高考英语总复习 选修8 Unit 3

Unit 3 Inventors and inventions话题：心理慰藉【场景背诵】－－体会黑体表达并背诵全文Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People's attention wanders constantly. In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker's message. So, don't stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it's a truly serious one. (2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ·阅读七选五) 【话题运用】－－根据提示进行写作1．忧虑就像旋转的椅子，它让你有事可做，却不会有任何进步。

Worrying is like a rocking chair. It gives you something to do, but doesn't get you anywhere2．把所有的不快留在昨天，把所有的希望留给明天，把所有的努力献给今天。

Leave all your unhappiness to yesterday, give all your hopes to tomorrow, and do all your hard work today.在认识的单词前打“√”□patent n．□c ourtyard n.□powder n. □perfume n.□stainless adj. □cube n.□valid adj. □claim n．& vt.□ripe adj. □glue n．& vt.□helicopter n. □greengrocer n.□identification n. □directory n.□rainfall n. □lantern n.□personnel n. □forehead n.□dynamic adj. □wire n.□straw n. □current n．& adj.□triangle n. □version n.□refrigerator n. □court n.□competence n.1．distinguish vi.& vt.显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别2．seize vt.抓住；捉住；夺3．stable adj.稳固的；稳定的；安定的4．product n．产品5．file n．文件；档案；文件夹vt.提交；将……归档6．associate vt.联想；联系n.同伴；伙伴7．bear vt.忍受；忍耐；负担8．dial vt.拨(电话)(这是边文，请据需要手工删加)1．criterion n．(评判的)标准；尺度→pl.criteria2．merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的→merciless adj.残忍的；无情的→mercy n．宽恕；仁慈3．convenient adj.便利的；方便的；就近的→convenience n．方便，便利→conveniently adv.便利地，方便地4．caution n．小心，谨慎→cautious adj.小心的，谨慎的→cautiously adv.小心地，谨慎地5．abrupt adj.突然的；意外的→abruptly adv.突然地；唐突地6．practical adj.实际的；实践的；实用的→practice n．实践；练习→impractical adj.不切实际的；不现实的7．expectation n．预料；期待；期望→expect v．预料；期待；期望；认为8．innocent adj.清白的；无罪的；天真的→innocence n．天真，清白9．recognition n．认出；认可；承认→recognize vt.认出，识别；承认10．freezing adj.冰冻的；严寒的→freeze v．冰冻→frozen adj.冻结的11．occasionally adv.偶然地；不时地→occasional adj.偶然的；临时的；特殊场合的→occasion n．时机，机会；场合12．merry adj.愉快的；高兴的→merrily adv.高兴地；愉快地[强化训练]一、根据所给提示，用适当形式填空1．We believe that only a stable (稳定的) and fully confident middle class will guarantee the stability and prosperity of Hong Kong.2．Nowadays many old people have to bear (忍受) miserable loneliness after their sons or daughters leave home for work.3．And there are questions about the films made outside the States, which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions (product) filmed in the States.(2020·高考全国卷Ⅲ)4．He was briefly associated (associate) with that organization.5．The merciless king showed no mercy and killed all the innocent common people，which people couldn't bear.They resisted him and didn't want to be at the mercy of him.(mercy)6．Tom was angry at her abrupt manner，so he left abruptly．(abrupt)7．We had expected that he wouldn't come to our party，but his sudden appearance was beyond our expectation．He made our party full of laughter as expected．(expect) 8．Children are innocent；as a future teacher I have a childlike innocence and I will really love them.(innocent)9．In this freezing weather，two men were frozen to death on the mountain.(freeze) 10．From the house came the bursts of merry laughter so the children must play merrily．(merry)11．He is a cautious man and is always doing things with caution. You should get on with him cautiously．(caution)12．You can visit Professor Li when it is convenient，that is，at his convenience．His house is conveniently near the bus stop.(convenient)13．We are both very busy so we only see each other very occasionally．He pays me occasional visits in his spare time and we try to use the occasion to express our love.(occasion)二、熟词生义(写出加黑词的词性及词义)1．(2018·高考全国卷Ⅱ)In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn，associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction (互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. adj.副(职)的2．(2019·高考天津卷)I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night, when fear seized me. My wallet was gone. vt.虏获，控制3．(2020·高考全国卷Ⅲ)If you do, you won't be able to handle it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that ruins everyone's day. n．场景，场面，事件【联想记忆】“冷暖”知多少①freezing adj.冷冰冰的；极冷的②icy adj.冰冷的③cold adj.寒冷的④hot adj.热的⑤cool adj.凉爽的⑥warm adj.温暖的⑦heated adj.热的；火辣辣的1．call up 给……打电话2．dive into 迅速把手伸入；一心投入3．set out to do 开始(做)4．get through 设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过5．now and then 偶尔；有时6．hang on 不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住7．set about 开始；着手8．out of order 次序颠倒；发生故障9．ring back 回复电话10．ring off 挂断电话11．attract sb. into a trap 把某人引入陷阱12．out of one's expectation 出乎某人的意料活用一：One day，a student ①ccalled me up abruptly，saying that she graduated and ②set out to find a job. She can't bear the freezing weather in the North. So she wants to find a job in a city in the South where transport is convenient. But only by ③getting through the interview can she get the job in the firm. She wants to ④hang it on．活用二：Last year，Xiao Ming ①set about designing his new mobile phone after he figured out all the puzzling problems. He did get through a lot of pains during his work. To his pain，the phone he is using now is often ②out of order, especially when he ③rings others back. How he hopes to invent his new phone earlier！原句展示仿写运用1.The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel.[解读] so...that...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。

of
不挂断;稍等;紧紧握住
8.
order 次序颠倒;发生故障
1. Follow it up ,explore all around it,and before you know it,you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind. 跟踪下去,不断探索,不知不觉中,你就会发现某种值得思考的东西占
别于……的特征 ③be distinguished for...因……而出名
高考运用:语法填空
①They can even distinguish their mother’s voice
that of
a female stranger.(2017江苏,阅读理解B)
②No one will ever know what mix of talent,ambition,energy and luck
made Dickens such a
(distinguish) writer.
(2018浙江,阅读理解A)
③Because he is distinguished
a great discovery,he has won
the 2016 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
答案:①from ②distinguished ③for
you
pick me up at four
o’clock and take me to the theatre?
②We bought this house
convenience;it’s near the shops
and the railway station.

话题38 发明家与发明（Unit 3 Inventors and inventions）晨读背诵基础知识自测一、单词拓展(A)根据音标及词义写出英文单词｡1.distinguish [dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ] vi. & vt.显示……的差别;使……有所不同;辨别2.merciful [ˈmɜːsɪfʊl] adj.宽大的;仁慈的;慈悲的→mercy [ˈmɜːsɪ] n.宽大;仁慈3.product [ˈprɒdʌkt] n.产品4.abrupt [əˈbrʌpt] adj.突然的;意外的→abruptly [ә'brʌptlɪ] adv.突然地,唐突地5.convenient [kənˈviːnɪənt] adj.便利的,方便的,就近的→convenience [kənˈviːnɪəns] n.方便,便利→conveniently [kənˈviːnɪəntlɪ]adv.便利地,方便地6.caution [ˈkɔ:ʃən] n.小心,谨慎→cautious [ˈkɔ:ʃəs] adj.小心的,谨慎的→cautiously[ˈkɔ:ʃəslɪ] adv.小心地,谨慎地7.passive [ˈpæsɪv] adj.被动的;消极的;被动语态的8.seize [si:z] vt.抓住;捉住;夺9.file [faɪl] n.文件;档案;文件夹 vt.提交;将……归档10.freezing [friːzɪŋ] adj.冰冻的;严寒的→freeze [friːz] v.冰冻11.innocent [ˈɪnəsənt] adj.清白的;无罪的;天真的→innocence [ˈɪnəsəns] n.天真,清白12.bear [beə(r)] vt.忍受;忍耐;负担13.tap [tæp] vt.轻打;轻拍;轻敲 n.轻轻地敲击(声);(水)龙头14.current [ˈkʌrənt] n.(水或气)流;电流 adj.现在的;当前的15.stable [ˈsteɪb(ə)l] adj.稳固的;稳定的;安定的16.associate [əˈsəʊʃɪeɪt] vt.联想;联系 n.同伴,伙伴17.practical [ˈpræktɪk(ə)l] adj.实际的;实践的;实用的petence [ˈkɒmpətəns] n.能力;胜任;本领(B)单词活用用所给词的正确形式填空｡1. I’m sorry, but I don’t know there is an abrupt ( abruptly)change of plan.2. As expected (expect), the sales manager gave in his notice at work today.3. We should try our best to put the enemy in a passive ( passive) position.4. As we all know, newspapers influence the current ( currently) of thought.5. I have heard two versions (version) of the accident.6．It’s freezing (freeze) outside. You’d better put on more clothes.7．Your invention is ingenious, but not very practical (practice).8．I keep my reference books near my desk for convenience (convenient)．二、短语互译及运用(A)短语互译1.call up 给……打电话2.now and then 偶尔;有时3.set about 开始;着手4.dive into 迅速把手伸入;一心投入5.set out (to do) 开始(做)6.hang on 不挂断;稍等;紧紧握住7.out of order 次序颠倒;发生故障8.get through 设法联系上(尤指打通电话);(设法)做完;通过9.ring back 回复电话10.ring off 挂断电话(B)灵活运用选择以上恰当的词组填空｡1. The poor girl has gone through such a lot since her parents died.2. Do be careful with those fireworks; the slightest spark could set them off.3. These old photos called up childhood memories.4. I set out to knit(编织) a sweater but in the end it became a vest.5. He's not in; why don't you ring back after 6 o'clock?6. He takes my sister out to the theatre now and then.7. My clock is out of order and waked me up at 3 this morning.三、课文语法填空When I called up my mother in the countryside 1 the telephone she was upset. There were some snakes in the courtyard 2 came near the house now and then. I think here was a chance for me to distinguish 3 by inventing something to catch the snakes 4 I set about working on some approaches. Finally I came up with an easy 5 convenient way: I put a bowl with some ice-cubes in it 6 the snakes’ habitat to make them sleepy, then I used a small net 7 (collect) the passive snakes and the next day I merrily released them all back 8 the wild. I was satisfied with my invention that I decided to seize the opportunity to apply 9 a patent. So I sent my invention to the patent office to get recognition. And 10 after I have had the recognition can I say that I am truly an inventor.【答案】1. on 2. which/ that 3. myself 4. so 5. and 6. over 7. to collect 8. into 9. for 10. only 重点词汇精讲精练1. distinguish vt.辨别；辨认；（常与from, between连用）区别；区分背诵 The man distinguishes himself by his wisdom这个人因智慧而扬名。

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Ⅰ.单词 由简到难,水到渠成 The first step is as good as half over. 【识记】 1.beaten track 被踩出来的路;常规;惯例 2.dive into 迅速把手伸入;一心投入 【默写】 1.不挂断;稍等;紧紧握住 hang on 2.挂断电话 ring off 3.给……打电话 call up 4.偶尔;有时 now and then 5.开始;着手 set about 6.开始(做) set out(to do) 7.次序颠倒;发生故障 out of order 8.设法联系上(尤指打通电话);(设法)做完;通过 get through 9.回复电话 ring back
(2)A well-written composition calls for a good choice
of
words and clear organization among other things. 一篇好的作文还需要选词准确,结构清晰。
(3)Had I known his telephone number,I would have called him up . 如果我知道他的电话,早打电话给他了。
Unit 3 Inventors and inventions
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Ⅰ.单词 由简到难,水到渠成 The first step is as good as half over. 【识记阅读单词】 1.patent n. 专利证书;专利权 2.courtyard n. 院子;庭院;天井 3.walnut n. 胡桃;胡桃木 4.product n. 产品 5.powder n. 粉末;火药 6.perfume n. 香水;香味 7.stainless adj. 无锈的;不锈的;没有污点的 8.passive adj. 被动的;消极的;被动语态的 9.criterion n. (评判的)标准;尺度 10.valid adj. 有效的;确凿的 11.string n. 线;绳子;一串