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高考英语一轮专项复习：非谓语动词非谓语动词（一）——动词不定式（一）动词不定式：动词不定式由“to+ 动词原形”构成，如：to study, to play，动词不定式虽然不能作谓语动词用，但仍留着动词的特征，它可以带有所需要的宾语或状语而构成动词不定式短语，如：to study hard, to play table tennis。
1、动词不定式的形式变化：动词不定式有下列时态和语态的形式变化。
2、动词不定式的基本用法：动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用，如：（1）作主语：To help each other is good.（动词不定式作主语时，一般可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的动词不定式置于句末，如：It is good to help each other.（2）作表语：My job is to drive them to the power station every day. 动词不定式在系动词be之后作表语，与表示将来时的be + 动词不定式结构有所区别，如：Our plan is to set up another middle school for the peasants’ children.我们的计划是给农民子弟再成立一所中学。
（句中的谓语动词为is，动词不定式to set up… 为表语，主语为plan，但plan并不是动词不定式的逻辑主语，即动词不定式to set up所表示的动作不是主语plan产生的。
）We are to set up another middle school for the peasants’ children.我们将为农民的子弟再成立一所中学。
（句中的are to set up整个结构为句中谓语，主语为we，同时也是动词不定式to set up所表示的动作的逻辑主语，即动词不定式to set up所表示的动作是由we产生的）。
高考英语一轮复习——非谓语动词（附答案）I．考点分析非谓语动词包括现在分词、过去分词、不定式和动名词。
非谓语动词既是高考考试的重点也是高考考试的的难点。
因为非谓语动词的用法很复杂，它既含有时态语态的变化、又有否定形式。
例如：He seemed to have waited there for a long time. (不定式的完成时态)He seemed to be waiting for someone. (不定式的正在进行时)He seemed to have not known the place very well. (不定式的完成时态的否定形式)He seemed to have been told about it. (不定式的被动语态)一、非谓语动词不同形式的基本用法。
1.现在分词可以用作状语、定语和表语。
例如：The film is exciting. (表语)The exciting film attracted the children very much. (定语)Having finishing the homework, children went to the playground to play basketball. (状语)The problem being discussed is what they are concerned with. (定语)2.过去分词的用法与现在分词大体相当，可以用作状语、定语和表语。
只是表示的意义有所不同。
例如：Children are excited at the film. (表语)The excited children sang and danced to the midnight. (定语)Excited at the news, children went to the playground to play basketball. (状语)This was the problem discussed at the meeting yesterday. (定语)3.不定式有两种形式：带to的不定式和不带to的不定式, 不定式有进行体、完成体和被动语态。
2021年高考英语一轮复习语法专题非谓语动词（练）（含解析）新人教版选修6I．单句填空1.[2021·全国卷Ⅰ]Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63.________ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.2. [2021·全国卷Ⅰ]By 68.________ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.3.[2021·全国卷Ⅱ]This included digging up the road, 63.________ (lay) the track and then buildinga strong roof over the top.4. [2021·全国卷Ⅲ]She looks like any othe r schoolgirl, freshfaced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new Alevel course. But unlike her school friends, 16yearold Sarah is not spending halfterm 61.________ (rest).5. [2021·全国卷Ⅲ]But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65.________ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.6.[2021·浙江卷6月考]Sixteen years earlier, Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 61.________ (cook) a meal.7．(2020·陕西高考)Back from his two－year medical service in Africa, Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother ________(take)good care of at home.8．(2020·天津高考)________(absorb)in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching. 9．(2020·天津高考)________ (work)for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. 10．(2020·安徽高考)________(ignore)the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.11．(2020·福建高考)________ (learn)more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.12．(2020·福建高考)In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared, ________ (combine)the sense of “information” and “atmosphere”．13．(2020·湖南高考)There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of thegrassland，________(stare) at the night sky.14．(2020·北京高考)The film star wears sunglasses.Therefore，he can go shopping without ________(recognize)．15．(2020·大纲卷)Today there are more airplanes ________(carry) more people than ever before in the sky.16．(2020·湖南高考)Children，when ________(accompany) by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium.17．(2020·江西高考)He is thought ________(act) foolishly.Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.18．(2020·山东高考)There’s a note pinned to the door________(say) when the shop will open again. 19．(2020·天津高考)Anxiously，she took the dress out of the package and tried it on，only ________(find) it didn’t fit.20．(2020·陕西高考)________(work) out the difficult maths problems，I have consulted Professor Russell several times.6. to cook 考查不定式。
人教版英语非谓语动词培优题含答案百度文库一、非谓语动词1．Dave is a good boy and he always finishes _______ his homework on time.A. doB. didC. doesD. doing【答案】 D【解析】【分析】考查非谓语形式。
根据finish后只能接v-ing形式，故选D。
类似的还有enjoy, mind, practice, allow, consider…。
2．We advise parents _____ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger.A. not leaveB. not to leaveC. leaveD. to leave【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:为了使孩子远离危险，我们建议父母不要单独把孩子留在家里。
advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事，动词不定式的否定形式就是在to前面加not故advisesb not to do sth建议某人不要做某事。
结合句意，故选B3．Nowadays,most people prefer to________ computer games rather than ___________ books.A. play；readingB. play；readC. playing; reading【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意：现在，大部分人比起读书更喜欢玩电脑游戏。
prefer to doA rather than do B比起B更喜欢做A。
故答案为B。
【点评】考查动词prefer的用法，掌握固定搭配。
4．As a volunteer，the girl wants to visit sick kids in the hospital them up．（）A. to cheerB. cheerC. cheeringD. cheered【答案】 A【解析】【分析】作为一名志愿者，这个女孩想去看望医院里生病的孩子使他们振作起来．根据句意可知这个女孩想去看望医院里生病的孩子的目的是使他们振作起来，故该空处填入动词不定式作目的状语，故填to cheer，故选A5．We only planned the play for an hour, but in the end, we stayed for three hours.【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意：我们计划只玩一个小时，但是最终，我们呆了三个小时。
高考英语一轮复习讲解：非谓语动词【知识要点】定义：在英语中，不作句子谓语，而具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词。
分类：非谓语动词有动词不定式（the Infinitive）；动名词（the Gerund）；现在分词（the Present Participle）；过去分词（the Past Participle ）一、动词不定式不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“not to+动词原形”。
不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。
不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。
1.不定式的时态及语态时态主动被动意义例句语态一般to do to bedone与谓语动词同时发生或以后发生I’m glad to see you.当不定式逻辑上的主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式须用被动形式。
如：He askedto be sent to workin TibThis book is saidto have beentranslated intomany languages进行[表示谓语的动作（情况）发生时，不定式表示的动作正在进行He pretended to bereading a book when Icame in.[完成tohavedonetohavebeendone先于谓语动作发生We seem to have meteach other before.完成进行tohavebeendoing先于谓语动作发生而又延续到谓语动作发生后He is said to have beenstudying abroad，but Idon’t know which countryhe is studying in.2.不定式的句法功能1）作主语：To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.在十分钟内完成这项工作很难。
高考英语一轮复习语法点专题讲解非谓语动词所谓非谓语动词，顾名思义也确实是不能单独用作谓语的动词（但与助动词结合可构成“进行时态、系表结构、完成时态、被动语态等谓语形式”），非谓语动词在英语句子结构中用法专门广泛、灵活，可充当主语、表语、宾语、补语、定语、状语等。
现在笔者向同学们作分类介绍：动词不定式一、不定式作主语1.一样置于句首：To see one time is better than to hear one hundred times.2.常见用it代替它作形式主语，而把不定式或不定式结构移到句尾：It's our duty to serve the people．3.在含有不定式作主语的疑问句或感叹句中，一样只用it作形式主语。
常见：Is it a good idea to plant some flowers there？不能够说：*Is to plant some flowers there a good idea？二、不定式作表语连系动词be，seem，appear，get，remain等常用不定式作表语，假如主语部分有实义动词do时，表语常可用不带to的不定式。
例如：My idea is to have a trip on Sunday．The only thing I can do now is wait at home.三、不定式作动词宾语1.动词＋不定式：The girl asked to see the headmaster．常见的跟带to的不定式结构作宾语的动词有：agree，aim，arrange，ask，choose，decide， demand，pretend，expect，hope，learn，long，manage，offer，pretend，promise，refuse，wish，want，hate 等。
但help后的不定式常可省掉的，如：They helped（to）do the cleaning this morning.2.动词十疑问词（why除外）＋不定式：We must find out what to do next.常见能跟“疑问词十不定式”结构作宾语的动词有：decide，find out，forget，know，learn，remember，see，think，understand，wonder等。
非谓语动词（测试时间：40分钟，总分：60分）班级：____________ 姓名：____________ 座号：____________ 得分：____________I.单句语法填空(每小题0.5分，共5分)1.(2017·新课标卷I·语法填空)Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.2. (2017·新课标卷I·语法填空)Fast food is full of fat and salt; by (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.3.(20157·新课标全国Ⅱ·语法填空) This included digging up the road, _______(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top.4.(2017·新课标全国III) But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.5.Since the plants took a while to grow，he started cutting down trees ________ (sell)the wood.6. The park was full of people，________ (enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.7. Much time ________ (spend)sitting at a desk，office workers are generally troubled by health problems.8. Listening to music at home is one thing，going to hear it ________ (perform) live is quite another.9. ________ (absorb) in painting，John didn't notice evening approaching.10. ________ (work) for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. 【参考答案】1.to process2.eatingying4.to prove5.to sell6.enjoying7.spent8.being performed9.Absorbed10.Having workedⅡ.单项填空(每小题0.5分，共5分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.（2017·北京卷） The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _________ from butterflies to elephants.A. rangingB. rangeC. to rangeD. ranged【答案】A【解析】句意：国家公园有许多的野生动物，包括从蝴蝶到大象等等。
此处野生动物和range 之间是主动关系，用现在分词，故选A。
2.（2017·北京卷）Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time _______ with his students.A. to spendB. spendC. spendingD. spent 【答案】D【解析】句意：Jim已经退休了，但是他依然记得和学生一起度过的快乐时光。
句子已经有了谓语，空格只能填非谓语动词，逻辑主语是time，和spend之间是被动关系，故用过去分词spent。
3.（2017·江苏卷）Many Chinese brands, ____________ their reputations over centuries,are facing new challenges from the modern market.A. having developedB. being developedC. developedD. developing【答案】A4.（2017·天津卷）I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ___________.A. catchingB. caughtC. to catchD. to be caught【答案】C【解析】句意：在整个会议期间我一直在看钟表，因为我要去赶火车。
根据上文判断出as引导原因状语从句，Sb have sth to do 某人有某事要做（在本句中to do 由主语完成），根据句意判断选C。
5. （2017·天津卷）The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment,___________ more patients to be treated.A. being allowedB. allowingC. having allowedD. allowed【答案】B【解析】句意：近期这个医院得到了新的医疗设备，更多的病人能够得到治疗。
前句这个医院得到了新的医疗设备和后面更多的病人能够得到治疗之间是必然的因果关系，用现在分词作结果状语，表示顺理成章的结果。
equipment与allow之间为主动关系，故用现在分词的一般式。
A. being allowed 表示被动且正在进行；C. having allowed 强调先于谓语动作发生；D. allowed 表示被动且完成。
故选B。
6.Greatly___________by the memory of my father, I made up my mind to write my best novel.A. inspiringB. inspiredC. having inspiredD.to inspire【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意：对父亲的回忆极大地激发了我，我决定写最好的小说。
inspire 与I之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用动词-ed形式作状语。
7. ___________much money, the poor father decided to encourage his son to walk to school daily.A. Not to haveB. Having notC. Not havingD. To have not【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意：因为没有很多钱，这位可怜的父亲决定鼓励他的儿子每天步行上学。
分词表示原因，其否定形式是直接在前面加not。
8.Mary walked all the way from home to the library, only ___________it closed.A.to findB. findingC. foundD. find【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意：Mary从家里一路走到图书馆，结果却发现已经关门了。
此处是不定式作结果状语，表示意料之外的结果，如果用动词-ing形式，则表示意料之中的结果。
9.To return to the problem of water pollution, I’d like you to look at a study___________in Australia in 2012.A. having conductedB.to be conductedC. conductingD. conducted【答案】D10.Teachers at that school never looked happy because something kept them ___________off to work.A.to hurryB. hurryC. hurryingD. hurried【答案】CIII.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Meagan and her friend Samantha, both students, lived together in Denver. On mornings when Samantha had class, Meagan would watch her 2-year-old daughter, Hannah. Also part of the household was Meagan’s pet, Willie, a parrot — a particularly intelligent and chatty breed. He picked up quite a healthy vocabulary ("Silly Willie" was a favorite saying) and became a great mimic(模仿者) — of cats, dogs, chickens and humans.One day with Samantha at school, Hannah sat in front of morning cartoons while Meagan cooked Pop-Tarts in the kitchen. When the toaster spat out the food, Meagan placed it at the center of the kitchen table to cool. She glanced at Hannah and, confident the child was fully engaged in the TV, slipped out quickly to use the bathroom."I was gone maybe 30 seconds," Meagan recalls. "And suddenly, I heard the bird going crazy and shouting." She heard two very distinct words from the parrot’s mouth. "Mama! Baby! Mama! Baby!" Meagan ran out of the bathroom to find Hannah in the kitchen, holding the partly eaten Pop-Tarts, out of breath, her face and lips a terrifying shade of blue. And Willie was still crying."Hannah had climbed up on a chair and gotten the Pop-Tarts and she was clearly choking on them," says Meagan. "I seized her and immediately started doing first aid until the piece came flying out." The bird quieted down and Meagan burst into tears, relief washing over her; Hannah was fine, already smiling her big smile.When Meagan told Samantha what happened, "She was so grateful, thanking me for what I did," Meagan says. "But I said, ‘Don’t thank me! It was Willie who was the hero!’"1. What had Meagan expected Hannah to do while she was away?A. To eat the hot food.B. To watch the toaster.C. To enjoy the TV program.D. To climb up on a chair.2. What happened to Hannah?A. The parrot disturbed her.B. She got herself burned.C. She fell off the chair.D. Something was stuck in her throat.3. What can we know about the parrot?A. He is naughty and troublesome.B. He is talkative but helpful.C. He is a great talker but does less.D. He is friendly and creative.4. What’s the best title for the passage?A. "Mama, baby": a hero saves a babyB. A parrot helps build up friendshipsC. A lesson an amazing parrot givesD. A girl has a second life【文章大意】本文是记叙文，属于日常活动话题。
