上海市2012年春季高考英语试卷含答案
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2012年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试(上海卷)英语答案解析第Ⅰ卷Ⅰ.Listening ComprehensionSection A1.【答案】B【解析】原文:W: Hello, may I help you?M: Yes, we would like to check into our room.Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?2.【答案】C【解析】原文:W: Come on, John! Relax! What can go wrong?M: At my first job interview? Plenty.Q: How does the man feel?3.【答案】B【解析】原文:M: Good morning, madam, what can I do for you?W: Well, someone at the hotel suggested I come here to buy a coat.Q: What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?4.【答案】C【解析】原文:W: I gave Dave 300 dollars for his sponsored concert.M: 300 dollars? Sandy, you must be mad! I wish I had 300 dollars to throw round like that.Q: What does the man mean?5.【答案】D【解析】原文:M: Shall I come and take you to the railway station?W: No, thanks, I’ll manage. It’s not far any way.Q: What can we learn about the woman?6.【答案】B【解析】原文:W: How many children have you got?M: Two. John’s five and Clair’s four. And there’s another one on the way. Q: How many children will the man most probably have?7.【答案】A【解析】原文:W: Do you know how I can stop drinking too much coffee?M: No, but I wish I did. I spend too much money at cafe’s.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?8.【答案】D【解析】原文:W: Could you give me a hand moving this cupboard, please?M: Well, I’d rather not if you don’t mind. I’m not feeling well today.Q: What does the man mean?9.【答案】C【解析】原文:M: Tom’ s house is a mess! Doesn’t he ever clean it?W: I guess he just has too much ails on his mind with that new job.Q: What can we learn about Tom?10.【答案】A【解析】原文:M: I didn’t have any trouble in finding accommodation in Britain.W: According to my experience, it sounds too good to be true.Q: what does the woman mean?Section B11.【答案】A12.【答案】D13.【答案】C【解析】原文:Well, I own a small data processing company, in which I employ about eight to ten workers. And the point I want to make has to do with trust. I know it’s possible to force people to be 100% efficient. But I think when you do that, you lose confidence and trust. I let my employees use our equipment and make personal phone calls. They are more than welcome to decide what is right and wrong. Because I think you can’t run a company by just giving orders to robots and watching them like big brother, right? I think you have to trust people and give them a little freedom. And also, as far as phone calls and all that go, I want my people to call home and check on their children and know their children are safe and sound. As a result, I have devoted employees who are willing to go that extra mile and I can honestly say they show up to work smiling. So I get more satisfaction and rewards by trusting my employees than by suspecting them of doing something wrong.14.【答案】B15.【答案】D16.【答案】A【解析】原文:The roots of Canadian English can be found in the events which followed the American revolution of 1776. Those who had supported Britain found themselves unable to stay in the new United States, and most went to Canada. They were soon followed by many thousands who were attracted by the cheapness of land. Within 50 years, the population of upper Canada had reached 100 thousand, mainly people from the United States. In the east, the Atlantic provinces had been settled by English speakers as early as the 15th century, but even today, these areas contain less than ten per cent of the population, so that they have only a limited role in the development of Canadian English. In Quebec, the majority of people use French as a mother tone. Here English and French exist together but uneasily. Because of its origins, Canadian English has a great deal in common with the rest of the English spoken in North America, and is often difficult to distinguish for people who live outside the region. To British people, Canadians may sound American; to Americans, they may sound British. Canadians themselves insist on not being identified with either, and certainly, there is a great deal of evidence in support of this view.Section C17.【答案】History18.【答案】HD330919.【答案】photography20.【答案】Tuesday【解析】原文:A: Good morning, Leeds University students registration center. B: Good morning, I need to register for a class. A:OK. May I take your name, please? B: Sure, it’s Andrew Smith.A: Which department do you study with? B: The history department. A: May I have your student ID? B: HD3309. A: What class are you trying to take? B: I want to take a photography class. A: Well, there’re only two classes open. B: Can you tell me what days the classes are on? A: One is on Tuesday, from 2 pm. to 4 pm. B: And the other?A: From 10:00 to 12:00 on Thursday. B: OK, sign me up for the class on Tuesday.A: Very well, then.21.【答案】religions22.【答案】good friends/more than friends/like a family23.【答案】their daughter24.【答案】a simple smile【解析】原文:A: Welcome to our program, Anny. Please tell our audience the best things about the experiment in international living.B: Well, my group was great! And I love my host family. A: Can you tell us about your group?B: Well, we were all high school students from the US. But we were very different.A: You mean from different cities, with different religions and cultures? B: Yes, and I was existed about that. We learnt that we weren’t really so different. A: What do you mean?B: Well, we became such good frie nds. More than friends, we were like a family. A: Wonderful. I’d like to know more about your host family.B: Oh, I loved my host family in Costa Rica. They were my family, too. I felt like I was their daughter. A: So nice! Did you have any problems speaking with them?B: No, not really. Actually, I learnt a lot of Spanish from them. And I also learnt that language is not always so important. A: What do you mean?B: Well, in some cases, a simple smile can say more than words. A: Thanks so much, Anny.Ⅱ. Grammar and vocabularySection A25.【答案】B【解析】此处without意为:没有。
2012年高考英语真题(上海卷)及参考答案第I卷(共105分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a library. B. At a hotel. C. At a bank. D. At an airport.2. A. Relaxed. B. Annoyed. C. Worried. D. Satisfied.3. A. Doctor and patient. B. Shop owner and customer.C. Secretary and boss.D. Receptionist and guest.4. A. He would have thrown $300 around. B. $300 is not enough for the concert.C. Sandy shouldn’t have given that much.D. Dave must be mad with the money.5. A. She lives close to the man. B. She changes her mind at last.C. She will turn to her manager.D. She declines the man’s offer.6. A. 2 B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.7. A. Both of them drink too much coffee. B. The woman doesn’t like coffee at all.C. They help each other stop drinking coffee.D. The man is uninterested in the wom an’s story.8. A. He doesn’t mind helping the woman. B. He hesitates whether to help or not.C. He’ll help if the woman doesn’t mind.D. He can’t help move the cupboard.9. A. He’s planning to find a new job. B. He prefers to keep his house in a mess.C. He’s too busy to clean his house.D. He has already cleaned his new house.10. A. She doesn’t agree with the man. B. She is good at finding a place to stay.C. She could hardly find the truth.D. She had no travel experience in Britain.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Use the company’s equipment. B. Give orders to robots.C. Make decisions for the company.D. Act as Big Brother.12. A. Employees gain full freedom. B. Employees suspect one another.C. Employees’ children are happy.D. Employees enjoy working there.13. A. Reward. B. Safety. C. Trust. D. Honesty.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Canada had a smaller population. B. Land was cheaper in Canada.C. They wanted to continue the Revolution.D. They were against Britain.15. A. They standardized Canadian English. B. They settled there after the Revolution.C. They enjoy a very high social position.D. They make up a small part of the population.16. A. It is considered unique to some extent. B. It is greatly influenced by French.C. It is mainly linked to British culture.D. It dates back to the late 17th century.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25.______ passion, people won’t have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking.A. ForB. WithoutC. BeneathD. By26.Is honesty the best policy? We ______ that it is when we are little.A. will teachB. teachC. are taughtD. will be taught27.As Jack left his membership card at home, he wasn’t allowed ______ into the sports club.A. goingB. to goC. goD. gone28.The new law states that people ______ drive after drinking alcohol.A. wouldn’tB. needn’tC. won’tD. mustn’t29.Only with the greatest of luck ______ to escape from the rising flood waters.A. managed sheB. she managedC. did she manageD. she did manage30.—I hear that Jason is planning to buy a car.—I know. By next month, he ______ enough for a used one.A. will have savedB. will be savingC. has savedD. saves31.When he took his gloves off, I noticed that ______ one had his name written inside.A. eachB. everyC. otherD. another32.I have a tight budget for the trip, so I’m not going to fly ______ the airlines lower ticket prices.A. onceB. ifC. afterD. unless33.When Peter speaks in public, he always has trouble ______ the right things to say.A. thinking ofB. to think ofC. thought ofD. think of34.There is much truth in the idea ______ kindness is usually served by frankness.A. whyB. whichC. thatD. whether35.Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from ______ you received gifts?A. whichB. themC. thatD. whom36.The club, ______ 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members.A. foundedB. foundingC. being foundedD. to be founded37.—Was it by cutting down staff ______ she saved the firm?—No, it was by improving work efficiency.A. whenB. whatC. howD. that38.—We’ve only got this small bookcase. Will that do?—No, ______ I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger.A. whoB. thatC. whatD. which39.“Genius” is a complicated concept, ______ many different factors.A. involvedB. involvingC. to involveD. being involved40.The map is one of the best tools a man has ______ he goes to a new place.A. wheneverB. whateverC. whereverD. howeverSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be usedFilmgoers should be told how many calories there are in the popcorn, ice cream and soft drinks that they buy in cinemas, according to the Food Standard Agency.Smaller popcorn buckets and drink cups should also be made 41 , the nutrition inspector said.Tim Smith, chief executive of the agency, told The Times that cinemas should help to deal with the country’s overweight42 .“There is a misbelief that popcorn is calorie-free, but that is not the case. It is a 43 to us,” he said. “Portion sizes are also a big issue, and there seems to be increasingly big packs on sale.”He spoke as a number of food chains such as Pret A Manger, Wimpey and The Real Greek 44 to put calorie counts on all their menus.A trial scheme(试行方案) with 21 food companies took place last summer, and 45 are that consumers altered their buying habits when they realised the number of calories in a product.A consultation (征询意见) on the trial ends next month but Mr Smith is already planning the second drive for American-style calorie counts and is 46 to win support from cinemas and other entertainment places, from football grounds to concert halls.Government 47 suggest that two thirds of adults and a third of children are overweight. If trends are not 48 , this could rise to almost nine in ten adults and two thirds of children by 2050, putting them at 49 risk of heart disease, cancer and other diseases.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Filling in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.People on a college campus were more likely to give money to the March of Dimes if they were askedfor a donation by a disabled woman in a wheelchair than if asked by a nondisabled woman. In another 50 , subway riders in New York saw a man carrying a stick stumble(绊脚) and fall to the floor. Sometimes the victim had a large red birthmark on his 51 ; sometimes he did not. In this situation, the victim was more likely to 52 aid if his face was spotless than if he had an unattractive birthmark. In 53 these and other research findings, two themes are 54 : we are more willing to help people we like for some reason and people we think 55 assistance.In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid. 56 , in a field study researchers placed a completed application to graduate school in a telephone box at the airport. The application was ready to be 57 , but had apparently been “lost”. The photo attached to the application was sometimes that of a very 58 person and sometimes that of a less attractive person. The measure of helping was whether the individual who found the envelope actually mailed it or not. Results showed that people were more likely to 59 the application if the person in the photo was physically attractive.The degree of 60 between the potential helper and the person in need is also important. For example, people are more likely to help a stranger who is from the same country rather than a foreigner. In one study, shoppers on a busy street in Scotland were more likely to help a person wearing a(n) 61T-shirt than a person wearing a T-shirt printed with offensive words.Whether a person receives help depends in part on the “worth” of the case. For example, shoppers in a supermarket were more likely to give someone 62 to buy milk rather than to buy cookies, probably because milk is thought more essential for 63 than cookies. Passengers on a New York subway were more likely to help a man who fell to the ground if he appeared to be 64 rather than drunk.50.A. study B. way C. word D. college51.A. hand B. arm C. face D. back52.A. refuse B. beg C. lose D. receive53.A. challenging B. recording C. understanding D. publishing54.A. important B. possible C. amusing D. missing55.A. seek B. deserve C. obtain D. accept56.A. At first B. Above all C. In addition D. For example57.A. printed B. mailed C. rewritten D. signed58.A. talented B. good-looking C. helpful D. hard-working59.A. send in B. throw away C. fill out D. turn down60.A. similarity B. friendship C. cooperation D. contact61.A. expensive B. plain C. cheap D. strange62.A. time B. instructions C. money D. chances63.A. shoppers B. research C. children D. health64.A. talkative B. handsome C. calm D. sickSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Phil White has just returned from an 18,000-mile, around-the-world bicycle trip. White had two reasons for making this epic journey. First of all, he wanted to use the trip to raise money for charity, which he did. He raised£70,000 for the British charity, Oxfam. White’s second reason for making the tripwas to break the world record and become the fastest person to cycle around the world. He is still waiting to find out if he has broken the record or not.White set off from Trafalgar Square, in London, on 19th June 2004 and was back 299 days later. He spent more than l,300 hours in the saddle (车座) and destroyed four sets of tyres and three bike chains. He had the adventure of his life crossing Europe, the Middle East, India, Asia, Australia, New Zealand and the Americas. Amazingly, he did all of this with absolutely no support team. No jeep carrying food, water and medicine. No doctor. Nothing! Just a bike and a very, very long road.The journey was lonely and desperate at times. He also had to fight his way across deserts, through jungles and over mountains. He cycled through heavy rains and temperatures of up to 45 degrees, all to help people in need. There were other dangers along the road. In Iran, he was chased by armed robbers and was lucky to escape with his life and the little money he had. The worst thing that happened to him was having to cycle into a headwind on a road that crosses the south of Australia. For l,000 kilometres he battled against the wind that was constantly pushing him. This part of the trip was slow, hard work and depressing, but he made it in the end. Now Mr. White is back and intends to write a book about his adventures.65.When Phil White returned from his trip, he _______.A. broke the world recordB. collected money for OxfamC. destroyed several bikesD. travelled about l,300 hours66.What does the word “epic” in Paragraph l most probably mean?A. Very slow but exciting.B. Very long and difficult.C. Very smooth but tiring.D. Very lonely and depressing.67.During his journey around the world, Phil White _______. 65—68. BBCDA. fought heroically against robbers in IranB. experienced the extremes of heat and coldC. managed to ride against the wind in AustraliaD. had a team of people who travelled with him68.Which of the following words can best describe Phil White?A. Imaginative.B. Patriotic.C. Modest.D. Determined.(B)The value-packed, all-inclusivesight-seeing package thatcombines the best of Sydney’sharbour, city, bay and beachhighlights.A SydneyPass gives you unlimited and flexible travel on the Explorer Buses: the ‘red’ Sydney Explorer shows you around our exciting city sights while the ‘blue’ Bondi Explorer visits Sydney Harbour bays and famous beaches. Take to the water on one of three magnificent daily harbour cruises (游船). You can also travel free on regular Sydney Buses, Sydney Ferries or CityRail services (limited area), so you can go to every corner of this beautiful city.Imagine browsing at Darling Harbour, sampling the famous seafood at Watsons Bay or enjoying the city lights on an evening ferry cruise. The possibilities and plans are endless with a SydneyPass. Wherever you decide to go, remember that bookings are not required on any of our services so tickets are treated on a first in, first seated basis.SydneyPasses are available for 3, 5 or 7 days for use over a 7 calendar day period. With a 3 or 5 day pass you choose on which days out of the 7 you want to use it. All SydneyPasses include a free Airport Express inward trip before starting your 3, 5 or 7 days, and the return trip is valid (育效的) for 2 months from the first day your ticket was used.*A child is defined as anyone from the ages of 4 years to under 16 years. Children under 4 years travel free.**A family is defined as 2 adults and any number of children from 4 to under 16 years of age from the same family.69.A SydneyPass doesn’t offer unlimited rides on _______.A. the Explorer BusesB. the harbour cruisesC. regular Sydney BusesD. CityRail services70.With a SydneyPass, a traveller can _______.A. save fares from and to the airportB. take the Sydney Explorer to beachesC. enjoy the famous seafood for freeD. reserve seats easily in a restaurant71.If 5-day tickets were to be recommended to a mother who travelled with her colleague and her children,aged 3, 6 and 10, what would the lowest cost be?A. $225.B. $300.C. $360.D. $420.(C)Researchers in the psychology department at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) have discovered a major difference in the way men and women respond to stress. This difference may explain why men are more likely to suffer from stress-related disorders.Until now, psychological research has maintained that both men and women have the same “fight-or-flight” reaction to stress. In other words, individuals e ither react with aggressive behavior, such as verbal or physical conflict (“fight”), or they react by withdrawing from the stressful situation (“flight”). However, the UCLA research team found that men and women have quite different biological and behavioral responses to stress. While men often react to stress in the fight-or-flight response, women often have another kind of reaction which could be called “tend and befriend.” That is, they often react to stressful conditions by protecting and nurturing their young (“tend”), and by looking for social contact and support from others—especially other females (‘befriend”).Scientists have long known that in the fight-or-flight reaction to stress, an important role is played by certain hormones(激素) released by the body. The UCLA research team suggests that the female tend-or-befriend response is also based on a hormone. This hormone, called oxytocin, has been studied in the context of childbirth, but now it is being studied for its role in the response of both men and women to stress. The principal investigator, Dr. Shelley E. Taylor, explained that “animals and people with high levels of oxytocin are calmer, more relaxe d, more social, and less anxious.” While men also secrete(分泌)oxytocin, its effects are reduced by male hormones.In terms of everyday behavior, the UCLA study found that women are far more likely than men to seek social contact when they are feeling stressed. They may phone relatives or friends, or ask directions if they are lost.The study also showed how fathers and mothers responded differently when they came home to their family after a stressful day at work. The typical father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace and quiet. For a typical mother, coping with a bad day at work meant focusing her attention on her children and their needs.The differences in responding to stress may explain the fact that women have lower frequency ofstress-related disorders such as high blood pressure or aggressive behavior. The tend-and-befriend regulatory(调节的) system may protect women against stress, and this may explain why women on average live longer than men.72.The UCLA study shows that in response to stress, men are more likely than women to _______.A. turn to friends for helpB. solve a conflict calmlyC. find an escape from realityD. seek comfort from children73.Which of the following is true about oxytocin according to the passage?A. Men have the same level of oxytocin as women do.B. Oxytocin used to be studied in both men and women.C. Both animals and people have high levels of oxytocin.D. Oxytocin has more of an effect on women than on men.74.What can be learned from the passage?A. Male hormones help build up the body’s resistance to stress.B. In a family a mother cares more about children than a father does.C. Biological differences lead to different behavioral responses to stress.D. The UCLA study was designed to confirm previous research findings.75.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. How men and women get over stress.B. How men and women suffer from stress.C. How researchers overcome stress problems.D. How researchers handle stress-related disorders.Section CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph.76.________ 76—80. FAEDCLearning to read early has become one of those indicators—in parents’ minds at least— that their child is smart. In fact, reading early has very little to do with whether a child is successful academically. Research has shown that difficulty with reading is often due not to inferior intelligence but to differences in the developmental wiring of each individual child. In some cases, there are neurological problems and developmental lags that can be overcome with proper training.77.________Traditionally, American schools teach children at age six, but many schools begin teaching informally in kindergarten and pre-kindergarten. If parents start too early to encourage reading, and a child does not immediately succeed, the parent has a hard time relaxing and letting the child go at his or her own pace. 78.________Over the years, research has proved that the use of both the “whole language” method and the “phonic” method works best for a child to master reading. While the whole language approach, which includes reading to children and getting them interested in both the activity of reading and the story they are reading, is helpful, phonics must be taught. Children must be taught that one of the squiggles they see is a “p” and another a “b”. Getting the print off the page requires a different ability than being able tounderstand the meaning of what is written.79.________You can start developing the skills needed in reading at a very young age without putting any pressure on children. Besides reading to them, parents can start “ear training” their child by playing rhyme games. This develops the child’s ability t o recognize different sounds. In reading to children, parents also can point to words as they go, teaching the child that the funny lines on the page are the words you are saying. All this should be a fun activity.80.________Once a child is in school, the learning of reading is inevitably more serious. For children who have some kind of reading difficulty, you must get a professional diagnosis. While the teacher might say the child is merely disinterested but will get over it, disinterest or poor performance in reading can stem from a number of things, some being very specific learning disabilities that can be identified and worked on. But it is very tricky for parents to deal with their own child’s learning disabilities.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.While contact between adolescents (between the ages of fifteen and nineteen) and their peers (同龄人) is a universal characteristic of all cultures, the nature and the degree of such contact vary a great deal. In American contemporary society, adolescents spend much more time with their peers than with younger children or adults.This pattern of age segregation (隔离) in American society did not become usual until the beginning of the industrialized society. Changes in the workplace separated children from adults, with adults working and children attending school. The dramatic increase of mothers in the workplace has further contributed to the reduction in the amount of time adolescents spend with adults. School reform efforts during the nineteenth century, which resulted in age-segregated schools and grades, have reduced the amount of time adolescents spend with younger children. Finally, the changes in population are considered a factor that may have contributed to the emergence of adolescent peer culture. From 1955 to 1975, the adolescent population increased dramatically, from 11 percent to 20.9 percent. This increase in the number of adolescents might be a contributing factor to the increase in adolescent peer culture in terms of growth in size.Research supports the view that adolescents spend a great deal of time with their peers. Reed Larson and his colleagues examined adolescents’ daily activities and found that they spend more time talking to their friends than engaging in any other activity. In a typical week, high school students will spend twice as much time with their peers as with adults. This gradual withdrawal from adults begins in early adolescence. In sixth grade, adults (excluding parents) account for only 25 percent of adolescent social networks. Another important characteristic of adolescent peer culture is its increasingly autonomous(白治的) function. While childhood peer groups are conducted under the close supervision of parents, adolescent peer groups typically make an effort to escape adult supervision and usually succeed in doing so. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS. ) 81.“This pattern of age segregation” refers to the phenomenon that adolescents segregate themselvesfrom ______________________________________________________________________________.82.Besides changes in the workplace, _________________________________are the other two factors contributing to adolescent peer culture.83.When do adolescents start to spend less time with adults?84.How do adolescent peer groups differ from childhood peer groups?第II卷(共45分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.她五年前开始拉小提琴。
2012年上海市高考英语试卷第I卷(共105分)I. Listening ComprehensionII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25.______ passion, people won‟t have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking.A. ForB. WithoutC. BeneathD. By26.Is honesty the best policy? We ______ that it is when we are little.A. will teachB. teachC. are taughtD. will be taught27.As Jack left his membership card at home, he wasn‟t allowed ______ into the sports club.A. goingB. to goC. goD. gone28.The new law states that people ______ drive after drinking alcohol.A. wouldn‟tB. needn‟tC. won‟tD. mustn‟t29.Only with the greatest of luck ______ to escape from the rising flood waters.A. managed sheB. she managedC. did she manageD. she did manage30.—I hear that Jason is planning to buy a car.—I know. By next month, he ______ enough for a used one.A. will have savedB. will be savingC. has savedD. saves31.When he took his gloves off, I noticed that ______ one had his name written inside.A. eachB. everyC. otherD. another32.I have a tight budget for the trip, so I‟m not going to fly ______ the airlines lower ticket prices.A. onceB. ifC. afterD. unless33.When Peter speaks in public, he always has trouble ______ the right things to say.A. thinking ofB. to think ofC. thought ofD. think of34.There is much truth in the idea ______ kindness is usually served by frankness.A. whyB. whichC. thatD. whether35.Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from ______ you received gifts?A. whichB. themC. thatD. whom36.The club, ______ 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members.A. foundedB. foundingC. being foundedD. to be founded37.—Was it by cutting down staff ______ she saved the firm?—No, it was by improving work efficiency.A. whenB. whatC. howD. that38.—We‟ve only got this small bookcase. Will that do?—No, ______ I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger.A. whoB. thatC. whatD. which39.“Genius” is a complicated concept, ______ many different factors.A. involvedB. involvingC. to involveD. being involved40.The map is one of the best tools a man has ______ he goes to a new place.A. wheneverB. whateverC. whereverD. howeverSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be usedFilmgoers should be told how many calories there are in the popcorn, ice cream and soft drinks that they buy in cinemas, according to the Food Standard Agency.Smaller popcorn buckets and drink cups should also be made 41 , the nutrition inspector said.Tim Smith, chief executive of the agency, told The Times that cinemas should help to deal with the country‟s overweight 42 .“There is a misbelief that popcorn is calorie-free, but that is not the case. It is a 43 to us,” he said. “Portion sizes are also a big issue, and there seems to be increasingly big packs on sale.”He spoke as a number of food chains such as Pret A Manger, Wimpey and The Real Greek 44 to put calorie counts on all their menus.A trial scheme(试行方案) with 21 food companies took place last summer, and 45 are that consumers altered their buying habits when they realised the number of calories in a product.A consultation (征询意见) on the trial ends next month but Mr Smith is already planning the second drive for American-style calorie counts and is 46 to win support from cinemas and other entertainment places, from football grounds to concert halls.Government 47 suggest that two thirds of adults and a third of children are overw eight. If trends are not 48 , this could rise to almost nine in ten adults and two thirds of children by 2050, putting them at 49 risk of heart disease, cancer and other diseases.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Filling in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.People on a college campus were more likely to give money to the March of Dimes if they were asked for a donation by a disabled woman in a wheelchair than if asked by a nondisabled woman. In another 50 , subway riders in New Y ork saw a man carrying a stick stumble(绊脚) and fall to the floor. Sometimes the victim had a large red birthmark on his 51 ; sometimes he did not. In this situation, the victim was more likely to 52 aid if his face was spotless than if he had an unattractive birthmark. In 53 these and other research findings, two themes are 54 : we are more willing to help people we like for some reason and people we think 55 assistance.In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid. 56 , in a field study researchers placed a completed application to graduate school in a telephone box at the airport. The application was ready to be 57 , but had apparently been “lost”. The photo attached to the application was sometimes that of a very 58 person and sometimes that of a less attractive person. The measure of helping was whether the individual who found the envelope actually mailed it or not. Results showed that people were more likely to 59 the application if the person in the photo was physically attractive.The degree of 60 between the potential helper and the person in need is also important. For example, people are more likely to help a stranger who is from the same country rather than a foreigner. In one study, shoppers on a busy street in Scotland were more likely to help a person wearing a(n) 61 T-shirt than a person wearing a T-shirt printed with offensive words.Whether a person receives help depends in part on the “worth” of the case. For example, shoppers ina supermarket were more likely to give someone 62 to buy milk rather than to buy cookies, probably because milk is thought more essential for 63 than cookies. Passengers on a New Y ork subway were more likely to help a man who fell to the ground if he appeared to be 64 rather than drunk.50.A. study B. way C. word D. college51.A. hand B. arm C. face D. back52.A. refuse B. beg C. lose D. receive53.A. challenging B. recording C. understanding D. publishing54.A. important B. possible C. amusing D. missing55.A. seek B. deserve C. obtain D. accept56.A. At first B. Above all C. In addition D. For example57.A. printed B. mailed C. rewritten D. signed58.A. talented B. good-looking C. helpful D. hard-working59.A. send in B. throw away C. fill out D. turn down60.A. similarity B. friendship C. cooperation D. contact61.A. expensive B. plain C. cheap D. strange62.A. time B. instructions C. money D. chances63.A. shoppers B. research C. children D. health64.A. talkative B. handsome C. calm D. sickSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Phil White has just returned from an 18,000-mile, around-the-world bicycle trip. White had two reasons for making this epic journey. First of all, he wanted to use the trip to raise money for charity, which he did. He raised£70,000 for the British charity, Oxfam. White‟s second reason for making the trip was to break the world record and become the fastest person to cycle around the world. He is still waiting to find out if he has broken the record or not.White set off from Trafalgar Square, in London, on 19th June 2004 and was back 299 days later. He spent more than l,300 hours in the saddle (车座) and destroyed four sets of tyres and three bike chains. He had the adventure of his life crossing Europe, the Middle East, India, Asia, Australia, New Zealand and the Americas. Amazingly, he did all of this with absolutely no support team. No jeep carrying food, water and medicine. No doctor. Nothing! Just a bike and a very, very long road.The journey was lonely and desperate at times. He also had to fight his way across deserts, through jungles and over mountains. He cycled through heavy rains and temperatures of up to 45 degrees, all to help people in need. There were other dangers along the road. In Iran, he was chased by armed robbers and was lucky to escape with his life and the little money he had. The worst thing that happened to him was having to cycle into a headwind on a road that crosses the south of Australia. For l,000 kilometres he battled against the wind that was constantly pushing him. This part of the trip was slow, hard work and depressing, but he made it in the end. Now Mr. White is back and intends to write a book about his adventures.65.When Phil White returned from his trip, he _______.A. broke the world recordB. collected money for OxfamC. destroyed several bikesD. travelled about l,300 hours66.What does the word “epic” in Paragraph l most probably mean?A. V ery slow but exciting.B. V ery long and difficult.C. V ery smooth but tiring.D. V ery lonely and depressing.67.During his journey around the world, Phil White _______.A. fought heroically against robbers in IranB. experienced the extremes of heat and coldC. managed to ride against the wind in AustraliaD. had a team of people who travelled with him68.Which of the following words can best describe Phil White?A. Imaginative.B. Patriotic.C. Modest.D. Determined.(B)The value-packed, all-inclusivesight-seeing package thatcombines the best of Sydney’sharbour, city, bay and beachhighlights.A SydneyPass gives you unlimited and flexible travel on the Explorer Buses: the …red‟Sydney Explorer shows you around our exciting city sights while the …blue‟ Bondi Explorer visits Sydney Harbour bays and famous beaches. Take to the water on one of three magnificent daily harbour cruises (游船). Y ou can also travel free on regular Sydney Buses, Sydney Ferries or CityRail services (limited area), so you can go to every corner of this beautiful city.Imagine browsing at Darling Harbour, sampling the famous seafood at Watsons Bay or enjoying the city lights on an evening ferry cruise. The possibilities and plans are endless with a SydneyPass. Wherever you decide to go, remember that bookings are not required on any of our services so tickets are treated on a first in, first seated basis.SydneyPasses are available for 3, 5 or 7 days for use over a 7 calendar day period. With a 3 or 5 day pass you choose on which days out of the 7 you want to use it. All SydneyPasses include a free Airport Express inward trip before starting your 3, 5 or 7 days, and the return trip is valid (育效的) for 2 months from the first day your ticket was used.*A child is defined as anyone from the ages of 4 years to under 16 years. Children under 4 years travel free.**A family is defined as 2 adults and any number of children from 4 to under 16 years of age from the same family.69.A SydneyPass doesn‟t offer unlimited rides on _______.A. the Explorer BusesB. the harbour cruisesC. regular Sydney BusesD. CityRail services70.With a SydneyPass, a traveller can _______.A. save fares from and to the airportB. take the Sydney Explorer to beachesC. enjoy the famous seafood for freeD. reserve seats easily in a restaurant71.If 5-day tickets were to be recommended to a mother who travelled with her colleague and her children,aged 3, 6 and 10, what would the lowest cost be?A. $225.B. $300.C. $360.D. $420.(C)Researchers in the psychology department at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) have discovered a major difference in the way men and women respond to stress. This difference may explain why men are more likely to suffer from stress-related disorders.Until now, psychological research has maintained that both men and women have the same “fight-or-flight” reaction to stress. In other words, individuals either react with aggressive behavior, such as verbal or physical conflict (“fight”), or they react by withdrawing from the stressful situation (“flight”). However, the UCLA research team found that men and women have quite different biological and behavioral responses to stress. While men often react to stress in the fight-or-flight response, women often have another kind of reaction which could be called “tend and befriend.”That is, they often react to stressful conditions by protecting and nurturing their young (“tend”), and by looking for social contact and support from others—especially other females (…befriend”).Scientists have long known that in the fight-or-flight reaction to stress, an important role is played by certain hormones(激素) released by the body. The UCLA research team suggests that the female tend-or-befriend response is also based on a hormone. This hormone, called oxytocin, has been studied in the context of childbirth, but now it is being studied for its role in the response of both men and women to stress. The principal investigator, Dr. Shelley E. Taylor, explained that “animals and people with high levels of oxytocin are calmer, more relaxed, more social, and less anxious.” While men also secrete(分泌)oxytocin, its effects are reduced by male hormones.In terms of everyday behavior, the UCLA study found that women are far more likely than men to seek social contact when they are feeling stressed. They may phone relatives or friends, or ask directions if they are lost.The study also showed how fathers and mothers responded differently when they came home to their family after a stressful day at work. The typical father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace and quiet. For a typical mother, coping with a bad day at work meant focusing her attention on her children and their needs.The differences in responding to stress may explain the fact that women have lower frequency of stress-related disorders such as high blood pressure or aggressive behavior. The tend-and-befriend regulatory(调节的) system may protect women against stress, and this may explain why women on average live longer than men.72.The UCLA study shows that in response to stress, men are more likely than women to _______.A. turn to friends for helpB. solve a conflict calmlyC. find an escape from realityD. seek comfort from children73.Which of the following is true about oxytocin according to the passage?A. Men have the same level of oxytocin as women do.B. Oxytocin used to be studied in both men and women.C. Both animals and people have high levels of oxytocin.D. Oxytocin has more of an effect on women than on men.74.What can be learned from the passage?A. Male hormones help build up the body‟s resistance to stress.B. In a family a mother cares more about children than a father does.C. Biological differences lead to different behavioral responses to stress.D. The UCLA study was designed to confirm previous research findings.75.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. How men and women get over stress.B. How men and women suffer from stress.C. How researchers overcome stress problems.D. How researchers handle stress-related disorders.Section CDirections:Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph.76.________ 76—80. FAEDCLearning to read early has become one of those indicators— in parents‟ minds at least— that their child is smart. In fact, reading early has very little to do with whether a child is successful academically. Research has shown that difficulty with reading is often due not to inferior intelligence but to differences in the developmental wiring of each individual child. In some cases, there are neurological problems and developmental lags that can be overcome with proper training.77.________Traditionally, American schools teach children at age six, but many schools begin teaching informally in kindergarten and pre-kindergarten. If parents start too early to encourage reading, and a child does not immediately succeed, the parent has a hard time relaxing and letting the child go at his or her own pace. 78.________Over the years, research has proved that the use of both the “whole language”method and the “phonic”method works best for a child to master reading. While the whole language approach, which includes reading to children and getting them interested in both the activity of reading and the story they are reading, is helpful, phonics must be taught. Children must be taught that one of the squiggles they see is a “p”and another a “b”. Getting the print off the page requires a different ability than being able to understand the meaning of what is written.79.________Y ou can start developing the skills needed in reading at a very young age without putting any pressure on children. Besides reading to them, parents can start “ear training” their child by playing rhyme games. This develops the child‟s ability to recognize different sounds. In reading to children, parents also can point to words as they go, teaching the child that the funny lines on the page are the words you are saying. All this should be a fun activity.80.________Once a child is in school, the learning of reading is inevitably more serious. For children who have some kind of reading difficulty, you must get a professional diagnosis. While the teacher might say the child is merely disinterested but will get over it, disinterest or poor performanc e in reading can stem from a number of things, some being very specific learning disabilities that can be identified and worked on. But it is very tricky for parents to deal with their own child‟s learning disabilities.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.While contact between adolescents (between the ages of fifteen and nineteen) and their peers (同龄人)is a universal characteristic of all cultures, the nature and the degree of such contact vary a great deal. In American contemporary society, adolescents spend much more time with their peers than with younger children or adults.This pattern of age segregation (隔离) in American society did not become usual until the beginning of the industrialized society. Changes in the workplace separated children from adults, with adults working and children attending school. The dramatic increase of mothers in the workplace has further contributed to the reduction in the amount of time adolescents spend with adults. School reform efforts during the nineteenth century, which resulted in age-segregated schools and grades, have reduced the amount of time adolescents spend with younger children. Finally, the changes in population are considered a factor that may have contributed to the emergence of adolescent peer culture. From 1955 to 1975, the adolescent population increased dramatically, from 11 percent to 20.9 percent. This increase in the number of adolescents might be a contributing factor to the increase in adolescent peer culture in terms of growth in size.Research supports the view that adolescents spend a great deal of time with their peers. Reed Larson and his colleagues examined adolescents‟ daily activities and found that they spend more time talking to their friends than engaging in any other activity. In a typical week, high school students will spend twice as much time with their peers as with adults. This gradual withdrawal from adults begins in early adolescence. In sixth grade, adults (excluding parents) account for only 25 percent of adolescent social networks. Another important characteristic of adolescent peer culture is its increasingly autonomous(白治的) function. While childhood peer groups are conducted under the close supervision of parents, adolescent peer groups typically make an effort to escape adult supervision and usually succeed in doing so. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS. ) 81.“This pattern of age segregation”refers to the phenomenon that adolescents segregate themselvesfrom ______________________________________________________________________________.82.Besides changes in the workplace, _________________________________are the other two factors contributing to adolescent peer culture.83.When do adolescents start to spend less time with adults?84.How do adolescent peer groups differ from childhood peer groups?第II卷(共45分)I. T ranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.她五年前开始拉小提琴。
2012年上海市高考英语试卷I、Directions:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1.(1分)A.At a library.B.At a hotel.C.At a bank.D.At an airport.2.(1分)A.Relaxed.B.Annoyed.C.Worried.D.Satisfied.3.(1分)A.Doctor and patient.B.Shop owner and customer.C.Secretary and boss.D.Receptionist and guest.4.(1分)A.He would have thrown $300around.B.300is not enough for the concert.C.Sandy shouldn't have given that much.D.Dave must be mad with the money.5.(1分)A.She lives close to the man.B.She changes her mind at last.C.She will turn to her manager.D.She declines the man's offer.6.(1分)A.2B.3C.4D.5.7.(1分)A.Both of them drink too much coffee.B.The woman doesn't Like coffee at all.C.They help each other stop drinking coffee.D.The man is uninterested in the woman's story.8.(1分)A.He doesn't.mind helping the woman.B.He hesitates whether to help or not.C.He'll help if the woman doesn't mindD.He can't help move the cupboard.9.(1分)A.He's planning to find a new job.B.He prefers to keep his house in a mess.C.He's too busy to clean his houseD.He has already cleaned his new house.10.(1分)A.She doesn't agree with the man.B.She is good at fmding a place to stay.C.She could hardly find the truth.D.She had no travel expei/ence in Britain.II、Directions:In Section B,you will hear two short passages,and youwill be asked three questions on each of the passages.The passages will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the besta nswer to the question you have heard.11.(6分)Questions 11through 13are based on the following passage11.A.Use the company's equipment.B.Give orders to robotsC.Make decisions for the company.D.Act as Big Brother.12.A.Employees gain full freedom.B.Employees suspect one another.C.Employees'children are happy.D.Employees enjoy working there.13.A.Reward.B.Safety.C.Trust.D.Honesty.14.(6分)Questions 14through 16are based on the following passage14.A.Canada had a smaller population.B.Land was cheaper in Canada.C.They wanted to continue the Revolution.D.They were against Britain.15.A.They standardized Canadian English.B.They settled there after the Revolution.C.They enjoy a very high social position.D.They make up a small part of the population16.A.It is considered unique to some extent.B.It is greatly influenced by French.C.It is mainly linked to British culture.D.It dates back to the late 17th century.Directions:In Section C,you will hear two longer conversations.The conversationswill be read twice.After you hear each conversation,you are required to fillin the numbered blanks with the information you have heard.Write your answers on your answer sheet.17.(4分)Blanks 17through 20are based on the following conversation.Complete the form.Write ONE WORD for each answer.Class Registration FormName:Andrew SmithDepartment:The (17)DepartmentStudent ID:(18)Class:The (19)classTime:(20),2:00﹣4:00 p.m.21.(4分)Blanks 21through 24are based on the following conversation.Complete the form.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.What was special about the Experimentgroup?The members were from diffrent cities with different(21)and cultures.What did the girl learn from theExperiment?Different people can be(22)How did the host family treat the girl?They treated her as(23)Why did the girl say language is not alwaysimportant?Sometimes(24)can say more than words.II、Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions:Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25.(1分)passion,people won't have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking.()A.For.B.Without C.Beneath D.By26.(1分)Is honesty the best policy?Wethat it is when we are little.()A.will teach B.teachC.are taught D.will be taught27.(1分)As Jack left his membership card at home,he wasn't allowedinto the sports club.()A.going B.to go C.go D.gone28.(1分)The new law states that people _ drive after drinking alcohol.()A.wouldn't B.needn't C.won't D.mustn't29.(1分)Only with the greatest of luck to escape from the rising flood waters.()A.managed she B.she managedC.did she manage D.she did manage30.(1分)﹣I hear that Jason is planning to buy a car.﹣I know.By next month,heenough for a used one.()A.will have saved B.will be savingC.has saved D.saves31.(1分)When he took his gloves off,I noticed thatone had his name written inside.()A.each B.every C.other D.another32.(1分)I have a tight budget for the trip,so I'm not going to fly the airlines lower ticket prices.()A.once B.if C.after D.unless33.(1分)When Peter speaks in public,he always has troublethe right things to say.()A.thinking of B.to think of C.thought of D.think of.34.(1分)There is much truth in the ideakindness is usually served by frankness.()A.why B.which C.that D.whether35.(1分)Have you sent thank﹣you notes to the relatives from you received gifts?()A.which B.them C.that D.whom36.(1分)The club,25years ago,is holding a party for past and present members.()A.founded B.foundingC.being founded D.to be founded37.(1分)﹣Was it by cutting down staff she saved the firm?﹣No,it was by improving work efficiency.()A.when B.what C.how D.that38.(1分)﹣We've only got this small bookcase.Will that do?﹣No._____ I was looking for was something much bigger and stronger.()A.What B.Where C.That D.Which39.(1分)"Genius"is a complicated concept,many different factors.()A.involved B.involvingC.toinvolve D.beinginvolved40.(1分)The map is one of the best tools a man has he goes to a new place.()A.whenever B.whatever C.wherever D.howeverDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. 41.(9分)A.maintained B.serious C.indications D.figures E.anxiousF.concern G crisis H.decided I.available J.reversedFilmgoers should be told how many calories there are in the popcorn,ice cream and soft drinks that they buy in cinemas,according to the Food Standard Agency.Smaller popcorn buckets and drink cups should also be made(41),the nutrition inspector said.Tim Smith,chief executive of the agency,told The 77mes that cinemas should help to deal with the country's overweight (42)."There is a misbelief that popcorn is calorie﹣free,but that is not the case.It is a (43)to us,"he said."Portion sizes are also a big issue,and there seems to be increasingly big packs onsale."He spoke as a number of food chains such as Pret A Manger,Wimpey and The Real Greek (44)to put calorie counts on all their menus.A trial scheme(试行方案)with 21food companies took place last summer,and (45)are that consumers altered their buying habits when they realised the number of calories in a product.A consultation(征询意见)on the trial ends next month but Mr Smith is already planning the second drive for American﹣style calorie counts and is (46)to win support from cinemas and other entertainment places,from football grounds to concert halls.Government (47)suggest that two thirds of adults and a third of children are overweight.If trends are not (48),this could rise to almost nine in ten adults and two thirds of children by 2050,putting them at (49)risk of heart disease,cancer and other diseases.Reading Comprehension Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.50.(15分)People on a college campus were more likely to give money to the March of Dimes if theywere asked for a donation by a disabled woman in a wheelchair than if asked by a nondisabled woman.In another (50),subway riders in New York saw a man carrying a stick stumble(绊脚)and fall to the floor.Sometimes the victim had a large red birthmark on his(51);sometimes he did not.In this situation,thevictim was more likely t0 (52)aid if his face was spotless than if he had an unattractive birthmark.In (53)these and other research findings,two themes are (54):we are more willing to help people we like for some reason and people we think (55)assistance.In some situations,those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid.(56),in a field study researchers placed a completed application to graduate school in a telephone box at the airport.The application was ready to be (57),but had apparently been"lost".The photo attached to the application was sometimes that of a very (58)person and sometimes that of a less attractive person.The measure of helping was whether the individual who found the envelope actually mailed it or not.Results showed that people were more likely to (59)the application if the person in the photo was physically attractive.The degree of (60)between the potential helper and the person in need is also important.For example,people are more likely to help a stranger who is from the same country rather than a foreigner.In one study,shoppers on a busy street in Scotland were more likely to help a person wearing a(n)(61)T﹣shirt than a person wearing a T﹣shirt printed with offensive words.Whether a person receives help depends in part on the"worth"of the case.For example,shoppers in a supermarket were more likely to give someone.(62)_ to buy milk rather than to buy cookies,probably because milk is thought more essential for (63)than cookies.Passengers on a New York subway were more likely to help a man who fell to the ground if he appeared to be (64)rather than drunk.50.A.study B.way C.word D.college 51.A.hand B.arm C.face D.back 52.A.refuse B.beg C.lose D.receive 53.A.challenging B.recording C.understanding D.publishing54.A.important B.possible C.amusing D.missing 55.A.seek B.deserve C.obtain D.accept 56.A.At first B.Above all C.In addition D.For example 57.A.printed B.mailed C.rewritten D.signed 58.A.talented B.good﹣look C.helpful D.hard﹣working 59.A.send in B.throw away C.fill out D.turn down 60.A.similarity B.friendship C.cooperation D.contact 61.A.expensive B.plain C.cheap D.strange 62.A.time B.instructions C.money D.chances 63.A.shoppers B.research C.children D.health 64.A.talkative B.handsome C.calm D.sickDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.65.(8分)Phil White has just returned from an 18,OOO﹣mile,around﹣the﹣world bicycle trip.White had two reasons for making this epic journey.First of all,he wanted to use the trip to raise money for charity,which he did.He raised~70,000for the British charity,Oxfam.White's second reason for making the trip was to break the world record and become the fastest person to cycle around the world.He is still waiting to find out if he has broken the record or not.White set off from Trafalgar Square,in London,on 19th June 2004and was back 299days later.He spent more than l,300hours in the saddle(车座)and destroyed four sets of tyres and three bike chains.He had the adventure of his life crossing Europe,the Middle East,India,Asia,Australia,New Zealand and the Americas.Amazingly,he did all of this with absolutely no support team.No jeep carrying food,water and medicine.No doctor.Nothing!Just a bike and a very,verylong road.The journey was lonely and desperate at times.He also had to fight his way across deserts,through jungles and over mountains.He cycled through heavy rains and temperatures of up t0 45degrees,all to help people in need.There were other dangers along the road.In Iran,he was chased by armed robbers and was lucky to escape with his life and the little money he had.The worst thing that happened to him was having to cycle into a headwind on a road that crosses the south of Australia.For l,000kilometres he battled against the wind that was constantly pushing him.This part of the trip was slow,hard work and depressing,but he made it in the end.Now Mr.White is back and intends to write a book about his adventures.65.When Phil White returned from his trip,he.A.broke the world recordB.collected money for OxfamC.destroyed several bikesD.travelled about l,300hours66.What does the word"epic"in Paragraph l most probably mean?A.Very slow but exciting.B.Very long and difficult.C.Very smooth but tiring.D.Very lonely and depressing.67.During his journey around the world,Phil White_.A.fought heroically against robbers in IranB.experienced the extremes of heat and coldC.managed to ride against the wind in AustraliaD.had a team of people who travelled with him68.Which of the following words can best describe Phil White?A.Imaginative.B.Patriotic.C.Modest.D.Determined.69.(6分)The value﹣packed,all﹣inclusivesight﹣seeing package thatcombines the best of Sydney'sharbour,city,bay and beachhighlights.A SydneyPass gives you unlimited and flexible travel on the Explorer Buses:the'red'Sydney Explorer shows you around our exciting city sights wlrile the'blue'Bondi Explorer visits Sydney Harbour bays and famous beaches.Take to the water on one of three magnificent daily harbour cru/ses(游船).You can also travel free on regular Sydney Buses,Sydney Ferries or CityRail services (limited area),so you can go to every corner of this beautiful city.Imagine browsing at Darling Harbour,sampling the famous seafood at Watsons Bay or enjoying the city lights on an evening ferry cruise.The possibilities and plans are endless with a SydneyPass.Wherever you decide to go,remember that bookings are not required on any of our services so tickets are treated on a first in,first seated basis.SydneyPasses are avai﹣lable for 3,5 0r 7days for use over a 7calendar day period.With a 3or 5day pass you choose on which days out of the 7you want to use it.All SydneyPasses include a free Airport Express inward trip before starting your 3,5 0r 7days,and Lhe return trip is valid (育效的)for 2months from the first day your ticket was used.SydneyPass FaresAdult Child Family3 day ticket 90 dollars45dollars225dollars5day ticket120dollars60dollars300dollars7 day ticket140dollars70dollars350dollars*A child is defined as anyone from the ages of 4years to under~6ye rs.Children under 4years travel free.**A family is defined as 2adults and any number of children from 4to under 16years of age from the same family.69.A SydneyPass doesn7t offer unlimited rides onA.the Explorer BusesB.the harbour cruisesC.regular Sydney BusesD.CityRail services70.With a SydneyPass,a traveller can.A.save fares from and to the airportB.take the Sydney Explorer to beachesC.enjoy the famous seafood for freeD.reserve seats easily in a restaurant71.If 5﹣day tickets were to be recommended to a mother who travelled with her colleague andher children,aged 3,6and 10,what would the lowest cost be?A.225.B.300.C.360.D.420.72.(8分)Researchers in the psychology department at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA)have discovered a major difference in the way men and womenrespond to stress.This difference may explain why men are more likely to suffer from stress﹣related disorders.Until now,psychological research has maintained that both men and women have the same"fight﹣or﹣flight"reaction to stress.In other words,individuals eicher react with aggressive behavior,such as verbal or physical conflict ("fight"),or they react by withdrawing from the stressful situation ("flight").However,the UCLA research team found that men and women have quite different biological and behavioral responses to stress.While men often react to stress in the fight﹣or﹣flight response,women often have another kind of reaction which could be called"tend and befriend."That is,they often react to stressful conditions by protecting and nurturing their young ("tend"),and by looking for social contact and support from others﹣especially other females《'befriend").Scientists have long known that in the fight﹣or﹣flight reaction to stress,an important role is played by certain hormones(澈素)released by the body.The UCLA research team suggests that the female tend﹣or﹣befriend response is also based on a hormone.This hormone,called oxytocin,has been studied in the context of cFuldbirt.h,but now it is being studied for its role in the response of both men and women to stress.The principal investigator,Dr.Shelley E.Taylor,explained that"animals and people with high levels of oxytocin are calmer,more relaxed,more social,and less anxious."While men also secrete(分泌)oxytocin,its effects are reduced by male hormones.In terms of everyday behavior,the UCLA study found that women are far.more likely than men to seek social contact when they are feeling stressed.They may phone relatives or friends,or ask directions if they are lost.The study also showed how fathers and mothers responded differently when they came home to their family after a stressful day at work.The typical father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace and quiet.For a typical mother,coping with a bad day at work meant focusing her attention on her children and their needs.The differences in responding to stress may explain the fact that women have lowerfrequency of stress﹣related disorders such as high blood pressure or aggressive behavior.The tend﹣and﹣befriend regulatory(调节的)system may protect women against stress,and this may explain why women on average live longer than men.72.The UCLA study shows that in response to stress,men are more likely than women to.A.turn to friends for helpB.solve a conflict calmlyC.find an escape from realityD.seek comfort from children73.Which of the following is true about oxytocin according to the passage?A.Men have the same level of oxytocin as women do.B.Oxytocin used to be studied in both men and women.C.Both animals and people have high levels of oxytocin.D.Oxytocin has more of an effect on women than on men.74.What can be learned from the passage?A.Male hormones help build up the body's resistance to stress.B.In a family a mother cares more about children than a father does.C.Biological differences lead to different behavioral responses to stress.D.The UCLA study was designed to confirm previous research findings.75.Which of the following might be the best ti.tle of the passage?A.How men and women get over stressB.How men and women suffer from stressC.How researchers overcome stress problemsD.How researchers handle stress﹣related disorders.Directions:Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph.There is one extra heading which you do not need.76.(10分)A.When a child should learn to readB.Why it is fun to teach a child readingC.What if a child has reading problemsD.How you prepare a young child for readingE.What is the best way to teach a child readingF.Whether reading early promises later achievements76.Learning to read early has become one of those indicators﹣in parents'minds at least﹣that their child is smart.In fact,reading early has very little to do with whether a child is successful academically.Research has shown that difficulty with reading is often due not to inferior intelligence but to differences in the developmental wiring of each individual child.In some cases,there are neurological problems and developmental lags that can be overcome with proper training.77.Traditionally,American schools teach children at age six,but many schools begin teaching informally in kindergarten and pre﹣kindergarten.If parents start too early to encourage reading,and a child does not immediately succeed,the parent has a hard time relaxing and letting the child go at his or her own pace.78.Over the years,research has proved that the use of both the"whole language"method and the"phonic"method works best for a child to master reading.While the whole language approach,which includes reading to children and getting them interested in both the activity of reading and the story they are reading,is helpful,phonics must be taught.Children must be taught that one of the squiggles they see is a"p"and another a"b".Getting the print off the page requires a different ability than being able to understand the meaning of what is written.79.You can start developing the skills needed in reading at a very young age without putting any pressure on children.Besides reading to them,parents can start"eartraining"their child by playing rhyme games.This develops the child's ability to recognize different sounds.In reading to children,parents also can point to words as they go,teaching the child that the funny lines on the page are the words you are saying.All this should be a fun activity.80.Once a child is in school,the learning of reading is inevitably more serious.For children who have some kind of reading difficulty,you must get a professional diagnosis.While the teacher might say the child is merely disinterested but will get over it,disinterest or poor performance in reading can stem from a number of things,some being very specific learning disabilities that can be identified and worked on.But it is very tricky for parents to deal with their own child's learning disabilities..Directions:Read the passage carefully.Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.81.(8分)While contact between adolescents (between the ages of fifteen and nineteen)and their peers (同龄人)is a universal characteristic of all cultures,the nature and the degree of such contact vary a great deal.In American contemporary society,adolescents spend much more time with their peers than with younger children or adults.This pattern of age segregation(隔离)in American society did not become usual until the beginning of the industrialized society.Changes in the workplace separated children from adults,with adults working and children attending school.The dramatic increase of mothers in the workplace has further contributed to the reduction in the amount of time adolescents spend with adults.School reform efforts during the nineteenth century,which resulted in age﹣segregated schools and grades,have reduced the amount of time adolescents spend with younger children.Finally,the changes in population are considered a factor that may have contributed to the emergence of adolescent peer culture.From 1955 to 1975,theadolescent population increased dramatically,from 11 percent to 20.9 percent.This increase in the number of adolescents might be a contributing factor to the increase in adolescent peer culture in terms of growth in size.Research supports the view that adolescents spend a great deal of time with their peers.Reed Larson and his colleagues examined adolescents'daily activities and found that they spend more time talking to their friends than engaging in any other activity.In a typical week,high school students will spend twice as much time with their peers as with adults.This gradual withdrawal from adults begins in early adolescence.In sixth grade,adults (excluding parents)account for only 25 percent of adolescent social networks.Another important characteristic of adolescent peer culture is its increasingly autonomous (自治的)function.While childhood peer groups are conducted under the close supervision of parents,adolescent peer groups typically make an effort to escape adult supervision and usually succeed in doing so.(Note:Answer t.he quesnons or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)81."This pattern of age segregation"refers to the phenomenon that adolescents segregate themselves from82.Besides changes in the workplace,are the other two factors contributing to adolescent peer culture.83.When do adolescents start to spend less time with adults?84.How do adolescent peer groups differ from childhood peer groups?.Translation Directions:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.85.(4分)她五年前开始拉小提琴.(play).86.(4分)由于天气恶劣,航班延误了好几个小时.(owing).87.(4分)每位设计师都希望自己的作品能经受时间的考验.(stand).88.(4分)能否抵御网络游戏的诱惑是摆在中学生面前的一道难题.(It).89.(4分)在展览会上,公司销售经理展示了孩子们翘首以盼的新型电子玩具.(demonstrate).Guided Writing90.(20分)Directions:Write an English composition in 120﹣150words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.上周一,你在一所小学观摩了小女孩Amy所在班级的两堂绘画课(如图所示),回家后你用英语写了一篇日记,内容包括:●对两堂绘画课的具体描述;●你从中获得的启发..2012年上海市高考英语试卷参考答案与试题解析I、Directions:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1.(1分)(2012•上海)A.At a library.B.At a hotel.C.At a bank.D.At an airport.【分析】略【解答】1.B2.(1分)(2012•上海)A.Relaxed.B.Annoyed.C.Worried.D.Satisfied.【分析】略【解答】2.C3.(1分)(2012•上海)A.Doctor and patient.B.Shop owner and customer.C.Secretary and boss.D.Receptionist and guest.【分析】略【解答】3.B4.(1分)(2012•上海)A.He would have thrown $300around.B.300is not enough for the concert.C.Sandy shouldn't have given that much.D.Dave must be mad with the money.【分析】略【解答】4.C5.(1分)(2012•上海)A.She lives close to the man.B.She changes her mind at last.C.She will turn to her manager.D.She declines the man's offer.【分析】略【解答】5.D6.(1分)(2012•上海)A.2B.3C.4D.5.【分析】略【解答】6.B7.(1分)(2012•上海)A.Both of them drink too much coffee.B.The woman doesn't Like coffee at all.C.They help each other stop drinking coffee.D.The man is uninterested in the woman's story.【分析】略【解答】7.A8.(1分)(2012•上海)A.He doesn't.mind helping the woman.B.He hesitates whether to help or not.C.He'll help if the woman doesn't mindD.He can't help move the cupboard.【分析】略【解答】8.D9.(1分)(2012•上海)A.He's planning to find a new job.B.He prefers to keep his house in a mess.C.He's too busy to clean his houseD.He has already cleaned his new house.【分析】略【解答】9.C10.(1分)(2012•上海)A.She doesn't agree with the man.B.She is good at fmding a place to stay.C.She could hardly find the truth.D.She had no travel expei/ence in Britain.【分析】略【解答】10.AII、Directions:In Section B,you will hear two short passages,and youwill be asked three questions on each of the passages.The passages will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the besta nswer to the question you have heard.11.(6分)(2012•上海)Questions 11through 13are based on the following passage 11.A.Use the company's equipment.。
上海2012年春季高考英语试卷第1卷(共105分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a restaurant. B. In a library. C. In a hotel. D. In a bookshop.2. A. Husband and wife. B. Customer and shop assistant.C. Boss and secretary.D. Teacher and student.3. A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Wednesday. D. On Thursday.4. A. The jacket is too big for him. B. It's been too warm to wear the jacket.C. He doesn't like cold weather.D. He bought the jacket when it was cool.5. A. He prefers to work part-time. B. He wants to change his class schedule.C. He has trouble finding a part-time job.D. He doesn't want to work on campus.6. A. They have to change their weekend plans. B. They recently visited Mount Forest.C. They will join the outdoor club next year.D. They are going camping this weekend.7. A. She likes playing tennis. B. She is looking forward to the game.C. The forecast is accurate.D. The game depends on the weather.8. A. He's not feeling well. B. He spends a lot of time in the lab.C. His absence is surprising.D. He hasn't checked the lab.9. A. He'll look for it. B. He'll get someone to have a look.C. He'll park it somewhere.D. He'll ask someone to park it.10. A. They were warmly welcomed there. B. They had something unpleasant on the way.C. They didn't enjoy their stay there.D. They had a good time before arrival.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. A good income. B. Eighteen days' holiday.C. Five working hours daily.D. Regular promotions.12. A. Whether the train is on time. B. Who drives the Tube train.C. How the timetable is arranged.D. What service is offered.13. A. Both boys and girls hope to drive trains. B. Women can break bad news sympathetically.C. Traditional career patterns often change.D. London Tube is hiring more women drivers.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Right after higher education. B. Just before entering career life.C. Right after secondary school.D. Just before military service.15. A. Attend commercial courses. B. Train as a salesperson.C. Help enroll bright students.D. Work on a new project.16. A. Enriching their work and life experiences. B. Increasing their physical strength.C. Expanding their knowledge in marketing.D. Helping them gain high scores in exams.Directions:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.School Life SurveyName: 17 SmithClass: 18Favourite subjects: Computer 19 and P.E.Three favourite places: Computer room, school garden and 20Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation,Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.What was Bob's request? To increase 21What were raises in the company based on? They were based on 22When could Bob earn a raise according to the boss? When he made the office run 23What did the boss finally say to Bob? Bob would have to 24 for himself.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. A huge amount of money has been spent _ _ the new bridge.A. inB. onC. withD. for26. They don't come to the book club any more, for _ reasons or other.A. someB. allC. eitherD. both27. You _____ bring your identification when you open a bank account.A. mayB. canC. mustD. will28. After the accident, we are _____ concerned with the safety of school buses than we used to be.A. littleB. lessC. muchD. more29. Before I began this job, I _____ a baby sitter for two years.A. have beenB. wasC. would beD. had been30. The diamond mine _______ accidentally by a little boy when he was playing hide-and-seek.A. discoveredB. was discoveredC. has been discoveredD. would discover31. Tom looked upon the test as an obstacle _____ his classmates regarded it as a challenge.A. whileB. becauseC. unlessD. if32. People have learnt the importance of keeping a balanced diet _____ their nutritional needs.A. satisfyB. satisfiedC. to satisfyD. having satisfied33. Once _ _, Joe devoted her life to looking after children and being a full-time homemaker.A. having marriedB. being marriedC. marryingD. married34. _____ you take a photo, you should always check the position of the sun.A. BeforeB. AfterC. BecauseD. Though35. Despite the fact _____ they lacked food, the explorers continued towards the goal.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whether36. Sailing across the ocean alone was an achievement took courage.A. whatB. whoC. whichD. where37. a wet football can hurt your foot if you are not careful.38. It was not until 1920 American women had the chance to vote in national elections.A. whenB. thatC. whereD. which39. Portable videophones will show us _____ is happening at the other end of the line.A. whichB. whatC. howD. why40. Big companies usually have a lot of branch offices _____ in different parts of the world.A. to have operatedB. be operatedC. operatingD. having operatedSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. accountedB. averageC. continuousD. rankE. linkF. comparison G additional H. associated I. risk J. confirmedTelevision watching is an activity which is known to be harmful to health and is distinct from getting too little exercise. But a new study suggests its damaging effects may even 41 alongside those from smoking and obesity. Researchers who studied television viewing habits in Australia calculated that people who watch for a(n) 42 of six hours a day shorten their life expectancy by almost five years.They based their calculations on data on the 43 between television viewing and death from the Australian obesity and lifestyle study which involved l 1,000 adults aged 25 and over. Applying these findings to the whole population over 25, who are estimated to have watched 9.8 billion hours of TV in 2008, they concluded that it 44 for 286,000 years of life lost --- equivalent to 22 minutes for each hour watched. By 45 , smoking one cigarette is estimated to shorten life expectancy by 11 minutes --- equivalent to half an hour of TV watching.Writing in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, the authors from the University of Queensland, say the figures suggest "huge loss of life may be 46 with too much TV viewing." The UK and other industrialized countries are likely to be similarly affected "given the typically large amounts of time spent watching TV and the similarities in disease patterns." The researchers add: "If these figures are 47 and shown to reflect a cause and effect relationship, TV viewing is a public health problem comparable in size to established behavioral risk factors."Researchers from Taiwan University found even those who did as little as 92 minutes' exercise a week--- equivalent to 15 minutes a day for six days a week --- reduced their 48 of death by 14 per cent. Even this small amount of exercise could postpone one in six of all deaths --- similar to the effects of a stop-smoking programme. Each 49 15 minutes a day reduced the death rate by a further 4 per cent.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.A screen door allows for an open view while at the same time affording a degree of privacy. 50 , communication between parents and their child away at college should have openness in expressing viewpoints but, at the same time, it should demonstrate a respect for privacy. Staying in touch with each other is important because without 51 , there is no connection and worry can take over. All involved should try to be 52 in listening to, understanding and dealing with special concerns or needs that arise whether they be from the student, parents or friends.For the happy student adjusting well at school, calls to home can be infrequent. This is not necessarily a cause for parents to 53 . While parents are naturally 54 about what their child is up to, the majority of students are busy getting accustomed to their new home, making new friends and 55 to new schedules and activities. The fact is that without any ill intention on purpose, they can spend little time thinking about home and they may not appreciate the degree of their parents' 56 curiosity.circumstance can bring a 58 period for both parent and child. For the parents at home, it can be terribly 59 to sense their child is unhappy. It is difficult to judge how we should react to this challenge: as 60 , we want to bring our children home to the safety of our nest; in our parent-teacher role, we want to 61 the ties and allow our child the opportunity to make it on his/her own.For the student away at school, unhappiness can be lonely and frightening and in some cases, it can lead to depression and illness. There is a sense of 62 for some homesick students who fear that Mom and Dad will 63 their inability to cope with the new environment. This is especially true when the homesick one sees classmates adjusting somewhat effortlessly. No matter what the circumstances are that have created 64 , communication between parent and child must remain open, honest and in balance.50. A. Relatively B. Contrarily C. Typically D. Similarly51. A. sacrifice B. privacy C. appreciation D. communication52. A. sensitive B. confident C. casual D. modest53. A. worry B. regret C. cheer D. wonder54. A. uninformed B. curious C. happy D. sensible55. A. adding B. referring C. adjusting D. leading56. A. strange B. increasing C. awakened D. normal57. A. formally B. frequently C. sincerely D. patiently58. A. disappointing B. recovering C. challenging D. training59. A. damaging B. disturbing C. demanding D. exhausting60. A. protectors B. reminders C. inspectors D. individuals61. A. maintain B. establish C. restore D. cut62. A. relief B. responsibility C. achievement D. embarrassment63. A. get bored with B. get upset with C. be ignorant of D. be honest with64. A. opportunity B. uncertainty C. unhappiness D. nervousnessSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)For six hours we shot through the landscape of the Karoo desert in South Africa. Just rocks and sand and baking sun. Knowing our journey was ending, Daniel and I just wanted to remember all we had seen and done. He used a camera. I used words. I had already finished three notebooks and was into the fourth, a beautiful leather notebook I'd bought in a market in Mozambique.Southern Africa was full of stories and visions. We were almost drunk on sensations. The roaring of the water at Victoria Falls, the impossible silence of the Okavango Delta in Botswana. And then the other things: dogs in the streets, whole families in Soweto living in one room, a kilometre from clean water.As we drove towards the setting sun, a quietness fell over us. The road was empty -- we hadn't seen another car for hours. And as I drove, something caught my eye, something moving next to me. I glanced in the mirror of the car; I glanced sideways to the right, and that was when I saw them. Next to us, by the side of the road, thirty, forty wild horses were racing the car, a cloud of dust rising behind them -- brown, muscular horses almost close enough to touch them, to smell their hot breath. I didn't know how long they had been there next to us.I shouted to Dan: "Look!", but he was in a deep sleep, his camera lying useless by his feet. They raced the car for a few seconds, then disappeared far behind us, a memory of heroic forms in the red landscape. When Daniel woke up an hour later I told him what had happened."Wild horses?" he said. "Why didn't you wake me up?""I tried. But they were gone after a few seconds.""Are you sure you didn't dream it?""You were the one who was sleeping!"We checked into a dusty hotel and slept the sleep of the dead.65. During their journey in Africa, the two travelers .A. made friends with local residentsB. complained about the poor living conditionsC. enjoyed the sunset in the Karoo desert mostD. recorded their experiences in different ways66. What does the phrase "heroic forms" in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. Racing cars.B. Wild horses.C. Eye-catching locals.D. Running dogs.67. What did Daniel think when he woke up and was told what had happened?A. He always missed out on the best thing.B. He had already taken beautiful pictures.C. A sound sleep was more important.D. The next trip would be better.68. What is the passage mainly about?A. How to view wildlife in Africa.B. Running into wildlife in Africa.C. Tourist attractions in southern Africa.D. Possible dangers of travelling in the desert.(B)The Age of UnreasonCharles Handy In his book The Age of Unreason Professor Handy describes the dramatic changes that are taking place in our lives today and warns that we must adapt to these changes if we want to survive in the future. Handy believes that in the future less than 50% of the workforce will be employed full-time by an organization. These full-time employees will be the qualified professionals, technicians, and managers who are essential to an organization. Their working lives will be a lot more demanding than today, but in return they will be well-paid and they will retire earlier. The rest of the workforce will be self-employed or will work part-time, providing organizations with the products and services they require on a contract basis. Handy forecasts a big increase in the number of working mothers in future and believes there will be a large number of unemployed.Handy gives us plenty of figures to worry about. He estimates that by the year 2040, one person in five will retire, and one in ten will be over seventy-five years old. There will be one retiree to every three people of working age, and even more than that in countries such as Germany and Switzerland, where the proportion will be as much as one to two. Retirees will remain healthy and active for longer than they do today and many will live to be a hundred years old, a fact which leads Handy to suggest that the term retirement will no longer be appropriate. He suggests the third age is a more appropriate description, since it will be as important a part of our lives as the first age of learning and the second age of working are for us today.69. Professor Handy wrote the book most probably to .A. warn us of potential social problems in the futureB. predict the leading professions in the coming yearsC. describe the effect of unemployment on societyD. suggest a better term for future retirement70. According to Professor Handy, the future workforce will .A. adapt to the changes in retirement easilyB. be mainly self-employedC. have fewer full-time workers than todayD. work on a contract basis71. From the last paragraph, we learn that about 30 years from now, .A. the number of retirees will double in many countriesB. ageing will be a common and serious problemC. 10% of the population will live to be 100 years oldD. the third age will be the most important part of our lives(C)Frederic Mishkin, who's been a professor at Columbia Business School for almost 30 years, is good at solving problems and expressing ideas. Whether he's standing in front of a lecture hall or engaged in a casual conversation, his hands are always waving and pointing. When he was in graduate school, one of his professorsthe professor's office.It turns out, however, that Mishkin's professor had it exactly wrong. Gesture doesn't prevent but promotes clear thought and speech. Research demonstrates that the movements we make with our hands when we talk form a kind of second language, adding information that's absent from our words. It's learning's secret code: Gesture reveals what we know. It reveals what we don't know. What's more, the agreement (or lack of agreement) between what our voices say and how our hands move offers a clue to our readiness to learn.Many of the studies establishing the importance of gesture to learning have been conducted by Susan Goldin-Meadow, a professor of psychology at the University of Chicago. "We change our minds by moving our hands," writes Goldin-Meadow in a review of this work. Particularly significant are what she calls "mismatches" between oral expression and physical gestures. A student might say that a heavier ball falls faster than a light one, for example, but make a gesture indicating that they fall at the same rate, which is correct. Such differences indicate that we're moving from one level of understanding to another. The thoughts expressed by hand motions are often our newest and most advanced ideas about the problem we're working on; we can't yet absorb these concepts into language, but we can capture them in movement.Goldin-Meadow's more recent work stresses not only that gesture shows our readiness to learn, but that it actually helps to bring learning about. It does so in two ways. First, it elicits (引出) helpful behavior from others around us. Goldin-Meadow has found that adults respond to children's speech-gesture mismatches by adjusting their way of instruction. Parents and teachers apparently receive the signal that children are ready to learn, and they act on it by offering a greater variety of problem-solving techniques. The act of gesturing itself also seems to quicken learning, bringing new knowledge into consciousness and aiding the understanding of new concepts. A 2007 study by Susan Wagner Cook, an assistant professor of psychology at the University of Iowa, reported that third-graders who were asked to gesture while learning algebra(代数) were nearly three times more likely to remember what they'd learned than classmates who did not gesture.72. According to Paragraph 1, Frederic Mishkin was asked to sit on his hands because _ _.A. he could little express his ideas that wayB. he always pointed his finger at his professorC. his professor did not like his gesturingD. his gestures prevented his professor from thinking73. How is gesturing important in acquiring knowledge?A. It draws tasteful responses from others and increases learning speed.B. It promotes second language learning and quickens thinking.C. It provides significant clues for solving academic problems.D. It reduces students' reliance on teachers' instruction.74. What can be inferred from the passage about gesture-speech mismatches?A. They can stimulate our creativity.B. Instructors should make full use of them.C. Teachers can hardly explain new concepts without them.D. They serve as a stepping stone to solving real life problems.75. What could be the best title of the passage?A. Hand Motions, a Second LanguageB. Gesturing: Signal of UnderstandingC. New Uses of GesturingD. The Secret Code of LearningSection CDirections:Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.A. Kids' watching e-books is far from reading.B. Reading bedtime stories is a rarely changed routine.C. What really counts is the words that appear.D. E-books are cool in a technological sense.F. E-books for children are not that well-received.76.In my house, bedtime stories are holy. Rarely does something change the nightly routine, although feverish kids have been known to be tucked in, without story. But last week, my 4-year-old awoke at 1 a.m. with this complaint: "You forgot to read me my bedtime story." She was right. So I pulled a book from her shelf' and cuddled her close as she turned the pages. Reading forges connections between parents and children (even in the middle of the night, it's also good for little brains.)77.But does the form in which the words appear matter? The New York Times reports that parents---even those who are avid digital downloader’s---are avoiding kids' e-books for the real things. It seems that the feel and texture of paper pages along with colorful illustrations beats the static dimensions of a screen.78.The article ran in the paper's Monday business section, but it may be more of a cultural tale. More than 25% of some adult literature is sold digitally, but e-books targeted at kids under 8 take up less than 5% of total children's book sales. "Refuting a childhood classic on an e-reader is such a cold thing to do," says Carol Moyer, head of the children's department at Quail Ridge Books. "E-books don't have the warmth and intimacy of the illustration on the page."79.Technology fans believe e-books can compete. On CNET, Rick Broida sings the praises of the iPad, which "can do a lot more than just display static pages. It can read stories aloud; it can enrich a classic tale with 'touch-powered extras; and it can even render pages in 3D." he describes Alice in Wonderland---"Alice for the iPad"---as a classic tale that involves animation like no other e-book to date. Readers can tilt the iPad to make Alice grow, shrink and so on.80.Sounds cool, but it seems more like a movie than a book. Watching digital dramatizations of stories isn't reading. When my kindergartener spent tech-lab time following instructions to surf an e-books site, her teacher recognized that she wasn't reading; she was learning to use a computer.Section D'Directions:Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.An African-born British scientist received an environment research prize at the Convention on Migratory Species (CMS) meeting for showing how bees can be used to reduce conflict between people and elephants. Lucy Ki ng's work proved that beehive “fences" (蜂箱"栅栏")can keep elephants out of African farmers' fields. The animals are scared of bees, which can bite them inside their long noses, and flee when they hear buzzing (蜂鸣声). Dr King's work offers an intelligent solution to an age-old challenge, while providing further confirmation of the importance of bees to people and a really clever way of preserving the world's largest land animal for current and future generations. Working in Kenya, Dr King and her team showed that more than 90% of elephants will flee when they hear the sounds of buzzing bees. Afterwards, they also found that elephants produce a special sound to warn their fellows of the danger. They used the findings to construct barriers where beehives are woven into a fence, keeping the elephants away from places where people live and grow food.A two-year project involving 34 farms showed that elephants trying to go through the fences would shake them, disturbing the bees. Later, the fences were adopted by farming communities in three Kenyan districts -- who also made increased amounts of money from selling honey. "Dr Lucy King has designed a constructive solution that considers the needs of animals but also the economic benefits to the local communities linked to species preservation," said CMS executive secretary Elizabeth Maruma Mrema.As Africa's population grows, competition for space between people and elephants is becoming more serious, and there are fatalities on both sides. The same is true in parts of Asia. Sri Lanka alone sees the deaths of allWorking with the charity Save the Elephants, Lucy King now wants to see whether the Kenyan technique will work in other parts of Africa --- and perhaps, eventually, in Asia. "With Asia, there are some issues we'd have to look at --- it's a totally different elephant species, the bee species are different, it rains a lot more, we have animals like bears that love honey --- but I'd be very interested in sharing my research with anyone with experience in Asia to see whether it could work there," she said.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. Lucy King's research shows that by using bees, can be reduced.82. How do most elephants in Kenya respond to the sounds of buzzing bees?83. Dr. King's work is regarded as a constructive solution, for it considers .84. What four issues should be thought about in the application of Lucy King's findings in Asia?第Ⅱ卷(共45分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.完成这项任务要花好几个月的时间。
交际英语1.-- Why not go and have dinner in a restaurant?-- _C__ It’s too expensive.∙A Why not?∙B I agree∙C I am afraid not∙D I’m sure交际英语2.-- Unbelievable! I have failed the driving test again! -- _________ This is not the end of the world.∙A Good luck∙B Cheer up∙C Go ahead∙D No problem交际英语3.-- Can you go to the concert with us this evening? -- ________∙A No, I already have plans∙B I’d love to, but I’m busy tonight∙C No, I really don’t like being with you∙D I’m ill, so I shouldn’t go out交际英语4.--Could you help me with my physics, please?--__________.∙A No, no way∙B No, I couldn’t∙C No, I can’t∙D Sorry I can’t. I have to go to a meeting right now.交际英语5.--May I see your tickets, please?--__________.∙A No, they are mine∙B No, you can’t∙C Sure∙D Yes, you can交际英语6.-- ______-- I’m from Mexico.∙A Where are you from?∙B How do you come here?∙C What’s your name?∙D How far is it?交际英语7.-- You know, I have three kids now.-- ________∙A Oh, I’ve heard a lot about you∙B That’s wonderful∙C You’ve really changed your hair style∙D Well, I gave up drinking交际英语8.--Could I speak to Don Watikins, please?--__________∙A I’m listening.∙B Oh, how are you?∙C Speaking. please.∙D I’m Don.交际英语9.--Thank you ever so much for the coat you bought me. --__________∙A No thanks.∙B I’m glad you like it.∙C Please don’t say so.∙D No, it’s not so good.交际英语10.How are you, Bob?_______________ Ted.∙A How are you?∙B I’m fine. Thank you.∙C How do you do?∙D Nice to meet you,交际英语11.Thank you for your help. _________________∙A My pleasure.∙B Never mind.∙C Quite right.∙D Don’t thank me.交际英语12.Paul, ______________ ?Oh, that’s my father! And beside him, my mother.∙A What is the person over there∙B Who’s talking over there∙C What are they doing∙D Which is that交际英语13.Why didn’t you come to my birthday party yesterday?_____________∙A Excuse me, my friend sent me a flower.∙B Fine, I never go to birthday parties.∙C Ha…ha, I don’t like birthday parties.∙D Sorry, but my wife had a car accident.交际英语14.Hi, welcome back! Had a nice trip?________________∙A Oh, fantastic! Fresh air, and sunshine every day.∙B Come on, I’ve got lots of fun.∙C By the way, I don’t like Saturdays.∙D Well, I’ll look forward to your phone call.交际英语15.--Oh, Betty, we will be having a buffet party next Saturday, and we’d like you to join us.--__________, Susan. What’s the occasion? What time do you want me to come?∙A I’d love to∙B No way∙C By no means∙D I’m afraid not阅读理解16. By definition, heroes and heroines are men and women distinguished byuncommon courage, achievements, and self-sacrifice made most for the benefits of others-they are people against whom we measure others. They are men and women recognized for shaping our nation’s consciousness and development as well as the lives of those who admire them. Yet, some people say that ours is an age where trueheroes and heroines are hard to come by, where the very idea of heroism is something beyond us-an artifact of the past. Some maintain, that because the Cold War is over and because America is at peace, our age is essentially an unheroic one. Furthermore, the overall crime rate is down, poverty has been eased by a strong and growing economy, and advances continue to be made in medical science.Cultural icons are hard to define, but we know them when we see them. They are people who manage to go beyond celebrity, who are legendary, who somehow manage to become mythic,. But what makes some figures icons and others mere celebr ities? That’s hard to answer. In part, their lives have the quality of a story to tell. For instance, the beautiful young Diana Spencer who at 19 married a prince, renounced marriage and the throne, and died at the moment she found true love. Good looks certainly help. So does a special indefinable charm, with the help of the media. But nothing confirms an icon more than a tragic death—such as Martin Luther King, Jr., John F. Kennedy, and Princess Diana.∙∙ A. life and death B. heroes and heroines C. heroes and icons D. icons and celebrities∙∙ A. courageous B. good examples to follow C. self-sacrificing D. all of the above∙∙ A. Poverty in America has been eased with the economic growth B. Superstars are famous for being famous C. One’s look can contribute to being famous D. Heroes and heroines can only emerge in war times∙∙ A. when she was 19 B. when she became a princess C. just before her death D. after she gave birth to a prince∙∙ A. Good looks. B. Tragic and early death. C. Personal attraction. D. The quality of one’s story.阅读理解17.The Chinese New Year is now known as the Spring Festival because it starts from the beginning of spring. Though there are some sayings about its origin, all agree that the word Nian, which in modern Ch inese means “year”, was originally the name of a beast that started to eat people the night before the beginning of a new year.One story goes that the beast Nian had a very big mouth that would take in a great many people at one time. People were very afraid. One day, an old man came to their help and said he would stop all this. He said to Nain, “I hear that you are very strong, but can you eat up all the beasts on earth instead of people who are too weak to be your enemies?” “Yes,” Nian agreed with him and went to kill many of the beasts on earth. People were very happy because those beasts also did bad things to people and killed their farm animals from time to time.After that, the old man, who was a god, rode on the beast Nian and left. Nian was gone, and other beasts also went into forests; people began to enjoy their happy life. Before the old man left, he had told people to put up red paper cuts on their widows and doors at each year’s end to drive Nian away, because red is the color the beast felt most afraid of.From then on, every year at the beginning of spring, people prepare to “Guo Nian”. The word “Guo Nian” means “go through the Nian safely.” Putting up red paper-cuts to drive Nian away and making dumplings for a better new year are still an every year doing by the Chinese people. However people today have long forgotten why they are doing all this, they just feel the color and the food make the New Year very enjoyable.∙∙ A. the Beginning of Spring B. the Spring Festival C. The New Spring D. The Beast Nian∙∙ A. By putting red paper-cuts on windows. B. By eating up beasts C. By talking to him D. By riding on him.∙∙ A. Because Nian liked the color red. B. Because the color red color kill Nian. C. Because the old man liked the color red. D. Because Nian was afraid of the color red.∙∙ A. The Origin of the Chinese New Year B. The Old Man and the Beast Nian C. How to Go Through the Nian Safely D. What Nian Was Like∙∙ A. Nian can eat up all the beasts on earth at one time B. Nian is a tall beast that likes to eat farm animals C. Nian is afraid of paper-cuts D. Nian doesn’t like to use his own mind.。
主备人:王雪 上课时间: 课型: 总课时: Teaching Content : Comic strip and Welcome to the unit Teaching aims: A: Knowledgeobjects: To recognize the names of different colours B. Ability?object: To recognize the colours of the rainbow and the order of the colours[ C: Moralobject: To encourage students to show love to those in need Main points and difficult points: To master the new words and phrases 自学探究 1.Do you know how many colours there are in a rainbowCan you write them down in order? 2. Try to fill in the blanks according to the dialogue Eddie wants to ________ clothes. Hobo brings him two clothes, one is ________, the other is _______. Eddie thinks he _______ ________ wear _______ than ________ because _______ is a girl’s colour. Hobo says there is _______ wrong ________ pink and helps Eddie put on a blue _______. Eddie feels shy but Hobo says blue _______ good ______ him. 3.Listen to the tape several times,read the dialogue by yourselves and try to recite it. 4. Can you understand the following sentences: 1) I’d rather wear blue than pink. 2) There’s nothing wrong with pink.? ? 3) Blue looks good on you.? 4) Do you know how many colors there are in a rainbow? 二、你能做到吗? ?Act out the dialogue on Page 24 and the dialogue on Page 25 and try to make similar ones. 三、请你关注1. would rather do sth than (do) sth2.There is nothing wrong with …=Nothing is wrong with …. 3.Blue looks good on you .=You look good in blue. Teaching procedures: Step1. Warming up Ask students what colours they like, then let them talk about their partner’s favourite colours. Step2. Presentation 1.Ask students what colour Eddie likes, then let them listen to the tape and find out the answer to this question 2. Check the answer. Students read the dialogue between Eddie and Hobo, then the teacher explain some key points: (1)one 代词,意为“一个(件,快……)”,代替可数名词的单数。
2012上海高考英语试卷考生注意:1.考试时间120分钟,试卷满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第1卷(第1-10页)和第II卷(第11页),全卷共11页。
所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上,做在试卷上一律不得分。
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第1卷(共105分)I . Listening Comprehension (30)Section A (10)Directions:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a library. B. At a hotel. C. At a bank. D. At an airport.2. A. Relaxed. B. Annoyed. C. Worried. D. Satisfied3. A. Doctor and patient. B. Shop owner and customer.C. Secretary and boss.D. Receptionist and guest.4. A. He would have thrown $300 around. B. $300 is not enough for the concert.C. Sandy shouldn't have given that much.D. Dave must be mad with the money5. A. She lives close to the man. B. She changes her mind at last.C. She will turn to her manager.D. She declines the man's offer.6.A.2 B.3. C.4.D.57. A. Both of them drink too much coffee. B. The woman doesn't Like coffee at all.C. They help each other stop drinking coffee.D. The man is uninterested in the woman's story8. A. He doesn't. mind helping the woman. B. He hesitates whether to help or not.C. He'll help if the woman doesn't mindD. He can't help move the cupboard.9. A. He's planning to find a new job. B. He prefers to keep his house in a mess.C. He's too busy to clean his houseD. He has already cleaned his new house,10. A. She doesn't agree with the man. B. She is good at f in ding a place to stay.C. She could hardly find the truth.D. She had no travel expe r ience in Britain. Section B (12)Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage11. A. Use the company's equipment. B. Give orders to robotsC. Make decisions for the company.D. Act as Big Brother.12. A. Employees gain full freedom. B. Employees suspect one another.C. Employees' children are happy.D. Employees enjoy working there.13. A. Reward. B. Safety. C. Trust. D. HonestyQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage14. A. Canada had a smaller population. B. Land was cheaper in Canada.C. They wanted to continue the Revolution.D. They were against Britain.15. A. They standardized Canadian English. B. They settled there after the Revolution.C. They enjoy a very high social position.D. They make up a small part of the population16. A. It is considered unique to some extent. B. It is greatly influenced by French.C. It is mainly linked to British culture.D. It dates back to the late 17th century. Section C (8)Directions: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for eachII. Grammar and Vocabulary (25)Section A (16)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. passion, people won't have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking.A.For .B.WithoutC.BeneathD.By26. Is honesty the best policy? We _ that it is when we are little.A. will teachB. teachC. are taughtD. will be taught27. As Jack left his membership card at home, he wasn't allowed into the sports club.A. goingB. to goC. goD. gone28. The new law states that people ________ drive after drinking alcohol.A. wouldn'tB. needn'tC. won'tD. mustn't29. Only with the greatest of luck__to escape from the rising flood waters.A. managed sheB. she managedC. did she manageD. she did manage30. - I hear that Jason is planning to buy a car.-I know. By next month, he enough for a used one.A. will have savedB. will be savingC. has savedD. saves31. When he took his gloves off, I noticed that one had his name written inside.A. eachB. everyC. otherD. another32. I have a tight budget for the trip, so I'm not going to fly the airlines lower ticket prices.A. onceB.ifC. afterD. unless33. When Peter speaks in public, he always has trouble _ the right things to say.A. thinking ofB. to think ofC. thought ofD. think of .34. There is much truth in the idea kindness is usually served by frankness.A. whyB. whichC. thatD. whether35. Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from you received gifts?A. whichB. themC.thatD. whom36. The club, _ _ 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members.A. foundedB. foundingC. being foundedD. to be founded37. - Was it by cutting down staff she saved the firm?- No, it was by improving work efficiency.A.whenB.whatC.howD.that38. - We've only got this small bookcase. Will that do?- No, I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger.A. whoB. thatC. whatD. which39. "Genius" is a complicated concept, many different factors.A.involvedB.involving ,C.to involveD.being involved40. The map is one of the best tools a man has _ _ he goes to a new place.A. wheneverB. whateverC. whereverD. however Section B (9)Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Filmgoers should be told how many calories there are in the popcorn, ice cream and softdrinks that they buy in cinemas, according to the Food Standard Agency.Smaller popcorn buckets and drink cups should also be made 41 , the nutrition inspector said.Tim Smith, chief executive of the agency, told The 77mes that cinemas should help to deal with the country's overweight 42 ."There is a mis-belief that popcorn is calorie-free, but that is not the case. It is a 43 to us," he said. "Portion sizes are also a big issue, and there seems to be increasingly big packs on sale."He spoke as a number of food chains such as Pret A Manger, Wimpey and The Real Greek44to put calorie counts on all their menus.A trial scheme(试行方案)with 21 food companies took place last summer, and 45 are that consumers altered their buying habits when they reali z ed the number of calories in a product.A consultation(征询意见) on the trial ends next month but Mr. Smith is already planning the second drive for American-style calorie counts and is 46 to win support from cinemas and other entertainment places, from football grounds to concert halls.Government 47 suggest that two thirds of adults and a third of children are overweight. If trends are not 48 , this could rise to almost nine in ten adults and two thirdsof children by 2050, putting them at 49 risk of heart disease, cancer and other diseases.III. Reading Comprehension (50)Section A (15)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.People on a college campus were more likely to give money to the March of Dimes if theywere asked for a donation by a disabled woman in a wheelchair than if asked by a nondisabled woman. In another 50 , subway riders in New York saw a man carrying a stick stumble(绊脚)and fall to the floor. Sometimes the victim had a large red birthmark on his 51 ;sometimeshe did not. In this situation, the victim was more likely t o52 aid if his face was spotless thanif he had an unattractive birthmark. In 53 these and other research findings,two themes are54 :we are more willing to help people we like for some reason and people we think 55 assistance.In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid. 56 ,in a field study researchers placed a completed application to graduate school in a telephone box at the airport. The application was ready to be 57 , but had apparently been "lost" . The photo attached to the application was sometimes that of a very 58 person and sometimes that ofa less attractive person. The measure of helping was whether the individual who found the envelope actually mailed it or not. Results showed that people were more likely to 59 the application if the person in the photo was physically attractive.The degree of 60between the potential helper and the person in need is also important.For example, people are more likely to help a stranger who is from the same country rather than a foreigner. In one study, shoppers on a busy street in Scotland were more likely to help a person wearing a(n) 61 T-shirt than a person wearing a T-shirt printed with offensive words.Whether a person receives help depends in part on the "worth" of the case. For example,shoppers in a supermarket were more likely to give someone . 62 to buy milk rather than to buy cookies, probably because milk is thought more essential for 63 than cookies. Passengers on a New York subway were more likely to help a man who fell to the ground if he appeared to be 64 rather than drunk.50. A.study B.way C.word D.college51. A. hand B. arm C. face D. back52. A.refuse B.beg C.lose D.receive53. A. challenging B. recording C. understanding D. publishing54. A.important B. possible C. amusing D. missing55. A.seek B.deserve C.obtain D.accept56. A. At first B. Above all C. In addition D. For example57. A.printed B.mailed C.rewritten D.signed58. A. talented B. good-looking C. helpful D. hard-working59. A. send in B. throw away C. fill out D. turn down60. A. similarity B. friendship C. cooperation D. contact61. A.expensive B.plain C.cheap D.strange62. A.time B.instructions C.money D.chances63. A. shoppers B. research C. children D. health64. A. talkative B. handsome C. calm D. sickSection B (22)Directions: Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Phil White has just returned from an 18,000-mile, around-the-world bicycle trip. White had two reasons for making this epic journey. First of all, he wanted to use the trip to raise money for charity, which he did. He raised ~70,000 for the British charity, Oxfam. White's second reason for making the trip was to break the world record and become the fastest person to cycle around the world. He is still waiting to find out if he has broken the record or not.White set off from Trafalgar Square, in London, on 19th June 2004 and was back 299 days later. He spent more than l,300 hours in the saddle(车座)and destroyed four sets of tyres and three bike chains. He had the adventure of his life crossing Europe, the Middle East, India, Asia, Australia, New Zealand and the Americas. Amazingly, he did all of this with absolutely no support team. No jeep carrying food, water and medicine. No doctor. Nothing! Just a bike and a very, very long road.The journey was lonely and desperate at times. He also had to fight his way across deserts, through jungles and over mountains. He cycled through heavy rains and temperatures of up t0 45 degrees, all to help people in need. There were other dangers along the road. In Iran, he waschased by armed robbers and was lucky to escape with his life andthe little money he had. The worst thing that happened to him was having to cycle into a headwind on a road that crosses the south of Australia. For l,000 kilomete r s he battled against the wind that was constantly pushing him. This part of the trip was slow, hard work and depressing, but he made it in the end. Now Mr.White is back and intends to write a book about his adventures.65. When Phil White returned from his trip, he ________.A. broke the world recordB. collected money for OxfamC. destroyed several bikesD. traveled about l,300 hours66. What does the word "epic" in Paragraph l most probably mean?A. Very slow but exciting.B. Very long and difficult.C. Very smooth but tiring.D. Very lonely and depressing.67. During his journey around the world, Phil White ________ .A. fought heroically against robbers in IranB. experienced the extremes of heat and coldC. managed to ride against the wind in AustraliaD. had a team of people who traveled with him68. Which of the following words can best describe Phil White?A. Imaginative.B. Patriotic.C. Modest.D. Determined.(B)The value-packed, all-inclusivesight-seeing package thatcombines the best of Sydney'sharbor, city, bay and beachhighlights.A SydneyPass gives you unlimited and flexible travel on the Explorer Buses: the 'red' Sydney Explorer shows you around our exciting city sights w h ile the 'blue' Bondi Explorer visits Sydney Harbor bays and famous beaches. Take to the water on one of three magnificent daily harbor cru i ses(游船). You can also travel free on regular Sydney Buses,Sydney Ferries or CityRail services (limited area), so you can go to every corner of this beautiful city.Imagine browsing at Darling Harbor, sampling the famous seafood at Watsons Bay or enjoying the city lights on an evening ferry cruise. The possibilities and plans are endless with a SydneyPass. Wherever you decide to go, remember that bookings are not required on any of our services so tickets are treated on a first in, first seated basis.SydneyPasses are available for 3, 5 o r 7 days for use over a 7 calendar day period. With a 3 or 5 day pass you choose on which days out of the 7 you want to use it. All SydneyPasses include a free Airport Express inward trip before starting your 3, 5 o r 7 days, and t he return trip is valid (育效的) for 2 months from the first day your ticket was used.*A child is defined as anyone from the ages of 4 years to under 16 ye a rs. Children under 4 years travel free.**A family is defined as 2 adults and any number of children from 4 to under 16 years of age from the same family.69. A SydneyPass doesn7t offer unlimited rides onA. the Explorer BusesB. the harbor cruisesC. regular Sydney BusesD. CityRail services70. With a SydneyPass, a traveler can _.A. save fares from and to the airportB.take the Sydney Explorer to beachesC. enjoy the famous seafood for freeD. reserve seats easily in a restaurant71. If 5-day tickets were to be recommended to a mother who travelled with her colleague andher children, aged 3, 6 and 10, what would the lowest cost be?A. $225.B. $300.C. $360.D. $420.(C)Researchers in the psychology department at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) have discovered a major difference in the way men and women respond to stress. This difference may explain why men are more likely to suffer from stress-related disorders.Until now, psychological research has maintained that both men and women have the same "fight-or-flight" reaction to stress. In other words, individuals ei t her react with aggressive behavior, such as verbal or physical conflict ("fight"), or they react by withdrawing from the stressful situation ("flight"). However, the UCLA research team found that men and women have quite different biological and behavioral responses to stress. While men often react to stress in the fight-or-flight response, women often have another kind of reaction which could be called "tend and befriend." That is, they often react to stressful conditions by protecting and nurturing their young ("tend"), and by looking for social contact and support from others - especially other females ('befriend").Scientists have long known that in the fight-or- flight reaction to stress, an important role is played by certain hormones(激素) released by the body. The UCLA research team suggests that the female tend-or-befriend response is also based on a hormone. This hormone, called oxytocin, has been studied in the context of c hildbirth, but now it is being studied for its role in the response of both men and women to stress. The principal investigator, Dr. Shelley E. Taylor, explained that "animals and people with high levels of oxytocin are calmer, more relaxed, more social, and less anxious." While men also secrete(分泌)oxytocin, its effects are reduced by male hormones.In terms of everyday behavior, the UCLA study found that women are far. more likely than men to seek social contact when they are feeling stressed. They may phone relatives or friends, or ask directions if they are lost.The study also showed how fathers and mothers responded differently when they came home to their family after a stressful day at work. The typical father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace and quiet. For a typical mother, coping with a bad day at work meant focusing her attention on her children and their needs.The differences in responding to stress may explain the fact that women have lower frequency of stress-related disorders such as high blood pressure or aggressive behavior. The tend-and-befriend regulatory(调节的) system may protect women against stress, and this may explain why women on average live longer than men.72. The UCLA study shows that in response to stress, men are more likely than women to ____.A. turn to friends for helpB. solve a conflict calmlyC. find an escape from realityD. seek comfort from children73. Which of the following is true about oxytocin according to the passage?A. Men have the same level of oxytocin as women do.B. Oxytocin used to be studied in both men and women.C. Both animals and people have high levels of oxytocin.D. Oxytocin has more of an effect on women than on men.74. What can be learned from the passage?A. Male hormones help build up the body's resistance to stress.B. In a family a mother cares more about children than a father does.C. Biological differences lead to different behavioral responses to stress.D. The UCLA study was designed to confirm previous research findings.75. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. How men and women get over stressB. How men and women suffer from stressC. How researchers overcome stress problemsD. How researchers handle stress-related disordersSection C (5)Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from76.Learning to read early has become one of those indicators - in parents' minds at least – that their child is smart. In fact, reading early has very little to do with whether a child is successful academically. Research has shown that difficulty with reading is often due not to inferior intelligence but to differences in the developmental wiring of each individual child. In some cases,there are neurological problems and developmental lags that can be overcome with proper training.77.Traditionally, American schools teach children at age six, but many schools begin teaching informally in kindergarten and pre-kindergarten. If parents start too early to encourage reading, and a child does not immediately succeed, the parent has a hard time relaxing and letting the child go at his or her own pace.78.Over the years, research has proved that the use of both the "whole language" method and the "phonic" method works best for a child to master reading. While the whole language approach, which includes reading to children and getting them interested in both the activity of reading and the story they are reading, is helpful, phonics must be taught. Children must be taught that one of the squiggles they see is a "p" and another a "b". Getting the print off the page requires a different ability than being able to understand the meaning of what is written.79.You can start developing the skills needed in reading at a very young age without putting any pressure on children. Besides reading to them, parents can start "ear training" their child by playing thyme games. This develops the child's ability to recognize different sounds. In reading to children, parents also can point to words as they go, teaching the child that the funny lines on the page are the words you are saying. All this should be a fun activity.80.Once a child is in school, the learning of reading is inevitably more serious. For children who have some kind of reading difficulty, you must get a professional diagnosis. While the teacher might say the child is merely disinterested but will get over it, disinterest or poor performance in reading can stem from a number of things, some being very specific learning disabilities that can be identified and worked on. But it is very tricky for parents to deal with their own child's learning disabilities.Section D (8)Directions:Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.While contact between adolescents (between the ages of fifteen and nineteen) and their peers (同龄人) is a universal characteristic of all cultures, the nature and the degree of such contact vary a great deal. In American contemporary society, adolescents spend much more time with their peers than with younger children or adults.This pattern of age segregation(隔离) in American society did not become usual until the beginning of the industrialized society. Changes in the workplace separated children from adults, with adults wor ki ng and children attending school. The dramatic increase of mothers in the workplace has further contributed to the reduction in the amount of time adolescents spend with adults. School reform efforts during the nineteenth century, which resulted in age-segregated schools and grades, have reduced the amount of time adolescents spend with younger children.Finally, the changes in population are considered a factor that may have contributed to the emergence of adolescent peer culture. From 1955 t0 1975, the adolescent population increased dramatically, from 11 percent t0 20.9 percent. This increase in the number of adolescents might be a contributing factor to the increase in adolescent peer culture in terms of growth in size.Research supports the view that adolescents spend a great deal of time with their peers. Reed Larson and his colleagues examined adolescents' daily activities and found that they spend more time talking to their friends than engaging in any other activity. In a typical week, high school students will spend twice as much time with their peers as with adults. This gradual withdrawal from adults begins in early adolescence. I n sixth grade, adults (excluding parents) account for only 25 percent of adolescent social networks. Another important characteristic of adolescent peer culture is its increasingly autonomous (白治的) function. While childhood peer groups are conducted under the close supervision of parents, adolescent peer groups typically make an effort to escape adult supervision and usually succeed in doing so.(Note: Answer the ques ti ons or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)81. "This pattern of age segregation" refers to the phenomenon that adolescents segregate themselves from82. Besides changes in the workplace, are the other two factors contributing to adolescent peer culture.83. When do adolescents start to spend less time with adults?84. How do adolescent peer groups differ from childhood peer groups?第II卷(共45分)I.Translation (20)Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.她五年前开始拉小提琴。
上海2012年高考英语试题及参考答案总分:150分及格:90分考试时间:120分听力A(1)A. At a library. B. At a hotel. C. At a bank.D. At an airport.(2)A. Relaxed. B. Annoyed. C. Worried.D. Satisfied(3)A. Doctor and patient. B. Shop owner and customer.C. Secretary and boss. D. Receptionist and guest.(4)A. He would have thrown $300 around. B. $300 is not enough for the concert.C. Sandy shouldn't have given that much.D. Dave must be mad with the money(5)A. She lives close to the man. B. She changes her mind at last.C. She will turn to her manager. D. She declines the man's offer.(6)A. 2 B. 3 C. 4D.5(7)A. Both of them drink too much coffee.B. The woman doesn't Like coffee at all.C. They help each other stop drinking coffee.D. The man is uninterested in the woman's story(8)A. He doesn't. mind helping the woman.B. He hesitates whether to help or not.C. He'll help if the woman doesn't mindD. He can't help move the cupboard.(9)A. He's planning to find a new job.B. He prefers to keep his house in a mess.C. He's too busy to clean his houseD. He has already cleaned his new house,(10)A. She doesn't agree with the man.B. She is good at fmding a place to stay.C. She could hardly find the truth. D. She had no travel expei/ence in Britain.听力B(1)Questions{TSE} are based on the following passage(2)A. Employees gain full freedom. B. Employees suspect one another.C. Employees' children are happy. D. Employees enjoy working there.(3)A. Reward. B. Safety. C. Trust. D. Honesty(4)Questions {TSE} are based on the following passage(5)A. They standardized Canadian English.B. They settled there after the Revolution.C. They enjoy a very high social position.D. They make up a small part of the population(6)A. It is considered unique to some extent. B. It is greatly influenced by French.C. It is mainly linked to British culture. D. It dates back to the late 17th century.听力C(1)听材料,回答第{TSE}题(2)请在_____18_____处填上答案。
上海2012年春季高考英语试卷第1卷(共105分)II. Grammar and V ocabularySection ADirections: ~ Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C andD. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. A huge amount of money has been spent __ the new bridge.A. inB. onC. withD. for26. They don't come to the book club any more, for _ reasons or other.A.' someB. allC. eitherD. both27. You _____ bring your identification when you open a bank account.A. mayB. canC. mustD. will28. After the accident, we are _____~ concerned with the safety of school buses than we used to be.A. littleB. lessC. muchD. more29. Before I began this job, I _____ a baby sitter for two years.A. have beenB. wasC. would beD. had been30. The diamond mine _______ accidentally by a little boy when he was playing hide-and-seek.A. discoveredB. was discoveredC. has been discoveredD. would discover3 I. Tom looked upon the test as an obstacle _____ his classmates regarded it as a challenge.A. whileB. becauseC. unlessD. if32. People have learnt the importance of keeping a balanced diet _____ their nutritional needs.A. satisfyB. satisfiedC. to satisfyD. having satisfied33. Once __, Jo devoted her life to looking after children and being a full-time homemaker.A. having marriedB. being marriedC. marryingD. married34. _____ you take a photo, you should always check the position of the sun.A. BeforeB. AfterC. BecauseD. Though35. Despite the fact _____ they lacked food, the explorers continued towards the goal.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whether36. Sailing across the ocean alone was an achievement _ took courage.A. whatB. whoC. whichD. where37. ~ a wet football can hurt your foot if you are not careful.A. KickingB. KickedC. Having kickedD. Kick38. It was not until 1920 American women had the chance to vote in national elections.A. whenB. thatC. whereD. which39. Portable videophones will show us _____ is happening at the other end of the line.A. whichB. whatC. howD. why40. Big companies usually have a lot of branch offices _____ in different parts of the world.A. to have operatedB. be operatedC. operatingD. having operated Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word canonly be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. accountedB. averageC. continuousD. rankE. linkF. comparison G additional H. associated I. risk J. confirmed _Television watching is an activity which is known to be harmful to health and is distinctfrom getting too little exercise. But a new study suggests its damaging effects may even 41 alongside those from smoking and obesity (/][~-). Researchers who studied television viewing habits in Australia calculated that people who watch for a(n) 42 of six hours a day shorten their lift, expectancy (l'~t/3q~-]'~) by almost five years.They based their calculations on data on the 43 between television viewing and deathfrom the Australian obesity and lifestyle study which involved l 1,000 adults aged 25 and over. Applying these findings to the whole population over 25, who are estimated to have watched 9.8 billion hours of TV in 2008, they concluded that it 44 for 286,000 years of life lost -- equivalent to 22 minutes for each, hour watched. By 45 .... smoking one cigarette is estimated to shorten life expectancy by 11 minutes -- equivalent to half an hour of TV watching.Writing in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, the authors from the University of Queensland, say the figures suggest "huge loss of life may be 46 with too much TV viewing." The UK and other industrialized countries are likely to be similarly affected "given the typically large amounts of time spent watching TV and the similarities in disease patterns." The researchers add: "If these figures are 47 and shown to reflect a cause and effect relationship, TV viewing is a public health problem comparable in size to established behavioral risk factors."Researchers from Taiwan University found even those who did as little as 92 minutes'exercise a week,- equivalent to 15 minutes a day for six days a week -- reduced their 48of death by 14 per cent. Even this small amount of exercise could postpone one in six of alldeaths -- similar to the effects of a stop-smoking programme. Each 49 15 minutes a dayreduced the death rate by a further 4 per cent.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.A screen door (~~'l' 1) allows for an open view while at the same time affording a degree of privacy. 50 , communication between parents and their child away at college should have openness in expressing viewpoints but, at the same time, it should demonstrate a respect for privacy. Staying in touch with each other is important because without 51 , there is no connection and worry can take over. All involved should try to be 52 in listening to, understanding and dealing with special concerns or needs that arise whether they be from the student, parents or friends.I-or the happy student adjusting well at school, calls to home can be infrequent. This is not necessarily a cause for parents to 53 . While parents are naturally 54 about what their child is up to, the majority of students are busy getting accustomed to their new home, making new friends and 55 to new schedules and activities. The fact is that without any ill intention on purpose, they can spend little time thinking about home and they may not appreciate the degree of their parents' 56 curiosity.For the student who is not adjusting well at school, calls to home will probably be mademore 57 . This circumstance can bring a 58 period for both parent and child. For the parents at home, it can be terribly 59 to sense their child is unhappy. It is difficult to judge how we should react to this challenge: as 60 , we want to bring our children home to the safety of our nest; in our parent-teacher role, we want to 61 the ties and allow our child the opportunity to make it on his/her own.For the student away at school, unhappiness can be lonely and frightening and in some cases,it can lead to depression and illness. There is a sense of 62 for some homesick students who fear that Mom and Dad will 63 their inability to cope with the new environment. This is especially true when the homesick one sees classmates adjusting somewhat effortlessly. No matter what the circumstances are that have created 64 .., communication between parent and child must remain open, honest and in balance.50. A. Relatively B. Contrarily C. Typically D. Similarly51. A. sacrifice B. privacy C. appreciation D. communication52. A. sensitive B. confident C. casual D. modest53. A. worry B. regret C. cheer D. wonder54. A. uninformed B. curious C. happy D. sensible55. A. adding B. referring C. adjusting D. leading56. A. strange B. increasing C. awakened D. normal57. A. formally B. frequently C. sincerely D. patiently58. A. disappointing B. recovering C. challenging D. training59. A. damaging B. disturbing C. demanding D. exhausting60. A. protectors B. reminders C. inspectors D. individuals61. A. maintain B. establish C. restore D. cut62. A. relief B. responsibility C. achievement D. embarrassment63. A. get bored with B. get upset with C. be ignorant of D. be honest with64. A. opportunity B. uncertainty C. unhappiness D. nervousness Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)For six hours we shot through the landscape of the Karoo desert in South Africa. Just rocksand sand and baking sun. Knowing our journey was ending, Daniel and I just wanted to remember all we had seen and done. He used a camera. I used words. I had already finished three notebooks and was into the fourth, a beautiful leather notebook I'd bought in a market in Mozambique.Southern Africa was full of stories. And visions. We were almost drunk on sensations. The roaring of the water at Victoria Falls, the impossible silence of the Okavango Delta in Botswana. And then the other things: dogs in the streets, whole families in Soweto living in one room, a kilometre from clean water.As we drove towards the setting sun, a quietness fell over us. The road was empty -- wehadn't seen another car for hours. And as I drove, something caught my eye, something moving next to me. I glanced in the mirror of the car; I glanced sideways to the right, and that was when I saw them. Next to us, by the side of the road, thirty, forty wild horses were racing the car, a cloud of dust rising behind them -- brown, muscular horses almost close enough to touch them, to smell their hot breath. I didn't know how long they had been there next to us.I shouted to Dan: "Look!", but he was in a deep sleep, his camera lying useless by his feet.They raced the car for a few seconds, then disappeared far behind us, a memory of heroic forms in the red landscape. When Daniel woke up an hour later I told him what had happened."Wild horses?" he said. "Why didn't you wake me up?""I tried. But they were gone after a few seconds.""Are you sure you didn't dream it?""You were the one who was sleeping!"'Typical, he said. "The best photos are the ones we never take."We checked into a dusty hotel and slept the sleep of the dead.65. During their journey in Africa, the two travelers .....A. made friends with local residentsB. complained about the poor living conditionsC. enjoyed the sunset in the Karoo desert mostD. recorded their experiences in different ways66. What does the phrase "heroic forms" in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. Racing cars.B. Wild horses.C. Eye-catching locals.D. Running dogs.67. What did Daniel think when he woke up and was told what had happened?A. He always missed out on the best thing.B. He had already taken beautiful pictures.C. A sound sleep was more important.D. The next trip would be better.68. What is 'the passage mainly about?A. How to view wildlife in Africa.B. Running into wildlife in Africa.C. Tourist attractions in southern Africa.D. Possible dangers of travelling in the desert.(B)The Age of UnreasonCharles HandyIn his book The Age of Unreason Professor Handy describes the dramatic changes that are taking place in our lives today and warns that we must adapt to these changes if we want to survive in the future. Handy believes that in the future less than 50% of the workforce will be employed full-time by an organization. These full-time employees will be the qualified professionals, technicians, and managers who are essential to an organization. Their working lives will be a lot more demanding than today, but in return they will be well-paid and they will retire earlier. The rest of the workforce will Be self-employed or will work part-time, providing organizations with the products and services they require on a contract basis. Handy forecasts a big increase in the number of working mothers in future and believes there will be a large number of unemployed.Handy gives us plenty of figures to worry about. He estimates that by the year 2040, one person in five will retire, and one in ten will be over seventy-five years old. There will be one retiree to every three people of working age, and even more than that in countries such as Germany and Switzerland, where the proportion will be as much as one to two. Retirees will remain healthy and active for longer than they do today and many will live to be a hundred years old, a fact which leads Handy to suggest that the term retirement will no longer be appropriate. He suggests the third age is a more appropriate description, since it will be as important a part of our lives as the first age of learning and the second age of working are for us today.69. Professor Handy wrote the book most probably toA. warn us of potential social problems in the futureB. predict the leading professions in the coming yearsC. describe the effect of unemployment on societyD. suggest a better term for future retirement70. According to Protcssor Handy, the future workforce willA. adapt to the changes in retirement easilyB. be mainly self-employedC. have fewer full-time workers than todayD. work on a contract basis71, Prom the last paragraph, we learn that about 30 years from now,A. the number of retirees will double in many countriesB. ageing will be a common and serious problemC. 10% of the population will live to be 100 years oldD. the third age will be the most important part of our lives(c)Frederic Mishkin, who's been a professor at Columbia Business School for almost 30 years,is good at solving problems and expressing ideas. Whether he's standing in front of a lecture hall or engaged in a casual conversation, his hands are always waving and pointing. When he was in graduate school, one of his professors was so annoyed by this constant gesturing that he made the young economist sit on his hands whenever he visited the professor's office.It turns out, however, that Mishkin's professor had it exactly wrong. Gesture doesn't preventbut promotes clear thought and speech. Research demonstrates that the movements we make with our hands when we talk form a kind of second language, adding information that's absent from our words. It's learning's secret code: Gesture reveals what we know. It reveals what we don't know. What's more, the agreement (or lack of agreement) between what our voices say and how our hands move offers a clue to our readiness to learn.Many ~f the studies establishing the importance of gesture to learning have been conductedby Susan Goldin-Meadow, a professor of psychology at the University of Chicago. "We change our minds by moving our hands," writes Goldin-Meadow in a review of this work. Particularly significant are what she calls "mismatches" between oral expression and physical gestures. A student might say that a heavier ball falls faster than a light one, for example, but make a gesture indicating that they fall at the same rate, which is correct. Such differences indicate that we're moving from one level of understanding to another. The thoughts expressed by hand motions are often our newest and most advanced ideas about the problem we're working on; we can't yet absorb these concepts into language, but we can capture them in movement.Goldin-Meadow's more recent work strews not only that gesture shows our readiness tolearn, but that it actually helps to bring learning about. It does so in two ways. First, it elicits (~ ) helpful behavior from others around us. Goldin-Meadow has found that adults respond tochildren's speech-gesture mismatches by adjusting their way of instruction. Parents and teachers apparently receive the signal that children are ready to learn, and they act on it by offering a greater variety of problem-solving techniques. The act of gesturing itself also seems to quicken learning, bringing new knowledge into consciousness and aiding the understanding of new concepts. A 2007 study by Susan Wagner Cook, an assistant professor of psychology at the University of Iowa, reported that third-graders who were asked to gesture while learning algebra (~-~'~[~) were nearly three times more likely to remember what they'd learned than classmates who did not gesture.72. According to Paragraph 1, Frederic Mishkin was asked to sit on his hands because __A. he could litter express his ideas that wayB. he always pointed his finger at his professorC. his professor did not like his gesturingD. his gestures prevented his professor from thinking73. How is gesturing important in acquiring knowledge?A. It draws tasteful responses from others and increases learning speed.B. It promotes second language learning and quickens thinking.C. It provides significant clues for solving academic problems.[). It reduces students' reliance on teachers' instruction.74. What can be inferred from the passage about gesture-speech mismatches?A~ They can stimulate our creativity.B. Instructors should make full use of them.C. Teachers can hardly explain new concepts without them.D. They serve as a stepping stone to solving real life problems.75. What could be the best title of the passage?A. Hand Motions, a Second LanguageB. Gesturing: Signal of UnderstandingC. New Uses of GesturingD. The Secret Code of LearningSection CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.A. Kids' watching e-books is far from reading.B. Reading bedtime stories is a rarely changed routine.C. What really counts is the words that appear.D. E-books are cool in a technological sense.E. Parents prefer to read real books to their children.F. E-books for children are not that well-received.76.In my house, bedtime stories are holy. Rarely does something change the nightly routine,although feverish kids have been known to be tucked in, without story. But last week, my4-year-old awoke at 1 a.m. with this complaint: "You forgot to read me my bedtime story." Shewas right. So I pulled a book from her shelf' and cuddled her close as she turned the pages.Reading forges connections between parents and children (even in the middle of the right, it'salso good for little brains.77.But does the form in which the words appear matter? The New York Times reports thatparents --- even those who are avid digital downloader’s..... are avoiding kids' e-b(~)ks fo~ the reap tiling. It seems that the feel and texture of paper pages ~dong with colorful illustrations beats the static dimensions of a screen.78.The article ran in the paper's Monday business section, but it may be more of a cultural tale.More than 25% of some adult literature is sold digitally, but e-books targeted at kids under 8 take ,up less than 5% of total children's book sales. "Refuting a childhood classic on an e-reader i,;such a cold thing to do.," says Carol Moyer, head of the children's department at Quail Ridge Books. "E-books don't have the warmth and intimacy of the illustration on the page."79.Technology fans believe e-books can compete. On CNET, Rick Broida sings lhe praiscs ofthe iPad, which "can do a lot more than just display static pages. It can read stories aloud; it can enrich a classic tale with 'touch-powered extras; and it can even render pages in 3D." hedescribes Alice in Wonderland -- "Alice for the iPad" -- as a classic tale that involves animationlike no other e-book to date. Readers can tilt the iPad to make Alice grow, shrink and so on.80.Sounds cool, but it seems more like a movie than a book. Watching digital dramatizations ol'stories isn't reading. When my kindergartener spent tech-lab time following instructions to surfan e-books site, her teacher recognized that she wasn't reading; she was learning to use acomputer.Section D'Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements inthe fewest possible words.An African-bom British scientist received an environment research prize at the Conventionon Migratory Species (CMS) meeting for showing how bees can be used to reduce conflict between people and elephants. Lucy King's work proved that beehive '[fences" (~l~"4JfJ}~")can keep elephants out of African farmers' fields. The animals are scared of bees, which can bite them inside their long noses, and flee when they hear buzzing (~ ..j ~ ).Dr King's work offers an intelligent solution to an age-old challenge, while providingfurther confirmation of the importance of bees to people and a really clever way of preserving the world's largest land animal for current and future generations. Working in Kenya, Dr King and her team showed that more than 90% of elephants will flee when they hear the sounds of buzzing bees. Afterwards, they also found that elephants produce a special sound to warn their fellows of the danger. They used the findings to construct barriers where beehives are woven into a fence, keeping the elephants away from places where people live and grow food.A two-year project involving 34 farms showed that elephants trying to go through the fences would shake them, disturbing the bees. Later, the fences were adopted by farming communities in three Kenyan districts -- who also made increased amounts of money from selling honey. "Dr Lucy King has designed a constructive solution that considers the needs of animals but also the economic benefits to the local communities linked to species preservation," said CMS executive secretary Elizabeth Maruma Mrema.As Africa's population grows, competition for space between people and elephants is becoming more serious, and there are fatalities on both sides. The same is true in parts of Asia. Sri Lanka alone sees the deaths of all estimated 60 people and 200 elephants each year from conflict.Working with the charity Save the Elephants, Lucy King now wants to see whether theKenyan technique will work in other parts of Africa -- and perhaps, eventually, in Asia. "With Asia, there are some issues we'd have to look at -- it's a totally different elephant species, the bee species are different, it rains a lot more, we have animals like bears that love honey -- but I'd be very interested in sharing my research with anyone with experience in Asia to see whether it could work there," she said.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)8 I. Lucy King's research shows that by using bees, can be reduced.82. How do most elephants in Kenya respond to the sounds of buzzing bees?83. Dr. King's work is regarded as a constructive solution, for it considers84. What four issues should be thought about in the application of Lucy King's findings in Asia? 第Ⅱ卷(共45分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.完成这项任务要花好几个月的时间。