广东省广州市2016年普通高中毕业班综合测试(一模)理综试题(文字版)

试卷类型 A 2016年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试 一英 语2016．3 本试卷分第 卷 选择题 和第 卷 非选择题 两部分 考试结束 ，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回第 卷注意 项1. 答第I卷前，考生 必将自己的姓 准考证号填写在答题卡2. 选出每小题答案 ，用铅笔把答题卡 对应题目的答案标号涂黑 如需改动，用橡皮擦干净 ，再选涂其他答案标号 不能答在本试卷 ，否则无效第一部分阅读理解 共两节，满分40分第一节 共15小题 每小题2分，满分30分阅读 列短文，从每题所给的四个选项 A B C和D 中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡 将该项涂黑A1. Who is organising the Festival of Books?A. Book TV.B. The Los Angeles Times.C. Natural History Museum.D. Los Angeles Public Library.2. How are the best book prizes chosen?A. By a group of experts.B. By a vote of the authors.C. By the reading public.D. By festival sponsors.3. What is true about tickets to the festival?A. They are only for published authors.B. They include transport to each event.C. They can only be applied for online.D. They can be purchased at the event location.BIn 1800, only three percent of the world’s population lived in cities. Only one city — Beijing — had a population of over a million. Most people lived in rural areas, and never saw a city in their lives. In 1900, just a hundred years later, roughly 150 million people lived in cities, and the world’s ten largest cities all had populations exceeding one million. By 2000, the number of city dwellers exceeded three billion; and in 2008, the world’s population crossed a tipping point — more than half of the people on Earth lived in cities. By 2050, that could increase to over two-thirds. Clearly, humans have become an urban species.In the 19th and early 20th centuries, many people viewed cities negatively — crowded, dirty environments full of disease and crime. They feared that as cities got bigger, living conditions would worsen. In recent decades, however, attitudes have changed. Many experts now think urbanization (城市化) is good news, offering solutions to the problems of Earth’s growing population.Harvard economist Edward Glaeser, author of The Victory of the City,is one such person. Glaeser argues that cities are very productive because “the absence of space between people” reduces the cost of transporting goods, people, and ideas. While the flow of goods has always been important to cities, what is most important today is the flow of ideas. Successful cities enable people to learn from each other easily, and attract and reward smart people with higher wages.Another urbanization supporter is environmentalist Stewart Brand. Brand believes cities help the environment because they allow half of the world’s population to live on about four percent of the land. This leaves more space for open country, such as farmland. City dwellers also have less impact per person on the environment than people in the countryside. Their roads, sewers, and power lines need fewer resources to build and operate. City apartments require less energy to heat, cool, and light. Most importantly, people in cities drive less so they produce fewer greenhouse gases per person.So it’s a mistake to see urbanization as evil; it’s a natural part of development. The challenge is how to manage the growth.4. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?A. The history of modern cities.B. Changes taking place within cities.C. How cities have grown over time.D. Why modern cities are changing.5. How have experts’ attitudes towards cities changed in recent decades?A. They now view the weaknesses as strengths.B. They no longer see city-living as attractive.C. They accept city life in spite of its problems.D. They think city-living provides more benefits.6. Which of the following would Edward Glaeser agree with?A. Cities provide more economic opportunities.B. City people get along better with each other.C. Over-crowded cities result in problems.D. Cities limit the flow of ideas.7. According to Paragraph 4, what would be the result of moving people out of cities?A. Economic production would be reduced.B. There would be less farmland available.C. People would travel less frequently.B. House values would fall greatly.CIt was December 25, 1914, only 5 months into World War I. German, British, and French soldiers, already sick and tired of the senseless killing, disobeyed their superiors and started socialising with “the enemy” along two-thirds of the Western Front.German troops held up Christmas trees with signs, “Merry Christmas”. Thousands of troops ran across the battlefields covered with dead bodies. They sang Christmas songs, exchanged photographs of loved ones back home, shared food and even played football. Soldiers hugged men they had been trying to kill a few short hours before. They agreed to warn each other if their officers forced them to fire their weapons, and to aim high.Fear ran through the military leaders on both sides. They felt that their power was being challenged: soldiers declaring their brotherhood with each other and refusing to fight. Generals declared this unexpected peacemaking illegal and said that participating soldiers would face a military court. Those found guilty would be imprisoned or even shot. By March 1915 the socialising movement had been destroyed and the killing machine was back in full operation. Over the next three years more than fifteen million people died in the war.Not many people have heard the story of the Christmas Truce (休战). On Christmas Day, 1988, a local radio host in Boston played “Christmas in the Trenches”, a song about the Christmas Truce, several times and was stunned by his listeners’ response. Thousands of people called in, praising the song, with many moved to tears by the amazing events it described.You can probably guess why the callers were in tears. The Christmas Truce story goes against most of what we have been taught about people. It lets us see the world as it can be and says, “This really happened once.” It shows us the potential we have as humans, and contradicts all of those TV and newspaper stories that tell us how mean and heartless people are. It is like hearing that our deepest wishes really are true: the world really can be different.8. The soldiers began socialising with the enemy because __________.A. they couldn’t bear the meaningless killingB. it was the best way to avoid being killedC. they feared that they would be caughtD. their enemies were from similar backgrounds9. How did the generals finally put an end to the soldiers’ socialising?A. They sent the soldiers’ loved ones to prison.B. They moved the two groups of soldiers further apart.C. They increased the number of officers to control the soldiers.D. They warned the soldiers that they would face severe punishment.10. The underlined word “stunned” in Paragraph 4 most probably means ________.A. satisfiedB. shockedC. amusedD. confused11. The author uses the story of the soldiers to imply that human beings ________.A. are not trustworthy under stressB. are naturally aggressive and war-likeC. are basically caring and kindheartedD. will always do what is in their own self-interestDEarlier this year, the social media website Facebook announced that it would work with several news organisations – including The New York Times, The Guardian, and the BBC– to place news stories directly into users’ personal Facebook webpage. Stories published using Facebook Instant will load more quickly and keep the style of the original publisher, who will keep all the advertising income the stories earn – at least for now. The deal shows how important social media has become to news organisations, and is a clear sign of how the world of news is changing – and has been for a while.When Google News began in 2002, many saw it as the death of the newspaper. It had no human editor. Instead Google used, and still uses, a secret computer program that selects and displays news stories according to the reader’s personal interests. More recently, Associated Press and Yahoo!have been publishing computer-written articles. Both use special software to automatically produce stories about company financial results and sports reports – areas where the quality of writing is felt to be of secondary importance to the accuracy of the data.Should we be worried about such developments? I think we should. One concern is that Facebook, Google and other social media websites see journalism as a sideline, a way of putting people in front of advertisements. It isn’t their primary function – so if it stops making them lots of money, they’re likely to stop doing it.There’s also a concern that computer-written articles are not actually journalism at all, because what a human news team produces is actually quite complex. A well-written news story puts information in context, offers a voice to each side of an argument and brings the public new knowledge.Though economics and speed of delivery mean readers will probably choose a computer- written story over a carefully shaped article – at least for daily news – I don’t think the computers will be writing any in-depth articles for a while yet.12. What is the main purpose of the article?A. To report on a new computer service offered by Facebook.B. To advise readers against reading computer-written news.C. To express the concern about recent trends in online news.D. To describe the process of online news reporting.13. Computer-written news reports have so far focused on sports and finance because ________.A. these are the most popular topics for online readersB. there are fewer journalists specialising in these areasC. information on these topics is more easily availableD. writing style is less important than accuracy in these areas14. What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Journalism.B. Advertising.C. Facebook.D. Business.15. In Paragraph 4, which of the following is mentioned as a characteristic of a well-written newsarticle?A. The information presented is up-to-date.B. The author’s opinion is clear.C. Different views on the topic are presented.D. The language used is vivid.第 节 共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分根据短文内容，从短文 的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项 选项中有两项为多余选项 Vacations are important. We need to take time out from work to relax, and just be ourselves.16 We should all be allowed to leave our jobs behind us – at least for a few weeks each year – and just have fun. This might be something as simple as reading a good book in front of a warm fireplace through to travelling to the most interesting places on our planet. Whatever we fancy doing is worth taking time out for.Workplace stress is on the rise. 17 These include disease, depression and even death. We all seem to be running from one place to the next, never finding out where we want to go in the first place. I intend to break that trend in the coming days.18 I will sleep late, write, watch movies, drink the occasional glass of wine, and eat to my heart’s content ignoring calorie counting. My plan is to just enjoy the fleeting moments of being alive.19 Spend your next vacation the way you want. Do what will restore your mental health. You’re very valuable to the people who are close to you, and to those who depend on it. Like it or not, we are all interdependent in this great life of ours.You are valuable. Just remember that the next time you look at the mirror and take a deep breath. Remind yourself that there will never be anyone like you ever on this earth again. 20 All you have to do is just ask yourself what you want to do.A. With it come many health problems.B. When you finally get home you’ll be greatly refreshed.C. I challenge each one of you to do the same.D. Draw up a detailed plan so you can see more.E. Life is not all about work, or at least it shouldn’t be.F. And only you know how to vacation your way.G. For my next holiday, I will do all the things that I love doing.第 部分英语知识运用 共两节，满分45分第一节完形填空 共20小题 每小题1.5分，满分30分阅读 面短文，从短文 各题所给的四个选项 A B C和D 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡 将该项涂黑The dolphin (海豚) swam in her tiny tank. It was early evening and the park was 21 . She was alone again.Earlier that day, she had performed her 22 for the visitors; and though their cheers pleased her, they did not 23 the anxiety of forced separation she experienced daily, 24 her family.Later that afternoon, her keepers had conducted their usual set of 25 on her to make sure she’d be ready for the next day’s show. This time, she had given in quietly to their attentions. This 26 them, as it always did; they were so happy when she 27 them. But, when she didn’t, they assumed there was a 28 ; and she would be punished.She dived down and stared through the glass window into the observatory room. During the day, 29 crowded into this lower-level viewing room to watch her from an underwater 30 . The glass was 31 with the hand prints of the many children who had pressed 32 to get a good view.Her daily routine rarely 33 . Trainers would teach her 34 tricks, to be added to her show. Occasionally, humans would bring their ill or 35 children to swim with her. And, over time, she would heal (治愈) them. But she’d always 36 the process so as not to expose her amazing ability to the humans.She swam up to the 37 ; then stared 38 at the stars above.She was far from her family; and she was 39 .In the dark she sang …But none of her kind 40 her.21. A. repaired B. gone C. closed D. built22. A. tricks B. stories C. songs D. duties23. A. cause B. stop C. ignore D. tell24. A. along with B. out of C. except for D. away from25. A. thoughts B. performances C. tests D. plans26. A. pleased B. shocked C. discouraged D. puzzled27. A. helped B. obeyed C. refused D. guided28. A. task B. chance C. reward D. problem29. A. keepers B. visitors C. reporters D. testers30. A. angle B. tank C. show D. sense31. A. damaged B. blocked C. decorated D. covered32. A. seriously B. lightly C. close D. far33. A. occurred B. varied C. remained D. survived34. A. new B. true C. strange D. regular35. A. skilful B. clever C. disabled D. shy36. A. take down B. slow down C. turn down D. put down37. A. park B. pool C. surface D. shore38. A. sadly B. lazily C. attentively D. happily39. A. free B. present C. independent D. lonely40. A. knew B. heard C. accepted D. found第II卷注意 将答案写在答题卡 写在本试卷 无效第 部分英语知识运用 共两节满分45分第 节 共10小题 每小题1.5分，满分15分阅读 面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 1个单词 或括号内单词的正确形式There once was a forest filled with happy animals. One day a raccoon (浣熊) found some socks left behind by picnickers, and 41 (decide) to wear them. They fitted so well, and felt so 42 (comfort), that he kept them on. He spent his days 43 (walk) through the forest in his new socks.Other animals became envious of the raccoon’s new look and followed his trend. First it was squirrels in 44 (shirt), then rabbits 45 hats on, and finally birds wearing underpants!Doctor Bear, the forest physician, disapproved and tried to warn the clothes-wearers. But no one listened. Instead, they urged him to follow the 46 (late) trend too.Soon, the problems started. The squirrel caught his shirt on a branch and crashed to the ground. The rabbit tried entering his hole while wearing his hat and got stuck. Even the raccoon, thanks to his 47 (bright) coloured socks, slipped into the river and almost died.When the 48 (injure) animals came to see Doctor Bear, he told them, “Your clothes are killing you. You don’t need 49 .”Those 50 listened to the doctor’s advice finally understood they didn’t need clothes. They’d only started wearing clothes to make others envy them.第 部分写作 共两节 满分35分第一节短文改错 共10小题 每小题1分，满分10分假定英语课 老师要求 桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你 桌写的以 作文 文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处 每处错误仅涉 一个单词的增 删除或修改 增 在缺词处 一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其 面写出该 的词删除 把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉修改 在错的词 划一横线，并在该词 面写出修改 的词注意 1. 每处错误 其修改均仅限一词2. 只允许修改10处，多者 从第11处起 不计分Last Friday, I learned a lesson about telling lies. Early in morning, I didn’t want to go to school, but I pretended to feel ill. My mother was very worrying when I told her. She left quickly and I thought she has gone to work. But soon, she came back with a bottle of pill. She said that she had asked for a day off work to look for me. I felt a little guilty but I dared not tell the true. That afternoon, my teacher came to visit to me. I felt so regretfully for telling lies. I had wasted anybody’s time. Finally, I admitted I had lied and promised never to do it again.第 节书面表达 满分25分假定你是李华，你要完成一个关于中英学生寒假活动的调查 请给你的英国笔 Bill 写一封信，内容包括1. 写信原因2. 介绍中国学生的寒假生活1 时长 约20天2 活动3. 询问英国学生的寒假生活注意1.词数100左右2.可以适当增 细节，以使行文连贯。

2016年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）理科综合 物理 姓名选择题（14—18为单选，19—21为多选，每题6分）14．物理学史上是哪位科学家、由于哪项贡献而人们称为“能称出地球质量的人” A ．阿基米德，发现了杠杆原理 B ．牛顿，发现了万有引力定律 C ．伽利略，测出了重力加速度的值 D ．卡文迪许，测出了万有引力常量15．不计重力的两个带电粒子M 和N 沿同一方向经小孔S 垂直进入匀强磁场，在磁场中的径迹如图。

分别用v M 与v N ， t M 与t N ，M Mm q 与NN m q 表示它们的速率、在磁场中运动的时间、荷质比，则 A ．如果M M m q =NNm q ，则v M ＞ v N B ．如果M M m q =NNm q ，则t M ＜ t N C ．如果v M = v N ，则M Mm q ＞NN m q D ．如果t M = t N ，则M Mm q ＞NN m q 16．如图a ，理想变压器原、副线圈的匝数比为2∶1，与副线圈相连的两个灯泡完全相 同、电表都为理想电表。

原线圈接上如图b 所示的正弦交流电，电路正常工作。

闭合开关后，A ．电压表示数增大B ．电流表示数增大C ．变压器的输入功率增大D ．经过灯泡的电流频率为25 Hz 17．如图，窗子上、下沿间的高度H=1.6m ，墙的厚度d=0.4m ，某人在离墙壁距离L=1.4m 、距窗子上沿h=0.2m 处的P 点，将可视为质点的小物件以v 的速度水平抛出，小物件直接穿过窗口并落在水平地面上，取g=10m/s 2。

则v 的取值范围是A ．7>v m/sB ．32.v <m/sC ．7m/s m/s 3<<vD ．3m/s m/s 32<<v .18．电梯经过启动、匀速运行和制动三个过程，从低楼层到达高楼层，启动和制动可看作是匀变速直线运动。

电梯竖直向上运动过程中速度的变化情况如下表：则前5秒内电梯通过的位移大小为：baA ．19.25mB ．18.75mC ．18.50mD ．17.50m19．如图，真空中a 、b 、c 、d 四点共线且等距。

2016年广州市一模试题及答案(理科数学) 2016年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）理科数学注意事项：1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用铅笔在答题卡上的相应位置填涂考生号。

2.回答第Ⅰ卷时，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

写在本试卷上无效。

3.回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷一。

选择题：共12小题，每小题5分。

1.已知集合 $A=\{x|x<1\}$，$B=\{x|x-x\leq0\}$，则 $A\cap B$ 等于A) $x-1\leq x\leq1$ (B) $x\leq x\leq1$ (C) $x<x\leq1$ (D) $x\leq x<1$2.已知复数 $z=\frac{3+i}{1-i}$，其中 $i$ 为虚数单位，则复数 $z$ 的共轭复数 $z$ 所对应的点在A) 第一象限 (B) 第二象限 (C) 第三象限 (D) 第四象限3.执行如图所示的程序框图，如果输入 $x=3$，则输出$k$ 的值为开始输入 $x$是 $x>100$。

$k=k+2$，$x=2x+3$ 输出 $k$否结束A) 6 (B) 8 (C) 10 (D) 124.如果函数 $f(x)=\sin(\omega x+\frac{\pi}{6})$ 的相邻两个零点之间的距离为 $6$，则 $\omega$ 的值为A) 3 (B) 6 (C) 12 (D) 245.设等差数列 $\{a_n\}$ 的前 $n$ 项和为 $S_n$，且$a_2+a_7+a_{12}=24$，则 $S_{13}$ 等于A) 52 (B) 78 (C) 104 (D) 2086.在直线 $y=4x$ 上的点，它们的横坐标依次为$x_1,x_2,\dots,x_n$，如果 $P$ 是抛物线 $C$ 的焦点，若$x_1+x_2+\dots+x_n=10$，则 $PF+P_2F+\dots+P_nF$ 等于A) $n+10$ (B) $n+20$ (C) $2n+10$ (D) $2n+20$7.在梯形$ABCD$ 中，$AD\parallel BC$，已知$AD=4$，$BC=6$，若 $CD=mBA+n$，则 $m+n$ 等于A) $-3$ (B) $0$ (C) $3$ (D) $33$8.设实数 $x$，$y$ 满足约束条件 $x+y-1\leq0$，则$x+(y+2)^2$ 的取值范围是A) $x\leq -1$，$y\leq -2$ (B) $x\leq -1$，$y\geq 1$ (C)$x\geq 0$，$y\leq -2$ (D) $x\geq 0$，$y\geq 1$9）一个六棱柱的底面是正六边形，侧棱垂直于底面，所有棱的长都为1，顶点都在同一个球面上。

2016年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）理科综合试题一、选择题：本题包括13小题，每小题6分，共78分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1．下列关于生物膜的叙述，正确的是A．生物膜是对生物体内所有膜结构的统称B．组成生物膜的脂质中脂肪最丰富C．生物膜都是选择透过性膜D．细胞器膜是细菌进行代谢的结构基础2．下列有关酶的叙述，正确的是A．酶的合成都要经过转录和翻译两个过程B．酶可提供化学反应所需的活化能C．A TP合成酶都存在于线粒体中D．比较过氧化氨酶和Fe3+的催化效率可证明酶具有高效性3．下列有关育种的叙述，正确的是A．杂交育种所选双亲必须是纯合子B．诱变所得植株若不出现预期性状就应丢弃C.多倍体育种时可用秋水仙索处理幼苗D．单倍体育种依据的遗传学原理是基因突变4．下列有关免疫的说法，正确的是A．机体主要依赖免疫调节维持内环境稳态B．效应T细可诱导靶细胞凋亡C．人在初次接触过敏原时会发生过敏反应D．再次接触同种抗原，记忆细胞分化成浆细胞释放淋巴因子5．用32P或35S标记T2噬菌体并分别与无标记的细菌混合培养，保温一定时间后经搅拌、离心得到上清液和沉淀物，并测量放射性。

对此实验的叙述，不正确的是．A．实验目的是研究遗传物质是DNA还是蛋白质B-保温时间过长会使32P标记组上清液的放射性偏低C．搅拌不充分会使35S标记组沉淀物的放射性偏高D．实验所获得的子代噬菌体不含，35S而部分可含有32P6．下列有关湿地生态系统的叙述，不正确的是A．湿地蓄洪防旱的作用体现了生物多样性的直接价值B．在群落水平上研究湿地，需要确定其范围和边界C．弃耕水稻田中的群落演替属于次生演替D．保护湿地生物多样性有利于维持该生态系统的稳定性7．下列叙述正确的是A．顺-2-丁烯和反-2-丁烯的加氢产物不同B．甲醛、氯乙烯和乙二醇均可作为合成聚合物的单体C ．ABS 树脂、光导纤维及碳纤维都是有机高分子材料D ．酸性条件下，C 2H 5CO 18OC 2H 5的水解产物是C 2H 5CO 18OH 和C 2H 5OH 8．设N A 为阿伏加德罗常数，下列叙述中正确的是A ．78 g Na 2O 2中存在的共价键总数为N AB ．0.1 mol 9038Sr 原子中含中子数为3.8N AC ．氢氧燃料电池负极消耗2.24 L 气体时，电路中转移的电子数为0.1N AD ．0.1 mol 氯化铁溶于1L 水中，所得溶液中Fe 3+的数目为0.1N A9．三聚磷酸可视为三个磷酸分子（磷酸结构式见右图）之间脱去两个水分子的产物，三聚磷酸钠（俗称“五钠”）是常用的水处理剂。

2016年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(一)英语2016．3 第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)A1. Who is organizing the Festival of Books?A. Book TV.B. The Los Angeles Times.C. Natural History Museum.D. Los Angeles Public Library.2. How are the best book prizes chosen?A. By a group of experts.B. By a vote of the authors,C. By the reading public.D. By festival sponsors.3. What is true about tickets to the festival?A. They are only for published authors.B. They include transport to each event.C. They can only be applied for onlineD. They can be purchased at the event location.In 1800, only three percent of the world's population lived in cities. Only one city —Beijing —had a population of over a million. Most people lived in rural areas, and never saw a city in their lives. In 1900, just a hundred years later, roughly 150 million people lived in cities, and the world’s ten largest cities all had populations exceeding one million. By 2000, the number of city dwellers exceeded three billion; and in 2008, the world's population crossed a tipping point —more than half of the people on Earth lived in cities. By 2050, that could increase to over two-thirds. Clearly, humans have become an urban species.In the 19th and early 20th centuries, many people viewed cities negatively —crowded, dirty environments full of disease and crime. They feared that as cities got bigger, living conditions would worsen. In recent decades, however, attitudes have changed. Many experts now think urbanization (城市化) is good news, offering solutions to the problems of Earth’s growing population.Harvard economist Edward Glaeser, author of The Victory of the Cir, is one such person. Glaeser argues that cities are very productive because “the absence of space between people” reduces the cost of transporting goods, people, and ideas. While the flow of goods has always been important to cities, what is most important today is the flow of ideas. Successful cities enable people to learn from each other easily, and attract and reward smart people with higher wages.Another urbanization supporter is environmentalist Stewart Brand. Brand believes cities help the environment because they allow haft of the world’s population to live on about four percent of the land. This leaves more space for open country, such as farmland. City dwellers also have less impact per person on the environment than people in the countryside. Their roads, sewers, and power lines need fewer resources to build and operate. City apartments require less energy to heat, cool, and light. Most importantly, people in cities drive less so they produce fewer greenhouse gases per person.So it’s a mistake to see urbanization as evil; it’s a natural part of development. The challenge is how to manage the growth.4. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?A. The history of modern cities.B. Changes taking place within cities.C. How cities have grown over time.D. Why modern cities are changing.5. How have experts’ attitudes towards cities changed in recent decades?A. They now view the weaknesses as strengths.B. They no longer see city-riving as attractive.C. They accept city life in spite of its problems.D. They think city-riving provides more benefits.6. Which of the following would Edward Glaeser agree with?A. Cities provide more economic opportunities.B. City people get along better with each other.C. Over-crowded cities result in problems.D. Cities limit the flow of ideas.7. According to Paragraph 4, what would be the result of moving people out of cities?A. Economic production would be reduced.B. There would be less farmland available.C. People would travel less frequently.D. House values would fall greatly.It was December 25, 1914, only 5 months into World War I. German, British, and French soldiers, already sick and tired of the senseless killing, disobeyed their superiors and started socialising with “the enemy” along two-thirds of the Western Front.German troops held up Christmas trees with signs, “Merry Christmas”. Thousands of troops ran across the battlefields covered with dead bodies. They sang Christmas songs, exchanged photographs of loved ones back home, shared food and even played football. Soldiers hugged men they had been trying to kill a few short hours before. They agreed to warn each other if their officers forced them to fire their weapons, and to aim high.Fear ran through the military leaders on both sides. They felt that their power was being challenged: soldiers declaring their brotherhood with each other and refusing to fight. Generals declared this unexpected peacemaking illegal and said that participating soldiers would face a military court. Those found guilty would be imprisoned or even shot. By March 1915 the socialising movement had been destroyed and the killing machine was back in full operation. Over the next three years more than fifteen million people died in the war.Not many people have heard the story of the Christmas Truce (休战). On Christmas Day, 1988, a local radio host in Boston played “Christmas in the Trenches”, a song about the Christmas Truce, several times and was stunned by his listeners’ response. Thousands of people called in, praising the song, with many moved to tears by the amazing events it described.You can probably guess why the callers were in tears. The Christmas Truce story goes against most of what we have been taught about people. It lets us see the world as it can be and says, “This really happened once.” It shows us the potential we have as humans, and contradicts all of those TV and newspaper stories that tell us how mean and heartless people are. It is like hearing that our deepest wishes really are true: the world really can be different.8. The soldiers began socialising with the enemy because ________.A. they couldn't bear the meaningless killingB. it was the best way to avoid being killedC. they feared that they would be caughtD. their enemies were from similar backgrounds9. How did the generals finally put an end to the soldiers’ socialising?A. They sent the soldiers’ loved ones to prison.B. They moved the two groups of soldiers further apart.C. They increased the number of officers to control the soldiers.D. They warned the soldiers that they would face severe punishment.10. The underlined word “stunned” in Paragraph 4 most probably means ________.A. satisfiedB. shockedC. amusedD. confused11. The author uses the story of the soldiers to imply that human beings ________.A. are not trustworthy under stressB. are naturally aggressive and war-likeC. are basically caring and kindheartedD. will always do what is in their own self-interestEarlier this year, the social media website Facebook announced that it would work with several news organisations —including The New York Times, The Guardian, and the BBC—to place news stories directly into users’ personal Facebook webpage. Stories published using Facebook Instant will load more quickly and keep the style of the original publisher, who will keep all the advertising income the stories earn —at least for now. The deal shows how important social, media has become to news organisations, and is a clear sign of how the world of news is changing —and has been for a while.When Google News began in 2002, many saw it as the death of the newspaper. It had no human editor. Instead Google used, and still uses, a secret computer program that selects and displays news stories according to the reader’s personal interests. More recently, Associated Press and Yahoo!have been punishing computer-written articles. Both use special software to automatically produce stories about company financial results and sports reports —areas where the quality of writing is felt to be of secondary importance to the accuracy of the data.Should we be worried about such developments? I think we should. One concern is that facebook, Google and other social media websites see journalism as a sideline, a way of putting people in front of advertisements. It isn’t their primary function —so if it stops making them lots of money, they're likely to stop doing it.There’s also a concern that computer-written articles are not actually journalism at all, because what a human news team produces is actually quite complex. A well-written news story puts information in context, offers a voice to each side of an argument and brings the public new knowledge.Though economics and speed of delivery mean readers will probably choose a computer-written story over a carefully shaped article —at least for daily news —I don't think the computers will be writing any in-depth articles for a while yet.12. What is the main purpose of the article?A. To report on a new computer service offered by Facebook..B. To advise readers against reading computer-written news.C. To express concern about recent trends in online news.D. To describe the process of online news reporting.13. Computer-written news reports have so far focused on sports and finance because ________.A. these are the most popular topics for online readersB. there are fewer journalists specialising in these areasC. information on these topics is more easily availableD. writing style is less important than accuracy in these areas14. What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Journalism.B. Advertising.C. Facebook.D. Business.15. In Paragraph 4, which of the following is mentioned as a characteristic of a well-written news article?A. The information presented is up-to-date.B. The author's opinion is clear.C. Different views on the topic are presented.D. The language used is vivid.第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分l0分)Vacations are important. We need to take time out from work to relax, and just beourselves. __16__ We should all be allowed to leave our jobs behind us —at least for a few weeks each year —and just have fun. This might be something as simple as reading a good book in front of a warm fireplace through to travelling to the most interesting places on our planet. Whatever we fancy doing is worth taking time out for.Workplace stress is on the rise. __17__ These include disease, depression and even death. We all seem to be running from one place to the next, never finding out where we want to go in the first place. I intend to break that trend in the coming days. __18__ I will sleep late, write, watch movies, drink the occasional glass of wine, and eat to my heart’s content ignoring calorie counting. My plan is to just enjoy the fleeting moments of beingvaluable to the people who are close to you, and to those who depend on it. Like it or not, we are all interdependent in this great life of ours.You are valuable. Just remember that the next time you look at the mirror and take a deep breath. Remind yourself that there will never be anyone like you ever on this earth again. __20__ All you have to do is just ask yourself what you want to do.A. With it come many health problems.B. When you finally get home you'll be greatly refreshed.C. I challenge each one of you to do the same.D. Draw up a detailed plan so you can see more.E. Life is not all about work, or at least it shouldn't be.F. And only you know how to vacation your way.G. For my next holiday, I will do all the things that I love doing.第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)The dolphin (海豚) swam in her tiny tank. It was early evening and the park was __21__. She was alone again.Earlier that day, she had performed her __22__ for the visitors; and though their cheers pleased her, they did not __23__ the anxiety of forced separation she experienced daily, __24__ her family.Later that afternoon, her keepers had conducted their usual set of __25__ on her to make sure she’d be ready for the next day's show. This time, she had given in quietly to their attentions. This __26__ them, as it always did they were so happy when she __27__ them. But, when she didn’t, they assumed there was a __28__ and she would be punished.She dived down and stared through the glass window into the observatory room. During the day, __29__ crowded into this lower-level viewing room to watch her from an underwater __30__. The glass was __31__ with the hand prints of the many children who had pressed __32__ to get a good view.Her daily routine rarely __33__. Trainers would teach her __34__ tricks, to be added to her show. Occasionally, humans would bring their ill or __35__ children to swim with her. And, over time, she would heal (治愈) them. But she’d always __36__ the process so as not to expose her amazing ability to the humans.She swam up to the __37__ then stared __38__ at the stars above.She was far from her family and she was __39__.In the dark she sang...But none of her kind __40__ her.21. A. repaired B. gone C. closed D. built22. A. tricks B. stories C. songs D. duties23. A. cause B. stop C. ignore D. tell24. A. along with B. out of C. except for D. away from25. A. thoughts B. performances C. tests D. plans26. A. pleased B. shocked C. discouraged D. puzzled27. A. helped B. obeyed C. refused D. guided28. A. task B. chance C. reward D. problem29. A. keepers B. visitors C. reporters D. testers30. A. angle B. tank C. show D. sense31. A. damaged B. blocked C. decorated D. covered32. A. seriously B. lightly C. close D. far33. A. occurred B. varied C. remained D. survived37. A. park B. pool C. surface D. shore38. A. sadly B. lazily C. attentively D. happily39. A. free B. present C. independent D. lonely40. A. knew B. heard C. accepted D. found第Ⅱ卷第二节(共10小题；每小题l．5分，满分l5分)There once was a forest filled with happy animals. One day a raccoon (浣熊) found some socks left behind by picnickers, and __41__ (decide) to wear them. They fitted so well, and felt so __42__ (comfort), that he kept them on. He spent his days __43__ (walk) through the forest in his new socks.Other animals became envious of the raccoon's new look and followed his trend. First it was squirrels in __44__ (shirt), then rabbits __45__ hats on, and finally birds wearing underpants!Doctor Bear, the forest physician, disapproved and tried to warn the clothes-wearers. But no one listened. Instead, they urged him to follow the __46__ (late) trend too.Soon, the problems started. The squirrel caught his shirt on a branch and crashed to the ground. The rabbit tried entering his hole while wearing his hat and got stuck. Even the raccoon, thanks to his __47__ (bright) coloured socks, slipped into the river and almost died.When the __48__ (injure) animals came to see Doctor Bear, he told them, “Your clothes are killing you. You don’t need __49__.”Those __50__ listened to the doctor's advice finally understood they didn’t need clothes. They’d only started wearing clothes to make others envy them.第三部分写作(共两节；满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分)Last Friday, I learned a lesson about telling lies. Early in morning, I didn’t want to go to school, but I pretended to feel ill. My mother was very worrying when I told her. She left quickly and I thought she has gone to work. But soon, she came back with a bottle of pill. She said that she had asked for a day off work to look for me. I felt a little guilty but I dared not tell the true. That afternoon, my teacher came to visit to me. I felt so regretfully for telling lies. I had wasted anybody’s time. Finally, I admitted I had lied and promised never to do it again.第二节书面表达(满分25分)假定你是李华，你要完成一项关于中英学生寒假生活的调查。

1绝密 ★ 启用前2016年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）理科数学注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用铅笔在答题卡上的相应位置填涂考生号。

2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。

写在本试卷上无效。

3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷一．选择题：本大题共12小题，每小题5分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的． （1）已知集合{}1A x x =<，{}20B x x x =-≤，则AB =（A ）{}11x x -≤≤ （B ）{}01x x ≤≤ （C ）{}01x x <≤ （D ）{}01x x ≤< （2）已知复数3i1iz +=-，其中i 为虚数单位，则复数z 的共轭复数z 所对应的点在 （A ）第一象限 （B ）第二象限 （C ）第三象限 （D ）第四象限 （3）执行如图所示的程序框图，如果输入3x =，则输出k 的值为（A ）6 （B ）8 （C ）10 （D ）12 （4）如果函数()sin 6f x x ωπ⎛⎫=+⎪⎝⎭()0ω>的相邻两个零点之间的距离为6π，则ω的值为 （A ）3 （B ）6 （C ）12 （D ）24 （5）设等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，且271224a a a ++=，则13S =（A ）52 （B ）78 （C ）104 （D ）208（6）如果1P ，2P ，…，n P 是抛物线C ：24y x =上的点，它们的横坐标依次为1x ，2x ，…，n x ，F是抛物线C 的焦点，若1210n x x x +++=，则12n PF P F P F +++=（A ）10n + （B ）20n + （C ）210n + （D ）220n + （7）在梯形ABCD 中，ADBC ，已知4AD =，6BC =，若CD mBA nBC =+(),m n ∈R ，则mn= （A ）3- （B ）13-（C ）13（D ）32（8）设实数x ，y 满足约束条件10,10,1x y x y x --≤⎧⎪+-≤⎨⎪≥-⎩， 则()222x y ++的取值范围是（A ）1,172⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦ （B ）[]1,17 （C）⎡⎣ （D）2⎣（9）一个六棱柱的底面是正六边形，侧棱垂直于底面，所有棱的长都为1，顶点都在同一个球面上，则该球的体积为（A ）20π （B（C ）5π （D（11）已知下列四个命题：1p ：若直线l 和平面α内的无数条直线垂直，则l α⊥； 2p ：若()22x x f x -=-，则x ∀∈R ，()()f x f x -=-；3p ：若()11f x x x =++，则()00,x ∃∈+∞，()01f x =； 4p ：在△ABC 中，若A B >，则sin sin A B >．其中真命题的个数是（A ）1 （B ）2 （C ）3 （D ）4 （11）如图，网格纸上小正方形的边长为1，粗线画出的是某个四面体的三视图，则该四面体的表面积为（A）8+ （B）8+（C）2+ （D）1224（12）以下数表的构造思路源于我国南宋数学家杨辉所著的《详解九章算术》一书中的“杨辉三角形”．1 2 3 4 5 … 2013 2014 2015 20163 5 7 9 ………… 4027 4029 4031 8 12 16 ………………… 8056 8060 20 28 ………………………… 16116 …………………………………………该表由若干行数字组成，从第二行起，每一行中的数字均等于其“肩上”两数之和，表中最后一行仅有一个数，则这个数为（A ）201520172⨯ （B ）201420172⨯ （C ）201520162⨯ （D ）201420162⨯3第Ⅱ卷本卷包括必考题和选考题两部分．第13题～第21题为必考题，每个试题考生都必须做答．第22题～第24题为选考题，考生根据要求做答． 二．填空题：本大题共4小题，每小题5分．（13）一个总体中有60个个体，随机编号0，1，2，…，59，依编号顺序平均分成6个小组，组号依次为1，2，3，…，6．现用系统抽样方法抽取一个容量为6的样本，若在第1组随机抽取的号码为3，则在第5组中抽取的号码是 ．（14）已知双曲线C ：22221x y a b-=()0,0a b >>的左顶点为A ，右焦点为F ，点()0,B b ，且0BAB F =，则双曲线C 的离心率为 ．（15）()422x x --的展开式中，3x 的系数为 ． （用数字填写答案）（16）已知函数()211,1,42,1x x f x x x x ⎧-+<⎪=⎨-+≥⎪⎩，则函数()()22xg x f x =-的零点个数为 个．三．解答题：解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤． （17）（本小题满分12分）如图，在△ABC 中，点D 在边AB 上，CD BC ⊥，AC =5CD =,2BD AD =.（Ⅰ）求AD 的长； （Ⅱ）求△ABC 的面积．（18）（本小题满分12分）从某企业生产的某种产品中抽取100件，测量这些产品的质量指标值，由测量结果得到如图所示的频率分布直方图，质量指标值落在区间[)55,65，[)65,75，[]75,85内的频率之比为4:2:1． （Ⅰ）求这些产品质量指标值落在区间[]75,85内的频率；（Ⅱ）若将频率视为概率，从该企业生产的这种产品中随机抽取3件，记这3件产 品中质量指标值位于区间[)45,75内的产 品件数为X ，求X 的分布列与数学期望．4（19）（本小题满分12分）如图，四棱柱1111ABCD A B C D -的底面ABCD 是菱形，ACBD O =，1A O ⊥底面ABCD ，21==AA AB ．（Ⅰ）证明：平面1ACO ⊥平面11BB D D ；（Ⅱ）若60BAD ∠=，求二面角1B OB -（20）（本小题满分12分）已知椭圆C 的中心在坐标原点，焦点在x 轴上，左顶点为A ，左焦点为()120F -，，点(B 在椭圆C 上，直线()0y kx k =≠与椭圆C 交于E ，F 两点，直线AE ，AF 分别与y 轴交于点M ，N ． （Ⅰ）求椭圆C 的方程；（Ⅱ）以MN 为直径的圆是否经过定点？若经过，求出定点的坐标；若不经过，请说明理由．（21）（本小题满分12分）已知函数+3()ex mf x x =-,()()ln 12g x x =++．（Ⅰ）若曲线()y f x =在点()()00f ，处的切线斜率为1，求实数m 的值； （Ⅱ）当1m ≥时，证明：()3()f x g x x >-.5请考生在第22、23、24题中任选一题做答，如果多做，则按所做的第一题计分．做答时请写清题号．（22）（本小题满分10分）选修4－1：几何证明选讲如图所示，△ABC 内接于⊙O ，直线AD 与⊙O 相切于点A ，交BC 的延长线于点D ，过点D 作DE CA 交BA 的延长线于点E ．（Ⅰ）求证：2DE AE BE =；（Ⅱ）若直线EF 与⊙O 相切于点F ，且4EF =，2EA =，求线段AC 的长．（23）（本小题满分10分）选修4－4：坐标系与参数方程在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，以坐标原点O 为极点，x 轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系，曲线C 的极坐标方程为θρsin 2=，[)0,2θ∈π. （Ⅰ）求曲线C 的直角坐标方程；（Ⅱ）在曲线C 上求一点D ，使它到直线l：32x y t ⎧=⎪⎨=-+⎪⎩（t 为参数，t ∈R ）的距离最短，并求出点D 的直角坐标.（24）（本小题满分10分）选修4－5：不等式选讲设函数()f x x x =+-． （Ⅰ）当1a =时，求不等式()12f x ≥的解集； （Ⅱ）若对任意[]0,1a ∈，不等式()f x b ≥的解集为空集，求实数b 的取值范围．6绝密 ★ 启用前2016年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）理科数学试题答案及评分参考评分说明:1．本解答给出了一种或几种解法供参考，如果考生的解法与本解答不同，可根据试题的主要考查内容比照评分参考制订相应的评分细则．2．对计算题，当考生的解答在某一步出现错误时，如果后继部分的解答未改变该题的内容和难度，可视影响的程度决定后继部分的给分，但不得超过该部分正确解答应得分数的一半；如果后继部分的解答有较严重的错误，就不再给分．3．解答右端所注分数，表示考生正确做到这一步应得的累加分数． 4．只给整数分数．选择题不给中间分． 一．选择题（1）D （2）D （3）C （4）B （5）C （6）A （7）A （8）A（9）D（10）B（11）A（12）B二．填空题（13）43（14）12（15）40- （16）2（1）已知集合{}1A x x =<，{}20B x x x =-≤，则AB =（A ）{}11x x -≤≤ （B ）{}01x x ≤≤ （C ）{}01x x <≤ （D ）{}01x x ≤< 【答案】D【解析】{}()1=1,1A x x =<-，{}[]200,1B x x x =-≤=，所以AB =[)0,1（2）已知复数3i1iz +=-，其中i 为虚数单位，则复数z 的共轭复数z 所对应的点在 （A ）第一象限 （B ）第二象限 （C ）第三象限 （D ）第四象限 【答案】D 【解析】3i (3i)(1i)2412,121i (1i)(1i)2iz i z i ++++====+=---+，所以z 所对应的点在第四象限 （3）执行如图所示的程序框图，如果输入3x =，则输出k 的值为（A ）6 （B ）8 （C ）10 （D ）12 【答案】C7【解析】23x x =+ 9 21 45 93 192>100 2k k =+ 2 4 6 8 10 （4）如果函数()sin 6f x x ωπ⎛⎫=+⎪⎝⎭()0ω>的相邻两个零点之间的距离为6π，则ω的值为 （A ）3 （B ）6 （C ）12 （D ）24 【答案】B【解析】26263T T πππωω=⇒==⇒= （5）设等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，且271224a a a ++=，则13S =（A ）52 （B ）78 （C ）104 （D ）208 【答案】C【解析】2712772438a a a a a ++==⇒=,11313713()131381042a a S a +===⨯=（6）如果1P ，2P ，…，n P 是抛物线C ：24y x =上的点，它们的横坐标依次为1x ，2x ，…，n x ，F是抛物线C 的焦点，若1210n x x x +++=，则12n PF P F P F +++=（A ）10n + （B ）20n + （C ）210n + （D ）220n + 【答案】A【解析】由24y x =知准线为1x =-，由定义知，1212(1)(1)(1)n n PF P F P F x x x +++=+++++12()10n x x x n n =++++=+（7）在梯形ABCD 中，AD BC ，已知4AD =，6BC =，若CD mBA nBC =+(),m n ∈R ，则mn= （A ）3- （B ）13-（C ）13（D ）3 【答案】A【解析】过A 作AE//CD ，交BC 于E ，则BE=2，CE=4， 所以2163mBA nBC CD EA EB BA BC BA BC BA +===+=-+=-+，所以1313m n ==-- （8）设实数x ，y 满足约束条件10,10,1x y x y x --≤⎧⎪+-≤⎨⎪≥-⎩， 则()222x y ++的取值范围是（A ）1,172⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦ （B ）[]1,17 （C ）⎡⎣（D ）⎣ 【答案】A8【解析】可行域是封闭三角形区域，设()2222x y r ++=，过点(1,2)-时， 最大值为()222(1)2211617r =-++=+=；当圆与直线10x y --=相切时，最小为212r r ==⇒=，所以()222x y ++的取值范围是1,172⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦（9）一个六棱柱的底面是正六边形，侧棱垂直于底面，所有棱的长都为1，顶点都在同一个球面上，则该球的体积为（A ）20π （B（C ）5π （D【答案】D【解析】由题意知正六边形外接圆半径1r =，其高1h =，所以球半径为R ===所以球的体积为34433V R π=== （10）已知下列四个命题：1p ：若直线l 和平面α内的无数条直线垂直，则l α⊥； 2p ：若()22x x f x -=-，则x ∀∈R ，()()f x f x -=-；3p ：若()11f x x x =++，则()00,x ∃∈+∞，()01f x =； 4p ：在△ABC 中，若A B >，则sin sin A B >．其中真命题的个数是（A ）1 （B ）2 （C ）3 （D ）4【答案】B【解析】1p ：若直线l 和平面α内的无数条直线垂直，则l α⊥或l α⊂或//l α，1p 错；2p ：()22x xf x --=-，()(22)22x x x xf x ---=--=-，2p 对。

2016年广州市普通高中毕业班模拟考试理科综合能力测试2016.01 注意事项：1. 本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。

答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用铅笔在答题卡上的相应位置填涂考生号。

2. 回答第I卷时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

写在本试卷上无效。

3. 回答第II卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

4. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

可能用到的相对原子质量：H-1 C-12 O-16 Na-23 Mg-24 S-32 Cr-52 Fe-56 Br-80第Ⅰ卷一、选择题：本题共13小题，每小题6分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1．以下关于叶绿体与线粒体的叙述，不正确．．．的是A．都有较大的膜面积，有利于代谢高效进行B．都需要以水作为代谢的原料C．都含有DNA和RNAD．都能生成ATP并为各项生命活动直接提供能量2．下列对果蝇某基因的叙述，正确的是A．在复制时，不会出现差错B．一条脱氧核苷酸链中，相邻的A、T碱基均以氢键连接C．全部碱基中，若C占30％，则A占20%D．转录出的mRNA只能指导一条肽链的合成3．右图是甲、乙两种单基因遗传病的家系图（不考虑基因突变）。

下列分析合理的是A．乙病在人群中的发病率与在该家系中的发病率相同B．乙病是伴X染色体显性遗传病C．Ⅲ7不可能含有来源于Ⅰ2的甲病基因D．Ⅰ1和Ⅰ2均是杂合子4．下列有关人体细胞生命历程的叙述, 不正确．．．的是A．细胞凋亡是基因所决定的细胞自动结束生命的过程B．造血干细胞的分化程度比胚胎干细胞的分化程度高C．衰老个体中，细胞都处于衰老状态D．在适宜条件下，癌变细胞能无限增殖5．下列有关生物变异的叙述，不合理．．．的是A．基因突变会导致遗传信息的改变B．染色体变异在光学显微镜下可观察到C．可遗传的变异可为生物进化提供原材料D．非同源染色体上的非等位基因才能重组6．下列可“双向”进行的是A．金丝雀虉草的胚芽鞘中生长素的极性运输B．缩手反射时兴奋在神经元间的传递C．人体血浆和组织液间的物质转移D．草原生态系统中狼和兔子间的能量流动7．化学与社会、生活密切相关。

2016年广州一模理综 物理试卷（含答案）第Ⅰ卷二、选择题：本题共8小题，每小题6分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，第14～18题只有一项符合题目要求，第19～21题有多项符合题目要求。

全部选对的得6分，选对但不全的得3分，有选错的得0分。

14．物理学史上是哪位科学家、由于哪项贡献而人们称为“能称出地球质量的人” A ．阿基米德，发现了杠杆原理 B ．牛顿，发现了万有引力定律 C ．伽利略，测出了重力加速度的值 D ．卡文迪许，测出了万有引力常量 15．不计重力的两个带电粒子M 和N 沿同一方向经小孔S 垂直进入匀强磁场，在磁场中的径迹如图。

分别用v M 与v N ， t M 与t N ，M Mm q 与NN m q 表示它们的速率、在磁场中运动的时间、荷质比，则A ．如果M M m q =NNm q ，则v M ＞ v N B ．如果M M m q =NNm q ，则t M ＜ t N C ．如果v M = v N ，则M Mm q ＞N N m q D ．如果t M = t N ，则M Mm q ＞NN m q 16．如图a ，理想变压器原、副线圈的匝数比为2∶1，与副线圈相连的两个灯泡完全相 同、电表都为理想电表。

原线圈接上如图b 所示的正弦交流电，电路正常工作。

闭合开关后，A ．电压表示数增大B ．电流表示数增大C ．变压器的输入功率增大D ．经过灯泡的电流频率为25 Hz17．如图，窗子上、下沿间的高度H=1.6m ，墙的厚度d=0.4m ，某人在离墙壁距离L=1.4m 、距窗子上沿h=0.2m 处的P 点，将可视为质点的小物件以v 的速度水平抛出，小物件直接穿过窗口并落在水平地面上，取g=10m/s 2。

则v 的取值范围是A ．7>v m/sB ．32.v <m/sC ．7m/s m/s 3<<vD ．3m/s m/s 32<<v .abοοAV k~NSL h Hdv P18．电梯经过启动、匀速运行和制动三个过程，从低楼层到达高楼层，启动和制动可看作是匀变速直线运动。

2016年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）理综化学参考答案7、B 8、A 9、C 10、D 11、C 12、B 13、D26．（14分）（1）①AB （2分） ②abef （4分）③空气中的O 2能氧化H 2SO 3，使SO 2利用率下降。

（1分）（2）水、盐酸酸化的BaCl 2溶液、乙醇（3分）（3）向少量NiSO 4溶液中滴加几滴Na 2CO 3溶液，生成浅绿色沉淀，再滴加足量MnSO 4溶液，沉淀变成白色。

（其他合理答案也给分）（2分）（4）用pH 计测量Na 2SO 4溶液的pH 大于7（其他合理答案也给分）（2分）27．（14分）（1）+3（1分）（2）反应池中锌与盐酸反应有H 2生成（1分）（3）KClO 3+3H 3AsO 3＝KCl+3H 3AsO 4（或2FeCl 3+H 3AsO 3+H 2O ＝2FeCl 2+H 3AsO 4+2HCl ）KClO 3+6FeCl 2+6HCl ＝6FeCl 3+KCl+3H 2O （各2分，共4分） FeAsO 4、Fe(OH)3（各1分，共2分）（4）KCl （2分） 用H 2O 2（或Cl 2）代替KClO 3（2分）（5）Zn 2++2e —＝Zn （2分）28．（15分）（1）N 2+3H 2 催化剂 高温高压 2NH 3（1分）（2）+180（1分） N 2分子中化学键很稳定，反应需要很高的活化能（1分）（3）①B （2分）②66.7%（1分） 66.7（1分）（2分） ③0.6V （2分）（4）变浅（1分）活塞固定时2NO 22O 4(g)已达平衡状态，因反应是放热反应，放置时气体温度下降，平衡向正反应方向移动，NO 2浓度降低。

（3分） ＝＝ 0.06(kPa)－1 p (N 2O 4) p 2(NO 2) 100kPa ×66.7% [100kPa ×（1－66.7%）] 236．[化学——选修2：化学与技术]（15分）（1）①2Ag 2Te+3O 2＝2Ag 2O+2TeO 2（2分）②用压缩机加压（2分）（2）过滤（1分）（3）CuSO 4（2分）（4）Cu 2++2e —＝Cu （2分） （5）①TeOSO 4+2SO 2+3H 2O ＝Te+3H 2SO 4（2分）②NaCl 比KI 价格便宜（2分）③98.5%（2分）37．[化学——选修3：物质结构与性质]（15分）（1）2CuO+Cu 2S 高温4Cu+SO 2↑ （2分）（2）ⅥA （1分） 两者均为分子晶体且结构相似，H 2Te 相对分子质量比H 2S 大，分子间作用力更强 （1分） 两者均为分子晶体，H 2O 分子中存在氢键（1分）（3）①AD （2分） ② sp 3（1分）（4）①1（2分） ②Cu(OH)2+2OH －＝[Cu(OH)4]2－（2分） （5）4（1分）（2分）38．[化学——选修5：有机化学基础]（15分）（1）（1分）（2）碳碳双键（1分） 10（1分）（3）取代反应（1分） 加成反应（1分）（4）（2分）（5）15（2分） （2分）（6）（4分）CH ＝CH 2 C ≡CHCHBrCH2Br CH 3－CH 3－ －I —C ≡C ——CH 3 －C 2H 5 + 2KOH 乙醇 △ C 2H 5－ －CHBrCH 2Br C 2H 5－ －C ≡CH + 2KBr + 2H 2OCH － －CHOH 3C H 3C4×184g·mol －1 (0.524×10－7cm)2×1.032×10－7cm×6.02×1023mol －1 ＝4.31 g·cm －3。