SAP-Workflow配置与管理手册

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Rio Tinto

BSC Workflow Administration Guide

Table of Contents

1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 1

2. MONITORING .......................................................................................................... 2

2.1 Daily Activities .............................................................................................................. 4

2.1.1 SBWP – Workflow Administrator Inbox................................................................................................... 4

2.1.2 SWI2_ADM1 – Workitems Without Agents ............................................................................................. 6

2.1.3 SWPR – Workflow Restart After Error ..................................................................................................... 7

2.1.4 SWI2_DEAD – Workitem Deadline Monitoring ...................................................................................... 9

2.1.5 SWI2_DIAG – Diagnostics of Workitems Containing Errors ................................................................. 14

2.2 Weekly Activities ......................................................................................................... 17

2.2.1 SWU3 – Automatic workflow customising ............................................................................................. 17

2.2.2 SWEQADM – Event Queue administration ............................................................................................ 18

2.2.3 RSWELOGD – Delete Event Trace ........................................................................................................ 21

2.3 Monthly Activities ....................................................................................................... 21

2.3.1 SM37 ....................................................................................................................................................... 21

3. SOLUTIONS TO WORKFLOW ERRORS.............................................................. 23

3.1 Sales Order .................................................................................................................. 26

3.2 Capital Commitment Project ...................................................................................... 26

3.3 Trip Approval (WS99000113) ...................................................................................... 27

3.4 HSE Incident Log (WS99000081) ................................................................................ 28

3.5 LMS Cancel Training (WS99000060) .......................................................................... 28

3.6 LMS Cancel Training (WS99000071) .......................................................................... 29

4. ALERT MANAGEMENT ........................................................................................ 31

5. WORKITEMS WITHOUT AGENTS ........................................................................ 32

5.1 Travel Work Items ....................................................................................................... 32

5.2 Leave Work Items ........................................................................................................ 32

5.3 HSE Incident Work Items ............................................................................................ 33

5.4 HSE Work Area Action Workitems ............................................................................. 35

6. TRACEABILITY MATRIX ...................................................................................... 38

7. WORK ITEM TEXT MATRIX .................................................................................. 40

8. WORKFLOW DETAILS ......................................................................................... 41 8.1 WS99000113 – Trip Approval ..................................................................................... 41

8.2 WS99000114 – Trip Expenses .................................................................................... 41

8.3 WS99000121/99000151 – Leave Approval ................................................................. 41

8.4 WS99000095 – HSE Action Monitoring ...................................................................... 42

8.5 WS90000022 – Employee Termination Notification .................................................. 42

8.6 WS90000055 – Contract Key Date Notification ......................................................... 42

8.7 WS90000038 – Contract Key Date Monthly Reminder .............................................. 43

SAP EDI IDoc+workflow实例

IDOC and Workflow

实例

一、业务场景(Business Scenario)：

公司的采购部门在SAP系统创建了一份询价单(RFQ)，通过EDI消息实时发送给了供应商Vendor；供应商的销售部门会得到工作流workflow通知，从而及时处理接收到的客户询价。 Own company –RFQ(EDI) ---- > Vendor (Sales)---- > received the notice of workflow

Create a RFQ in own SAP system ----EDI----> Vendor (Sales dept) ----> received the notice of

workflow in Vendor side

二、技术分析：

SAP标准为MM和SD的单据预定义了基于Message的EDI处理方式。IDoc是EDI的一种具体实现，基于ALE架构传递，我们可以用来处理SAP系统之间的数据交互，从而实现我们的业务需求。(ALE ---- > EDI ----- > IDOC)

ALE is working between different R/3 systems . And EDI is working between non-SAP and SAP

system .

三、实现步骤：

在本公司的SAP系统（记为系统A）创建物料(1-01-01)和供应商(11001)主数据：

TCODE: MM01

保存，物料创建OK。TCODE：MK01

保存，供应商创建OK。TCODE：ME41(create RFQ)

Header=>vendor address

工具栏=>overview, 返回后点选工具栏的messages

到达这一步后，需要创建一个EDI类型的Medium，partner function为LS（逻辑系统），partner为11001（对应供应商）的输出类型(先保存次RFQ，编号为6000000019，登配置好了，再通过ME42修改次RFQ的输出类型)。

SAP事务代码手册

常用事务代码文本Text0用于用户定制的弹出菜单Dialog Box for Customizing100信息: 显示条件表采购订单Messages: Disp. CondTab: Pur. Order184交货项目类别确定Delivery item category determination VRDC SD 为现有订单创建数据C SD Generate Data f. Orders on Hand$SEU资源库信息系统 INTERNALRepository Info System INTERNAL/SAPSMOSS/IQS1创建通知单Create notification/SAPSMOSS/IQS2修改通知单Change notification/SAPSMOSS/IQS3显示通知单Display notification/SAPSMOSS/M00R/3 通知R/3 notifications/SAPSMOSS/M01R/3 通知R/3 notifications/SAPSMOSS/M02R/3 通知R/3 notifications/SAPSMOSS/O01SAP 附件系统安装SAP add-on system installation/SAPSMOSS/O02SAP 附件系统版本SAP add-on system release/SAPSMOSS/O03SAP 数据库系统SAP database system/SAPSMOSS/O04SAP 操作系统前台Frontend for SAP operating system/SAPSMOSS/O05SAP 安装SAP installation/SAPSMOSS/O06SAP 操作系统SAP operating system/SAPSMOSS/O07SAP 版本SAP release/SAPSMOSS/O08SAP 系统类型SAP system type/SAPSMOSS/O09SAP 系统类型SAP system type/SAPSMOSS/QM10更改 R/3 通知的清单Change list of R/3 notificatiions/SAPSMOSS/QM11显示 R/3 通知的清单Display list of R/3 notifications/SAPSMOSS/QM12更改任务清单Change list of tasks/SAPSMOSS/QM13显示任务清单Display list of tasks/SAPSMOSS/QM19R/3 通知的清单,多个List of R/3 notifications, multilvl/SAPSMOSS/QM50时间行显示: R/3 通知Time line display:R/3 notifications/SAPSMOSS/U01更新 R/3 通知Updating R/3 notifications/SAPSMOSS/U02更新作业计划Update job planning/SAPSMOSS/U03更新作业概览Update job overview/SAPTRAIN/BC440WTDemo: Flight bookingsDemo: Flight bookings@@D调试程序 -> 文档Debugger -> Documentation0CJBQ1定制出具发票计划 PSCustomizing Billing Plan Ps0FPM001Define Standard Texts for Carry/FwdDefine Standard Texts for Carry/Fwd0FPM002Import Logo for ReportingImport Logo for Reporting0K01成本核算变式列表List of Costing Variants0KE0EC-PCA：实际数据的传送程序EC-PCA: Transfer prog. for act. data0KE1EC－PCA：删除业务数据EC-PCA: Delete transaction data0KE2EC－PCA：删除利润中心主数据EC-PCA: Del. profit ctr master data0KE3EC-PCA:删除事务数据（后台）EC-PCA:Delete Transaction Data(Bkgd)0KE4EC-PCA: 更新设置EC-PCA: Update settings0KE5EC-PCA: 控制范围设置EC-PCA: Controlling Area Settings0KE5_WIZARD激活利润中心会计Activate Profit Center Accounting0KE6EC-PCA: 平均余额分类帐EC-PCA: Average Balance Ledger常用事务代码文本Text0KE7EC-PCA: 维护基于时间的字段EC-PCA: Maintain Time-Based Fields0KE8EC-PCA:维护汇总字段EC-PCA:Maintain Summarization Fields0KEAEC-PCA: 维护报表树EC-PCA: Maintain report tree0KEBEC-PCA：生成报表EC-PCA: Generate reports0KEHEC-PCA: 报表清单EC-PCA: Report List0KEKEC-PCA: 科目确定EC-PCA: Account Determination0KELEC-PCA: 替代EC-PCA: Substitutions0KEMEC-PCA:维护替代EC-PCA: Maintain substitutions0KEMD_46C_UPGRADEEC-PCA: 升级利润中心主数据 <= 46BEC-PCA: Upgrade PrCtr MstData <= 46B0KEN对利润中心中货物移动的特殊处理Special handling, PrCtr goods mvmt0KEO作业在利润中心会计中Activities in Profit Center Accountg0KEPEC-PCA: 传输环境/主数据EC-PCA:Transport Environ/Master Data0KEQEC-PCA: 传输主数据EC-PCA: Transport Master Data0KEREC-PCA: 传输计划EC-PCA: Transport Planning0KESEC-PCA: 传输实际设置EC-PCA: Transport Actual Settings0KETEC-PCA: 传输信息系统EC-PCA: Transport Information System0KEUEC-PCA: 传输循环EC-PCA: Transport Cycles0KEWEC-PCA: 转换RW报表2.x -> 3.0EC-PCA: Conv. RW reports 2.x -> 3.00KEXEC-PCA: 转换记录总计2.x ->3.0EC-PCA: Conv. totals recs 2.x ->3.00KEX_ROLE工作流: 任务定制Workflow: Role Customizing0KEX_TASK工作流: 任务定制Workflow: Task Customizing0KEX1方便的执行服务Easy Execution Services0KEX2定制执行参数文件Customizing Execution Profile0KEX3定制执行参数文件Customizing Execution Profile0KEX4明细控制执行服务Detail Control Execution Services0KEYEC-PCA: 转换实际行项目2.x->3.0EC-PCA: Conv.act.line items 2.x->3.00KEZEC-PCA: 转换计划行项目2.x->3.0EC-PCA:Conv.plan line items 2.x->3.00KM1CO 变量维护：成本中心CO Variant Maintenance: Cost Centers0KMV列变量。CCA/ABC 主数据List Variants, CCA/ABC Master Data0KW1成本范围设置，业务处理CO Area Settings, Business Processes0KW2改变业务处理属性Change Business Process Attributes0KW3CO 变量维护：CO-OM-ABCCO Variant Maintenance: CO-OM-ABC0KW7主数据报告：成本对象Master Data Report: Cost Objects0KW9输入业务处理报表Import Business Process Reports0KWD删除业务处理Delete Business Processes0KWE当前 CO-OM-ABC 设置Current CO-OM-ABC Settings0KWLCO-OM-ABC: 修改处理目录CO-OM-ABC: Change Process Category0KWM基于作业的成本核算：消费者化Activity Based Costing: Customizing0KWN显示处理目录客户化Display Process Category Customizing0KWO维护业务处理的搜索帮助Maintain Search Help for Bus. Proc.0KWP显示业务处理的搜索帮助Display Search Help for Bus. Proc.0KWTCO-OM-ABC: 传送用户设置CO-OM-ABC: Transport Customizing0PM3Define Career Groups and TextsDefine Career Groups and Texts常用事务代码文本Text0PMDIKEYDistribution KeysDistribution Keys0SHP客户用户设置交货类型Customizing for delivery types0VI1维护选择变式计算Maintain selection variants calc.0VI2维护选择变式设置Maintain selection variants settl.0VI3选择变式收集的运行装船成本Selec.var. coll. run shipment costs0VI4选择变式收集的运行装船成本Selec.var. coll. run shipment costs0VLK客户用户设置交货类型Customizing for delivery types0VLP客户用户设置/交货项类目Customizing/deliv.item categories0VRF定义路线决定Definition of Route Determination0VSD统计组：运输服务中介Stat. Groups: Trans. Service Agent0VSE传输状态的度量单位Units of measmnt. for Transp. stat.0VSF统计更新：装运Statistics Update: Shipment0VSH定制全局发运参数Customizing Global Shipping Param.0VST统计组：装运类型Statistics Groups: Shipment Types0VSU分配统计组/装运类型Assign Statistics Group/Shipmnt Type0VT0维护选择变式Maintain Selection Variants0VT1维护装运负责人选择变式Maintain PersInChargOfShip SelectVar0VT2维护运输处理选择变量Maintain Tranport.Process. SelectVar0VT3维护选择变式注册Maintain Selection Var. Registration0VT4维护选择变式注册Maintain Selection Variant Registr.0VT5维护利用选择变量Maintain utilization select.variants0VT6维护可用能力选择变式Maintain free capacity sel. variants0VT7维护选择变式 F4 帮助Maintain Selection Variant F4 Help0VT9维护选择变式 F4 帮助Maintain Selection Variant F4 Help0VTA用户化装运类型Customizing Shipping Types0VTB运输的用户化模式Customizing Modes of Transport0VTC路径定义Route definition0VTCFP为货运代理设置运费计划Set Freight Planning for Fwdg Agents0VTCR定义路径Define routes0VTD运输连接点的定义Def. of Transp. Connection Point0VTE复合维护工艺路线阶段Multiple Maintenance Route Stages0VTG在运输计划系统中物料的累计Cumulation of Materials in TPS0VTGC累计商品 (运费计划)Cumulation of Matl (Freight Plng)0VTH插入物料累计到运输计划系统Insert Material Cumulation to TPS0VTI复制物料累计到运输计划系统Copy Material Cumulation to TPS0VTK定制运输类型Customizing Transport Types0VTKT分配装运类型的最终日期Assign deadlines to shipment types0VTL装运类型的活动参数文件Activity Profiles for Shipment Types0VTP运输计划入帐外部计划系统Tr.Planning Pos.ext. Planning System0VTR路径限制外部运输计划Route limits ext. Transport. Planng0VTRC运费计划的路线限制Route Limitation f. Freight Planning0VTS复制运输计划系统路径限制Copy TPS Route Restrictions0VTT复制运输计划系统路径限制Create TPS Route Restrictions

SAP业务流程管理（BPM）

第⼀节SAP 业务流程管理平台SAP致⼒于世界级⼤型ERP/CRM/SRM等软件领域的构建，实施，已经超过35年的历史。⽽当今的ERP对于商业成功和公司成长⽽⾔，其竞争本质已经不仅

限于软件产品的标准化，更⼤的挑战则是如何借助ERP平台或产品，对频繁变

动的业务需求和核⼼流程予以持续优化，从⽽实现企业资源的⾼效运作和有效

整合。针对这种企业应⽤的基本需求，SAP融合了ERP领域长期积累的已有经

验，在套装软件内部（如ERP/CRM/SRM内部），内嵌了⼀业务⼯作流平台，实

现套装软件内部流程的⾃动化流转以及审批。

⽽业务流程管理（BPM）是新出现的⼀种管理思想，它是从企业整体的⾓⾊分析企业的运营过程，对企业运营过程中的各个过程进⾏统⼀的管理，对各个

过程所需要各种资源进⾏统⼀的调度，在合适的时间将合适的任务交给合适的

⼈来进⾏处理，并允许管理者对业务的执⾏过程进⾏跟踪、分析、改进以达到

优化企业运作过程的⽬的。将企业级服务（Enterprise Service）作为企业流

程的构建基点，实现了对典型的企业需求，如待办事项、流程监控、业务流程

控制等普遍⽀持。

总之，SAP⼯作流平台是SAP套装软件内部的⼀个技术平台，它可以实现套装软件内部的流程⾃动化处理、多种⽅式的审批、以及流程的图形化设计。

⽽业务流程管理可以实现企业内部所有资源的整合，乃⾄企业与外部资源的流程整合。同时，业务流程管理平台还可以与SAP⼯作流平台相互融合，相合

协调，同时，⼜通过统⼀的待办事项将两者进⾏集中管理，使最终的⽤户⽆需

关⼼流程是运⾏在业务流程管理平台，还是⼯作流平台。1.SAP 商务套间中的业务⼯作流平台

SAP⼯作流是SAP系统中⼀个独⽴的技术模块，与其他的业务模块，如财务管理模块库存管理模块等⽆缝集成。⽤来定义那些和系统标准流程不匹配的业

务流程。这些流程可以从诸如下达或审批的简单流程，到诸如不同部门协作创

建物料数据的复杂流程。⼯作流特别适合于多次重复执⾏类型的业务⼯作流程。