Physics 207, Lecture 24, Nov 27

教科版高中物理选修2contents •电磁感应现象与规律•交变电流及其描述•传感器及其工作原理•电磁波谱与无线通信基础•光学仪器与激光技术初步•相对论简介与原子核物理初步目录电磁感应现象与规律电磁感应现象及产生条件电磁感应现象产生条件法拉第电磁感应定律法拉第电磁感应定律内容表达式楞次定律与右手定则楞次定律感应电流具有这样的方向，即感应电流的磁场总要阻碍引起感应电流的磁通量的变化。

右手定则伸开右手，使拇指与其余四个手指垂直，并且都与手掌在同一平面内；让磁感线垂直于手心进入，并使拇指指向导线运动方向，这时四指所指的方向就是感应电流的方向。

自感与互感现象自感现象互感现象由于一个线圈的电流变化而导致另一个线圈产生电磁感应的现象。

交变电流及其描述交变电流产生及特点产生方式特点描述交变电流物理量最大值有效值周期和频率电阻、电感、电容对交变电流影响电感电阻对交变电流有阻碍作用，其阻碍作用随交流电的频率增大而增大。

电容变压器原理及应用原理应用传感器及其工作原理传感器是一种检测装置，能感受到被测量的信息，并能将感受到的信息，按一定规律变换成为电信号或其他所需形式的信息输出，以满足信息的传输、处理、存储、显示、记录和控制等要求。

传感器分类按传感器的物理量分类，可分为热工量传感器、机械量传感器、物性传感器和磁性传感器；按传感器工作原理分类，可分为电阻、电容、电感、电压、霍尔、光电、光栅、热电偶等传感器。

传感器定义传感器概述及分类VS常见传感器工作原理（如：光敏、热敏等）光敏传感器工作原理光敏传感器是利用光敏元件将光信号转换为电信号的传感器。

它的敏感波长在可见光波长附近，包括红外线波长和紫外线波长。

热敏传感器工作原理热敏传感器是将温度转换为电信号的传感器。

它利用热敏电阻、热电偶、热辐射等效应，将温度的变化转换成电信号输出。

传感器应用实例分析汽车传感器应用智能家居传感器应用传感器发展趋势和前景微型化、集成化01智能化、网络化02新型传感器研发03电磁波谱与无线通信基础电磁波谱概念及分类电磁波谱定义电磁波谱分类无线电波产生和传播特性无线电波产生无线电波传播特性无线通信基本原理和系统组成无线通信基本原理无线通信系统组成现代无线通信技术应用01020304移动通信无线局域网蓝牙技术物联网光学仪器与激光技术初步光学仪器基本原理和构造光的反射、折射定律光学仪器的基本原理是光的反射和折射，通过反射或折射改变光路，实现成像或测量。

河南省2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。

1.What does the man want to do?A.Have breakfast.B.Take a walk.C.Call his office.2.What was George doing last night?A.Having a meeting.B.Flying home.C.Working on a project.3.Why does the man suggest going park?A.Its big.B.Its quiet.C.Its new.4.How does the woman sound?A.Annoyed.B.Pleased.C.Puzzled.5.Where is the mans table?A.Near the door.B.By the window.C.In the corner.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

辽宁省铁岭市县高级中学2022-2023学年高二英语联考试卷含解析一、选择题1. The meeting ______ next Thursday mainly aims to deal with the problems related to teenagers’ mental health.A. heldB. to holdC. being heldD. to be held参考答案：D2. We really appreciate it when she________to help although we could manage it ourselves.A．stuck B．led C．referred D．offered参考答案：D3. As we drew closer, I could see a whale by a pack of about six other killers.A. attackedB. to be attackedC. having been attackedD. being attacked参考答案：D4. Lionel Messi ，the record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the most talented football player in Europe. ks5uA. setB. settingC. to setD. having set参考答案：D5. ---Is he coming to the party?---________. He may not have time.A.That’s for sure.B. It doesn’t matterC. Believe it or notD. That depends参考答案：D6. Chinese leader Hu Jintao delivered ________ report on Nov. 8, 2012 at _________ opening of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.A. a…anB. the…anC. a…theD. the…the参考答案：C7. Everyone knows that ___ is dangerous to play with fire, but ____ is difficult is to prevent children from playing with fire .A. it ; itB. what; whatC. it ; whatD. what ; it参考答案：C8. What a pity! When we got to the cinema, the movie Let the Bullets Fly _________, so we saw only the end of it.A. was finishingB. has just finishedC. just finishedD. had just finished参考答案：A略9. The question took the professor ______. He was at a loss for the answer for a while.A．by accident B．by chance C．by mistake D．by surprise参考答案：D10. I don’t suppose he is ______ to come to our help when we get into trouble.A. probableB. maybeC. possibleD. likely参考答案：C11. Don’t mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may _____ the shocking end.A．give out B．give awayC．give up D．give off参考答案：B【详解】考查动词短语辨析。

2016暑期选考复习•物理第 1 页第24讲 电磁波参考答案详解答案与解析：基础再现·对点自测□01电场 □02磁场 □03不需要 □043.0×108 □05频率 □06开放电路 □07电谐振 □08高频电流 [自我校对] 1.A 2.BCD考点透析·讲练互动【例1】[解析]根据麦克斯韦的电磁场理论，变化的电场产生磁场，变化的磁场产生电场，交替变化的电磁场在空间产生电磁波，所以选项A 正确，C 错误．电磁波在真空和介质中传播速度不同，故选项B 错误．电磁波在同种非均匀介质中不沿直线传播，D 选项错误．[答案]A【突破训练1】[解析]选BCD.电磁波是由周期性变化的电场或磁场产生的，A 项错误，B 项正确；由题中的电磁波的频率范围，再根据λ＝c/f 算出波长范围为0.3 m 到1 m 之间，C 项正确，设电磁波从发射到接收用时t ，则雷达与目标之间的距离为s ＝c t 2，D 项正确． 【例2】[解析](1)由λ＝c f知 中波波长λ1＝c f 1＝3×108400×103m ＝750 m 微波波长λ2＝c f 2＝3×108400×106m ＝0.75 m. (2)无线电波绕过山脉到达A 处，发生了衍射现象．频率为400 kHz 的中波接收效果更好，因为它的波长较长，衍射现象更明显．[答案]见解析【突破训练2】[解析]选ABD.由于红外线是一种光波，一切物体都在不停地对外辐射红外线，热物体的红外辐射比冷物体的红外辐射性强一些．由于红外线的热效应，可用来烘干，又由于坦克、舰艇、人体等一切物体都在不停地辐射红外线，并且不同的物体所辐射的红外线其波长和强度不同，故在夜间或浓雾天气可通过红外线探测器来接收信号，并用电子仪器对接收到的信号进行处理，或用对红外线敏感的照相底片进行远距离摄影和高空摄影，就可察知物体的形状和特征．所以选项中的A 、B 、D 均正确，C 错误．。

第一部分：语言知识运用I. 选择题(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)( )1.—We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time.—What do you suppose______ to her?A. was happeningB. to happenC. has happenedD. was happened( )2. It ______ a young girl ______ sadly.A. sounded to be; cryB. was sounded like; cryingC. sounded like; cryingD. was sounded to be; cried( )3. Mike is _______ than I.A. a head shorterB. taller a headC. shorter a headD. a head tall ( )4. Business letters should be written in a formal style ______ than in a personal one.A. ratherB. otherC. betterD. less( )5.They have increased our knowledge and have changed the way ___ we learn about the world today. Which one is not right?A. thatB. in whichC. /D. from which( )6. This house is very big and beautiful. I think the rent must be _______ as that one.A. three times moreB. three times as muchC. as many three timesD. as three times more( )7. Don’t you think she is now _______ completely different Mary, _______ girl that is popular with her teachers as well as her classmates?A. a; theB. a; aC. / ; aD. the; the( )8. If this article ________ in the newspaper, which section should it _______?A. will appear; be belonged toB. is appeared; belong toC. appears; be belonged toD. appears; belong to( )9.— Hi, Jane, _______— Not bad, except for my toothache.A. What can I do for you?B. How is it going?C. How about your doctor?D. How do you do?( )10. The sun was shining brightly, _______ everything there _______ more beautiful.A. making, lookB. to make, lookedC. and made, lookingD.and making, be looked( )11. — Don,t you usually come to school by bike?—_______. But sometimes I walk to school .A. No, I don’t.B. Yes, I do.C. Yes, I don’t.D. No, I do.( )12. None of the shoes in the shop fit me well. They are _______ too big _______too small.A. both ; andB. either ; orC. not only ; but alsoD. neither ; nor ( )13. There were about six _______ students in the school building during the earthquake, and_______ of them didn’t run out.A. hundred; two thirdB. hundred; two thirdsC. hundreds; two thirdsD. hundreds; two third( )14. — David has made great progress recently.—_______ and _______.A. So he has ; so you haveB. So he has ; so have youC. So has he ; so have youD. So has he ; so you have( )15. — You don,t do sports, do you ？— No, I _______ , but now I _______ climbing mountains to keep fit.A. used to ; am used toB. am used to ; used toC. was used to; used toD. was used to; am used to16. Children are not allowed to view this film ________ accompanied by a parent or guardian.A. asB. exceptC. whileD. unless17. It is wrong to think that the task of physics _________ to find out _________.A. are; what is natureB. will be; nature is whatC. is; what nature isD. were; is what nature18. The teacher and writer _____ coming to _______ house.A. are, Kate and Mary’sB. were, Kate’s and MaryC. is, Kate’s and Mary’sD. is, Kate and Mary’s19. It is believed that if a book is _____, it will surely _____ the reader.A. interested, interestB. interesting, be interestedC. interested, be interestingD. interesting, interest20. When I entered the step-classroom, the lecture________and the audience(听众)_______carefully.A. began, listenB. was begun, was listeningC. had already begun, listeningD. had begun, were listeningII. 完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满15分）It,s never easy to admit（承认） you are in the wrong. We all ____16___to know the art of apology. Think how often you’ve done wrong. Then count how many ___17____ you’ve expressed clearly you were ____18___. You can’t go to bed with an easy mind if you do ___19____ about it.A doctor friend, Mr.Lied ,told me about a man who came to him with different kinds of signs:headache,heart ____20___ and insomnia（失眠）. ____21___ some careful exames, Mr.Lied found nothing ___22__ with him and said, “ If you don’t tell me what’s ___23___ you, I can,t help you.”The man admitted he was cheating his brother of his inheritance（遗产）. Then the ___24____ doctor___25____ the man write to his brother and ___26____ his money. As soon as the ___27____ was put into the post box, the man suddenly cried. “ Thank you ,” he said to the doctor, “ I think I,ve got ____28____.”An apology can not only save a broken relationship but aslo make it ___29____ . If you can think of someone who should be ____30___ an apology from you , do something about it right now.( )16. A. decide B. have C.need D.try( )17. A. mistakes B. people C. ways D. times( )18. A. sorry B. weak C. sad D. wrong( )19. A. something B. anything C.nothing D. everything( )20. A. trouble B. matter C. illnesss D. problem( )21. A. Before B. After C. Till D. Since( )22. A. well B. wrong C. good D. bad( )23. A. hurting B. changing C. touching D. worrying( )24. A. clever B. silly C. good D. kind( )25. A. made B. helped C. saw D. let( )26. A. return B. give C. keep D. pay( )27. A. paper B. box C. money D. letter( )28. A. better B. well C. sick D. worse( )29. A. never B. worse C. stronger D. harder( )30. A. given B. received C.known D. forgottenIII. 阅读理解（共20小题，每题2分，满分40分）（A）Guinness Book of World Records is a world-famous collection of world records in human life.How the book came out is an interesting story. On Nov. 10, 1951, an Englishman, Beveagh, was having a discussion with his friends. They couldn’t agree with each other whether the falcon(猎鹰) flew the most quickly among all birds in the world. And they failed to find the answer in any books. He knew that there must be many such problems in the world. Why not publish(出版) a useful book to give the answers to all these problems?In 1954, Beveagh decided to work for it. He asked for help from two friends who owned an information supply center in London. They published the first edition of Guinness Book of World Records in August, 1955. The book had only 197 pages, but it was a great success. It was well received by readers and won the NO.1 best-seller in Britain.The Book of Records has been renewed each year, and has been bought and enjoyed in 141 countries around the world. In the end, it has 262 editions and 35 languages, and the book in itself may be a world record.( )31.In this passage,best-seller means_______________.A.someone who sells books in large numbersB.someone who sells the best books.C.a book that sells in small numbersD.a book that sells in large numbers( )32. Guinness Book of World Records came out in__________________________.A.1951B.1954C.1955D.1970( )33. How long did it take Beveagh to prepare the first edition of Guinness Book of World Records?A.More than two years.B.More than one year.C. About four yearsD.We have no idea. ( )34. Guinness Book of World Records__________________.A. interests a lot of people all over the world.B. interests famous people in the world.C. has 35 editions and 262 languages.D. is enjoyed by 141 people in Britain.( )35.The passage mainly tells us______________________________.A. how Guinness Book of World Records came out.B. How to publish a bookC. How Sir Beveagh published a bookD. Why Guinness Book of world Records was popular all over the world.(B)When I first heard that Zhang Yimou,China’s leading director most well-known for Hero in the West, a question immediately came into my mind: Would A Simple Noodle Story《三枪拍案惊奇》be directed by the good Zhang Yimou or the bad Zhang Yimou? The answer : neither.Starting with his first time as a cinema-photographer on Yellow Earth right after graduating from film school in the early 80s, everything Zhang shot(拍摄) was inspired. In the late 80s and early 90s, he directed several movies already considered classics, including the banned(禁止) To live。

广东省深圳市翠园中学、龙城高级中学2023-2024学年高二下学期3月联考英语试题一、单项选择1．Their sense of humour and ability to get along with people are two characteristics that ______ for their lack of experience.A．allow B．demand C．account D．compensate 2．Government should bear a greater responsibility ______ funding and setting up a monitoring mechanism to support the education reform.A．on account of B．regardless of C．on behalf of D．in terms of 3．According to experts, houses with good ______ to the shops and schools can resist the decrease in the prices.A．furniture B．component C．value D．access4．The tourist attraction has very few tourists in the off-season, while the population can ________ to 40,000 during the tourist season.A．preserve B．explode C．appoint D．decrease5．It is hard to ________ how many children suffer from dyslexia — a slight disorder of the brain that causes difficulty in reading and spelling.A．secure B．estimate C．assist D．collapse6．I don't know whether she has to the school life there since she went to the senior high 3 months ago.A．adopted B．related C．adapted D．connected7．We have many cases where hard work has ______ one’s chances of success in the past years.A．tackled B．multiplied C．collapsed D．highlighted 8．Hundreds of delighted students________ to welcome him who had raised money to build a well for them near their school.A．worked out B．dropped out C．given out D．turned out9．The world is now changing faster and faster. I try to___________ current affairs by reading the newspapers.A．come up with B．make use ofC．keep in touch with D．consist of10．Parents should ________ some time every week to hang out with their children and have a proper conversation.A．leave out B．set aside C．give away D．break out 11．—You are a great swimmer.—Thanks. It’s because I ______ a lot these days.A．have been practising B．was practisingC．would practise D．had practised12．A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ________ in the mountains for two days.A．are trapping B．have been trappedC．were trapping D．had been trapped13．I know I’ve put my passport in a place ______ I thought it would be safe, but now I can’t remember it.A．which B．that C．where D．what14．The famous director, as well as the main actors in the film, _________to a TV program to have a face-to-face talk with the audience last Saturday.A．have been invited B．has been invited C．was invited D．were invited15．William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ________ we can learn without repeating them.A．from which B．in which C．with whom D．for whom 16．— What do you think of your journey to the seaside town?— Everything is very fantastic, especially its fresh air, which is pleasant ________.A．breathed B．being breathed C．to be breathed D．to breathe 17．The dancer’s incredible performance had the audience on its feet ______ for 10 minutes at the end of the show.A．being clapped B．clap C．clapped D．clapping18．It’s no use ________ over spilt milk.A．cry B．crying C．that you cry D．for you to cry 19．After careful consideration, Ann has decided to ________ the restaurant after her dad’s retirement due to her love for cooking.A．take over B．sell out C．look for D．break into 20．Once Jason becomes interested in some topic, he can’t help thinking about it __________ he goes.A．however B．wherever C．whenever D．whomever二、阅读理解Henry Raeburn (1756-1823)The ExhibitionThis exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland’s best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years. Lecture Series Scottish National Portrait (肖像画) Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public. They are held in the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free.Exhibition TimesMonday-Saturday 10.00-17.45Sunday 12.00-17.45Last admission to the exhibition: 17.15. There is no re-admission.Closed: 24-26 December and 1 January. Admission£4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free. Schools and CollegesA special low entrance charge of £2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.21．What is the right time for attending Raeburn’s English Contemporaries?A．Sun. 26 Oct.B．Thurs. 30 Oct.C．Thurs. 6 Nov.D．Thurs.13 Nov. 22．How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission?A．£4.B．£8.C．£12.D．£16.23．How can full-time students get group discounts?A．They should go on Sunday mornings.B．They should come from art schools.C．They must be led by teachers.D．They must have ID cards with them.When a fire broke out in my home in the middle of the night, I knew I'd do anything I could to save my family. The medicine that I take for my rheumatoid arthritis causes me to wake up in the middle of the night with a dry mouth. January 15, 2016, was no different. I, Indiana, US, awoke at 2:30am needing water.I was walking back upstairs from the kitchen when I heard my bulldog , Rock. Whatever Rock was doing down there, it made enough noise for me to go to him. By the time I made it to the bottom of the stairs, he was running up, and he never came up the stairs, no matter what. I think that was his way of telling me, "We've got to go back up. "When I got to the top of the stairs, I turned around and saw a light on, but I didn't remember leaving one on. I walked downstairs again, and that's when I saw fire. I immediately shouted to my wife to wake up and get our three kids. I grabbed a knife and cut out the plastic that covered the window to the porch roof. I then pried open the window and kicked out the screen. I started screaming for help. But help never came. I got everybody out on the roof and threw a blanket out there so we wouldn't slip off. It was cold, January cold. Then I started screaming for help. But help never came.Now, I'm scared of heights and have physical issues, what with my rheumatoid arthritis, but I couldn't let my family burn up. So I jumped off the roof. I didn't scoot to the edge; I just jumped and got the wind knocked out of me when I landed. I found our ladder, placed it against the house, and climbed back up to the roof. I wrapped my arms around my daughter and carried my nine -month -old with my teeth, by his little sleeper. Then I climbed down the ladder. Once on the ground, I had my little girl hold her brother, and I went back up to the roof to get my other daughter. Then I went back up again and got my wife. I tried to get my dog, but he just disappeared in the black smoke. I never saw him alive again,I'm no hero. I'm just an ordinary person who'd help anybody. This happened to be the time when I helped my own family. I live to protect my family. Just likeRock—he lived to protect us. 24．What made the author wake up at 2:30am?A．My dog's barking B．The medicine's effectC．A burning fire D．A noise downstairs25．How did Rock tell the author the danger downstairs?A．He turned on a light downstairs.B．He ran to the author's room upstairs.C．He kept barking and running up to stairs.D．He made some noise at the bottom of the stairs.26．What did the author do after his family all stood on the roof?A．He placed a blanket to keep warm.B．He started screaming for help.C．He jumped off the roof.D．He broke open the window and kicked out the screen27．Which of the following best describe the author?A．Courageous and responsible B．Caring and selfishC．Loyal and brave D．Strong and considerateThe streets, sidewalks and roofs of cities all absorb heat during the day, making some urban areas across the United States up to 6 degrees Fahrenheit hotter than rural ones during the day—and 22 degrees F hotter at night. These “urban heat islands”can also develop underground as the city heat spreads downward, beneath the surface. And basements, subway tunnels and other underground infrastructure also constantly bleed heat into the surrounding earth, creating hotspots. Now the underground heat is building up as the planet warms.According to a new study of downtown Chicago, underground hotspots may threaten the very same structures that emit the heat in the first place. Such temperature changes make the ground around them expand and contract (收缩) enough to cause potential damage. “Without anyone realizing it, the city of Chicago’s downtown was deforming,” says the study’s author Alessandro F. Rotta Loria, a civil and environmental engineer at Northwestern University.The findings, published in Communications Engineering, expose a “silent hazard (危险)” to civil infrastructure in cities with soft er ground — especially those near water — Rotta Loria says. “There might have been structural issues caused by this underground climate change that happened, and we didn’t even realize,” he adds. While not an immediate or direct danger to human lives, this previously unknown effect highlights the impacts of a lesser-known component of climate change.Similar to climate change above the surface, these underground changes occur over long periods of time. “These effects took decades, a century, to develop,” Rotta Loria says, adding that elevated underground temperatures would likewise take a long time to dissipate (逐渐消失) on their own.But other researchers interviewed for this story all say this wasted energy could also be recycled, presenting an opportunity to both cool the subsurface and save on energy costs. Subway tunnels and basements could be updated with technologies to recapture the heat. For example, water pipes could be installed to run through underground hotspots and pick up some of the heat energy.28．What can we learn about the “urban heat islands”?A．They can develop underground structures.B．They are impacted by global warming.C．They can destroy the ground around.D．They only exist in the United States.29．Why does Alessandro F. Rotta Loria mention “silent hazard” in paragraph 3?A．To discuss structural issues.B．To categorize climate change.C．To explain underground heat.D．To emphasize the neglected reality.30．What will the author probably write about in the paragraph that follows?A．The future of tunnels and basements.B．The reusing approaches of heat energy.C．The cost of maintaining structures.D．The evolution of underground environment.31．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A．Warming Underground, Weakening SurfaceB．A Silver Lining of Global WarmingC．Urban Silent Islands in the MakingD．A Silent Crisis in Downtown ChicagoJason, a straight-A student from the University of Pennsylvania, uses the term “pseudo-working” to describe how many of us study. The pseudo-worker looks and feels like someone who is working hard — he or she spends a long time in the library and is not afraid to push on late into the night — but, because of a lack of focus and concentration, he or she’s doesn’t actually accomplish much.This phenomenon can be seen on most college campuses. For example, at Dartmouth there was a section of the main library that was open twenty-four hours a day, and the students I used to see there late at night crowded in groups, drinking coffee, were definitely pseudo-working. The roommate who flips through her chemistry notes on the couch while watching TV is pseudo-working.By placing themselves in distracting environments and insisting on working long hours, these students are damaging their brain’s ability to think clearly and efficiently accomplish the task at hand. In the end they get half the results with twice the effort.The bigger problem here is that most students don’t even realize that they’re pseudo-working. To them pseudo-working is work—it’s how they’ve always done it, and it’s how all of their friends do it. It never crosses their mind that there might be a better way. Straight-A students, on the other hand, know all about pseudo-working. They fear it. It not only wastes time, but it’s also mentally tiring.In fact, the most important skill in becoming a straight-A student is the ability to get work done quickly and with a minimum of wasted effort. Some cognitive science research concludes that about fifty minutes is the optimal learning period to maximize the material integrated per time unit. So how do these students achieve this goal? To understand their secret to success, consider the following simple formula(公式): work accomplished = time spent × intensity of focus.Pseudo-working features a very low intensity of focus. Therefore, to accomplish somethingby pseudo-working, you need to spend a lot of time. The straight-A approach on the other hand, increases intensity in order to use less time.32．Which of the following phenomenon is pseudo-working?A．Tom is busy taking notes while attending a lecture.B．Mike is sitting at a study lounge in preparation for a final exam quietly.C．Jack spends a long time in the library on his essay while listening to music.D．Alice and Sara are sitting on the couch reading their favorite books.33．Compared with straight-A students, the major problem of most students is that they ________.A．want to spend more time on studyB．are eager to follow their friends’ wayC．have got used to their study approachD．are unaware of their pseudo-working34．What does the underlined word “optimal” mean in paragraph 5?A．Possible.B．Best.C．Least.D．Accurate. 35．What does the author want to stress by mentioning the formula?A．The length of time on study counts.B．Concentration plays a key role in study.C．Getting work done quickly means everything.D．Effective study approach is very important.Why Play? Why Outside?Play is important, even for adults. Here are some great reasons to get outside and play.36 .Being outdoors brings the senses to life. In fact, 75 percent of students surveyed by Weekly Reader said they felt better after spending time outside. “Hiking, exploring, and fishing help sharpen all of your senses,” says Betsy Keller, a professor of exercise and sports sciences. “Smell, sight... they’re all engaged when you’re outside.” Bonus! 37 .Outdoor play eases your mind.Are you stressed out? Having trouble concentrating? 38 . Exposure to nature has been shown to lower stress levels and improve attention deficit disorder (注意缺陷障碍). “Bycomparison,” says Keller, “activities indoors, such as watching TV, or activities in non-green areas leave kids with ADD worse off.”Spending time outdoors brings you closer to the environment.Hearing the leaves rustling underfoot and breathing in fresh air build awareness and appreciation of the environment, if you walk through the woods in search of cool birds and plants, you may find your mind expanding.No woods nearby? 39 . Nature can be as close as your own backyard or those trees at the end of the street. There are bits of nature everywhere — even in cities. “Some naturalists call that nearby nature,” Keller says. “It’s a great way to experience a piece of the natural world without wandering too far from home.”40 , consider treating yourself to a little outdoor play instead. It’s not called the great outdoors for nothing.A．Playing outside helps your bodyB．Outdoor activities expand your sensesC．You don’t need a huge park to enjoy nature’s benefitsD．With your senses engaged, you’ll feel free and more creativeE．So the next time you sit down to spend quality time with a TVF．Then take note of your senses after you’ve done something outsideG．Too much time indoors —away from the natural world — may be a cause三、完形填空I found a wonderful picture of Maolan karst cones online and presented it to the innkeeper. “You can’t go there,” the innkeeper 41 me. “The viewing platform has been closed due to 42 that too many visitors could cause geological damage.”Despite our disappointment, we 43 an alternative: a seven-hour hike through the “funnel forest”. Initially, we were 44 to run the risk. However, I had 45 the tourism motto in the nature reserve: “If you don’t do it now, you won’t do it in your lifetime.” Three of our group 46 decided to venture into the forest. The innkeeper responded with a knowing 47 : “Great. Bear Grylls went there.”The next morning, we set off with a local 48 . Rain came and went three times, and before I actually 49 to climb over the first mountain, I had already got wet to the skin. I was a walking 50 of mud and water.Our guide, in his 50s, behaved like a botanist, introducing the locally specific plants to us, but I was hardly in the 51 . Every step sank into the muddy, sucking ground. Every log or rock in front of us was a physical 52 . “One can never reach those places without strong willpower,” I murmured, reciting that millennium-old 53 , over and over again.Sinkholes and entrances to underground rivers kept popping up along our 54 . Thinking of them leading to an unknown world, I began to 55 the road that I can control even more.Wandering in a green chaos without any obvious landmarks is also breathtaking. 41．A．answered B．told C．followed D．favored 42．A．news B．matters C．concerns D．conclusions 43．A．worked out B．took in C．set down D．ruled out 44．A．unwilling B．surprised C．calm D．inspired 45．A．forgotten B．promoted C．interpreted D．noticed 46．A．shortly B．lately C．eventually D．suddenly 47．A．taste B．tone C．smile D．sigh 48．A．botanist B．keeper C．farmer D．guide 49．A．managed B．decided C．planned D．agreed 50．A．visitor B．mixture C．log D．stranger 51．A．eagerness B．mood C．humor D．pity 52．A．contact B．energy C．activity D．challenge 53．A．prediction B．line C．deal D．secret 54．A．route B．landmark C．platform D．rock 55．A．guarantee B．ignore C．doubt D．appreciate四、语法填空阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。