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单考英语考研阅读理解高分特训100篇(科普科技类 上)【圣才出品】

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单考英语考研阅读理解高分特训100篇科普科技类（Passage23—33）Passage23字数：436You are what you eat,or so the saying goes.But a new generation of molecular biologists is starting to give that old adage a decidedly high-tech twist.By combining the latest discoveries in human genetics with a deeper understanding of the hundreds of compounds found in food,investigators have begun to tease apart some of the more complex interactions between your diet and your DNA.In the process,they hope eventually to give consumers more personalized advice about what to eat and drink to stave off heart disease,cancer and other chronic conditions of aging.“We are trying to put more science behind the nutrition,”says Jose Cordovans,a geneticist at the Friedman School of Nutrition at Tufts.Do you drink three cups or more of coffee a day?Genetic tests can now determine whether you—like approximately10%to20%of the population—have a specific genetic variation that makes it harder for your body to absorb calcium in the presence of caffeine,thus increasing your rate of bone loss.This area of research is so new,there’s still a bit of a debate over what exactly to call it.Nutritional genetics?Nutritional genomic?Nutrigenomics?But by any name,the field is growing fast.Indeed,some start-up companies simply aren’t waiting for all the scientific mysteries and subtleties to be worked out and have begun to offer tests for a limited number of gene-nutrient interactions directly toconsumers.None of those genetic variations are immediately life threatening.In fact,most of them have no apparent effect.The variants are not like the mutations most of US learned about in school—alterations that cause entire genes or series of genes to malfunction and that result in diseases like sickle-cell anemia and cystic fibrosis. Instead the changes nutritional geneticists are looking for are more like normal variations in the correct spelling of a word—say,theatre or theater,depending on whether you speak the Queen’s English or American.Researchers now have a good reference guide for the25,000or so genes of the human genome and the more than3million common variants that lurk within those genes.They still need to figure out how all those genetic variables relate to health and disease.Add the fact that food is full of hundreds of bioactive compounds,each of which varies depending on where plants are grown or animals are raised,and you’ve got quite a lot of information to puzzle out.In the end,you’ll probably find out you still need to eat your broccoli.But at least you’ll have a better understanding of why.【文章大意】文章首段指出现在科学家开始利用现代技术找出饮食和疾病之间的关系。

第二段举喝咖啡可能会导致骨质流失为例来说明基因测试能实现的功能。

第三段该研究领域仍存在争议，但一些公司却迫不及待的向用户提供这种服务。

第四段这些基因变化不会威胁到生命，科学家希望找到的是能够在正常范围内的变化。

最后一段科学家现在已有一定的参考资料，但仍需找出基因的变化是如何与疾病和健康相连的。

研究的结果可能不会对生活产生太大改变，但至少我们会知道为什么要这样做。

1.The aim of the new research is to______.[A]find nutritious food[B]analyze personal DNA[C]make a person’s diet fit his genes[D]make more discoveries2.If you are among the population who has a specific genetic variation mentioned in paragraph2,you’d better______.[A]drink more coffee[B]not drink tea[C]drink more coco cola[D]not drink milk3.Which is NOT true about gene-nutrient research?[A]It’s very new.[B]It’s developing very fast.[C]Many companies have begun business in this field.[D]The field is touched by only scientists.4.Why does the writer use the example of different spellings of the word theater?[A]To show that word can be spelt in different ways.[B]To illustrate that the normal genetic variations have no obvious damage.[C]To show the difference between British English and American English.[D]To indicate that genes are just like words.5.According to the passage,before we have a better understanding of why we need to eat broccoli,______.[A]we have genes tested[B]we need to know plenty of information[C]scientists still have lots of work to do[D]we should know more about the food【答案与解析】1.C细节题。

文中第一段指出“investigators have begun to tease apart some of themore complex interactions between your diet and your DNA”。

也就是说，这项研究目的是研究饮食与DNA(即基因)之间的关系，使之更好搭配，有助于人类健康。

2.B细节题。

文中第二段指出“在有咖啡因存在的情况下，由于这种基因变异，你很难吸收得到钙，”而咖啡因主要存在与咖啡和茶内，所以发生这种基因变异的人也最好不要喝茶。

3.B由“Indeed,some start up companies…to offer tests for a limited number ofgene-nutrient interactions directly to consumers”可排除C项，而且明确指出D项是不符合文义的。

4.B细节题。

文章倒数第二段最后一句的意思是“营养学家发现：基因变异并不是以前所认为的那样，会造成重大疾病，而是一些常规变异，就好像“剧院”这个词在英文中有两种拼写方法一样，取决于具体情况。

”由此判断B项正确。

5.C细节题。

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《单考英语考研高分范文100篇》-大作文写作高分范文80篇(圣才出品)

《单考英语考研高分范文100篇》-大作文写作高分范文80篇(圣才出品)

第3章大作文写作高分范文80篇◆社会热点类21.减轻压力的方法Ways to Alleviate StressDirections:Write on the following topic.The pace of life nowadays is much faster than it was in the past and there is plenty of evidence to show that this causes people a lot of stress.What are some ways of alleviating stress?Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.Write your article in about160words in an appropriate style.【参考范文】Ways to Alleviate StressNowadays,the pace of life is much faster than it was in the past,modern people are facing various pressures,such as the high-priced house,the expensive health-care cost and the increasingly wide gap between the rich and the poor.In the increasingly stressed times in which we live,we should try to find ways relax ourselves for the sake of health and to reduce and minimize,unnecessary tension in our life.Here are some tips.First of all,download cheerful music to reassure your tired heart.According to some surveys,music plays a great role in comforting people and keeping people ina good mood.Second,take exercises regularly.Doing exercises is conducive to building up a good physique and energizing your body.Being energetic,you can handle with the plight of life strongly.Last but not the least,share your worries and stress with your friends.Through communicating with others,you may find that everyone has his own difficulties and everyone is striving with great efforts toward a better life.Yes,you are not alone,it is no big deal.What you need to do is to pluck up your courage to face them directly.【范文点评】当今社会生活节奏越来越快，人们面对的压力也日益增多，很多人都在寻求释放压力的办法。

雅思阅读理解高分特训100篇【命题分析+答题攻略+强化训练】（1-2节）【圣才出品】

雅思阅读理解高分特训100篇【命题分析+答题攻略+强化训练】（1-2节）【圣才出品】

雅思阅读理解高分特训100篇【命题分析+答题攻略+强化训练】（1-2节）【圣才出品】第1节雅思阅读判断题（Reading Passage1-20）◆Reading Passage1People and Organizations:The Selection IssueIn1991,according to the Department of Trade and Industry,a record48000British companies went out of business.When businesses fail,the post-mortem analysis is traditionally undertaken by accountants and market strategists.Unarguably organizations do fail because of undercapitalization,poor financial management, adverse market conditions etc.Yet,conversely,organizations with sound financial backing,good product ideas and market acumen often underperform and fail to meet shareholders’expectations.The complexity,degree and sustainment of organizational performance requires an explanation which goes beyond the balance sheet and the“paper conversion”of financial inputs into profit making outputs.A more complete explanation of“what went wrong”necessarily must consider the essence of what an organization actually is and that one of the financial inputs,the most important and often the most expensive,is people.An organization is only as good as the people it employs.Selecting the right person for the job involves more than identifying the essential or desirable range of skills, educational and professional qualifications necessary to perform the job and then recruiting the candidate who is most likely to possess these skills or at least isperceived to have the ability and predisposition to acquirethem.This is a purely person-skills match approach to selection.Work invariably takes place in the presence and/or under the direction of others,in a particular organizational setting.The individual has to“fit”in with the work environment,with other employees,with the organizational climate,style of work, organization and culture of the organization.Different organizations have different cultures(Cartwright&Cooper,1991;1992).Working as an engineer at British Aerospace will not necessarily be a similar experience to working in the same capacity at GEC or Plessey.Poor selection decisions are expensive.For example,the costs of training a policeman are about ￡20000(/doc/549789468.html,$30000).Th e costs of employing an unsuitable technician on an oil rig or in a nuclear plant could,in an emergency, result in millions of pounds of damage or loss of life.The disharmony of a poor person-environment fit(PE-fit)is likely to result in low job satisfaction,lack of organizational commitment and employee stress,which affect organizational outcomes i.e.productivity,high labor turnover and absenteeism,and individual outcomes i.e.physical,psychological and mental well-being.However,despite the importance of the recruitment decision and the range ofsophisticated and more objective selection techniques available,including the use of psychometric tests,assessment centers etc.,many organizations are still prepared to make this decision on the basis of a single30to45minute unstructured interview.Indeed,research has demonstrated that a selection decision is often made within the first four minutes of the interview.In the remaining time,the interviewer then attendsexclusively to information that reinforces the initial“accept”or“reject”decision.Research into the validity of selection methods has consistently demonstrated that the unstructured interview, where the interviewer asks any questions he or she likes,is a poor predictor of future job performance and fares little better than more controversial methods like graphology and astrology.In times of high unemployment,recruitment becomes a “buyer’s market”and this was the case in Britain during the1980s.The future,we are told,is likely to be different.Detailed surveys of social and economic trends in the European Community show that Europe’s population is falling and getting older.The birth rate in the Community is now only three-quarters of the level needed to ensure replacement of the existing population.By the year2020,it is predicted that more than one in four Europeans will be aged60or more and barely one in five will be under20.In a five-year period between1983and1988the Community’s female workforce grew by almost six million.As a result,51%of all women aged14to64are now economically active in the labor market compared with78%of men.The changing demographics will not only affect selection ratios.They will also make it increasingly important for organizations wishing to maintain their competitive edge to be more responsive and accommodating to the changing needs of their workforce if they are to retain and develop their human resources.More flexible working hours,the opportunity to work from home or job share,the provision of childcare facilities etc.,will play a major role in attracting and retaining staff in the future.Questions1-7Do the following statements agree with the views of the writer in the Reading Passage above?WriteYES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writerNO if the statement does not agree with the claims of the writer NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the wrier thinks about this/doc/549789468.html,anizations should recognize that their employees are a significant part of their financial assets.2.Engineers do not have to fit in with the environment of a new organization.3.Open-structured45minutes interviews are the best method to identify suitableemployees.4.The rise in the female workforce in the European Community is a positive trend.5.Astrology is a good predictor of future job performance.6.In the future,the number of people in employable age groups will decline.7.In2020,the percentage of the population under20will be smaller than now.『长难句分析』·Selecting the right person for the job involves more than identifying the essential or desirable range of skills,educational and professional qualifications necessary to perform the job and then recruiting the candidate who is most likely to possess these skills or at least is perceived to have the ability and predisposition to acquire them.分析：动名词短语Selecting the right person for the job做主语，谓语是involves，其中of skills,educational and professionalqualifications necessary to perform the job修饰名词range，而who is most likely to…to acquire them是candidate 的定语从句。

单考英语考研翻译高分特训(汉译英段落翻译高分特训 科普科技类)【圣才出品】

单考英语考研翻译高分特训(汉译英段落翻译高分特训 科普科技类)【圣才出品】

◆科普科技类Practice13各种设备上运行的强大软件、网络上的各类服务以及通过互联网获得的庞大存储空间，这一切合在一起，就意味着你可以即时获取你所有的信息。

不用多久，您就可以利用手头的任何设备一一无论是电脑、手机、电视机、掌上游戏机还是音乐播放器一一调出您所创建和存储的任何文档或媒体文件。

您的个性化设定、联系人、日历和应用程序都唾手可得.而信息呈现的面貌都会自动调整成最适合您所用设备的方式。

【参考译文】This combination of powerful software running on devices,services running on the Web and huge amounts of storage available via the Internet will mean that all of your information will be instantly accessible to you.Soon,you’ll be able to call up any documents or media files that you’ve created or saved,using any device that is at hand—whether it’s a PC,a mobile phone,a TV,a portable game player or a music device.Your preferences,contacts,calendars and applications will be seamlessly available,and the way information is presented will automatically adjust to deliver the best experience for the device you are using.Practice14移动电话正在成为21世纪一个主要的技术领域。

单考英语考研阅读理解高分特训100篇(阅读理解技巧指南)【圣才出品】

单考英语考研阅读理解高分特训100篇(阅读理解技巧指南)【圣才出品】

单考英语考研阅读理解高分特训100篇第1章阅读理解技巧指南1.1考核要求和出题形式1．单考英语阅读理解部分考核要求对于“单考英语”，全国各大院校自主命题，而且各院校的考核要求水平也有差异，所以没有相应的考试大纲来说明其考核要求。

通过分析各大院校的单考英语历年试题，可看出单考英语大致相当于大学公共英语四、六级水平，但从此可看出目前高校对考生单考英语的大体要求，下面根据大学英语四、六级考试大纲以及非英语专业本科生《大学英语课程教学要求》，对“单考英语”的阅读方面考核要求归纳如下：阅读方面，要求考生既能理解个别句子的意义，也能理解上下文的逻辑关系；既理解字面的意思，也能理解隐含的意思；既理解事实和细节，也能理解所读材料的主旨和大意；能就文章的内容进行判断、推理和信息转换。

选材的原则是：（1）题材广泛，可以包括人物传记、社会、文化等方面，但是所涉及的背景知识应能为学生所理解；（2）体裁多样，可以包括叙述文、说明文、议论文等；（3）文章语言难度适中，文中无法猜测而又影响理解的关键词，用汉语注明词义。

2．出题形式①要求考生阅读若干篇短文，每篇短文后有若干个问题。

考生应根据文章内容从4个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。

②要求考生阅读一篇短文，短文后有若干个问题。

考生应根据文章内容作出简要回答。

问题多种多样，既可以针对整篇文章，如概括文章主旨大意，也可以对文中的某个观点进行评论，要求简要说明理由等等。

③给出一篇文章，文中一般有5个空白处，空白处可能位于段首、段落中间、段尾，选项部分一般为7段文字，每段可能为一个句子，也可能是两三个句子。

要求考生从选项中选5段文字放回到文章中相应的5个空白处。

（各院校留出的空白处个数并不统一，一般选项部分要比空白处多出几个。

）说明：后面两种出题形式只在个别院校的单考英语中出现过，并不是十分普遍，因此本书主要是针对第一种出题形式的。

1.2解题技巧指南1．阅读理解常见考题分析阅读理解中，常见的考题主要有：主旨题、细节题、推断题和语义题等。