高中英语人教版新教材选择性必修一Unit 1 People of Achievement 核心素养提能练

核心素养提能练

“阅读理解＋完形填空”组合练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

Heat has been used to control hair for hundreds of years.But how much is too much？If you

have ever opened a very hot oven，you know that heat can burn your eyebrows off your face very

quickly.A scientist from Purdue University in Indiana is trying to find a scientific answer on how

hot is too hot when it comes to your hair.

Many women and some men are very particular about their hair.Some people who have

naturally curly hair prefer to have it straightened.Others with straight hair want to have curls.Tahira

Reid is one of those people.As an African-American woman，she is familiar with the challenges of

maintaining(保养) curly hair.

Tahira Reid and other researchers at Purdue University are studying how heat treatment interacts with different types of hair and how to prevent damage.Amy Marconnet is an assistant

professor.She says the team is seeing how heat and temperature relate to their research.

In a Purdue University’s lab，team members designed a hair straightener tool—a flat iron

with temperature control.They attached it to a robotic arm that moved over pieces of hair.They

controlled the temperature while the device straightened hair.

What did they find？Their study found that the heat weakens or breaks a protein called

keratin，responsible for the hair’s shape，and temporarily changes it.But nobody knows exactly

what level can make the heat actually cause forever change.Researchers say early results are a bit

inconclusive.

It turns out that everyone’s hair is different and there’s no exact temperature where hair

straightening becomes hair damage.Ms Reid says they will continue their research in the hope of

finding what works best without damaging hair.

语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，人们可以使用热能改变头发的形状，科学家希望通过研究发现具体多高的温度才会破坏人们的头发。文章对这一研究做了具体说明。

1．What does the scientist want to find out?

A．Ways to protect our hair.

B．Ways to maintain curly hair.

C．The temperature that can damage hair.

D．The temperature that makes hair curly.

答案 C

解析 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，科学家想通过研究发现具体多高的温度才会破坏人们的头发。故C项正确。

2．The underlined part “those people” in Paragraph 2 refers to those who .

A．are African-Americans

B．love their hair very much

C．love making their hair curly

D．love changing their hairstyle

答案 D

解析 代词指代题。根据画线词前面两句“Some people who have naturally curly hair prefer to

have it straightened.Others with straight hair want to have curls.”可知，这些人想改变头发的形状，Tahira Reid就是其中之一。所以“those people”就是指那些想改变头发形状的人。故D项正确。

3．When the heat breaks a protein called keratin in the hair， .

A．the hair gets burned

B．the hair’s shape is changed

C．the hair is forever damaged

D．the hair surely becomes curly

答案 B

解析 推理判断题。根据第五段前两句可知，研究人员发现热能破坏了keratin，这一物质影响头发的形状，当它被破坏的时候，头发的形状也会发生改变。故B项正确。

Ⅱ.完形填空

I recently heard a story about a famous scientist who had made several very important medical

breakthroughs(突破)．He was being interviewed by a reporter who asked him 4 he thought he

was able to be so much more 5 than the average person.

He responded that it all came from a(n) 6 with his mother that happened when he was

about 2.He had been trying to 7 milk from the fridge when he 8 the slippery(光滑的)

bottle，its contents running all over the kitchen floor.

When his mother came in， 9 shouting at him or giving him a lecture，she said，“Robert，what a great and wonderful 10 you have ‘drawn’！ I have 11 seen such a huge pool

of milk.Well，the damage has already been 12 .Would you like to get down and 13 in the

milk for a few minutes before we clean it up？”

His mother then said，“You know，what we have here is a 14 experiment in how to

effectively carry a big milk bottle with two 15 hands.Let’s go out in the backyard and fill

the bottle with water and see if you can 16 it.” The little boy learned that if he 17 the

bottle at the top near the lip with both hands，he could carry it without dropping it.What a

wonderful 18 ！

This scientist learned that mistakes were just chances for learning something new and people

usually learn something valuable from it.

语篇解读 本文讲述了一个著名的科学家两岁时的一次经历。正是妈妈的鼓励和引导，使这位科学家懂得了人应该从错误中学习，不要害怕犯错误。

4．A.why B．what

C．when D．how

答案 A 解析 句意为：记者采访他问他，他认为为什么他能够比一般人更有创造力。此处表示原因，故选A。

5．A.active B．absent

C．creative D．honest

答案 C

解析 句意见上题解析。active积极的；absent缺席的；creative创造性的；honest 诚实的。故选C。

6．A.idea B．experience

C．accident D．defeat

答案 B

解析 idea想法；experience经历；accident 事故；defeat打败。句意为：他说那完全来自于在他两岁的时候，和妈妈一起的一次经历。故选B。

7．A.buy B．replace

C．remove D．protect

答案 C

解析 buy购买；replace替代；remove移动；protect保护。句意为：他一直试图把牛奶从冰箱里拿出来。故选C。

8．A.fell B．lost

C．escaped D．dropped

答案 D

解析 fall摔倒；lose丢失；escape逃走；drop下降，掉落。后文“he could carry it without