drinking culture

中国菜名官方翻译原则：终于知道怎么给老外介绍中国菜了夫妻肺片Couple’s Sliced Beef in Chili Sauce、麻婆豆腐Mapo Tofu、北京炸酱面Noodles with Soy Bean Paste,Beijing Style…中国菜名不仅包含了原材料，还糅合了文化、历史等元素。

掌握菜单翻译原则，看完终于知道怎么给老外介绍中国菜了!中国菜的分类Classifications of Chinese Cuisine一、八大菜系Eight Famous Cuisines鲁菜Lu Cuisine(Shandong Cuisine)川菜Chuan Cuisine(Sichuan Cuisine)粤菜Yue Cuisine(Guangdong Cuisine)闽菜Min Cuisine(Fujian Cuisine)苏菜Su Cuisine(Jiangsu Cuisine)浙菜Zhe Cuisine(Zhejiang Cuisine)湘菜Xiang Cuisine(Hunan Cuisine)徽菜Hui Cuisine(Anhui Cuisine)二、菜品分类Types of Courses凉菜类Cold Dishes热菜类Hot Dishes汤羹粥煲类Soups,Congees and Casseroles主食和小吃Main Food and Snacks西餐Western Cuisine开胃菜(头盘及沙拉类)Appetizers and Salads汤类Soups副菜Entrées主菜Main Courses配菜Side Dishes甜点Desserts饮品Drinks一、酒精类饮品Alcoholic Beverages国酒Chinese Wines洋酒Imported Wines白兰地与威士忌Brandy and Whisky金酒与朗姆酒Gin and Rum伏特加与龙舌兰Vodka and Tequila利口酒和开胃酒Liqueurs and Aperitifs红酒Red Wine二、不含酒精类饮品Non-Alcoholic Beverages三、中国饮品文化Chinese Drinking Culture中国茶文化Chinese Tea Culture中国酒文化Chinese Wine Culture中国菜名的翻译原则以主料为主，配料或配汁为辅的翻译原则1.菜肴的主料和配料主料(名称/形状)+with+配料如：松仁香菇Chinese Mushrooms with Pine Nuts2.菜肴的主料和配汁主料with/in+汤汁(Sauce)如：冰梅凉瓜Bitter Melon in Plum Sauce以烹制方法为主，原料为辅的翻译原则1.菜肴的做法和主料做法(动词过去分词)+主料(名称/形状)如：拌双耳Tossed Black and White Fungus2.菜肴的做法、主料和配料做法(动词过去分词)+主料(名称/形状)+配料如：豌豆辣牛肉Sautéed Spicy Beef and Green Peas3.菜肴的做法、主料和汤汁做法(动词过去分词)+主料(名称/形状)+with/in+汤汁如：川北凉粉Tossed Clear Noodles with Chili Sauce以形状、口感为主，原料为辅的翻译原则1.菜肴形状或口感以及主配料形状/口感+主料如：玉兔馒头Rabbit-Shaped Mantou脆皮鸡Crispy Chicken2.菜肴的做法、形状或口感、做法以及主配料做法(动词过去分词)+形状/口感+主料+配料如：小炒黑山羊Sautéed Sliced Lamb with Pepper and Parsley 以人名、地名为主，原料为辅的翻译原则1.菜肴的创始人(发源地)和主料人名(地名)+主料如：麻婆豆腐Mapo Tofu(Sautéed Tofu in Hot and Spicy Sauce)广东点心Cantonese Dim Sum2.介绍菜肴的创始人(发源地)、主配料及做法做法(动词过去式)+主辅料+人名/地名+Style如：四川辣子鸡Spicy Chicken,Sichuan Style北京炸酱面Noodles with Soy Bean Paste,Beijing Style体现中国餐饮文化，使用汉语拼音命名或音译的翻译原则1.具有中国特色且被外国人接受的传统食品，本着推广汉语及中国餐饮文化的原则，使用汉语拼音。

毕业论文(设计)论文（设计）题目：中英饮茶文化之间的差异（英文）The Differences of Tea-drinking Culture betweenChina and Britain姓名：学号：院（系）：外语学部专业：英语（旅游）指导老师：2010年5月The Differences of Tea-drinking Culture betweenChina and BritainStudent：Tutor:College of Arts and science of Jianghan UniversityMay, 2010AbstractChina is the native place of tea, and it is the first country in the world to plant, drink and export tea. In China, people not only formed a special way of tea drinking, but also developed an art form called tea drinking. This kind of tea culture spreads to other countries, so tea export can be regarded as carrying forward the tradition, or as spreading the culture, and It has great importance. Britain began to drink tea in the seventeenth century，comparing with other European countries, the tea culture of Britain is the most famous and typical, and it has formed its own special tea culture, for example, the world's famous Afternoon Tea, however, what is different with China’s tea culture?The paper aims to illustrate the different of tea-drinking culture between Britain and China from the four points, the manner of tea drinking, the spirit of tea ceremony, the culture of tea house, and the impact of tea drinking. At last, according to the comparison, the writer suggests two points to develop our own tea culture, establishing the national day of tea drinking and creating our own international tea brand.Key words: Tea-drinking culture Difference China Britain Suggestion摘要中国是茶的本产地, 它是世界上第一个种茶,饮茶和出口茶叶的国家。

中英酒文化对比英语作文A Comparative Analysis of Chinese and British Drinking Cultures。

Introduction:In a world brimming with diverse customs and traditions, the drinking cultures of China and Britain stand out as notable examples. While both nations enjoy their libations, the manner in which they approach alcohol consumption reflects distinct societal values, historical influences, and cultural norms. This essay endeavors to compare and contrast the drinking cultures of China and Britain, shedding light on their unique characteristics and underlying meanings.Historical Context:To comprehend the contemporary drinking cultures of China and Britain, it is essential to delve into theirhistorical roots. In China, the tradition of alcohol consumption dates back thousands of years, intertwined with ancient rituals, philosophical beliefs, and social customs. From the ceremonial libations of the Zhou dynasty to the refined art of tea-infused liquors during the Tang dynasty, alcohol has played a multifaceted role in Chinese society, symbolizing hospitality, celebration, and communal harmony.In contrast, the drinking culture of Britain has been shaped by a blend of indigenous traditions and external influences. The introduction of beer by the Celts and the subsequent Roman occupation laid the foundation for a rich brewing heritage, which evolved over the centuries to include a diverse array of beverages, from ales and stouts to gins and whiskies. The pub culture, deeply ingrained in British society, serves as a focal point for social interaction, camaraderie, and conviviality.Social Dynamics:The social dynamics surrounding alcohol consumption differ significantly between China and Britain. In China,the act of drinking is often imbued with symbolic significance, reflecting hierarchical relationships, filial piety, and group cohesion. The tradition of toasting, known as "ganbei," underscores the importance of solidarity and mutual respect, as individuals raise their glasses to honor one another and affirm collective bonds.In contrast, the British approach to drinking is characterized by a more informal and egalitarian ethos, epitomized by the convivial atmosphere of pubs and taverns. Here, patrons from all walks of life gather to unwind, engage in lively conversation, and partake in communalrituals such as buying rounds of drinks. The pub serves asa democratic space where social barriers are often blurred, fostering a sense of inclusivity and camaraderie among its patrons.Cultural Significance:Beyond its social dimensions, the drinking culture of each nation carries profound cultural significance,reflecting broader values, norms, and aspirations. In China,alcohol is intricately linked to concepts of harmony, balance, and hospitality, as exemplified by the elaborate banquets of traditional Chinese cuisine, where the servingof fine wines and spirits signifies generosity and goodwill. Moreover, certain alcoholic beverages, such as baijiu, hold special cultural status, symbolizing prosperity, auspiciousness, and ritual purity.Similarly, in Britain, the consumption of alcohol is intertwined with notions of conviviality, sociability, and conviviality. The pub, as a quintessential institution of British life, embodies the ideals of community, fellowship, and collective identity. Moreover, British spirits such as gin and whisky have attained global renown, not only for their distinctive flavors but also for their cultural resonance, evoking images of misty moors, roaring fires,and convivial gatherings.Conclusion:In conclusion, the drinking cultures of China andBritain offer fascinating insights into the complexities ofhuman sociality, cultural expression, and historical continuity. While both nations share a deep appreciation for alcoholic beverages, their respective approaches to drinking reflect unique historical legacies, social dynamics, and cultural values. By examining these differences and similarities, we gain a deeper understanding of the diverse ways in which alcohol shapes and reflects the societies in which we live.。

关于中英酒文化差别的作文英语Drinking culture varies greatly between different countries, and China and the UK are no exception. In this essay, I will discuss the differences between Chinese and British drinking culture from various perspectives, including social etiquette, alcohol types, drinking occasions, and the impact of drinking on health.Firstly, social etiquette plays a significant role in both Chinese and British drinking culture. In China, toasting is an essential part of social gatherings and business banquets. It is considered impolite to refuse a toast from a superior or a host, and individuals are expected to finish their drinks in one gulp as a sign of respect. On the other hand, in the UK, while toasting and clinking glasses are common, there is less emphasis on the strict observance oftoasting etiquette. It is generally acceptable to decline a drink or to drink at one's own pace without offending others.Secondly, the types of alcohol consumed in China and the UK are different. In China, baijiu, a strong distilled spirit, is the most popular traditional alcoholic beverage. It isoften consumed during formal occasions and is believed to promote camaraderie and harmony. In contrast, the UK is known for its wide variety of beers, ales, and ciders, as well asits renowned spirits such as gin, whisky, and vodka. TheBritish drinking culture tends to revolve around pubs and social drinking, with a focus on the enjoyment andappreciation of different types of alcohol.In terms of drinking occasions, Chinese and British drinking culture also exhibit differences. In China, drinking is often associated with formal banquets and business dinners, where toasting and drinking to excess are common practices.It is seen as a way to build relationships and facilitatebusiness negotiations. In the UK, drinking is a part of everyday socializing and relaxation. Pubs are central to British social life, and many social events and celebrations involve drinking alcohol in a more casual and informal setting.Finally, the attitudes towards the impact of drinking on health differ between China and the UK. While excessive drinking is generally frowned upon in both cultures, it is more common for heavy drinking to be associated with social and business obligations in China. In the UK, there is increasing awareness of the health risks of alcohol consumption, and there is a growing trend towards responsible drinking and moderation.In conclusion, the cultural differences between Chinese and British drinking culture are evident in social etiquette, alcohol types, drinking occasions, and attitudes towards the impact of drinking on health. Understanding and respectingthese differences can help individuals navigate social situations in both cultures and promote cross-cultural understanding.。

中英酒文化差异英语作文Cultural Differences in Drinking between China and the UK。

Drinking culture is an important aspect of social life in many countries. However, there are significant differences in drinking culture between China and the UK. These differences are rooted in the history, traditions, and social norms of each country. In this essay, I will explore the cultural differences in drinking between China and the UK.Firstly, in China, drinking is often seen as a way to build relationships and show respect. It is common for business partners to drink together as a sign of trust and friendship. In contrast, in the UK, drinking is often seen as a way to relax and have fun. It is common for friends to go to a pub or bar to socialize and enjoy a few drinks.Secondly, the types of alcohol consumed in China andthe UK are different. In China, the most popular alcoholic beverage is baijiu, a strong distilled spirit made from sorghum. It is often served during banquets and important occasions. In the UK, beer and wine are the most popular alcoholic beverages. They are often consumed in pubs or at home with friends and family.Thirdly, the drinking habits and attitudes towards alcohol are different in China and the UK. In China, people often drink in a group and take turns toasting each other.It is considered impolite to refuse a drink when offered.In the UK, people often drink alone or with a few friends.It is common for people to refuse a drink if they do not want to drink or if they have to drive.Fourthly, the legal drinking age is different in China and the UK. In China, the legal drinking age is 18. However, it is common for young people to start drinking before they reach the legal age. In the UK, the legal drinking age is also 18, but it is strictly enforced. It is illegal to sell alcohol to anyone under the age of 18.Finally, the attitudes towards drunkenness aredifferent in China and the UK. In China, drunkenness isoften seen as a sign of weakness and lack of self-control.It is considered impolite to get drunk in public. In the UK, drunkenness is often seen as a sign of having a good time.It is common for people to get drunk at parties and social events.In conclusion, there are significant culturaldifferences in drinking between China and the UK. These differences are rooted in the history, traditions, andsocial norms of each country. Understanding thesedifferences can help people from different cultures to interact and socialize more effectively.。

酒座文化英语作文The Culture of Drinking in China。

Introduction:Drinking culture has a long history in China and plays a significant role in social interactions. From ancient times to the present day, the act of drinking together has been seen as a way to build relationships, strengthen connections, and celebrate special occasions. This essay will explore the various aspects of the drinking culture in China, including its historical roots, social significance, and etiquette.Historical Roots:The tradition of drinking in China can be traced back to ancient times. In the Zhou Dynasty, for example,drinking wine was an essential part of religious rituals and feasts. Wine was believed to have the power to connectpeople with the divine and strengthen social bonds. Overthe centuries, drinking evolved from a religious practiceto a social custom, becoming deeply ingrained in Chinese culture.Social Significance:In contemporary China, drinking has become an integral part of social interactions. It is common for people to gather at restaurants or homes to share a meal and drink together. Drinking is seen as a way to relax, have fun, and build trust among friends, colleagues, and business partners. It is also used to celebrate important eventssuch as weddings, birthdays, and promotions. In these situations, drinking is often accompanied by toasts, where participants express their well wishes and respect for one another.Drinking Etiquette:Drinking in China is not simply about consuming alcohol; it is also about following certain etiquette rules. Themost important rule is to never pour your own drink. Instead, it is customary for others to pour your drink, and in return, you should pour drinks for others. This gesture of respect and care is an essential part of Chinesedrinking culture. Additionally, when someone proposes a toast, it is polite to raise your glass slightly higher than theirs as a sign of respect. It is also considered impolite to refuse a toast, as it may be seen as rejecting the relationship or friendship being offered.Drinking Games:Drinking games are often played during social gatherings in China. These games add an element of fun and camaraderie to the drinking experience. One popular game is "ganbei," which means "bottoms up." In this game, participants toast each other and drink their glasses in one gulp. Another common game is "finger-guessing," where participants guess the number of fingers held up by their opponents. The loser has to drink a certain amount of alcohol as a penalty. These games not only create a lively atmosphere but also help to break the ice and foster asense of unity among participants.Health Concerns:While drinking is deeply rooted in Chinese culture, there is growing awareness of the potential health risks associated with excessive alcohol consumption. In recent years, the Chinese government has implemented campaigns to promote responsible drinking and raise awareness about the harmful effects of alcohol abuse. These initiatives aim to strike a balance between preserving the cultural significance of drinking and promoting a healthy lifestyle.Conclusion:The culture of drinking in China is an integral part of social interactions, with deep historical roots and significant social significance. It serves as a way tobuild relationships, celebrate special occasions, and strengthen connections. By understanding and respecting the drinking etiquette, one can fully engage in this cultural tradition while also being mindful of the potential healthrisks. The drinking culture in China is a unique aspect of Chinese society and continues to evolve with the changing times.。

饮茶方式英语作文Tea Drinking Culture。

Tea is a traditional Chinese beverage and has a long history of over 5,000 years. It is not only a drink, but also a symbol of Chinese culture. Tea drinking is an important part of Chinese people's daily life and social activities. In this essay, I will talk about the tea drinking culture in China.Firstly, tea drinking is a way of communication. In China, people often invite friends or relatives to drink tea together. They sit around a table, chat, and enjoy the tea. This is a good way to communicate and strengthen relationships. People can also learn from each other and exchange ideas while drinking tea.Secondly, tea drinking is a way of relaxation. Drinking tea can help people relax and relieve stress. When people are tired or stressed, they can make a cup of tea and enjoythe fragrance and taste of the tea. This can help them calm down and feel better.Thirdly, tea drinking is a way of health care. Tea contains various nutrients and antioxidants that are good for health. Drinking tea regularly can help prevent diseases and improve health. For example, green tea can help reduce the risk of cancer and heart disease, while chrysanthemum tea can help relieve eye strain and improve eyesight.Finally, tea drinking is a way of art. Chinese tea culture is not only about drinking tea, but also about appreciating the beauty of tea. The tea ceremony is a traditional Chinese art form that involves the preparation and serving of tea. It emphasizes the aesthetics of tea, including the color, fragrance, taste, and texture of the tea.In conclusion, tea drinking is an important part of Chinese culture. It is not only a drink, but also a way of communication, relaxation, health care, and art. Itreflects the wisdom and philosophy of the Chinese people. Therefore, we should cherish and promote the tea drinking culture.。

中国酒文化英文作文China has a long history of alcohol production, and the drinking culture has been an important part of Chinesesocial life for thousands of years.The most famous Chinese alcoholic beverage is baijiu, a strong distilled spirit made from sorghum or other grains.It is often consumed during important social and business occasions, and plays a significant role in Chineseetiquette and hospitality.In Chinese traditional culture, drinking is often seen as a way to build and strengthen relationships. It is common for people to toast each other during meals or gatherings, and refusing a drink can be considered impolite.Drinking games are also popular in Chinese drinking culture, and they are often used as a way to break the ice and bring people closer together. These games can rangefrom simple to complex, and often involve a lot of laughterand camaraderie.In recent years, there has been a growing interest in Chinese craft beer and wine. Many young people are exploring new and innovative ways to enjoy alcohol, and this has led to the rise of a vibrant and diverse drinking culture in China.。

大学英语作文：中国酒文化The DrinkingCulture in China导读：本文大学英语作文：中国酒文化The Drinking Culture in China，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。

【篇一】中国酒文化The Drinking Culture in ChinaChina has over 500million drinkers, according to a 2008 report by a Chinese association. About 62% ofChina’s drinkers start their habit between the age of 18 and 25. This is the age that the children are getting mature, most teenagers start to drink because they need to maintain social connections.China’s drinking culture thus keeps all the time.中国有超过5亿的喝酒的人，根据2008年中国某个社团的报告。

大约62%的中国酒民在18到25岁开始他们的喝酒习惯。

这这段年龄间，孩子们正处在变得成熟期，大部分的青少年开始喝酒因为他们需要维持社交。

中国的酒文化因此一直持续。

Most girls don’t like their fathers or boyfriends to drink, while inChina, it is so common for a man to drink wine and smoke cigarette. Men’s drinking is a tradition culture inChina, they have their reasons. “For a better career future, you have to accept your boss’s toast, you also need to drink with your clients”, a man said, topleased your boss, every man needs to learn to drink. For the teenagers, it is a way to give your friends respect and merge into the society, everyone around you is drinking, if you don’t drink, how awkward.大部分女孩不喜欢他们的父亲或者男朋友喝酒，然而在中国，这对一个男生来说喝酒喝抽烟是很正常的。