初二英语必考知识点
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初二英语必考知识点陈小华1.a用在以辅音开始的单数名词前,( but a + useful, university, European)an用于以元音开始的单词前(but an hour, honest)。
2.b.在序数词,形容词最高级前要用定冠词。
如:He is the oldest in the family.c.在文章中首次提到某人或某物时用不定冠词,而第二次再提到该物或人时应用定冠词。
There is a map in the classroom. The map is on the wall.d.在乐器前要加定冠词,而在球类游戏之前则不要加冠词.Mary began to learn how to play the piano but her brother wanted to play basketball.3.a few /few /a little /little 的区别表否定(几乎没有) 表肯定(有一点/几个)修饰可数名词few a few修饰不可数名词little a little4.若hundred / thousand /million /billion 前有基数词时,其后不加s,也不加of .若没有时,既加s 也要带of .5.结构: a).分子用基数词,分母用序数词b).当分子大于1时,分母加复数.1/4 one fourth 3/4--- three fourths6.2.作表语,放在系动词的后面。
(look,feel,smell,sound….)He looks happy today.3.形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等复合不定代词时,须放在其后。
Would you like something hot to drink?b.形容词常用句型“It’s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。
=To do sth is adj for sb .注意:这一句型中常用的形容词有important,necessary,difficult,easy,hard,dangerous,safe,useful,pleasant,interesting,impossible等。
It’s not easy for them to learn a foreign language.(=To learn a foreign language is not easy for them.)7.3).enough 修饰adj /adv 时,放在其后.He is old enough to go to school .4) also,too,as well与either 的区别also,as well,too,用于肯定句,also常用于be动词,情态动词,助动词之后,行为动词之前;as well,too用于句末;either用于否定句中,置于句末。
8.2.原级常用的句型结构(1)A is + as +adj / adv的原级+ as +B 表示“A和B一样”Tom is as old as Kate. Tom runs as fast as Mike.(2) A is +not+as/so+形容词原级+as+B 表示“A不如B…”This room is not as/so big as that one. He doesn’t walk as slowly as you.比较级的用法1.可以修饰比较级的词:much,9.3. “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。
He is getting taller and taller.4. “the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,越……”。
The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you’ll make.3).one of +the +形容词的最高级+复数名词He is one of the cleverest students in our class.过去进行时: 1.概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
2.时间状语:at this/that time yesterday, at that time ,at six yesterday evening ,from eight o’clock to nine o’clock last night 或以when/while引导的时间状语(过去进行时+when+一般过去时/ 一般过去时+while +过去进行时/过去进行时+while +过去进行时)。
3.基本结构:was/were+doing4.否定形式:was/were + not + doing.1. else修饰不定代词(someone, anything else)、疑问词( what / who else)2.difference 是名词,形容词是different + n.(pl.) 表示不同的... be different from 与...不同反义词是be the same as 和...一样.3.interested形容人,interesting形容物:interesting指东西“有趣的”,而interested 则表示人对别的事物“感兴趣的”.4.How long ….? “多久”回答用for +时间,How soon…? “多久以后”,回答用in +时间How often…? “多常,每隔多久”回答用once/ twice a year/ week How far…?"多远"回答用an hour's walk, two hundred miles.6.must表示“必须”、must be 表肯定猜测“一定”的意思。
表否定猜测"不可能"用can't be .mustn’t表示"禁止, 不准”.用must(必须)进行提问时,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t/ don't have to .8.put on强调“穿、戴”这个动作过程,wear则表示“穿着、戴着”状态dress 后接人表示给某人穿衣.9.borrow“借进”borrow sth. from sb. lend“出借”lend sth. to sb.10.bring指从远处“拿来”;take从面前“拿走”;carry指一般的搬运,不涉及方向11.speak、talk、say、tell的用法:四个词与“说”有关。
speak“讲话、发言、演说”, speak to sb.. speak English;talk“谈话、闲谈”,talk with/to sb. talk about;say 后面跟名词、代词、从句等,表示说的内容;tell sb. to do sth. tell sb. sth.12.beat (打败),beat sb/ team,而win(赢得),后面跟“比赛、竞赛”. win (won) the game / match 13.population "人口" What is the population of ...? The population of ... is .... large表人口多small "少".14.It's + adj. + (for sb. ) + to do . too + adj. + to do 表"太...而不能做..."15.enough + n.+ to do , adj. + enough + to do 表有足够做...17.take、spend、pay、cost的用法:sb.+(spend)+时间/金钱+on sth / (in) doing .. sth. +(cost)+sb.+时间/金钱. ;take的主语通常是事情,句型:sth./It + (takes)+sb.+时间+to do…pay的宾语通常是金钱,句型:sb.+(pay)+金钱+for+事物.18.arrive in/at、reach、get to的用法:arrive是不及物动词,到达具体地点时后面加介词at,到达一个大的地方(国家、城市)时后面加介词in,arrive后面可以直接跟地点副词here/there/home等;get表示“到达”时是不及物动词,涉及地点时后面加to,get后面可以直接跟地点副词home等;reach是及物动词,后面直接跟地点名词。
19. make sb. do sth. / + adj. 20. keep sb./sth + adj./ doing21. when + 过去时(-ed) ;while + 进行时(is/was doing)22. 接双宾语: give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. teach sb. sth. = teach sth. to sb. buy sb. sth = buy sth. for sb.decide to do sth. 决定做某事want ∕would like to do sth. 想做某事plan to do sth. 计划做某need to do sth. 需要做某事agree to do sth. 同意做某事ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事help sb. do sth. = help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事spend...doing sth. 花费…做某事be busy doing sth. 忙于做…feel like doing sth. 想要做某事finish doing sth. 完成做某事practice doing sth. 练习做某事be good at doing sth 擅长做某事be interested in doing sth. 对做某事感兴趣pay attention to doing sth. 注意stop to do停下来去做另一件事,stop doing停止正在做的某事。
forget to do忘记要去做某事,forget doing忘记做过某事。