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Unit 3 Inventors and inventionsKEY WORDS AND PHRASES1．call up给……打电话；使想起；回忆When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset. (教材P20)当我打电话给乡下的母亲时，她显得焦躁不安。
call back召唤某人回来；再访；回电话 call for需要；要求；接(人或物) call in邀请；请来 call on拜访(人)；号召call in on简短拜访 call at拜访(某地) call off取消The government calls on the youth to donate their blood voluntarily.政府号召青年义务献血。
He is ill；you should call in the doctor right away.他病了，你应该立即请大夫来。
2．now and then偶尔；有时(＝sometimes，but not often)Snakes come near the house now and then，and they seem to have made their home here，not far from the walnut tree.(教材P20)蛇时不时地爬到屋边来，可见这几条蛇似乎是在胡桃树附近安家了。
We haven't seen each other for years，but we chat online now and then.我们已有多年未见过面了；但是我们有时会上网聊一聊。
表示“有时、偶尔”的词语有：(every) now and again from time to time at times once in a whileoccasionally a little now and a little then【提示】from time to time强调经常性；now and then等强调间歇性。
例句精讲1. I was amazed to learn that Picasso produced more than 20 000 pieces of art and that he wasn’t just a painter. He drew pictures for books, and was also a sculptor and a photographer.我惊讶地得知，毕加索一生创作了两万多件艺术作品，而且他不仅仅是一名油画家，他还为图书画插图，还是一名雕刻家和摄影家。
【巧解句构】that Picasso produced more than 20 000 pieces of art和that he wasn’t just a painter，均为宾语从句，第二个宾语从句中的引导词that不省略。
【要点剖析】当一个动词接两个或两个以上的that从句作宾语时，that一般不省略，特别是第二、第三个that部分。
【拓展延伸】在以下情况下，宾语从句中的that一般都不省略：1）that从句作learn, request, suggest, insist, explain, agree, prove, feel, mean等动词的宾语时，that一般不省略。
如：This experiment proved that Galiheo’s theory of falling objects is true.这个实验证明伽利略的落体理论是对的。
2）当句子的状语部分位于从句的前部时，that不可省。
如：I discovered to my surprise that about half the things were true.我吃惊地发现事情大半是真的。
3）当主句的谓语动词与宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不能省略。
如：Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our teacher was wearing his black silk cap.这时，我才第一次注意到我们的老师戴着黑色丝帽。
语法解读倒装结构句子按“主语+谓语”的顺序排列，叫自然语序，谓语在前，主语在后，叫倒装语序。
倒装语序又分两种：整个谓语在前，叫完全倒装，部分谓语（情态动词、助动词、连系动词）在前，谓语的主体部分仍在主语之后，叫半倒装或部分倒装。
一、完全倒装在下列情况下，句子需全倒装：1.在there, here引导的句子中，谓语是be, exist等表示状态的不及物动词，如：There is nobody in the classroom.教室里空无一人。
There seems something wrong about it.这事好像有什么问题。
There happened an event last week.上周出了一件事。
There lived a girl named A Qiao long ago.很久以前这儿住了一位叫阿巧的姑娘。
There stands a temple on the top of the mountain.山顶有座庙。
There lies a deep pond at the foot of the hill.山脚下有一口深塘。
There exist different opinions on this question.关于这个问题还有不同意见。
Here are coasts for young people.这儿有年轻人穿的大衣。
Here is a seat for you, Wang Lin.王林，这儿有你的座位。
2.在语气词there, here开头的句子里，谓语动词是come, go等，如：There goes the bell!铃响了！There goes the thief!有贼！Here are the books!给你书！Here comes your husband.你丈夫来了。
如主语是人称代词，则不用倒装，如：There you go again.你又来这一套。
高中英语学习资料madeofjingetiejiM8U3 基础知识概括1： The art of painting has been around for many thousands of years. ( 存在，出，有)2： A mural is a very large painting that is done on a wall.（壁画）3：Abstract art is about shapes and colors rather than objects. （抽象的）4： Visiting the masters (大 )5： The trip has been fantastic!6: the birthplace of Picasso. (出生地，源地)7：Near the house （ where Picasso was born） is a museum full of his art. ( 地址状提早，句子采纳所有倒装！ ) where Picasso was born 定从句，修 house8: The architecture is beautiful!（建筑，建筑学）9： I was amazed to learn that Picasso had an output of more than 20,000 pieces of art. ( 有⋯的出 )10：He experimented with different styles of painting, but was most famous for his work in Cubism( 立体主 ), which often uses acute angles （角）and where the world is represented as being constructed of cubes and rectangles.（立方体和矩形）11：settle in Paris 定居12：I was really impressed by ( ⋯留下深刻印象 ) this picture of a lady with a mysterious （神奇的）smile.13：By popular consensus,(世公) it is impossible to calculate（算） what price it would fetch （得） if it ever came on the market . （面世）14： a primitive form of a helicopter and a tank直升机和坦克的形15： Louvre Museum has more than 6,000 other European paintings, ranging from the 13ththcentury. ( 从⋯到⋯；在⋯范内化 )century to the 1916： His paintings were typical of a style called Impressionism. (是⋯的典型)17：The painter abandon（放弃）t he idea of representing things exactly as they look, but seeks to show⋯seek to do sth求去做/去做seek-sought-sought18: a wide variety of各样各的 a broad range of19: water lilies floating on the surface of the pond20: Unfortunately, although Van Gogh committed his whole being to painting, he received little reward for his mitted his whole being to 浑身心投入到⋯（五星）21： Theo, acting as his agent, (担当他的人)tried hard to sell his brother ’s painting ⋯22： His paintings are worth upwards of。
Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Can you mail this souvenir (纪念品) to China for me?2．She works hard, trying to win a scholarship (奖学金)．3．This piece of cloth (布) was bitten by a mouse.4．He was so absorbed in thought that he ran into a passer－by (路人)．5．We stopped to enjoy the scenery (风景) halfway.6．We were walking along the canal (运河) when we heard someone calling for help.7．There is a verdant lawn in front of the dormitory (集体宿舍)．Ⅱ.拓展词汇1．changeable adj.多变的，易变的→2．acmodation n．住处；住宿，膳宿；和解，调解→acmodate vt.容纳；为……提供住处3．admission n．(机构、组织等的)准许加入，进入权；承认；入场费→admit vt.承认；允许……进入；允许加入→admissible adj.可采纳的，可接受的[巧记单词]Ⅲ.1．instead of而不是2．focus on 集中于3．set up 建立4．start out 开始从事；起先打算5．according to 根据6．in addition另外7．take place 发生8．build up 积累；增加9．in case 万一，以防10．make a reservation 预订1．[教材原句]A soft eraser will be useful in case you want to make changes.一块软质橡皮很有用，以防你想改动时用。
Unit 3 The world of colours and light语言点：牛新阁：学习目标重点词汇medium, acute// represent, calculate, shadow, commit, reward, accommodation, admission, scenery, cloth, disgusting重点短语more than, put on, build up, be off to, cut up, cut ... out (of), lay out, have a go (at), have an appetite for重点句型hardly...when...of +抽象名词知识讲解重点词汇medium【原句回放】He did not just paint, but made sculptures and worked with all kinds of media. 他不仅绘画，还创作雕塑，利用各种材料创作作品。
【点拨】medium n. (艺术创作的)材料，形式；媒介，传媒（复数：media或mediums）adj.中等的常用搭配：of medium height 中等身材的Commercial television is an effective medium for advertising.商业电视是有效的广告宣传工具。
Television can be an excellent medium for education.电视会是一种绝好的教育手段。
The boy is of medium height for his age.这男孩的身高在他这个年龄算中等。
acute//represent【原句回放】He experimented with different styles of painting, but was most famous for his work in Cubism, which often uses acute angles and where the world is represented as being constructed of cubes and rectangles. 他尝试过多种不同的绘画风格，但以立体派的作品著称。
庖丁巧解牛知识·巧学生词巧解【词析】音析:第一个字母a读，第一个字母e读。
形析:才能;才干;天才)+-义析:having talent; gifted【典句】Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was the talented composer and musician.沃尔夫冈·阿马迪厄斯·莫扎特是个天才的作曲家和音乐家。
【拓展】近义词：gifted,其名词形式gift。
【辨析】genius, talent和skill1）genius(only used of a rare ability or the person who has it)语意很重，只用于少见的有才华或有天才的人。
如：Einstein was a genius.爱因斯坦是个天才。
2）talent(also means a special ability, though not the person who has it)也表示特殊才能（它不指人本身）。
如：He has a talent for painting.他在绘画方面有天赋。
3）skill (the ability to do sth. well, is something that can be learned),talent 和genius都用来说明某人天生的能力，而skill指一种可以学到的本领技能，指可能做好某事的能力。
如：The senator answered his opponents’ questions with great skill.那参议员十分巧妙地回答了对手的问题。
【词析】音析:字母组合ar读;ch读[k];ture读。
形析:建筑师;设计师)+-义析:the art and science of building, including its planning and making【典句】The architect is good at architecture.这位建筑师精于建筑。
单元尾核心要点回扣Ⅰ.重点单词1．n．变化，改变v．改变→adj.多变的，易变的2．v．承认；允许……进入；允许加入→n．(机构、组织等的)准许加入，进入权；承认；入场费3．v t.& v i.计算；推测→n．计算4．v．容纳；为……提供住处→n．住处；住宿，膳宿；和解，调解5．n．反感，厌恶v．(使)反感，厌恶→adj.厌恶的，反感的→adj.令人不快的，令人厌恶的，令人愤慨的【答案】 1.change；changeable 2.admit；admission 3．calculate; calculation 4.accommodate；accommodation 5．disgust; disgusted；disgustingⅡ.重点短语1．set 建立，设立cut 切碎2．from...to... 从……到……变化be to 动身去gain admission 被……录取3．on 招收；呈现；承担；雇用on 集中于4．out 查明，弄清sth.out 剪出，剪下【答案】 1.up；up 2.range；off；to 3.take；focus 4.find；cutⅢ.重点句式1．A soft eraser will be useful (以免) you want to make changes.2．(正如你所知道的)，I am with my aunt and grandmother.3．By popular consensus, (这幅画是最珍贵的) in the world.4．... (不可能预算出) what price it would fetch if it ever came on the market.5．When you have made the face, you can take a photo of it, (目的是) you can keep your unusual picture forever.【答案】 1.in case 2.As you know 3.this is the most valuable painting 4.it is impossible to calculate 5.so thatⅣ.回顾话题用本单元的词汇或句式完成写作任务一个新的俱乐部在上周成立了。
Unit 3 The world of colors and lightProject---教案Teaching aims:1. Help students use what they have learnt to finish a project by working together.2. Make an unusual pictures of their own.Important points & difficult points:1. How to search much information about unusual pictures2. How to choose useful information for a short articleProcedures:Step 1: RevisionDifferent types of paintingsStep 2: Lead-in1 Can you think of any other ways to create pictures?2 How would you make your unusual pictures?Step 3 :Fast readingRead the text quickly and find the answer to the following questions:1.How many ways to create unusual pictures are mentioned in the passage?2.What are they?Step 4 :Careful readingRead the text carefully and fill in the chart.Step 5 :DiscussionWhat other things could be used to make art? And how would you use them to make art?Step 6 :Project1.Which type of unusual picture will you research?2.Where will you find out about this type of picture?3.What will you include in your article?4.Who will make a cover for the small book?5.What will you put on it?Step 7: Language points1 A few years ago, a picture of Mona Lisa was made out of slices of bread baked to different colors.几年前，一幅《蒙娜丽莎》的画是用烘焙成不同颜色的面包片做成的。
Unit 3The world of colours and light Part 1巧记考纲单词Ⅰ. 核心单词·熟写1. abstract adj. 抽象的n. 摘要, 概要2. medium n. (艺术创作的)材料, 形式; 媒介, 传媒adj. 中等的3. acute adj. 锐角的; 强烈的; (疾病)急性的; 灵敏的; 敏锐的4. consensus n. 共识, 一致的意见5. shadow n. 阴影, 影子; 阴暗处6. reward n. 回报, 报酬, 奖励vt. 奖励, 给以报酬7. passerby n. 路人, 过路的人8. scenery n. 风景, 景色, 风光9. spray vt. 喷, 喷洒, 向……喷洒n. 喷剂; 喷雾; 浪花10. dip (dipped, dipped) vt. & vi. 浸, 蘸11. wrinkle vt. & vi. (使)起皱纹n. 皱纹, 皱褶, 皱痕Ⅱ. 拓展单词·会用1. architecture n. 建筑; 建筑学→architect n. 建筑师; 设计师2. calculate vt. &vi. 计算; 推测→calculation n. 计算→calculator n.计算器3. mit vt. & vi. 全心全意投入; 犯罪, 犯错; 承诺, 保证→mitment n. 承诺, 保证, 献身4. star n. 星星→starry adj. 布满星星的; 像星星的, 明亮的5. agent n. 代理人, 经纪人→agency n. 代理机构6. changeable adj. 多变的, 易变的→change vt. 改变n. 变化7. acmodation n. 住处; 住宿, 膳宿; 和解, 调解→acmodate v. 给……提供住所8. admission n. (机构、组织等的)准许加入, 进入权; 承认; 入场费→admit vt. 承认, 准许进入, 允许加入9. scholarship n. 奖学金→scholar n. 学者; 奖学金获得者10. disgusting adj. 令人不快的, 令人厌恶的, 令人愤慨的→disgust vt. 使厌恶→disgusted adj. 厌恶的Part 2闪记重点短语1. upwards of 在……以上, 大于, 超过2. be off to动身去……3. cut up切碎4. lay out布置, 设计; 铺开, 展开5. cut something out (of something) 剪出, 剪下6. have a go (at)试一试7. be made out of由……制成, 用……制成8. be typical of是……特有的; 是典型的……9. experiment with. . . 用……做试/实验10. range from. . . to. . . 从……到……(变化);在……和……之间Part 3速记经典句式1. Near the house where Picasso was born(在毕加索出生的房子附近)isa museum full of his art. (完全倒装句)2. So crowded was the art gallery(画廊如此拥挤)that I could hardly move about.(so+adj. /adv. 位于句首, 句子用部分倒装)3. Hardly had we left the dormitory the next morning when(第二天早上, 我们刚离开宿舍)we realized we had left our map in the room. (hardly. . . when. . . , 一……就……)4. Had you e with us(如果你们和我们一起来的话), I guarantee you would have enjoyed Europe too. (虚拟语气的省略倒装)5. After his graduation, this project was exhibited in art galleries all over China, making him famous nationwide(使他闻名全国). (现在分词做结果状语)【联想拓展·多积累】1. 迷人的“景色”①scenery自然风景②scene 场面; 景色③view 景色④sight 景象; 视野⑤landscape 风景; 风景画⑥outlook 景色2. “v. +with”短语速记①experiment with用……做试/实验②meet with 遇见, 碰上③agree with 同意④associate with 与……交往⑤deal/do with 处理; 对付⑥pete with 与……竞争。
互动课堂疏导引导一、词汇详解1.calculate vt.&vi.计算;核算;预测；推测【典型例句】Benefit is calculated on the basis of average weekly earnings.补助金按平均周收入计算。
You’ll need to calculate how much time the assignment will take.你需要算一算要花多少时间才能完成分配的任务。
It has been calculated that at least 47,000 jobs were lost last year.据估算，去年至少丧失了47，000个工作。
Conservationists calculated that hundreds of species could be lost in this area.自然资源保护主义者预测，数百万计的物种可能会从这个地方消失。
The scientist could not calculate when the spaceship would reach the moon.科学家不能算出太空船何时到达月球。
【知识小结】【相关链接】calculated adj精心策划的；蓄意的be calculated to do打算做；故意做；可能做calculating adj.精明的；精于算计的（常含贬义）calculation n.计算；推测；算计；慎思；考虑calculate on依靠；依赖活学巧用1.1）完成句子（1）I calculated _________________________（我们在下午六点到达）.答案:we would arrive at 6:00 p.m.（2）—Did she calculate the cost?—Yes,_________________________（她估计那要花一百英镑）.答案:she calculated that it would cost ￡100(3)Have you finished ________（你估计完没有）?答案：calculating yet(4)If you want to borrow money from George,you can’t _________________（指望他晚饭前脾气会好）.答案：calculate on his/him being in a good temper before dinner2)单项填空That was a _________ threat:she meant to annoy you.A.calculatingB.calculatedC.calculationD.calculate提示:本题不要根据经验做，认为-ing形式的形容词修饰物，-ed形式的形容词修饰人。
做好本题要弄明白calculating与calculated的意思区别：calculated“精心策划的；蓄意的”，常形容物；calculating“精明的；精于算计的”,常用来修饰人。
答案：B2.range vi.（在一定的范围内）变化，变动；（从……到……）之间的各类事物；（按一定位置或顺序）排列；排序vt.徘徊；漫步n.一系列；范围；区域；山脉；射击场；牧场；乳牛场【典型例句】v.The damages range between $1 million and $5 million.损失在100万到500万元之间。
She has had a number of different jobs,ranging from chef to swimming instructor.她做过许多不同的工作，从厨师到游泳教练。
He ranges far and wide in search of inspiration for his paintings.他四处漫步，寻找绘画的灵感。
n.Most of the students are in the 17~20 age range.大多数学生都是在17至20岁的年龄范围内。
The child was now out of her range of vision.这孩子已经走出了她的视线。
【相关链接】in/within range (of sth.)在可及的范围内out of range (of sth)超出……的范围range yourself/sb.against/with sb./sth.一起（或与他人结伙）反对……range over sth.涉及;包括……ranger n.园林管理员；护林人2.1）完成句子(1)He shouted angrily _________（他看见谁，就对谁吼）.答案:at anyone within range(2)The cat stayed well（这只猫离孩子们远远的）答案: out of range of the children(3)The whole family seemed_________（一家人好像在合伙对付他）.答案: ranged against him2）单项填空（1）Our conversation ________ many subjects.A.ranged onB.ranged overC.ranged forD.ranged in提示：本题考查range的短语。
range over指“（思想或言论）涉及；包含”。
答案：B(2)The children ranged ________ the forests and ________ the mountains.A.over;throughB.in;throughC.over;inD.through;over提示：over“在……上方”；through“穿过……内部”；in“在……中间”；本句句意为：“孩子们在森林和山中漫游。
”答案：D3.float vt.&vi. （使）漂浮；漂流；（票据等）在流通n.漂浮物；木筏；救生圈【典型例句】vi.The boat floated down the stream.船顺流漂行。
The smell of new bread floated up from the kitchen.厨房里飘出新鲜面包的香味。
vt.There wasn’t enough water to float the ship.水不够深，船浮动不起来。
They are trying to float the logs down the river.他们在设法使圆木顺流往下漂。
【相关链接】floating adj.浮动的；流动的；不固定的float about/around（通常用于进行时）（思想等）传播；流传活学巧用3.1）汉译英（1）一群鸭子缓缓游过。
__________________________________________答案:A group of ducks floated by.（2）美妙的乐声从窗口传出。
__________________________________________答案：Beautiful music came floating out of the window.2）单项填空If an idea,etc.________ ,it is talked about by a number of people or passed from one person to another.A.float aboutB.floats aboutC.is floating aboutD.are floating about答案：C4.peaceful adj.和平的；安静的；爱好和平的；不爱争吵的【典型例句】They hope for a peaceful settlement of the dispute.他们希望和平解决争端。
It’s so peaceful out here in the country.这里的郊外一切都是那么宁静。
He had a peaceful life.他过着平静的生活。
The aims of the organization are wholly peaceful.这个组织的宗旨完全是追求和平。
【相关链接】peace n.指和平；平静；安宁（的状态或形势）peacefulness n.指和平、平静、安宁的性质peaceable adj.不惹事的；和平的；安宁的（同peaceful）peacekeeping adj.维护和平的peace-loving adj.爱好和平的peace maker调解人；调停人活学巧用4.单项填空（1）My father loves ________ and quiet of the country.A.peaceB.peacefulnessC.stillD.calm提示：句意为“我父亲喜欢乡村的和平宁静”。
此时应指和平的状态。
而peacefulness项指性质。
C、D两项为adj.,排除。
答案:A（2）—Do you know the persons who help settle the quarrels?—No.They call themselves ________ persons.A.loving-peaceB.peace-lovingC.peace-lovedD.loved-peace提示：句意为：“你知道那些帮助解决争吵的人吗？不认识，他们是自称爱好和平的人”。
“爱好和平的”应为peace-loving。
答案：B5.weep vi.&vt.（因悲伤）哭泣；流泪；（指液体）流出；渗出（通常用进行时）n.哭泣；落泪【典型例句】v.I could have wept thinking about I’d missed.我想到所失去的东西本可痛哭一场。
I wept to see him looking so sick.看到他病成那个样子我怆然泪下。
His legs were covered with weeping sores.他的双腿有多处红肿流脓的伤口。
n.Sometimes you feel better for a good weep.有时候，你痛痛快快哭上一场就会觉得好受些。
【相关链接】weep away在哭泣中度（时、日）weep oneself to sleep哭着睡着了weeping adj.（树木）有下垂枝条的weepy adj.悲伤欲哭的；眼泪汪汪的n.催人泪下的电影（或戏剧）5.1)单项填空（1）He wept ________ the painful news.A.onB.forC.atD.to提示：句意为：“听到这个令人悲痛的消息，他哭了。
