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Unit 3Preview1. Listen to the recording of the text and choose the statement that best reflects your understanding.1. C2. A3. C4. D5. CVocabulary1. Become familiar with the rules of word formation.1. Give the parts of speech of the following words and study how they are formed.1. “un-“ here is an adjective prefix which means “not”.2. “-able” is an adjective suffix which means something that can be done ora quality something or someone has（可以的或必须的；有某种特性或倾向的）．3．“fore-”is a prefix which means‘‘before’‘or‘’in front of’（指时间、职位、位置在前面）．4. Suffix “-en” turns some adjectives and nouns into verbs.5. Prefix “re-“ means “again”.6. These compound nouns are formed by objects + v + –er/or.7. These compound adjectives are formed by adj + n + –ed.2. Decide which of the following words can be used both as verbs andnouns.All these words can be used both as nouns and verbs with only the following exceptions which are usually used as verbs:TendReplace (corresponding noun: replacement)Die (When used as a noun, it is a different word.)Condemn (corresponding noun: condemnation)Occur (corresponding noun: occurrence)Complain (corresponding noun: complaint)Protect (corresponding noun: protection)3 Translate the following expressions4. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets.1. represent, represented2. employer, unemployed, employees, reemployed3. well-informed, information4. informer, inform, authorities5. complaints, complain, unemployment6. insult7. insulting, insult8. representative9. be insulted2 Complete the following verb + noun collocations or expressions1 mind (his own business)2 plant / grow / harvest / reap (the rice)3 dig / sink (a well)4. (catch) fish / birds / crabs / mice/ a thief / a cold / the meaning / the disease5 till / improve / conserve (the soil)6 plough (the field)7 (condemn) the enemy / the killings8 (attract) attention / interest / criticism9 (gather) flowers/ nuts / information /troops3. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets according to the patterns given in bold.1. it was fate that2. it was/is his son who3. it was in the United States that4. begging for food with a golden bowl5. trying to fly by lifting his hair6. leading the blind7. She used to be rather weak in English8. Ours used to be called a country of bicycles9. There used to be lots of fish, shrimps and crabs4. Fill in the blanks with correct prepositions and adverbs(1) in, of, with, at, with, about/of, to, of, on, to(2) of, for, from, till, on, after, against/from, in(3) to, in, of, of, for, to, for, in, to,(4) down, over, with(5) by, over,(6) along, with, across(7) around/ round, away, with(8) to, up, off, off, on5 Translate the following sentences, using the link +predicative pattern 1. 祝英台虽然不愿意嫁给马家小少爷，但她不能不服从她父亲。
参考答案（Unit 1—8）Unit OneKey to ExercisePreview:1 True or false1F 2T 3F 4F 5T 6F 7T 8T 9T 10TVocabulary4. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets1. differ2. differently, different3. difference4. serious, serious, seriously5. seriousness, seriously polluted6. Fortunately/ Luckily, pollution, seriously, pollute7. attention 8. attentively, attentive4 Translate the following sentences using words and expressions taken from the text.1. 他们利用我们求助无门的困境把我们公司接管了。
They took advantage of our helpless situation and took over our company.2. 虽然我们面前仍有困难，但我肯定我们中国人有智慧靠自己实现国家的和平统一。
Although there are still difficulties ahead of us, I am sure that we Chinese people will have the wisdom to bring abou t the peaceful unification of our country on our own.3. 只强调国内生产总值是错误的，它会引起很多严重问题。
It is wrong to put emphasis on nothing but GDP. It will give rise to many serious problems.4. 他喜欢炫耀他的财富，但是这完全是徒劳的，人们仍然像躲避毒药那样躲避他。
大学英语精读第三版第一册课后习题全部答案Unit 1: A Brief History of English1. Understanding Main IdeasA. 1. English originated from the British Isles and gradually spread throughout the world.2. English is influenced by different cultures and languages throughout history.B. 1. Celts; 2. Roman; 3. Latin; 4. Old English; 5. Vikings; 6. French;7. Greek; 8. Renaissance; 9. colonization; 10. modern English.2. Understanding DetailsA. 1. Roman Empire; 2. Vikings; 3. Norman Conquest; 4. French; 5. Greek; 6. Latin; 7. Bible; 8. Renaissance.B. 1. Spain; 2. France and French-speaking countries; 3. Latin; 4. Greek.C. 1. Shakespeare; 2. scientific discoveries and inventions; 3. colonization; 4. the Industrial Revolution; 5. the Internet.3. Understanding InferencesA. 1. Latin has influenced both English and French. Spanish has influenced English more than Norwegian.B. 1. The French-speaking Normans ruled England after the Norman Conquest. French vocabulary entered English as a result.C. 1. The colonization of America and the spread of the British Empire promoted the use of English worldwide.4. Understanding VocabularyA. 1. E; 2. E; 3. C; 4. D; 5. B; 6. C; 7. A; 8. E; 9. B; 10. D; 11. C; 12. A;13. A; 14. C; 15. D; 16. B.B. 1. evolution; 2. consolidation; 3. influx; 4. prosperity; 5. dominance;6. expansion;7. fluctuations;8. prevalence.Unit 2: Cultural Differences and Cultural Shock1. Understanding Main IdeasA. 1. Cultural differences can lead to misunderstandings and conflicts.2. Cultural shock is a common experience for people in a new cultural environment.B. 1. cultural differences; 2. culture shock.2. Understanding DetailsA. 1. The way people greet each other; 2. Personal space; 3. Eye contact; 4. Time orientation.B. 1. etiquette; 2. gestures; 3. customs; 4. lifestyles; 5. values.3. Understanding InferencesA. 1. Expectations and behaviors vary across different cultures.B. 1. It is essential to understand and adapt to a new culture to avoid misunderstandings and conflicts.4. Understanding VocabularyA. 1. C; 2. A; 3. E; 4. C; 5. D; 6. B; 7. E; 8.B.B. 1. perception; 2. encounter; 3. adapt; 4. reverse; 5. undergo.Unit 3: The Beginnings of Isolation1. Understanding Main IdeasA. 1. The narrator's solitude on the island gives him a sense of freedom and empowerment.2. The narrator is concerned about the presence of "wild things" on the island.B. 1. solitude; 2. wild things.2. Understanding DetailsA. 1. The narrator occupies himself with building, exploring, and observing nature on the island.B. 1. The narrator feels like the "king" of the island and enjoys the freedom it brings.2. The narrator is cautious about the "wild things" and their potential threat to him.3. Understanding InferencesA. 1. The narrator's newfound solitude allows him to escape the restrictions and expectations of society.B. 1. The narrator's isolation might lead to psychological challenges and fear.4. Understanding VocabularyA. 1. A; 2. D; 3. B; 4. E; 5. C; 6. D; 7. A; 8.B.B. 1. solitude; 2. companionship; 3. survival; 4. vulnerability.。
Unit 6Preview1. Listen to the recording of the text and choose the statement that best reflects your understanding.1. D2. C3. A4. C5. DVocabulary1. Become familiar with the rules of word formation.1. Give the corresponding nouns for the following verbs.1. strain 7. realization 13. assurance2. teasing/tease 8. burial 14. astonishment3. dawn 9. scattering/scatter 15. expectation4. Death 10. grasp 16.insurance5. leak 11. appreciation 17. reflection6. inspection 12. flight 18. belief2. Give the corresponding verbs for the following nouns.1. stream 6. Accept2. state 7. encounter3. relate 8. Collect4. form 9. radiate5. recognize 10. identify3. Decide whether the missing letter is e; o or a.注意：在不发音的e结尾的动词后面加er; or或ar时;应先删去该字母e；在以重读闭音节结尾的动词后面加er; or或ar时;如结尾只有一个辅音;则该辅音必须双写..1. reporter 10. supporter 19. composer2. professor 11. visitor 20. interpreter 3．Editor 12.1iar 21.beggar4．Adviser 13. seller 22. sailor5．Robber 14. murderer 23. announcer6. actor 15.traveler 24. manager7. aggressor 16. scholar 25. invader8. beginner 17. author 26. creator9. passenger 18. successor 27. dealer4. Translate the following expressions; paying attention to the different use of the suffix “-ful”.1．令人羞愧的结果 10.带着哭腔；声泪俱下地2．满满一碗米饭 11.吃一大口3．色彩鲜艳的衣服 12.一厢情愿的想法4．一个令人快乐的人 13.有希望的形势5．满满一篮子的苹果 14.一屋子的客人6．满满一盒巧克力 15.一调羹油7．一小撮人 16.一大捧书8．一条有帮助的建议 17.痛苦的记忆9．一个有害的习惯 18.活泼的性格5. Fill in the blanks with correct forms of the appropriate words listed below.1 acceptance2 occurrence3 astonishing; unrecognizable4 appreciative; expectations5 identical; identify; identifications2. Give corresponding synonyms and antonyms for the following words.SynonymsAntonyms3. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the appropriate phrases and expressions listed below. Note that some of them may be used more than once.1. After all; regarded as2. regarded as / in a sense; consists of3. for ages; at once4. were astonished at; After all5. calls for; on their part/ in turn6. dawned on; in case; melt into7. reflect on; in relation to; calls for8. cut; in; on their part/ in turn; work out4. Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions or adverbs.1 off/ out2 off3 out/through4 through5 to; through6 to7 with8 on9 to 10 with5. Translate the following sentences into English using the wordsand expressions listed below.1. 当我们到达目的地时;我们发现这块地上已经没有任何建筑;只有一些石头散落在地上..没有人能认出这是一段可以追溯到千年以前的城墙.. When we reached our destination; we found nothing standing on the ground except some rocks scattered here and there. Nobody would be able to recognize it as part of the city wall a thousand years ago.2. 今天;大多数人看问题都有了新的角度;他们不再认为主要是国内生产总值标志一个国家的幸福了..Today; most people have got a new perspective. They no longer accept the view that mainly GDP marks the happiness of a nation.3. 让我们同意对方有不同意见吧..我们起码在这一点上意见是一致的;我们同意不采取暴力;我们同意我们的分歧必须和平解决..Let’s agree to disagree. We at least agree on one thing: We agree not to use force. We agree that we must settle our disputes peacefully.4. 桂林向来被我们称为最美的地方;我以前怀疑这种说法..现在我完全同意他们了..一切都美极了;尤其是那千姿百态的石峰..Guilin has always been regarded by our people as the most beautiful place in our country. I used to have my doubts; but now I totally agree with them. Everything is so beautiful; especially the rock formations in all those different shapes.5. 我可以向你保证他是个非常随和的人..我从来没见过她发脾气..I can assure you. She is a very agreeable person. I have never seen her lose her temper.6.一位亲眼看见那个妇女被汽车轧过的年轻人同意出庭作证..我很欣赏他的勇气..A young man who saw the woman run over by the car has agreed to appear in court as witness. I admire his courage.7. 大学教育应该设法保证我们的大学生有进行批判性思维的能力.. College education should see to it that our students are able to do critical thinking.8. 你们在预习功课的时候;一定要尽量试试;看你是否提出重要的问题来;是否能作出有意义的评论..While you are preparing your lessons; you must try your best to see if you can raise some significant questions and give meaningful comments/criticism.9. 在对这个问题进行仔细思考以后;我认识到;我们必须保证学生不但能谋生;还能懂得怎样生活..Upon careful reflections on this issue; I’ve come to realize that we must make sure that our students not only can make a living; but also know how to live.10.有一次我修好了一个漏气的自行车胎;爸爸拍拍我的肩膀;逗我说我是家里的天才;有当机械师的潜力..他的话引起了全家人的大笑..Once I fixed my bike tire which was leaking. My dad patted me onthe shoulder and teased me saying that I am the family genius and have the makings of a good mechanic. What he said set the whole family laughing.6. Study the use of the infinitive as adverbial of purpose and as part of the complex object and then complete the following sentences.1. continue their education2. serve their country3. look for better jobs4. look for business opportunities; study Chinese language and culture; see the land and people5. study overseas; get better jobs; learn the language for its own sake6. select our courses; discuss big issues freely; choose our jobs7. bury ourselves in textbooks; obey the rules; work for good scores in examinations; take whatever work assignment given to us after graduation; etc8. think creatively; use our brain7. Fill in the blanks with one of the appropriate phases listed below1 At that time2 at a time3 for the time being; in time4 on time5 during the time/ at the time; for a time/ for a long time6 all the time7 at the same time; at a time8 By the time; for some time9 at times/ all the time10 For a long time/ During that time; all the timeGrammar1. Combine each pair of sentences following one of the patterns below.1. Take a map with you in case you should get lost in the mountains.2. Leave your house key with a close neighbor in case you lock yourself out one day.3. Ausable was told not to make friends in case they learn something about his work as a secret agent.4. Jim has always disliked hospitals; so he decided to spend his last days at home with his family.5. It was cold; so the father took off his coat and gently put it over the boy.6. My hands were shaking so terribly that I could hardly turn the pages.7. Toward midday; the climbers were so tired that they could hardly put one foot before the other.8. He believed in freedom so firmly that he would rather die than live without it.9. Improve your grammar so that the sentence will make sense.10. A number of measures are being taken so that patients are/can be treated as soon as possible.11. She dropped out of school and found a job so that she could keep his brother at college.12. We were just about to start dinner when the lights went out.13. The soldier on leave had just arrived home when he received the order to return to his camp.14. They were having a history class when the building started shaking violently.2. Complete each sentence by translating the Chinese in the brackets; using one of the patterns given.1. pass me today’s China Daily2. sing us a song3. offered their next door neighbor; the Smiths; a lot of help4. gave it to an old beggar5. leave any message to me6. promised his parents that7. send us your reply8. give their children whatever they ask for9. has assured the residents that taxes will not be increased this year10. told his teacher that he wanted to do something more creative 3. Translate the following sentences using proper adverbial clauses1. Take a warm jacket with you in case it should suddenly turn cold.2. It’s not safe there; so stay in the hotel at night.3. The two girl spoke so softly that no one else could hear them.4. When you explain the danger of the drug to children; do it so that they can understand.5. The whole family worked hard so that they could send one of the children to college.6. In winter the school closes early so that the children can get home before dark.7. He was an only child; so he found it difficult to get along with his peers at school.8. The accident happened so long ago that I don’t remember much about it.9. The teacher had just taken the children out of the building when it collapsed.10. It was so dark that the German secret agent didn’t notice there was no balcony below the window at all.4. Fill in the blank of the passage with ONE suitable word1 so2 aware3 realized4 book5 when6 but7 clearly8 again9 decided 10 case5. Identify and correct the mistakes in each of the sentences.1. Write the phone number down in case you should forget it.2. It dawned on me that I had left my purse at home when I was about to pay my phone bill.3.While I was/During my stay in London; I went to the British Museum several times.4. Times have changed; and we should change; too.5. I thought I heard someone come in while I was surfing the Internet.6. He sent me a text message to remind me that the composition was due the next day.7. The world is changing so fast that we can hardly keep up with the pace of change.8. My supper yesterday consisted of whole wheat noodles; cabbage and chicken.9. The farmer said that he had four children to take care of.10. This is an area which the United States regards as its backyard. agreement; tense; relative pronoun as object。
Key to exercises （此答案仅供参考，如有不妥之处请指出供大家共同商榷）Preview2. Do the following exercises2.1.1) muscle 2) delinquency/delinquent 3) prominence 4) proficiency5)frequency6)penalty 7)immensity 8)exaltation 9)withdrawal 10)mockery 11)deficiency 12)compensation2.2 词根1) ette: little one; small2) out---: in a manner that is greater, better, or more than something else.3) pose---: to put; to place4) dict--- : to say; to speak2.3 Translation1) 那只是个口误，却让他丢失了政府部门的工作。
2）当听到那所大学没有授予她儿子博士学位时，她的情绪以下低落了。
3）照片上我们看到她赛后自豪而满足地挥舞着国旗的样子。
4）电影遭禁演，因为他们声称其中含有令他们反感的反对他们种族的内容。
5）他和他的内阁成员讨论的时候，当然不会谈这些小事。
6）我的小小的建议就写在这一小片纸上，请你见到她时给她。
7）有些人坚决反对，但大多数特洛伊人都决定要把那木马弄进城里。
他们永远没有想到这个怪物里面藏着敌人。
8）我觉得教师进课堂时应该穿得朴素些，你的这件衣服颜色稍显艳丽了。
2.4 上课讲Vocabulary1. Translate the following expressionsInto English1.Bang the door2. Cheer His Majesty3. Contemplate the statue4. devise a new method5. Gain a reputation6. Inspire the people7. Sink one’s head8. symbolize the nation 9. Warm one’s hands 10. Ruin one’s health11. Plan an important role 12. Settle the issueInto Chinese1.永恒的真理2. 文件柜3. 无稽之谈4. 违规行为5. 常客6. 新鲜空气7. 一个人唱高调 8.一种固定的观点 9.言语障碍 10. 可怕的风 11. 狂热的爱国主义12. 无情的侵略者 13. 首相 14.思维过程 15.国际联盟 16. 一篇条理清楚的文章17.一位口译好手 18. 一种不可阻挡的潮流 19. 烂苹果 20. 点头之交2.Replace the parts in bold types in the following sentences with words and expressions from the text.1） was utterly disgusting2） was given to frequent shopping sprees3）saw the folly; fell into the other fault; cut down4) walked unsteadily; in anguish5) justify; countered by saying; If anything; ruin6) vanish of itself; combat; put in its place7) stand by him/ show his open contempt and mockery to8)viewed; symbolized; in eternal panic lest9)dismiss lightly; it might be Nazism all over again10) too much for; few and far between; few and far between3. Translate the following sentences into English. （上课讲）4. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words or expressions.1) C 2) A 3) B 4)B/C 5) C 6) B 7)A 8)D 9)A 10)A5. Choose the right words in their proper forms.1. 1）sexy 2) sexual/sex 3) sexist 4) sexual2. 1) disinterested 2) uninterested 3)disinterested3. 1) literally 2) literate 3) literary 4) literary 5) literate4. 1) bulge 2)sticking out 3)bulging/swollen 4) protruding, protruding, bulge5) sticking out, swelling 6) jutting out5. 1) slipping 2) slid 3) sliding 4.)slip 5) gliding, gliding6. 1) reputation 2) prestige/reputation 3) reputation6. Fill in the blanks with suitable words to make the sentences ironical.1. beautifullyinial3. thick4.clean5.punctual6.decisive7.soft8. Rich9. democratic 10.riseGrammar1. 1, 3, 4, 8,101.1(上课讲)1.2 1) is being robbed 2) were being 3)is being done 4)being 5)arebeing made6)was being repaired 7)was being 8）being built 9)being10)being exaggerated2.3 Translation1) He is being investigated for receiving bribes.2) The government started airdropping food to areas being cut off by the flood.3) People are much concerned about how the charity money is being used.4) The exact locations of the labs are being kept secret for the sake of security.5) What’s the matter the Jim today? I think he’s being rather rude, not his usual self.6) The local police bureau is being criticized for being soft on white-collar crime.7) The car accident investigator is accused of being one-sided, favoring the offender.8) The project coordinator complaints that almost half of his time is being spent on meetings and reports.9) His latest novel being adapted for TV has been on the New York Times best-seller list for 42 weeks.10) The spokesman flatly denied all rumors being circulated at the moment about the president’s health.2.Study the grammatical structure of these involved sentences.1.This is a compound complex sentence. The two coordinate clauses areconnected by a semicolon “;”In the first coordinate clause:Adverbial clause: the bath towel slip down any fatherIn the second coordinate clause:Adverbial clause: she had no arms, she was in an…to pull up again.(introduced by “since”).2.This is a complex sentence.Main clause: it set me watching…and asking… what all the fuss was about.Subject: itPredicative verb: setObjects: watching… and asking…One of the objects “asking myself”(a gerund phrase) contains a noun clause “what all the fuss was about”which functions as the direct object of “asking”.Adverbial modifier: the prepositional phrase “without giving me anything positive” modifying the main verb “set”Attributive modifier: “put in the place of that heady patriotism”(an infinitive phrase) modifying “anything positive”.。
⼤学英语精读第⼆册book2unit1-3课后测试答案精⼼整理⼤学英语精读第⼆册（第三版）book2unit1-3课后练习答案Unit1⼀）1.bare2.empty3.empty4.bare5.empty6.empty⼆）1.shortly2.trackdown3.faint4.motioned5.atthesightof6.feellike7.slamming8.rangout9.contract10.madefor11.heated12.emerged 三）四）五）1.2.pigtailedgiftedbeardedpointedexperiencedagedskilleddiseased六）1.Thepeoplequestionedgaveverydifferentopinionsontheissue.2.Canyouseethemanclimbingonthatrock?3.Severaldayspassedbeforetheycameupwithasatisfactorysolutiontotheproblemsdiscussed.4.Wewerewokenearlybythesoundofthebirdssinging.5.Thechairmanmadeitclearthatthoseobjectingshouldexplaintheirreasons.6.Afteraday’swork,IfeltIhadlittleenergyleft.7.Iknewofsomeoftheathletestakingpart.8.Thesuccessobtainedsurprisedthosewhohadgivenuptheprojectasimpossible.七）1.Duringthetimethat2.Aslongas3.Although4.aslongas5.whereas6.Although7.whereas8.Although1.Theyfrightenedthechildintotellingthetruth.2.Hetrickedherintomarryinghimbypretendingthathewasthesonofamillionaire.3.Mytactlesswordsforcedtheoldgentlemanintobuyingsomethinghecouldnotpossiblyafford.4.Hefinallytalkedmeintoacceptinghisterms.5.Thegirlpersuadedherfatherintogivingupsmoking.6.Theirseverecriticismshockedherintorealizingherselfishness.⼋）九）⼗）1.2.3.4.5.6.南希虽然很想参加辩论，但腼腆得不敢开⼝。
大学英语精读第三版第三册课后习题答案TXT文本电子书103f大学英语精读第三版第三册课后习题答案Unit1 1) accent2) turn against 3) a couple of 4) takes his time 5) fate6) confirmed 7) witness 8) subsequent9) stands a chance 10) trial1) belief 2) brilliant 3) employment 4) has saved up 5) stood a chance 6) were awarded 7) Presumably 8) conducted 9) casual10) around (which student life) revolves1) Joe wrote to say that he had to put off his visit because of his illness. 2) Despite the noise, they went on working as if nothing were happening. 3) Traffic was held up for several hours by the accident.4) Called (up) on to speak at the meeting, I couldn't very well refuse.5) Mrs. Stevenson looked in the cupboard and found there was not a single lump of sugar left.6) It was the rumor that turned Joe against his twin brother. 7) We wondered how Sara was getting on in her new job. 8) Although Anne agreed with me on most points, there was one on which she was unwilling to give in.9) Visitors could photograph almost anything here without having to ask for permission.10) Whether we make an excursion or stay home will depend on tomorrow's weather.1) uncertain，unafraid，unacceptable，unfamiliar，unequal；2)unanswered，unattached，unknown，undecided，unexpected；3) unhappily，unskillfully，unconsciously，unnecessarily，uncomfortably；4) unsay，undress，untie，unlock，unload。
精读u n i t课后习题答案Newly compiled on November 23, 2020Key to exercisesUnit 1Preview1.Listen to the recording of the text and then fill in the blanks in the followingsentences.1.aim/purpose; training; practical/professional skills; technical training;universities2.graduate school; Shakespeare’s plays; be a pharmacist3.making a living; keep himself; his family; expose; ideas4.waking; average; a living; all about5.in danger; mechanized savages; push-button Neanderthals6.have left us; peculiar accomplishments; species7.center; storehouse8.sarcastic; humorous2.Read the text for better comprehension and answer the questions, payingspecial attention to the parts in bold type.1)It means annoying experiences, tough problems or failures.2)They must have finished their graduate studies with an advanced degree like aPhD.3)It simply means “one of the students”. The word “body” here means thewhole group of students. Because the student is thin and tall. It is meant to behumorous rather than insulting.4) He teaches English literature.5)By using the word “stuff”, he shows his dislike for the course very clearly. Hedoesn’t like the course because he thinks it is useless for his planned career.6)We can assume that he does not think it necessary to waste money on the bookssince he intends to drop the course.7)The latter. It is a humorous way of referring to a certain type of people.8) He is talking about the Pharmacy School. He is being sarcastic when he calls it“a Drugstore Mechanics School”It means “技工”.9) He is talking about the diploma for university or college graduates.He has in mind people like what the student wants to be: pharmacists.10) It means “having been introduced to the ideas developed or producedthroughout history.11) It refers to his effort to convince the student.12) “Hold” here is an intransitive verb meaning “remain true”. It is often used as aset phrase “hold true”.13) It means “things of the same kind”. 诸如此类14)We call it the future continuous tense. It is used for ongoing future actions.15) He is saying here that you will make sure that the medicineyou make will not be mixed with poison if you are trained as a pharmacist;that the houses you build will successfully keep out bulls if your chosen job isengineering; and that your client will not be sentenced to death because you areincompetent if you want to be a lawyer.16) These are all useful things to do… and raises/brings up your children.17) In formal English, “may” is used to express a hope or wish.More examples:May our country be prosperous and our people happy.May peace finally prevail.Note: suffice (be sufficient) It is formal for humorous effect.18) 民主的思想家. Will you be heading a family that is familiar with the greatdemocratic ideas in past history19) He means the tall student. “Pest” is often used to refer to an annoying person especially a child.20) No. He means that he is aiming to make money. That is his purpose for coming to school.21) …you’re going to have trouble finding something to do when you are notspending money.22) … then you shouldn’t go to college. You have no reason to go to college.23) He is saying here that young people may become savages like the ancientpeople who lived 35,000 to 130,000 years ago although they can now pushbuttons and use machines, hence, a “new species”.24) Our colleges are bound to produce some students of this kind. He is verysarcastic about these people and thinks that they are not truly educated and civilized as they should be today. Therefo re he uses the expression: “ such life forms”. Note also that the word “graduate” is used as a transitive verb here.25) We are talking about how ideas or concepts are developed and how importantthey are in the evolution of the human species. Animals liveby instinct. Only human beings are able to formulate ideas such as love, freedom, democracy, and equality. These ideas make us different from other animals. And we get these ideas from people in the past. That is why reading is so important. Many scholars maintain that without reading we don’t know how to think. There are,however, people who emphasize the importance of direct experience. They say that ‘Doing is also learning’. Sometimes they even go as far as to maintain that reading may prevent us from creative thinking.26) The fact that we have the faculty means that…Vocabulary1. Do the following exercises on word formation rules.1) The following words are adjectives ending with the suffixes “-ent” and “-ant,” andtheir corresponding nouns usually ending with “-ence” and “-ance.” Decide which of the following should be the former, and which the latter.1.different2.independent3.extravagantpetent5.arrogant6.important7.confident8.fragrant9.significant10.convenient 11.evident12.intelligent13.relevant14.present15.urgent16.violent17.current18.frequent19.distantNote: The following words are nouns, not adjectives: accountant; assistant; defendant; dependant; attendant2) Guess the corresponding nouns of the following, paying special attention to their pronunciation.1.qualification clarificationunification notificationclassification identificationintensification justificationsimplification certificationglorification specification2. modernization mechanizationrealization civilizationglobalization specializationAmericanization industrializationurbanization idealizationcentralization marketizationnationalization privatization3.permission discussionadmission professioncommission confessionremission impressionemission oppressionsubmission compressiontransmission expressionomission depression3) Give derivatives of the following words.1.sense: sensitive; sensible; senseless; sensibility;oversensitive; insensitive2.technique: technical; technically; technician;3.special: specially; specialty; specialize4.intellect: intellectual; intelligent; intelligence5.civil: civilize; civilization; civilized;uncivilized4) Translate the following into Chinese.1.Many people agree that the increased enrollment is a bigaccomplishment.2.The lack of availability of certified accountants who can meet suchhigh qualifications is still a big problem.3.Early specialization is not wise. Students should have a wide exposureto world culture before they specialize.4.Strong as we might be some day we must never become arrogant. Weshould continue to pursue the policy of peaceful co-existence among nations.5.It is a penetrating thought that a nation’s power rests essentiallywith its advanced civilization.6.Our memory of past disastrous experiences is an extremely importantspiritual resource.2. Translate the following verb+noun collocations into English.1) fold one’s arms2) fold the letter3) acquire knowledge4) generate ideas5) generate jobs6) generate power7) generate interest8) employ workers9) use/employ time10) rear/raise one’s children11) rear sheep12) raise one’s family13) raise one’s voice14) raise tax15) raise the question16) maintain contact17) maintain law and order18) maintain peace3. Give the synonyms and antonyms of the following.Synonyms1.reasonably/ rather/quite2.clearly/evidently3.to keep4.to raise5.to gain/obtain6.to produce7.to prove8.department (university)9.humanity10.drugstore /chemist (英)11.type/example/model/case 12.to enter/join13.however/but14.sharp/thoughtful15.thinker/intellectual16.to shake/tremble/shiver17.unavoidably/certainly/18.to suppose/presume/think/guess19.to help/assist20.strange/odd/unusual/queer21.achievement/success/victory22.special skillAntonyms1.unavailable2.modestly3.general4.unqualified5.uncivilized/savage6.to unfold7.unemployed8.incompetence9. insensitive4. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below.1) to see to it; exposed to2) out for; succeed in3) averages out4) specialize in5) stuck for6) preside over7) stuck for; see to it that8) true of9) out to; see to it that10) have no business5. Fill in the blanks with the right word or expression in the bracket.1) in making; to find2) see3) out; of; of; for4) to5) by; for6) Poor as he was; put7) for8) in9) believed in; forcing10) physicist; sensitive6. Translate the following sentences into English.1) It is wrong to raise our children the way we grow flowers in the greenhouse. Wemust expose them to all social problems because very soon they will be dealingwith them as responsible citizens.2) As time goes on we are inevitably going to get more and more involved ininternational affairs. And conflicts are sure to occur because there always existdifferent views and interests between nations.3) We are proud of our accomplishments, and we have reason to be. But we mustnever become arrogant. Otherwise we will lose our friends.4) Information is now easily available. An average computer can store the informationof a small library5) That construction company is not qualified to handle the project. They do not haveany legal document to certify that they have the necessary expertise. We must find a company that specializes in building theatres.6) These think tanks do not make decisions. They are out to generate new ideas andpenetrating analyses that will be extremely useful for decision makers.7) The growth of GDP is not everything. Our country cannot be said to have beenmodernized unless the quality of our people’s lives is really improved.8) Poor as we were in many ways at that time, we were still quite happy as children,for there was clean air, clean water, a lot of fish, crabs and eels in the rivers, lakes,and ponds; and a lot of flowers, trees and birds in the fields.9) Give absolute power to some individual or any particular group of people, and thatperson or group are sure to abuse that power because, just as Lord Acton says,“Power corrupts, and absolute power corrupts absolutely.”10) Traditionally in our country school education was always said to be more importantand useful compared with all other pursuits.Grammar1.Point out how future time is expressed and what concept each futureexpression conveys.It is far more complicated to talk about the future than to talk about the presentand past. Generally, future time is expressed in these ways.Future at Presenta)“will” as in 3): used to say something is expected to happen“will be doing” as in 4): used to say that you are sure that something willhappen because arrangements have been madeb)“be going to”: used 2), 5) to say that something will happen quite soon or totalk about sb’s intentions or what they have decided to doc)“the present progressive” as in10): used to talk about something that willhappen because you have planned or arranged itd)“the simple present” as in 9): used to say that something will definitelyhappen at a particular time, especially because it has been officially arranged Future in the Pasta)“would” as in 7): used to say what you intended to do or expected to happenb)“was/were going to” as in 1): used to say that something was expected tohappenc)“was/were to do” as in 6), 8): used to talk about something that wouldhappen because it had been planned or arranged.2.Learn to use emphasizing coordinating conjunctions.1. Point out the grammatical form each pair of the conjunctions connects.Emphasizing coordinating conjunctions connect parts of the sentence that havethe same grammatical form.1)two nouns2)two adjectives3)two prepositional phrases4)two infinitive phrases5)two noun phrases6)two noun phrases7)two prepositional phrases8)two prepositional phrases2. Combine each pair of the sentences using the right emphasizingcoordinating conjunctions.1)The province is strong both in industry and in agriculture. / The province isnot only strong in industry, but also in agriculture.2)Relief agencies say the immediate problem is not a lack of food, buttransportation.3)Generally, after working for the company for five years, young employeeseither are promoted or leave.4)TV programs for children should not only entertain but also teach.5)Obviously, these children are motivated not by a desire to achieve, but byfear of failure6)At present, it would be neither practical nor desirable to eliminateexaminations altogether.7)Asian Americans are playing a more active role in politics than ever before,both at local and national level.8)My uncle believes that in our town sightseeing is best done either by tour busor by bicycle.9)Wood flooring not only cleans easily, but is environmentally friendly.10)Until I read the article I knew neither where she was brought up nor (whereshe was) educated.11)I find the new manager neither easy to get along with nor delightful to talk to.12)Contrary to what people had expected, not only did he attend the meeting,but he also spoke for twenty minutes.3.Fill in each blank with ONE suitable word.(1) other (2) best (3) reason (4) mental (5) next(6) As (7) take (8) cool (9) thinking (10) rest4.Translate the following sentences into English.1)The premier is leaving for New York for a UN conference tomorrow.2)He is to meet the heads of state of several countries during his stay in NewYork.3)What are you going to do during the National Day holidays Are you goinghome or staying on campus4)— What do you think school will be like in twenty years’ time— I think children will probably l earn at home with a mechanical teacher.5)Thirty years ago, my grandparents never thought they would be able to moveinto a two-storey house with all the modern facilities.6)What they lack is not money but experience.7)They have come to China not only to learn Chinese, but to learn aboutChinese culture as well.8)What children want most from their parents are not material things but loveand attention.9)You may either write your essay in your regular exercise book or do it onyour computer.10)I’m not quite sure why he didn’t show up. Either he was not interested, or hesimply forgot about it.11)A society should respect both its scientists and its garbage collectors.12)He is miserly both with his money and with his time.5.Identify and correct the mistakes. Note there is no mistake in two of thesentences.1)I will phone you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.2)We can hardly imagine what life will be like in 50 years.3)What are we going to do if Edith won’t help us (No mistake in this sentence.Here “if…will” is possible when will expresses “willingness”.)4)Please be seated, everyone. The show is about to begin. (Use “be about to dosth” to say that something will happen almost immediately. “Will” is not used.)5)It is predicted that in about ten years’ time, China will be able to send man tothe Moon. (“To be able to do sth” is used to say it is possible for someone orsomething to do something.)6)Drop in whenever you please. You’ll always be welcome. (Adverbs offrequency, such as always, usually, often, sometimes, etc, usually goimmediately in front of the main verb.)7)Neither his parents, nor his brother was able to come to his performance. (Themain verb agrees with the noun phrase introduced by nor.)8)Both her friends and her English teacher believe she will win the talentcontest.9)My father regards creativity both as a gift and as a skill. (Normally, the twoitems connected by emphasizing coordinating conjunctions should beexpressed in the same grammatical form, here, two prepositional phrases.)10)We can either do it now or after class—it’s up to you. (Nomistake. Though the two i tems “now” and “after class”aren’t the same grammatical form, this is acceptable because we can regard them as condensed from “We can either do it now or do it after class.” Therefore, the two items can also be different grammatical forms serving the same grammatical function, here, both adverbials.)又是一个新学年——为什么上大学约翰·查尔迪首先，给大家讲讲我教书生涯刚开始的时候经历过的一次失败吧。
