英语周报2015_2016高中英语Unit5ThepowerofnatureGrammar辅导新人教版选修6

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Unit 5 The power of nature
动词-ing形式作状语
【观察】观察下列几组句子中动词-ing形式的用法,然后加以总结。

1. a. The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking.
b. Seeing nobody at home, Linda decided to leave them a note.
2. a. Having eaten too much for supper, my little brother co uldn’t go to sleep.
b. Having worked with the foreigners for years, I knew them very well.
3. a. Not knowing her phone number, we couldn’t get in touch with her.
b. Not having received a reply, James decided to send another email.
4. a. When visiting the Great Wall, they make a side trip to the nearby villages.
b. Though living near her house, I seldom see her these days.
5. a. The boy leading the way, we had no trouble finding the place.
b. There being no further business to discuss, we all went home.
【总结】结合以上例句将动词-ing形式的用法归纳、拓展如下:
★ 动词-ing形式(短语)可作状语,表示时间、条件、原因、让步、方式或伴随情况等,其逻辑主语通常与句子的主语一致,动词-ing形式(短语)所表示的动作与主语之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系。

(如第1-4组例句)
★ 动词-ing形式(短语)的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。

(如第2组例句)
★ 动词-ing形式(短语)的否定形式常在其前面加not。

(如第3组例句)
★ 动词-ing形式(短语)作状语,其前往往可以加when, while, if, unless, once, though, as if等连词,构成“连词+动词-ing形式”结构。

(如第4组例句)
★ 动词-ing形式(短语)的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致时,可将其逻辑主语放在前面,构成独立主格结构。

(如第5组例句)
【注意】
★ 动词-ing形式(短语)作状语时,可转换为对应的状语从句。

如:
Hearing the news (= When she heard the news), Emma burst into tears.
Not feeling well that morning (= As he wasn’t feeling well that morning), Bruce went to see the doctor.
★ 独立主格结构作状语时,也可转换为对应的状语从句。

如:
Time permitting (= If time permits), I will pay a visit to my uncle on the way back.
All flights having been canceled (= Since all flights had been canceled) because of the terrible weather, they had to go there by train.
【高考链接】从A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. _____ at the cafeteria before, Tina didn’t want to eat there again. (山东2013)
A. Having eaten
B. To eat
C. Eat
D. Eating
2. _____ the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level. (北京2013)
A. Find
B. Finding
C. To find
D. Found
3. I got to the office earlier that day, _____ the 7:30 train from Paddington. (2013 大纲全国卷II)
A. caught
B. to have caught
C. to catch
D. having caught
4. _____ which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice. (四川2013)
A. Not knowing
B. Knowing not
C. Not known
D. Known not
5. When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, _____ me stories till I fell asleep. (重庆2013)
A. having told
B. telling
C. told
D. to tell
答案
【高考链接】1-5 ABDAB。