2021高考英语一轮统考复习第一编Book4Unit12CultureShock课时作业(含解析)北师大版
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- 1 - Unit 12 Culture Shock
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2019·北大附中高考英语模拟试卷(3月份))
Baths in Japan
In many western countries people do not bathe (沐浴) every day. Sometimes they
bathe only once a week. Sometimes they bathe two or three times a week. They do
not bathe often because the weather is cold or because hot water is expensive. They
use electricity or wood to boil the water. Electricity and wood cost a lot of money.
In cold countries people usually do not feel they are dirty if they do not have a
bath.
In Japan people bathe very often. Most people have a bath every day. When the
weather is hot they sometimes have two or three baths a day. They bathe in very hot
water. Usually the water is almost boiling. They believe that these very hot baths
also stop them from falling ill.
Each house has its own bathroom but there are also big bathhouses for everybody.
They are found everywhere in Japan. In the bathhouse there is one part for men and
one part for women. The bath is usually three meters wide, three meters long and
about one meter deep: halfway down there is a narrow (狭窄的) seat that goes all the
way around the bath. Many people use the bath but it is not dirty. Before a person
gets into the big bath, they wash themselves first, and then get into the big bath.
The person stays there for a short time. When they get out of the bath, they wash
their body with soap and water. After the soap is all washed away, the person gets
into the big bath again. Soap is not used in the big bath.
The water in the big bath is changed quite often. The water is also very hot.
In some places people hit the water with sticks first. They do this to make the water
cooler. Then the men get into the bath very slowly and carefully. When a man gets
into a bath, he says. “Excuse me.” He does this because most of the hot water comes
directly out of the ground. In other places people boil the water with a big fire.
In a small bath at home sometimes people light a fire under the bath. When the water
is hot, people in the family take a bath one by one.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。在许多西方国家，人们不经常洗澡，因为天气寒冷或热水很贵。但在日本，人们几乎每天都会洗澡，并且认为水越热越好。
1.Which of the following is not true about baths？ - 2 - A.Taking baths can help people relax themselves.
B.Taking baths can refresh people.
C.Taking baths can keep people clean.
D.Taking baths can make people nervous.
答案：D 细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，洗澡可以帮助人们放松自己，可以让人焕然一新，可以让人们保持清洁。故不正确的选项为D。
2.What do people use to boil water in many western countries？
A.Electricity. B．Gas.
C.Coal. D．Straw.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第三句“They use electricity or wood to boil
the water.”可知，在许多西方国家，人们用电来烧水。故选A。
3.What is the size of a public bath？
A.Three meters long, three meters wide and about three meters deep.
B.Three meters long, one meter wide and about three meters deep.
C.Three meters long, three meters wide and about one meter deep.
D.One meter long, three meters wide and about three meters deep.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第三段第四句中的“The bath is usually three meters wide,
three meters long and about one meter deep”可知，公共浴池的大小是三米长，三米宽，约一米深。故选C。
B
(2020·安徽省六安市毛坦厂中学东城校区高三模拟)
Pacing and Pausing
Sara tried to befriend her old friend Steve's new wife, but Betty never seemed
to have anything to say. While Sara felt Betty didn't hold up her end of the
conversation, Betty complained to Steve that Sara never gave her a chance to talk.
The problem had to do with expectations about pacing and pausing.
Conversation is a turntaking game. When our habits are similar, there's no problem.
But if our habits are different, you may start to talk before I'm finished or fail
to take your turn when I'm finished. That's what was happening with Betty and Sara.
It may not be coincidental that Betty, who expected relatively longer pauses
between turns, is British, and Sara, who expected relatively shorter pauses, is
American. Betty often felt interrupted by Sara. But Betty herself became an
interrupter and found herself doing most of the talking when she met a visitor from
Finland. And Sara had a hard time cutting in on some speakers from Latin America or - 3 - Israel.
The general phenomenon, then, is that the small conversation techniques, like
pacing and pausing, lead people to draw conclusions not about conversational style
but about personality and abilities. These habitual differences are often the basis
for dangerous stereotyping (思维定势). And these social phenomena can have very
personal consequences. For example, a woman from the southwestern part of the US went
to live in an eastern city to take up a job in personnel. When the Personnel Department
got together for meetings, she kept searching for the right time to break in—and
never found it. Although back home she was considered outgoing and confident, in
Washington she was viewed as shy and retiring. When she was evaluated at the end of
