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Notes & Grammar of 8A
Notes for Reading of Unit 3
1. deal with trouble
1) deal with … : handle (处理，应付，对待) a problem or person;
look after something and do what is necessary; deal – dealt – dealt
(1) deal with sb. 对待/对付某人 e.g. He is naughty. Nobody knows how to deal with him.
(2) deal with sth. 处理/应付问题
e.g. Do you know how to deal with the trouble / the case?
◊deal (n.) a great deal of +不可数名词大量的 e.g. a great deal of time 大量的时间
(v.&n.) 交易，协议 e.g. We have done a deal with him. 我们已经和他做了一个协议/做一笔生意。
◊ dealer n. 商人 a drug dealer 毒品贩子
2) trouble : problem, difficulty or worry 问题；困难What’s the trouble / the matter / wrong with you?
◊ (be) in trouble 处于困难中
◊ have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
◊ troublesome (adj.) 麻烦的；困难的；讨厌的
2. Paul is writing about an unusual thing which happened to him one day.
保罗正在写(关于)某天发生在他身上的一件不同寻常的事情。
1) write about … 写有关于……
2) happen (不及物动词)
(1) (sb.) happen to do sth. (某人)碰巧去做某事（否定：happen not to do sth. 或do not happen to do sth.)
e.g. ①Paul happened to meet an old friend in the bookstore yesterday.
②I didn’t happen to have any time then. (那时我碰巧没有时间。)
= I happened not to have any time then.
= I happened to have no time then.
(2) (sth.) happen to sb. (某事)碰巧发生在某人身上
e.g. ①You look very sad. What has happened to you? 你看上去很难过。发生了什么事？
②I hope nothing has happened to my friend. 我希望我的朋友不会遇到什么不测。
比较―happen‖和―take place‖:
(1) 发生take place （事先计划/安排好的）= happen （偶然遇到/遭到）
(2) 举行take place = be held e.g. The concert will take place next Sunday. =will be held
3) unusual (元音开头adj.): strange or uncommon 特别的；不寻常的
→usual (辅音开头adj.) 通常的
→(un)usually (adv.)(不)寻常的；(不)通常的
4) one day (将来/过去)某一天some day (将来)某一天
3. Today my dad and I were waiting for the ferry when suddenly we heard a big argument.
1) wait – waited – waited – waiting
◊waiter / waitress
◊wait for … 等待/等候……wait to do … 等待/等候去做……
2) suddenly (adv.): all at once 突然间；突然地◊ sudden (adj.) 突然的
3) hear – heard – heard (感官动词)听见，听到
表示动作过程的词语: listen to 听…… look for 寻找…… look at 看……
表示动作结果的词语: hear 听到/见…… find 找到…… see 看到/见……
◊ hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事
hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事(全过程)/经常做某事
◊ hear from sb. = receive / get a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信
4) argument (可数n.) angry talk between people with different ideas 争吵；争论；争辩
have an argument about sth. with sb. 和某人争吵有关于……
◊ argue (v.) : talk angrily; quarrel 争论；争吵；争辩
argued – argued – arguing argue about sth. with sb.（提示：―—ue‖结尾变形时要去―e‖，你还记得吗？）5) when
(1) 作特殊疑问词：何时；什么时候
(2) 作conj.连词：
①在那时候（本句中用法）= and at that time ②当……时候（可能会用―主一将，从一现‖）
4. Two women tourists and a young man were shouting at each other.
1) women tourists ◊ (单数) a woman tourist
man和woman修饰其它名词时变复数时，需要同时变复数。e.g. a man driver ◊ (pl.复数) men drivers
2) shout at … 冲……叫喊；冲……嚷嚷shout back at … 冲……回嚷
3) each other 互相；彼此（两者之间）
one another 互相；彼此（≥3 之间）两个短语的所有格都在短语后加―’S‖，互相的，彼此的。
5. The man held out a bag, and showed everyone that it was empty.
1) hold – held – held 握；持有；容纳；举行(= have)
catch / take hold of 抓住
hold out （动副结构）递出东西；伸出手（或胳膊）hold up （动副结构）举起
hold on 请稍等（可用于打电话中）
2) show – showed – shown show sb. sth. ◊ show sth. to sb. 将……给某人看
句中―… that it was empty‖是that引导陈述句作―宾语从句‖，引导词―that‖可以省去。
3) empty (v. & adj.) 将……倒空；空的◊ adj.反义词full
6. The crowd stared at the three people. No one knew what was happening.
1) crowd : (n.) lots of people together 人群；观众(v.) 拥挤；群集
the crowd 人群（复数含义） a crowd of + 可复
……
◊ crowded (adj.) 拥挤的be crowded with … 挤满……be filled with … 装满/充满…be full of …
2) stare at … 盯着…….看；凝视……
glare at … 怒视……stare out of window 凝视着窗外
look at … 看……look out of window 朝窗外看
3) no one (不定代词) = nobody
4) know – knew – known 知道……；认识……know about … 了解……
句中―what was happening‖作knew的―宾语从句‖。
7. My dad moved throu gh the crowd and said quietly to one of the women, ―What’s going on?‖
1) quietly (adv.) 小声地；安静地；悄悄地◊ (反义) loudly 大声地◊ quiet (adj.) 安静的
2) go on ①= happen 发生(本句中意思)
②继续go on doing sth. (不间断地)继续做某事= continue doing sth.
go on to do sth. (有间断地)继续做某事= continue to do sth.
go on with sth. 继续(做)某事
3) say – said – said say sth. to sb. 对某人说……
4) move through … 在……中穿梭
e.g. Cars move slowly through the traffic jams. 车辆缓慢穿梭在交通堵塞中。
through (prep.) (从……里)穿过……across (prep. & adv.) (从……上)穿过……
e.g. through the gate / the tunnel / the forest / the window / the peephole across the square / the river / the street
另外，through the night 彻夜through his father 通过他的父亲(帮助)
区别：throughout …
= all over … 遍及/遍布……
8. steal – stole – stolen (v.) 偷steal sth. from sb. / sp. 从某人/某地偷……
across
