考研英语阅读理解精读篇解析

2010年考研英语(一)阅读 text2精读精讲标题：2010年考研英语(一)阅读 text2精读精讲引言概述：2010年的考研英语(一)阅读部分是考研英语中的重要一环，其中text2是重点内容之一。

本文将对2010年考研英语(一)阅读 text2进行精读精讲，帮助考生更好地理解和应对考试。

正文内容：1. 阅读理解题型1.1 主旨题1.1.1 主旨题是阅读理解题型中的常见题型之一，要求考生从文章中找出最能概括全文主题的选项。

1.1.2 解题技巧：通常主旨题答案会出现在文章的开头或结尾，考生可以通过对文章的整体把握来确定答案。

1.2 细节题1.2.1 细节题要求考生从文章中找出特定的信息或细节。

1.2.2 解题技巧：考生可以通过扫读文章，寻找与题目相关的关键词，然后在相关句子中找到答案。

1.3 推理题1.3.1 推理题要求考生根据文章中的信息进行逻辑推理，判断陈述是否正确。

1.3.2 解题技巧：考生需要仔细阅读文章，并根据文章中的线索进行推理，注意排除干扰选项。

2. 文章结构分析2.1 开头段落2.1.1 开头段落通常会引出文章的主题或背景信息。

2.1.2 解题技巧：考生可以通过阅读开头段落来了解文章的整体结构和主题。

2.2 主体段落2.2.1 主体段落是文章的核心部分，包含了文章的主要内容和观点。

2.2.2 解题技巧：考生需要仔细阅读主体段落，理解作者的观点和论证过程。

2.3 结尾段落2.3.1 结尾段落通常会总结文章的主要观点或提出作者的建议。

2.3.2 解题技巧：考生可以通过阅读结尾段落来了解文章的结论或作者的态度。

3. 阅读技巧3.1 阅读速度3.1.1 快速阅读可以帮助考生抓住文章的大意和主要观点。

3.1.2 解题技巧：考生可以通过快速阅读整篇文章，了解文章的结构和主题，然后再进行细读。

3.2 关键词3.2.1 关键词是文章中的重要信息，可以帮助考生理解文章的主题和细节。

3.2.2 解题技巧：考生可以通过寻找关键词，快速定位文章中的相关信息。

2010年考研英语(一)阅读text 4 精读精讲一、了解2010年考研英语（一）阅读Text 4的文章背景和结构2010年考研英语（一）阅读Text 4是一篇关于科学家研究人类记忆能力的文章。

文章通过介绍一项实验研究，探讨了人类在特定情境下如何形成和巩固记忆，以及性别差异在记忆过程中的作用。

二、分析文章中的关键词和难懂句子1.关键词：记忆、情境、性别差异、实验研究、海马体等。

2.难懂句子：例如，“Their findings suggest that the formation and consolidation of human memory may be more complex than previously thought, and that gender differences play a role in this process.”（他们的研究发现，人类记忆的形成和巩固可能比以前想象的要复杂，而性别差异在这个过程中发挥作用。

）三、提炼文章的主要观点和论述1.文章主要观点：人类记忆的形成和巩固过程可能比之前认为的更复杂，性别差异在其中发挥作用。

2.文章论述：首先介绍了记忆的形成和巩固过程，然后分析了实验研究中男女受试者的表现差异，最后指出性别差异在记忆过程中的作用。

四、给出针对性的解题技巧和策略1.解题技巧：针对此类科学研究类文章，可先了解文章背景，关注实验目的、过程和结果；2.解题策略：在阅读过程中，注意捕捉关键词，以便快速理解文章主旨；同时，关注难懂句子，分析其表达的观点和论述。

五、总结文章的实用点和启示1.实用点：了解人类记忆的形成和巩固过程，以及性别差异在其中的作用；2.启示：认识到记忆研究的复杂性，并在实际生活中关注性别差异在记忆方面的表现，以提高学习和沟通效果。

众所周知，考研是⼈⽣的⼀次重新洗牌和重⼤机遇，⽽在考研的四门课程中，英语成了许多考⽣前进征途上的⼀只凶猛拦路虎和⼗分困难的羁跘与障碍。

详细分析历年考研英语试卷，⼜可以发现主要⽭盾在于阅读（占60％的分数），故可谓：得阅读者得天下。

阅读的60分细分为Part A、Part B 和Part C，其中Part A为四篇阅读理解，占40分，是阅读理解考试中的主战场。

那么，阅读Part A有没有什么技巧呢？ 技巧⼀：看懂 阅读理解其实主要考的是“阅读”之后的“理解”，所以，看得懂乃是第⼀项技巧。

任何⼀篇⽂章，若要能看懂它，⾄少需要两个条件：认识单词和看明⽩句⼦。

单词就像盖房的砖⽡，考研词汇⼤约为5500个，这不是⼀个⼩数字，也并⾮三两天时间可以记住的，所以，考⽣必须先买⼀本考研英语词汇书进⾏系统、长期的学习和记忆。

（推荐《考研英语词汇真题词频语境记忆》，该书打破了传统考研词汇书按字母顺序排序的做法，⽽是采⽤历年真题作为单词出现频率的统计依据，将所有⼤纲单词及超纲单词按照历年真题出现的频率从⾼到低排列，⽽且全部按照考过的不同词义配不同的真题例句，可以使学⽣⽤最少的时间获得的学习效果）。

拿到词汇书之后，⾸先⽤⼤约⼀周的时间把这些单词中你根本不认识的挑出来，如rear，tedious，deteriorate，plausible，jargon，isotope，……，（因为这些单词你可能完全不认识，看到之后两眼漆⿊，所以称之为“⿊”字）。

“⿊”字是阅读的头⼀个障碍，单词不认识，句⼦当然看不懂，所以，消灭“⿊”字是当务之急。

（争取⽤⼀个⽉左右的时间消灭它们！） 考研词汇中，除“⿊”字外，还有⼤量意思⾮常明⽩的所谓“⽩”字，如：able，benefit，culture，space，topic，……。

此类单词可⼀掠⽽过，除“⿊”（完全不认识）和“⽩”（完全明⽩）字两类外，还有许多似会不会的“灰”字，如：treaty，tutor，sample，saddle，fuss，……。

考研英语阅读理解精读100篇（高分版）：UNIT SIXTEXT ONEMaintaining internal E-mail systems has long been the bane of the university information-technology director. Servers are unwieldy and unreliable, and in the past several years, the number of student complaints has grown exponentially as forward-moving providers like YahooMail, Hotmail, and Gmail have increased expectations of what E-mail should offer. The solution for a number of colleges has been to wave the white flag and outsource E-mail hosting to the experts.Microsoft, which owns Hotmail, and Google (Gmail) are the biggest players in the educational E-mail hosting market. Along with the neat-o peripheral gizmos like messaging, calendars, and collaboration tools, the outsourced systems are more stable, have better spam filters, and provide much more storage space than the typical university's in-house system. At the University of Pennsylvania, its old E-mail service gave students 60 megabytes of storage, just 3 percent of the 2 gigabytes Windows Live now provides. In return, Google and Microsoft get almost nothing, at least monetarily and in the short term. Microsoft's Windows Live @ edu and the Google Apps Education Edition are free of charge for schools. Eliminating another source of revenue, the two tech giants stripped their respective services of advertising in an effort to accommodate educators' concerns. Microsoft breaks even on the venture (it does run ads on non-E-mail services like instant messaging), while Google, which makes almost all its money through advertising, runs at a loss.But what money they don't make at the moment will—the companies hope—pay great dividends in the form of lifelong users in the future, says Google's Jeff Kelter. As quickly as they shuffle out of commencement, graduates see their E-mail transition to the traditional ad-based formats of Gmail and Hotmail. And unlike before, when universities couldn't afford to host thousands of alumni, Google and Microsoft can maintain every account indefinitely, retaining customers as long as customers still want them.Not all schools are ready to outsource their tech dirty work, with privacy and security topping the list of concerns. Critics worry that by handing over the responsibility of E-mail hosting, colleges also relinquish the freedom to keep the information safe in the best way they see fit. Even in the corporate world, there is great skepticism of consumer technologies like Google Apps. Yet most university IT managers agree that outsiders would do a better job protecting individual E-mail from viruses and spam than their own small operations, and strong word-of-mouth praise has done wonders to supplement the almost nonexistent marketing budgets for these Microsoft and Google projects.The price tag—or lack of one—isn't a bad sales pitch either. Ramin Sedehi, the vice dean for finance and administration at Penn, says 30 percent of Penn's students already forward their messages to outside clients, and he predicts universities will eventually be out of the E-mail hosting business altogether. Ball State University and the Indiana University Alumni Association are now on Windows Live, and Arizona State University switched to Google Apps in October 2006, already converting at least 40,000 of its 65,000 students to the new system. Penn State University and California Polytechnic State University, to name two, have been in talks, while other schools are watching and waiting.1. The number of student complaints has grown exponentially because_____[A] the school servers are unwieldy and unreliable.[B] the information-technology director is not the expert in providing IT-related assistance.[C] the internal E-mail systems are much more backward than those commercially successful email systems.[D] there are no collaboration tools in the internal E-mail systems.2. Microsoft and Google do not run ads on the E-mail systems for schools because_____[A] they want to cater to the requirements of their clients.[B] they are sponsored by schools and do not need the revenue from ads.[C] they want to build up a unique community with life-long loyalty.[D] they want to maintain the stability of the systems at the present.3. Compared with the universities, the advantage of Goole and Microsoft in hosting accounts of alumni is _____ [A] that they can reserve every account with minimum charge.[B] that they can retain every account at customers’ wish.[C] that they can maintain every account as long as the customers want.[D] that they can keep every account fro free ina long term.4. The two giants persist in providing the E-mail services though they run at a loss because_____[A] they believe they will have good returns from the would-be lifelong users in the future.[B] it is part of their social commitment to return the society through contributing to education.[C] their strategy is to make profit through advertisement to university alumni.[D] they want the students to propagandize for their projects.5. The word “relinquish” (Line 3, Paragraph 4)most probablymeans_____[A] lose.[B] abandon.[C] exchange. [D]waste.文章剖析：这篇文章介绍了大学将自己的电邮系统外包给微软、谷歌等公司。

TEXT 4 It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in California optional.Small wonder.Americans life expectancy has nearly doubled over the past century.Failing hips can be replaced, clinical depression controlled, cataracts removed in a 30-minute surgical procedure.Such advances offer the aging population a quality of life that was unimaginable when I entered medicine 50 years ago.But not even a great health care system can cure death-and our failure to confront that reality now threatens this greatness of ours. Death is normal; we are genetically programmed to disintegrate and perish, even under ideal conditions.We all understand that at some level, yet as medical consumers we treat death as a problem to be solved.Shielded by third party payers from the cost of our care, we demand everything that can possibly be done for us, even if it's useless.The most obvious example is late stage cancer care.Physicians-frustrated by their inability to cure the disease and fearing loss of hope in the patient-too often offer aggressive treatment far beyond what is scientifically justified. In 1950, the US spent ＄12.7 billion on health care. In 2002, the cost will be ＄1540 billion.Anyone can see this trend is unsustainable.Yet few seem willing to try to reverse it.Some scholars conclude that a government with finite resources should simply stop paying for medical care that sustains life beyond a certain age-say 83 or so.Former Colorado governor Richard Lamm has been quoted as saying that the old and infirm "have a duty to die and get out of the way", so that younger, healthier people can realize their potential. I would not go that far.Energetic people now routinely work through their 60s and beyond, and remain dazzlingly productive.At 78, Viacom chairman Sumner Redstone jokingly claims to be 53.Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O Connor is in her 70s, and former surgeon general C.Everett Koop chairs an Internet start up in his 80s.These leaders are living proof that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems that come naturally with age.As a mere 68 year-old, I wish to age as productively as they have. Yet there are limits to what a society can spend in this pursuit.As a physician, I know the most costly and dramatic measures may be ineffective and painful.I also know that people in Japan and Sweden, countries that spend far less on medical care, have achieved longer, healthier lives than we have.As a nation, we may be overfunding the quest for unlikely cures while underfunding research on humbler therapies that could improve people's lives. 56. What is implied in the first sentence? ［A］ Americans are better prepared for death than other people. ［B］ Americans enjoy a higher life quality than ever before. ［C］ Americans are over confident of their medical technology. ［D］ Americans take a vain pride in their long life expectancy. 57. The author uses the example of cancer patients to show that . ［A］ medical resources are often wasted ［B］ doctors are helpless against fatal diseases ［C］ some treatments are too aggressive ［D］ medical costs are becoming unaffordable 58. The author's attitude toward Richard Lamm's remark is one of . ［A］ strong disapproval ［B］ reserved consent ［C］ slight contempt ［D］ enthusiastic support 59. In contrast to the US, Japan and Sweden are funding their medical care . ［A］ more flexibly ［B］ more extravagantly ［C］ more cautiously ［D］ more reasonably 60. The text intends to express the idea that . ［A］ medicine will further prolong people's lives ［B］ life beyond a certain limit is not worth living ［C］ death should be accepted as a fact of life ［D］ excessive demands increase the cost of health careachieve12 v.①完成，实现；②达到，达成，获得 aggressive5 a.①侵略的，好⽃的；②⼤胆的，积极的 attitude14 n.①（to，towards）态度，看法；②姿势 author69 n.①作者；②创始⼈ billion11 num./n.［美］⼗亿，［英］万亿 cancer11 n.癌 chair4 n.①椅⼦；②主席（职位）；vt.主持，担任 claim12 v.①要求；②声称，主张；③索赔；n.①要求；②主张，断⾔；③索赔；④权利，要求权，所有权 conclude5 v.①结束，终结；②断定，下结论；③缔结，议定 confident3 a.（of，in）确信的，⾃信的 confront3 v.①使⾯临，使遭遇；②⾯对（危险等） consent3 v./n.（to）同意，赞成，答应 contempt4 n.轻蔑，藐视 contrast5 v.对⽐，对照；n.对⽐，对照，差异 court10 n.①法院，法庭；②宫廷，朝廷；③院⼦；④球场 doctor12 n.①博⼠；②医⽣；v.伪造，篡改 dramatic4 a.①戏剧的，戏剧性的；②剧烈的，激进的；③显著的，引⼈注⽬的 energetic2 a.有⼒的，精⼒旺盛的 enthusiastic2 a.热情的，热⼼的 excessive3 a.过多的，过分的来源:考试⼤ express4 v.表达，表⽰；a.特快的，快速的；n.快车，快运 failure6 n.①失败，不及格；②失败者；③故障，失灵；④未能 fatal4 a.致命的，毁灭性的 finite2 a.有限的 former10 a.①前任的；②以前的，在前的；pron.前者 frustrate1 v.挫败，阻挠，使灰⼼ fund14 n.资⾦，基⾦；v.资助，投资 governor1 n.总督，州（省）长 hip2 n.髋部；a.时髦的 humble2 a.①谦卑的，恭顺的；②低下的，卑微的；v.降低，贬抑 ideal5 a.①理想的，完美的；②空想的；③理想主义的；④唯⼼的；n.理想 imply12 v.意指，含...意思，暗⽰ inevitable5 a.不可避免的，必然发⽣的 intend15 v.想要，打算，企图 justice2 n.①公正，公平；②审判，司法；③法官 justify8 v.证明...是正当的，认为有理 measure14 v.测量；n.①尺⼨，⼤⼩；②［常pl.］措施，办法；③法案，法律规定 mere7 a.①纯粹的；②仅仅，只不过 obvious13 a.明显的，显⽽易见的 optional1 a.可以任选的，⾮强制的 painful5 a.疼痛的，使痛苦的 perish1 v.①丧⽣；②凋谢；③毁灭，消亡 physician10 n.内科医⽣ potential13 a.①潜在的，可能的；②势的，位的；n.潜能，潜⼒ procedure4 n.程序，⼿续，步骤 productive4 a.⽣产（性）的，能产的，多产的 prolong3 v.拉长，延长 proof2 n.①证据，证明；②校样，样张 pursuit6 n.①追赶，追求；②职业，⼯作 quest3 n.寻求 quote5 v.引⽤，援 reality10 n.①现实，实际；②真实 remark7 n.（about，on）评语，议论，意见；v.①（on）评论，谈论；②注意到，察觉 replace7 v.①放回，替换，取代；②归还 reserve2 n.①储备（物），储藏量，储备⾦；②缄默，谨慎；v.①保留，储备；②预定，预约 resource7 n.①［pl.］资源，财⼒；②办法，智谋；③应变能⼒；④设备 reverse1 n.①相反，反转，颠倒；②背⾯，后⾯；a.相反的，倒转的；v.颠倒，倒转，（使）倒退 scholar5 n.学者 sentence9 n.①句⼦；②判决，宣判；v.宣判，判决 shield2 n.①防护物，护罩；②盾，盾状物；v.保护，防护 solve9 v.解决，解答 supreme2 a.①极度的，最重要的；②⾄⾼的，的 surgeon1 n.外科医⽣ sustain5 v.①⽀撑，撑住；②维持，持续，经受，忍耐 system31 n.①系统，体系；②制度，体制 technology27 n.⼯艺，技术 therapy2 n.治疗，理疗 threaten8 v.①恐吓，威胁；②有...危险，快要来临 trend12 n.倾向，趋势；v.伸向，倾向 unlikely5 a.未必的，靠不住的 vain2 a.①徒劳的，徒然的；②⾃负的，虚荣的；n.徒劳，⽩费 worth5 n.价值；a.值得的 advance10 v.①前进，进展；②推进，促进；③提出（建议等）；④提前；n.①前进，进展；②预付，预⽀ cataract1 n.①⼤瀑布；②⽩内障 cautiously1 ad.慎重地 clinical1 a.临床的 consumer20 n.消费者 dazzlingly1 ad.灿烂地，耀眼地 depression2 n.①沮丧，消沉；②（经济）萧条，不景⽓ disapproval1 n.不赞成 disintegrate1 vt.（使）分解，（使）碎裂 expectancy2 n.期待，期望 extravagantly1 ad.挥霍⽆度地 flexibly1 ad.易曲地，柔软地 genetically2 ad.遗传地 inability1 n.⽆能，⽆⼒ ineffective2 a.⽆效的 infirm1 a.弱的，不坚固的，柔弱的 leader10 n. overfund1 vt.对...提供充⾜资⾦ productively1 ad.有结果地，有成果地 reasonably2 ad.适度地，相当地 routinely1 ad.例⾏公事地 surgical1 a.外科的，⼿术上的；n.外科病房，外科⼿术 treatment7 n.待遇，对待，处理，治疗 unaffordable1 a.供应不起的 underfund1 vt.投资不⾜ unimaginable2 a.，想不到的，不可思议的 unsustainable1 a.不能成⽴的，不能⽀持的　难句1 Shielded by third party payers from the cost of our care, we demand everything that can possibly be done for us, even if it’s useless. ［结构分析］ 1. 本句主⼲结构为：... we demand everything ... ； 2. everything后⾯是that引导的定语从句，that在从句中作主语； 3. 第⼀个逗号前为过去分词短语shielded引导的状语成分，第⼆个逗号后⾯是even if引导的让步状语从句； ［本句难点］主要是过去分词作状语，以及定语从句的⽤法； ［⽅法对策］抓住句⼦主⼲，然后再分析状语等其他成分； ［例句精译］由于医疗费⽤由第三⽅⽀付，我们常常要求⽤尽所有的医疗⼿段，即使它们不会有任何作⽤。

TEXT 1 Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet.The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War Ⅱ and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information.Donovan believed in using whatever tools came to hand in the great game of espionage-spying as a profession.These days the Net, which has already remade such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail, is reshaping Donovan's vocation as well. The latest revolution isn't simply a matter of gentlemen reading other gentlemen's e-mail.That kind of electronic spying has been going on for decades.In the past three or four years, the World Wide Web has given birth to a whole industry of point and click spying.The spooks call it open source intelligence, and as the Net grows, it is becoming increasingly influential.In 1995 the CIA held a contest to see who could compile the most data about Burundi.The winner, by a large margin, was a tiny Virginia company called Open Source Solutions, whose clear advantage was its mastery of the electronic world. Among the firms making the biggest splash in this new world is Straitford, Inc., a private intelligence analysis firm based in Austin, Texas.Straitford makes money by selling the results of spying (covering nations from Chile to Russia) to corporations like energy services firm McDermott International.Many of its predictions are available online at. Straiford president George Friedman says he sees the online world as a kind of mutually reinforcing tool for both information collection and distribution, a spymaster's st week his firm was busy vacuuming up data bits from the far corners of the world and predicting a crisis in Ukraine.As soon as that report runs, we'll suddenly get 500 new Internet sign-ups from Ukraine, says Friedman, a former political science professor,And we'll hear back from some of them.Open source spying does have its risks, of course, since it can be difficult to tell good information from bad.That's where Straitford earns its keep. Friedman relies on a lean staff of 20 in Austin.Several of his staff members have military intelligence backgrounds.He sees the firm's outsider status as the key to its success.Straitford's briefs don't sound like the usual Washington back and forthing, whereby agencies avoid dramatic declarations on the chance they might be wrong.Straitford, says Friedman, takes pride in its independent voice. 41. The emergence of the Net has . A．received support from fans like Donovan B．remolded the intelligence services C．restored many common pastimes D．revived spying as a profession 42. Donovan's story is mentioned in the text to . A．introduce the topic of online spying B．show how he fought for the US C．give an episode of the information war D．honor his unique services to the CIA 43. The phrase making the biggest splash (line 1, paragraph 3) most probably means . A．causing the biggest trouble B．exerting the greatest effort C．achieving the greatest success D．enjoying the widest popularity 44. It can be learned from paragraph 4 that . A． Straitford's prediction about Ukraine has proved true B．Straitford guarantees the truthfulness of its information C．Straitford's business is characterized by unpredictability D．Straitford is able to provide fairly reliable information 45. Straitford is most proud of its . A．official status B．nonconformist image C．efficient staff D．military backgroundable11 a.有能⼒的，能⼲的，显⽰出才华的 achieve12 v.①完成，实现；②达到，达成，获得 agency11 n.代理（处），代办处 analysis8 n.分析，分解 available18 a.①可⽤的，可得到的；②可以见到的，随时可来的 avoid9 v.避免，回避，逃避 background6 n.背景，经历 brief5 a.简短的，简洁的；v.简短介绍，简要汇报；n.①（pl.）摘要；②指令 business36 n.①商业，⽣意；②事务，业务，职责；③企业；④贸易量；⑤⾏业，业务 cause28 n.①原因，理由；②事业，事件，奋⽃⽬标；v.使产⽣，引起 characterize6 v.①表⽰...的特性；②描述...的特性 click1 v.①点击；②发出滴答声；n.滴答声 collection1 n.收藏（品），收集（物） compile1 v.编辑，汇编 contest2 n.竞争，竞赛，⽐赛；v.竞争，⽐赛，争论 corporation10 n.公司，企业，团体 crisis3 n.（［pl.］crises）危机，紧要关头 data22 n.（datum的复数）资料，数据 decade18 n.⼗年 declaration2 n.宣⾔，宣布，声明 dramatic4 a.①戏剧的，戏剧性的；②剧烈的，激进的；③显著的，引⼈注⽬的 efficient3 a.①有效的，效率⾼的；②有能⼒的，能胜任的 electronic8 a.电⼦的 episode1 n.⽚断，（连续剧的）⼀集 exert3 v.发挥，施加影响，运⽤ fascinate2 v.迷住，强烈吸引 firm14 a.①坚固的，稳固的；②坚决的，坚定的；n.公司，商号 former10 a.①前任的；②以前的，在前的；pron.前者 forth2 ad.向前，向外；（back and ～）来回地 guarantee5 n.保证，保证书；v.保证，担保 image1 n.①形象；②肖像，影像，印象 increasingly11 ad.不断增加地，⽇益 independent6 a.（of）独⽴的，⾃主的 influential1 a.①有影响的；②有权势的 information44 n.①通知，报告；②情报，信息 intelligence13 n.①智⼒，聪明；②理解⼒；③情报，消息，报导 lean2 v.①倾斜，屈⾝；②倚，靠，依赖；a.①瘦的，⽆脂肪的；②精⼲的，效率⾼的；③贫瘠的 margin1 n.①页边空⽩；②边缘；③余地；④幅度 military3 a.军事的，军⽤的，军队的 pastime1 n.消遣，娱乐 phrase6 n.短语，词语，习语 predict13 v.预⾔，预测，预告 private11 a.私⼈的，个⼈的，秘密的，私下的 profession5 n.职业，⾃由职业 reinforce2 v.增援，加强 reliable5 a.可靠的 rely6 v.①（on）依赖，依靠；②信赖，信任 restore3 v.①恢复，使回复；②归还，交还；③修复，重建 result37 n.结果，成果，成绩；v.①（in）导致，结果是；②（from）起因于，因...⽽造成 revive1 v.①使苏醒；②复苏，复兴 risk14 v.冒...的危险；n.风险，危险 science58 n.①科学；②学科 solution4 n.①解答，解决办法；②溶解，溶液 sound7 n.声⾳，声响；v.①发声，响；②听起来；a.①健全的，完好的；②正当的，有根据的；③彻底的，充分的 source11 n.①源，源泉；②来源，出处 splash1 v.溅，泼；n.①溅，飞溅声；②（make a ～）引起轰动 spy6 n.间谍；v.①当间谍，刺探；②察觉，发现 staff5 n.①全体职⼯，全体⼈员；②杠，棒；③参谋部；v.配备⼯作⼈员 status5 n.①地位，⾝份；②情形，状况 story11 n.①描述；②故事；③报道；④谎话；⑤楼层 topic3 n.话题，主题，题⽬ unique6 a.惟⼀的，独⼀⽆⼆的 vacuum1 n.真空，真空吸尘器；v.⽤真空吸尘器打扫 vocation1 n.职业，⾏业 web12 n.，蜘蛛 advantage13 n.优势, 有利条件 distribution6 n.分配，分发，配给物 emergence5 n.浮现，出现 espionage1 n.间谍，侦探 latest8 a.最近的 mastery1 n.掌握 mutually1 ad.互相地，互助 nonconformist1 a./n.不墨守陈规的（⼈） online8 n.联机，在线 popularity5 n.普及，流⾏ prediction6 n.预⾔，预报 remold1 vt.改造 reshape1 vt.改造，再成形 spook1 n.间谍，特务 spymaster2 n.间谍⾸脑 strategic2 a.战略的，战略上的 truthfulness1 n.真实，正当，坦率 unpredictability2 n.不可预测性 whereby2 ad.凭什么，由此难句1 The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War Ⅱ and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information. ［结构分析］ 1. 本句主⼲结构是：The American spymaster ... was fascinated with information； 2. who引导的定语从句修饰the American spymaster，who在定语从句中作主语，谓语是and连接的built和laid； ［本句难点］主要是从句关系复杂； ［⽅法对策］找出主句和从句关系，然后找出各⾃的主⼲结构，就⽐较好理解本句； ［例句精译］这位曾经在第⼆次世界⼤战时建⽴了战略服务处，后来⼜为中央情报局的成⽴打下了基础的美国间谍⼤师对情报是如此着迷。

TEXT THREEControled bleeding or cauterisation? That was the unappealing choice facing UBS, a Swiss bank which has been badly hurt by the carnage in America’s mortgage market. The bank opted for the latter. First it opened the wound, by announcing a hefty $10 billion write-down on its exposure to subprime-infected debt. UBS now expects a loss for the fourth quarter, which ends this month. Then came the hot iron: news of a series of measures to shore up the bank’s capital base, among them investments from sovereign-wealth funds in Singapore and the Middle East.Bad news had been expected. UBS’s third-quarter write-down of over SFr4 billionin October looked overly optimistic compared with more aggressive markdowns at other banks such as Citigroup and Merrill Lynch. Steep falls in the market value of subprime debt since the end of the third quarter made it certain that UBS would take more pain, given its sizeable exposure to toxic collateralised-debt obligations (CDOs). Analysts at Citigroup were predicting in November that write-downs of up to SFr14 billion were possible.Why then did this new batch of red ink still come as a shock? The answer lies not in the scale of the overall loss, more in UBS’s decision to take the hit in one go. The bank’s mark-to-model approach to valuing its subprime-related holdings had been based on payments data from the underlying mortgage loans. Although these data show a worsening in credit quality, the deterioration is slower than mark-to-market valuations, which have the effect of instantly crystallising all expected future losses.Thanks to this gradualist approach, UBS had been expected to take write-downs in managed increments of SFr2 billion-3 billion over a period of several quarters. It now appears that the bank has incorporated market values into its model, sending its fourth-quarter write-downs into orbit. The change of approach may be on the advice of auditors and regulators but it is more likely to reflect a desire by UBS’s bosses to avoid months of speculation about the bank’s exposure, something that Marcel Rohner, the chief executive, described as “distracting”.In a particular indignity for a bank long associated with conservatism, concerns about the level of UBS’s capital ratio had even started to surface. Hence the moves to strengthen its tier-one capital, an important measure of bank solidity, by SFr19.4 billion, a great deal more than the write-down. The majority of that money will come from sovereign-wealth funds, the white knights of choice for today’s bank in distress. Singapore’s GIC, which manages the city-state’s foreign reserves, has pledged to buy SFr11 billion-worth of convertible bonds in UBS; an unnamed Middle Eastern investor will put in a further SFr2 billion. UBS will also raise money by selling treasury shares, and save cash by issuing its 2007 dividend in the form of shares. Its capital ratio is expected to end up above 12% in the fourth quarter, a strong position.The majority of that money will come from sovereign-wealth funds, the white knights of choice for today’s bank in distress.Hopeful talk of lines being drawn under the subprime crisis has been a feature of banks’ quarterly reporting since September. Marrying bigger-than-expected write-downs with bigger-than-expected boosts to capital looks like the right treatment in this environment. But UBS still cannot be sure that its problems are over. Further deterioration in its subprime asset values is possible; the broader economic impact of the credit crunch is unclear; and the damage to the bank’s reputation cannot yet be quantified. The patient still needs watching.1. The author uses the metaphor “hot iron” to imply that_____.[A] those measures will do more harm to UBS.[B] those measures will cauterize UBS.[C] those measures will forcefully stop UBS from furthur loss.[D] those measures will control bleeding of UBS.2. Compared with the mark-to-market valuations, the mark-to-model approach could _____.[A] slow down the worsening in credit qualtiy.[B] instantly crystallise all expected future loss.[C] worsen the credit quality.[D] accelerate the deterioration in credit quality.3. The reason that Marcel Rohner thought the chang of approach was “distracting” is____.[A] this change was unexpected to take place in such a situation.[B] this change was result of the advice of auditors and regulators.[C] this change was unfavorite to UBS.[D] this change was taken to make people dispel their guess.4. The phrase “the white knights”(Line 5, Paragraph 5) most probably means____.[A] rich people.[B] saviors.[C] generous people.[D] brave people.5. The author’s attitude towards UBS’s future is______.[A] optimistic[B] pessimistic[C] uncertain[D] none of the above篇章分析：本篇⽂章介绍了UBS银⾏⽬前⾯临的困境以及其解决困境的⼀系列措施。

2011年考研英语(一)阅读text 4 精读精讲摘要：1.引言：考研英语阅读理解题目的重要性2.文章概述：2011 年考研英语(一) 阅读text 4 的内容和结构3.文章主旨：探讨如何精读精讲阅读理解题目4.解题步骤：详细解析阅读理解题目的解题方法5.结论：精读精讲阅读理解题目对于考研英语的重要性正文：一、引言在考研英语的备考过程中，阅读理解题目占据了举足轻重的地位。

它不仅是考试中分值最高的部分，也是检验考生英语综合能力的关键环节。

因此，如何精读精讲阅读理解题目，提高答题正确率和速度，是每位考生都需要关注的问题。

本文将以2011 年考研英语(一) 阅读text 4 为例，详细解析阅读理解题目的解题方法。

二、文章概述2011 年考研英语(一) 阅读text 4 是一篇关于育儿的文章，作者通过对现实生活中父母育儿经历的观察和分析，提出了一种新的育儿观念。

文章结构清晰，分为引言、正文和结论三部分。

三、文章主旨文章主旨是探讨如何精读精讲阅读理解题目。

作者认为，要正确解答阅读理解题目，首先要对文章进行精读，理解文章的大意和结构；其次要对题目进行精讲，分析题目类型，找出关键词和答案线索。

四、解题步骤1.精读文章：在解答阅读理解题目之前，首先要对文章进行精读。

精读时要注意抓住文章的主题、中心思想和结构，了解文章的背景和写作目的。

这有助于对文章的细节有更深入的理解，提高答题的正确率。

2.精讲题目：在仔细阅读题目后，要对题目进行精讲。

精讲时要分析题目的类型，如事实细节题、推理判断题、主旨大意题等。

同时要注意找出关键词和答案线索，这些线索通常包括文章的主题词、同义词和具体细节信息。

3.筛选选项：在找出答案线索后，要对选项进行筛选。

筛选时要注意选项的内容是否与文章的意思相符，是否存在偷换概念、夸大或缩小范围等错误。

正确答案通常是与文章意思最接近的选项。

五、结论精读精讲阅读理解题目是提高考研英语阅读理解能力的关键。

Unlocking the Depths of the 2007 Postgraduate Entrance Exam English (Part 1) Reading Comprehension Text 3The year 2007 marked a significant milestone for the Postgraduate Entrance Exam, as it witnessed the emergence of a challenging and thought-provoking Reading Comprehension Text 3. This text, with its profound insights and intricate language, presents a unique opportunity for candidates to demonstrate their comprehension andanalytical skills. In this article, we delve into the depths of this text, unpacking its key ideas, vocabulary, and sentence structure, while also offering insights into effective strategies for approaching such challenging reading materials.The text opens with a captivating introduction that immediately sets the tone for the entire passage. The author introduces the topic of "happiness" and its relationship to material wealth, posing a question that is both intriguing and thought-provoking: "Can money buy happiness?" This question, which has perplexed philosophers and economists for centuries, serves as the backdrop forthe entire text, guiding readers through a journey of exploration and discovery.The vocabulary used in the text is both diverse and precise, reflecting the author's mastery of the English language. Key words and phrases such as "subjective well-being," "hedonic treadmill," and "materialistic values" are introduced seamlessly into the narrative, enriching the reader's understanding of the concepts being discussed. These words, while not commonplace, are explained contextually, making them accessible to even those without a background in psychology or economics.The sentence structure throughout the text is complex yet well-constructed, reflecting the author's skill in crafting coherent and engaging prose. Long sentences, packed with information and ideas, are offset by shorter, punchier ones, creating a rhythm that keeps the reader engaged. This variety in sentence length and structure not only adds to the readability of the text but also helps to emphasize key points and ideas.The main idea of the text is that happiness is a subjective experience that cannot be fully captured ormeasured by material wealth. The author argues that while money can certainly improve one's living conditions and provide access to certain pleasures, it cannot guarantee happiness in the long run. Instead, the author suggeststhat true happiness comes from within, from a sense of purpose and fulfillment that is unrelated to material possessions.To support this argument, the author cites various studies and examples from different cultures and time periods. One particularly interesting study compares the happiness levels of lottery winners and paralyzed accident victims, revealing that while the former experienced a temporary surge in happiness due to their windfall, their levels of happiness eventually returned to pre-win levels. Conversely, the latter, despite their tragic circumstances, reported higher levels of happiness over time as they found meaning and purpose in their lives.The text concludes with a call for a shift in focus from material wealth to more intangible aspects of life such as relationships, health, and personal growth. The author argues that by prioritizing these aspects,individuals are more likely to experience true and lasting happiness.Approaching such a challenging reading comprehension text requires a strategic approach. First and foremost, candidates need to familiarize themselves with the key vocabulary and phrases used in the text. This will help them to better understand the ideas and arguments being presented. Secondly, they should focus on understanding the overall structure and flow of the text, identifying key sentences and paragraphs that summarize main ideas or support the author's arguments. Finally, they should practice extracting information from the text quickly and accurately, honing their scanning and skimming skills to identify relevant information efficiently.In conclusion, the 2007 Postgraduate Entrance Exam Reading Comprehension Text 3 is a rich and rewarding text that offers much to learn and ponder. By delving into its depths and mastering its contents, candidates can not only improve their reading comprehension skills but also gain a deeper understanding of the complex relationship between happiness and material wealth. With the right strategiesand approach, this challenging text can become a valuable tool for personal growth and intellectual development.**解锁2007年考研英语（一）阅读理解Text 3的深层次**2007年对于考研来说是一个重要的里程碑，这一年见证了考研英语阅读理解Text 3的出现，该篇文本富有挑战性且引人深思，为考生提供了展示自己理解和分析能力的独特机会。

2011年考研英语(一)阅读 text 4 精读精讲【最新版】目录1.引言：考研英语阅读理解题目的重要性2.文章概要：2011 年考研英语 (一) 阅读 text 4 的主要内容3.文章分析：文本的结构和重点4.结论：通过阅读 text 4，对考研英语阅读理解的启示和经验正文一、引言考研英语对于大多数考生来说是一项重要的挑战，而阅读理解题目在考研英语中占据了很大的比重。

因此，如何提高阅读理解能力，正确解答阅读理解题目，是许多考生关心的问题。

本文将以 2011 年考研英语 (一) 阅读 text 4 为例，分析文章结构，提炼关键信息，从而为考生提供一些阅读理解的方法和技巧。

二、文章概要2011 年考研英语 (一) 阅读 text 4 的标题为“I Love My Children, I Hate My Life”，文章主要讲述了作者对育儿经历的看法。

作者认为，育儿并非完全充实和丰富的体验，但在某种程度上，那些在当下让人感到沮丧的事情，日后可能会成为让人感到满足和快乐的源泉。

三、文章分析1.文章结构：文章分为三个部分。

第一部分引出话题，提出作者的观点；第二部分通过具体例子说明作者的观点；第三部分总结全文，强调幸福的定义。

2.重点内容：文章主要讨论了以下几个方面：首先，作者提出育儿并非完全充实和丰富的体验；其次，作者认为，那些在当下让人感到沮丧的事情，日后可能会成为让人感到满足和快乐的源泉；最后，文章强调了幸福的定义，认为幸福是一种过去时态的状态，而非时刻的快乐。

四、结论通过阅读 2011 年考研英语 (一) 阅读 text 4，我们可以得到以下启示和经验：在阅读理解题目中，首先要抓住文章的主旨，理解作者的观点；其次，要关注文章的结构和重点内容，善于从细节中提炼关键信息；最后，要注意题目的设问方式，根据问题进行有针对性的解答。

2010年考研英语(一)阅读text 4 精读精讲摘要：I.引言- 介绍2010 年考研英语(一) 阅读text 4 的背景和文章概述II.考研英语(一) 阅读text 4 精读精讲- 分析文章的段落结构和主要内容- 详细讲解文章中的难点和重点词汇- 深入剖析文章的写作风格和技巧III.结论- 总结文章的主要观点和启示- 对考研英语(一) 阅读text 4 的阅读理解进行解答正文：I.引言2010 年考研英语(一) 阅读text 4 是一篇关于英语语言学习的重要文章。

文章主要讨论了在学习英语过程中，如何更好地掌握词汇、语法和发音等方面的问题。

这对于广大考研学生来说，无疑是一篇极具参考价值的文章。

II.考研英语(一) 阅读text 4 精读精讲文章共分为三个段落，下面将分别对其进行详细讲解。

第一段：介绍英语学习的重要性文章开头强调了英语学习的重要性，指出英语作为全球通用语言，已经成为人们交流、获取信息和提高自身素质的必备技能。

同时，文章还提到了在我国，英语已经成为中考、高考和研究生考试等重要考试的必考科目，因此学好英语对于广大考生来说至关重要。

第二段：讲解英语学习的三大要素本段主要讲述了学习英语的三大要素：词汇、语法和发音。

首先，文章强调了词汇是英语学习的基础，要想学好英语，必须掌握足够的词汇量。

其次，文章介绍了语法在英语学习中的作用，指出语法是英语学习的骨架，只有掌握了语法规则，才能正确地表达思想和理解他人的表达。

最后，文章提到了发音对于英语学习的重要性，良好的发音不仅可以提高口语交流的效果，还能帮助提高听力理解能力。

第三段：总结英语学习的方法和策略本段主要介绍了学习英语的方法和策略。

文章指出，要想学好英语，除了具备扎实的基本功外，还需要采取有效的学习方法和策略。

具体来说，文章提到了以下几点建议：1) 多听、多说、多读、多写，全面提升英语能力；2) 创造良好的英语学习环境，如参加英语角、观看英语电影等；3) 注重实践，将所学知识应用到实际生活和工作中；4) 持之以恒，不断总结经验，调整学习方法。

2011年考研英语(一)阅读text 4 精读精讲
摘要：
1.文章概述
2.文章主旨
3.作者的观点
4.证据支持
5.结论
正文：
一、文章概述
这篇文章是Jennifer Senior 撰写的一篇富有洞察力和刺激性的杂志封面文章，题为《我爱我的孩子，我讨厌我的生活》。

文章引发了大量的讨论，因为它提出育儿并非总是充满快乐和成就，而这种观点与人们普遍认为的育儿经验相悖。

二、文章主旨
文章主张我们需要重新定义幸福，并认为幸福是一种过去完成时态的状态，而非时刻的快乐。

作者指出，尽管抚养孩子的日常经历可能非常艰难，但正是这些经历会让我们在回顾过去时感到无比满足和快乐。

三、作者的观点
作者认为，孩子对父母的影响并非只有正面的，负面情绪也是不可避免的。

然而，这些负面情绪在事后往往会变成我们感到幸福和满足的源泉。

作者并不认为孩子会让父母变得不幸福，而是认为我们需要更全面地理解幸福的定
义。

四、证据支持
文章中提供了许多实例来支持作者的观点。

比如，抚养孩子的过程中可能会有很多挫折和困难，但这些经历在事后往往会让我们感到成就感和满足。

此外，文章还提到了一些研究结果，这些结果表明人们在回忆过去时，往往会对经历过的困难和挑战抱有感激之情。

五、结论
总的来说，这篇文章主张我们需要重新定义幸福，并接受抚养孩子过程中的负面情绪。

作者认为，正是这些负面情绪让我们在回顾过去时感到满足和快乐。

题目：2020年考研英语(一)阅读 text 4精读精讲一、文章背景介绍2020年考研英语(一)试卷中的阅读部分包含了多篇文章，其中的text 4是考查考生阅读理解能力的重要部分。

text 4通常会涉及一些社会热点话题或者学术性较强的文章，考生在备考时需要对该文章进行精读精讲，掌握其中的语言知识和阅读技巧。

二、文章内容解析1.文章主题text 4的主题通常会涉及社会、政治、文化等方面的内容，对考生的综合能力提出了一定的要求。

考生需要通过对文章的理解和分析，把握文章的中心思想，理清文中的脉络，找出文章的主题是什么，作者想要表达的观点是什么。

2.文章结构文章的结构是文章理解的关键，它决定了考生在阅读时应该如何去理解文章的脉络和逻辑关系。

一般来说，文章的结构可以分为引子、主体和结论三部分。

引子部分主要是引出文章的主题，主体部分是对主题的展开和阐释，结论部分是对整篇文章做一个总结和概括。

在阅读text 4时，考生需要注意文章的结构，做好结构分析。

3.文章语言考研英语text 4的语言较为严谨，使用了大量的学术性表达和复杂的句型结构。

考生需要通过精读精讲，掌握文章中的重点词汇和句式，增加自己的词汇量和语言表达能力。

三、文章解读技巧1.注重细节在阅读text 4时，考生需要注重文章中的细节，通过细节提取能够更好地理解文章的主旨，加深对文章的理解。

2.善用语境在阅读时，考生需要善用语境，通过上下文的逻辑关系来理解文章中的难句，增加阅读的效率。

3.多角度分析阅读text 4时，考生需要通过多角度的分析来解读文章，从不同的角度去理解文章，找出文章中的深层含义。

四、文章解读步骤1.预读在开始阅读text 4之前，考生需要先对文章进行预读，把握文章的主题和结构，增加对文章的整体把握。

2.精读精讲考生需要对文章进行精读精讲，理清文章的逻辑思路，找出文章的重点和难点。

3.总结归纳精读完毕后，考生需要对文章进行总结归纳，把握文章的关键信息，做好笔记和归纳。

UNIT ELEVENTEXT ONE“WHANG—“WHANG—Boom Boom Boom——Boom Boom—cast delicacy to the winds.” Thus Ezra Pound in a letter to his —cast delicacy to the winds.” Thus Ezra Pound in a letter to his father, urging the old man to help promote his first published collection. It might have been the poet's manifesto.Pound is as divisive a figure today as he was in his own lifetime. For some he was the leading figure of the Modernist movement who redefined what poetry was and could be; and who, in his role as cultural impresario , gave vital impetus to the literary careers of T.S. Eliot, James Joyce and Wyndham Lewis, among others. But for many Pound remains a freak and an embarrassment, a clinical nutcase and vicious anti-Semite who churned out a lot of impenetrable tosh before losing the plot completely.During the second world war he broadcast pro-Fascist radio programmes from Italy and later avoided trial for treason at home only because he was declared insane. On his release from St Elizabeth's Hospital near Washington, DC, he returned to Italy (“America is a lunatic asylum ”), where he died in 1972 age ”), where he died in 1972 aged 87. d 87.David Moody David Moody, , emeritus professor of English at Y ork University University, , makes a strong case for Pound's “generous energy” and the “disruptive, regenerative force of his genius”. His approach (unlike Pound's) is uncontroversial. He follows the poet's progress chronologically from his childhood in Idaho progress chronologically from his childhood in Idaho——still, at the time of his birth in 1885, part of the wild west 1885, part of the wild west——to his conquest of literary London between 1908 and 1920. He marshals Pound's staggering output of poetry poetry, , prose and correspondence to excellent effect, and offers clear, perceptive commentary on it. He helps us to see poems, such as this famous, peculiarly haunting 19-syllable haiku, in a new light:The apparition of these faces in the crowd: Petals on a wet, black bough.That Mr Moody is constantly being upstaged by the subject of his study is not surprising. Pound was one of the most colourful artistic figures in a period full of them.According to Ford Madox Ford, who became a good friend of Pound's shortly after the bumptious young American arriv arrived ed in London: “Ezra would approach with the step of a dancer, making passes with a cane at an imaginary opponent. He would wear trousers made of green billiard cloth, a pink coat, a blue shirt, a tie hand-painted by a Japanese friend, an immense sombrero , a flaming beard cut to a point and a single large blue earring.” W.B. Y eats's simple assessment was that: “There is no younger generation of poets. E.P. is a solitary volcano.”A great merit of Mr Moody's approach is the space he gives to Pound's writings. It is love-it-or-hate-love-it-or-hate-it stuff, but, either way, undeniably fascinating. “All good art is realism of one kind it stuff, but, either way, undeniably fascinating. “All good art is realism of one kind or another,” Pound said. Reconciling that tidy statement with practically any of his poems is hard work but, as Mr Moody shows over and over again, hard work that offers huge rewards. His first volume ends in 1920, with Pound quitting London in a huff, finally fed up up——after more than adecade of doing everything in his power to rattle the intellectual establishment establishment—with —with “British insensitivity to, an insensitivity to, and irritation with, mental agility d irritation with, mental agility in any and every form”. His disgraceful radio programmes and the full blooming of his loopiness lie ahead. So, too, do most of his exquisite Cantos.1. Pound was a divisive figurebecause_____[A] he brought both positive andnegative effect to the development of the Modernist movement. [B] he was both a poet and a person withmental problem. [C] he was politically a racist while hewas also pro-Fascist. [D] he was a man of complex andunintelligible personality. 2. When Pound was released from hospital, he returned to Italy because_____[A] Italy was his hometown. [B] he was persecuted by Americans. [C] he disliked America. [D] he was out of his mind.3. Which one of the following statements is NOT true of David Moody‟s Moody‟s study on study on Pound?[A] His literary approach is unlike that of Pound‟s, being less contradictory . [B] [B] He He focuses on Pound‟s Pound‟s poetry poetry itselfinstead of his personality, attempting to keep objective[C] [C] He traces the poet‟s life in time order He traces the poet‟s life in time order to study Pound‟s ac to study Pound‟s achievement. hievement.[D] His study offers a fresh sight of Pound…s work4．From From Keats‟s simple assessment, it Keats‟s simple assessment, it can be inferred that_____[A] Pound was of exploding power in his literary creation.[B] Pound [B] Pound‟s achievement could hardly ‟s achievement could hardly be reached by later poets. [C] Pou [C] Pound‟s excellence was nd‟s excellence was unsurpassable in his time.[D] It would take a long time forPound‟s generation to fully understand him.5. The word 5. The word ““rattle rattle””(Line 6, Paragraph 7) most probably means _____ [A] set up. [B] destroy [B] destroy. . [C] struggle. [D] disturb.文章剖析：文章剖析：这篇文章主要介绍了Pound 的两个不同侧面。

2010年考研英语一阅读 text 3 精读精讲导言2010年考研英语一对于许多考生来说是一个关键的考试，而阅读部分更是其中的难点之一。

其中的text 3更是许多考生认为难度较大的一篇文章。

下面将对2010年考研英语一阅读 text 3进行精读精讲，帮助考生更好地理解文章内容，提高阅读水平。

一、文章主题梳理本文主要讲述了人类社会对于能源的需求与开发，以及在此过程中所面临的环境问题。

作者通过对于人类对于能源的追求，探讨了目前能源开发所引发的环境问题，并提出了一些解决方法。

二、文章结构分析本文主要分为四个段落，其中第一段介绍了人类对于能源的特殊需求，第二段讨论了能源开发所带来的环境问题，第三段提出了一些解决方式，第四段对文章进行了总结。

三、语言解析1. Passage 1:"One cannot conceive of a more noble prize for which to strive. But it has to be remembered that we are not the only legitimate cl本人mants to living space on this planet."这句话提到了人类对于能源的追求，但同时也提醒了我们，我们并不是这个星球上唯一合法的居民。

这句话通过对比的手法，更好地彰显了人类对于能源的需求与环境之间的平衡。

2. Passage 2:"Also, it is only to be expected that regional and international pressures for access to sources of energy will continue to increase. "这句话指出了区域和国际之间对于能源来源的竞争将继续增强。

这也是目前国际社会面临的现实情况。

3. Passage 3:"They tend to involve massive, nature-wrecking or Nature-disturbing, mining and drilling techniques, such as mount本人ntop removal and long-wall coal mining in Appalachian states, and tar sands extraction in Canada."这句话讲述了目前能源开发所采用的一些破坏性的采矿和钻探技术，对于环境造成了一定的破坏。

2013年考研英语(二)阅读text 2 精读精讲全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇12013年考研英语(二)阅读text 2 精读精讲Text 2When the Thomas Cook agency made its first appearance in a British High Street in 1865, selling "chartered" (包租的) trains, or special trains that it had chartered and would operate, it was denounced (谴责) in the press. But time has vindicated it. The world owes much to the founder, who in the golden era of railway travel, made it possible for humbler folk to travel with enjoyment. Thomas Cook had the idea of bringing people together for pleasure. Today, mass tourism is simply an extension of his dream, with about 300 million people a year taking advantage of the service the world over. It is as though one great town, the size of Shanghai or Bombay, moves-the entire population of Britain flying here and there, skiing in winter and sunbathing in summer.It soon became apparent that if most people were to be able to afford the price of travel and accommodation, then the costswould have to be shared, if the industry was to survive. So the hoteliers and airline companies sold their services to the travel agents at lower prices that they could get from private individuals. As a result, many more people could afford to travel, though they might not always get the service they wanted.The consequence of this process was that the nature of travel became very different from that experienced in the early days of the travel and transport industry. In the past, it had been left to the rich to travel; to those who had "money to burn." But with Thomas Cook's innovation and other developments like the holiday charter, ordinary people could afford to enjoy their leisure and spare time.Many people feel that this has led to all sorts of problems in widely different areas. For instance, the beauty of a scene is often spoilt by the presence of something which has no right to be there-a building, a vehicle, a group of people. The easy movement of people can cause devastation. Some of the world's most beautiful cities-Geneva and Venice among them-are being made vulgar by visitors, though the lives even of the native inhabitants can be enriched by their presence. On the other hand, the appearance of a once foreign and exotic place may soon bealtered or, worse still, rubbed out as a result of the tourist's presence.So this is a difficult question. If tourism should be stopped, what is to happen to the massed holiday makers, who include those at the lowest level of income in the world? Even if it is possible-and it is not-to persuade people to stay at home, should the financially poor be stopped from going on the annual holiday?To sum up, Thomas Cook's vision of the enjoyment of ordinary people has revolutionized the travel industry and made it possible for millions to see new places and experience different cultures. However, this mass tourism has also brought about negative consequences such as environmental destruction and cultural homogenization. It is therefore important to strike a balance between promoting accessibility to travel and preserving the uniqueness and beauty of destinations.精读精讲：1. When the Thomas Cook agency made its first appearance in a British High Street in 1865, selling "chartered" (包租的) trains, or special trains that it had chartered and would operate, it was denounced (谴责) in the press.2. Thomas Cook had the idea of bringing people together for pleasure.3. It soon became apparent that if most people were to be able to afford the price of travel and accommodation, then the costs would have to be shared.4. The consequence of this process was that the nature of travel became very different from that experienced in the early days of the travel and transport industry.5. In the past, it had been left to the rich to travel; to those who had "money to burn."6. Some of the world's most beautiful cities-Geneva and Venice among them-are being made vulgar by visitors.7. Even if it is possible-and it is not-to persuade people to stay at home, should the financially poor be stopped from going on the annual holiday?8. To sum up, Thomas Cook's vision of the enjoyment of ordinary people has revolutionized the travel industry and made it possible for millions to see new places and experience different cultures.以上为对Text 2的精读精讲，希望能够帮助考生更好地理解文本内容。

考研英语历年真题阅读理解精读笔记二TEXT 3During the past generation, the American middle class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transformed by economic risk and new realities. Now a pink slip, a bad diagnosis, or a disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months.In just one generation, millions of mothers have gone to work, transforming basic family economics. Scholars, policymakers, and critics of all stripes have debated the social implications of these changes, but few have looked at the side effect: family risk has risen as well. Today's families have budgeted to the limits of their new two paycheck status. As a result, they have lost the parachute they once had in times of financial setback-a back up earner usually Mom who could go into the workforce if the primary earner got laid off or fell sick. This "added worker effect" could support the safety net offered by unemployment insurance or disability insurance to help families weather bad times. But today, a disruption to family fortunes can no longer be made up with extra income from an otherwise stay at home partner.During the same period, families have been asked to absorb much more risk in their retirement income. Steelworkers, airline employees, and now those in the auto industry are joining millions of families who must worry about interest rates, stock market fluctuation, and the harsh reality that they may outlive their retirement money. For much of the past year, President Bush campaigned to move Social Security to a savings account model, with retirees trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment returns. For younger families, the picture is not any better. Both the absolute cost of healthcare and the share of it borne by families have risen-and newly fashionable health savings plans are spreading from legislative halls to Wal Mart workers, with much higher deductibles and a large new dose of investment risk for families' future healthcare. Even demographics are working against the middle class family, as the odds of having a weak elderly parent-and all the attendant need for physical and financial assistance-have jumped eightfold in just one generation.From the middle class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholesale shift of financial risk onto theiralready overburdened shoulders. The financial fallout has begun, and the political fallout may not be far behind.31. Today's double income families are at greater financial riskin thatA. the safety net they used to enjoy has disappearedB. their chances of being laid off have greatly increasedC. they are more vulnerable to changes in family economicsD. they are deprived of unemployment or disability insurance32. As a result of President Bush's reform, retired people may haveA. a higher sense of securityB. less secured paymentsC. less chance to investD. a guaranteed future33. According to the author, health savings plans willA. help reduce the cost of healthcareB. popularize among the middle classC. compensate for the reduced pensionsD. increase the families' investment risk34. It can be inferred from the last paragraph thatA. financial risks tend to outweigh political risksB. the middle class may face greater political challengesC. financial problems may bring about political problemsD. financial responsibility is an indicator of political status35. Which of the following is the best title for this textA. The Middle Class on the Alert.B. The Middle Class on the Cliff.C. The Middle Class in Conflict.D. The Middle Class in Ruins.absolute 2 a.绝对的,完全的absorb 3 v.①吸收；②吸引,使专心account 22 n.①账目,户；②叙述,说明；③价值,地位；v.for①说明,解释；②占；③take into考虑；顾及airline 1 n.①航线；②航空公司alert 1 a.①警惕的；②机灵的assistance 2 n.帮助,援助attendant 1 n.①服务员,值班员；②护理人员author 69 n.①作者；②创始人auto 2 n.汽车being 9 n.①生物,人；②存在,生存budget 4 n.预算；v.做预算campaign 4 n.①战役；②运动；vi.从事活动challenge 10 n.①挑战书；②艰巨任务,难题；v.向...挑战cliff 1 n.悬崖,峭壁compensate 5 v.for补偿,赔偿conflict 3 n.①战斗,斗争；②抵触,冲突；v.with抵触,冲突critic 7 n.批评家,评论家debate 8 v./n.争论,辩论depend 16 v.on取决于,依靠,信赖,相信deprive 2 v.夺去,使丧失disappear 4 v.不见,消失dose 2 n.剂量,一服,一剂；v.给...服药economic 23 a.经济上的,经济学的economics 5 n.经济学；经济情况elderly 1 a.过了中年的,稍老的employee 7 n.雇工,雇员fair 9 a.①公平的,合理的；②相当的,尚好的；③晴朗的；④金发的；n.集市,交易会,博览会fashionable 2 a.流行的,时髦的fell 1 v.砍倒,砍伐financial 11 a.财政的,金融的guarantee 5 n.保证,保证书；v.保证,担保harsh 3 a.①粗糙的,刺耳的；②残酷的,严厉的implication 6 n.含意,暗示infer 21 v.推论,推断insurance 6 n.保险,保险费,保险业invest 4 v.投资investment 11 n.投资,投资额model 8 n.①样式,型；②模范,典型；③模型；④原型,模特；v.on, after模仿,构造odds 1 n.①不平等,差异；②机会opportunity 11 n.机会parachute 1 n.降落伞；v.跳伞paragraph 66 n.①段,节；②小新闻,短评partner 3 n.①合作者,合伙人；②伙伴,舞伴payment 5 n.支付,付款额pension 2 n.养老金,年金perspective 3 n.①视角；②透视法；③in~正确地physical 7 a.①物质的,有形的；②肉体的,身体的；③自然科学的,物理的primary 7 a.①最初的,初级的；②首要的,主要的,基本的rate 31 n.①比率,率；②等级；③价格,费用；v.①估价；②评级,评价reality 10 n.①现实,实际；②真实reform 8 v./n.改革,改造,改良responsibility 7 n.①责任,责任心；②职责,任务result 37 n.结果,成果,成绩；v.①in导致,结果是；②from起因于,因...而造成retire 2 v.①退休,引退；②退却,撤退；③就寝risk 14 v.冒...的危险；n.风险,危险saving 3 n.①储蓄；②pl.储蓄金,存款scholar 5 n.学者secure 4 a.from, against安全的,可靠的,放心的；v.①得到,获得；②防护,保卫security 8 n.安全sense 16 n.①感官,官能；②感觉；③判断力；④见识；⑤意义,意思；v.感觉到,意识到setback 3 n.退步,后退shift 12 v.①替换,转移；②移动；n.①转换,转变；②轮班,换班shoulder 2 n.肩,肩部；v.肩负,承担slip 3 v.①滑,滑倒；②滑落,滑掉；③溜走；n.疏忽,小错,口误,笔误social 38 a.①社会的；②社交的,交际的；n.社交活动spouse 1 n.配偶指夫或妻保证人,主办人；vt.发起,主办；v.赞助status 5 n.①地位,身份；②情形,状况stock 9 n.①备料,库存,现货；②股票,公债；③无生命之物；④群,家庭,家系；v.储存stripe 1 n.条纹tend 26 v.①趋向,往往是；②照料,看护title 6 n.①书名,标题；②头衔,称号transform 5 v.①改变,变换；②变压；③转化；④改造unemployment 4 n.失业,失业人数vulnerable 3 a.易受攻击的,易受...的攻击acceleration 2 n.加速度according 47 ad.依照,根据deductible 1 a.可扣除的demographic 1 a.人口统计学的diagnosis 1 n.诊断disability 2 n.无能力,无资格disruption 1 n.中断,分裂,瓦解,破坏eightfold 1 a.八倍的,八层的；ad.八倍地,八层地fallout 1 n.降落,滑落financially 2 ad.财政上,金融上fluctuation 1 n.波动,起伏healthcare 2 n.卫生保健indicator 4 n.指示器legislative 2 a.立法的,立法机关的；n.立法机关outlive 2 vt.比...长寿outweigh 1 v.超过overburden 1 vt.不堪重负paycheck 1 n.薪水policymaker 1 n.决策人popularize 1 v.普及solidly 1 ad.坚硬地,稳固地steelworker 1 n.钢铁工人understandably 1 ad.可理解地wholesale 1 n.批发,趸售；a.批发的,喻大规模的难句1During the past generation, the American middle class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transformed by economic risk and new realities.语法分析本句主干结构为：the American middle class family... has been transformed by..., family后面是一个定语从句修饰family;本句难点整句较长,主要是其中定语从句比较复杂;方法对策首先找出主句的主干,然后再分析从句结构,就可以把握本句了;例句精译在过去一代人中,美国中产阶级家庭已经被经济危机和新的现实所改变;过去他们曾经还能指望依靠艰苦工作和公平竞争来使自己在经济生活中获得安全保障;难句2As a result, they have lost the parachute they once had in times of financial setback-a back up earner usually Mom who could go into the workforce if the primary earner got laid off or fell sick.语法分析本句主干为:... they have lost the parachute...,其后是一个定语从句,破折号后面是一个同位语从句,其中又包含一个定语从句;本句难点句子结构比较复杂,需要仔细分析;方法对策首先分析出主句的主干,然后再依次分析其他从句,本句就不再难了;例句精译其结果是,他们失去一个他们过去在财政困难时可以依赖的保险伞 - 或者说是一个后备的挣钱者通常指妻子：因为她可以出来参加工作,如果主要的挣钱者下了岗或生了病;难句3Steelworkers, airline employees, and now those in the auto industry are joining millions of families who must worry about interest rates, stock market fluctuation, and the harsh reality that they may outlive their retirement money.语法分析本句的主干结构为：Steelworks,... are joining millions of families..., families后面是一个who引导的定语从句;定语从句中,主语是who,谓语是worry about,宾语是三个并列短语,其后是that引导的定语从句修饰the harsh reality;本句难点从句中结构稍复杂;方法对策只要抓住句子主干就可以掌握大意,然后再分析其他成分即可;例句精译钢铁工人、空勤人员以及汽车工业的工作者都与数百万家庭一样,他们都在担心着银行的存款利息变化、股票市场的波动、以及他们的退休金可能不够使用这一残酷现实;难句4Both the absolute cost of healthcare and the share of it borne by families have risen-and newly fashionable health savings plans are spreading from legislative halls to Wal Mart workers, with much higher deductibles and a large new dose of investment risk for families' future healthcare.语法分析本句是由第二个and连接的两个并列句组成,句首的both和第一个and形成的both... and...结构是第一个分句的主干；第二个and后是第二个分句,包含：spread from... to...结构,其后with引导的成分说明newly fashionable health savings plans的内容；本句难点整句比较长,且有两个and容易让考生迷惑;方法对策首先抓住第二个and这个连接词,明白这是两个并列分句,然后确定两个分句各自的主干,即可理解本句内容;例句精译医疗保健费用的绝对数目和各个家庭所分担的数目也都在上升,而一种新近流行起来的医疗费用节约计划也正在从上层立法大厅到底层沃尔玛的工人之间广泛铺开,这对千家万户未来的医疗保健意味着更大的风险;难句5From the middle class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholesale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders.语法分析本句的主干结构是：... much of this looks... like... an opportunity... and... a frightening acceleration...;本句难点整句比较长,句子结构复杂;方法对策通读全句,抓住主句主干,然后再分析其他成分;例句精译从中产阶级家庭的角度出发,可以理解的是,这与其说是一个承担更多经济责任的机会,倒还不如说更像把经济危险的整个转变以惊人的速度加在他们早已不堪重负的双肩上;31.答案C解析本文提到了美国中产阶级家庭,因国家经济衰落而要面临的巨大风险;本题目问："今日这种夫妻双收入家庭会面临更大的财务风险是因为什么原因"我们从前两段中可以看出：由于经济原因现在的夫妻双方都要出去找工作;这样,原来妻子在家里操持家务,同时万一丈夫生了病或者失业了也可以出去找工作以帮助家庭渡过难关的这把保险伞就没有了;所以选C;32.答案B解析众所周知,钱存在银行比较保险可以稳定拿利息,但是把钱投入股市或者用于创业风险要大很多,但一旦获益也比存银行要强很多;在去年的大多数时间里,布什总统一直致力于将社会保险体制转变成一种储蓄存款账户模式 - 要求退休人员将其大多数或全部有保障的收入变成必须依靠投资收益的收入;对于略为年轻的家庭来说,情况也好不到哪去;医疗的绝对费用和家庭必须承担的份额都在上升;这说明,退休人员的可靠收入可能更少;因此B.为正确选项;33.答案D解析本题仍应从第三段中找,因为34题问"从末段中可以看出："因此,本题应在末段前的这一段内,本段提到了：health saving plan are... of investment risk for families' future healthcare.据此,我们判断可以选D;选项A、C原文均未提及;至于B 医疗费用节约计划将在中产阶级中间得以推广与原文不符;原文谈到：医疗费用节约计划正在从上层立法院大厅到底层沃尔玛超市的员工之间广泛的铺开;34.答案C解析本题问"从末段可以看出什么"我们仅从末段末句的总结中可看出作者想说的是：美国经济滑落已经开始了,那政治上的跌落可能不是很远了吧;35.答案B解析本题考查考生对全文内容的理解;文章第一段指出,中产阶层家庭被经济风险和新现实改变了,如今,一个家庭可能在几个月之内从稳定的中产阶层家庭降格成一个新贫困家庭,随后的段落介绍了造成这种现状的原因;这说明,本文主要是介绍中产阶层面临穷困问题的现象;因此选择B.项;在过去一代人中,美国中产阶级家庭已经被经济危机和新的现实所改变;过去他们曾经还能指望依靠艰苦工作和公平竞争来使自己在经济生活中获得安全保障;如今,一份解雇通知书,一个错误的判断或失去配偶都有可能在几个月之内使他们从稳固的中产阶级滑向新生的贫民阶层;就在他们这代人中,成百万的女性参加了工作,改变了基本家庭经济结构;各种各样的学者们、政客们和批评家们还在辩论这件事的社会含义;但很少有人看待它的副作用：家庭的风险也随之上升;今日的家庭已经把两份收入这种预算状况推到了极致,毫无保留余地;其结果是,他们失去一个他们过去在财政困难时所可以依赖的保险伞 - 或者说是一个后备的挣钱者通常指妻子：因为她可以出来参加工作,如果主要的挣钱者下了岗或生了病;这种"后备人员效应"可以支援"家庭安全网",再加上失业保险或残疾保险使家庭得以渡过难关;但是,今天一旦家中有了不测,再也无法从本应待在家中的那位后备者可以挣得的额外收入中得到补充;与此同时,家庭现在要承担退休收入方面的更多的风险;钢铁工人、空勤人员以及汽车工业的工作者等也加入了成百万的家庭,他们都在担心着银行的存款利息变化、股票市场的波动、以及他们的退休金可能不够使用这一残酷现实;去年,布什总统发起一场运动把人们固定的社保基金转为银行存款这种类型,由此,退休者们正在把他们有保障的收入变成取决于投资回报的钱财类型;对于年轻人组成的家庭来说,情况也好不到哪里去;医疗保健费用的绝对数目和各个家庭所分担的数目也都在上升,而一种新近流行起来的医疗费用节约计划也正在从上层立法大厅到底层沃尔玛的工人之间广泛铺开,这对千家万户未来的医疗保健意味着更大的风险;甚至人口学也正在对中产阶级家庭造成不利影响;家中有一个衰弱的老年父母,医疗看护费用在过去一代人的时间内上涨了八倍;从中产阶级家庭的角度出发,可以理解的是,这与其说是一个承担更多经济责任的机会,倒还不如说更像把经济危险的整个转变以吓人的速度加在他们早已过于不堪重负的双肩上;经济滑落己经开始了,政治上的跌落可能也不会很远了吧;31今日这种夫妻双份收入家庭会面临更大的财务风险是因为：A.他们所曾经享有的那种安全网应经不复存在了;B.他们两人下岗的机会增大了;C.他们对家庭经济转变的抵抗力变得更加脆弱了;D.他们被剥夺了失业保险或残疾保险;32作为布什总统改革的结果,退休人员可能有A.更高的安全感;B.更没有保障的收入;C.更少的投资机会;D.一个更加得到保障的未来;33按照作者看法,医疗费用节约计划将A.有助于减少医疗开支的费用;B.在中产阶级中间得以推广;C.对减少的退休金是一个补偿;D.增加了家庭的投资风险;34从末段中可推论出：A.财经风险可能超过政治风险;B.中产阶级可能面临更大的政治挑战;C.财经问题可能带来政治问题;D.财经责任是一个人的政治地位标志;35下列哪个是本文最佳的标题：A.警觉的中产阶级B.处于悬崖的中产阶级C.冲突中的中产阶级D.毁掉了的中产阶级TEXT 4It never rains but it pours. Just as bosses and boards have finally sorted out their worst accounting and compliance troubles, and improved their feeble corporation governance, a new problem threatens to earn them-especially in America-the sort of nasty headlines that inevitably lead to heads rolling in the executive suite: data insecurity. Left, until now, to odd, low level IT staff to put right, and seen as a concern only of data rich industries such as banking, telecoms and air travel, information protection is now high on the boss's agenda in business of every variety. Several massive leakages of customer and employee data thisyear-from organizations as diverse as Time Warner, the American defense contractor Science Applications International Corp and eventhe University of California, Berkeley-have left managers hurriedly peering into their intricate IT systems and business processes in search of potential vulnerabilities."Data is becoming an asset which needs to be guarded as much as any other asset,"says Haim Mendelson of Stanford University's business school."The ability to guard customer data is the key to market value, which the board is responsible for on behalf of shareholders". Indeed, just as there is the concept of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles GAAP, perhaps it is time for GASP, Generally Accepted Security Practices, suggested Eli Noam of New York's Columbia Business School."Setting the proper investment level for security, redundancy, and recovery is a management issue, not a technical one," he says.The mystery is that this should come as a surprise to any boss. Surely it should be obvious to the dimmest executive that trust, that most valuable of economic assets, is easily destroyed and hugely expensive to restore-and that few things are more likely to destroy trust than a company letting sensitive personal data get into the wrong hands.The current state of affairs may have been encouraged-though not justified-by the lack of legal penalty in America, but not Europe for data leakage. Until California recently passed a law, Americanfirms did not have to tell anyone, even the victim, when data went astray. That may change fast: lots of proposed data security legislation is now doing the rounds in Washington, D. C. Meanwhile, the theft of information about some 40 million credit card accounts in America, disclosed on June 17 th, overshadowed a hugely important decision a day earlier by America's Federal Trade Commission FTC. that puts corporate America on notice that regulators will act if firms fail to provide adequate data security.36. The statement: "It never rains but it pours" is used to introduceA. the fierce business competitionB. the feeble boss board relationsC. the threat from news reportsD. the severity of data leakage37. According to Paragraph 2, some organizations check theirsystems to find outA. whether there is any weak pointB. what sort of data has been stolenC. who is responsible for the leakageD. how the potential spies can be located38. In bringing up the concept of GASP the author is making the pointthatA. shareholders' interest should be properly attended toB. information protection should be given due attentionC. businesses should enhance their level of accounting securityD. the market value of customer data should be emphasized39. According to Paragraph 4, what puzzles the author is that somebosses fail toA. see the link between trust and data protectionB. perceive the sensitivity of personal dataC. realize the high cost of data restorationD. appreciate the economic value of trust40. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 thatA. data leakage is more severe in EuropeB. FTC's decision is essential to data security.C. California takes the lead in security legislation.D. legal penalty is a major solution to data leakage ability 15 n.①能力,智能；②才能,才干account 22 n.①账目,户；②叙述,说明；③价值,地位；v.for①说明,解释；②占；③take into考虑；顾及act 11 v.①行动,做事；②on起作用；③表演；④for代表,代替；n.①行为,动作；②一幕；③法令,条例adequate 3 a.足够的,充分的,恰当的affair 2 n.事,事情,事件agenda 2 n.议事日程application 4 n.①请求,申请书,表；②应用,运用；③施用,敷用appreciate 3 v.①感谢,感激；②正确评价,欣赏,赏识asset 2 n.资产,有用的东西attend 5 v.①出席,参加；②to照顾,护理；③关注,注意attention 14 n.①注意力,留心；②立正author 69 n.①作者；②创始人behalf 5 n.利益,支持,好处board 5 n.①板,纸板；②全体委员,委员会,部门；③伙食；船舷；v.上船车,飞机business 36 n.①商业,生意；②事务,业务,职责；③企业；④贸易量；⑤行业,业务commission 4 n.①委员会；②委任,委托书,代办；③佣金,手续费competition 16 n.①比赛；②竞争concept 15 n.概念,观念,思想concern 20 v.①涉及,关系到；②常与with, about, in连用关心,挂念；③担心,担忧；n.①利害关系；②关心,挂念；③担心,担忧corporation 10 n.公司,企业,团体current 7 n.①电流,水流,气流；②潮流,趋势；a.①当前的,现在的；②通用的,流行的,最近的data 22 n.datum的复数资料,数据dim 1 a.暗淡的,模糊的disclose 2 v.揭示,泄露diverse 3 a.多种多样的,from不同的economic 23 a.经济上的,经济学的emphasize 6 v.强调employee 7 n.雇工,雇员encourage 13 v.鼓励,怂恿enhance 7 v.提高,增强essential 11 a.①to必要的,必不可少的；②本质的,基本的；n.①本质,要点；②必需品executive 6 n.总经理,董事,行政负责人；a.执行的,实施的federal 14 a.联邦的feeble 1 a.虚弱的,无力的fierce 3 a.①凶猛的,残忍的；②激烈的,强烈的firm 14 a.①坚固的,稳固的；②坚决的,坚定的；n.公司,商号gasp 1 n.喘息,气喘；v.①喘息；②气吁吁地说headline 3 n.大字标题infer 21 v.推论,推断information 44 n.①通知,报告；②情报,信息intricate 1 a.错综复杂的,复杂精细的investment 11 n.投资,投资额issue 18 v.①流出,放出；②发行,发表,颁布；n.①发行物,报刊期号；②问题,争论点,争端justify 8 v.证明...是正当的,为...辩护lead 21 v.①领导,引导；②领先,占首位；③to通向,导致,引起；④经验,过生活；n.带领,引导；n.铅legal 11 a.①法律的,法定的；②合法的,正当的legislation 4 n.①立法；②法规link 9 v.连接,联系；n.环节,链环locate 3 v.①查找；②使...坐落于,位于major 11 a.较大的,较重要的；n.①专业,主修科目；②专业学生；③少校；v.in主修,专攻management 11 n.①经营,管理；②管理部门massive 3 a.①巨大的；大规模的；②严重的mystery 2 n.①神秘,神秘的事物；②神秘小说,侦探小说nasty 2 a.①肮脏的,卑劣的,下流的；②令人厌恶的obvious 13 a.明显的,显而易见的odd 5 a.①奇数的,单的；②奇怪的,古怪的；③单只的,不成对的；④临时的,不固定的；⑤带零头的,余的organization 6 n.①组织体制；②团体,机构paragraph 66 n.①段,节；②小新闻,短评peer 2 n.同等的人,贵族；vi.凝视,窥视；vt.与...同等,封为贵族penalty 2 n.处罚,惩罚perceive 5 v.①察觉,感知；②理解,领悟potential 13 a.①潜在的,可能的；②势的,位的；n.潜能,潜力principle 7 n.①原理,原则；②主义,信念；③行动的规则,准则process 34 n.①过程,进程；②工序,制作法；③工艺；v.加工,处理propose 4 v.①提议,建议；②提名,推荐；③求婚puzzle 4 n.难题,谜,迷惑；v.使迷惑,使为难recovery 4 n.①痊愈,复元；②经济复苏responsible 11 a.①for, to应负责的,有责任的；②可靠的,可信赖的；③责任重大的,重要的restore 3 v.①恢复,使回复；②归还,交还；③修复,重建school 44 n.①学校；②大学里的学院,系；③学派,流派science 58 n.①科学；②学科security 8 n.安全sensitive 7 a.①to敏感的,易受伤害的；②灵敏的setting 6 n.①安置,安装；②落山；③固定东西的柜架底座；④环境,背景severe 3 a.①严厉的,严格的；②剧烈的,严重的,严峻的,艰难的solution 4 n.①解答,解决办法；②溶解,溶液spy 6 n.间谍；v.①当间谍,刺探；②察觉,发现staff 5 n.①全体职工,全体人员；②杠,棒；③参谋部；v.配备工作人员statement 7 n.声明,陈述suite 1 n.一批随员,一套家具,套房system 31 n.①系统,体系；②制度,体制theft 1 n.偷窃,失窃threat 9 n.①恐吓,威胁；②坏兆头,危险迹象threaten 8 v.①恐吓,威胁；②有...危险,快要来临victim 3 n.牺牲品,受害者according 47 ad.依照,根据astray 1 ad.迷途地,入歧途地compliance 1 n.依从,顺从contractor 1 n.订约人,承包人corporate 4 a.①公司的；②法人的；③共同的,全体的given 22 a.特定的,假设的governance 1 n.统治,管理hugely 2 ad.巨大地,非常地hurriedly 1 ad.仓促地,慌忙地inevitably 3 ad.不可避免insecurity 3 n.不安全,不安全感leakage 2 n.漏,泄漏,渗漏overshadow 1 v.遮蔽,使黯然失色redundancy 2 n.冗余,过剩regulator 1 n.管理者restoration 1 n.恢复,复职,赔偿sensitivity 2 n.敏感,灵敏度,灵敏性severity 1 n.严肃,严重shareholder 6 n.股东telecom 3 n.=telecommunication电信vulnerability 1 n.弱点,攻击难句1Left, until now, to odd, low level IT staff to put right, and seen as a concern only of data rich industries such as banking, telecoms and air travel, information protection is now high on the boss's agenda in business of every variety.语法分析本句的主干结构是: information protection is on... agenda,主干结构前是一个left to引导的不定式作information protection的定语;本句难点主句前面的修饰成分比较长,影响考生的理解;方法对策分清主次,抓住主句,分析结构,这个难点就可以迎刃而解了;例句精译到目前为止,还仅仅是留给少数IT业低层人士去处理并仅受到信息资料比较丰富的诸如银行、通讯、航空等行业重视的信息保护工作;现在正在变成各个行业老板们议事日程中非常重要的内容;难句2Several massive leakages of customer and employee data thisyear-from organizations as diverse as Time Warner, the Americandefense contractor Science Applications International Corp and even the University of California, Berkeley-have left managers hurriedly peering into their intricate IT systems and business processes in search of potential vulnerabilities.语法分析本句的主干结构是: Several massive leakages... have left managers...,两个破折号之间的成分是地点状语,补充说明的作用;分词结构peering into...对宾语managers进一步说明;本句难点整句比较长,句子结构稍复杂,且有长插入语;方法对策首先略去插入语不看,然后找出句子的主干结构,再分析其他修饰成分,本句就简单了;例句精译今年内有关客户和雇员的资料的好几次重大泄漏已经迫使经理们不得不匆匆忙忙地检查他们复杂的IT系统和业务往来情况以期从中找出可能的漏洞并加以改进;这些泄漏发生在多个不同的组织身上;从时代的"华纳公司"、"美国国防承包公司"、"国际科技应用"、甚至到还有"加州大学伯克利分校"等等不一一列举;难句3Meanwhile, the theft of information about some 40 million credit card accounts in America, disclosed on June 17 th, overshadowed a hugely important decision a day earlier by America's Federal Trade Commission FTC. that puts corporate America on notice that regulators will act if firms fail to provide adequate data security.语法分析本句的主干结构是:... the theft... overshadowed... a decision...; theft后面的of information... in America和分词短语disclosed on June 17 th修饰主语the theft,FTC.后面的that引导定语从句补充说明decision,其后还包含一个if引导的从句;本句难点句子比较长,且机构比较复杂,考生不容易读懂;方法对策首先抓主句主干,然后再分析其他修饰和补充成分,本句就简单了;例句精译与此同时,6月17日美国提出的一桩大约4000万信用卡价值的信息失窃案让美国联邦贸易委员会将通过的决定黯然失色：如果公司无法保护资料安全,那么立法者们将会采取行动;36.答案D解析众所周知,现代社会的网络已经把人们紧密的联系在了一起;有银联网、移动通信网、也有人们互相做生意的电子商务网,等等;本文提到了一个公司面临的新型严重问题,那就是：信息资料的泄密问题;36题问"It never rains but it pours"可译为"真是祸不单行"或译为"屋漏又逢连阴雨,船迟偏遇顶头风"这句话是要引出一个如下的话题：A激烈的商业竞争; B脆弱的老板与董事会关系；C来自新闻报道的威胁；D资料泄密这一问题的严重性;显然应该选D 为了迷惑考生,出题人把文章首段中的data insecurity换成了问题里的data leakage;37.答案A解析"依据第二段,有些公司检查他们的系统是要找出"文章第二段说有些经理们"hurriedly peering into their IT system... in search ofpotential vulnerabilities"匆匆忙忙地检查他们复杂的IT系统,和业务往来情况以期从中找出可能的漏洞和弱点这正是选项A,只不过将文章里的vulnerabilities换成了问题里的同义词weak point;38.答案B解析本题目问：作者提出GASP概念是想说......;从第三段中我们可知,GASP是指Generally Accepted Security Practices 人们普遍认可的安全法则 ;所以,应该选B,作者是想强调信息安全保护工作应予以重视;39.答案A解析问题是：依据第四段,使作者感到困惑不解的是,有些老板们竟然不能选A.：看到公众对公司信任和资料保护之间的关系;根据是原文第四段的首句："令人费解的是这竟然会让有些老板感到吃惊;"而其中代词"这"是指上文提到的为信息资料的安全备份等工作;而整个第四段也都在谈顾客对公司信任的重要性以及顾客们资料泄漏的后果;40.答案D解析这是一道推理题;根据末段,我们自然可以推出D为选项;应为末段原文首句即暗示了这种含义：由于缺少法律惩罚,这种苗头还正在得到助长;"屋漏又逢连阴雨"正当老板们和董事会成员们刚刚清理完他们糟糕的财会账目以及相关的规章制度问题并刚刚改进了他们对公司的虚弱管理之际,一个新的难题又出现了,这正在给他们带来新的威胁尤其是美国 - 信息资料的泄密问题;这种威胁正是他们变成报纸上糟糕的头条新闻并可能在高层方面引起人员的波动;到目前为止,还仅仅是留给少数IT业低层人。

2024年考研英语(一)阅读Text1精读精讲教学内容：本节课的教学内容选自2024年考研英语(一)阅读Text1，文章主要讨论了现代社会中人们对于幸福的追求与理解。

文章开头引入了幸福的定义和幸福感的重要性，接着分析了现代社会中人们对于幸福的误解和过度追求物质生活的现象，提出了实现幸福的方法和途径。

教学目标：1. 学生能够理解文章的主旨和论点，并能够概括文章的主要内容。

2. 学生能够分析文章中的论据和论证方法，并能够提出自己的观点和看法。

3. 学生能够提高阅读理解能力，快速准确地获取文章中的信息和细节。

教学难点与重点：难点：学生对于文章中的一些高级词汇和短语的理解，以及对于文章深层含义的把握。

重点：学生能够分析文章的论据和论证方法，并能够提出自己的观点和看法。

教具与学具准备：教具：电脑、投影仪、黑板学具：笔记本、笔教学过程：1. 引入：教师通过提问方式引导学生思考幸福的定义和重要性，引起学生的兴趣和思考。

2. 阅读理解：教师引导学生快速阅读文章，回答一些简单的问题，帮助学生理解文章的大意和结构。

3. 细节理解：教师引导学生仔细阅读文章，找出文章中的关键信息和细节，并进行解释和解读。

4. 分析论证：教师引导学生分析文章中的论据和论证方法，帮助学生理解作者的观点和看法。

5. 小组讨论：教师将学生分成小组，让学生讨论自己对于幸福的理解和追求，并分享自己的观点和经验。

板书设计：幸福的定义和重要性追求幸福的误解和现象实现幸福的方法和途径作业设计：1. 请简述文章的主旨和论点。

2. 分析文章中的论据和论证方法，并提出自己的观点和看法。

3. 请结合自己的经历，谈谈对于幸福的理解和追求。

课后反思及拓展延伸：教师在课后要对自己的教学进行反思，看看是否达到了教学目标，学生是否掌握了文章的主要内容和观点，以及是否能够运用所学知识和技能。

同时，教师还可以引导学生进行拓展延伸，让学生进一步思考和探讨幸福的社会意义和个人价值，以及如何在日常生活中实现幸福。

2010年考研英语(一)阅读 text 4 精读精讲（最新版）目录1.考研英语阅读理解的重要性2.2010 年考研英语（一）阅读 Text 4 的主要内容3.文章的结构和逻辑4.文章中的关键信息和细节5.对文章的理解和分析正文考研英语对于大多数考生来说是一项重要的挑战。

阅读理解是考研英语中的一个重要部分，因为它不仅能够测试考生的语言能力，还能够测试考生的理解和分析能力。

因此，对于考生来说，掌握阅读理解的技巧和方法是非常重要的。

2010 年考研英语（一）阅读 Text 4 是一道典型的阅读理解题。

这篇文章主要讲述了作者对于一种新型的环保材料的看法和分析。

文章首先介绍了这种环保材料的特点和优点，然后分析了它在实际应用中的局限性和挑战。

最后，文章提出了一些建议和展望，希望能够推动这种环保材料的发展和应用。

在阅读这篇文章时，我们需要注意以下几个方面：首先，要理解文章的结构和逻辑。

文章的结构通常决定了文章的信息和思路。

在这篇文章中，作者首先介绍了环保材料的特点和优点，然后分析了它的局限性和挑战，最后提出了建议和展望。

这是一个典型的“总 - 分-总”的结构，有助于我们更好地理解文章的内容和思路。

其次，要注意文章中的关键信息和细节。

这些信息和细节通常是文章的核心和要点，也是阅读理解题的考点。

在这篇文章中，关键信息和细节包括环保材料的特点和优点、实际应用中的局限性和挑战、以及作者的建议和展望等。

我们需要仔细阅读和分析这些信息和细节，以便正确回答阅读理解题。

最后，要对文章进行理解和分析。

理解是指对文章的内容和意思的把握，分析是指对文章的结构、思路、信息和细节等方面的思考和研究。

通过理解和分析，我们可以更好地把握文章的内容和要点，从而正确回答阅读理解题。

总之，考研英语阅读理解是一项重要的挑战，需要我们掌握阅读理解的技巧和方法。

2006年考研英语(一)阅读text 4 精读精讲知乎摘要：1.引言：介绍2006 年考研英语（一）阅读Text 4 的背景和重要性2.文章主旨：探讨艺术家的内心世界和创作动力3.分析文章结构：详细解读文章的每一段，理解作者的观点和论述4.总结：对文章进行总结，并强调艺术家对于情感探索的重要性5.结论：对文章进行评价，并提出一些建议和思考正文：一、引言2006 年考研英语（一）阅读Text 4 是一道具有代表性的阅读理解题，这篇文章主要探讨了艺术家的内心世界和创作动力。

对于许多考生来说，这篇文章可能比较难懂，但是通过仔细分析，我们可以更好地理解作者的观点和论述。

二、文章主旨艺术家是一个特殊的群体，他们以创作为生，致力于探索情感和表达内心世界。

然而，在许多人眼中，艺术家往往被认为是奇怪的一群人，因为他们选择关注那些令人不悦的情感。

但正是这种对负面情感的专注，使艺术家能够更好地理解和表达人类的情感世界。

三、分析文章结构1.第一段：作者通过举例说明许多人认为艺术家是奇怪的，因为他们专注于探索情感，特别是负面情感。

2.第二段：作者阐述了艺术家的内心世界，他们有着敏锐的观察力和独特的思考方式，这使得他们能够更好地捕捉人类的情感。

3.第三段：作者强调了艺术家对于情感探索的重要性，认为这是他们创作的动力和价值所在。

4.第四段：作者以自己的经历为例，说明艺术家在创作过程中会面临许多困难和挑战，但正是这些挑战使得他们的创作更具深度和意义。

四、总结这篇文章通过对艺术家内心世界的剖析，强调了他们在情感探索方面的重要性。

艺术家以创作为生，选择关注负面情感，这使得他们能够更好地理解和表达人类的情感世界。

同时，这篇文章也提醒我们，要尊重和欣赏艺术家的创作，因为他们为我们带来了丰富的情感体验。

五、结论2006 年考研英语（一）阅读Text 4 是一篇深入浅出地分析艺术家内心世界的文章。

通过仔细阅读和分析，我们可以更好地理解艺术家的创作动力和价值。