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深圳开源通信有限公司OpenVox-Best Cost Effective Asterisk Cards OpenVox B400P/B400E User Manual for mISDNWritten by: James.zhuEmail:james.zhu@,zhulizhong@Date:15/10/2007Version: 0.01深圳开源通信有限公司OpenVox-Best Cost Effective Asterisk CardsOpenVox Communication Co. Ltd.Address: F/2,Building No.14,Shangsha Science & Technology Park,No.9283,Binhe Road,Futian District,ShenZhen ,Guangdong 518048,ChinaTel:+86-755-82535362,82535095,Fax:+86-755-82535174E-Mail：sales@IM for Sales: betty_yljiang@ rubyzhang1217@ IM for Technical Support:support@,zhulizhong@,zhulizhongum@Business Hours: 9:30AM-17:30PM from Monday-FridayURL： Thank You for Choosing OpenVox Products!Table of ContentsChapter 1 Overview (4)Chapter 2 Card Installation and Configuration (6)Chapter 3 Hardware Setting (11)Chapter 1 Overview1.What is B200P/400P/400EB200P/400P/E400E series is a PCI/PCI Express card supporting 2/4 BRI S/T interfaces, with an onboard multi NT power feeding circuit. NT/TE mode can be independently configured on each of 2/4 ports.B200P/400P/400E series can be implemented for building Open Source Asterisk based systems such as ISDN PBX and VoIP gateway.Target Applications:High Performance ISDN PC CardsISDN PABX for BRIVoIP GatewaysISDN LAN Routers for BRIISDN Least Cost Routers for BRIISDN Test Equipment for BRIMain Features:Two/Four integrated S/T interfacesITU-T I.430 and TBR 3 certified and S/T ISDN supporting in TE and NT mode Integrated PCI bus interface (Spec.2.2) for 3.3V and 5V signal environments Support PCI Express for B400EDTMF detection on all B-channelsMultiparty audio conferences bridgeOnboard power feedingPCM bus connectors daisy chainingEach of the 2/4 ports can be independently configured for TE or NE modeFull software and hardware compatible with ISDN and mISDN driver Application ready: ｕse Asterisk to build your IP-PBX/Voicemail systemRoHS compliantCertificates: CE and FCC2.What is Asterisk:The Definition of Asterisk is described as follow:Asterisk is a complete PBX in software. It runs on Linux, BSD,Windows (emulated) and provides all of the features you would expect from a PBX and more. Asterisk does voice over IP in four protocols, and can interoperate with almost all standards-basedtelephony equipment using relatively inexpensive hardware.Figure 1: Asterisk SetupSource (/uploads/images/consulting/asteriskSetup.gif)Asterisk provides Voicemail services with Directory, Call Conferencing, Interactive Voice Response, Call Queuing. It has support for three-way calling, caller ID services, ADSI, IAX, SIP, H.323 (as both client and gateway), MGCP (call manager only) and SCCP/Skinny().Chapter 2 Card Installation and Configuration1.Hardware Installation and Setup1)Configure the Jumper SettingsPlease refer jumper setting for details. To install B400P/B400E, user shouldfollow the steps.A. Setting Card ID SwitchIf user wants to install more than one cards of B400P/B400E in onepc, you should take care of the card id switch. It has three rules,which user must follow:1.The card id of the first card must be set to 0, and the second cardshould be set to 1, and so on.2.The First Card is a card that will be initialized (i.e installingdriver) first when system is booting.3.At most of cases, Linux will initialize PCI devices according toPCI slot order. The slot is nearest to the CPU will be initializedfirst; the slot at the far end from CPU will be initialized at last.That is to say, if user has more than one cards of B400P/B400E inpc, the one is nearest to CPU should be set to card id 0.B.Adjusting Termination of S/T Interface (100 ohm)1.If a port will work on NT mode, you should set jumper to CONNECT(ON).2.If a port will work on TE mode, Theoretically it should be toOPEN(OFF), but user might connect to some non-standard isdnterminal equipments that do not have terminal resistors, for suchequipments, you should set it to CONNECT(ON).C.Power Feeding ConnectorThese jumpers control whether the card will feed power to the externalisdn terminal. User should adjust accordingly.If the port will work on TE mode, user MUST set the jumper to OPEN(OFF)If this port will work on NT mode, the ISDN terminal requiresISDN power supply, user should set the jumper to CONNECT(ON).ISDN terminal does not require ISDN power supply, user shouldset the jumper to OPEN(OFF).D.Power Feeding InputIf one of the four power feeding connectors is CONNECT(ON), user shouldconnect a D-type connecter from pc power supply to this jack, the D-typeconnecter is used to provide power to your CDROM ahd 3.5”HDD.E. Power Supply SelectionSome newest model PCs do not provide +5V on the PCI slots, at thosecases, use has to set the jumper to 3.3v.F. PCM IN/PCM OUTThese are for future usages.2)Power off PC, remembering unplug the AC power cable3)Insert B400P/B400E into a 3.3v or 5.0v PCI or PCI Express slot4)Plug the hard disk power supply cable( D style) to power feeding input jackif need providing power to external equipment, please refer jumper setting section for the detail5)Plug back the AC power cable, and power on PC2.Software Installation and SetupB400P/B400E supports original mISDN driver form /index.php/Installing_mISDN. Customers can download it from that URL. There are few steps to install the driver drivers.1) Checking the B400P/B400E hardware by command: lspci -vvvvvvvvv2)Checking the supporting packagesNote that if there is no kernel source in the system, user should install them. User can run yum again: yum install kernel-devel`. If user uses this command yum will install the sources for your current version of the kernel.It is time to check for the availability of some other packages:rpm -q bisonrpm -q bison-develrpm -q ncursesrpm -q ncurses-develrpm -q zlibrpm -q zlib-develrpm -q opensslrpm -q openssl-develrpm -q gnutls-develrpm -q gccrpm -q gcc-c++If any of those packages are not installed install them by using yumyum install bisonyum install bison-develyum install ncursesyum install ncurses-develyum install zlibyum install zlib-develyum install opensslyum install openssl-develyum install gnutls-develyum install gccyum install gcc-c++3) D ownloading, unzipping and compiling driverA.Download the stable version of mISDN, mISDNuser, chan_mISDN and asteriskdrivers from /index.php/Installing_mISDN, and c opythe tar file to /usr/src/:Here， we are using mISDN-1_1_2 and mISDNuser_1_1_2. users can get moredetails from .B.Download OpenVox patch called hfc_multi.c from .It contains a patched hfc_multi.c file, overwrite the orginal hfc_multi.c file with the new hfc_multi.c under /usr/src//usr/src/mISDN-1_1_2/drivers/isdn/hardware/mISDN:C.Make links with kernel source:ln -s /usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-8.el5-i686/ /usr/src/linux-2.6Here, under /usr/src there is kernel source, user must create link linux-2.6 under /usr/src/. There are many files under /usr/src/, please check:piling mISDN, mISDNuser,chan_mISDN and asteriskcd /usr/src/mISDN-1_1_2makemake installstd2kerncd /usr/src/mISDN-1_1_2makemake installcd /usr/src/chan_misdnmakemake installcd /usr/src/asterisk-1.4.11./configuremake menuselectnow you should enable chan_misdn in the Channel Driver Section and reinstall asterisk with "make install".After that procedure you should have the current mISDN releases installed and the current chan_misdn with asterisk.E.Modifying and loading modules for mISDNvi /etc/mISDN.conf, and edit the mISDN.conf like this:vi /etc/asterisk/misdn.conf, the part of it looks like this:Vi /etc/asterisk/extensions.conf, the dialplan shows as the follow:The dialplan is linked with misdn.conf. The example show that the port1 is used for inbound calls, and port 2,3 and 4 are used for outboundcallsF.Running mISDN and asterisk:Execute: mISDN startExecute: asterisk –vvvvvvvgcLoading the chan_misdn.soThe above screens shows the asterisk makes outbound call, inbounds and loads chan_misdn modules:Notes:Test environments:OS: Centos 5Kernel version: 2.6.18-8.15Asterisk version: Asterisk-1.4.11mISDN version: mISDN-1_1_2Hardware：OpenVox B400PIf set NT mode with B400E, no need power supplySome Issues:1)LEDs will turn into red and blink if the drivers are loaded.2)Misdn show channels commands show nothing.3)When calls coming, the LED will be turned into green status for very short while4)If ISDN plugs into the port, the LED will not blink, but in red color.Chapter 3 Hardware Setting。

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三汇数字卡ISDN协议配置

三汇数字卡ISDN协议配置

三汇数字卡ISDN协议配置一、关于可以处理ISDN信令的三汇板卡类型可见程序员手册相关章节的说明。

二、如果初次使用三汇板卡运行ISDN，建议可先使用三汇提供的Test.exe测试程序进行操作，只有相关功能Test.exe测试正常时，再运行应用程序。

三、三汇支持ISDN的数字卡通过配置可以支持用户侧、网络侧或用户侧和网络侧共用三种方式。

四、以SHD-120A-CT/PCI/ISDN为例描述用户侧、网络侧或用户侧和网络侧共用三种方式如何进行配置。

1、通过《三汇卡windows安装操作说明书》确认板卡驱动安装正确2、在默认安装目录shcti文件夹下运行板卡自动配置程序ShCtiConfig.exe。

1)配置为用户侧a)选中要设置的板卡,单击“修改板卡设置”，从弹出的对话框选择“PCM设置”，如图3-2。

1. 双击弹出对话框(图3-2)b)选中要修改的PCM，单击“修改PCM”，在弹出的PCM设置框中将信令方式修改为“ISDN用户侧”，如图3-33.改为isdn用户侧1.选择要修改的pcm2. 单击修改pcm,弹出修改pcm0对话框(图3-3)修改后，依次按确定回到“必须配置选项”主界面。

c)在自动配置程序的“必须配置选项”选择“ISDN设置”，弹出ISDN设置对话框界面，如图3-41.修改ISDN使用方式为用户侧2．增加用户侧链路0，1，2，33．单击确定增加成功(图3-4)在ISDN使用方式里选择用户侧，现在配置120路卡共4条链路,单击按钮增加链路如图,增加链路序号0,1,2,3共4条。

单击确定返回,点击“应用”按钮如图3-5.1.单击应用按纽3．单击确定2．如配置正确则弹出通过验证，单击确定(图3-5)如弹出对话框“当前配置通过验证！”,表明120卡配置为用户侧通过.用户可加载应用程序。

(图3-6)启动应用程序test.exe后类型里为ISDNio表示为ISDN用户侧，如图3-6。

2)配置为网络侧a)选中“板卡设置”中要设置的板卡, 单击“修改板卡设置”，从弹出的对话框选择“PCM设置”，图3-7 。

上海贝尔 ISDN NT1+ CF 说明书

上海贝尔 ISDN NT1+ CF 说明书

目录使用快速参考--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 21 概述 (5)1.1 简介 (5)1.2 主要功能 (6)2 指示灯及接口 (7)2.1 外观 (7)2.2 指示灯说明 (8)2.3 接口 (9)3 接口特性 (9)4 安装及使用 (11)4.1 安装 (11)4.2 使用 (15)5 设置 (24)5.1 设置模式 (24)5.2 设置命令 (24)6 常见问题解答 (30)7 配置 (30)使用快速参考　一一线通电源两个数字口Ｓ／Ｔ２PHONE1ΪÁËʹÄú¸ü·½±ãµØʹÓÃDC IN ISDN S/T1 S/T2 PHONE1 PHONE21. °ÑÊý×ֵ绰»úÖÕ¶ËÊÊÅäÆ÷½ÓÔÚ±êÓÐ或的数字口上PHONE1PHONE22. ½ÓÉÏÏß·ISDNÉÔµÈƬ¿Ì¿É¿´µ½Ö¸Ê¾µÆPWÁÁ3. ½ÓÉϵçÔ´ÉÔµÈƬ¿Ì¼´¿É¿´µ½Ö¸Ê¾µÆSTÓÉ¿ìËÙÉÁÁÁ±ä³É³£ÁÁÈç¹ûÌýµ½²¦ºÅÒô°²×°³É¹¦»ù±¾Ê¹Ó÷½·¨Ø SBT6050-CF型NT1+的模拟口支持FSK主叫号码显示功能Ø 内部通话没有 R键的话机可快速拍叉簧再按 9000000Ø 内部转接可往返多次转接转过去没人接时按 R 转回来三只有接在标有的接口上的电话可以使用n 摘机１秒钟内Ｒ键不起作用在一般情况下不需要重新设置请将智能网络终端恢复成缺省设置（参考本用户手册设置部分）　n 重新安装智能网络终端再按照安装步骤２至４进行请查询该话机是否符合国家标准维修工作由专业人员完成四安装过程中状态指示灯ＳＴ一直快闪不停答若电话摘机仍无反应再重复安装步骤２至４即可安装过程中状态指示灯ＳＴ一直慢闪怎么办出现这种现象说明智能网络终端内部初始化不成功再重复安装步骤２至４即可为什么接上ＩＳＤＮ线后没有任何指示灯亮出现这种现象说明接ＩＳＤＮ线时正处于交换机停止供电时若交换机长时间不供电把电源接好 u 问Ｓ／Ｔ１和Ｓ／Ｔ２口的设备在没有接电源的情况下请检查电源连线和电源是否正常为什么接在模拟口的电话总是打不通某些特殊号码（如１１４等）若在某些地区出现一些号码的电话不能拨通或传真不能发的情况一般应为电话模式具体设置方法请参考本用户手册第２６页如何改变智能网络终端的参数设置要改变智能网络终端的参数设置注意按键之间的间隔不要太长进入设置模式后不要挂机成功后（注意有两声短的确认音）挂机即可（某些设置命令还需重新安装一次才能生效）当有一个模拟口处于设置模式时　1 概述1.1 简介随着综合业务数据网(ISDN)在我国的蓬勃发展ISDN标准终端设备(如数字电话而对于大量现有的G3传真机要想把它们接入ISDN网　这样而且造成使用上的不便NT1+是ISDN一类网络终端的延伸产品完成U接口与S/T接口之间的转换工作　NT1+的U接口直接与ISDN交换机相连可接入各种ISDN标准终端Internet浏览两个POTS口可直接接入模拟电话 MODEM等各种模拟设备呼叫保持三方通话终端可移动性等多种补充业务1.2 主要功能• 为数据提供透明的物理通道欧洲和美国的相应标准• 具有省电工作模式以节省电能• 支持回环测试功能• 支持本地供电和远端供电两种供电方式在切换时将保持原通话及链路状态• 远端供电时抗干扰能力强• 两个POTS口可直接接入模拟电话 MODEM等模拟设备• 模拟口支持的补充业务CLIP多用户号码(MSN)三方通话(3PTY)终端可移动性(TP) • 模拟口支持内部通话及内部转接• POTS的各种补充业务功能可通过模拟话机的键盘直接进行设置• 共有5个发光二极管用于显示线路和终端的状态信息• 远供时总功耗小于1300mW2 指示灯及接口2.1 外观NT1+的外壳采用工程塑料见图11 2 3 4 5图1.NT1+外形示意图1) LP工作电源指示3) ST S/T接口工作状态4) B1B2信道状态指示6 7 8 9 10 116) DC IN接电话线路8) S/T1接数字话机数字口2ISDN适配卡等10) PHONE1接模拟电话MODEM11) PHONE2接模拟电话MODEM2.2 指示灯说明注本地供电指不接电源Ｓ／Ｔ接口状态(ST)指示灯说明处于休眠状态8Hz闪亮U接口和S接口正在激活1Hz闪亮NT1+初始化不成功Ｓ接口均已激活(2)本地供电(LP)本地供电工作电源含义亮亮本地供电NT1+工作电源系统故障灭亮远端供电Ｂ２信道状态指示灯说明2.3 接口U口使用两个标准RJ45插座POTS口采用内径2.1mm的直流电源插座外形尺寸ＥＴＳＩ　ＥＴＲ　０８０标准二线全双工数字传输·线路码型80Kbaud/s·传输距离135Ω·激活方式符合ITU-T K.21S/T接口·符合ANSI T1.605ITU-T I.430建议·传输方式伪三码(AMI码)·接口速率点对点由LT(交换机)激活或 TE(终端)激活　ＰＯＴＳ接口·支持模拟电话 MODEM等各种模拟设备·支持拨号方式呼叫等待多用户号码等) . 支持FSK来电显示. 支持内部通话与内部转接DC/IN接口输入外壳为负极4 安装及使用4.1 安装(1)NT1+在网络中的位置NT1+在网络中的位置如图2ISDN标准终端设备例如数字电话机和4类传真机非ISDN标准终端设备模拟传真机等(a)点到点点到点的配置用于仅有一个终端设备接入 ＴＲ（可设在TE内) TR(NT1+内含) 图3.点到点配置TE终端电阻(100Ω)D1(b)点到多点点到多点的配置支持和短无源总线NT1+最多可接8个终端设备延伸无源总线最多可接4个终端设备　i)短无源总线1 2 8图4.短无源总线TE终端电阻(100Ω)D2150Ω电缆为200米) ii)延伸无源总线1 2 3 4图5.延伸无源总线TE终端电阻(100Ω)D3最大500米(3) NT1+的典型应用(a) 话音业务+传真在两个POTS口接模拟话机( b) 话音+传真+Internet浏览在两个POTS口接模拟话机或G3传真机可以在享受话音业务的同时浏览 Internet(c) 话音+Internet浏览+视频会议在两个POTS口接模拟话机和原有的模拟调制解调器可通过MODEM浏览Internet4.2 使用NT1+所支持的所有语音业务功能均可通过接到POTS口的模拟话机进行设置R对于没有键的话机R4.2.1 基本呼叫控制呼出支持音频拨号在没有设置多用户号码(MSN)的情况下其中任意一个摘机即可只有相应号码的话机振铃话机中可听到呼叫等待音接在两个模拟口上的电话可以不通过交换机互通R9若没有R 键的话机可快速拍叉簧再按另一模拟口上的话机振铃注意RÒò´ËÔڵ绰ժ»úºóÇëÉÔµÈƬ¿ÌÔÙ°´键来电显示为因此仍可实现内部通话4.2.3 内部转接内部转接基本操作为按按可将电话转回来具体操作流程如下此时按1. 若第二部话机忙嘟用户按可以恢复与外线通话第二部话机振铃并显示来电号码为您可以进行以下操作可按恢复与外线通话2) 若第一部话机挂机摘机可以与外线通话可以与第一部话机做内部通话Ø 若第一部话机挂断Ø 若第二部话机挂断Ø 若外线挂断4) 若此时外线挂断² 在上述任意情况下过程同上4.2.4 补充业务NT1+模拟口支持以下补充业务CLIPÖ»Òª½ÓÉÏ·ûºÏ¹ú¼Ò±ê×¼µÄÖ÷½ÐºÅÂëÏÔʾÆ÷»òÕßÖ÷½ÐºÅÂë»°»ú¼´¿ÉÏÔʾºôÈëµç»°µÄºÅÂë来电号码在电话机振铃第1声和第2声之间显示２并且NT1+设置为两个模拟口都振铃的情况下若设置了多用户号码或者振铃模式设置方法详见用户手册一节则只有振铃的模拟话机显示来电号码若两个模拟口都在通话在未应答第三个电话时不显示该电话的号码电话重新振铃时4.2.4.2 多用户号码(MSN)多用户号码是指一条ISDN线可以有多个电话号码用来区分同一条ISDN用户线上所连接的不同设备那么当有电话拨入时当其中某一个应答后这样的话如果用户的终端设备使用了MSNÒ»¸öÖÕ¶ËÉ豸¿ÉÒÔÅ䱸һ¸ö»ò¶à¸öMSN4.2.4.3 呼叫保持和呼叫恢复(HOLD)呼叫保持是指可以在正在通话的情况下然后打新的电话或者应答等待的电话保持现有通话:状态没有其他保持的电话将当前的电话先保留按键R1然后听到拨号音就可以开始拨号恢复保留的电话存在一个保留的电话功能将先前保留的电话恢复按电话会振铃或通过挂断现有通话来恢复保留的电话目前正在通话过程中功能按键R1或挂机再摘机或在现有通话和保留的电话之间切换目前正在通话过程中功能按键R2挂断现有通话目前正在通话过程中将现有通话挂断原先被保留的电话仍处于保留状态被保留的电话自动清除有一个电话被保留保留的电话自动清除当前的电话仍然接通无需按键4.2.4.4 三方通话(3PTY)开始三方通话目前正在通话过程中功能按键R3通过清除当前通话结束三方通话三方通话正在进行结束三方通话按键R4通过清除保留的电话结束三方通话三方通话正在进行结束三方通话按键R3通过清除所有电话结束三方通话三方通话正在进行结束三方通话按键结束三方通话状态功能保持三方通话开始前的通话状态结束三方通话状态功能将三方通话开始前的电话保留按键R1结束三方通话状态被保留的电话的另一方挂机结束三方通话按键　结束三方通话状态正在通话的另一方挂断结束三方通话按键　4.2.4.5 呼叫等待(CW)呼叫等待业务必须先由电话局开通即使在两个电话同时使用的情况下而正在通话的电话中有呼叫等待音将当前通话保留并应答等待的电话目前正在通话过程中有一个等待的电话正等待应答应答等待的电话按键R2若您的ISDN线为开放呼叫保持业务拒绝等待的电话目前正在通话过程中有一个等待的电话正等待应答拒绝等待的电话按键R3挂断当前通话并应答等待的电话目前正在通话过程中有一个等待的电话正等待应答应答等待的电话按键R1等待的电话自动清除目前正在通话过程中有一个等待的电话正等待应答功能按键当前通话的自动清除目前正在通话过程中有一个等待的电话正等待应答功能按键4.2.4.6 终端可移动性(TP)终端可移动性业务需要先由电话局开通TP允许用户更换听筒或插头暂停当前的电话目前正在通话过程中功能按键R5恢复暂停的电话有一个电话处于暂停状态将暂停的电话恢复5 设置5.1 设置模式进入设置模式在两个模拟电话均不在通话时可进入设置模式命令#*##*#退出设置模式退出设置模式挂机若在进入设置模式后120秒内无按键操作5.2 设置命令在设置模式下用户可使用两种不同的命令进行设置输入固定的按键组合实现预先定义好的功能赋值命令在设置正确的情况下若输入命令错误5.2.1 直接命令功能嘟嘟嘟嘟5.2.2 赋值命令每个赋值命令由以下两部分组成定义须改变的设置选项设定该选项的新值而另一些命令只对一个模拟口有效X12XÀýÈç*X1*12345678口的第一个多用户号码为12345678时*11*12345678*设置多用户号码(MSN)ÿÌõISDN线路可以有一个或多个多用户号码只有当对方所拨号码是设置好的多用户号码时在未设置多用户号码的情况下命令*X1*MSN1*δÉèÖöàÓû§ºÅÂë将第一个模拟口的多用户号码设置为12345677嘟嘟嘟嘟将第二个模拟口的多用户号码设置为12345678嘟嘟嘟嘟终端模式的设置用于设置两个模拟口的终端模式命令*X91*1**X91*2**X91*3*µç»°Ä£Ê½设置第一个模拟口上接模拟电话和传真机嘟嘟嘟嘟设置第一个模拟口上接模拟电话嘟嘟嘟嘟设置第一个模拟口上接传真机嘟嘟嘟嘟设置第二个模拟口上接模拟电话和传真机嘟嘟嘟嘟设置第二个模拟口上接模拟电话嘟嘟嘟嘟设置第二个模拟口上接传真机嘟嘟嘟嘟设置电话振铃模式用于设置有电话拨入时NT1+上模拟电话的振铃方式该设置才有效　两个模拟口同时振铃两个模拟口轮流振铃动态路由模式两路模拟口同时振铃在未取机应答前可自动选通第二个模拟口小秘书功能两个模拟口同时振铃嘟嘟嘟嘟设置NT1+两个模拟口轮流振铃嘟嘟嘟嘟设置NT1+两个模拟口为动态路由模式嘟嘟嘟嘟设置NT1+固定模拟口2振铃嘟嘟嘟嘟设置内部时间用于给来电显示器或者来电显示话机提供来电时间方法1117)Èô½»»»»úÌṩʱ¼äÐÅÏ¢方法2#*##*#”进入设置模式可按　设置时间设为9月10日12点05分嘟嘟嘟嘟6 常见问题解答1R°´¼üºó²»Æð×÷ÓÃÕâÊÇÒòΪ½»»»»ú먦·ÅÕâЩ²¹³äÒµÎñ2解决方法只要话机符合国家标准在不能显示的情况下否则只能保证基本功能若话机已接上外部电源请查询该话机是否符合国家标准　试图进行内部通话时按后另一部话机不振铃在摘机后1秒钟内键不起作用R4解决方法若B1B2指示灯同时闪烁在远端供电时只有接在PHONE1上的话机可使用7 配置NT1+ SBT6050-CF 一台AC/DC适配器 一只　U口连接电缆 一根　用户手册 一本　保修卡 一张。

Huawei ISDN D Channel Layer 2 Interpretation说明书

Huawei ISDN D Channel Layer 2 Interpretation说明书

ISDN Decodes : Layer 2 InterpretationISDN D channel decodes provide pertinent information on call related messaging (Layer 3) as well as the management and maintenance of the D channel itself (Layer 2). Layer 3 messages help the user to troubleshoot problems such as: who is disconnecting a call, why a call is rejected or to see if calling party data is being provided. Layer 2 messages are used to troubleshoot malfunctions of the D channel itself such as: why the D channel will not establish, if a D channel link is being terminated or the possible cause for why a link is being terminated. This techtip addresses the messaging that takes place at Layer 2 and how they are involved in establishing, maintaining and terminating D channel communications.The protocol used at Layer 2 in ISDN is LAPD (Link Access Procedure D-Channel). There are 3 basic types of frames transmitted in LAPD: Information frames, Supervisory frame and Unnumbered frames. Information frames contain Layer 3 call information and are not addressed in this document. Unnumbered frames encompass those frames necessary to establish or terminate the D channel communications. The following are Unnumbered frame types. Any of these messages can be sent from the network or the customer.SABME – Set Asynchronous Balanced Mode with Extended Sequence NumberingUA – Unnumbered AcknowledgementDISC – Disconnect (NOTE: Layer 3 also has a disconnect message, all referencesto disconnect in this document refer to Layer 2 and the D channel itself terminating)DM – Disconnect ModeFRMR – Frame RejectUI – Unnumbered InformationA SABME is the message that is sent to first establish D channel communications.The proper response, from the other end of the link, is a UA message. This is the initial handshake that is necessary to consider the D channel as operational.The DISC message is the frame that is sent to terminate D channel communications. The proper response is also a UA. The DM can be seen as a negative response to the SABME request and would indicate that the node is not in a state that is ready for D channel communication. The DM may also be seen as a response to the DISC command and would be indicating that it is already in a disconnected state.FRMR is sent when an unrecoverable link-level problem has occurred. This would occur on conditions that cannot be corrected by having a frame retransmitted (such as an invalid field content) and would be an indication of possible high level protocol issues between the two nodes.UI frames are sent for link management activities that require some information exchange between the two nodes, such a TEI Request message which is sent by each BRI TE device during its initialization process.Supervisory frames are used to maintain link communications once the link hasbeen established. There are 3 supervisory frame types. Any of these messages can be sent from the network or the customer.RR – Receiver ReadyRNR – Receiver Not ReadyREJ – RejectRR messages are the most commonly seen frames in D channel decodes. They are routinely exchanged between nodes as a keep-alive signal and are also used to acknowledge the reception of frames. The D channel is only allowed to be inactive (no frames sent) for a brief period of time. When there are no call related messagesto send, the nodes will transmit RR frames to ensure that the D channel link remains in service. Failure to send frames within the allotted time period would be one reasonfor seeing a node terminate and re-establish the D channel. Timers that control activity such as this are programmable within the switches and are therefore a possible source of incompatibility between nodes. A receive sequence number field within the RR frame is used to inform the far-end node of the number of frames that have been successfully received by this node. A RR frame is indicating that the transmitting device is present, in service, capable of receiving traffic but does not currently have any call related messages to transmit.A RNR message is sent when a node is experiencing difficulties (such as buffer depletion) and is informing the far-end node that it cannot accept any additional information frames (call related messages) at this time. RNR frames should rarely be seen and should be investigated by switch personnel as to their cause.REJ frames are used to force retransmission of bad frames. Supervisoryframes as well as information frames always contain sequence numbers. Someframe types have both send and receive sequence numbers and some onlyrequire receive sequence numbers. These numbers are used to keep track of the frames that have been transmitted or received by a node and are used during transmission of supervisory and information frames to ensure that all frames are properly communicated to the far end. Frequent REJ frames are a sign of miscommunications on the D channels,most likely due to frames experiencing errors during transmission.As always, when looking at D channel decodes, the TE>NT or NT>TE designation of the message will identify the source of the message (syntax may change depending in the testset used but all decodes will have some type of designation to indicate where the message originated from). This is important to know when attempting to interpret faults. Consult the manual on the particular testset being used to see if there are any configuration requirements to ensure that the labeling of the messages is correct.TE>NT indicates the message was sent by the customer whereas NT>TE indicates the message was sent by the network. Complaints where it is pertinent to look at layer 2 messages include: failure to get the D channel to go in service, unexplained loss of D channel communications or excessive delays or timeouts when trying to process calls. Now that you understand the messages and when it is normal to see them you can use the ISDN D channel decode features of your ISDN testset to effectively isolate and troubleshoot layer 2 link communications problems.。

红帆NT1+说明书-第一章

红帆NT1+说明书-第一章

第一章产品综述本章介绍了北京惟帆通讯设备有限公司生产的ISDN智能网络终端设备KMNT1+的基本功能特点和应用范围，并列举了部分应用配置实例。

通过本章，可以知道ISDN网络终端的基本概念及KMNT1+的使用方法。

1．1网络终端的概念ISDN（Integrated Services Digital Network综合业务数字网）是替代现有模拟通信的高速数字通信网络。

现有模拟终端设备（如模拟话机、G3类传真机等）或数字终端设备（如ISDN数字话机、G4类传真机等）必须通过网络终端设备接入ISDN，但电话线路不用改造。

网络终端NT1用于提供ISDN的标准接口（S/T口），标准终端设备（TE1）通过/T口直接接入ISDN，而非标准终端设备（TE2）必须通过ISDN终端适配器（TA）及NT1才能接入ISDN。

目前，Internet的飞速发展赋予了ISDN新的生命力。

在现有阶段，用ISDN为用户提供一种数字的基本速率接入方式是比较可行的。

传统的ISDN用户/网络接口模式是NT1加上TA，这样既显得累赘又要增加额外的投资。

为此，北京惟帆通讯设备有限公司开发一种全新的ISDN 智能网络终端—KMNT1+。

它具有NT1的全部功能，能够连接标准的ISDN终端设备如ISDN数字电话机、ISDN PC卡等，又带有两个模拟电话接口，可以连接模拟电话机、G3类传真机、MODEM等设备。

实现了模拟通信到数字通信的平滑过渡，用户可以继续使用原有的通信设备又能享有ISDN“一线通”所带来的便利。

如图1.1所示KMNT1+应用示意。

图1.1 KMNT1+应用示意图1．2 KMNT1+功能与特点KMNT1+是一种高性能、便于使用的ISDN网络终端设备。

一般情况下，KMNT1+在安装、使用、操作上比较简便，且KMNT1+能够满足多种多样的数据和语音通信要求。

如图1.2所示KMNT1+功能应用示意。

图1.2 KMNT1+功能应用示意KMNT1+主要功能与特点如下：1．具有ISDN 2B + D 接入U接口；2．具有两个标准的ISDN数字接口（S口）和两个模拟电话机接口（R 口）；3．U接口具有两种激活启动模式：冷启动和热启动；4．S接口具有两种工作模式：固定定时和自适应定时；5．两个模拟口能够相互转接；6．两个模拟口能够内部通话；7．支持本地供电和局供电，可自动切换；8．本地断电的情况下保证一路模拟电话的通话功能；9．模拟口支持多用户号、子地址和高层一致性；10．局供电时最大功耗小于1300毫瓦，休眠状态最大功耗小于200毫瓦；11．两个模拟口支持FSK主叫号码显示功能。