高考英语一轮巩固达标练 Unit 1 Festivals around the world(含解析)新人教版必修3

Unit 1 Festivals around the world

李仕才

***阅读理解。

Everyone knows that death is natural, but do you have any idea of the process of

dying? Modern scientists divide the process of dying into two stages — clinical or

temporary death and biological death. Clinical death occurs when the vital organs,

such as the heart or lungs, have stopped functioning, but have not suffered permanent

damage. The organism can still be saved. Biological death occurs when changes in the

organism lead to the “breaking up” of vital cells and tissues. Death is then

unchangeable and final.

Scientists have been seeking a way to prolong the period of clinical death so that

the organism can remain alive before biological death occurs. The best method developed

so far involves cooling the organism, combined with narcotic (麻醉) sleep. By slowing

down the body’s metabolism (新陈代谢), cooling delays the processes leading to

biological death.

To show how this works, scientists performed an experiment on a six-year-old female

monkey called Keta. The scientist put Keta to sleep with a narcotic. Then they

surrounded her body with ice-bags and began checking her body temperature. When it

had dropped to 28 degrees the scientists began taking blood out from an artery (动脉). The monkey’s blood pressure decreased and an hour later both the heart and

breathing stopped: clinical death set in. For twenty minutes Keta remained in this

state. Her temperature dropped to 22 degrees. At this point the scientists pumped blood

into an artery in the direction of the heart and started artificial breathing. After

two minutes Keta’s heart became active once more. After fifteen minutes, spontaneous

(自发的) breathing began, and after four hours Keta opened her eyes and lifted her

head. After six hours, when the scientists tried to give her a penicillin (青霉素)

injection, Keta seized the syringe (注射器)and ran with it around the room. Her

behavior differed little from that of a healthy animal.

1.For a person who suffers from the clinical death _________.

A. he is still very much alive

B. he cannot avoid final death

C. his most important organs are damaged forever

D. he still has the possibility of getting back to life

2.Scientists try to make the time of clinical death longer in order to _________.

A. cool the organism

B. delay the coming of biological death

C. slow down the body’s metabolism

D. bring vital cells and tissues back to active life

3.The text mainly talks about _________.

A. clinical death and biological death B.an experiment on a monkey

C. the meaning of death D. the process before death

4.From the underlined sentence in the last paragraph we can know that _________.

A. Keta was impolite B. Keta was healthy

C. Keta was ill D. Keta was crazy

【文章大意】本文主要叙述了为了延缓生理死亡的到来，科学家尽量延长临床死亡的时间。

1.D 【解析】细节理解题。由文章第一段内容“Clinical death occurs when the vital organs,

such as the heart or lungs, have stopped functioning, but have not suffered

permanent damage. The organism can still be saved”可知，一个临床死亡的人还有可能活过来，故选D。

3.A 【解析】主旨大意题。文章第一段提出了人类死亡的两个阶段：临床死亡和生理死亡；第二段提出科学家们想办法延长临床死亡；第三段通过用猴子做实验来验证延长临床死亡的方法，故本文主要论述了临床死亡和生理死亡，选A项。

4.B 【解析】推理判断题。结合文章最后一句“Her behavior differed little from that of

a healthy animal.”（她的行为无异于健康动物的行为），可推知划线部分句子说明Keta是健康的，故选B项。

***语法填空。

Located in the northwest of Hunan Province, about 300 kilometers away from

Changsha, capital of Hunan, Zhangjiajie, __1__covers a total area of 9,653 square

kilometers, is a tourist city for its unique natural scenery and abundant tourism

resources. Zhangjiajie __2__(award) the title of “World Geological Park” in 2004.

__3__(actual), Zhangjiajie, honoured as “the most fantastic mountain under

heaven” and “a walking Chinese landscape painting”， is also widely praised as

“__4__enlarged potted landscaping”“a mini fairyland” and “a maze (迷宫) of

nature”， attracting a growing number of tourists __5__home and abroad.

Since it was discovered in the 1980s, tourism industry __6__ (become) the

leading industry in Zhangjiajie, which has stimulated the development of other

industries __7__(relate) to tourism. At the same time, eco­tourism has been

developed rapidly in Zhangjiajie. When you come to Zhangjiajie, you can fully

appreciate __8__(it) magnificent natural scenery and experience appealing folk

custom as well as other thrilling tourist __9__(activity), and you will be deeply

impressed by __10__is performed by the minorities there.

It must be an exciting, joyful and unforgettable tour to Zhangjiajie.

1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________

7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。全文介绍了湖南省张家界的地理位置、荣誉称号、旅游业的发展等情况。