周五试讲-初中英语语法-宾语从句PPT课件
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学习资料 中学英语宾语从句语法讲解
[宾语从句歌诀]
宾语从句三姊妹,that,if/whether,wh-/how展风采。
展风采有三关,引导词、语序、时态在把关。
主从时态要一致,陈述语序永不变。
陈述请你选that,疑问需用if/whether连。
特殊问句作宾从,原来问词不用换。
三关过后莫得意,人称、标点需注意。
留意变脸的if/when,从句的简化记心间。
[歌诀解码]
一、三姊妹
宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型:
1. 由that引导的宾语从句。如:
We knew (that)we should learn from each other.
2. 由if/whether引导的宾语从句。如:
Please tell me if/whether you have been to America.
3. 由who,where,how等连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。如:
Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest post office?
二、三关
1. 引导词关
如果从句是陈述句,引导词用that(that在口语或非正式文体中常省略);如果从句是一般疑问句,引导词用if/whether;如果从句是特殊疑问句,引导词用由疑问词转换而来的疑问代词/副词。
2. 语序关
①陈述句变为宾语从句,语序不变,即仍用陈述语序。如:
He is an honest boy. The teacher said. →The teacher said(that)he was an honest boy.
②一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句,语序变为陈述语序。如:
初中英语语法五大基本句型中的宾语从句
一、宾语从句的概念
宾语从句是指在一个句子中充当宾语的从句。宾语从句通常以连接词引导,常见的连接词有:that, whether, if, who, whom, whose,
which, what, when, where, why, how等。
二、宾语从句的结构
宾语从句一般由连接词引导,然后再加上一个主语和谓语,构成一个完整的句子。例如:
- She asked me whether I had finished my homework.(她问我是否完成作业。)whether I had finished my homework.(她问我是否完成作业。)
- 这里的宾语从句是:"I had finished my homework",连接词是"whether"。
- Do you know who will be the winner?(你知道谁会是胜利者吗?)who will be the winner?(你知道谁会是胜利者吗?)
- 这里的宾语从句是:"who will be the winner",连接词是"who"。
三、宾语从句的用法 宾语从句可以用于陈述句、疑问句、祈使句等不同语句类型中。下面分别介绍其用法:
1. 陈述句中的宾语从句
在陈述句中,宾语从句通常用来表示陈述或观点。例如:
- She said that she would go to the party.(她说她会去参加派对。)that she would go to the party.(她说她会去参加派对。)
- He knows what I like.(他知道我喜欢什么。)what I like.(他知道我喜欢什么。)
2. 疑问句中的宾语从句
在疑问句中,宾语从句常用来表示疑问或询问。例如:
- Can you tell me where he lives?(你能告诉我他住在哪里吗?)where he lives?(你能告诉我他住在哪里吗?)
初中英语语法宾语、定语、状语从句总结
- 1 -
宾语从句
一、定义
在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
二、连接词
that: I think that you can pass the exam.
Whether/if: I don’t know what the word means.
“Wh”: I don’t know what the word means.
I don’t know where he found the book.
只用whether的情况:
1. 与or not连用:
I don’t know whether it’s raining or not.
2. 与动词不定式连用:
He doesn’t know whether to accept the invitation.
3. 连接词前有介词时:
It depends>
三、时态
1. 主句是一般现在时态,从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可)
She wants to know what he has done for the exam.
2.主句是一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去的时态。
1)She said that she was a student.
2)She said that she would fly to Japan in a week. 3)She said that she had finished her homework already.
3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时,这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
- 2 -
定语从句
一、定义
在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。
二、先行词
先行词指人 who /that
先行词指物 which/ that
定语从句一般紧跟被修饰的名词或代词(即先行词)后
1 / 2
初中英语语法:宾语从句
考察的三个要点:语序,时态,关联词。
1.定义:用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
2.构成:关联词+简单句。
3宾语从句的语序一定是陈述句语序。(who作主语的从句本身就是陈述句语序)
4宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语,连接宾语从句的连词有that(that在口语中常省略)。whether,if,和连接代词what,which,who,whom及连接副词when,where,how,why。
He knew(that)he should study hard.
他知道他应该努力学习。
Can you tell me which class you are in?
您能告诉我,您在哪一班吗?
He asked me if he could come in,
他问我他是否能进来。
5.引导宾语从句的关联词有三类:
(1)从属连词that.如:大凡那情况下能够省略。
He told us that he felt ill.
I know he has returned.
注:that在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都能够省略。在以下情况下,that不能省略。1.Everybody could see what happened and that Tom
wasfrightened.
2 / 2
(and连接两个宾语从句,that宾语从句放在and的后面时,that不能省略。)
2.I know nothing about him except that he is from thesouth.
(that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时,that不能省略。)
3.That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.(that从句位于句首时,that不可省略。)
我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。
(2)从属连词if/whether.如: