四、根据提示完成句子。
