情态动词专题
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初三英语中考二轮复习【语法专题】情态动词中考考点用法点睛(讲义)He can speak English.翻译:他可以说英语。
情态动词:在表达说话人的情感或态度的一类动词。
特点:1.情态动词不能单独做谓语,必须与其他动词一起构成谓语。
2.情态动词后必须跟动词原形。
3.情态动词具有助动词功能。
常见的情态动词can/could可以,能够may/might也许,可能;must必须/need需要/dare敢于/should应该/would打算He can speak English.他可以说英语。
表示能力,能够做某事。
She can swim fast.They can play basketball well.Lucy can help you with this.【be able to】能够做某事,can表示能力的时候,他们2者之间,能够相互替换She is able to swim fast.They are able to play basketball well.Lucy is able to help you with this.He could write poems when he was 10. 翻译:他十岁时会写诗。
过去能够做某事,用,could来将其替换He could write poems when he was 10. 他十岁时就会写诗。
I could swim when I was seven years old. 我七岁的时候会游泳。
Leo could run fast when he was young. 利奥年轻的时候跑得很快。
在疑问句当中could 作为引导词出现——表达委外语气,请求做某事。
Could I have a drink我可以喝一杯吗?肯定回答只能用——Yes,you can. Could we meet again next week下周我们可以再见面吗?——Yes,we can.Could I come to see you tomorrow明天我能来看您吗?——Yes, you can.This news can't be true.翻译:这个消息不可能是真的。
复习专题情态动词考点+例题_全面解析一、初中英语情态动词1.—Wow....another gift! What's in the box?—I'm not sure. It be a pair of sports shoes.A. mustB. mayC. will【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:——哇哦,另一个礼物!在盒子里面的是什么?——我不确定,它可能是一双运动鞋。
A. must必须;B. may可能,表示没有把握的肯定推测;C. will将会。
根据答语中的不确定可知这里应为可能,故答案为B。
【点评】考查情态动词。
掌握情态动词may表示推测的用法。
2.Look at the sign! It says “No Smoking!” You ________ smoke here. It's dangerous.A. mustn'tB. ought not toC. needn'tD. don't have to【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:看这个标志!上面写道“禁止吸烟!“你不能抽烟。
这是危险的。
A.mustn't 禁止,不允许;B.ought not to不应该,不应当;C.needn't不必;D.don't have to 不必。
根据“No Smoking!”可知此处禁止吸烟,故答案为A。
【点评】考查情态动词。
掌握情态动词的意义和用法。
3.You be tired after walking for such a long time. Sit down and have a rest.A. canB. can'tC. mustn'tD. must【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:走了这么长时间你一定很累了。
坐下休息一下吧。
can能,能够,can't不能,对事物进行否定推测;mustn't一定不是,禁止,must一定,对事物进行肯定推测,根据after walking for such a long time,可以肯定你一定很累,所以是进行肯定推测,情态动词使用must,故选D。
情态动词专项训练1.The electricity last night,for the workers were examining the electric wires.(cut)昨晚,电肯定被切断了,因为当时工人们正在抢修电路。
2.The boy wasted a lot of time on computer games that he his homework .(spend)那小孩本应该用来做功课的大量时间却浪费在了玩电脑游戏上。
3.You such low marks if you had followed my advice.(get)倘若听从了我的劝告,你或许就不会得到这么低的分数了。
4.The audience their musical performance,or they would have spoken highly of it.(miss)这些观众一定错过了他们的音乐演出,要不他们会高度赞扬这个表演了。
5.We can safe driving.(attach) 安全驾驶,我们无论怎么重视也不为过。
6.Mr Black at 7:30 for the meeting ,but he did not turn up.(ought)布莱克先生七点半就该到达会场的,但是他并没有出现。
7.He was seen crying when he was coming out of the teacher's office,.(scold)走出老师办公室的时候有人看见他正在哭。
他肯定是受到了老师的责骂。
8.I was really anxious about you .You withouta word.(leave)我真的很担心你。
你不应该一句话都不说就离开了家。
9.Now you have got a chance , make full use of it.(well)现在得到了一个机会,你不妨好好地利用它。
专题09 情态动词1.(2022·江苏淮安·统考中考真题)—Miss Li. I don’t want to say sorry to Daniel.—I’m afraid you ________. After all, you broke his glasses.A.may B.have to C.mustn’t D.needn’t【答案】B【详解】句意:——李小姐。
我不想向丹尼尔道歉。
——恐怕你必须这么做。
毕竟,你打破碎了他的眼镜。
考查情态动词。
may可能;have to必须;mustn’t禁止;needn’t不需要。
根据“After all, you broke his glasses.”可知对方必须要向丹尼尔道歉,故选B。
2.(2022·江苏盐城·统考中考真题)Safety comes first. Everyone on the coach ________ wear the seat belt.A.can B.can’t C.must D.mustn`t【答案】C【详解】句意:安全第一。
车上的每个人都必须系好安全带。
考查情态动词。
can能,可以;can’t不能,不会;must必须;mustn’t禁止,不能。
根据“Safety comes first”和“wear the seat belt”可知,安全最重要,故必须系好安全带。
故选C。
3.(2022·江苏南通·统考中考真题)In the library you ________ draw or write in the books, or you will be fined.A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.wouldn’t D.couldn’t【答案】A【详解】句意:在图书馆你不能在书上画画或写字,否则你会被罚款。
考查动词辨析。
mustn’t禁止;needn’t不必;wouldn’t不会;couldn’t不可能。
情态动词专题1.记忆口诀情态动词要记牢;动词原形来跟梢。
不管人称单复数;现在过去乐逍遥。
can表能力和许可;也许可能may来表;必须一定must;should应该来报到。
回答不须用needn’t;mustn’t意为不必要。
否定只要接上not;疑问赶紧往前跑。
2.情态动词(Modal verbs)定义:表示语气的单词,但是不能独立作谓语,只能和动词原形一起构成谓语。
情态动词用在行为动词前,表示说话人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。
情态动词虽然数量不多,但用途广泛,主要有下列:can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would) must。
3.情态动词的分类①只做情态动词:must,can(could),may(might),ought to②可做情态动词又可做实义动词:need,dare③可做情态动词又可做助动词:shall(should),will(would)④具有情态动词特征:have(had) to,used to4.情态动词的用法(1) 情态动词:can, could1) 表示能力(体力、知识、技能)。
Can you lift this heavy box?(体力)[注意1] 此时可用be able to代替。
Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式;而be able to则有更多的时态。
[注意2] 当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to,不能用Can。
如:He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.2) 表示请求和允许。
-----Can I go now?----- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.[注意3] 此时可与may互换。
专题05 情态动词1.(2022·湖北武汉·统考中考真题)—Alex, come down to play football.—I can’t. Mom said I ________ clean my bedroom before doing anything else.A.had to B.will C.used to D.can 2.(2021·湖北武汉·统考中考真题)— Only ten tickets? What do you mean? There ________ be twelve.— Sorry, Linda. Jacky and Tim took two tickets away.A.should B.will C.can D.may 3.(2020·湖北武汉中考真题)—I don’t care what people think.—Well, you______________. Some opinions are worth weighing.A.might B.should C.could D.would 4.(2019·湖北武汉·统考中考真题)—Try this soup—you ______like it.—Wow! This is delicious!A.must B.will C.shall D.can 5.(2018·湖北武汉·中考真题)—Must you go?.—Yes, I' m afraid I really ________.A.may B.should C.must D.can 6.(2017·湖北武汉·中考真题)—Have you got the results of the exam?—No. All we do now is to wait.A.must B.can C.may D.could 7.(2016·湖北武汉·中考真题)---I still haven’t found my pet dog .---I’m sorry to hear that . You _________ be very sad .A.can B.should C.must D.will 8.(2015·湖北武汉·中考真题)If you wish, you _________ come in and have a cup of coffee. A.may B.must C.would D.should分析武汉近6年中考试题可知,对情态动词的考查有一下两个角度:1、情态动词的基本用法,must(必须),can(能、会),will(表推测,可能、会),should 应该(2考),have to (不得不)。
中考初中情态动词专题汇总复习:知识点习题(含答案)1.记忆口诀情态动词要记牢;动词原形来跟梢。
不管人称单复数;现在过去乐逍遥。
can表能力和许可;也许可能may来表;必须一定must;should应该来报到。
回答不须用needn’t;mustn’t意为不必要。
否定只要接上not;疑问赶紧往前跑。
2.情态动词(Modal verbs)定义:表示语气的单词,但是不能独立作谓语,只能和动词原形一起构成谓语。
情态动词用在行为动词前,表示说话人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。
情态动词虽然数量不多,但用途广泛,主要有下列:can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would) must。
3.情态动词的分类①只做情态动词:must,can(could),may(might),ought to②可做情态动词又可做实义动词:need,dare③可做情态动词又可做助动词:shall(should),will(would)④具有情态动词特征:have(had) to,used to4.情态动词的用法(1) 情态动词:can, could1) 表示能力(体力、知识、技能)。
Can you lift this heavy box?(体力)[注意1] 此时可用be able to代替。
Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式;而be able to则有更多的时态。
[注意2] 当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to,不能用Can。
如:He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.2) 表示请求和允许。
-----Can I go now?----- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.[注意3] 此时可与may互换。
情态动词 1 考查can能。会。表示能力的用法。否定式can’t表示“不能”。在过去时中用could和couldn’t.例如 1.-Where’s Mr Lee?I have something unusual to tell him. -You________find him.He________Japan. A.may not;has gone to B.may not;has been to C.can’t;has gone to D.can’t;has been to 2 .I have my own room in my house,so I________do what I want in it. A.must B.have to C.need to D.can 3 ________she ride when she was three years old?( 2002长沙市) A.Can B.Could C.Need D.May
2 .考查can表示推测的用法。中,can意为“可能”,表示客观可能性,常常用于否定句中can’t “可能不 1。.Who is the man over there?Is it Mr Li? -No,it________be him.Mr Li is much taller. A.mustn’t B.may not C.can’t D.needn’t 2 .-Listen!Someone is singing in the next room Is it Wei Fang?-No.It________be her.She is at school now. Amay not B;mustn’t C;can’t Dwon’t
3 . could表示请求许可的用法?用could比用can语气更加委婉客气,常用Could I / you……?句式,表示“我/你能……吗?”若表示同意要用can,不用could? 1.-Could I look at your pictures?-Yes,of course you________. A.could B.can C.will D.might 2.________you pass me a pen?I’d like to write down the telephone number.A.Need B.Could C.Must D.Should
4 .must和have to 两者都表示“必须”的意思,但must含有说话人主观上的看法、态度;have to则表示客观上的需要 musn’t 不准 不允许 must 开头的疑问句用 No, needn’t 回答 1, --Must we finish giving out the posters today? --Yes, we _______finish. It can't be put off any longer. A.can B.may C. must 2 -I didn't pass the math test. I think I have spent too much time playing computer games recently. --I agree. You __ play like that any more. [河南省] A. needn't B. mustn't C. may not D. wouldn't 3 When traffic lights are red. We _________stop and wait. A. may B. can C. must D. might.
5 .shall和should shall用于第一、三人称疑问句表示征求对方意: shall we…? sould用来表示建议、责任、义务时,可译为“应该,应当” 例】Schools _________allow students at least one hour a day for sports. [安徽省 would B. might C. should D. could
6.had better和would rather “had better+动词原形”意为“最好做……”,否定句式为had better not。“would rather+动词原形”意为“宁可,宁愿”,否定句式为would rather not。 --Bob,may I __your MP4?
一Sure.But you'd better not _________it to others.A.lend;lend B lend;borrow C borrow;borrow D.borrow;lend
--What about playing football this afternoon, Sam? --I would rather __ at home than __ football. It's too hot outside. [南京] A. stay; playing B. stay; play C. to stay; to play D. to stay; playing [答案]:A。[解析]本题考查了would rather的固定短语的应用。译文为:萨姆,今天下午出去打球怎么样?和踢足球相比,我宁愿呆在家里,外面太热。Would rather do A than do B和做B比起来,宁愿做A。
5.used to “used to+动词原形”表示“过去常常做某事”或表示过去的一种惯常状态。 【考例】He used to ________ in the sun, but now he is used to at night. [兰州] A. read, read B. reading, read C. read, reading D. reading, reading [答案]:C。[解析]考查固定结构的用法。Used 后接动词不定时,be used to 后接动名词。故选C。 6.need和dare You ________do it if you really don't want to. [昆明市] A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. couldn't [答案]A。[解析] 考查情态动词。本题应由句意人手破解。如果你不想做的话,你“没有必要”做它,所以正确答案为A项。
--May I do the rest of the work tomorrow? --Yea, of course. You ___________finish it today. [成都市] A. must B. mustn't C. needn't [答案]C。[解析]思路分析:根据句意可知,needn’t不必。 二、考查情态动词表推测的用法 1.对现在或将来的推测用“情态动词+动词原形”。 肯定的推测一般用must,should,may (might)或can(could),其中,must的语气最强。意为“肯定”、“准是”、“想必是”;should的语气次之,意为“很可能”、“应该”,指按常理推测;may(migt),can(could)的语气最弱,意为“有时会”、“也许”、“可能”。
否定推测分为两种情况:语气不很肯定时,常用may/might/could not,意为“可能不”、“也许不”;否定语气较强时,则用can't,意为“根本不可能”、“一定不能”,表示惊异、怀疑的感情色彩。
【考例】You ________be tired after working for eight hours without a rest. [广东省] A. can B. may C. must D. need [答案]C。[解析] 本题考查情态动词must,can,may,need的区别。本题由题意人手,“你工作了八个小时没有休息肯定很累。”情态动词must在此表示肯定的推测。
一Look at the boy running on the ground.Is it Davis? ——It ____be him.I saw him go to the teacher's office just now.[黄冈市] A. must B can't C.could D.might [答案]B。[解析] 考查情态动词。表推测时否定句中用can't。表示“不可能”,因为他已经去了老师的办公室。 【语法回顾】 1 情态动词的语法特征 1) 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情,只表示期待或估计某事的发生。 2) 情态动词除ought 和have 外,后面只能接不带to 的不定式。 3) 情态动词没有人称,数的变化,即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。 4)情态动词没有非谓语形式,即没有不定式,分词,等形式。 常见的情态动词有:can (could) ,may (might), must ,shall (should), will (would), dare (dared) , need等,另外,have to、had better也当作情态动词使用。情态动词后面必须加动词的原形。
can 和be able to 1)can/could 表示能力;可能 (过去时用could), 只用于现在式和过去式(could)。be able to可以用于各种时态。例如:
They will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告诉你消息了。 2)只用be able to的情况: a. 位于助动词后。 b. 情态动词后。 c. 表示过去某时刻动作时。 d. 用于句首表示条件。 e. 表示成功地做了某事时,用was/were able to,不能用could。例如: He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out. = He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out.
他在战争爆发之前逃离欧洲。 注意:could有时不表示时态 1)提出委婉的请求,(注意在回答中不可用could)。例如: --- Could I have the television on? 我能看电视吗? --- Yes, you can. / No, you can't. 可以/不可以。 2)在否定句、疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。例如: He couldn't be a bad man. 他不大可能是坏人。 may和might www.zk5u.co 1) 表示允许或请求;表示没有把握的推测;may 放在句首,表示祝愿。例如: May God bless you! 愿上帝保佑你! He might be at home. 他可能在家。