2020年高考英语二轮专题复习9特殊句式
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2020年高考英语二轮专题复习9特殊句式
【专题九】特殊句式(强调、替代、省略和倒装)
【考点分析】
强调句
1.强调句型用于强调陈述句;
2.强调句型用于强调一般疑问句;
3.强调句型用于强调特殊疑问句;
4.强调句型用于强调not…until…句型;
5.强调句型与状语从句、定语从句、祈使句的混合考查。
替代
1.do/does/did替代动词;
2.so和not分别代替肯定和否定的从句.
省略
1.主语的省略;
2.谓语或谓语的一部分的省略;
3.宾语的省略;
4.不定式的省略;
5.宾语从句和状语从句中的省略;
6.虚拟条件句中if的省略。
倒装句
1.部分倒装;
2.完全倒装
3.常考的几个重要句型:
so +be/情态/助动词+主语
neither+be/情态/助动词+主语
so +adj/adv …+that …
neither …, nor …
not only …, but also …
not until … 【知识点归纳】
为了表达说话人强烈的感情色彩或达到语法结构的需要,常采用强调。应用中,强调常通过强调结构、语法性倒装、修辞性倒装等来体现。作为修辞手段,省略和替代能使语句简练、紧凑,但往往给学生的理解和选择造成一定的障碍。在近几年的高考题中省略和替代现象时有出现,而且出错率较高,原因是因为大多数考生对省略和替代的规律不明了。请注意下面的说明。
i.强调句
1.it is (was) +被强调部分+that(who)…
为了强调句子的某一成分(通常是主语、宾语、或状语),常用强调结构:
it is (was) +被强调部分+that(who)…
表示强调的it在这种结构的句子中作主句的主语。
原始句:last night i saw a film in the youth palace.
强调主语:it was i that (or: who) saw a film in the youth palace
last night.
强调宾语:it was a fiml that i saw in the youth palace last
night.
强调地点状语:it was in the youth palace that i saw a film last
night.
强调时间状语:it was last night that i saw a film in the youth
palace.
一般讲,原句的谓语动词如果是现在或将来各种时态,用it
is…that (who)…;如果原句谓语动词是过去各种时态,则用it was…
that(who)…。
另外,还有下面几点需要特别注意:
①在强调主语时,that后的谓语动词要与被强调者保持人称和数的一致
it is i who am a teacher.
②即使被强调的主语是复数,主句中的谓语动词也用单数 it is they who often help me with my lessons.
③在强调时间、地点、原因、或方式状语时,不要用when,where,why 或 how ,而用that
it was because her mother was ill that she didn't go with us.
④在强调not … until 结构中由 until 短语(或从句)表示的时间状语时,要用固定的强调句型
it is(was) not until ...that...。that 从句中的谓语动词用肯定式。
my father didn't come home until 12 o'clock last night.
it was not until 12 o'clock last night that my father came
home.
⑤在强调一般疑问句中的某一成分时,主句要用一般疑问句的语序:即把is/ was提到it前面。
did this happen in beijing?
was it in beijing that this happened?
⑥特殊疑问句中只有疑问词可以强调,其强调结构是“被强调部分(通常是疑问代词或疑问副词)+ is/was + it + that/ who + 其它部分? "
where were you born?