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重庆市第十一中学校2023-2024学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解Undersea AdventuresThis unique activity is a must-do and you don’t even need to know how to swim. Walk on the seabed using underwater helmets (头盔) or ride along under the waves on scooters (轻便小车). Children from 1.2 metres tall can walk on the seabed using helmets and the minimum height for the scooters is 1.4 metres tall. It is a unique experience that the whole family can do together. Just book with a deposit (订金) and pay the rest on the day of the activity.What is includedPick-up from your hotel in the Ayia Napa/Protaras areas;All equipment;Professional instruction, safety briefing and dive guidance;2.5 hours’ experience including 30 minutes’ diving.What is not includedPhotos of the dive (available to purchase if you’d like);Snacks and refreshments.Before you goYou may be required to complete a health questionnaire before you dive;Minimum age/height requirements: Helmets—width of shoulders 32 cm and height 120 cm, minimum age 6 years old; Scooters—height 140 cm and minimum age 13;Diving is in small groups of up to 6 people with helmets and up to 4 people on the scooters;No previous experience is necessary;Available every morning and afternoon from May to October, weather permitting. Please book at least 48 hours in advance.TicketsScooters cost €57 and include a deposit of €12;Helmets cost €47 and include a deposit of €12 (For adults);Helmets cost €37 and include a deposit of €7 (For children);No paper tickets are required for this tour;Emergency-contact number will be sent with your confirmation email.1．What can be learned about the activity?A．It demands full payment in advance.B．It is suitable for children of all ages.C．It enables tourists to walk or ride underwater.D．It provides free photographyservices for tourists.2．What is required of tourists?A．To spend at most 2 hours underwater.B．To book at least two days ahead.C．To take their own food and drink.D．To have rich experience of diving. 3．How much should a young couple and their kid pay for helmets?A．€36.B．€121.C．€131.D．€151.Wendell Berry was almost 30 when he packed up his life as a writer in New York and moved to Port Royal, a tiny community in Kentucky where generations of his forebears (祖先) had farmed the land. His friends thought he was mad. But he felt it was his inner calling to record the history of the place.Since moving to Port Royal in 1964, he has lived as if he were in the 19th century, writing by hand and ploughing (耕) his fields with horses. His eight novels and more than 50 short stories are usually set in Port William, a stand-in (替身) for Port Royal. Nick Offerman, an actor, wanted to adapt his work for the screen. However, the actor was refused.In Mr Berry’s opinion, humans must take care of the earth that grants them life. “The soil is the greatest connector of lives,” he has written. “Without proper care for it, we can have no community.” This philosophy dominates his writings. In The Unsettling of America, published in 1977, Mr Berry criticized the natural damage caused by large agribusinesses. He thinks capitalism has separated farming from culture and disconnected people from nature.Mr Berry’s fiction explores the decline of sociable values by following Port William’s interconnected clans (家族) as they enter the modern age. In Dismemberment, a short story, Andy Catlett loses a hand to a harvesting machine and becomes a loner. He sees his withdrawal is mistaken and reconnects with the town, finding “the wealth of the family history in his ancestral place (祖籍)”. In Hannah Coulter, Mr Berry’s seventh novel, the main character Hannah Coulter grows old after a sad life and anticipates loneliness when herchildren leave to find work in the city. Instead, her hope is restored when her grandson returns to run the farm.These stories offer insightful advice for readers living through ecological disaster. Though few can return to farming basics, Mr Berry’s messages of building communities, being a good neighbour and resisting the invitation of modern life are still valuable. Besides, his mission to find the “peace of wild things” is easily completed by spending a few hours in Port William.4．Why did Mr Berry’s friends regard him as mad?A．He moved to live in the countryside.B．He turned down Offerman’s request.C．He wrote most of his novels by hand.D．He gave up his career as a writer. 5．What do Mr Berry’s writings often imply?A．The challenges of farming in old days.B．The harmony between man and nature.C．The real benefits of large agri-businesses.D．The hard lives of his forebears inKentucky.6．What do Catlett and Coulter have in common?A．Both admire harvesting machines.B．Both are from the same novel.C．Both reconnect with the city.D．Both find sociable values again. 7．What would be the best title for the text?A．Wendell Berry: adaptation to new environments B．Wendell Berry: a strong voice for modern farmingC．Wendell Berry: journey to his shining rural tales D．Wendell Berry: a youngproductive writerZoologists track animals using global-positioning-system(GPS)tags(标签) which then return their data via satellite. Marine(海洋的)biologists have a harder time of it, though, because radio signals can’t pass through seawater. This makes it impossible either to receive GPS signals or to send any data collected back to base.That does not stop people tagging sea creatures. Data collected and stored in a tag can be sent to a satellite in bursts if the species in question is one that comes to the surface from time to time. A tag may also be recovered if the animal carrying it is caught by a fishing boat. Fisherfolk are typically paid a few hundred dollars per tag returned to its home laboratory.None of these methods, though, keeps accurate track of where the animal carrying thetag has been. For these and other reasons, it would therefore be useful to have a marine equivalent of GPS. And one is now being employed. The Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, in Massachusetts, hopes to fill the seas with sonic beacons(声波信标) that will play the role of GPS satellites.The sea is divided into distinct layers that have different temperatures. During the Second World War, American scientists showed that some of these layers act as sonic waveguides. They called them “sound fixing and ranging” (sofar) channels. Sound sent out in one of these channels echoes(回响) between the layers above and below, thus staying in the channel. Thus constrained(被约束)，a sound wave can travel hundreds of kilometers before it becomes too weak to detect.The sofar transmitters from Woods Hole are usually at an appropriate depth for the channel concerned. Every 12 hours they broadcast a 32-second-long location signal known as a pong. Pongs are so called because they are similar to sonar “pings”, but of lower frequency. In typical conditions a pong can be picked up 1,000 km away. By listening to the pongs from several beacons a receiver can calculate its location. Existing receivers for the two sofar transmitters are currently carried on free-floating instrument packs. But the plan is to have two more transmitters this year, and more in future years.8．Which sea creatures can GPS tags be applied to?A．Those feeding on other sea animals.B．Those following fishing boats constantly.C．Those coming out of the sea sometimes.D．Those swimming deep under the water.9．Why do sofar channels function?A．The echoes among them are weak.B．The water has a high temperature over there.C．The layers among them are quite similar.D．The sound remains there and stays strong for a while.10．What makes pings different from pongs?A．Pings are of higher frequency.B．Pings can travel faster than pongs.C．Pings can be received 1,000 km away.D．Pings are broadcasted every 32 seconds.11．What would be the best title for the text?A．Tags for sea creaturesB．“GPS” for the oceansC．Strange deep sea creaturesD．Data from distant satellites“This is the next revolution in flying,” says Mark Henning, European managing director of AutoFlight, a Chinese firm. Mr Henning is not alone in betting that electric vertical (垂直的) take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft have a bright future. The idea is that, being simpler, cheaper, greener and quieter than traditional helicopters (直升机), eVTOLs will be well suited to operate short-range passenger services across large urban areas, such as flying people between airports and city centres.Now, Mr Henning is setting up an operation at Augsburg Airport in Germany to further the development of Prosperity I, the company’s air taxi. Prosperity I can seat three passengers and a pilot. It is a hybrid between a helicopter and a fixed-wing plane. It takes off and lands vertically, using multiple rotors (旋翼), but these are switched off when it is in full flight. At that point a “pusher” propeller (螺旋桨) at the back takes over, to provide forward drive, and thus lift via the wings. This arrangement makes better use of the aircraft’s battery, giving Prosperity I a range of some 250 km.A model will be test-flown in Germany in order to obtain what is known as a type certificate from the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). This signifies the airworthiness of a new aircraft. Although AutoFlight is also seeking certification in China, the company thinks the addition of European approval will help speed the machine’s entry into service in other markets, too. It hopes to complete the approval process by 2025.There is uncertainty about how the rules will differ from place to place. Nonetheless, enough regulatory progress has been made. In America, Joby Aviation hopes next year to become the first to obtain a type certificate from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). In Europe, Volocopter, a German firm, hopes to provide air-taxi services for the 2024 Olympic Games in Paris.It is not only new firms which are getting into the business. Airbus is developing ideas for eVTOLs. So is Boeing. With so much effort and money going into this new form of air travel, some of these birds will surely be flying soon.12．Which of the following can replace the underline word “hybrid” in Paragraph 2?A．Symbol.B．Mixture.C．Concept.D．Application. 13．What is special about Prosperity I?A．It has no wings or rotors.B．It can hold three people at most.C．It is energy-efficient during its flight.D．It has a top speed of 250 km per hour on land.14．What is AutoFlight trying to do for Prosperity I?A．Obtain a type certificate from the FAA．B．Have it tested across the sky of America.C．Tailor a set of rules as soon as possible.D．Get it approved by European authorities.15．What is the author’s attitude towards eVTOLs?A．Optimistic.B．Concerned.C．Uncertain.D．Tolerant.Have you ever heard of underwater football? Underwater football has been called one ofand can be played under both indoor and outdoor water surfaces. Underwater football shares some common rules and play elements with other underwater sports like underwater hockey. As with those games, it is played in the deep end of a swimming pool with snorkeling(浮潜)equipment.The goal of the game is to score a point by placing a ball on the opponents’ side of the pool. The ball can only be possessed by players who completely stay underwater holding their breath. 17Just like on land, underwater football is a game of control and possession. 18 . When opposing players are in your space, you need to be able to recognize it quickly and take appropriate action.19 . Each team tries to get their ball into one end zone by either passing or running through underwater obstacles. The first team to reach the endpoint wins! Just five players are on the court at one time, despite each team having 13 players.To win the ball back or keep it away from your opponents, you must use all your strength and abilities underwater. 20 .A．To play it you need snorkeling equipment.B．Underwater football involves two teams of five players.C．The equipment necessary for underwater football isn’t very complex.D．The ball must be passed or dropped when players go to the surface for air.E．It is a sport that combines the fundamentals of football with the excitement of diving.F．To play well, you need to master the basics of spacial awareness and decision-making.G．All these skills require practice if you want to become an expert at this exciting sport.二、完形填空You witness a man uses abusive (辱骂的) language towards his mother in a grocery22．A．Hopefully B．Thankfully C．Undoubtedly D．Unfortunately 23．A．knocked B．faced C．suffered D．blocked 24．A．at risk B．in anger C．at a loss D．in a hurry 25．A．all B．either C．both D．neither 26．A．talent B．gift C．ability D．habit 27．A．adopting B．adapting C．replacing D．rebuilding 28．A．artificial B．beneficial C．impossible D．improper 29．A．firmly B．indirectly C．severely D．confidently 30．A．topic B．conversation C．atmosphere D．worry 31．A．cause B．option C．reality D．effect 32．A．blame B．fund C．inform D．post 33．A．help B．confirm C．escape D．delay 34．A．tip B．trick C．cheat D．warning 35．A．careful B．nervous C．scared D．worried三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Adaptation and Survival in Natural Selection Adaptation and survival in natural selection is a fascinating and complex process that has been shaping the diversity of life on Earth for millions of years. From the smallest microorganisms to the largest mammals, every living organism has evolved through the mechanism of natural selection to better suit its environment and increase its chances of survival. This process has led to the incredible diversity of life that we see today, with each species uniquely adapted to its specific niche in the ecosystem.One of the key aspects of adaptation and survival in natural selection is the concept of genetic variation. Genetic variation refers to the diversity of genes within a population, which is essential for natural selection to occur. Without genetic variation, there would be no raw material for evolution to work with, and species would not be able to adapt to changing environmental conditions. Genetic variation can arise through a variety of mechanisms, including mutations, genetic recombination, and gene flow between different populations. These mechanisms create the diversity of traits within a population, some of which may confer a survival advantage in certain environments.Another important aspect of adaptation and survival in natural selection is the role of environmental pressures. The environment plays a crucial role in shaping the traits of a species, as individuals with traits that are better suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. For example, in a harsh desert environment, individuals with traits that allow them to conserve water and tolerate high temperatures are more likely to survive and pass on their genes to the next generation. Over time, this can lead to the evolution of specific adaptations that are well suited to the unique challenges of the desert environment.In addition to genetic variation and environmental pressures, the concept of fitness is central to understanding adaptation and survival in natural selection. Fitness refers to the ability of an individual to survive and reproduce in its environment, and is ultimately what drives the process of natural selection. Individuals with traits that increase their fitness are more likely to pass on their genes to the next generation, leading to the spread of thoseadvantageous traits within the population. As a result, the population as a whole becomes better adapted to its environment, increasing its chances of survival.It is important to note that adaptation and survival in natural selection is not a perfect or predetermined process. Evolution does not have a specific goal or endpoint, and the traits that increase an individual's fitness in one environment may be detrimental in another. Additionally, environmental conditions are constantly changing, which means that what is advantageous today may not be advantageous tomorrow. As a result, natural selection is an ongoing and dynamic process, with species constantly adapting to new challenges and opportunities in their environment.From a human perspective, the concept of adaptation and survival in natural selection can be both awe-inspiring and humbling. The incredible diversity of life on Earth, and the myriad ways in which species have adapted to their environments, is a testament to the power of natural selection. It is a reminder of the interconnectedness of all living things, and the delicate balance that exists within ecosystems. At the same time, it serves as a stark reminder of the fragility of life, and the constant struggle for survival that is inherent to all living organisms.In conclusion, adaptation and survival in natural selection is a fundamental process that has shaped the diversity of life on Earth. Through genetic variation, environmental pressures, and the concept of fitness, species have evolved and adapted to their environments over millions of years. From a human perspective, this process is both inspiring and humbling, serving as a reminder of the interconnectedness and fragility of life. As our understanding of natural selection continues to grow, so too does our appreciation for the incredible diversity and resilience of the natural world.。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-东北大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.翻译题Passage One⑴None of the much flaunted appeals of cigarette advertisers, such as superior taste and mildness, induces us to become smokers or to choose one brand in preference to another. Despite the emphasis put on such qualities by advertisers, they are minor considerations. This is one of the first facts we discovered when we asked several hundred people from all walks of life, why they liked to smoke cigarettes. Smoking is as much a psychological pleasure as it is a physiological satisfaction.What is the nature of this psychological pleasure? It can be traced to the universal desire for self-expression. (2) None of us ever completely outgrows our childhood. We are constantly hunting for the carefree enjoyment we knew as children. As we grew older, we had to subordinate our pleasures to work and to the necessity for unceasing effort. Smoking, for many of us, then, became a substitute for our early habit of following the whims of the moment; it becomes a legitimate excuse for interrupting work and snatching a moment of pleasure.Most of us are hungry for rewards. We want to be patted on the back. A cigarette is a reward that we can give ourselves as often as we wish. When we have done anything well, for instance, we can congratulate ourselves with a cigarette, which certifies, in effect, that we have been “good boys.”Passage Two(3) There is increasing media coverage surrounding carbon footprints. Businesses are facing mounting stakeholder pressure to show their commitment to measuring and reducing carbon emissions. As awareness amongst consumers is growing, organizations are being asked to report on the activities they are undertaking to reduce their carbon footprint. Until recently, most carbon offsets were commonly done by planting trees.Yet how effective are new trees in offsetting the carbon footprint? A new study suggests that the location of the new trees is an important factor when considering such carbon offset projects. (4) Planting and preserving forests in the tropics is more likely to slow down global warming. But the study concludes that planting new trees in certain parts of the planet may actually warm the Earth. The new study, which combines climate and carbon-cycle effects of large-scale deforestation in a fully interactive three-dimensional climate-carbon model, confirms that planting more tropical rainforests could help slow global warming worldwide.The research, led by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory atmospheric scientist Govindasamy Bala, appears in the April 9-13 online edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.According to the study, new forests in mid-to high-latitude locations could actually create a net warming. Specifically, more trees in mid-latitude locations like the United States and most of Europe would only create marginal benefits from a climate perspective. But those extra trees in the boreal forests of Canada, Scandinavia and Siberia could actually be counterproductive, Bala said.Forests affect climate in three different ways: they absorb the greenhouse gas ― carbon dioxide — from the atmosphere and help keep the planet cool; they evaporate water to the atmosphere and increase cloudiness, which also helps keep the planet cool; and they are dark and absorb sunlight (the albedo effect), warming the Earth. Previous climate change mitigation strategies that promote planting trees have taken only the first effect into account.“Our study shows that only tropical rainforests are strongly beneficial in helping slow down global warming,” Bala said. “It is a win-win situation in the tropics because trees in the tropics, in addition to absorbing carbon dioxide, promote convective clouds that help to cool the planet. In other locations, the warming from the albedo effect either cancels or exceeds the net cooling from the other two effects.”The study concludes that by the year 2100, forests in mid-and high-latitudes will make some places up to 10 degrees Fahrenheit warmer than would have occurred if the forests did not exist.(5) The authors caution that the cooling from deforestation outside the tropics should not be viewed as a strategy for mitigating climate change. “Preservation of ecosystems is a primary goal of preventing global warming, and the destruction of ecosystems to prevent global warming would be a counterpr oductive and perverse strategy.” Said Ken Caldeira, from the Carnegie Institution and a co-author of this report.Directions: Each of the following two passages has some underlined parts. Translate the underlined parts into Chinese and write your translation on the Answer Sheet.【答案】Passage One（1）【参考译文】香烟广告商所十分炫耀的香烟吸引力中，如出众的味道和温和，没有一种引诱我们去变为吸烟者或偏好地选择一个品牌。
《2024年高考英语新课标卷真题深度解析与考后提升》专题05阅读理解D篇（新课标I卷）原卷版(专家评价+全文翻译+三年真题+词汇变式+满分策略+话题变式)目录一、原题呈现P2二、答案解析P3三、专家评价P3四、全文翻译P3五、词汇变式P4(一)考纲词汇词形转换P4(二)考纲词汇识词知意P4(三)高频短语积少成多P5(四)阅读理解单句填空变式P5(五)长难句分析P6六、三年真题P7(一)2023年新课标I卷阅读理解D篇P7(二)2022年新课标I卷阅读理解D篇P8(三)2021年新课标I卷阅读理解D篇P9七、满分策略（阅读理解说明文）P10八、阅读理解变式P12 变式一：生物多样性研究、发现、进展6篇P12变式二：阅读理解D篇35题变式（科普研究建议类）6篇P20一原题呈现阅读理解D篇关键词: 说明文;人与社会;社会科学研究方法研究;生物多样性; 科学探究精神;科学素养In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect.“With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observation s of different species with the aid of a mobile application,” said Barnabas Daru, who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences. “These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens(标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable?”Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns.“We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,” said Daru.Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features.What can we do with the imperfect datasets of biodiversity?“Quite a lot,” Daru explained. “Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places – and even species – that are not w ell-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image.”32. What do we know about the records of species collected now?A. They are becoming outdated.B. They are mostly in electronic form.C. They are limited in number.D. They are used for public exhibition.33. What does Daru’s study focus on?A. Threatened species.B. Physical specimens.C. Observational data.D. Mobile applications.34. What has led to the biases according to the study?A. Mistakes in data analysis.B. Poor quality of uploaded pictures.C. Improper way of sampling.D. Unreliable data collection devices.35. What is Daru’s suggestion for biodiversity apps?A. Review data from certain areas.B. Hire experts to check the records.C. Confirm the identity of the users.D. Give guidance to citizen scientists.二答案解析三专家评价考查关键能力，促进思维品质发展2024年高考英语全国卷继续加强内容和形式创新，优化试题设问角度和方式，增强试题的开放性和灵活性，引导学生进行独立思考和判断，培养逻辑思维能力、批判思维能力和创新思维能力。
湖南省名校大联考2024-2025学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题一、阅读理解When the first modern Olympics kicked off in Athens in 1896, it wasn’t clear whether they’d last. However, it continued in 1900 and 1904, but not as a main attraction. Some of the Olympic events might seem a bit unusual to today’s sports fans.Chariot (战车) RacingStarting around 684 B．C．, drivers raced each other in horse-drawn chariots at the Olympics, sometimes crashing into one another. Only men could join in Olympic events as athletes, but wealthy women could show their support for chariots as sponsors. Because it was a chariot’s funder who received the victory title, not the racer himself, this was the only way women could “win” at the Olympics.Hot Air Balloon RacingThe 1896 Olympics lasted less than two weeks; but the 1900 Olympics, which were tied to the months-long world’s fair in Paris, ran from May to October. With the expanded time, the 1900 Olympics featured many more athletes and events than the 1896 Olympics, including various hot air balloon competitions. Hot air balloon drivers competed in terms of distance traveled, altitude reached and best photograph taken from a balloon. However, hot air balloon racing made its appearance for the first time and also the last time in 1900.Live Pigeon (鸽子) ShootingAnother event that appeared first at the 1900 Olympics was live pigeon shooting. In this competition, organizers set free pigeons into the air in front of a competitor, who then shot as many as possible. The winner was a Belgian man named Leon de Lun, who shot 21 pigeons. Altogether, the competitors killed around 300 pigeons. Luckily, live pigeon shooting only appeared at the Olympics once.PaintingStarting with the 1912 Olympics in Stockholm and continuing until the 1948 games in London, the Olympics held art competitions in painting as well as sculpture, music, architectureand literature. Some people competed in both the sports and art competitions, and two people even won medals in both fields. The art competitions were called off because so many competitors were professional artists, and the Olympics were supposed to make the amateurs(people who didn’t get paid for their athletic or artistic talent) shine.1．How could a woman be involved in Chariot Racing?A．By training a chariot driver.B．By funding a chariot.C．By competing in the race herself.D．By cheering for her favorite chariot driver. 2．What do Hot Air Balloon Racing and Live Pigeon Shooting have in common?A．They were accepted as Olympic events only once in history.B．They required excellent skills in photography.C．They involved the use of animals as a necessary part.D．They were warmly welcomed by the audience.3．Why were the art competitions removed from the Olympic Games?A．The costs of organizing them were too high.B．The quality of the artistic works was far from satisfactory.C．The competitors didn’t meet the organizer’s expectations.D．The Olympic Games focused more on promoting sports than arts.The National Geographic Society (NGS), a global nonprofit organization, honors this year’s National Geographic Explorer of the Year—biologist and environmentalist Fernando Trujillo— and celebrates his accomplishments in protecting the Amazonian river dolphin.In honor of his great contribution to working with local communities in South America to co-create measures that protect endangered marine(海洋的) wildlife and ecosystems, the NGS is pleased to announce that Fernando Trujillo is the 2024 winner of the Rolex National Geographic Explorer of the Year Award.The award recognizes a member of the National Geographic Explorer community who tries his best to raise awareness of important issues, discoveries and challenges facing our planet to generate a sustainable(可持续的) future.“Fernando is a solutions-driven changemaker who has spent more than 30 years researching and explaining key issues that impact our planet,” said Jill Tiefenthaler, CEO of the NGS. “Hiswork in South America enhances protection for endangered wildlife and supports sustainable practices for the betterment of local communities. The Society is especially proud to name Fernando the 2024 National Geographic Explorer of the Year to show the positive, significant difference he continues to make for our planet and those who call it home.”Fernando has had a long history with the Society, receiving his first award in 2008 to study the Amazonian river dolphins in Brazil and Peru. Fernando has spent decades studying wildlife with special attention to the Amazonian pink river dolphins in South America.“As the Amazonia experiences some of the most extreme climate disasters in decades, it is important to shine a spotlight on this issue, conduct deeper research and generate solutions to protect this region,” says Fernando. “Through this award, the Society is providing a loudspeaker for me to reach a global audience and encourage them to learn more and to care about the changes impacting our planet.”4．Who is most likely to receive the National Geographic Explorer of the Year Award?A．An individual who discovers the most new species.B．A scientist who contributes a lot to space exploration.C．A community member who spares no effort to make a sustainable planet.D．An environmentalist who raises the most funds for environmental protection.5．What does Jill Tiefenthaler’s statement suggest about Fernando’s work?A．It is full of danger.B．It targets climate effects.C．It centers on solving problems.D．It benefits those without home.6．What impact does the award have on Fernando?A．It will increase his influence around the world.B．It will bring financial support for his future work.C．It will provide opportunities for him to work with government.D．It will enable him to learn more about extreme climate disasters.7．Which of the following can best describe Fernando?A．Adventurous and lonely.B．Devoted and responsible.C．Famous and ambitious.D．Innovative and imaginative.Whole corn is good for you, but many of its processed varieties are not. The long-termhealth consequences of over-consumption may be significant.While most of us are encouraged to “eat more fruits and vegetables”, we probably don’t realize just how much one vegetable has become part of our daily diet. People in the United States eat more than 672 billion pounds of corn per year, which breaks down to more than 2,000 pounds per person annually.Eating the whole form of corn — which is also considered a grain — at a summer dinner, as popcorn, or as corn flour has undoubted health benefits such as lowering one’s risk of cancer, stroke, and heart disease. But most of us are consuming less whole corn and far more processed corn in the form of corn oil, corn starch, cornmeal, and high fructose corn syrup(果葡糖浆) — which can contribute to negative health effects including high blood pressure and high blood sugar.As a main ingredient in various processed foods and animal feed, corn has had a huge impact on diets globally. It has significantly influenced American and global food systems, promoting diets high in processed foods and animal fat, and low in fiber (纤维) and nutritional diversity.Indeed, most of us are unaware that we are consuming corn derivatives (派生物) in countless food sources including biscuits and bread, baby foods, chewing gum, doughnuts, ice cream, candies, processed meat, canned fruit, and most soft drinks.Is processed corn bad for you? Absolutely. This is most obvious in the byproducts of corn that have been shown to have negative health outcomes.High fructose corn syrup has been linked to increased risks of overweight, heart disease, and type 2 diabetes. Some studies suggest that high fructose corn syrup increases markers of inflammation (炎症) even more than table sugar. High fructose corn syrup makes up about 40 percent of our added sugars, so avoiding foods with it is one way to naturally lower added sugar intake.8．When it comes to processed corn, ________.A．the more, the better B．quality should come firstC．there is no one-size-fits-all rule D．more is not necessarily better9．How has corn impacted global diets?A．It has led to a reduction in sugar intake.B．It has played a main role in many processed foods.C．It has greatly increased the variety of nutritious foods.D．It has reduced the consumption of fruits and vegetables.10．What can be learned about high fructose corn syrup?A．It has a better taste than table sugar.B．It mainly consists of added sugars.C．It provides another healthy choice for people.D．It may make one take in sugar without knowing it.11．What is the author’s attitude toward corn consumption?A．Impersonal.B．Uncaring.C．Opposed.D．Supportive.Scientists are using new technology to help endangered animals by listening to their sounds. The research, conducted by The University of Warwick and The University of New South Wales in Australia, studies animal sounds from endangered species including that of elephants, whales and birds.It uses a new method adapted from tech used to study brain waves in neuroscience. Analysis of animal sounds can be used to estimate their population size, to check what animals live in a particular area, to understand their migration patterns, and to understand any negative impacts they may experience due to the increasing levels of noise created by human activity that is occurring in most of their habitats. Such knowledge is necessary in developing environmental management and protection strategies.The new method was shown to be more precise than the traditional ones. While testing this new method, called the Superlet transform, the study also revealed some previously unreported details in animal sounds. For example, the Asian elephant call isn’t just made up of continuous sounds, but also contains sounds that are “pulsed”, or regularly timed waves of sound energy.“The new method achieves greater precision while making it easier to use for those with less specialized training, so it should prove to be a hugely valuable tool for animal sound researchers that don’t have an engineering background,” said Lead Researcher Ben Jancovich, a PhD candidate from The University of New South Wales.Current methods have difficulty in precisely revealing both the rhythms and pitch (音高) ofsounds at the same time. These limitations are more pronounced at lower frequencies, influencing the analysis of sounds like those made by blue whales — gentle giants of the sea, sadly listed as an endangered species.The new technology will be free for people to use, through a simple-to-use app, making it easy for researchers from different fields to use, without needing wide knowledge of audio signal analysis.12．What is mainly talked about in paragraph 2?A．The significance of proper animal protection laws.B．The applications of animal sound analysis.C．The challenge faced by animal populations.D．The techniques used to study brain waves.13．Why is the Asian elephant mentioned?A．To show the performance of the Superlet transform.B．To stress the uniqueness of Asian elephants’ calls.C．To emphasize the importance of studying animal sounds.D．To compare the difference in sounds between Asian elephants and other species. 14．What does the underlined word “pronounced” in paragraph 5 mean?A．Varied.B．Complicated.C．Rare.D．Noticeable. 15．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A．Increasing Levels of Noises Affect AnimalsB．A Simple App Precisely Tracks Sounds of AnimalsC．Unreported Details in Animal Sounds Have Been FoundD．New Sound Tech Helps Save Animals from ExtinctionFor many people, finding happiness is the first goal, sometimes even more valuable than material achievement and success. How can you change happiness into lasting feelings of satisfaction?The difference between happiness and satisfaction16 Happiness is short, a moment of joy and confident, enjoyable feelings. Life satisfaction, on the other hand, is more long-lived, based on real progress and achievements, suchas your relationships, personal development, work, health and comfort. 17 And it is about your good life. In other words, satisfaction is more subjective (主观的) and personal and completely up to you.There is another way to think of the difference between happiness and satisfaction. Happiness is being happy in your life. 18 Life satisfaction is being happy about your life. It is the positive feeling you get when you talk about the past and about your life as a whole.How to build a life of satisfactionBuilding a life of satisfaction is not easy. 19 One of the things to do in search of life satisfaction is to cut down on people- pleasing behavior. This includes learning to be completely true to yourself, your dreams, your needs and freeing yourself from doing things for the wrong reasons.Another thing to work on is facing your fears and being willing to take risks. If there is one thing that is satisfying, it’s conquering (征服) something you are afraid of and choosing to do it anyway.20 You spend a lot of your waking hours at work and feeling satisfied with your life can have a great deal to do with how you are choosing to spend your time and how much value you put on that.A．In fact, it requires a lot of work.B．This will help us to grow as a person.C．It is also important to find meaning at work.D．Happiness and satisfaction are not the same thing.E．After all, satisfaction is a wonderful state of happiness.F．Satisfaction is also more about your own personal values.G．It can be experienced immediately, the moment it takes place.二、完形填空My childhood was difficult, because my parents separated when I was just 2. I lived with my mother. Our 21 situation was far from good. My mother would 22 to her friend’s house every morning, where she would help them with the housework. 23 , they would giveus food. Later, she worked as a full-time housework servant (佣人) on condition that they would let me stay with her, 24 that she could take care of all my needs. To our great 25 , my grandmother also supported us.The 26 point came when I was 5, when Children International, a nonprofit organization, came to my hometown. They 27 my name on the list of people to be helped. Soon, a kind-hearted person appeared, and the organization 28 us. Such happiness! When I received my first gift in my life from the kind-hearted person, I was 29 . Up until then, I didn’t know how important Children International would be in my life. I happily received all of the gifts in the following years.I always wanted to be a 30 , and Children International helped me with that dream. It gave me the opportunity to study through a HOPE education scholarship. I 31 as the best student because I really wanted it and I wanted to improve more and more each day.32 , I’m working as a nurse for the second year. I am 33 to have had Children International’s help, which contributed to making my dream a(n) 34 .Looking back, I am also filled with 35 for the care and love my mother always expressed to me, whatever her own personal struggles.21．A．physical B．economic C．mental D．present 22．A．call B．drive C．head D．wander 23．A．In return B．By chance C．For example D．As usual 24．A．dreaming B．proving C．supposing D．ensuring 25．A．credit B．relief C．satisfaction D．surprise 26．A．turning B．gathering C．starting D．closing 27．A．ignored B．removed C．placed D．remembered 28．A．greeted B．matched C．observed D．impressed 29．A．proud B．embarrassed C．ambitious D．excited 30．A．doctor B．teacher C．writer D．nurse31．A．set off B．caught on C．stood out D．came up 32．A．Naturally B．Currently C．Hopefully D．Strangely 33．A．regretful B．free C．curiosity D．thankful 34．A．reality B．necessity C．honor D．adventure35．A．admiration B．desire C．pity D．responsibility三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
小学下册英语第四单元测验试卷英语试题一、综合题(本题有100小题，每小题1分，共100分.每小题不选、错误，均不给分)1.The Earth's crust is constantly being reshaped by ______ forces.2.The __________ (历史的展现) reflects our journey.3.The _______ (老虎) is known for its strength.4.The chemical formula for aluminum sulfate is _____.5.I have _____ (ten/twenty) fingers.6.__________ (惰性气体) are used in lighting and welding due to their non-reactive nature.7.The _____ (松鼠) stores acorns for winter.8.My __________ likes gardening. (妈妈)9.My grandmother loves to __________. (讲故事)10.I love to ______ (dance) to music.11.Which holiday celebrates the New Year?A. ChristmasB. ThanksgivingC. New Year's DayD. Halloween答案:C12.His favorite color is ________.13.My hamster loves to explore its ______ (笼子).14.What do you call a person who flies an airplane?A. PilotB. EngineerC. MechanicD. Navigator答案:A15.What is the capital of Nigeria?A. LagosB. AbujaC. KanoD. Port Harcourt答案:B16.What is the sound of a clock?A. Tick-tockB. RingC. BeepD. Buzz答案:A17.She is _____ (practicing) her dance moves.18.What is the name of the longest river in the world?A. AmazonB. NileC. MississippiD. Yangtze答案:B19.There are _____ (三) birds in the tree.20._____ (根系) help to absorb water and nutrients.21.My brother is good at ____ (drawing) cartoons.22.The ________ (环境适应策略) is developed over time.23.The ancient Egyptians built temples for their ________.24.The sky is _______ (很蓝)。
小学上册英语第2单元真题试卷英语试题一、综合题(本题有100小题，每小题1分，共100分.每小题不选、错误，均不给分)1.The invention of the printing press revolutionized the spread of _____.2.What is 15 divided by 3?A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 6C 53.I want to ________ a new bike.4.What is the main language spoken in France?A. SpanishB. FrenchC. ItalianD. GermanB5.The chemical symbol for scandium is ______.6.The _____ is a region of space with a lot of stars.7.My brother is playing ________.8.The ________ (cello) is a musical instrument.9. A reaction that occurs between an acid and a base produces ______.10.What color is an orange?A. BlueB. OrangeC. GreenD. PurpleB11.What is the opposite of "happy"?A. SadB. AngryC. JoyfulD. ExcitedA12.The chemical formula for barium hydroxide is _____.13.The __________ (未来展望) shapes our dreams.14.What is the main ingredient in a cake?A. FlourB. SaltC. SugarD. ButterA15.I like _______ (观察) the stars at night.16.Liquid nitrogen is used as a _____ (cryogenic fluid) in laboratories.17.What do you call a young female horse?A. ColtB. FillyC. MareD. FoalB18.The fruit salad is ________ (新鲜).19.What is the opposite of 'wet'?A. DryB. DampC. MoistD. All of the aboveD20.His favorite singer is a ________.21.The ______ thrives in tropical climates.22.I love _____ (toys/books).23.What do we call a person who studies physical activity?A. KinesiologistB. PhysiotherapistC. Exercise ScientistD. All of the above24.I want to be a ________ when I grow up.25.I love to watch _____ (蝴蝶) visit the flowers.26.My aunt loves to __________. (种花)27.What do you call a group of lions?A. PackB. PrideC. FlockD. Pod28.What is the name of the process plants use to make food?A. PhotosynthesisB. RespirationC. DigestionD. Fermentation29.The birds _______ (飞) in the sky.30.Many fruits grow from _____ (树) or bushes.31.The _____ (树冠) provides shelter for birds.32. A chemical reaction requires a change in ______.33.I love chocolate ___. (cake)34. A tortoise can live for over a ________________ (百年).35.Can you help me _____ (find/lose) my toy?36. A __________ is a famous mountain range in North America.37.The __________ (文化差异) can enrich social interactions.38.I can see a ___. (star)39.He is my best _____ (同学).40.The _____ (向日葵) is tall and bright.41.What do we call a story that is believed to be true but cannot be proven?A. FableB. MythC. LegendD. FolkloreC42.I like to eat _____ for lunch. (sandwiches)43.The _______ (马) is running fast.44.The __________ is a famous mountain range in the United States. (落基山脉)45.What is 18 + 2?A. 19B. 20C. 21D. 22B46.What do we call the place where we can see old things?A. MuseumB. GalleryC. LibraryD. Theater47.The process of photosynthesis converts sunlight into __________.48.My brother is a ______. He enjoys video editing.49.What is the name of the holiday celebrated in October?A. ThanksgivingB. HalloweenC. ChristmasD. New YearB50.The __________ (国际关系) influence trade and travel.51.Which season comes after summer?A. SpringB. WinterC. FallD. SummerC52.My brother collects ________.53.I found a ___ in my pocket. (coin)54.We visit the zoo to see ______ (动物).55.My dream job is __________ because I want to __________.56.I enjoy ___ (making) new friends.57.我的朋友喜欢 _______ (活动). 她觉得这很 _______ (形容词)58. A ______ (蜗牛) moves very slowly.59.The _____ (栽培) of plants is an important skill.60.What is the term for a young monkey?A. KidB. PupC. InfantD. BabyD Baby61.Kittens are baby _________ (猫).62.The capital of Nicaragua is ________ (马那瓜).63.What do we call an animal that eats both plants and meat?A. HerbivoreB. CarnivoreC. OmnivoreD. InsectivoreC64.What is the term for animals that eat both plants and meat?A. HerbivoresB. CarnivoresC. OmnivoresD. InsectivoresC65.The horse helps on the ______ (农场) and carries loads.66.I love to ________ (探险) in nature.67.What do we call the first meal of the day?A. LunchB. DinnerC. BrunchD. BreakfastD Breakfast68.The goat will eat almost anything, including ______ (纸).69.My uncle is a ____ (doctor) who helps sick people.70.I enjoy ______ (旅行) during the summer.71.What do we call the tool used to measure temperature?A. BarometerB. ThermometerC. HydrometerD. Altimeter72.My sister loves her _________ (玩具马) that she brushes every day.73.What is the capital of Armenia?A. YerevanB. GyumriC. VanadzorD. ArtashatA74.The ______ (小鸟) chirps in the morning.75.What do we call the process of changing from a gas to a liquid?A. EvaporationB. CondensationC. FreezingD. Melting76.Plant cells have a ______ (细胞壁) that protects them.77.The _____ (pollen) is carried by the wind.78.My teacher is ______ (善良). She always helps us with our ______ (功课).79.She is a musician, ______ (她是一位音乐家), performing at concerts.80.My mom makes the best ________.81. A ______ is a type of sea creature with tentacles.82.The __________ is the transition zone between different rock types.83.We will have a ________ (展览) at school.84.What is the capital of the Central African Republic?A. BanguiB. BouarC. BerberatiD. BambariA85.The lizard can lose its _______ (尾巴) to escape.86.__________ changes involve the formation of new substances.87.I can create a show using my ________ (玩具名称).88.The ______ (小鼠) scurries quickly across the floor.89.The ______ helps us learn about physical fitness.90.What is the name of the event where people come together to celebrate a festival?A. GatheringB. PartyC. CeremonyD. FestivalD91.__________ (酶) are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms.anic compounds contain carbon and ______.93.Carbon dioxide is produced during ______.94.What is the term for a baby goat?A. KidB. CalfC. LambD. FoalA95.The ______ (熊) hibernates during the winter months.96.The garden is ______ with flowers. (full)97.Did you see that _____ (小狗) digging in the dirt?98.What is the capital of Japan?A. TokyoB. BeijingC. SeoulD. BangkokA99.中国的历史上有很多著名的________ (battles)，如赤壁之战。
2024年考研英语二新增的词汇可能会包括以下内容：
1. Artificial Intelligence (AI) - 人工智能
2. Virtual Reality (VR) - 虚拟现实
3. Augmented Reality (AR) - 增强现实
4. Internet of Things (IoT) - 物联网
5. Blockchain - 区块链
6. Cryptocurrency - 加密货币
7. Big data - 大数据
8. Cloud computing - 云计算
9. E-commerce - 电子商务
10. Sharing economy - 共享经济
11. Green energy - 绿色能源
12. Sustainable development - 可持续发展
13. Cybersecurity - 网络安全
14. Globalization - 全球化
15. Smart city - 智能城市
16. Digitalization - 数字化
17. Internet censorship - 互联网审查
18. Online education - 在线教育
19. Remote work - 远程工作
20. Social media - 社交媒体
这些词汇是当前社会和科技发展中比较常见的新词汇，可能在考研英语二中出现。
请注意，这只是一些可能的词汇，具体以考试题目为准。
2024届四川省成都市金牛区成都外国语学校高三下学期零诊模拟英语试题一、听力选择题1．What will Matthew do on the weekend?A．Attend an exhibition.B．Enter a contest.C．Visit China.2．Where do the speakers want to go?A．To a supermarket.B．To a bank.C．To a restaurant. 3．When will the man see the film?A．At 1:30 p.m.B．At 3:30 p.m.C．At 5:30 p.m.4．What are the speakers mainly talking about?A．A noisy night.B．A place of living.C．Their sleeping habits. 5．Why did the man call the woman last night?A．To give her fruits.B．To invite her to a party.C．To ask for her cousin’s number.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．How does the man feel about the woman’s suggestion?A．A bit disappointed.B．Very satisfied.C．Greatly surprised. 7．What will the speakers do on Friday evening?A．Go shopping.B．Eat out.C．Pick up their children.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．Where does the conversation probably take place?A．In a hotel.B．On a plane.C．On a lake.9．Why will the man go to Chicago?A．To attend a meeting.B．To visit his sister.C．To start university.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
高二英语气候变迁阅读理解25题1<背景文章>Climate change is one of the most significant challenges facing our planet today. The Earth's climate has been changing for millions of years, but in recent decades, the rate of change has accelerated dramatically. Global temperatures are rising, causing a wide range of impacts. One of the most visible effects is the melting of glaciers and ice caps, which is leading to a rise in sea levels. This poses a serious threat to coastal communities and low-lying islands.The increase in temperature is also affecting weather patterns. We are seeing more extreme weather events such as hurricanes, floods, droughts, and wildfires. These events can cause significant damage to infrastructure, agriculture, and human lives.Another consequence of climate change is the disruption of ecosystems. Many species are struggling to adapt to the changing climate, and some may even face extinction. This can have a domino effect on the entire food chain.Scientists are working hard to understand the causes and consequences of climate change. They are also looking for solutions to mitigate its effects. One of the key strategies is to reduce greenhouse gasemissions. This can be achieved by increasing the use of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power, improving energy efficiency, and reducing deforestation.In conclusion, climate change is a complex and urgent problem that requires immediate action. We all have a role to play in protecting our planet for future generations.1. What is one of the most visible effects of climate change?A. Increase in population.B. Melting of glaciers and ice caps.C. Decrease in temperature.D. Increase in deforestation.答案：B。
