从经济学角度看大学生就业难问题

目录

目录 ........................................................................................................................................................................... I

摘要 ........................................................................................................................................................................ II

1我国大学生就业现状 ................................................................................................................................ 1

1.1 我国大学生就业形势 ............................................................................................................................ 1

1.2大学生就业难的表现特征 ..................................................................................................................... 1

1.2.1难在初次就业率越来越低 ..................................................................................................................... 1

1.2.2 难在毕业生工作不稳定 ........................................................................................................................ 2

1.2.3难在找不到理想的工作 ......................................................................................................................... 2

1.2.4难在高职专科生的就业 ......................................................................................................................... 2

2大学生就业难的经济学分析 ............................................................................................................... 3

2.1总体劳动力市场的供求失衡 ................................................................................................................. 3

2.2高校学科专业结构性矛盾。.................................................................................................................. 3

2.3高等教育投资收益率下降 ..................................................................................................................... 4

2.4大学生人力资本产权未得到充分保障 .............................................................................................. 4

2.5经济增长的就业弹性对就业吸纳能力有差异 ............................................................................... 4

2.6大学生自愿失业是理性选择 ................................................................................................................. 5

3从经济学角度探析解决大学生就业难的策略 ......................................................................... 5

3.1调整专业结构和人才培养模式 ............................................................................................................ 5

3.2调整产业结构，改变就业结构，增加就业数量。 ...................................................................... 5

3.3支持中小企业的发展，增加就业岗位。 ......................................................................................... 6

3.4加大政府的财政投入，实行积极的劳动力市场政策。 ............................................................ 6

3.5加强职业培训，提高劳动者竞争力。 .............................................................................................. 6

4结语 ....................................................................................................................................................................... 6

参考文献 ................................................................................................................................................................ 8 从经济学角度看大学生就业难问题

摘要： 我国自1999年大学开始扩招以来，大学生就业问题日趋严峻，大学毕业生初次就业率日趋下降，大学毕业生就业形势不容乐观，受到了社会各界的普遍关注。本文综合各方观点，从经济学角度对大学生就业问题的性质进行了分析，以期望对大学生就业问题形成较为清晰的认识。从经济学角度来看，体现在总体劳动力市场供求失衡、高等教育的有效供给不足与结构性失衡、高等教育投资收益率与预期收益率的差异、经济增长的就业弹性对就业吸纳能力差异以及大学生的自愿失业选择等，并且从经济学角度对解决大学生就业难的策略进行了简要阐述。

关键词：大学生 就业难 经济学分析 对策

Abstract：The university began to expand employing since 1999 in our country, the

problem of university student in employment was becoming serious day by day, the rate of

graduate's first employment allows of no optimism, which have received the general concerns

of the various circles of society. This thesis synthesizes the views of each side in the society, and

has analyzed the properties of university student’s employment question in terms of economics,

so as to expecte to form a relatively dear upstanding for the problem about university student’s

employment. Looking from the viewpoint of economics, it is reflected on these five pochts. First,

the unbalanced relation between supply and demand in the overall market of labor; Second, the

high-education is in short of effective support and it has an unbalanced structure; third, the

different incoming rate between investment and expectation of the high-education; forth, the

employing elasticity of economic increscent is in view of the competent difference of employing

and the choice of the college student who wants to be out os job, etc…… Moreover, this paper